Clinical
HTAN Clinical Data Model Schema
Demographics
Information about the demographics
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
Ethnic group of the participant (caDSR:2192217) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Gender identity of the participant |
|
|
Yes |
Sex of the participant |
|
|
Yes |
Race of the participant (caDSR:2192199) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
Diagnosis
Information about the diagnosis
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
NCI Thesaurus concept identifier for primary diagnosis. Note that NCI Thesaurus offers very broad and very granular cancer types. Please select the most granular disease term most relevant to your research atlas. For example, for Ovarian Cancer, use: C4908: Ovarian Carcinoma, and not a more specific code such as: C139964: Stage I Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8. (caDSR:14905532) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
integer |
Yes |
Age at the time of diagnosis expressed in number of days since birth. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:15019300) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
Yes |
UBERON identifier indicating the tissue or organ where the disease of interest originated, e.g. UBERON:0000002. (caDSR:14883047) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Degree of abnormality of cancer cells as a measure of differentiation and aggressiveness. (caDSR:11325685) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Indicator of whether the tumor was staged using the AJCC classification system. |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
Required when TUMOR_STAGED is “Yes” |
|
|
integer |
Yes |
Age in days of subject at the time of their last known disease status. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:14589579) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
Yes |
Most recently documented condition or state of an individual’s disease. (caDSR:12447172) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Classification of a tumor at a particular time based primarily on histopathological characteristics. (caDSR:12922545) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
State of metastatic disease at the time of primary tumor diagnosis. (caDSR:3438571) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Type of clinical or laboratory procedure(s) used in the determination of a disease diagnosis. (caDSR:14857681) (Aligns to CRDC Node) |
|
|
No |
The Gleason grade group for prostate cancer, derived from the primary and secondary Gleason pattern scores. (caDSR:5918370) |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
Exposure
Information about the exposure
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
Current or past smoking status. (caDSR:3626148) (Aligns to CRDC Node) |
|
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when SMOKING_HISTORY is Current smoker, Current Every-Day Smoker, Current Some-Day Smoker, or Former Smoker |
Required when SMOKING_HISTORY is Current smoker, Current Every-Day Smoker, Current Some-Day Smoker, or Former Smoker |
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when SMOKING_HISTORY is Current smoker, Current Every-Day Smoker, Current Some-Day Smoker, or Former Smoker |
Required when SMOKING_HISTORY is Current smoker, Current Every-Day Smoker, Current Some-Day Smoker, or Former Smoker |
|
Yes |
Response indicating whether or not an individual has ever consumed alcohol. (caDSR:7537144) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
Yes |
Response indicating whether or not an individual was exposed to potentially harmful environmental agents (caDSR:15753166) (Aligns to CRDC Node) |
|
|
Conditional: Required when ENVIRONMENTAL_EXPOSURE is Yes |
Required when ENVIRONMENTAL_EXPOSURE is Yes |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
FamilyHistory
A class to capture information about the cancer history of family members.
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
Response to indicate if any relative has a medical history that includes cancer. (caDSR:13309936) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
integer |
Conditional: If FAMILY_MEMBER_CANCER_HISTORY is “Yes”, then RELATIVES_WITH_CANCER_HISTORY becomes required |
Number of relatives the individual has with a known history of cancer. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:15907364) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
FollowUp
Clinical follow-up information
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
integer |
Yes |
Age in days of the subject at the the time of follow-up. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:15748634) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
Yes |
Response indicating whether or not a subject has a progressive disease or a recurrent disease. (caDSR:13529783) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Conditional: Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
|
|
Conditional: Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
|
|
Conditional: Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
|
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
Required when PROGRESSION_OR_RECURRENCE is “Yes” |
|
Yes |
Result of an evaluation to determine whether pathologic and/or clinical changes resulted from treatment. (caDSR:13383448) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Indicator of whether an ECOG performance status score was obtained for the individual. (caDSR:5943795) (Aligns to CRDC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Conditional: Required when ECOG_SCORE_PERFORMED is “Known” |
Required when ECOG_SCORE_PERFORMED is “Known” |
|
|
No |
Menopausal status of the individual. (caDSR:2434914) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
MolecularTest
Information about the molecular test
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
string |
No |
Label to identify the time point at which the clinical data or biospecimen was obtained (e.g. Baseline, End of Treatment, Overall survival, Final). NO PHI/PII INFORMATION IS ALLOWED. (caDSR:8031077) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
integer |
Yes |
Age in days of the subject at the start of a molecular analysis. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:15879017) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
integer |
No |
Age in days of the subject at the end of a molecular analysis. (caDSR:15879662) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
Yes |
Gene symbol of the gene targeted or included in molecular analysis. (caDSR:11280318) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
Yes |
Description of the method used for clinical molecular analysis. (caDSR:6142401) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
Yes |
Description of the result of clinical molecular analysis. (caDSR:6142397) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
string |
No |
Alphanumeric value used to describe the amino acid change for a specific genetic variant, e.g., R116Q, as determined by clinical testing. (caDSR:6142508) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
Yes |
Kind of material taken from a biological entity for testing, diagnostic, propagation, treatment or research purposes. (caDSR:7069877) (Aligns to CRDC Node) |
|
|
integer |
No |
The quantity of gene copies resulting from a mutation. (caDSR:13367966) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
integer |
No |
Exon number targeted or included in a clinical molecular analysis. (caDSR:6142411) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
No |
Description of the molecular consequence of genetic variation identified by a clinical test. (caDSR:13367935) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
No |
Description of a variant’s level of involvement in the cause of the individual’s disease according to the standards outlined by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). (caDSR:14532361) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
No |
Sample type or material being subjected to analysis. (caDSR:15063661) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
No |
Preferred unit of measure (UOM) for a laboratory test result, per NCI standards or per protocol specification. (caDSR:2195977) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
string |
No |
Specific result of a clinical molecular test. Use this field only if one of the permissible values in MOLECULAR_ANALYSIS_RESULT isn’t relevant. Please provide TEST_UNITS if applicable. (caDSR:2230153) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
No |
Biological origin of a specific genetic variant identified by a clinical test. (caDSR:14473382) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
No |
Description of the type of genetic variation. (caDSR:6142402) (No CRDC Standard Available) |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
Therapy
Information about therapeutic interventions
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
Status of the individual’s malignancy when the treatment began. (caDSR:15907348) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Anticipated outcome for therapy. (caDSR:15157467) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Type of treatment administered. (caDSR:14737565) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Yes |
Whether single or combination pharmacotherapy was used. (caDSR:15743233) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is Chemotherapy, Concurrent Chemoradiation, or Pharmacotherapy |
Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is Chemotherapy, Concurrent Chemoradiation, or Pharmacotherapy |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is a surgical or radiation therapy |
Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is a surgical or radiation therapy |
|
|
integer |
Yes |
The age in days of the subject at the time that this treatment was started. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:12304720) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when treatment has ended; use -1 if not available |
Required when treatment has ended; use -1 if not available |
|
Conditional: Required when AGE_IN_DAYS_AT_TREATMENT_END is present |
Required when AGE_IN_DAYS_AT_TREATMENT_END is present |
|
|
Conditional: Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is Chemotherapy, Concurrent Chemoradiation, or Pharmacotherapy |
Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is Chemotherapy, Concurrent Chemoradiation, or Pharmacotherapy |
|
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is pharmacotherapy |
Required when TREATMENT_TYPE is pharmacotherapy |
|
Conditional: Required when AGE_IN_DAYS_AT_TREATMENT_END is present |
Required when AGE_IN_DAYS_AT_TREATMENT_END is present |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
VitalStatus
Information about the vital status
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Yes |
Survival status for individual. (caDSR:2847330) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
|
integer |
Yes |
Age in days when the last known survival status of the subject was captured. Use -1 if this data point is not available. (caDSR:12305768) (Aligns to CDRC Standard CDE) |
|
integer |
Conditional: Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
|
Conditional: Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
|
|
Conditional: Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
Required when VITAL_STATUS is Dead |
|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
ClinicalRecordAttributes
Base attributes shared by all clinical record types
Attribute |
Type |
Required |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|
string |
Yes |
HTAN ID associated with a patient based on HTAN ID SOP (Primary Key) |
Enums
AJCCStagingSystemEditionEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
1st |
Preceding all others in time or space or degree.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
2nd |
Coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
3rd |
Following the second position in an ordering or series; coming next after the second and just before the fourth in position.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
4th |
Following the third position in an ordering or series; coming next after the third and just before the fifth in position.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
5th |
Following the fourth position in an ordering or series; coming next after the fourth and just before the sixth in position.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
6th |
Following the fifth position in an ordering or series; coming next after the fifth and just before the seventh in position.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
7th |
A natural number greater than 6 and less than 8 and the quantity that it denotes: the sum of six and one.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
8th |
A natural number greater than 7 and less than 9 and the quantity that it denotes: the sum of seven and one.: The form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published. |
AlcoholHistoryIndicatorEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Data not available |
Data from an original source is not present, accessible or ready for use or service. |
No |
The non-affirmative response to a question. |
Not applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not reported |
Not provided or available. |
Pending |
Not yet decided or settled; awaiting conclusion or confirmation. |
Refused |
To decline to do, accept, give, or allow something. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
Yes |
The affirmative response to a question. |
AntineoplasticAgentEnum
NCI Thesaurus Preferred Name for antineoplastic agents, as derived from https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Drug_or_Substance/Antineoplastic_Agent.xls
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
10-Deacetyltaxol |
An analog of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. 10-Deacetyltaxol binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. |
117-126:FGF-5 Peptide |
A fragment of fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF-5). Originally isolated from a renal cell carcinoma cell line that overexpressed FGF-5, FGF-5:117-126 peptide is recognized by tumor infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Overexpressed by several cancer cell types, this peptide is being tested as a potential target for antineoplastic immunotherapies. (NCI04) |
11C Topotecan |
A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata radiolabeled with carbon 11 (11C) with antineoplastic and radiotracer properties. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that inhibit DNA replication and trigger apoptotic cell death. Quantitation of 11C topotecan accumulated … |
11D10 AluGel Anti-Idiotype Monoclonal Antibody |
A monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide gel (AluGel) with potential antineoplastic activity. 11D10 AluGel anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody mimics the human milk fat globule (HMFG) antigen found in breast and other cancers. Vaccination with 11D10 AluGel anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody may induce a host antibody response against tumor cells positive for the HMFG antigen. (NCI04) |
12-Allyldeoxoartemisinin |
A semi-synthetic analogue of Artemisinin - a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the dry leaves of Artemisia Annua (sweet wormwood) used as anti-malaria agent. Limited data is available on Artemisinin antineoplastic activity. |
13-Deoxydoxorubicin |
An analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. 13-Deoxydoxorubicin intercalates DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent was designed to be a non-cardiotoxic anthracycline antibiotic. |
14C BMS-275183 |
An orally bioavailable taxane compound, a C-4 methyl carbonate analogue of paclitaxel, labeled with radioactive carbon 14, with potential antineoplastic and radioimaging activities. BMS-275183 binds to tubulin and as a result inhibits microtubule disassembly or assembly. This leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, thereby resulting in an inhibition of cell division and ultimately cell death. BMS-275183 may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors as it does not appear to be a… |
17beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 5 Inhibitor ASP9521 |
A selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5 (17bHSD5, aldo-keto reductase 1C3; AKR1C3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ASP9521 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of 17bHSD5. This prevents the conversion of the adrenal androgens dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione into 5-androstenediol and testosterone. By blocking testosterone production, ASP9521 may inhibit the growth of testosterone-dependent cance… |
2,6-Diaminopurine |
One of a number of organic compounds that share a similar purine structure and possess antiviral and antitumor properties. 2,6-Diaminopurine nucleosides are versatile synthetic precursors for specific N-6 modifications of antiviral and antitumor agents. (NCI04) |
2,6-Dimethoxyquinone |
A methoxy-substituted benzoquinone and bioactive compound found in fermented wheat germ extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immune-enhancing activity. 2,6-Dimethoxyquinone (2,6-DMBQ) inhibits anaerobic glycolysis thereby preventing cellular metabolism and inducing apoptosis. As cancer cells use the anaerobic glycolysis pathway to metabolize glucose and cancer cells proliferate at an increased rate as compared to normal, healthy cells, this agent is specifically cytotoxic towards cance… |
2-Deoxy-D-glucose |
A non-metabolizable glucose analog in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 of glucose is replaced by hydrogen, with potential glycolysis inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), this agent competes with glucose for uptake by proliferating cells, such as tumor cells. 2-DG inhibits the first step of glycolysis and therefore prevents cellular energy production, which may res… |
2-Ethylhydrazide |
A podophyllic acid derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, 2-ethylhydrazide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. |
2’-F-ara-deoxyuridine |
A deoxyuridine prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cellular uptake, 2’-F-ara-deoxyuridine (FAU) is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to FAU monophosphate and subsequently methylated in the 5’-position by thymidylate synthase (TS) to its activated form, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl) 5-methyluracil monophosphate (FMAUMP). FMAUMP is incorporated into DNA leading to an inhibition of DNA synthesis and so cell growth. The catalytic activity of TS is critical to acti… |
2-Fluoroadenine |
A fluorinated heterocyclic 2-ring compound. 2-fluoroadenine is the base moiety for many carbocyclic and acyclic nucleoside analogues, which may be used in antineoplastic studies. |
2-Fluorofucose |
An orally bioavailable fluorinated analog of fucose that is a protein fucosylation inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, 2-fluorofucose (2-FF) mimics fucose and is converted to guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-2FF, which prevents the formation of the fucosylation substrate GDP-fucose, and the incorporation of fucose into glycoproteins by fucosyltransferase. As fucosylation of glycoproteins plays a key role in many biological processes, such … |
2G-1 TCR Retroviral Vector-Transduced Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes isolated from renal cell cancer (RCC) patient and transduced with 2G-1 TCR, a retroviral vector encoding the alpha and beta chains of a T-cell receptor that recognizes TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) bound to death receptor 4 (DR4), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. After transduction, expansion in culture, and introduction into the RCC patient, 2G-1 TCR retroviral vector-transduced lymphocytes may sti… |
2-Hydroxyestradiol |
A metabolite formed during the metabolism of 17beta-estradiol by hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by the CYP450 enzymes 1A1/1A2. Theoretically, 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2) is able to undergo redox cycling, which generates active radicals and induces DNA damage; however, this estradiol metabolite is very unstable in vivo and is quickly inactivated by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-mediated O-methylation and converted to 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeE2). 2-MeE2 exerts antineoplastic ac… |
2-Hydroxyestrone |
A metabolite formed during the catabolism of estrone by the liver through the hydroxylation of the carbon at position 2 by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, including CYP1A1 and 1A2, with potential anticarcinogenic activity. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-hydroxyestrone is not known but this metabolic product has minimal estrogenic activity compared to the parent compound and other estrone metabolites. Additionally, O-methylation of this compound produces 2-methoxyestrad… |
2-Hydroxyflutamide Depot |
A depot formulation containing a bioresorbable, controlled-release, calcium sulphate-based paste of the nonsteroidal antiandrogen 2-hydroxyflutamide (2-HOF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection into the tumor site in the prostate, 2-hydroxyflutamide depot slowly releases 2-HOF, which competitively binds to androgen receptors (ARs), blocking the binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This may inhibit androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth … |
2-Methoxyestradiol |
An orally bioavailable estradiol metabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits angiogenesis by reducing endothelial cell proliferation and inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits tumor cell growth by binding to tubulin, resulting in antimitotic activity, and by inducing caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
2-Methoxyestradiol Nanocrystal Colloidal Dispersion |
An orally bioavailable liquid formulation containing the small molecule 2-methoxyestradiol with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol, a naturally occurring estradiol metabolite, exerts its antitumor effect by inhibiting endothelial cells as well as tumor cells through multiple mechanisms. This agent binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule formation, thereby preventing mitosis and subsequent cellular proliferation. In addition, 2-methoxyestradiol induces caspase activation, … |
2-Methoxyestrone |
A metabolite formed during the methylation of 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1) by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), with potential anticarcinogenic and minimal estrogen activities. The mechanism of action for the antitumor activity of 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1) is not known. A high 2-methoxyestrone (2-OMeE1)/2-OHE1 ratio indicates higher methylation efficiency and correlates with a lower cancer risk. |
3-bromopyruvate-based Agent KAT-101 |
An orally bioavailable formulation of a derivative of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of 3-BP-based agent KAT-101, the 3-BP derivative, being structurally similar to lactic acid, specifically binds to and enters cancer cells through monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCTs), which are transporters for lactic acid and are overexpressed on cancer cells. Inside the cancer cells, KAT-101 interferes with both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxida… |
3-bromopyruvate-based Agent KAT-201 |
An intratumoral (IT) formulation of a derivative of 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon IT administration of 3-BP-based agent KAT-201, the 3-BP derivative, being structurally similar to lactic acid, specifically binds to and enters cancer cells through monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCTs), which are transporters for lactic acid and are overexpressed on cancer cells. Inside the cancer cells, KAT-201 interferes with both glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative… |
3’-C-ethynylcytidine |
A synthetic cytidine nucleoside containing a covalently bound ethynyl group with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 3’-C-ethynylcytidine is metabolized in tumor cells to ethynylcytidine triphosphate (ECTP), which inhibits RNA synthesis by competitive inhibition of RNA polymerases I, II and III; subsequently, RNase L is activated, resulting in apoptosis. RNase L is a potent antiviral and antiproliferative endoribonuclease that cleaves singled stranded RNA, causes 28s rRN… |
4H11-28z/fIL-12/EGFRt-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MUC16ecto and encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), fused to the signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (28z), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. U… |
4’-Iodo-4’-Deoxydoxorubicin |
An iodinated doxorubicin analogue with antiamyloid activity. 4’-Iodo-4’-deoxydoxorubicin (IDOX) binds with high affinity to five types of natural amyloid fibrils including immunoglobulin light chains, amyloid A, transthyretin (methionine-30 variant), beta-protein (Alzheimer), and beta2-microglobulin. This agent may inhibit fibril growth, increasing the solubility of amyloid tissue deposits and facilitating their clearance. IDOX has also been shown to insulin amyloid fibrillogenesis in vitro. |
4-Nitroestrone 3-Methyl Ether |
A synthetic derivative of estradiol. 4-nitroestrone 3-methyl ether inhibits estrogen sulfotransferase (EST), a progesterone-induced secretory endometrial enzyme which affects estrogen receptor levels. This agent has been shown to be an effective growth inhibitor of some chemically induced animal mammary tumors. (NCI04) |
4-Peptide Melanoma Vaccine |
An emulsion of 4 melanoma peptides with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, 4-peptide melanoma vaccine may stimulate an immune response against 4 different melanoma associated antigens. This may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation of cancer cells expressing these antigens. |
4-Thio-2-deoxycytidine |
An orally bioavailable 4-thio modified 2-deoxycytidine analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of 4-thio-2-deoxycytidine (TdCyd), this cytidine analog gets incorporated into DNA during replication and inhibits the activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which blocks DNA hypermethylation. This results in DNMT1 depletion, hypomethylation of DNA, and the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes that were silenced by hypermethylation; this results in antitumor activ… |
5-Aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine |
An orally bioavailable, nucleoside analog and DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1) inhibitor, with potential DNA hypomethylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, 5-aza-4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine (Aza-TdC) gets incorporated into DNA, where it binds to the active site of DNMT1, a maintenance methyltransferase that contributes to the hypermethylation and silencing of tumor suppressor genes. The formation of covalent DNMT1-DNA complexes inhibits DNMT1, prevents DNA methylation of CpG … |
5-Fluoro-2-Deoxycytidine |
An antimetabolite consisting of a fluorinated pyrimidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, 5-fluoro-2-deoxycytidine is converted by intracellular deaminases to the cytotoxic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU is subsequently metabolized to active metabolites including 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP binds to and inhibits thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the production of thymidine monophosphate, which… |
6 Melanoma Helper Peptide Vaccine |
A multi-epitope vaccine containing the following six class II MHC-restricted peptides: gp100, MelanA/MART-1, two tyrosinase peptides, and the cancer/testis antigens MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A1,2,3,6, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melanoma helper peptides induce an antigen-specific, Th1-dominant, CD4+ T-cell response, potentially augmenting cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses and maintaining immunologic memory against tumor cells expressing melanoma-specific antigens. The 6… |
6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases Isoform 3 Inhibitor ACT-PFK-158 |
An inhibitor of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatases (PFK-2/FBPase) isoform 3 (PFKFB3) and derivative of 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (3PO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PFKFB3 inhibitor PFK-158 binds to and inhibits the activity of PFKFB3, which leads to the inhibition of both the glycolytic pathway in and glucose uptake by cancer cells. This prevents the production of macromolecules and energy that causes the enhanced cellul… |
7-Cyanoquinocarcinol |
A semisynthetic analogue of the Streptomyces melanovinaceus-derived tetracyclic antitumor antibiotic quinocarmycin with potential antineoplastic activity. Quinocarmycin belongs to the naphthyridinomycin/saframycin class of antitumor antibiotics. These antibiotics appear to act through DNA alkylation. |
7-Hydroxystaurosporine |
A synthetic derivative of staurosporine with antineoplastic activity. 7-hydroxystaurosporine inhibits many phosphokinases, including the serine/threonine kinase AKT, calcium-dependent protein kinase C, and cyclin-dependent kinases. This agent arrests tumor cells in the G1/S of the cell cycle and prevents nucleotide excision repair by inhibiting the G2 checkpoint kinase chk1, resulting in apoptosis. (NCI04) |
8-Azaguanine |
A purine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. 8-Azaguanine interferes with the modification of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) by competing with guanine for incorporation into tRNA catalyzed by the enzyme tRNA-guanine ribosyltransferase (tRNA-guanine transglycosylase). Altered guanine modification of tRNA has been implicated in cellular differentiation and neoplastic transformation. 8-Azaguanine also inhibits the formation of 43S and 80S initiation complexes, thereby interferi… |
8-Chloroadenosine |
An antimetabolite and a chlorine derivative of the purine nucleoside adenosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, 8-chloro-adenosine is phosphorylated to form 8-chloro-adenosine triphosphate (8-chloro-ATP), which functions as a ribonucleoside analogue and competes with ATP during transcription. Therefore, this agent causes RNA synthesis inhibition, inhibits cellular proliferation, and induces apoptosis. |
9-Ethyl 6-Mercaptopurine |
A synthetic alkyl derivative prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). In vivo, 9-ethyl 6-mercaptopurine appears to be converted to 6-MP, which substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. (NCI04) |
9H-Purine-6Thio-98D |
An antimetabolite analogue of purine with antineoplastic and immuno-suppressant properties. 9H-Purine-6Thio-98D substitutes for the normal nucleoside and fraudulently incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. In vivo, this agent, also known as 6MP-arabinoside, may occur as a metabolite of the antineoplastic agent mercaptopurine. (NCI04) |
A2A/A2B Adenosine Receptor Antagonist INCB106385 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2A/A2B adenosine receptor antagonist INCB106385 competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intra-tumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocy… |
A2A/A2B Adenosine Receptor Antagonist YZJ-5053 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2A/A2B adenosine receptor antagonist YZJ-5053 competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intra-tumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocyte… |
A2AR Antagonist EXS21546 |
An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2AR antagonist EXS21546 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and ac… |
A-65 |
An amide analogue of Trichostatin A studied for potential antineoplastic activity. A-65 inhibits zinc-dependent histone deacetylase, inducing terminal cell differentiation and anti-angiogenic activity. (NCI04) |
Abagovomab |
A murine IgG1 monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody, containing a variable antigen-binding region that functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of a specific epitope on the ovarian cancer tumor-associated antigen CA-125, with potential antineoplastic activity. With a variable antigen-binding region that acts as a surrogate antigen for CA-125, abagovomab may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against CA-125-positive tumor cells, resulting in… |
Abarelix |
A synthetic decapeptide and antagonist of naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Abarelix directly and competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated with prostate hypert… |
Abemaciclib |
An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the CDK4 (cyclin D1) and CDK6 (cyclin D3) cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting cancer cell growth. Overexpress… |
Abemaciclib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of abemaciclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that targets the cyclin D1-CDK4 and cyclin D3-CDK6 cell cycle pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Abemaciclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and 6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation in early G1. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis and inhibiting c… |
Abequolixron |
An orally bioavailable agonist of the nuclear receptor liver X receptor beta (LXRbeta; NR1H2; LXR-b), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, abequolixron selectively targets and binds to LXRbeta, thereby activating LXRbeta-mediated signaling, leading to the transcription of certain tumor suppressor genes and the downregulation of certain tumor promoter genes. This particularly activates the expression of apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a tumor suppre… |
Abexinostat |
An orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, abexin… |
Abexinostat Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of abexinostat, an orally bioavailable hydroxamate-based pan-inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon administration, abexinostat inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tu… |
Abipapogene Suvaplasmid |
A therapeutic DNA vaccine composed of three parts, one encodes the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16), the second is a dimerization entity and the third part encodes a protein that specifically binds to antigen presenting cells (APCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, abipapogene suvaplasmid expresses HPV16 E6/7 and a protein that targets receptors on APCs. Upon binding to APCs and subsequent int… |
Abiraterone |
A steroidal compound with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels. |
Abiraterone Acetate |
An orally active acetate ester form of the steroidal compound abiraterone with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels. |
Abiraterone Acetate/Niraparib |
An orally bioavailable fixed dose combination agent containing the acetate ester prodrug of the steroidal compound abiraterone, an inhibitor of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) family member 17 alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20-lyase (CYP17; CYP17A1), and the tosylate monohydrate salt form of niraparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with anti-androgen and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of abiraterone acetate/niraparib, abiraterone acetate i… |
Abiraterone Amorphous Solid Dispersion Formulation DST-2970 |
An orally bioavailable, amorphous solid dispersion formulation of the steroidal compound abiraterone, with potential antiandrogen activity. Upon oral administration, abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. This may suppress testosterone production by both the testes a… |
Abiraterone Decanoate |
The decanoate form of abiraterone, a steroidal compound with antiandrogen activity. Abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. Administration of this agent may suppress testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-range levels. |
Abiraterone Decanoate Depot |
A depot formulation containing the decanoate ester of abiraterone, a steroidal compound with antiandrogen activity. Upon administration, abiraterone inhibits the enzymatic activity of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17alpha-hydrolase/C17,20 lyase complex; CYP17A1), a member of the cytochrome p450 family that catalyzes the 17alpha-hydroxylation of steroid intermediates involved in testosterone synthesis. This suppresses testosterone production by both the testes and the adrenals to castrate-ran… |
Abituzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha v integrin subunit with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Abituzumab, a chimeric antibody which includes the antigen binding sites of the anti-integrin mouse antibody 17E6, binds to and inhibits the activity of alphaVbeta3 integrin (vitronectin receptor); this may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis an… |
Abivertinib Maleate Anhydrous |
The maleate salt form of abivertinib, an orally available, irreversible, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant-selective inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, abivertinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the drug-resistant T790M EGFR mutant, which prevents signaling mediated by mutant forms of EGFR. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-mutated tumor cells. EGFR, a recept… |
Acai Berry Juice |
A juice product obtained from the fruit of the acai palm tree (Euterpe oleracea) with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Besides high amounts of vitamins, minerals and fatty acids, acai berry is rich in phytonutrients such as anthocyanins and flavones which are potent scavengers of reactive oxygen species. The fruit also contains high amounts of the flavone velutin which exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties. Velutin is able to inhibit the degradat… |
Acalabrutinib |
An orally available inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, acalabrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic… |
Acalisib |
An inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Acalisib inhibits the activity of PI3K, thereby preventing the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which decreases tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death. PI3K-mediated signaling is often dysregulated in cancer cells; the targeted inhibition of PI3K is d… |
Acasunlimab |
A recombinant, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, acasunlimab simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells… |
Acazicolcept |
An Fc fusion protein comprised of a human inducible T-cell costimulator ligand (ICOSL) variant immunoglobulin domain (vIgD) that binds to both inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS; CD278) and cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, acazicolcept targets and binds to both CD28 and ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents the activation of CD28 and ICOS by its ligands, thereby blocking the two T-cell costimulatory pathways and t… |
Aceglatone |
A derivative of D-glucaro-1, 4-lactone with chemopreventive and anti-tumor activities. One of the key processes in which human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by glucuronidation. When beta-glucuronidase deconjugates these glucuronides, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has been implicated to be associated with an increased risk for hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, an… |
Acetylcysteine |
A synthetic N-acetyl derivative and prodrug of the endogenous amino acid L-cysteine, a precursor of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH), with mucolytic, antioxidant, and potential cytoprotective, cancer-preventive, and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, acetylcysteine exerts its mucolytic activity by reducing disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, resulting in liquification of mucus and reducing its viscosity. It is also used for the treatment of acetaminophen overdose as it can rest… |
Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V Inhibitor PhOx430 |
An inhibitor of the glycosyltransferase N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GnT-V inhibitor PhOx430 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GnT-V, a glycosylation enzyme that synthesizes the beta1, 6-GlcNAc branch in N-glycans. This inhibits the glycosylation of tumor cells and downregulates cell surface receptors implicated in tumor cell growth and metastasis. GnT-V and its product N-glycans, upregulated in various ty… |
Acimtamig |
A tetravalent bispecific antibody directed against human CD30 and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, acimtamig binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells with two of its binding sites and to CD30 on CD30-expressing tumor cells with the other two binding sites, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and NK cells. This may result in NK cell activation, antibody-depende… |
Acitretin |
An orally-active metabolite of the synthetic aromatic retinoic acid agent etretinate with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, anti-psoratic, and embryotoxic properties. Acitretin activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), resulting in induction of cell differentiation, inhibition of cell proliferation, and inhibition of tissue infiltration by inflammatory cells. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Acivicin |
A modified amino acid and structural analog of glutamine. Acivicin inhibits glutamine amidotransferases in the purine and pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor growth in cell lines dependent on glutamine metabolism. (NCI04) |
Aclacinomycin B |
An antineoplastic oligosaccharide anthracycline antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces galilaeus. Aclacinomycin B intercalates into DNA and inhibits both the topoisomerase I and II enzymes, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. |
Aclarubicin |
An oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces galilaeus. Aclarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Aclarubicin is antagonistic to other agents that inhibit topoisomerase II, such as etoposide, teniposide and amsacrine. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and daunorubicin. |
Acodazole |
A synthetic imidazoquinoline with antineoplastic activity. Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Acodazole Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of acodazole, a synthetic imidazoquinoline with antineoplastic activity. Acodazole intercalates into DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA replication. Use of this agent has been associated with significant cardiotoxicity. |
Acolbifene Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of acolbifene, a fourth-generation estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential lipid lowering and antineoplastic activity. Acolbifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerting its agonistic or antag… |
Acridine |
A polycyclic aromatic dye with antineoplastic, antimicrobial and imaging activities. Acridine and its derivatives intercalate within DNA and RNA by forming hydrogen-bonds and stacking between base pairs resulting in DNA crosslinks and strand breaks. In addition, acridine and its derivatives are a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase II enzyme. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, predominantly occurring during S phase of the cell cycle and ultimately leads to cell death. |
Acridine Carboxamide |
A tricyclic acridine-based (or carboxamide-based) drug with dual topoisomerase inhibitor and potential antineoplastic activities. Acridine carboxamide inhibits both topoisomerases I and II and intercalates into DNA, resulting in DNA damage, the disruption of DNA repair and replication, the inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis, and cell death. |
Acronine |
A natural alkaloid with an acridine structure isolated from the bark of the plant Acronychia baueri (Australian scrub ash) with antineoplastic properties. Acronycine appears to alkylate DNA and interfere with DNA replication. (NCI04) |
ACSS2 Inhibitor MTB-9655 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the enzyme human acetyl coenzyme A synthetase short chain family member 2 (ACSS2; acetyl CoA synthetase 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the ACSS2 inhibitor MTB-9655 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ACSS2. This prevents acetate metabolism to acetyl-CoA which may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. ACSS2, an enzyme that converts acetate to acetyl-CoA, is upregulated … |
Actinium Ac 225 DOTATATE RYZ101 |
A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin analog tyrosine-3-octreotate (Tyr3-octreotate or TATE) labeled, via the macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra-acetic acid (DOTA), with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225 DOTATATE RYZ101, the TATE moiety targets and binds to SSTRs, with a much higher affinity for type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types … |
Actinium Ac 225 FPI-2059 |
A radioconjugate consisting of a neurotensin receptor type 1 (NTSR1)-targeting small molecule antagonist labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225 FPI-2059, the NTSR1-targeting moiety targets and binds to NTSR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to NTSR1-expressing tumor cells. NTSR1, a G protein-coupled receptor for the t… |
Actinium Ac 225 FPI-2068 |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of FPI-2053, a humanized bispecific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), chelated to the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), and radiolabeled with the alpha-emitting radionuclide actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225 FPI-2068, the FPI-2053 moiety targets and binds to the extrac… |
Actinium Ac 225 Lintuzumab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody lintuzumab conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225 lintuzumab specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 antigen, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cells expressing CD33. CD33 is a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and overexpressed on myelo… |
Actinium Ac 225 PSMA-I&T |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-I&T, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand that is linked via the bifunctional tmacrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1-(glutamic acid)-4,7,10-triacetic acid (DOTAGA; DOTA-GA), to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225 PSMA-I&T, PSMA-I&T targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiet… |
Actinium Ac 225 Rosopatamab Tetraxetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) labeled with the alpha particle-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac-225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, actinium Ac 225 rosopatamab tetraxetan binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA with high affinity, thereby delivering alpha radiation to PSMA expressing cells. PSMA, a type II membrane protein expressed in all types of prostatic tissue… |
Actinium Ac 225 Vofatamab |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing vofatamab, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3) labeled, via a chelating agent, with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225 vofatamab, the vofatamab moiety specifically targets and binds to FGFR3. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to FGFR3… |
Actinium Ac 225-DOTA-anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of M5A, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEA or CEACAM5), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of actinium Ac 225-DOTA-anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A specif… |
Actinium Ac 225-DOTA-Daratumumab |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing daratumumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD38, conjugated to the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225-DOTA-daratumumab, the monoclonal antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to c… |
Actinium Ac 225-DOTA-h11B6 JNJ-69086420 |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing h11B6, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that targets human kallikrein-2 (hK2), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225-DOTA-h11B6 JNJ-69086420, the monoclonal antibody moiety of JNJ-69086420 targets and binds to hK2, thereby… |
Actinium Ac 225-DOTA-MTI-201 |
A radioconjugate composed of a melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSHR; melanocortin-1 receptor; MC1R; melanin-activating peptide receptor; melanotropin receptor)-targeting ligand conjugated to the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225-DOTA-MTI-201, MT-201 targets and binds to MC1R-expressing … |
Actinium Ac 225-FL-020 |
A radioconjugate composed of FL-020, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225-FL-020, FL-020 targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transmembrane prote… |
Actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434 |
A radioconjugate consisting of veligrotug, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) linked, via a bifunctional chelate, to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of actinium Ac 225-FPI-1434, the veligrotug moiety targets and binds to IGF-1R expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to IGF-1R-expressing t… |
Actinium Ac 225-PSMA-Trillium |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-trillium, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting small molecule that is linked to an albumin-binding moiety, and conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium Ac 225, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, actinium Ac 225-PSMA-trillium targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tu… |
Actinomycin C2 |
A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C2 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms including, intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II. In addition, actinomycin C2 appears to block the interaction between the SH2 domain of growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 (GRB2) and the Src homology 2 domain c… |
Actinomycin C3 |
A natural analogue of actinomycin, a chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterial genus Streptomyces. Actinomycin C3 inhibits DNA replication as well as RNA and protein synthesis by various mechanisms such as intercalating into the minor groove of DNA and interfering with the function of topoisomerase II. |
Actinomycin F1 |
A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Actinomycin F1 intercalates into the minor groove of DNA and binds to topoisomerase II, leading to the inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Activated Marrow Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cells, which consists of autologous marrow infiltrating lymphocytes (MILs), that are manipulated in vitro, with potential antitumor and immune stimulating activities. MILs are harvested from autologous bone marrow from multiple myeloma patients and, in vitro, are exposed to and activated by anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies covalently attached to super-paramagnetic microbeads. After removal of the beads and expansion of the cells in culture, the activated MILs (aMILs) … |
Activin Type 2B Receptor Fc Fusion Protein STM 434 |
A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of the activin receptor type 2B (ACVR2B or ActRIIB) fused to a human Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, STM 434 selectively binds to the growth factor activin A, thereby preventing its binding to and the activation of endogenous ActRIIB. This prevents activin A/ActRIIB-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of activin A-overexpressing tumor cells. Activin A, a member of the… |
Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Prodrug ABI-1968 |
A prodrug of an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, with potential anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrug ABI-1968 is taken up by viral-infected cells and converted to its active metabolite. The metabolite is incorporated into DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which results in the termination of DNA synthesis, inhibits viral replication and induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of susceptible virally-infected tumor cells. |
Acylfulvene-derived Prodrug LP-184 |
A tumor-site activated acylfulvene-derived prodrug and alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, acylfulvene-derived prodrug LP-184 becomes activated by prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1), an oxidoreductase that is specifically upregulated in certain tumor cell types. The active form of LP-184 covalently binds to and alkylates DNA at N3-adenine, thereby causing double strand breaks. As tumor cells often carry DNA damage repair (DDR) mutations and are theref… |
Ad5.SSTR/TK.RGD |
An RGD-4C-modified, infectivity-enhanced, bicistronic type 5 adenovirus expressing herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, a therapeutic suicide gene, and the somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Modification with the double cyclic peptide RGD-4C allows the virus to bind to cellular integrins, frequently expressed on the surfaces of ovarian cancer cells, instead of the coxsackie and adenovirus (CAR) receptor, which is often nonfunction… |
Ad5-CMV-NIS |
A recombinant type 5 adenovirus (Ad5), encoding the gene for the human sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) linked to the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, with potential gene transfection activity. Upon intratumoral injection, Ad5-CMV-NIS is taken up by tumor cells, resulting in the cellular expression of NIS. Subsequently, orally administered iodine 131 is taken up by NIS-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the selective accumulation of a cytotoxic dose of beta and gamma radiation in non-thy… |
Ad5F35-LMP1/LMP2-Transduced Autologous Dendritic Cells |
Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with the replication-deficient adenoviral vector Ad5F53 encoding the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transmembrane latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 (LMP1/LMP2) with potential immunostimulatory activity. Vaccination with Ad5F35-LMP1/LMP2-transduced autologous dendritic cells may stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against LMP1- and LMP2-expressing tumor positive cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell prolife… |
Ad5-SGE-REIC/Dkk-3 MTG-201 |
A replication incompetent adenoviral vector type 5 (Ad5) encoding the tumor suppressor gene dickkopf-3 (DKK3; reduced expression in immortalized cells; REIC; Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3), and containing the super gene expression (SGE) system, composed of the triple tandem enhancer sequences of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), simian virus 40 (SV40) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) in… |
Ad5-survivin-transduced Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are transduced with a replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 vector (Ad5) encoding a mutated form of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) survivin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Ad5-survivin-transduced autologous DC vaccine may elicit an immune response against cancer cells expressing survivin by activating cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs). This leads to an induction of c… |
Ad5-yCD/mutTK(SR39)rep-ADP |
A second generation, replication-competent adenovirus type 5 containing a yeast cytosine deaminase(yCD)/mutant sr39 herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase fusion (yCD/mutTKsr39) gene and the 11.6 kDa adenovirus death protein (ADP) gene with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intratumoral administration and transduction of Ad5-yCD/mutTK(SR39)rep-ADP into tumor cells and subsequent expression of cytosine deaminase and viral thymidine kinase, administered prodrugs 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and ganc… |
Ad5-yCD/mutTKSR39rep-hIL12 |
A replication-competent oncolytic adenovirus encoding the murine pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene and two suicide fusion genes, a yeast cytosine deaminase (yCD) and a mutant form of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-1 TKSR39), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of Ad5-yCD/mutTKSR39rep-hIL12, the adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which results in direct tumor cell lysis… |
Adagloxad Simolenin |
A carbohydrate-based immunostimulant comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) epitope linked to the immunostimulant carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of adagloxad simolenin, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. Globo H is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) commonly found on a v… |
Adagrasib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor that targets the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration adagrasib covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduct… |
Adakitug |
A human monoclonal antibody against the pro-inflammatory mediator interleukin-8 (IL-8; CXCL8), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, adakitug directly binds to IL-8, thereby inhibiting the binding of IL-8 to its receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. This inhibits activation of IL-8-mediated signaling transduction pathways, which decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Also, BMS-986253 effectively blocks binding of IL-8 to neutrophils and inhibits neutrophil activatio… |
Adavosertib |
A small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase WEE1 with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Adavosertib selectively targets and inhibits WEE1, a tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1, CDC2) to inactivate the CDC2/cyclin B complex. Inhibition of WEE1 activity prevents the phosphorylation of CDC2 and impairs the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. This may lead to apoptosis upon treatment with DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents. Unlike normal cells, most p53… |
AdC68 Expressing PSA/PSMA/PSCA Vaccine PF-06755992 |
A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus serotype-68 (AdC68) encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of AdC68 expressing PSA/PSMA/PSCA priming vaccine PF-06755992, the adenovirus infects and expresses PSA, PSMA and PSCA. T… |
Adebrelimab |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, adebrelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances th… |
Adecatumumab |
A recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential antitumor activity. Adecatumumab binds to EpCAM, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. EpCAM (CD326), a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of tumor cells; for some cancers, overexp… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist CS3005 |
An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist CS3005 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-ly… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist DZD2269 |
An immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist DZD2269 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stim… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist ILB2109 |
An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2AR antagonist ILB2109 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation o… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist JNJ-86974680 |
An immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist JNJ-86974680 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist NIR178 |
An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist NIR178 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-ly… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist TT-10 |
An immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist TT-10 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimul… |
Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonist/Phosphodiesterase 10A PBF-999 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE-10A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2A/PDE-10A inhibitor PBF-999 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphoc… |
Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist PBF-1129 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, A2BR antagonist PBF-1129 competes with adenosine for binding to A2BR expressed on various cancer cell types and numerous immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. This inhibits A2BR activity and prevents adenosine/A2BR-mediated sign… |
Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist TT-4 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2BR antagonist TT-4 competes with adenosine for binding to A2BR expressed on various cancer cell types and numerous immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes. This inhibits A2BR activity and prevents adenosine/A2BR-mediated sig… |
Adenosine A2B Receptor Antagonist TT-702 |
An orally bioavailable prodrug and selective antagonist of the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecule adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, A2BR antagonist TT-702 is converted to its active metabolite TT-478. TT-478 selectively binds to and blocks A2BR expressed on various cancer cell types and numerous immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, macrophages and lymphocytes… |
Adenosine Axis Inhibitor |
Any agent that inhibits the formation of adenosine. |
Adenosine Receptor A2A/A2B Antagonist M1069 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, adenosine A2A/A2B receptor antagonist M1069 competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intratumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes. T… |
Adenovector Encoding MDA7 |
A nonreplicating adenoviral vector (adenovector) encoding the melanoma differentiation-associated 7 gene (MDA7) with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection and adenovector-mediated gene transfer of MDA7 into tumor cells, the expressed MDA7 transgene may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis. |
Adenovector-transduced AP1903-inducible MyD88/CD40-expressing Autologous PSMA-specific Prostate Cancer Vaccine BPX-201 |
A genetically-modified, dendritic cell-based (DCs) vaccine in which the autologous cells are transduced with an adenoviral vector expressing the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and a fusion protein composed of synthetic ligand inducible adjuvant iMC composed of a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) and the adaptor protein MyD88, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The iCD40 contains a membrane-localized cytoplasmic CD40 domain … |
Adenoviral Brachyury Vaccine ETBX-051 |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human transcription factor brachyury encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral brachyury vaccine ETBX-051 expresses the brachyury protein. The expressed brachyury may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against … |
Adenoviral Cancer Vaccine PF-06936308 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective E1-deleted adenovirus vector based on chimpanzee adenovirus serotype 68 (AdC68) expressing three not yet disclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the adenoviral cancer vaccine PF-06936308, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TAAs. In turn, the TAAs activate the immune system to produce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells exp… |
Adenoviral MUC1 Vaccine ETBX-061 |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a replication-defective, serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the viral genes early 1 (E1), early 2b (E2b), and early 3 (E3) deleted, and the human glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) encoded, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the adenoviral MUC1 vaccine ETBX-061 expresses the MUC1 protein. The expressed MUC1 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expres… |
Adenoviral Transduced hIL-12-expressing Autologous Dendritic Cells INXN-3001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001 |
Autologous dendritic cells tranduced with a replication incompetent adenovirus encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-3001) in combination with the proprietary orally bioavailable, small molecule activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer INXN-1001. Upon intratumoral injectio… |
Adenoviral Tumor-specific Neoantigen Priming Vaccine GAd-209-FSP |
An off-the-shelf neoantigen priming vaccine comprised of a great ape adenovirus (GAd) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) r… |
Adenoviral Vector Ad5-CEA(6D) Vaccine |
A replication-defective, E1- and E2b-deleted oncolytic adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) encoding an epitope of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Adenoviral vector Ad5-CEA(6D) vaccine expresses a highly immunogenic analogue of CEA [CAP1-(6D)]. Upon administration, this vaccine may induce both humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing the CEA antigen, thereby resulting in the immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation … |
Adenoviral Vector Encoding VEGF-C LX-1101 |
A genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus carrying the gene encoding for the human vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC; VEGF-C; Flt4 ligand), with potential pro-angiogenic activity. Upon perinodal administration of the AdAptVEGF-C adenoviral vector LX-1101, the adenovirus infects cells and promotes expression of VEGF-C. In turn, VEGF-C induces vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation locally, and may help re-grow the lymphatic system and improve symptoms … |
Adenovirus 5 CEA/MUC1/Brachyury Vaccine Tri-Ad5 |
A combination of three therapeutic cancer vaccines each containing a replication-defective, oncolytic adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) and each encoding a different tumor-associated antigen (TAA): human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), human glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1), and human transcription factor brachyury, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the Ad5 CEA/MUC1/brachyury vaccine Tri-Ad5 expresses the CEA, MUC1 and brachyury proteins. T… |
Adenovirus 5/F35-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE |
A recombinant adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) in which the Ad5-based vector fiber is replaced by the fiber from the human B adenovirus serotype 35 (F35), encoding for the human guanylyl cyclase C (hGCC), and fused to the synthetic Pan DR epitope (PADRE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the Ad5/F35-hGCC-PADRE, the Ad5/F35 targets CD46, which is expressed widely on most tumor cells, and the virus is taken up by cells. Once inside t… |
Adenovirus 5-Human Guanylyl Cyclase C-PADRE Vaccine |
A replication-defective, recombinant adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) encoding human guanylyl cyclase C (hGCC) and the synthetic Pan DR epitope (PADRE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the Ad5-hGCC-PADRE vaccine expresses hGCC, which may induce both humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing the hGCC antigen. This results in the immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and leads to tumor deat… |
Adenovirus B7-1 |
A gene-viral vector complex comprised of an adenovirus vector and B7-1 gene targeting the CD80 antigen. Adenovirus B7-1 is used as a component in antineoplastic vaccines to elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response. (NCI04) |
Adenovirus Encoding Rat HER-2/neu |
A replication-defective oncolytic adenovirus, encoding rat Her-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, adenovirus encoding rat HER-2/neu may induce an immune response against tumor cells expressing the HER-2/neu antigen, which may result in the immune-mediated inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Her-2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpress… |
Adenovirus Encoding Recombinant Human Endostatin |
A replication-defective, recombinant oncolytic adenovirus encoding human endostatin with potential antineoplastic activity. Endostatin, a 20 kDa C-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, is an important angiogenesis inhibitor. Upon intratumoral administration, the adenovirus infects and replicates in tumor cells. The expressed endostatin may inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis which may result in a reduction of tumor growth. |
Adenovirus Encoding Tyrosinase/MART-1/MAGEA6-transduced Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a recombinant adenoviral vector encoding three full length human melanoma associated antigens (MAAs), tyrosinase, melan-A (MART-1) and the melanoma antigen A6 (MAGEA6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration, adenovirus encoding tyrosinase/MART-1/MAGEA6-transduced autologous DC vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tyrosinase/MART-1/MAGEA6-p… |
Adenovirus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus encoding inactive, mutant forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) transforming proteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of adenovirus expressing mutant HPV E6/E7, the adenovirus infects and expresses the E6 and E7 proteins. The expressed E6 and E7 proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response agains… |
Adenovirus HER2-Transduced Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a replication-deficient adenovirus vector encoding HER-2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, adenovirus HER2-transduced autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER-2-positive tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth. HER-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) (also … |
Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV16 Vaccine JNJ-63682918 |
A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918, the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV16. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HP… |
Adenovirus Serotype 26-expressing HPV18 Vaccine JNJ-63682931 |
A prime cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of Ad26-expressing HPV18 vaccine JNJ-63682931, the adenovirus infects and expresses HPV18. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HP… |
Adenovirus-Encoding E.coli PNP |
A replication-incompetent adenovirus encoding E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase (Ad/PNP) used as a prodrug activating agent. Administered intratumorally, Ad/PNP expresses the enzyme PNP, which may catalyze systematically administrated fludarabine phosphate prodrug into its active form 2-fluoroadenine (F-Ade). F-Ade inhibits DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth. Localized prodrug activation pro… |
Adenovirus-expressing TLR5/TLR5 Agonist Nanoformulation M-VM3 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation containing a recombinant non-replicating adenovirus (Ad) encoding toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and its specific ligand protein 502S, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the Ad preferentially and specifically infects cells expressing the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), which is highly expressed in certain human tumors, and expresses both TLR5 and a specific agonistic ligand in the same cell. 502S bind… |
Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 |
A replication incompetent adenovirus encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (Ad.hIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. Synergistically, IL-12 expressed by the adenovirus may activate the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NKs), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma an… |
Adenovirus-mediated Human Interleukin-12 INXN-2001 Plus Activator Ligand INXN-1001 |
A replication incompetent adenovirus encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INXN-2001) in combination with the proprietary activator ligand INXN-1001, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Production of IL-12 is controlled by an inducible DNA element that allows transcription initiation only in the presence of the ligand inducer. Upon intratumoral administration of INXN-2001 and oral administration of INXN-1001, INXN-1001 is able to induc… |
Adenovirus-p53 Transduced Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a recombinant adenovirus encoding p53 peptide, with potential immunomodulating activity. Intradermal vaccination with adenoviral-p53 transduced dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing mutant p53, resulting in tumor cell lysis. p53, a tumor suppressor gene, is mutated in many tumor cells, resulting in the loss of apo… |
Adenovirus-PSA Prostate Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine composed of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient type 5 adenovirus carrying the human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with the adenovirus-PSA prostate cancer vaccine, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses PSA. In turn, PSA may activate the immune system and may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. PSA, a tumor associated antige… |
Aderbasib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) family of multifunctional membrane-bound proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Aderbasib represses the metalloproteinase ‘sheddase’ activities of ADAM10 and ADAM17, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The metalloproteinase domains of ADAMs cleave cell surface proteins at extracellular sites proximal to the cell membrane, releasing or “shedding” soluble protein etcodomains … |
AdGMCAIX-transduced Autologous Dendritic Cells |
Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a recombinant, replication-defective adenoviral vector expressing the fusion gene granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA-IX or CA9) (GMCA-9), with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous DCs are transduced ex vivo and express the GMCA-9 fusion protein on the cell surface. Upon intradermal administration of the AdGMCAIX-transduced autologous DCs back into the patient, the DCs activate … |
ADH-1 |
A small, cyclic pentapeptide vascular-targeting agent with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. ADH-1 selectively and competitively binds to and blocks N-cadherin, which may result in disruption of tumor vasculature, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and the induction of tumor cell and endothelial cell apoptosis. N-cadherin, a cell- surface transmembrane glycoprotein of the cadherin superfamily of proteins involved in calcium-mediated cell-cell adhesion and signaling mechani… |
Ad-hCMV-Flt3L |
A human serotype 5, replication-defective, first generation adenoviral vector, with the viral E1a and E3 protein encoding regions deleted, which is engineered to express the soluble, immune-mediated stimulatory gene human fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), under the transcriptional control of the CMV promoter, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, Ad-hCMV-Flt3L is transduced into tumor cells and Flt3L is expressed. Flt3L stimulates both the proliferation of d… |
Ad-hCMV-TK |
A human serotype 5, replication-defective, first generation adenoviral vector, with the viral E1a and E3 protein encoding regions deleted, which is engineered to express the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene under the transcriptional control of the CMV promoter. This agent, when administered in conjunction with a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration into the peritumoral region after tumor resection, adenoviral… |
Ad-ISF35 |
A replication-defective adenovirus vector (Ad-ISF35), which encodes a membrane-stabilized, chimeric human-mouse CD40 binding protein (CD40 ligand; CD40L; CD154), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, Ad-ISF135 preferentially transduces tumor cells and immunoregulatory cells in the tumor microenvironment. This increases the expression of CD154 in tumor cells, activates CD40 and stimulates signaling and immunoactivation, which are both … |
Ad-RTS-hIL-12 |
An inducible adenoviral vector encoding human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12; IL12), which is under the transcriptional control of the RheoSwitch Therapeutic System (RTS) (Ad-RTS-hIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. RTS consists of two fusion proteins: Gal4-EcR, which contains a modified ecdysone receptor (EcR) fused with the DNA binding domain of the yeast Gal4 transcription factor, and VP16-RXR, which contains a chimeric retinoid X recepto… |
AdRTVP-1-Transduced Prostate Cancer Cell-Based Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine comprised of prostate cancer cells transduced with an adenoviral vector encoding human RTVP-1 (AdRTVP-1), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. RTVP-1, also referred to as glioma pathogenesis-related protein 1 (GLIP1), is down-regulated in prostate tumors. Regulated by tumor suppressor p53, the expression of RTVP-1 functions as a tumor suppressor, and is abundant in normal human prostate epithelial cells as well as in differentiated macrophages. … |
Ad-sig-hMUC-1/ecdCD40L Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant adenoviral vector encoding the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human MUC-1 (hMUC-1) linked to the extracellular domain (ecd) of the co-stimulatory molecule CD40 ligand (CD40L) and an adenovirus signal sequence that encodes a secretory signal peptide (Ad-sig) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Due to the presence of the secretory signal peptide expressed by Ad-sig in the vaccine construct, transfected cells may secrete a … |
AE37 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine |
A vaccine containing HER2/Neu-derived epitope (amino acids 776-790) linked to li-Key peptide (li-Key/HER2/neu hybrid peptide or AE37), and combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunoadjuvant activities. Upon vaccination, AE37 may activate the immune system and stimulate T-helper cells against HER2/Neu expressing cancer cells. GM-CSF may potentiate the immune response against cancer cells expressing the HER2/Neu antigen. The… |
Aerosol Gemcitabine |
An aerosol inhalation formulation containing gemcitabine (GCB), a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation via a nebulizer, GCB is converted intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to its active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine … |
Aerosolized Aldesleukin |
An aerosol formulation of aldesleukin, a recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon IL-2 inhalation, this cytokine activates lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cells, and induces expression of cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma and transforming growth factor-beta. This may eventually halt tumor cell growth. Localized administration of IL-2 may decrease toxicity and increase efficacy. |
Aerosolized Liposomal Rubitecan |
An aerosolized liposomal preparation of rubitecan, a water-insoluble derivative of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. Rubitecan (or 9-nitro-20 (S)-camptothecin) and its active metabolite 9-aminocamptothecin (9-AC) selectively stabilize topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machine… |
Afamitresgene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding an affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted peptide human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) C1032, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, afamitresgene autoleucel targets and binds to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This r… |
Afatinib |
An orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (L858R) mutations. This may result in … |
Afatinib Dimaleate |
The dimaleate salt form of afatinib, an orally bioavailable anilino-quinazoline derivative and inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, afatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4), and certain EGFR mutants, including those caused by EGFR exon 19 deletion mutations or exon 21 (… |
Afeletecan Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of afeletecan, a water-soluble camptothecin derivative conjugated to a carbohydrate moiety exhibiting antineoplastic activity. Afeletecan stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA rep… |
Afimoxifene |
A tamoxifen metabolite with both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. Afimoxifene has a higher affinity for the estrogen receptor than tamoxifen, and functions as an antagonist in breast cancer cells. |
AFP Gene Hepatocellular Carcinoma Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine composed of naked plasmid DNA of the gene for the tumor-associated antigen alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a macromolecule that acts as a specific immunologic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. This agent exerts an antitumor effect by inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocytes to attack AFP-expressing tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Afuresertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a varie… |
Agaricus blazei Murill Extract |
A dietary supplement containing an extract of the Basidiomycete fungus Agaricus blazei Murill with potential chemopreventive, antineoplastic and immunopotentiating activities. Agaricus blazei Murill extract contains high levels of phytochemicals, especially beta-D-glucans. Beta-D-glucans may promote dendritic cell (DC) maturation; increase interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and immunoglobulin levels; and may enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity, potenti… |
Agatolimod Sodium |
The tricosasodium salt of a synthetic 24-mer oligonucleotide containing 3 CpG motifs with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activity. Agatolimod selectively targets Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), thereby activating dendritic and B cells and stimulating cytotoxic T cell and antibody responses against tumor cells bearing tumor antigens. |
Agerafenib |
An orally available v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (B-raf) serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Agerafenib specifically and selectively inhibits the activity of the mutated form (V600E) of B-raf kinase. This inhibits the activation of the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells expressing the mutated… |
Aglatimagene Besadenovec |
An adenoviral vector engineered to express the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, which, when administered in conjunction with a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue, possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Aglatimagene besadenovec is transduced into tumor cells, sensitizing tumor cells that overexpress HSV-tk to synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues. Subsequently, a low dose of a synthetic acyclic guanosine analogue such as valacyclovir (VCV) or ganciclovir (GCV) is gi… |
Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN01949 |
An agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, agonistic anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody INCAGN01949 selectively binds to and activates OX40 on activated T-cells, thereby potentiating T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. OX40 activation inhibits regulatory T-cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of effector T-cells, induces the prolifera… |
Agonistic Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI6469 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody MEDI6469 selectively binds to and activates OX40. OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and membe… |
AhR Inhibitor DA-4505 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR inhibitor DA-4505 specifically targets and binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, prevents AhR-mediated signaling, and AhR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory… |
AIM2(-1)/HT001(-1)/TAF1B(-1) Frameshift Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing the three frame shift peptides (FSP) AIM2(-1), HT001(-1) and TAF1B(-1), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, the AIM2(-1)/HT001(-1)/TAF1B(-1) FSP vaccine may induce an immune response against microsatellite instability (MSI) colorectal cancer-associated antigens. Frame shift mutations of AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2, an interferon-inducible protein), HT001 (asteroid homolog 1 or ASTE1, with an unknown function) and TAF1B (TATA box-binding pr… |
AKR1C3-activated Prodrug AST-3424 |
A small-molecule nitro-benzene, aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3)-activated prodrug of N,N’-bisethylenephosphoramidate, a DNA bis-alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AKR1C3-activated prodrug AST-3424 is converted to its active form by AKR1C3, which is upregulated in certain tumor cell types while not expressed in normal healthy cells. The active metabolite selectively binds to and alkylates DNA in AKR1C3-overexpressing tumor cells, resulti… |
AKT 1/2 Inhibitor BAY1125976 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) isoforms 1 and 2 (AKT1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. AKT1/2 inhibitor BAY1125976 selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation and activity of AKT1/2 in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. This may lead to both the reduction of cell proliferation and the … |
Akt Inhibitor LY2780301 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor LY2780301 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby leading to inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may c… |
Akt Inhibitor MK2206 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt inhibitor MK2206 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt… |
Akt Inhibitor NTQ1062 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Akt inhibitor NTQ1062 targets, competitively binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with… |
Akt Inhibitor SR13668 |
An orally bioavailable indole-3-carbinol (I3C) analogue inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Akt inhibitor SR13668 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated… |
AKT/RSK/S6K Inhibitor TAS0612 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinases AKT (protein kinase B), 90S ribosome S6 kinase (p90RSK; RSK) and 70S ribosome S6 kinase (p70S6K; S6K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AKT/RSK/S6K inhibitor TAS0612 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of AKT, p90RSK and p70S6K. This inhibits both the AKT/mTOR/p70S6K and RAS/RAF/MEK/p90RSK signaling pathways and prevents the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and activation of the t… |
Akt-1 Antisense Oligonucleotide WGI-0301 |
A lipid nanoparticle preparation of archexin, a 20-mer antisense (AS) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against the proto-oncogene Akt, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of AS ODN WGI-0301, archexin binds to Akt-1 mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of Akt-1 expression may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells in which Akt-1 is ov… |
AKT1 E17K Inhibitor ALTA2618 |
An orally bioavailable covalent inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1) isoform 1 mutation AKT1 E17K, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AKT1 E17K inhibitor ALTA2618 targets, allosterically binds to and inhibits AKT1 E17K. This may inhibit growth of and induce apoptosis in AKT1 E17K-driven cancers. AKT1 E17K, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, drives cancer cell prolifer… |
Akt-1/2 Inhibitor-treated Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
Autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) harvested directly from the infiltrate of a patient’s tumor and treated with an inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinases Akt-1 and -2 (Akti-1/2) during ex vivo expansion, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the Akti-1/2-treated TILs recognize and kill cancer cells. Akt inhibition promotes the immunologic memory of the TILs and enhances their expansion, in vivo long-term persistence and antitumor activity. |
Alacizumab Pegol |
A pegylated, cross-linked, humanized divalent-Fab’ antibody fragment directed against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Alacizumab pegol binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Multivalent Fab’ antibody fragments may exhibit improved retention and internalization properties compared to their parent IgGs. |
Alanosine |
An amino acid analogue and antibiotic derived from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus with antimetabolite and potential antineoplastic activities. L-alanosine inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase, which converts inosine monophospate (IMP) into adenylosuccinate, an intermediate in purine metabolism. L-alanosine-induced disruption of de novo purine biosynthesis is potentiated by methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency. The clinical use of this agent may be limited by its toxici… |
Albumin-binding Cisplatin Prodrug BTP-114 |
A proprietary, albumin-binding platinum (Pt)-based complex containing a prodrug form of the platinum compound cisplatin and a maleimide moiety, with an ability to strongly and selectively bind human serum albumin (HSA), and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the maleimide group of BTP-114 rapidly conjugates with HSA in the bloodstream; this prolongs the blood circulation, enhances the half-life, and alters the biodistribution of BTP-114, as compared to c… |
ALC1 Inhibitor EIS-12656 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the chromatin remodeling enzyme chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1-like (CHD1L; amplified in liver cancer 1; ALC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALC1 inhibitor EIS-12656 selectively targets, allosterically binds to and inhibits the activity of ALC1, thereby preventing ALC1/poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-mediated repair of DNA breaks in tumor cells. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand brea… |
Alcestobart |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, alcestobart targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the ne… |
Aldastotug |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the immune checkpoint molecule sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15; SIGLEC15; S15; CD33L3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, aldastotug targets and binds to S15 on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and certain tumor cells. Binding to S15 may disrupt TAM-mediated activities such as promotion of tumor initiation and metastasis … |
Aldesleukin |
A recombinant analog of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Aldesleukin binds to and activates the IL-2 receptor, followed by heterodimerization of the cytoplasmic domains of the IL-2R beta and gamma(c) chains; activation of the tyrosine kinase Jak3; and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the IL-2R beta chain, resulting in an activated receptor complex. Various cytoplasmic signaling molecules are recruited to the activated rec… |
ALDH Inhibitor NYH817G and Mitochondrial Complex 1 Inhibitor NYH100P |
An orally bioavailable combination agent composed of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor NYH817G and the mitochondrial complex 1 (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) inhibitor NYH100P, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of ALDH inhibitor NYH817G and mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor NYH100P, NYH817G targets and binds to ALDH, and prevents the formation of NADH. It also inhibits lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A), thereby preventing lactate formation from pyruvat… |
ALDH1/3 Inhibitor ABD-3001 |
A suicidal inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenases 1 (ALDH1) and 3 (ALDH3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALDH1/3 inhibitor ABD-3001 targets, binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of ALDH1 and ALDH3. This results in the accumulation of reactive aldehydes in tumor cells, which interferes with oncogenic signaling pathways and tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the inhibition of ALDH1 and ALDH3 disrupts glutathione redox balance in tumor cells, leading t… |
Aldoxorubicin |
A 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazone derivative prodrug of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOXO-EMCH) with antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, aldoxorubicin binds selectively to the cysteine-34 position of albumin via its maleimide moiety. Doxorubicin is released from the albumin carrier after cleavage of the acid-sensitive hydrazone linker within the acidic environment of tumors and, once located intracellularly, intercalates DNA, inhibits DNA synthesis, and in… |
Alectinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alectinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins as well as the gatekeeper mutation ALKL1196M known as one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to small-molecule kinase inhibitors. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs t… |
Alefacept |
A recombinant dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular CD2-binding domain of the human leukocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3; CD58) linked to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential immunosuppressive activity. Alefacept binds to the CD2 receptor expressed on the majority of T lymphocytes, blocking the binding of endogenous LFA-3, located on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), to the CD2 receptor; the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes in … |
Alemtuzumab |
A recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein, CD52. Alemtuzumab is an IgG1 kappa with human variable framework and constant regions, and complementarity-determining regions derived from a rat monoclonal antibody. This agent selectively binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD52 + cells. CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of essentially all normal and malignant B and T cells, a ma… |
Alestramustine |
The l-alanine ester form of estramustine, a combination of the nitrogen mustard normustine coupled via a carbamate to estradiol, with antineoplastic activity. Upon conversion of alestramustine to estramustine, estramustine binds to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and beta tubulin, thereby interfering with microtubule dynamics and leading to microtubule disassembly and cell cycle arrest. Due to the estrogen moiety, this agent is able to selectively bind to and be taken up by estrogen re… |
Alextatug |
An engineered, human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, alextatug targets and binds to its RNP complex antigen on tumor cells. This may activate the innate immune system, change the local tumor microenvironment (TME) and promote T cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. The tumor-restricted RNP complex is expressed in a variety of tumor cells. |
Alflutinib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of alflutinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alflutinib specifically binds to and inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation. This prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in … |
Algenpantucel-L |
A cancer vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic pancreatic cancer cells transfected to express murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination is associated with the expression of murine alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate residues on cell membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids of the vaccine pancreatic cancer cell allograft; murine alpha-gal epitopes, not present on human cells, then induce a hyperacute rejection of the vaccine pancreatic c… |
Alintegimod |
An orally bioavailable, allosteric, small molecule activator of integrin cell adhesion receptors very late antigen-4 (VLA-4; integrin alpha4/beta1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1; integrin alphaL/beta2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, alintegimod activates VLA-4 and LFA-1 expressed on the surface of leukocytes, thereby promoting the VLA-4- and LFA-1-mediated adhesion of leukocytes to counter-receptors vascular cell… |
Alisertib |
A second-generation, orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Alisertib binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A kinase localizes to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules during mitosis, and is thought to reg… |
Alitretinoin |
An orally- and topically-active naturally-occurring retinoic acid with antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic, and embryotoxic activities. Alitretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and retinoid X receptors (RXR); these activated receptors act as transcription factors, regulating gene expression that results in the inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal cells and tumor cells. |
ALK Inhibitor ASP3026 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP3026 binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in ner… |
ALK Inhibitor NVL-655 |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALK inhibitor NVL-655 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits ALK fusion proteins and activating mutations, including the acquired resistance mutations solvent front mutation (SFM) G1202R and the compound mutations G1202R/L1196M and G1202R/G1269A. The inhibition of ALK leads to … |
ALK Inhibitor PLB 1003 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PLB1003 selectively binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in n… |
ALK Inhibitor TAE684 |
A small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAE684 binds to and inhibits ALK and NPM-ALK tyrosine kinases, which leads to a disruption of ALK- and NPM-ALK mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and NPM-ALK overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an… |
ALK Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine directed against the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ALK peptide vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a variety of tumor cell types. |
ALK/c-Met Inhibitor TQ-B3139 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TQ-B3139 binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. ALK and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell ty… |
ALK/FAK/Pyk2 Inhibitor CT-707 |
An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/FAK/Pyk2 inhibitor CT-707 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK , FAK and Pyk2. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- , FAK- and Pyk2-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-, FAK- and Pyk2-overexpressing tumor ce… |
ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor XZP-3621 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ALK/ROS1 inhibitor XZP-3621 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and ROS1, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important ro… |
ALK/TRK Inhibitor TSR-011 |
An orally available inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the tropomyosin-related kinases (TRK) TRKA, TRKB, and TRKC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/TRK inhibitor TSR-011 binds to and inhibits both ALK and TRK kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and TRK-mediated signaling and impedes tumor cell growth in ALK/TRK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays a… |
ALK-FAK Inhibitor CEP-37440 |
An orally available dual kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK-FAK inhibitor CEP-37440 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and FAK kinase. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and FAK-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and FAK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin recep… |
Alkotinib |
An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alkotinib binds to and inhibits the wild-type, point mutations and fusion proteins of ALK and ROS1. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells which these kinases are overexpressed, rear… |
Alkylglycerol/Rosemary Capsules |
An orally available capsule containing alkylglycerols and Rosmarinus officinalis extracts standardized to diterpenes, including carnosic acid and carnosol, with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, carnosic acid and carnosol may induce apoptosis by decreasing apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, decrease tumor cell growth through inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, and inhibit metastatic activity b… |
Allitinib |
An orally bioavailable and irreversible inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (EGFR; ErbB1) and 2 (ErbB2; HER2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, allitinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of both EGFR and HER2, which prevents signaling mediated by EGFR and HER2. This may inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis in tumor cells overexpressing these RTKs. EGFR and HER2 are RTKs th… |
Allodepleted T Cell Immunotherapeutic ATIR101 |
A cell-based immunotherapeutic product containing T-lymphocyte-enriched leukocytes that are devoid of alloreactive T-lymphocytes, that can potentially be used to restore lymphocyte levels after stem cell transplantations and are derived from partially matched (haploidentical) family donors for blood cancer patients who do not have a matching stem cell donor available. Host alloreactive T-cells, which can cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), are eliminated from the donor lymphocytes ex vivo… |
Allogeneic AML Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of allogeneic, immortalized dendritic precursor cells derived from a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon ex vivo stimulation and expansion of the precursor cells into mature, fully functional dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent administration, the allogeneic AML antigen-expressing DC vaccine may elicit a potent cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) and antibody response against AML antigen-expressing… |
Allogeneic Anti-B7-H3 CAR Gamma Delta T-cells QH104 |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) and that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-B7-H3 CAR gamma delta T-cells QH104 target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, thereby induci… |
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells ALLO-605 |
A preparation of allogeneic, transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and engineered to express a constitutively active chimeric cytokine receptor (CACCR), with potential immunostimulating and antineop… |
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells P-BCMA-ALLO1 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation composed of human allogeneic T-cells and containing primarily stem cell memory T-cells (Tscm) that are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac; PB) encoding for an undisclosed drug selection gene encoding for a selectable marker to generate close to 100% CAR-based product, a caspase-based safety switch to reduce or eliminate the product in vivo if needed, and a B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor nec… |
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells ALLO-715 |
A preparation of allogeneic, ‘off-the-shelf’ (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a monoclonal antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immu… |
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting both the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-BCMA/CS1 bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CS1 and induce … |
Allogeneic Anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-BCMA-CAR T-cells PBCAR269A specifically recognize and kill BCM… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD123 CAR-NK Cells JD123 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS), allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (IL3RA; cluster of differentiation 123; CD123), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD123 CAR-NK cells JD123 recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123 is normally … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR Double-negative T Cells RJMty19 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) cell preparation composed of healthy, donor-derived CD4 and CD8 double-negative T-lymphocytes (DNTs) that are transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a humanized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR DNTs RJMty19 specifically targets and binds to tumor cells expressing CD19. This induces selective toxi… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ATA3219 |
A preparation of allogeneic human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-sensitized T-lymphocytes that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with a modified CD3zeta signaling domain 1xx, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ATA3219 recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxici… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells PBCAR19B |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19), a single short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that disrupts the expression of beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) component of the class 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, and a HLA-E gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR-gamma/delta T-cells QH103 |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) and that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR-gamma/delta T-cells QH103 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. Ga… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells QN-019a |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR-NK cells QN-019a recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage maligna… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Gamma-delta CAR-T Cells UTAA09 |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) and that are transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 gamma-delta CAR-T cells UTAA09 specifically target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD19, thereby inducing selective toxi… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 T-cells ThisCART19A |
A preparation of allogeneic engineered T-lymphocytes expressing a lentiviral vector encoding chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and an anti-CD3 single chain antibody with the KDEL peptide fused to its C-terminus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 CAR T-cells ThisCART19A specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tum… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19 Universal CAR-T Cells CTA101 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19 universal CAR-T cells CTA101 specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpr… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-BBz T-cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a bivalent lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD22, linked to the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-BBz T-cells bind to and induce selective … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD19-CAR-CD28-IL-15-expressing Natural Killer T-cells |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer T-lymphocytes (NKTs) that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, interleukin 15 (IL-15) and the costimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD19-CAR-CD28-IL-15-expressing NKTs target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T Cells LUCAR-20SP |
A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20SP specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen ex… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S |
A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20 CAR T-cells LUCAR-20S specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD20/CD22 Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART20x22 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain (TRAC) and CD52 genes are inactivated. Upon administr… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), T-lymphocytes, derived from healthy donors, that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic endonuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD20-CAR T-cells PBCAR20A specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor ce… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD30 CAR-Epstein-Barr Virus-specific T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic human Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T-lymphocytes (EBVSTs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) recognizing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 30 (CD30), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD30 CAR-EBVSTs specifically recognize and bind to CD30-expressing EBV-infected tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell su… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD33 CAR NK Cells |
A preparation of off-the-shelf natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33) antigen, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD33 CAR NK cells target and bind to CD33 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing CD33. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD33 CAR T-cells VCAR33 |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes, derived from the same matched healthy donor who provided a stem cell transplant and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD33 CAR T-cells VCAR33 specifically recognize and kill CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD33 CAR-NK Cells QN-023a |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS), allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells, derived from genetically engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33), and containing a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) to enhance antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), an interleukin-15 (IL-15) molecule to increase the … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD38 DAR-T Cells STI-1492 |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes that are gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt the expression of endogenous T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and to express a dimeric antigen receptor (DAR) composed of a fragment antigen-binding variable region (Fab) recognizing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and t… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD5 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for CD5, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD5 CAR T cells target and bind to CD5-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective cytotoxicity in CD5-expressing tumor cells. CD5 is a T-cell surface glycoprotein expressed on the surface of normal T-cells and overexpressed on various B- and T-… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD5 CAR-CD28zeta T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified allogeneic T-cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5) and linked to the co-stimulatory signaling domains CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD5 CAR-CD28zeta T-lymphocytes target and bind to CD5-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective cytotoxicity … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD5-IL-15/IL-15sushi-safety Switch CAR T Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a humanized anti-CD5 single chain variable fragment (scFv) domain linked to a interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15sushi domain and a safety switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD5-IL-15/IL-15sushi-safety switch CAR T cells target and bind to CD5-expressing tumor cells, thereby i… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR T cells specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells 4SCAR7U |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR T cells 4SCAR7U specifically target and kill CD7-expressing tumor cells. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells and their precursors. It … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD7 CAR-T Cells BEAM-201 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been multiplex base-edited and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR-T cells BEAM-201 specifically target and kill CD7-expressing tumor cells. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural k… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD7 CAR-T Cells WU-CART-007 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR-T cells WU-CART-007 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glyco… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD70 CAR/dnTGF-BRII-expressing Gamma Delta T-cells ADI-270 |
A preparation of allogeneic Vdelta1 gamma delta T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70) and a dominant negative (dn) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor II (dnTGF-BRII), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-CD70 CAR/dnTGF-BRII-expressing gamma delta T-cells ADI-270 recognize and bind … |
Allogeneic Anti-CD70-CAR T-cells ALLO-316 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes obtained from healthy donors that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70) and gene-edited with transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) to inactivate the endogenous T-cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) and CD52 loci, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction int… |
Allogeneic Anti-CD70-CAR-IL-15-transduced Cord Blood-derived Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic, umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer cells (NKs) that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-CD70-CAR-IL-15-transduced CB-derived NK cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD70-expressi… |
Allogeneic Anti-HA-1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-100 |
A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for HLA-A02:01-restricted minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1 (HA1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following allogeneic haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in HLA-A02:01 positive patients, allogeneic anti-HA-1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-100 specifically recognize and bind to HA-1 expressed on tumor cells. This m… |
Allogeneic Anti-HA-2 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-101 |
A preparation of donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for HLA-A02:01-restricted minor histocompatibility antigen HA-2 (HA2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following allogeneic haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in HLA-A02:01 positive patients, allogeneic anti-HA-2 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-101 specifically recognize and bind to HA-2 expressed on tumor cells. This m… |
Allogeneic Anti-HER2 CAR-NK Cells AB-201 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), natural killer (NK) cells derived from cord blood (CB), ex vivo expanded and genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-HER2 CAR-NK cells AB-201 recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in HER2-express… |
Allogeneic Anti-interleukin-13 Receptor Alpha 2 Universal CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic anti-IL13Ra2 UCAR-T cells target and bind to IL13Ra2 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing IL13Ra2. IL13Ra2, a cancer-associated receptor, is overexpres… |
Allogeneic Anti-NY-ESO-1-TCR-IL-15-transduced Cord Blood-derived Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic, umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer cells (NKs) that have been engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic anti-NY-ESO-1-TCR-IL-15-transduced CB-derived NKs target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cell… |
Allogeneic Autophagosome-enriched Vaccine DPV-001 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) autophagosome-enriched tumor vaccine composed of dendritic cell (DC)-targeting microvesicles containing short lived proteins (SLiPs) and defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) derived from tumor cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The DriPs- and SLiPs-filled autophagosome microvesicles are made by treating two human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, UbiLT3 (non-specific histopathology) and UbiLT6 (adenocarcinoma-like) with b… |
Allogeneic B7.1/HLA-A1 Transfected Tumor Cell Vaccine |
An allogeneic whole cell vaccine, derived from irradiated allogenic tumor cells manipulated to express human B7.1 (CD80 antigen) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A1, with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination with allogeneic B7.1/HLA-A1 transfected tumor cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against similar host tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation. |
Allogeneic Calibrated Release IL-15-expressing Logic-Gated Gene Circuit Anti-CD33/FLT3 CAR-NK Cells SENTI-202 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express three chimeric proteins: 1) a bivalent activating chimeric antigen receptor (aCAR), controlled by OR logic gated gene circuit, specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33) and FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; FLT3; FLT-3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; FLK2) (CD33 OR FLT3 (OR GATE) aCAR), 2) an inhibitory CAR (iCAR) recognizing endomucin (EMCN)… |
Allogeneic CAR T Cells CT0594CP |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic CAR T cells CT0594CP specifically targets and binds to tumor cells that express the undisclosed TAAs, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Allogeneic CAR-T Cells |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes engineered to contain one or more chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that specifically target one or more specific antigen(s). |
Allogeneic CD123CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified allogeneic T-cells transduced with a replication-incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), comprised of a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to CD3 zeta, the single-chain variable fragment of CD123 antigen (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic … |
Allogeneic CD123-specific Universal CAR123-expressing T-lymphocytes |
Allogeneic, off-the-shelf, universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (IL3RA; cluster of differentiation 123; CD123), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion of allogeneic CD123-specific universal CAR123-expressing T-lymphocytes (UCART123), t… |
Allogeneic CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells CYNK-101 |
A population of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from human placental hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) expressing the CD34 surface antigen, and engineered to express a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon infusion of CYNK-101, the allogeneic CD16-expressing NK cells bind to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal antibodies that were administered as induc… |
Allogeneic CD19/CD20-specific CAR-T Cells P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes containing primarily stem cell memory T-cells (Tscm) that have been genetically modified to express two chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic CD19/CD20-specific CAR-T cells P-CD19CD20-ALLO1 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CD19- and/or CD20-expressing… |
Allogeneic CD19-CAR CD45RA-negative T-cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes, depleted of CD45RA-positive cells, that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain (4-1BBz), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. CD45RA depletion results in a cellular product that contains a high amount of memo… |
Allogeneic CD19CAR-CD28-CD3-zeta-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic, donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (19-28z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon admi… |
Allogeneic CD19CAR-transfected Cytokine-induced Killer Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon, CD19CAR (CARCIK-CD19), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. CIK cells are CD3- and CD56-positive, non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, natural killer (NK)-like T-lymphocytes. Upon infusion following an allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the CARCIK-CD19 cells bind to CD19-expr… |
Allogeneic CD19-OX40-CD3zeta-CAR-mbIL-15-expressing Natural Killer Cells NKX019 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS), allogeneic and ex vivo expanded natural killer cells (NKs) that are engineered to express membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that is coupled to the co-stimulatory domain of OX40 (CD134), and to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of allogeneic CD19-OX40-CD3zeta-CAR-mbIL… |
Allogeneic CD19-specific CAR-modified CD8 Plus Central Memory-derived Virus-specific T Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)- and human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+ central memory-derived T effector-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) anti-CD19/CD3 zeta chain fusion protein coupled to the intracellular signal domain of CD28 antigen, with potential immunostimulating, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, allogeneic CD19-specific CAR-modified CD8+ central memory-derived virus-specifi… |
Allogeneic CD19-specific Universal CAR19-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic, frozen, ‘off-the-shelf’, universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and containing a RQR8 transgene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain and CD52 genes are deleted from the CAR19 T-cells. Upon infusion, allogeneic universa… |
Allogeneic CD20 CAR-grafted Gamma Delta T-cells ADI-001 |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) and that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic CD20 CAR-grafted gamma delta T-cells ADI-001 specifically target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD20. This induces secreti… |
Allogeneic CD22-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human CD22 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, allogeneic CD22-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCART22 express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD22 a… |
Allogeneic CD3- CD19- CD57+ NKG2C+ NK Cells FATE-NK100 |
A preparation of pharmacologically-enriched, allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from a related but not completely matched human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical donor that is seropositive for cytomegalovirus (CMV+), with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, the donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are treated to remove T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and B-lymphocytes (CD19+). The remaining leukocytes are cultured for 7 days with the cytokine… |
Allogeneic CD3- CD19- Selected Natural Killer Cells |
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical donor-derived natural killer (NK) cells that are activated with the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, the HLA-haploidentical donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are treated to remove T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and B-lymphocytes (CD19+) cells. In turn, NK cells are expanded and activated with IL-15. Upon infusion of the allogeneic CD3- CD19- selected NK cells, these cells… |
Allogeneic CD33CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD33 antigen, coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic CD33CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes target and induce selective toxicity in CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33 is expressed on normal no… |
Allogeneic CD34-positive E-rosetted T-cell Depleted Peripheral Blood Stem Cells |
A preparation of CD34+ selected peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) that are depleted of T-cells via erythrocyte rosetting (E-rosetting) and intended for allogeneic stem cell transplant. Administration of this particular preparation of CD34+E- T-cell depleted PBSCs may potentially reduce the occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) without increasing the risk of graft failure or poor graft function |
Allogeneic CD4+ Memory Th1-like T Cells/Microparticle-bound Anti-CD3/anti-CD28 |
A preparation consisting of allogeneic, differentiated Th1-like T cells bound to T cell-stimulating monoclonal antibodies with potential antitumor activity. More specifically, allogeneic CD4+ memory Th1-like T cells/microparticle-bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28 are composed of a proprietary preparation of mismatched, allogeneic differentiated CD4+ memory Th1-like T cells bound to paramagnetic, epoxy-covered 4.5 micron microparticles with covalently bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies at a… |
Allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative Natural Killer Cells |
A population of allogeneic lymphocytes expressing the CD56 surface antigen and exhibiting a lack of CD3, with immunomodulating activity. Upon infusion of allogeneic CD56-positive CD3-negative natural killer (NK) cells, these cells are able to secrete cytokines and recognize and kill tumor cells as well as virally-infected cells. CD56 is a transmembrane glycoprotein also known as NCAM (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule). |
Allogeneic CD8+ Leukemia-associated Antigens Specific T Cells NEXI-001 |
A preparation of allogeneic CD8+ T cells targeting multiple undisclosed leukemia-associated antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection from the original stem cell donor and ex vivo priming and expansion, the allogeneic CD8+ leukemia-associated antigens specific T cells NEXI-001 are re-introduced into the leukemia patient, where they target and kill tumor cells expressing these leukemia-associated antig… |
Allogeneic Cellular Vaccine 1650-G |
A pluripotent, allogeneic, tumor cell vaccine composed of irradiated tumor cells from the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line 1650 and the immunoadjuvant recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (1650-G), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic cellular vaccine 1650-G may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expre… |
Allogeneic CMV Antigen-specific CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes |
A population of allogeneic T-lymphocytes specifically reactive to cytomegalovirus (CMV) with potential antiviral activity. Allogeneic CMV antigen-specific T-cells are prepared via ex vivo stimulation of donor-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with major cytomegalovirus structural protein, pp65 (ppUL83). T-cells that secrete interferon (IFN)-gamma in response to pp65 antigen exposure are selected and expanded for administration. Administration of the CMV antigen-specific CD4+ … |
Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells CTX110 |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to eliminate endogenous TCR, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engineered anti-CD19 CAR T-cells CTX110 recognize and bind to CD19-overexpre… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells CTX112 |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to eliminate endogenous TCR, transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGFbRII), and Regnase-1, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 engine… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-CD70 CAR-T Cells CTX130 |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into t… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-edited Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells CB-011 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf T-lymphocytes genetically modified and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-edited to contain a deletion of the TRAC gene, a site-specific insertion of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) into the TRAC gene, a deletion of the B2M gene, and a site-specific insertion of a gene encod… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells PACE CART19 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and electroporated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to eliminate the expression of endogenous TCR, H… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells PBLTT52CAR19 |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with genetic modification of CD52 and T-cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) loci via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic CRISPR-edited anti-CD19 CAR T cells PBLTT52CAR19 recognize and bind t… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells CB-010 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-edited to eliminate endogenous T-cell receptor (TCR) and programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed cell death-1) expression, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic CRISPR-edited a… |
Allogeneic CRISPR-edited Anti-CLL-1 CAR-T Cells CB-012 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf T-lymphocytes genetically modified and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-edited to contain the deletion of the TRAC gene, the site-specific insertion of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A; CD371) into the TRAC gene, the knockout of programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programme… |
Allogeneic CS1-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion of allogeneic CS1-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UCARTCS1A, thes… |
Allogeneic Cytokine-induced Memory-like NK Cells WU-NK-101 |
A population of off-the-shelf (OTS) donor-derived cytokine-induced, memory-like, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells (CIML NKs) containing NK cell-activating surface receptors, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The allogeneic NK cells are pre-activated ex vivo using the human-derived cytokines interleukin (IL)-12, IL-15, and IL-18, which induces the differentiation of the NK cells into CIML NK cells, which contain more NK cell-activating surface receptors. The pre… |
Allogeneic Dendritic Cell-Myeloma Idiotype Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of allogeneic dendritic cells pulsed ex-vivo with an autologous myeloma idiotype with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, allogeneic dendritic cell-myeloma idiotype vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against myeloma cells, resulting in cell lysis. |
Allogeneic Dendritic Secretomes |
A preparation of allogeneic dendritic cell (DC) secretomes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic DC secretomes may help activate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Allogeneic EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid Cell Line Lysate-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine KSD-101 |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell line (BLCL) lysate, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, DCs are loaded with allogeneic EBV-transformed BLCL lysate. Upon re-administration of the allogeneic EBV-transformed BLCL lysate-pulsed autologous DC vaccine KSD-101, the immune system is exposed to EBV-specific antigens,… |
Allogeneic Epstein-Barr Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the allogeneic EBV-specific CTLs are either harvested from a donor with an EBV-positive tumor or are donor CTLs activated against EBV-specific antigens ex vivo. Administration into a patient exerts a CTL response against EBV-positive tumor cells or EBV-infected cells. This results in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. EBV… |
Allogeneic Ex-vivo-treated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated and induced ex vivo to undergo early apoptosis, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of allogeneic ex-vivo-treated PBMCs, the early apoptotic cells are engulfed by macrophages and immature dendritic cells (DCs). This leads to immune modulation, which may result in immune-mediated tumor cell death. |
Allogeneic Gamma Delta T-cells GDKM-100 |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic gamma delta T-cells GDKM-100, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocytes play a … |
Allogeneic Gamma-delta T-lymphocytes KB-GDT-01 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of unmodified, donor-derived T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic gamma-delta T-lymphocytes KB-GDT-01, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Ga… |
Allogeneic Gamma-delta T-lymphocytes TCB-008 |
A preparation of ex vivo-expanded, allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic gamma-delta T-lymphocytes TCB-008, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma-delta T-lymphocy… |
Allogeneic Gene-modified Gamma Delta T-cells |
A preparation of genetically modified allogeneic gamma delta T-lymphocytes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic gene-modified gamma delta T-cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocytes play a key role in the activation of the immune system and do not … |
Allogeneic Glioblastoma Stem-like Cell Line Lysate-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysates from an allogeneic glioblastoma (GBM) stem-like cell line, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration allogeneic glioblastoma stem-like cell line lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine exposes the immune system to GBM stem cell antigens, which may result in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against GBM cells. This leads to GBM cell ly… |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-Based Myeloma Cell Vaccine |
An allogeneic tumor cell vaccine containing myeloma cancer cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, allogeneic GM-CSF-based myeloma cellular vaccine secretes GM-CSF, which may potentiate a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against myeloma cancer cell-associated antigens. |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-Secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine |
An allogenic vaccine consisting of irradiated breast cancer cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene. Upon vaccination, the genetically modified cells secrete GM-CSF, thereby potentiating a tumor-specific T cell response against breast cancer cell-asociated antigens. |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine SV-BR-1-GM |
A vaccine consisting of irradiated allogeneic breast cancer cells, derived from the breast cancer cell line SV-BR-1 that are transfected with the immunostimulant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; CSF2) gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting breast cancer vaccine SV-BR-1-GM, the genetically-modified cells secrete GM-CSF. This potentiates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphoc… |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine |
An allogeneic tumor vaccine composed of lethally irradiated allogeneic pancreatic tumor cells that are genetically modified to secrete the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated pancreatic tumor cell vaccine secretes GM-CSF at the injection site. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the body’s immune system against … |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Prostate Cancer Vaccine |
An allogeneic whole cell vaccine expressing human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tumor cells from prostate cancer patients are harvested and then genetically modified to secrete GM-CSF, an immune stimulatory growth factor that plays a key role in stimulating the body’s immune responses against tumor cells. Because the vaccine is derived from allogenic cells, it has demonstrated a favorable side effect profile than other approa… |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Whole Melanoma Cell Vaccine |
An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells that are genetically modified to secrete the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated whole melanoma cell vaccine secretes GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the body’s immune system against tumor cells by enhancing the… |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Myeloma Vaccine |
An allogeneic plasma cell myeloma vaccine consisting two multiple myeloma cell lines, H929 and U266, admixed with GM-CSF-secreting K562 cells, with potential antineoplastic and immunopotentiating activities. Upon administration, the secreted GM-CSF modulates the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells, with some specificity towards stimulation of leukocyte production, and may reverse treatment-induced neutropenia. This agent also promotes antigen prese… |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo |
An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 10.05 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response…. |
Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting Tumor Vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo |
An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated, whole pancreatic cancer cells transfected with a plasmid carrying the gene for cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccine PANC 6.03 pcDNA-1/GM-Neo secretes GM-CSF thereby activating dendritic cells, promoting antigen presentation to B- and T-cells, and promoting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. … |
Allogeneic HAdV Antigen-specific T-lymphocytes |
A population of allogeneic T-lymphocytes specifically reactive to human adenovirus (HAdV) with potential antiviral activity. Allogeneic HAdV antigen-specific T-cells are prepared via ex vivo stimulation of donor-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with HAdV hexon protein. T-cells that secrete interferon (IFN)-gamma in response to HAdV antigen exposure are selected and expanded for administration. Infusion of the HAdV antigen-specific T-lymphocytes into hematopoietic stem cell t… |
Allogeneic HLA-A2/4-1BB ligand-expressing Melanoma Vaccine |
An allogeneic melanoma cell vaccine derived from a cell line with high expression of melanoma associated antigens and genetically modified to express both HLA-A2 and 4-1BB ligand, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the 4-1BB ligand of the allogeneic HLA-A2/4-1BB ligand-expressing melanoma vaccine binds to 4-1BB on activated T-lymphocytes, which induces a strong immune response against HLA-A2 positive melanoma cells. |
Allogeneic HPV-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A population of allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are specifically reactive to human papillomavirus (HPV), with potential antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the allogeneic HPV-specific CTLs, these CTLs induce selective toxicity in HPV-positive cancer cells and other HPV-infected cells. HPV is associated with various cancer cell types. |
Allogeneic Hypoimmune Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SC291 |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and modified ex vivo to disrupt the expression of major histocompatibility (MHC) class I and MHC class II molecules and to express CD47, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the allogeneic hypoimmune anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SC291 recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This… |
Allogeneic iC9/CD19-CAR-CD28-zeta-2A-IL15-transduced Cord Blood-derived Natural Killer Cells TAK-007 |
A preparation of allogeneic, umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer cells (NKs) transduced with a retroviral vector expressing interleukin-15 (IL-15) and encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that is coupled to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and is linked to the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9; iC9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activi… |
Allogeneic IL13-Zetakine/HyTK-Expressing-Glucocorticoid Resistant Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes GRm13Z40-2 |
A preparation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) negative, allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing a membrane-tethered interleukin 13 (IL13) cytokine chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (zetakine), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of donor T-lymphocytes with a plasmid encoding a fusion protein of the IL13-zetakine and the selection-suicide expression enzyme HyTK, these modified CTLs are expanded and introduced into a patient with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). … |
Allogeneic Invariant Natural Killer T-cells agenT-797 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the shelf, natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of allogeneic iNKT agenT-797, the invariant T-cell receptor (TCR) and natural-killer group 2, member D receptor (NKG2D; KLRK1; natural killer cell activating receptor group 2D) expressed by these cells recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands and stress ligands, which are expre… |
Allogeneic iPSC-derived Anti-CD19-CAR/IL-15-expressing NK Cells CNTY-101 |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody FMC63 and coupled to the CD28 and zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) costimulatory signaling domains, and interleukin 15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activit… |
Allogeneic iPSC-derived Anti-MICA/B CAR/CD16/IL-15RF-expressing CD38-eliminated NK Cells FT536 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), natural killer (NK) cells derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered and multiplex-edited to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the alpha 3 domain of the natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) ligands MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA) and B (MICB), a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor and a recombinant fusion of IL-15… |
Allogeneic Irradiated Melanoma Cell Vaccine CSF470 |
An allogeneic cancer vaccine composed of a mixture of lethally irradiated whole melanoma cancer cells obtained from four different melanoma cell lines, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injections, allogeneic irradiated melanoma cell vaccine may stimulate the body’s immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the melanoma cancer cells. |
Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Breast Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine, containing human-specific large multivalent immunogens (LMIs) isolated from the membrane fraction of cells from a breast cancer cell line, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic large multivalent immunogen breast cancer vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells that express the breast cancer cell-specific LMIs. |
Allogeneic Large Multivalent Immunogen Melanoma Vaccine LP2307 |
A cancer vaccine, containing human-specific large multivalent immunogen (LMI) isolated from plasma membrane fractions of the melanoma cell lines MSM-M1 and MSM-M2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic large multivalent immunogen melanoma vaccine LP2307 may stimulate a CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against melanoma tumor cells that express melanoma-specific LMI. |
Allogeneic LMP1/LMP2-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are collected from a donor and are exposed ex vivo to dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with a replication-deficient adenovirus encoding EBV LMP1/2 to generate LMP1/2-specific CTL which are subsequently expanded. Administration of allogeneic LMP1-/LMP2- specific CTL to pat… |
Allogeneic Melanoma Vaccine AGI-101H |
A cancer vaccine derived from two gentically modified human melanoma cell lines with potential antineoplastic activity. Allogeneic melanoma vaccine AGI-101H consists of a 1:1 mixture of cells from two genetically modified human melanoma cell lines, designated as Mich1H6 and Mich2H6, that have been gamma-irradiated to render the cells non-proliferative. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic immune response against melanoma tumor cells. |
Allogeneic Mesothelioma Tumor Lysate-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with a mixture of lysates from five allogeneic mesothelioma tumor cell lines, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, DCs are loaded with allogeneic mesothelioma tumor cell lysates. Upon re-administration of the allogeneic mesothelioma tumor lysate-pulsed autologous DC vaccine, the immune system is exposed to an undefined amount of mesothelioma-associated antigens, which… |
Allogeneic MUC1-C-specific CAR-T Cells P-MUC1C-ALLO1 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes containing primarily stem cell memory T-cells (Tscm) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the C-terminal subunit of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1-C) and gene-edited to knockout both the T-cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration… |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line MG4101 |
A population of allogeneic, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Allogeneic natural killer cell line MG4101 is derived from cells of a normal, healthy donor upon leukapheresis and activation. |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cell Line NK-92 |
A proprietary, human cytotoxic cell line composed of allogeneic, activated, interleukin-2 (IL-2) dependent-natural killer cells derived from a 50-year old male patient with rapidly progressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, with potential antineoplastic activity. As NK-92 cells are devoid of killer inhibitory receptors (KIRs; also called killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors), which are negative regulators of NK cell activity, cancer cells are unable to suppress the cancer cell killing ability o… |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells CHM 0201 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic, natural killer (NK) cells that are activated and expanded ex vivo, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic NK cells CHM 0201 recognize and lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells DVX201 |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic NK cells DVX201 may directly lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and further stimulate a systemic immune response against cancer cells. |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells IDP-023 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic, natural killer (NK) cells that contains g minus NK cells (G-NKs), with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic NK cells IDP-023 recognize and lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. G-NKs are deficient in the FceR1g protein and show increased cytokine secretion, higher levels of cytolytic enzymes, increased persisten… |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells PB103 |
A preparation of allogeneic, natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic NK cells PB103 may lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells SAR445419 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS) ex vivo-expanded natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the allogeneic NKs SAR445419, these cells may lyse cancer cells. |
Allogeneic Nicotinamide-expanded Natural Killer Cells |
Allogeneic, nicotinamide (NAM)-expanded natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the allogeneic NAM-expanded NK cells may lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. Ex-vivo treatment with the vitamin B3 derivative NAM increases the in-vivo homing, retention and proliferation potential of the NK cells. |
Allogeneic NKG2D CAR Memory T-cells |
A preparation of donor-derived memory T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the allogeneic NKG2D CAR memory T-cells specifically recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs), resulting in cytokine secretion and lysis of NKG2D ligand-expressing tumor cells. NKG2DLs, such a… |
Allogeneic NKG2DL-targeting CAR-grafted Gamma Delta T Cells |
A preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) and that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding for human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1; natural killer cell activating receptor group 2D), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the NKG2DL-targeting CAR-grafted gamma delta T cells, these cells specifically ta… |
Allogeneic NKG2D-OX40-CD3zeta-CAR-mbIL-15-expressing Natural Killer Cells NKX101 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS), allogeneic and ex vivo expanded natural killer cells (NKs) that are engineered to express membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding for human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D; KLRK1; natural killer cell activating receptor group 2D) that is coupled to the co-stimulatory domain of OX40 (CD134), and to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and ant… |
Allogeneic NK-like Cells GAIA-102 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS), ex-vivo activated and expanded natural killer (NK)-like cells, with a CD3-negative/CD56bright/CD57-negative immature phenotype, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, allogeneic NK-like cells GAIA-102 may lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. |
Allogeneic PD-L1 Tumor-targeted High-affinity Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells that are derived from NK-92 cells, a human cytotoxic cell line composed of allogeneic NK cells derived from a 50-year old male patient with rapidly progressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), that are genetically engineered to express the high-affinity CD16/FcgammaRIIIa (158V) allele, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-retained interleukin (IL)-2 and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), with potential immunomodulati… |
Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Expressing Lung Tumor Antigens PDC*lung01 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation composed of irradiated allogeneic plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) loaded with seven immunogenic, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 serotype-restricted peptides derived from the lung tumor antigens cancer/testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1), melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), MAGE-A4, multi-MAGE, a peptide shared by multiple MAGE-A proteins, survivin, mucin1 (MUC1) and melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 (Mart-1; Melan-A), with potential immunostimulating an… |
Allogeneic Polymer-encapsulated IL-2-secreting Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells AVB-001 |
A preparation of polymer-encapsulated cells, obtained from the human immortalized retinal pigment epithelia (RPE) cell line ARPE-19, that have been genetically engineered to express the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intraperitoneal administration, allogeneic polymer-encapsulated IL-2-secreting RPE cells AVB-001 produces IL-2 locally, which binds to the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and activates IL-2/IL-2R-mediated signal… |
Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine MGN1601 |
A whole cell vaccine comprised of irradiated allogeneic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Allogeneic renal cell carcinoma vaccine MGN1601 contains two active ingredients: 1) genetically modified allogeneic RCC cells that are transiently transfected with four different MIDGE (Minimalistic Immunogenically Defined Gene Expression) vectors encoding IL-7, GM-CSF, CD80 and CD154 and 2) the synthetic DNA-based immunomodulator dSLIM-30L1, a TLR… |
Allogeneic Rituximab Conjugated Gamma Delta T-cells ACE1831 |
An off-the-shelf preparation of a subset of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs) conjugated to a DNA linker, attached via DNA hybridization to rituximab conjugated to another DNA linker, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic rituximab conjugated gamma delta T-cells ACE1831, rituximab targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells. The gamma delta T-cells secrete interfe… |
Allogeneic shRNA-based Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells CYAD-211 |
A preparation of human allogeneic, ‘off-the-shelf’ (OTS), non-gene edited T-lymphocytes that are engineered to co-express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and a single short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that disrupts the expression of the CD3zeta component of the T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upo… |
Allogeneic TCR alpha/beta-positive T-lymphocyte-depleted Peripheral Blood Stem Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha/beta-positive T cell-depleted peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), that can potentially be used for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Allogeneic PBMCs are processed, using the proprietary CliniMACS device, to remove TCRalpha/beta T-cells, while retaining other cells, such as donor-derived natural killer (NK) cells and gamma/delta T-cells. As TCR alpha/beta-positive T-cells appear to be related to the development of graft ve… |
Allogeneic TCRa/b-depleted HA-1 Minor Histocompatibility Antigen-Reactive TCR-Modified RQR8-expressing T Cells BSB-1001 |
A preparation of T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta (TCRa/b)-depleted donor-derived T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentivirus vector encoding a TCR specific for HLA-A02:01-restricted minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1 (HA1) and expressing RQR8, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following HLA-matched allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in HLA-A02:01 positive patients, allogeneic TCRa/b-depleted HA-1 minor histocompatibility an… |
Allogeneic TCR-CD3 complex/CD16/IL-15-expressing Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells that have been engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex, CD16 Fc receptor, and interleukin 15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, allogeneic TCR-CD3 complex/CD16/IL-15-expressing NK cells lyse tumor cells. Upon coadministration with tumor-targeting and CD3-targeting bispecific antibodies, the tumor-targeting moiety binds to the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expre… |
Allogeneic Third-party Suicide Gene-transduced Anti-HLA-DPB1*0401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19 |
A preparation of allogeneic, third-party, CD4+ T-lymphocytes that specifically recognizes the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DPB10401 and transduced with a suicide gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, allogeneic third-party suicide gene-transduced anti-HLA-DPB10401 CD4+ T-cells CTL 19 specifically target and kill HLA-DPB1*0401-positive leukemic cells. The suicide gene causes the destruction of the T-cell clone upon the administration and presence of ganciclovir,… |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes Expressing NY-ESO-1-C259-specific TCR |
Genetically engineered human allogeneic T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and introduction into the patient, the allogeneic T-lymphocytes expressing NY-ESO-1-C259-specific TCR specifically target and bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in the specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (C… |
Allogeneic Tri-functional Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells transduced with a retroviral vector expressing the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) and encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) that is coupled to the co-stimulatory domains cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28, T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28), cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137; 4-1BB), and the zeta chain of the T-cell rec… |
Allogeneic Tumor Cell Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of tumor cells isolated from the tumor of one patient, killed and processed, and administered to another patient to stimulate cytotoxic immune responses to a similar tumor cell type. The cells found in this type of whole-cell vaccine express many cell-surface tumor-associated antigens. This vaccine is frequently administered with an adjuvant immunostimulant. (NCI04) |
Allogeneic Variable Delta 1 Gamma-delta T-lymphocytes GDX012 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of allogeneic variable delta 1 (Vd1) gamma-delta (gd) T-lymphocytes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the allogeneic Vd1 gd T-lymphocytes GDX012, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocytes play a key role in the activa… |
Almurtide |
A synthetic muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. As a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, almurtide activates both monocytes and macrophages. This results in the secretion of cytokines and induces the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal or cytostatic effects. |
Alnuctamab |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, alnuctamab binds bivalently to BCMA expressed on tumor cells and monovalently to CD3 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-media… |
Alobresib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, alobresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of prol… |
Alofanib |
An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) type 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, alofanib targets, allosterically binds to the extracellular domain of FGFR2 and inhibits the activity of FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of basic FGF (bFGF)/FGFR2-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits FGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and inhibits the proliferation of FGFR2-overexpressing… |
Alomfilimab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, alomfilimab selectively binds to dimeric ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS activation prevents the pDC-induced proliferation and accumula… |
Alpelisib |
An orally bioavailable phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Alpelisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may … |
Alpha Fetoprotein Adenoviral Vector Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a recombinant adenoviral vector encoding alpha fetoprotein. After vaccination, expressed alpha fetoprotein may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express alpha fetoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Alpha Fetoprotein Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of plasmid DNA encoding alpha fetoprotein. After vaccination, expressed alpha fetoprotein may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express alpha fetoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Alpha Galactosylceramide |
A potent alpha galactosylceramide modified from marine-sponge that stimulates the immune system to exhibit antitumor activity. |
Alpha V Beta 1 Inhibitor ATN-161 |
A small peptide antagonist of integrin alpha5beta1 with potential antineoplastic activity. ATN-161 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor for integrin alpha5beta1, thereby preventing integrin alpha5beta1 binding. This receptor blockade may result in inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. Integrin alpha5beta1 is expressed on endothelial cells and plays a crucial role in endothelial cell adhesion and mig… |
Alpha V Beta 8 Antagonist PF-06940434 |
An antagonist of integrin alpha v beta 8, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06940434 selectively binds to and blocks the receptor for integrin alpha v beta 8, thereby preventing integrin alpha v beta 8 binding. This may result in the inhibition of cell adhesion in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and blocks the activation of the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1), preventing TGF-b1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGF-b1-mediated immu… |
Alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase-expressing Allogeneic Renal Cell Carcinoma Vaccine |
An allogeneic renal cell cancer (RCC) vaccine composed of cell line-derived RCCs that are genetically engineered to express the murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Not naturally occurring in humans, GalT catalyzes the expression of foreign alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate epitopes on the cell membranes of the allogeneic RCCs present in the vaccine. This induces a hyperacute rejection reaction involving pre… |
Alpha-1-Proteinase Inhibitor Human |
Human serum-derived alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-antitrypsin or AAT) with immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory activity. Upon administration, AAT reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-32, IL-6, and proteinase 3, and induces the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and the IL-1 receptor antagonist IL-1RN. This agent also downregulates heparan sulfate and reduces the expansion of cytot… |
Alpha-clash Anti-IL-2 Antibody Fusion Protein LAT010 |
An antibody fusion protein and interleukin-2 (IL-2) immunocytokine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the alpha-clash anti-IL-2 antibody fusion protein LAT010, the IL-2 moiety targets and binds to the intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptor beta,gamma (IL-2Rbg), thereby selectivity activating CD8+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells against tumor cells. The alpha-clash anti-IL-2 antibody moiety of LAT010 prevents LAT010 from activating the high-affinity IL2Ralpha,be… |
Alpha-fetoprotein Peptide-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells pulsed with four alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) peptides, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AFP peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against AFP-expressing cancer cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. AFP is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells. |
Alpha-Gal AGI-134 |
A synthetic alpha Gal (aGal) molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of aGal AGI-134, aGal coats the cancer cell membranes and triggers an anti-aGal antibody-mediated immune response leading to an initial complement-dependent and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This cytotoxicity causes release from tumor cells and subsequent uptake of released tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This… |
Alpha-Gal Glycosphingolipids |
A preparation of glycosphingolipids (GSL), containing the disaccharide epitope galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-Gal), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, alpha-Gal glycosphingolipids may stimulate the immune system to mount complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses against alpha-Gal GSL, which may result in tumor cell death; these responses involve natural anti-alpha-Gal immunoglobulins (Igs)…. |
Alpha-Galactosylceramide-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cells |
A cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with the marine sponge glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) with potential immunostimulatory and antimetastatic activities. Upon administration, alpha-galactosylceramide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells may result in the activation and proliferation of a subset of endogenous natural killer T (NKT) cells, B cells, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12; these casca… |
Alpha-lactalbumin Breast Cancer Vaccine |
A breast cancer vaccine consisting of recombinant human alpha-lactalbumin (aLA), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aLA breast cancer vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the aLA protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. aLA is expressed in many types of breast cancer, including triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), while normally present in healthy breast tissu… |
Alpha-lactalbumin-derived Synthetic Peptide-lipid Complex Alpha1H |
A synthetic proteolipid complex comprised of the alpha-1 domain of alpha-lactalbumin (lactose synthase B protein) and oleic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation, alpha1H selectively accumulates in the nuclei of tumor cells and binds to histones H3, H4, and H2B. By binding to histones, alpha1H disrupts chromatin assembly and interferes with intact chromatin, thereby preventing tumor cell transcription and replication. Additionally, alpha1H inhibits the p… |
Alpha-lipoic Acid-Palladium/Vitamin/Mineral Supplement |
A proprietary water- and lipid-soluble polymer-based nutritional supplement composed of a complex mixture of alpha-lipoic acid bound to palladium (Palladium Lipoic Acid Complex (PdLA)) and other minerals, vitamins and amino acids, including vitamins B1, B2 and B12, formylmethionine, acetyl cysteine, and trace amounts of molybdinum, rhodium, and ruthenium, with potential anti-oxidant and cytoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, the alpha-lipoic acid-palladium/vitamin/mineral supple… |
Alpha-PD1/IL2 Fusion Protein AWT020 |
A bifunctional fusion protein comprised of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) linked to an engineered, variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL2c mutein (No-alpha-IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1-IL-2 fusion protein AWT020, the antibody moiety specifically targets, binds to and blocks PD-1 expressed on tumor-… |
Alpha-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside |
A purine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic Acid |
An orally bioavailable vitamin E derivative with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, alpha-tocopheryloxyacetic acid (alpha-TEA) induces tumor autophagy; the autophagosomes formed, which carry tumor associated antigens (TAAs), allow for increased cross-presentation of TAAs by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This activates a T cell-mediated T helper type 1 (TH1) response, generates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer c… |
Alpha-type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cells |
A mature polarized dendritic cell with potent immunostimulating activity. Treating dendritic cells (DCs) with interferon-alpha (IFN-a) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (p-I:C) in addition to a cytokine cocktail (tumor necrosis factor alpha/Interleukin-1beta/IFN-gamma) produces mature but not exhausted alpha type-1 polarized DCs (alphaDC1) that are capable of: 1) high responsiveness to other lymphoid chemokines, and 2) producing high level of interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70). Therefore, alphaDC… |
AlphaVbeta1/8 Inhibitor PLN-101095 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule dual inhibitor of the integrins alpha V beta 1 (aVb1) and 8 (aVb8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, alphaVbeta1/8 inhibitor PLN-101095 targets, binds to and inhibits the integrins aVb1 and aVb8 in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks aVb1/8-mediated signaling and prevents the activation of tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-b). Inhibition of TGF-b promotes T-cell infiltration and the release of… |
ALPK1 Agonist PTT-936 |
An orally bioavailable innate immune agonist and activator of the cytosolic alpha-protein kinase 1 (ALPK1) that is an ADP-heptose derived from bacteria, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ALPK1 agonist PTT-936, being a ADP-heptose, specifically targets and binds to ALPK1, thereby activating the ALPK1-mediated signal transduction pathway. This initiates the phosphorylation of TRAF-interacting protein with forkhead-associated domain (TIFA), … |
Alrizomadlin |
An orally available inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2; mouse double minute 2 homolog; MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,alrizomadlin binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may res… |
Alsevalimab |
A fully human, glycoengineered monoclonal antibody targeting B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon intravenous administration, alsevalimab binds to B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells, thereby preventing B7-H4 binding to T-cells and abrogating the B7-H4-mediated negative regulation of T-cell activation. This increases a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response… |
Alteminostat |
A highly water-soluble, pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alteminostat targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the indu… |
Altiratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase (TIE2), and tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, altiratinib selectively binds to c-Met, VEGFR2, Tie2 and Trk tyrosine kinases, which may lead to the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival. This also results in b… |
Altretamine |
A synthetic cytotoxic s-triazine derivative similar in structure to alkylating agent triethylenemelamin with antineoplastic activity. Although the precise mechanism by which altretamine exerts its cytotoxic effect is unknown, N-demethylation of altretamine may produce reactive intermediates which covalently bind to DNA, resulting in DNA damage. (NCI04) |
Alunacedase Alfa |
A recombinant, soluble glycosylated form of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2) with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Alunacedase Alfa may normalize ACE2 levels, cleaving angiotensin II to create angiotensin-(1-7) and restoring the function of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). ACE2, a homolog of ACE1, appears to function as a negative regulator of the RAS system by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1-7), a peptide with actions that counteract the … |
ALVAC gp100 Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of the replication-defective plaque purified recombinant canarypox virus (ALVAC) that encodes the glycoprotein 100 (gp100) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with ALVAC gp100 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the gp100 melanoma antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. |
ALVAC(2) Melanoma Multi-antigen Vaccine |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine, based on a replication-defective recombinant canarypox virus (ALVAC) encoding multiple melanoma antigens, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with ALVAC(2) melanoma multi-antigen therapeutic vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount an immune response against antigen-expressing melanoma cells, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth and/or metastasis. |
ALVAC(2)-NY-ESO-1 (M)/TRICOM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a replication-defective recombinant canarypox virus [ALVAC(2)] encoding the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO and the TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3; also called TRICOM), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ALVAC(2)/NY-ESO (M)/TRICOM vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-expressing cancer cells, which may result in the inhi… |
ALVAC-CEA B7.1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine that uses a viral vector system derived from the canarypox virus engineered to target the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). It causes infected cells to temporarily display CEA and activates the immune system to attack the tumor cells. |
ALVAC-CEA Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of ALVAC, a highly attenuated poxvirus strain derived from the canarypox virus, encoding for the tumor associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALVAC-CEA vaccine expresses CEA and may stimulate a host immune response against tumor cells expressing CEA. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and/or metastasis. CEA is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. |
ALVAC-ESO-1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a replication-defective recombinant canarypox virus (ALVAC) encoding the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ALVAC-ESO-1 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1-expressing cancer cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. NY-ESO-1, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is found in normal t… |
ALVAC-hB7.1 |
A vaccine comprise of a canarypox viral vector that carries the gene for human B7.1 (CD80 antigen) with potential use as an autologous therapeutic cancer vaccine. Tumor cells harvested from a patient are infected with ALVAC-hB7 1, thereby producing an autologous cell line that exhibits increased expression of HLA class I and class II, CD54 (ICAM), and CD80. Increased expression of these proteins by this autologous cell line may activate an antitumor T-cell response when the modified cells ar… |
ALVAC-MART-1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing a replication-defective recombinant canarypox virus (ALVAC), encoding an epitope of MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the MART-1 epitope is expressed by the ALVAC vector in ALVAC-MART-1 vaccine; a host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against MART-1-expressing tumor cells may follow, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. |
Alvespimycin |
An analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. |
Alvespimycin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of alvespimycin, an analogue of the antineoplastic benzoquinone antibiotic geldanamycin. Alvespimycin binds to HSP90, a chaperone protein that aids in the assembly, maturation and folding of proteins. Subsequently, the function of Hsp90 is inhibited, leading to the degradation and depletion of its client proteins such as kinases and transcription factors involved with cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. |
Alvocidib |
The free base form of a synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity. |
Alvocidib Hydrochloride |
A synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity. |
Alvocidib Prodrug TP-1287 |
An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of alvocidib, a potent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase-9 (CDK9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the phosphate prodrug TP-1287, the prodrug is enzymatically cleaved at the tumor site and the active moiety alvocidib is released. Alvocidib targets and binds to CDK9, thereby reducing the expression of CDK9 target genes such as the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1, and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest and apopto… |
Amatuximab |
A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against human mesothelin with potential anti-tumor activity. Amatuximab specifically targets mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the mesothelin antigen, amatuximab triggers an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated host immune response against mesothelin-expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis. |
Ambamustine |
A tripeptidic nitrogen mustard compound and bifunctional alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. |
Ambazone |
An antiseptic agent with potential antibacterial and antileukemic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, ambazone appears to interfere with the membrane-bound nucleotide system by increasing the intracellular concentration of cAMP in leukemia cells and macrophages, which potentially contributes to this agent’s antineoplastic activity. Furthermore, this agent’s affinity for various cellular targets, i.e. membranes, nucleic acids and proteins, may contr… |
Amblyomin-X |
A recombinant form of a toxic protein derived from the salivary glands of the Amblyomma cajennense tick that inhibits Factor Xa and induces apoptosis, with potential antithrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, amblyomin-X promotes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, cytochrome-c release, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and activation of caspase. Additionally, this agent selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells. It also affects… |
Amcasertib |
An orally available cancer cell stemness kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has not been fully elucidated, amcasertib targets and inhibits one or more pathways involved in cancer stem cell survival. As a result, cancer stem cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth is inhibited. CSCs, self-replicating cells able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for both tumor relapse and metastasis. |
Amcenestrant |
An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, amcenestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Amdizalisib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (phosphoinositide 3’-kinase delta; PI3Kd; PI3K-d), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, amdizalisib selectively binds to and inhibits PI3Kd, and prevents the activation of the PI3Kd/AKT signaling pathway, and B-cell activation. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3Kd-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3Kd plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (B… |
Ametantrone |
A topoisomerase II inhibitor of the anthrapyrazole family that causes covalent cross-links in DNA of tumor cells. |
Ametumumab |
A human recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ametumumab targets, binds to and prevents the activation of EGFR. This inhibits EGFR-mediated signaling and proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ametumumab may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against EGFR-expressing tum… |
Amifostine |
The trihydrate form of a phosphorylated aminosulfhydryl compound. After dephosphorylation of amifostine by alkaline phosphatase to an active free sulfhydryl (thiol) metabolite, the thiol metabolite binds to and detoxifies cytotoxic platinum-containing metabolites of cisplatin and scavenges free radicals induced by cisplatin and ionizing radiation. The elevated activity of this agent in normal tissues results from both the relative abundance of alkaline phosphatase in normal tissues and the gr… |
Aminocamptothecin |
A water-insoluble camptothecin derivative. Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent’s antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Aminocamptothecin Colloidal Dispersion |
A colloidal dispersion formulation of 9-Aminocamptothecin, a water-insoluble camptothecin derivative. Aminocamptothecin binds to the nuclear enzyme topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting repair of single-strand DNA breakages. Because the terminal lactone ring of aminocamptothecin required for the agent’s antitumor activity spontaneously opens under physiological conditions to an inactive carboxy form, the drug must be administered over an extended period of time to achieve effective cytotoxicity. |
Aminoflavone Prodrug AFP464 |
A synthetic lysyl prodrug of the amino-substituted flavone derivate aminoflavone with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. AFP464 is rapidly converted to aminoflavone in plasma. Aminoflavone activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway leading to an increase in cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) expression and, to a lesser extent, an increase in cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) expression. Subsequently, aminoflavone is metabolized to toxic… |
Aminolevulinic Acid Intravenous Formulation SONALA-001 |
An intravenous formulation of aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a metabolic precursor of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), with potential antineoplastic activity upon magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS). Upon intravenous administration of SONALA-001, ALA readily crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and accumulates intracellularly, where ALA is metabolized to the photosensitizer PpIX by enzymes in the heme biosynthesis pathway. Due to the distinct activity of these enzy… |
Aminopterin |
A synthetic derivative of pterins with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Aminopterin Sodium |
The sodium salt of a pterin derivative with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. As a folate analogue, aminopterin competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, and resulting in depletion of nucleotide precursors and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Amivantamab |
A human bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; cMet), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, amivantamab simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and cMet expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and cMet-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, binding results in receptor degra… |
Amivantamab and Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase |
A co-formulation composed of amivantamab, a human bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), and a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of amivantamab and recombinant human hyaluronidase, the hyaluronidase reversibly depolymerizes the polysaccharide hyaluronan in the subcutaneous tissue. This increases the permeability of the subcutane… |
AML mRNA Positive Lysate Loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells loaded with separate preparations of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell lysate and AML-specific messenger RNA (mRNA) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AML mRNA plus lysate loaded autologous dendritic cell vaccine may elicit a potent cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against AML cells, resulting in tumor cell death. Autologous dendritic cells doubly-loaded with AML cell lysate and AML-… |
Amolimogene Bepiplasmid |
A plasmid DNA-based vaccine consisting of small biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glicolide) polymer microparticles encapsulating plasmid-DNA vector encoding a chimeric protein comprising epitopes derived from the E6 and E7 oncoproteins of the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intramuscular vaccination, amolimogene bepiplasmid may elicit the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for H… |
Amonafide L-Malate |
The malate salt of amonafide, an imide derivative of naphthalic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Amonafide intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis. |
AMP KRAS Vaccine ELI-002 |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine composed of the adjuvant Amphiphile (Amph; AMP)-CpG-7909, which is a lipid-conjugated immune-stimulatory oligonucleotide, admixed with Amph modified Kirsten Rat Sarcoma (KRAS) mutated peptides, which contain a mixture of lipid-conjugated peptide-based antigens, with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of the AMP KRAS vaccine ELI-002, the lipid moieties bind to tissue albumin and the complex is delivered to and a… |
Amredobresib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, amredobresib binds to bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3, and 4 (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) as well as bromodomain testis-specific protein (BRDT), thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of certain oncogenes, including Myc and other… |
Amrubicin |
A synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to this class of compounds. |
Amrubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a third-generation synthetic 9-amino-anthracycline with antineoplastic activity. Amrubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, and RNA and protein synthesis, followed by cell growth inhibition and cell death. This agent has demonstrated a higher level of anti-tumor activity than conventional anthracycline drugs without exhibiting any indication of the cumulative cardiac toxicity common to th… |
Amsacrine |
An aminoacridine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action is incompletely defined, amsacrine may intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA double-strand breaks, arrest of the S/G2 phase of the cell cycle, and cell death. This agent’s cytotoxicity is maximal during the S phase of the cell cycle when topoisomerase levels are greatest. In addition, amsacrine may induce transcription of tumor promoter p53 protein and block p53 u… |
Amsacrine Lactate |
The lactate form of amsacrine, an aminoacridine analog and topoisomerase II inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact relationship between DNA binding and its activity has yet to be fully elucidated, amsacrine intercalates DNA through its acridine moiety, and its nonintercalative headgroup impedes topoisomerase II activity, augmenting enzyme-mediated DNA cleavage and resulting in DNA double-strand breaks. This ultimately induces programmed cell death. |
Amsilarotene |
A retinobenzoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Amsilarotene inhibits retinoblastoma-gene product (RB) phosphorylation and increases the presence of 2 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, resulting in cell cycle arrest. This agent also causes a cytotoxic decline in cyclin A and thymidylate synthase expression. |
Amulirafusp Alfa |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the B-cell-specific membrane protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of amulirafusp alfa, the anti-CD20 moiety selectively targets and binds to CD20 on CD20-positive B-cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CD20-positive malignant B-cells. The CD47 binding by amulira… |
Amustaline |
A quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs). |
Amustaline Dihydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of amustaline, a quinacrine mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Amustaline binds to, intercalates and crosslinks DNA and RNA. This agent is mainly used for ex vivo purposes, specifically for the inactivation of pathogens such as viruses, protozoa and bacteria in red blood cells (RBCs). |
Amuvatinib |
An orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and PDGFR alpha, which are fr… |
Amuvatinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an orally bioavailable synthetic carbothioamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor MP470 binds to mutant forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), inhibiting clinically relevant mutants of this receptor tyrosine kinase that may be associated with resistance to therapy. In addition, MP470 inhibits activities of other receptor tyrosine kinases, such as c-Met, Ret oncoprotein, and mutant forms of Flt3 and… |
Anakinra |
A recombinant human nonglycosylated interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Anakinra binds to the IL-1 receptor, thereby blocking the binding of the IL-1 to and activation of its receptor. Blockade of IL-1 activity may inhibit the cascade of downstream pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial cell growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6, resulting in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Anastrozole |
A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis that resembles paclitaxel in chemical structure. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole selectively binds to and reversibly inhibits aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme complex found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast; aromatase catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis. In estrogen-dependent brea… |
Anaxirone |
A synthetic triepoxide alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Anaxirone alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to exhibit a broad spectrum of antineoplastic activity against experimental tumors, including those resistant to other alkylating agents. |
Anbalcabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anbalcabtagene autoleucel targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. CD19 is a B-cell-specific cell surface antige… |
Anbenitamab |
An engineered Fc-based heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anbenitamab simultaneously targets and binds to two separate, non-overlapping epitopes of HER-2, … |
Ancitabine |
A cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine, which is converted to the active triphosphate form and competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA and RNA polymerases, resulting in a decrease in cel… |
Ancitabine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine. Subsequently, cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. Cytarabine agent also inhibits DNA poly… |
Andecaliximab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, andecaliximab binds to MMP-9 and inhibits its enzymatic activity. This results in an inhibition of extracellular matrix protein degradation and, potentially, the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. MMP-9, a protein belonging to the MMP family, plays a key role in the degradation of collagens and proteoglycans; increased activi… |
Androgen Antagonist APC-100 |
An orally available, vitamin E derivative and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential anti-oxidant, chemopreventative and antineoplastic activity. APC-100 binds to ARs in target tissues thereby inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. By inhibiting the formation of the complex between androgen activated AR- and the AP1 transcription factor JunD, the expression of androgen-responsiv… |
Androgen Receptor Antagonist BAY 1161116 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist BAY 1161116 specifically binds to AR, inhibits AR activation, and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. |
Androgen Receptor Antagonist TAS3681 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR inhibitor TAS3681 specifically binds to AR. This prevents AR activation, downregulates AR and prevents AR-mediated signaling. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. |
Androgen Receptor Antagonist TQB3720 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist TQB3720 specifically targets and binds to the AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This may inhibit cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in the proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. |
Androgen Receptor Antagonist TRC253 |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR antagonist TRC253 specifically binds to both wild-type and certain mutant forms of AR, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell… |
Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD5312 |
An antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, AZD5312 hybridizes with AR mRNA, which blocks translation of the AR protein. This both inhibits AR-induced tumor cell growth and promotes apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. |
Androgen Receptor Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-4176 |
A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antisense oligonucleotide targeting the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EZN-4176 is hybridized and releases the complementary sequences of AR mRNA, thereby blocking translation of the AR protein and inhibiting AR-induced tumor cell growth and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in certain breast and prostate cancers and is involved in tumor cell prolifer… |
Androgen Receptor Degrader AC176 |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) chimeric degrader, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR degrader AC176 targets and degrades AR, thereby preventing AR-mediated signaling and inhibiting the proliferation of AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR, a hormone-regulated transcription factor, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). |
Androgen Receptor Degrader HP518 |
An orally available androgen receptor (AR)-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. HP518 is composed of an AR ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration of AR degrader HP518, the AR-binding moiety specifically targets and binds to AR, particularly AR with AR ligand-binding domain (LBD) mutations. E3 ligase is recruited to the AR by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and the … |
Androgen Receptor Degrader RO7656594 |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) degrader, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR degrader RO7656594 targets, binds to and degrades AR, thereby preventing AR-mediated signaling and inhibiting the proliferation of AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR, a hormone-regulated transcription factor, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). |
Androgen Receptor Downregulator AZD3514 |
An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR) downregulator (SARD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD3514 binds to the AR ligand binding domain and inhibits the binding of androgen, thereby preventing androgen-dependent AR signaling. AZD3514 also causes downregulation of AR expression, which further prevents AR-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR plays a key role in the proliferation… |
Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ONCT-534 |
An orally bioavailable dual-action androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR inhibitor ONCT-534 targets and binds to both the ligand-binding domain (LBD) and the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the AR, and inhibits AR-mediated signaling and induces the degradation of AR and AR splice variant (AR-SV) proteins. This may inhibit cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells, including those with AR amplification, mutations in the AR LBD, and… |
Androgen Receptor Ligand-binding Domain-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine MVI-118 |
A cancer vaccine containing pTVG4 plasmid DNA encoding the human androgen receptor (AR) ligand-binding domain (LBD) (pTVG-AR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of AR LBD-encoding plasmid DNA vaccine MVI-118, the plasmid DNA vaccine expresses AR LBD and may stimulate the host immune system to generate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against AR LBD-expressing prostate cancer cells. This reduces proliferation of AR-expressing… |
Androgen Receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist CB-03-10 |
An orally bioavailable steroidal cortexolone derivative and antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AR/GR antagonist CB-03-10 specifically binds to AR and GR, inhibits AR and GR activation, and prevents AR- and GR-mediated signaling. This leads to an induction of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways and inhibits cell growth in AR- and GR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR and GR are ove… |
Andrographolide |
A labdane diterpenoid that is produced by the Andrographis paniculata plant, which has a broad range of therapeutic applications including anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet aggregation activities and potential antineoplastic properties. Since andrographolide has multiple therapeutic activities there are several proposed mechanisms of action for this agent. The anti-inflammatory effects of this agent appear to be related to the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. This … |
Androstane Steroid HE3235 |
An orally bioavailable adrenal steroid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Androstane steroid HE3235 appears to bind the androgen receptor (AR), down-regulating anti-apoptotic genes, such as Bcl-2, while increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, such as caspases. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that this agent inhibits androstenediol-dependent LNCaP cell tumor growth. In addition, HE3235 may potentiate chemotherapeutic agents by down-regulating ABCG2, the gene encod… |
Anetumab Ravtansine |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anetumab ravtansine targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen mesothelin; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. … |
Ang2/VEGF-Binding Peptides-Antibody Fusion Protein CVX-241 |
A fusion protein containing angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) derived peptides covalently attached, via a proprietary diketone linker, to a proprietary humanized catalytic aldolase monoclonal antibody, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The Ang2/VEGF peptide moieties of Ang2/VEGF-binding peptides-antibody fusion protein CVX-241 bind to Ang2 and VEGF receptors, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. The pro… |
Angelica sinensis Root Extract |
An herbal extract derived from the root of the plant Angelica sinensis with possible antiinflammatory, antispasmodic, vasodilatory, estrogenic, and antitumor activities. Angelica sinensis contains volatile oils, including safrole, isosafrole, and n-butylphthalide; coumarin derivatives, including psoralens, bergapten, osthol, imperatorin, and oxypeucedanin; and ferulic acid. The coumarin derivatives in this agent may vasodilate and relax smooth muscle and may exhibit additive anticoagulant eff… |
Angiogenesis Inhibitor JI-101 |
An orally active inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb), and the ephrin B4 receptor B4 (EphB4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Angiogenesis inhibitor JI-101 binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and, so, cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4. The receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR2, PDGFRb and EphB4… |
Angiopoietin-2-specific Fusion Protein PF-04856884 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody fused to two peptides that bind to angiopoietin 2 (Ang2; ANGPT2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Ang2-targeting PF-04856884 CovX body specifically binds to Ang2 and prevents the binding of Ang2 to its receptor Tie2 expressed on endothelial cells. This inhibits Tie2-mediated signaling, prevents angiogenesis and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. Ang2, a proangiogenic cytokine and ligand for the Tie… |
Anhydrous Enol-oxaloacetate |
The anhydrous form of enol-oxaloacetate, a small molecule blood glutamate scavenger, that can be used to lower glutamate plasma levels, and has potential neuroprotective activity. Upon administration, enol-oxaloacetate targets and binds to glutamate in the bloodstream. This lowers glutamate plasma levels and lowers the free glutamate available to be picked up by cells, such as tumor brain cells, thereby preventing glutamate metabolism and glutamate-mediated signaling. This prevents the prolif… |
Anhydrovinblastine |
A semisynthetic derivative of the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Like vinblastine, anhydrovinblastine targets and binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and causing tumor cell cycle arrest in the M phase. |
Aniline Mustard |
An alkylating mustard with antineoplastic activity. Aniline mustard forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers, resulting in depurination, base miscoding and strand scission, and crosslinking of DNA strands, all of which contribute to its cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Annamycin Liposomal |
A liposome-encapsulated form of the semi-synthetic doxorubicin analogue annamycin with antineoplastic activity. Annamycin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent circumvents multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Liposomal annamycin is less toxic and shows improved antitumor activity compared to annamycin. |
Annonaceous Acetogenins |
A family of naturally occurring polyketides that consist of C32 or C34 long chain fatty acids and combined with a propan-2-ol unit at C-2 to form a gamma-lactone, which are isolated from various species of the plant family Annonaceae, with potential antineoplastic and antimicrobial activity. Annonaceous acetogenins bind to the ubiquinone catalytic site(s) within the mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), and block the electron transport chain in mitochondria. In addition, t… |
Anpocogin |
An 85-amino acid recombinant peptide derived from protein c2 of the hemophagocytic hookworm Ancylostoma caninum (a common canine parasite) with anticoagulant activity. Anpocogin binds to circulating activated factor X (FXa) or zymogen factor X (FX) to form a binary complex which subsequently binds to and inhibits membrane-bound activated factor VII/tissue factor complex (FVIIa/TF). When administered prophylactically, this agent may reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis without hemost… |
Ansamitomicin P-3 |
An ansamacrolide and maytansine analogue originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata with antineoplastic activity. Ansamitomicin P-3 binds to tubulin at the maytansine-binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis. |
Anthocyanin-rich Corn Extract |
A corn-based, water-soluble extract rich in the polyphenol anthocyanin, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and chemoprotective activities. Upon administration of the anthocyanin-rich corn extract, the anthocyanins scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), which protects healthy cells from radiation-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. In addition, anthocyanins modulate the expression of various genes and proteins involved in inflammation, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, t… |
Anthramycin |
A pyrrolo(1,4)benzodiazepine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces refuineus var. thermotolerans. Anthramycin binds covalently to guanine in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Anthrapyrazole |
An antineoplastic antibiotic that intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Anthrapyrazoles may also block cell cycle division. In the presence of electron donors, some anthrapyrazole antibiotics cause single-strand breaks in DNA via photosensitization by visible light. These agents are less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04) |
Anti c-KIT Antibody-drug Conjugate LOP628 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR) and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansine, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of anti c-KIT ADC LOP628 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen c-Kit. After antibody-antigen interaction followed by internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, inhibits microtubule assembly, and … |
Anti-4-1BB Fab/TriCD40L Fusion Protein IMB071703 |
A bi-functional fusion protein consisting of a monovalent Fab fragment directed against 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) fused to a CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5) trimer, triCD40L, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-4-1BB Fab/triCD40L fusion protein IMB071703 selectively targets and binds to both 4-1BB expressed on T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and CD40 expressed on … |
Anti-4-1BB/5T4 Bispecific Antibody ALG.APV-527 |
A human bispecific antibody composed of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) domain targeting the immune co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and a scFv domain targeting the tumor associated antigen (TAA) 5T4 (trophoblast glycoprotein; TPBG), that are linked through a mutated and silenced immunoglobulin G (IgG)-Fc domain, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-4-1BB/5T4 bispec… |
Anti-4-1BB/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody BH3120 |
A heterodimeric immunoglobulin (IgG)-like bispecific antibody, with biased binding affinities, targeting human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-4-1BB/PD-L1 bispecific antibody BH3120 simultaneously targets and binds with its anti-4-1BB arm and with moderate affin… |
Anti-4-1BB/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody PM1003 |
A VHH-based bispecific antibody targeting human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-4-1BB/PD-L1 bispecific antibody PM1003 simultaneously targets and binds, with its anti-4-1BB VHH arm, to an epitope at the CRD4 region of 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-l… |
Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ASN004 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 and conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to a proprietary polymer carrying multiple auristatin analog molecules via a cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of ASN004 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and cleavage within the tumor cell cytosol, free auristatin analog molecules binds to tubulin and inhi… |
Anti-5T4 Antibody-Drug Conjugate PF-06263507 |
An antibody-drug conjugate composed of an antibody directed against 5T4 and conjugated, via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc), to the microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of PF-06263507 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and enzymatic cleavage of the immunoconjugate within the tumor cell cytosol, free MMAF binds to tubulin and … |
Anti-5T4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SYD1875 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the oncofetal antigen 5T4 and site-specifically conjugated to a duocarmycin-based linker-drug valine-citrulline-seco-DUocarmycin-hydroxyBenzamide-Azaindole (vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of SYD1875 selectively binds to cells expressing the 5T4 oncofetal antigen. After internalization and cleavage within the tum… |
Anti-5T4 CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of allogeneic natural killer cells (NKs) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein (5T4; TPBG; Wnt-activated inhibitory factor 1 or WAIF1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the anti-5T4 CAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in 5T4-expressing tumor cells. 5T4, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed by a variety o… |
Anti-5T4/D-2102 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ACR246 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the oncofetal antigen 5T4 and site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cell penetrating cytotoxic agent and DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor D-2102, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-5T4/D-2102 ADC ACR246, the anti-5T4 antibody moiety of ACR246 selectively binds to cells expressing 5T4. After internalization and cleavage within the tumor cell cytosol… |
Anti-5T4/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate XB010 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the oncofetal antigen 5T4 conjugated to the auristatin derivative and microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-5T4/MMAE ADC XB010, the anti-5T4 antibody moiety selectively binds to tumor cells expressing 5T4. Upon binding and internalization, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in … |
Anti-A33 Monoclonal Antibody KRN330 |
A recombinant fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activity. Anti-A33 monoclonal antibody KRN330 recognizes and binds to the human A33 antigen, which may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against A33-positive colorectal cancers. A33 antigen, a 43 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorect… |
Anti-A5B1 Integrin Monoclonal Antibody PF-04605412 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-alpha5beta1 integrin monoclonal antibody PF-04605412 selectively binds to alpha5beta1 integrin, preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in alpha5beta1-expressing tumor cells. Alpha5beta1 int… |
Anti-ACTR/4-1BB/CD3zeta-Viral Vector-transduced Autologous T-Lymphocytes ACTR087 |
Autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified and transfected with a viral vector expressing the ACTR gene, a proprietary gene encoding for an antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ATCR), with potential antineoplastic activity. The ACTR contains the extracellular Fc receptor CD16 domain, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-immunostimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB, normally expressed on T-cells, and linked to the intracellular CD3 z… |
Anti-AG7 Antibody Drug Conjugate AbGn-107 |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) AG7 and is linked, through a hydrophilic, self-immolative linker, to a proprietary cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of AbGn-107 the antibody moiety targets and binds to the AG7 antigen expressed on a variety of cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, the linker is cleaved and the payload is released, binds to tubulin, inhibits… |
Anti-AGS-16 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-16M18 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-16 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-16 monoclonal antibody AGS-16M18 selectively binds to AGS-16, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells expressing AGS-16. While normally expressed at low levels in the proximal tubules of the kidney, AGS-16 has been found to be overexpressed in m… |
Anti-AGS-5 Antibody-Drug Conjugate ASG-5ME |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing the fully human IgG2k monoclonal antibody targeting an epitope of SLC44A4 (AGS-5) linked, via a valine-citrulline (vc) maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to the antimicrotubulin drug monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of ASG-5ME selectively binds to AGS-5. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase ar… |
Anti-AGS-8 Monoclonal Antibody AGS-8M4 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the activator of g-proteins signaling (AGS) cell surface protein AGS-8 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-AGS-8 monoclonal antibody AGS-8M4 selectively binds to AGS-8, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing AGS-8. While normally expressed at low levels in the heart in response to ischemia, AGS-8 has been found to be expressed in more than 70% of ovarian ne… |
Anti-ALK-1 Monoclonal Antibody GT90001 |
A human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody against activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK-1; ALK1), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ALK-1 monoclonal antibody GT90001 targets and binds to ALK-1, and prevents ALK-1 activation by its ligands bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP) 9 and BMP10. This prevents ALK-1-mediated endothelial cell signaling and the activation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)/TGF-beta receptor I (ALK-5… |
Anti-alpha5beta1 Integrin Antibody MINT1526A |
An antibody directed against the human alpha5beta1 integrin (a5b1) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-a5b1 antibody MINT1526A selectively binds to a5b1, thereby preventing the binding of integrin ligands. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in a5b1-expressing tumor cells. a5b1, a cell adhesion and signaling receptor, is often overexp… |
Anti-ALPP/ALPPL2/MMAE ADC SGN-ALPV |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of h12F3, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the two oncofetal phosphatases alkaline phosphatase, placental type (ALPP; placental alkaline phosphatase; PLAP), and alkaline phosphatase, placental like 2 (ALPPL2; alkaline phosphatase, germ cell) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. U… |
Anti-ANG2 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-3617 |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-ANG2 monoclonal antibody MEDI-3617 binds to Ang2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), thereby resulting in the disruption of vascular remodeling. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. |
Antiangiogenic Drug Combination TL-118 |
A proprietary, oral suspension containing a combination of agents comprised of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an alkylating agent, a histamine H2 antagonist and a sulfonamide with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Antiangiogenic drug combination TL-118 is administrated as a specific dosing regimen and may result in a synergistic effect and reduce angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. |
Anti-angiopoietin Monoclonal Antibody AMG 780 |
An immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody targeting the proangiogenic cytokines angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-angiopoietin monoclonal antibody AMG 780 binds to Ang1 and Ang2. This prevents the binding of the angiopoietin ligands to their receptor Tie2 (TEK), an endothelial cell-specific receptor tyrosine kinase. This prevents Tie2-mediated signaling and results in an inhibition of Tie2-expressing… |
Anti-ASCT2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI7247 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody against neutral amino acid transporter B(0) (ASCT2; SLC1A5) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-ASCT2 ADC MEDI7247, the antibody moiety targets and binds to ASCT2 expressed on cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internali… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody DS-5573a |
An antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-B7-H3 antibody DS-5573a binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, thereby blocking B7-H3-mediated signaling. This abrogates the inhibitory effect on T-cell activation and may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I tr… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8009 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) linked to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC BAT8009, the anti-B7-H3 antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, exatecan is released. Exatecan inhibits DNA topoisomerase I activity, thereby in… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate DB-1311 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i) P1021, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC DB-1311, the anti-B7-H3 antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, P1021 is released, and inhibits DNA topo… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate HS-20093 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell checkpoint ligand B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) covalently linked to a topoisomerase inhibitor (TOPOi), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC HS-20093, the anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the TOPOi is released, and inhibits DNA topoisom… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MGC026 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of vobramitamab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable glycan-based linker, to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC MGC026, the anti-B7-H3 antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, exatec… |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate MHB088C |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed topoisomerase-1 inhibitor via a cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC MHB088C, the antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor is released and … |
Anti-B7-H3 Antibody-drug Conjugate YL201 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) site-specifically conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed topoisomerase-1 inhibitor via a tumor protease-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3 ADC YL201, the antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the topoisomerase-1 inhib… |
Anti-B7-H3 CAR T Cells TAA06 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H3 CAR T-cells TAA06 target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 co-stimulatory protein… |
Anti-B7-H3 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H3 CAR T-cells target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. B7-H3, a type I tr… |
Anti-B7-H3/CD28 Bispecific Antibody XmAb808 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the co-stimulatory T-cell surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3/CD28 bispecific antibody XmAb808, this bispecific antibody binds to both B7-H3 on certain tumor cells and CD28 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to B7-H3-expressing tumor cel… |
Anti-B7-H3/Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate BGB-C354 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H3/topoisomerase-1 inhibitor ADC BGB-C354, the antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor is released and inhibits DNA topoisomer… |
Anti-B7-H4 Antibody Drug Conjugate BG-C9074 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell checkpoint ligand B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) linked to an as of yet unknown cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H4 ADC BG-C9074, the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent exerts an as of yet… |
Anti-B7-H4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B7H4V |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell checkpoint ligand B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) linked to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H4 ADC SGN-B7H4V, the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds … |
Anti-B7-H4 Monoclonal Antibody NC762 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody NC762 binds to B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells. This may induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against B7-H4-expressing tumor cells, which leads to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, t… |
Anti-B7-H4/ TOP1i Antibody-drug Conjugate AZD8205 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) linked to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i; TOP-Ii), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody moiety of ADC AZD8205 targets and binds to B7-H4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the TOP1i moiety is released, binds to TOP1 and stabilizes cleaved DNA-TO… |
Anti-B7-H4/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody ABL103 |
A T-cell engaging (TCE) bispecific antibody against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H4/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody ABL103 targets and binds to both B7-H4 expressed on the surface of … |
Anti-B7-H4/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody CLN-418 |
An Fc-silenced bispecific antibody against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H4/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody CLN-418 targets and binds to both B7-H4 expressed on the surface of tumor ce… |
Anti-B7-H4/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEN1047 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody against both B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) and T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H4/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody GEN1047 targets and binds to both B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of tumor cells and T-cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7… |
Anti-B7-H4/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody PF-07260437 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody against both B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) and T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H4/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody PF-07260437 targets and binds to both B7-H4 on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of tumor cells and T-cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response agains… |
Anti-B7-H4/TOP1i Antibody-drug Conjugate GSK5733584 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1) linked, via a protease-cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i; TOP-Ii), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-B7-H4/ TOP1i ADC GSK5733584, the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and … |
Anti-B7-H6/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody BI 765049 |
An immunoglobulin G (IgG)-like bispecific T-cell engaging antibody directed against both natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 ligand 1 (NCR3LG1; B7-H6) and T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H6/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody BI 765049 targets and binds to both B7-H6 on tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of B7-H6-expressing tumor cells and T-cells, redirects cytotoxic T-lymp… |
Anti-B7H7 Monoclonal Antibody HBM1020 |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against HERV-H LTR-associating protein 2 (HHLA2; B7 homolog 7; B7H7), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7H7 monoclonal antibody HBM1020 binds to B7H7 and blocks the interaction between B7H7 and its receptors. This abrogates the B7H7-mediated inhibition of T-cell and nature killer (NK) cell activation, which may lead to enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune respo… |
Anti-BAFFR Monoclonal Antibody ESG206 |
A monoclonal antibody that is directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C; TNFRSF13C; BLyS receptor 3; BR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-BAFFR monoclonal antibody ESG206 binds to and blocks BAFFR. This prevents BAFFR-mediated signaling and may kill BAFFR-expressing tumor cells. BAFFR, a protein belonging to the TNF receptor superfamily, is expressed on … |
Anti-BCMA Antibody SEA-BCMA |
A humanized, afucosylated monoclonal antibody created using the proprietary, sugar-engineered antibody (SEA) platform and directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), with potential immunoadjuvant activity. Upon administration, the anti-BCMA antibody SEA-BCMA targets and binds to BCMA expressed on tumor cells. When administered with antibody-coupled T-cell receptor (ACTR)-expressing T-cells, the ACTR-expressing T-cells bind, with high … |
Anti-BCMA Antibody-drug Conjugate AMG 224 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody conjugated via the noncleavable linker 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (MCC), to the cytotoxic maytansine-derivative, DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AMG 224 selectively binds to BCMA expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereb… |
Anti-BCMA CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer cells (NKs) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the anti-BCMA CAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a prolife… |
Anti-BCMA SparX Protein Plus BCMA-directed Anti-TAAG ARC T-cells CART-ddBCMA |
An immunotherapeutic combination agent composed of antigen receptor complex T cells (ARC-T cells) which contain a proprietary binding domain specific for a universal TAG instead of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) binding domain, and a tumor-targeting antigen protein, soluble protein antigen-receptor X-linker (sparX) protein, containing a TAG moiety fused to two B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) binding domains, with potent… |
Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN5459 |
A human bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody REGN5459 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirect… |
Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody WVT078 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody WVT078 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tu… |
Anti-BCMA/Anti-GPRC5D CAR-T Cells BMS-986453 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric antigen receptor(s) (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-GPRC5D CAR-T cells BMS-986453 specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells… |
Anti-BCMA/Anti-GPRC5D CAR-T Cells OriC321 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric antigen receptor(s) (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-BCMA/anti-GPRC5D CAR-T cells Or… |
Anti-BCMA/CD38/CD3 Trispecific Antibody ISB 2001 |
A T-cell engager and trispecific antibody targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD38 and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), andd the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-BCMA/CD38/CD3 trispecific antibody ISB 2001 simultaneously targets and binds to CD38 and BCMA expressed on tumor cells, and CD3 expressed on T-cells. The… |
Anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 Trispecific Antibody JNJ-79635322 |
A T-cell engager and trispecific antibody targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 trispecific antibody JNJ-79635322 simultaneously targets and binds to BCMA and GPRC5D e… |
Anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 Trispecific Antibody MBS314 |
A T-cell engager and trispecific antibody targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 trispecific antibody MBS314 simultaneously targets and binds to BCMA and GPRC5D express… |
Anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 Trispecific Antibody SIM0500 |
A humanized T-cell engager and trispecific antibody targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/GPRC5D/CD3 trispecific antibody SIM0500 simultaneously targets and binds to BCMA and GPR… |
Anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-BCMA/PBD ADC MEDI2228, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen BCMA expressed on certai… |
Antibody receptor-Trap Fusion Protein IMM2520 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc-containing bispecific antibody-receptor fusion protein targeting both the human cell surface antigen CD47 and the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody receptor-Trap fusion protein IMM2520 targets and binds to both CD47 and PD-L1 expressed o… |
Antibody ROSE12 |
An antibody directed against an as of yet undisclosed antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, antibody ROSE12 binds to the undisclosed antigen, which may enhance anti-tumor immune response through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). |
Antibody STING Drug Conjugate TAK-500 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed antibody conjugated to TAK-676, an agonist for the stimulator of interferon genes (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immuno-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, antibody STING drug conjugate TAK-500 targets and binds to the undisclosed target, thereby allowing TAK-676 to bind to STING. This activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironmen… |
Antibody-drug Conjugate Anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014 |
A monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) clone CR014, which targets the extracellular domain of T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1; HAVCR1), that is linked, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to the potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC anti-TIM-1-vcMMAE CDX-014, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to TIM-1. Upon internalization and proteol… |
Antibody-drug Conjugate PHN-010 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed monoclonal antibody directed against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of ADC PHN-010 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet u… |
Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-005 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to a currently undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-005 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an unknown mechanism of action. |
Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-007 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against an undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of SC-007 targets and binds to the TAA expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the TAA-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. |
Anti-BTLA Monoclonal Antibody HFB200603 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BTLA monoclonal antibody HFB200603 targets and binds to BTLA. This prevents BTLA-mediated inhibition of T-cell activation and induces the production of inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to antigen specific T-cell proliferation and activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphoc… |
Anti-BTN3A Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ICT01 |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against butyrophilin subfamily 3 member A (BTN3A; CD277), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-BTN3A agonistic monoclonal antibody ICT01 targets and binds to BTN3A present on epithelial and tumor cells. BTN3A binding may sensitize tumor cells to gamma 9 delta 2 (Vg9Vd2) T cell killing. The Vg9Vd2 T cells secrete effector cytokines and exert a cytolytic effect on tumor cells. This may abr… |
Anti-CA19-9 Antibody hu5B1/TCO Immunoconjugate |
An immunoconjugate composed of the recombinant human monoclonal antibody hu5B1, which targets the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9), that is conjugated to trans-cyclooctene (TCO), with potential use in pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT). Upon intravenous administration of anti-CA19-9 antibody hu5B1/TCO immunoconjugate (hu5B1-TCO), the anti-CA19-9 antibody moiety targets and binds to CA19-9-expressing tumor cells and unbound hu5B1-TCO is readily cleared… |
Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody BNT321 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CA19-9 monoclonal antibody BNT321 targets and binds to CA19-9, and kills CA19-9-expressing tumor cells through the induction of both complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CA19-9 is overexpressed on a number of different tumo… |
Anti-CA6-DM4 Immunoconjugate SAR566658 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated sialoglycotope CA6 (huDS6) conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CA6 monoclonal antibody moiety of SAR566658 targets and binds to the cell surface antigen CA6. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibitio… |
Anti-CAIX CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX; carbonic anhydrase 9; CA9; G250), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CAIX CAR T-cells target and bind to CAIX-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CAIX-expressing tumor cells. CAIX is a member of the carbonic anhydrase family that… |
Anti-CALRmut/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-88549968 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the mutated form of calreticulin (CALRmut; mutCALR) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CALRmut/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-88549968 targets and binds to both CALRmut expressed on CALR mutated CD34-positive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of CALRmut-expressing tumor cells and T-cells, and induces a cyto… |
Anti-Caprin-1 Monoclonal Antibody TRK-950 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against cell cycle associated protein 1 (cytoplasmic activation- and proliferation-associated protein 1; Caprin-1; CAPRIN1; RNA granule protein 105; RNG105), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-Caprin-1 monoclonal antibody TRK-950 targets and binds to Caprin-1 expressed on tumor cells. This may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), thereby killing C… |
Anti-CCR4 Monoclonal Antibody |
Any monoclonal antibody that targets C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4; CCR-4). |
Anti-CCR7 Antibody-drug Conjugate JBH492 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CCR7 ADC JBH492, the antibody moiety targets and binds to CCR7 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the ADC releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This results in the inhibition of cell division an… |
Anti-CCR7 Monoclonal Antibody CAP-100 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR7 monoclonal antibody CAP-100 targets and binds to CCR7 on tumor cells, and neutralizes ligand-mediated signaling through both ligands CCL19 and CCL21. This prevents the activity of CCR7 on tumor cells. CAP-100 is expected to prevent the migration of tumor cells to and their survival in lymphoid niches. In… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody AMG 355 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody AMG 355 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. This may reactivate antitumor immune responses. CCR8 is specifically expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tregs in mult… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody BGB-A3055 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody BGB-A3055 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. This may reactivate antitumor immune responses. CCR8 is specifically expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tregs in mu… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody CM369 |
A monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody CM369 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and depletes CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating Tregs via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may reactivate antitumor immune responses. CCR8 is specifically expressed by t… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody GS-1811 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) afucosylated monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody GS-1811 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive, immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating T regulatory (TITR) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. GS-1811 depletes CCR8-positive TITR cells via antibody-d… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody HC006 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human C-C motif chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody HC006 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive, immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating T regulatory (TITR) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This depletes CCR8-positive TITR cells via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), which may reverse the suppression of CD8+ effector T… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody RO7502175 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) afucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody RO7502175 targets and binds to the N-terminus of CCR8 on CCR8-positive, immunosuppressive tumor-infiltrating T regulatory (TITR) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This depletes CCR8-positive TITR cells via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (A… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody S-531011 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody S-531011 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. S-531011 eliminates CCR8-positive Tregs via the induction of Fc-med… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody SRF114 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) afucosylated monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody SRF114 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and depletes CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating Tregs via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody dependent cellular phagocy… |
Anti-CCR8 Monoclonal Antibody ZL-1218 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CCR8 monoclonal antibody ZL-1218 targets and binds to CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and depletes CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating Tregs via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may reactivate antitumor immune responses… |
Anti-CD117/Amanitin Antibody-drug Conjugate MGTA-117 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against CD117 (tyrosine-protein kinase KIT; c-Kit; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; SCFR), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic RNA polymerase II inhibitor amanitin, with potential antineoplastic activity and that can potentially be used as a conditioning agent to selectively deplete hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) prior to allogeneic HSC transplants or other treatments for which HSCs nee… |
Anti-CD11b Monoclonal Antibody ASD141 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the CD11b (integrin alpha-M; ITGAM; integrin alpha M chain) subunit of MAC-1 (integrin alphaM/beta2; CD11b/CD18; CR3), with potential innate immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD11b monoclonal antibody ASD141 targets, binds to and blocks the CD11b subunit of the Mac-1 receptor, thereby preventing TLT-1 (pro-T) binding to CD11b receptors on immature, innate myeloid cells in the tumor mic… |
Anti-CD122 Humanized Monoclonal Antibody Mik-Beta-1 |
A humanized version of the immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody Mik-Beta-1 (Hu-Mik-Beta-1) directed against CD122, the beta-subunit shared by the interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 receptor (IL-2/IL-15Rbeta). Upon intravenous infusion, Hu-Mik-Beta-1 binds to CD122 expressed on certain tumor cells. This blocks the binding of the inflammatory cytokines IL-2 and IL-15 to IL-2R and IL-15R, respectively, and prevents IL-2/IL-2R- and IL-15/IL-15R-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the prolifera… |
Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody CSL360 |
A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived from mouse monoclonal antibody 7G3, anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody CSL360 binds to and neutralizes CD123 which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signalling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC. |
Anti-CD123 Monoclonal Antibody KHK2823 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody against CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD123 monoclonal antibody KHK2823 binds to and neutralizes CD123, which is upregulated on leukemic stem cells (LSC) found in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This agent may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and proliferation and may prevent the uncontrolled growth and differentiation of mutated LSC. |
Anti-CD123/Anti-CD3 Bispecific DART Molecule MGD024 |
An Fc-bearing, bispecific antibody-like protein directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific DART molecule MGD024 simultaneously binds to both CD123-expressing cancer cells and CD3-expressing T-cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in the activation and prol… |
Anti-CD123/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-63709178 |
A humanized anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD123/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-63709178 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of JNJ-63709178, this bispecific … |
Anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE Antibody SAR440234 |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody comprised of a humanized Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) backbone and two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes and another directed against the alpha-chain of the interleukin-3 receptor (IL-3RA; CD123), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD123/CD3 BiTE antibody SAR440234 binds to both CD3 expressed on T-cells and CD12… |
Anti-CD123/Kinesin Spindle Protein Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate VIP943 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-3 (IL3)-receptor alpha chain (CD123; IL-3RA), conjugated, via a legumain-cleavable linker, to a physicochemically-modiffied payload composed of a kinesin spindle protein inhibitor (KSPi), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123/KSPi ADC VIP943, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and transport to … |
Anti-CD123/TOP1i Antibody-drug Conjugate AZD9829 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-3 (IL3)-receptor alpha chain (CD123; IL-3RA) conjugated to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123/TOP1i ADC AZD9829, the antibody moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen CD123 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the TOP1i moiety is released, binds to TOP1 and stabilizes cleaved DNA-TOP1 complex… |
Anti-CD123-Pyrrolobenzodiazepine Dimer Antibody Drug Conjugate SGN-CD123A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD123 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a stable maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC SGN-CD123A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the … |
Anti-CD133-CAR Vector-transduced Allogeneic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the chimeric CD (cluster of differentiation) 133 antigen receptor, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD133-CAR vector-transduced allogeneic T-lymphocytes specifically recognize and kill CD133-expressing tumor cells. CD133, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed on a va… |
Anti-CD133-PE38-KDEL Fusion Protein |
A fusion protein consisting of an anti-single-chain variable fragment (scFv) peptide sequence targeting the extracellular domain of human CD133 (prominin-1) (anti-CD133scFV) and a deimmunized truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (38-kDa derivative of PE; PE38) where the five C-terminal amino acid residues have been replaced with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal, KDEL, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-CD133-PE38-KDEL fusion protein, the… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG106 |
A human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ADG106 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune respons… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ADG206 |
An Fc-enhanced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) covalently linked to a peptide mask, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody ADG206 is selectively activated in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and targets, binds to, and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subset… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody AGEN2373 |
A conditionally-active, fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody AGEN2373 targets and binds to a non-ligand blocking epitope on CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymph… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody CTX-471 |
A fully human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody CTX-471 binds to and activates CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production a… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody EU101 |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody EU101 targets and binds to CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (C… |
Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody YH004 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137 agonistic monoclonal antibody YH004 targets and binds to CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-me… |
Anti-CD137/Anti-FAP Bispecific Antibody BI 765179 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and fibroblast activation protein (FAP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137/anti-FAP bispecific antibody BI 765179 targets and binds to both FAP, expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma, and CD137, expressed on the surface of immune cells including activated T-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) … |
Anti-CD137/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody AP203 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137/PD-L1 bispecific antibody AP203 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby crosslink… |
Anti-CD137/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS222 |
A tetravalent immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD137/PD-L1 bispecific antibody FS222 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expres… |
Anti-CD138 Antibody-IFNalpha Fusion Protein QXL138AM |
A masked immunocytokine (MIC) comprised of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) syndecan-1 (CD138) that is fused to the human cytokine interferon alpha (IFNalpha; IFN-alpha; IFNa) which is attached by a tumor-protease cleavable linker to a peptide mask, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD138 antibody-IFNalpha fusion protein QXL138AM targets and binds to CD138 expressed on tumor cells. In tur… |
Anti-CD147 Monoclonal Antibody DS-1471 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD147 (Basigin; EMMPRIN; extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer; OX47; 5A11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD147 monoclonal antibody DS-1471 targets and binds to CD147, thereby inhibiting the binding of CD147 to its binding molecules and CD147 molecular chaperone functions. This inhibits CD147-mediated stabilization and recycling of various CD147-binding proteins, including C… |
Anti-CD157 Monoclonal Antibody MEN1112 |
A humanized, Fc engineered, de-fucosylated monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 (BST1/CD157), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, anti-CD157 monoclonal antibody MEN1112 specifically binds to and induces an antibody dependent cell cytotoxic (ADCC) response against CD157-expressing tumor cells. CD157, also known as ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored transmembrane … |
Anti-CD163 Monoclonal Antibody OR2805 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive receptor CD163 (scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD163 monoclonal antibody OR2805 targets and binds to CD163 expressed on immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and prevents the binding of CD163 to its ligands. This inhibits CD163-mediate… |
Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate IKS03 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19), that is site-specifically conjugated with a tumor-cleavable beta-glucuronide linker to a tumor-cleavable prodrug of pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-CD19 ADC IKS03 targets and binds to CD19 expressed on tumor cells. Upon… |
Anti-CD19 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD19B |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody (hBU12ec) with engineered cysteines (EC-mAb) conjugated, via a maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer (SGD-1882), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD19 ADC SGN-CD19B, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, which is found on B-cell-der… |
Anti-CD19 Antibody-T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells ET019003 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been engineered by incorporating an as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory molecule into T-cells expressing an anti-CD19 antibody T-cell receptor (AbTCR) structure (ET190L1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 AbTCR-expressing T-cells ET019003 targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of CD19-positive tumor cells. The bind… |
Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells AT101 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 CAR T cells AT101 recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specif… |
Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells XLCART001 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 CAR T-cells XLCART001 targets and binds to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell spe… |
Anti-CD19 CAR-IL-18-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), and expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD19 CAR-IL-18-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. IL-18 promotes T-cell persistence an… |
Anti-CD19 Cord Blood-derived CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer (NK) cells that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19 CB-derived CAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 is a B-cell… |
Anti-CD19 iCAR NK Cells |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express an inhibitory chimeric antigen receptor (iCAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19 iCAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The iCAR is designed to spare normal cells from NK cell actions by including an inhibitory receptor that … |
Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody DI-B4 |
A low-fucosylated, humanized, IgG1 isotype, monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody DI-B4 binds to CD19, which may result in a strong antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed at CD19-expressing B-cells but with minimal complement dependent cytotoxicity. DI-B4 contains low levels of fucose, which contributes to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is … |
Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1342 |
A fully human anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody MDX-1342 binds to CD19, depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. CD19 is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages. |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD20/Anti-CD22 CAR-T Cells LCAR-AIO |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), CD20 and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/anti-CD20/anti-CD22 CAR-T cells LCAR-AIO target and bind to CD19, CD20 and CD22 expressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. This induce… |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Bispecific Immunotoxin DT2219ARL |
An immunotoxin consisting of two scFv ligands recognizing human CD19 and CD22 linked to the first 389 amino acids of diphtheria toxin (DT), DT 390, with potential antineoplastic activity. The VH and VL regions of anti-CD22 (sFv) and anti-CD19 are reversed and linked by an aggregration stabilizing linker (ARL) consisting of a 20 amino acid segment of human muscle aldolase (hma) and an Xho1-compatible restriction site; the CDR3 region of the VH of anti-CD22 sFv is mutated to enhance its affinit… |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD3/Anti-CD2 Trispecific Antibody PIT565 |
A trispecific T-cell engager and antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, the T-cell surface antigen CD3, and the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/anti-CD3/anti-CD2 trispecific antibody PIT565 targets and binds to CD3 and CD2 on T-cells and CD19 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressi… |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD3/Anti-CD28 Trispecific Antibody CC312 |
A trispecific T-cell engager and antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, the T-cell surface antigen CD3, and the T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory molecule CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/anti-CD3/anti-CD28 trispecific antibody CC312 targets and binds to CD3 and CD28 on T-cells and CD19 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte … |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19- and CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD19… |
Anti-CD19/Anti-CD79b 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/anti-CD79b 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19- and… |
Anti-CD19/CD20 Bicistronic CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a bicistronic vector encoding two distinct chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), one against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and the other one against the TAA CD20, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/CD20 bicistronic CAR T-cells target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing CD19 and/or CD20. CD19 and CD20, both transmembrane phosphoglycopr… |
Anti-CD19/CD20/CD22 CAR T-Cells |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), CD20 and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/CD20/CD22 CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19, CD20 and CD22 expressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing these TAAs. The TAAs are overexpre… |
Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR NK Cells |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD19/CD22 CAR-NK cells target and bind to CD19 and CD22 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing these TAAs. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosph… |
Anti-CD19/CD28 Bispecific Antibody RO7443904 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD28 bispecific antibody RO7443904 targets and binds to both CD28 expressed on T-cells and CD19 expressed on tumor cells, which crosslinks the T-cells to the tumor cells. This may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD1… |
Anti-CD19/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CN201 |
A bispecific antibody and a T-cell engager targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 bispecific antibody CN201 binds to both the CD3 antigen on T-cells and the CD19 antigen expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells… |
Anti-CD19/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GNR-084 |
A bispecific antibody and a T-cell engager targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 bispecific antibody GNR-084 binds to both the CD3 antigen on T-cells and the CD19 antigen expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cel… |
Anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 562 |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 562 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD19 antigen expressed on malignant B-cells. This activates and… |
Anti-CD19/CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody CLN-978 |
A half-life extended T-cell engaging bispecific antibody comprised of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, a scFv targeting the T-cell surface antigen CD3, and a single-domain heavy chain variable domain (VHH)-based antibody specific for human serum albumin (HSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19/CD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody CLN-978 targets and binds to both CD19 anti… |
Anti-CD19/CD3 Tetravalent Antibody AFM11 |
An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD19/CD3 tetravalent antibody AFM11 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon bolus infusion of AFM11, this bispecific antibody binds to CD3-expressing T-ce… |
Anti-CD19-CAR CMV-specific T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T-lymphocytes that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19-CAR CMV-specific T-lymphocytes recognize, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen overexpressed in B-cell lineage malignancie… |
Anti-CD19-CAR FMC63-28Z Retroviral Vector-transduced Allogeneic T-lymphocytes |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of both the light and heavy chain variable regions of anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody FMC63, coupled to the molecule CD28 and the signaling domain of the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR) (FMC63-28Z), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the anti-CD19-CAR FMC63-28Z retroviral … |
Anti-CD19-CAR Retroviral Vector-Transduced Autologous T Cells |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19-CAR retroviral vector-transduced autologous T cells direct the T-ly… |
Anti-CD19-CAR-CD28/CD20-CAR-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes Hu1928-Hu20BB |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express the CAR construct Hu1928-Hu20BB that consists of two chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) constructs: one encoding a fully-human anti-CD19 CAR with a co-stimulatory domain of CD28, Hu19-CD828, and one encoding a human anti-CD20 CAR with a co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137), Hu20BB, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-infusion, the anti-CD19-CAR-CD28/CD20-CAR-4-1BB-… |
Anti-CD19-CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-Expressing Allogenic Natural Killer Cells |
Allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells transduced with an mRNA expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. NK cells from haploidentical donors are expanded in culture and electroporated with the CAR mRNA. Upon transfusion of the transduced cultured cells, CD19CAR-CD… |
Anti-CD19-CD20-CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 in tandem with an anti-CD20 scFv, and coupled to the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, anti-CD19-CD20-CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing autol… |
Anti-CD19-Glucosteroid Receptor Modulator ADC ABBV-31 |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an afucosylated immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 conjugated to a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulator (GRM), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD19-GRM ADC ABBV-319 targets and binds to CD19. thereby inducing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Additionally, by delivering the GRM payload directly to CD19-expr… |
Anti-CD1d/Vdelta2 Gamma Delta T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody LAVA-051 |
A humanized bispecific gamma delta T-cell engager (TCE) antibody directed against both CD1d and Vdelta2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD1d gamma delta T-cell engaging bispecific antibody LAVA-051 binds to both CD1d-expressing tumor cells and Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells. This activates and redirects the Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells to CD1d-expressing tumor cells, and the Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct k… |
Anti-CD20 Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated via a valine citrulline linker to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD20 ADC MRG001, the monoclonal antibody moiety of MRG001 targets and binds to CD20 on the surfaces of tumor B-cells and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteo… |
Anti-CD20 Antibody-drug Conjugate TRS005 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated via a valine-citrulline linker to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-CD20 ADC TRS005 targets and binds to CD20 on the surfaces of tumor B-cells. Upon internalization and cleavage, MMAE is released. MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polyme… |
Anti-CD20 B9E9 scFv-Streptavidin Fusion Protein |
An Escherichia coli periplasm-expressed tetrameric fusion protein composed of four single-chain variable regions (scFv) of the murine immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody B9E9 fused to the streptavidin (SA) gene of Streptomyces avidinii (scFv-SA), with potential use in pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT). Upon intravenous administration of the anti-CD20 B9E9 scFv-SA fusion protein, this agent targets and binds to CD20-expressing tumor cells. Subsequently, a biotinylated N-a… |
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody B001 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody B001 specifically binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells. Although the exact mechanisms through which B001 exert its effects have not been elucidated, B001 may induce a B-cell directed cell-mediated immune response against CD20-expressing B-cells and/or prevent CD20-medaited signaling. This induces tumor cell apoptosis… |
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody BAT4306F |
A recombinant, glycosylation-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody BAT4306F, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CD20, a non… |
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody MIL62 |
A glyco-engineered recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody MIL62, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition… |
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody PRO131921 |
A third-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody PRO131921 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20. This may result in the induction of a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein whi… |
Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody TL011 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody TL011 specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 antigen (MS4A1; membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1), thereby potentially triggering an immune response against CD20-positive B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell… |
Anti-CD20/anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody CM355 |
A bispecific antibody and novel T cell engager1 (nTCE) targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 and the CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-cd20/anti-cd3 bispecific antibody CM355 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. CD20 is exclusively expr… |
Anti-CD20/Anti-CD3/Anti-CD8 Trispecific Antibody AZD5492 |
A trispecific immunoglobulin G (IgG)-like T-cell engaging (TCE) antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 and the T-cell surface antigens CD3 and CD8, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD20/anti-CD3/anti-CD8 trispecific antibody AZD5492 targets and binds to CD20 on CD20-expressing tumor B-cell, and the CD3 and CD8 antigens on CD8-positive T-lymphocytes. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphoc… |
Anti-CD20/CD3 Bispecific Antibody EX103 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific antibody EX103 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD20 on CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B cells. CD20 is exclusively expressed on B cells during mo… |
Anti-CD20/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JS203 |
A recombinant bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD20/CD3 bispecific antibody JS203 binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. CD20 is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stag… |
Anti-CD20/CD37 Monoclonal Antibody Combination PSB202 |
A combination agent composed of two humanized monoclonal antibodies, PSB102, an Fc-enhanced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and PSB107, an IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the TAA CD37, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD20/CD37 monoclonal antibody combination PSB202 specifically targets and binds to CD20 and CD3… |
Anti-CD200R1 Monoclonal Antibody 23ME-00610 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein CD200 receptor 1 (CD200R1; CD200R; HCRTR2; MOX2R; OX2R; CD200 receptor 1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD200R1 monoclonal antibody 23ME-00610 targets and binds to CD200R1, thereby preventing the interaction of CD200R1 with its ligand CD200, which is highly expressed on certain tumor cell types, and preventing its activi… |
Anti-CD205 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBT076 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-CD205 (lymphocyte antigen 75; Ly75) humanized immunoglobin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated to DM4, a maytansinoid microtubule disruptor, via a cleavable N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio) butanoate (SPDB) linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD205 ADC OBT076 specifically targets and binds to CD205, a receptor involved in antigen capture and endocytosis, expressed on tumor cells. Fol… |
Anti-CD20-CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-lymphocyte Cells |
A preparation of autologous blood T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD20 scFv (single chain variable fragment); the cytoplasmic portion of the human TCR-[zeta] molecule; and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, anti-CD20-CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing autologous T-lymphocyte cells direct T-cells to CD20-expressing tumor cells…. |
Anti-CD20-engineered Toxin Body MT-3724 |
An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of the single-chain variable fragment (ScFv) from an antibody targeting CD20 that is linked to a modified form of the ribosome-inactivating alpha subunit of Shiga-like toxin 1 (Shiga-like Toxin-1 A or SLT-1A), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the ScFv moiety of anti-CD20-engineered toxin body MT-3724 targets and binds to the CD20 antigen expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, the SLT-1A moiety is released and acts as an N-glyc… |
Anti-CD22 ADC TRPH-222 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an anti-CD22 humanized monoclonal antibody site-specifically conjugated to, via formylglycine (FG) residues and a protease insensitive 4AP linker, a cytotoxic microtubule-targeting maytansinoid payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of TRPH-222 binds to B-cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering the payload intracellularly. Upon proteolytic cleavage, t… |
Anti-CD22 scFv TCRz:41BB-CAR Lentiviral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from a patient with CD22-positive cancer are transduced with this lentiviral vector that encodes the … |
Anti-CD22/Anti-CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5837 |
A hinge-stabilized human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD22 and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD22/anti-CD28 bispecific antibody REGN5837 targets and binds to both CD28 expressed on T-cells and CD22 expressed on tumor cells, which crosslinks the T-cells to the tumor cells. This may result in the activa… |
Anti-CD226 Agonist Antibody LY3435151 |
An agonistic antibody targeting the human cell surface glycoprotein CD226 (DNAX accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD226 agonist antibody LY3435151 targets and binds to CD226 on a variety of immune cell types, including T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells, B-cells and monocytes. This induces CD226-dependent signaling pathways, which may trigger the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activate T-… |
Anti-CD228/4-1BB Bispecific Agent SGN-BB228 |
A bispecific agent composed of a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation (CD228; melanotransferrin; MFI2; MELTF; p97) fused to a binding protein targeting the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD228/4-1BB bispecific agent SGN-BB228 simultaneously targets and binds to … |
Anti-CD228/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD228A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting the cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation (CD228; melanotransferrin; MFI2; MELTF) that is conjugated, via a beta-glucuronidase-cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the antibody moiety of anti-CD228/MMAE ADC SGN-CD228A targets and binds to CD228 on the surface of tumor cells. Following … |
Anti-CD22-CAR m971-BBz Lentiviral Vector-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody (moAb) 971 (m971), and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from a pat… |
Anti-CD24 Monoclonal Antibody ATG-031 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface protein CD24, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD24 monoclonal antibody ATG-031 targets and binds to CD24 expressed on tumor cells, thereby blocking the interaction of CD24 with sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 10 (Siglec-10) expressed on innate immune cells including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents CD24/Siglec-… |
Anti-CD24/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody IBD0333 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD24/anti-4-1BB bispecific monoclonal antibody IBD0333 simultaneously targets and binds to CD24 expressed on the surface of tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets incl… |
Anti-CD25 Monoclonal Antibody BA1106 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha; IL-2R alpha; IL-2Ra), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody BA1106 targets and binds to CD25 expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells. This may deplete Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and prevent immunosuppression, thereby increasing the number of effector T (Teff) c… |
Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody YS110 |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (CD26; DPP4; DPP IV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD26 monoclonal antibody YS110, this antibody targets and binds to CD26 expressed on tumor cells. This inhibits CD26 activity and causes internalization of CD26-YS110. This leads to cell cycle arrest, lysis and inhibition of growth in CD26-positive tumor cells. YS110 also induces … |
Anti-CD27 Monoclonal Antibody GEN1053/BNT313 |
A monospecific hexamer-forming antibody, based on the HexaBody technology platform, directed against the cell surface antigen CD27, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD27 monoclonal antibody GEN1053/BNT313 targets and binds to CD27 expressed on a variety of immune cell types, including most T-lymphocytes, and forming a hexamer upon binding. This induces CD27-mediated signaling, and enhances CD27-mediated responses, including the expansio… |
Anti-CD27L Antibody-Drug Conjugate AMG 172 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD27L conjugated, via a non-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to CD27L on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting both cell division and proliferation of cancer cells that exp… |
Anti-CD3 Immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) |
A bivalent recombinant fusion protein immunotoxin derived from the anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody UCHT1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD3 immunotoxin A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) consists of 1-390 amino acid residues of chain A diphtheria toxin (DT) joined via a spacer to the Fv fragment of UCHT1, which is connected to a second UCHT1 Fv fragment via a disulfide bond (hence the “bisFv” designation); the addition of the second Fv fragment overcomes the steric hindrance of immunotoxin b… |
Anti-CD3 OKT3/Humanized Anti-GD2 3F8 Bispecific Antibody-activated T Lymphocytes |
Autologous activated T cells that have been coated with bispecific antibodies (BiAb) comprised of anti-CD3 murine monoclonal antibody OKT3 heteroconjugated to anti-GD2 humanized monoclonal antibody 3F8 (hu3F8), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. In vitro, T cells are exposed to OKT3, which binds to the T cell receptor-CD3 complex on the T cell surface, crosslinks the CD3 receptors and leads to T cell activation. In turn, the hu3F8 monoclonal antibody is heteroconju… |
Anti-CD3 x Anti-CD20 Bispecific Antibody-Armed Activated T Cells |
Autologous activated T cells that have been coated with bispecific antibodies (BiAb), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. In vitro, T cells are activated through exposure to the anti-CD3 murine monoclonal antibody OKT3 and low-dose interleukin 2 (Il-2) for 6-14 days and then armed with anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 bispecific antibody (CD20Bi). Upon administration, anti-CD3 x anti-CD20 bispecific antibody-armed activated T cells (AATC) attach to CD3-expressing T cells and CD… |
Anti-CD3/Anti-5T4 Bispecific Antibody GEN1044 |
A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 and oncofetal antigen 5T4, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-5T4 bispecific antibody GEN1044 simultaneously targets and binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells and 5T4 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the 5T4-expressing tumor cells. 5T4, a … |
Anti-CD3/Anti-BCMA Bispecific Antibody TQB2934 |
A T-cell engaging, human, bispecific, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-BCMA bispecific antibody TQB2934 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing … |
Anti-CD3/Anti-CD20 Trifunctional Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody FBTA05 |
A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. FBTA05 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B cells during most stages of B cell development and often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendr… |
Anti-CD3/Anti-Claudin18.2 Bispecific Antibody IBI389 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-CLDN18.2 bispecific antibody IBI389 simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CLDN18.2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in th… |
Anti-CD3/Anti-EGFR-bispecific Monoclonal Antibody-armed Activated Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous activated T-cells that have been coated with bispecific antibodies (BiAb) comprised of an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody heteroconjugated to an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3 x anti-EGFR bispecific antibody-armed activated T-cells (AATC) attach to and selectively cross-link CD3-expressing T-cells and EGFR-expressing tumor cells. This results in the activatio… |
Anti-CD3/Anti-GUCY2C Bispecific Antibody PF-07062119 |
A bispecific antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C; GCC; guanylyl cyclase C; heat-stable enterotoxin receptor; hSTAR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/anti-GUCY2C bispecific antibody PF-07062119 targets and binds to both CD3 on T-cells and GUCY2C expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against G… |
Anti-CD3/CD19/CD20 Trispecific Antibody 1A46 |
A trispecific immunoglobulin G (IgG)-like T-cell engaging antibody targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD3/CD19/CD20 trispecific antibody 1A46 binds to CD19- and/or CD20-expressing tumor B-cell and CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to CD19- and/or CD20-expressin… |
Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody AMG 424 |
A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) targeting CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD3/CD38 bispecific monoclonal antibody AMG 424 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a typ… |
Anti-CD3/CD38 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody IGM-2644 |
An engineered bispecific, pentameric immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody directed against CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. IGM-2644 consists of ten CD38 binding sites and an anti-CD3epsilon single chain variable fragment (scFv) domain fused to a joining chain. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD3/CD38 bispecific monoclonal antibody IGM-2644 targets and binds to bot… |
Anti-CD3/CD7-Ricin Toxin A Immunotoxin |
An immunotoxin (IT) combination composed of two antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), one containing a monoclonal antibody against CD3 and one against the CD7 antigen on activated T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, and both conjugated to ricin toxin A (RTA), the A-chain form of the potent plant toxin ricin, that can potentially be used to destroy activated T- and NK cells. Upon administration of the anti-CD3/CD7-RTA immunotoxin, the anti-CD3 antibody moiety targets and binds to activated T-cel… |
Anti-CD3/MUC1 Antibody-armed PD-1 Inhibitor-induced Cytokine-induced Killer Cells |
A preparation of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs), which have been exposed, ex vivo, to a specific set of cytokines and a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, mixed with a bispecific anti-cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3)/anti-mucin-1 (MUC1) antibody, with potential anti-tumor cytotoxic activity. Upon administration of the anti-CD3/MUC1 antibody-armed PD-1 inhibitor-induced CIKs, the antibody moiety binds to both CD3 on the CIKs and MUC1 on cancer cells. This crosslinks the … |
Anti-CD30 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-35C |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of brentuximab (cAC10), a chimeric immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8; TNFRSF8), conjugated to a camptothecin-derived topoisomerase 1 inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD30 ADC SGN-35C targets and binds to CD30 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the TO… |
Anti-CD30 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-35T |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of brentuximab (cAC10), a chimeric immunoglobuin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 8; TNFRSF8) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable tripeptide linker, comprised of D-leucine-alanine-glutamate (DLAE), to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD30 ADC SGN-35T target… |
Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1401 |
A fully human, second-generation, nonfucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody MDX-1401 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutive… |
Anti-CD30 Monoclonal Antibody XmAb2513 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD30 with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody XmAb2513 specifically binds to the CD30 antigen, which may result in a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD30-expressing tumor cells. CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on activated lymphocytes transiently and is constitutively expressed in hematologic malignancies including Hodgki… |
Anti-CD30/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEN3017 |
An Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD30 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8; TNFRSF8) and T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD30/CD3 bispecific antibody GEN3017 targets and binds to both CD30 on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of tumor cells and T-cells, and induces a… |
Anti-CD30/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate F0002 |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of F0002 targets and binds to CD30-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and internaliza… |
Anti-CD32B Monoclonal Antibody BI-1206 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the Fc gamma receptor IIB (FcgRIIB; CD32B) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD32B monoclonal antibody BI-1206 selectively binds to CD32B, a receptor expressed on the surface of B-cells. This prevents CD32B-mediated internalization of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, which abrogates tumor cell resistance caused by CD32B-mediated monoclonal antibody internalization … |
Anti-CD33 Antibody-drug Conjugate IMGN779 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody Z4681A conjugated, via a cleavable disulfide linker, to the cytotoxic DNA alkylating agent DGN462, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing a mono-imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DGN462 conjugate IMGN779 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, th… |
Anti-CD33 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD33 CAR T-cells specifically recognize and kill CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells. |
Anti-CD33 GSPT1 Degrader BMS-986497 |
A targeted protein degrader (TPD) composed of OR000283, an antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33), conjugated, via a cleavable beta-glucuronide linker, to SMol006, a membrane-permeable selective molecular glue degrader (MGD) of the translational termination factor GSPT1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD33 GSPT1 degrader BMS-986497 specifically targets and binds, with its antibody moiety,… |
Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836858 |
An engineered, fully human, immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody BI 836858 induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD33-expressing tumor cells, leading to cell death. CD33, a cell surface antigen expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, is overexpressed on myeloid leukemia cells. |
Anti-CD33 Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Conjugate AVE9633 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody huMy9-6 conjugated to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody-DM4 conjugate AVE9633 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33 expressed on myeloid leukemia cells; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released, binds tubulin, and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in the inhibition of cell divi… |
Anti-CD33/CD123/CD70 DARPin CD3 Engager MP0533 |
A multi-specific T-cell engaging designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin) composed of a chain of six covalently linked DARPin domains of which three domains target the three tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33), CD123 and CD70, one domain targets CD3 on T-cells and two domains target human serum albumin (HSA) to prolong half-life, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD33/CD123/CD70 DARPin CD3 engager MP0533… |
Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and CD33 on CD33-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD33-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of CD33-exp… |
Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody GEM 333 |
A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody GEM 333, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expr… |
Anti-CD33/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-67571244 |
A bispecific antibody possessing two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD33/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-67571244 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen expressed on certain tumor ce… |
Anti-CD352 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD352A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered cysteine humanized monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb) targeting CD352 (SLAM family member 6; SLAM6) that is conjugated to the cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD352 ADC SGN-CD352A, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD352. Upon antibody/antigen binding, internalization, and lysosome uptake, the cytotoxic P… |
Anti-CD37 MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS67E |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of AGS67C, a human anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via reduced cysteines and a protease cleavable linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AGS67E binds to CD37 antigens on tumor B-cells and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon proteolytic … |
Anti-CD37 Monoclonal Antibody BI 836826 |
An Fc-engineered, chimeric immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody BI 836826 both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis in these tumor cells. BI 836826 is Fc-engineered to improve ADCC activity and enhance affinity for the receptor … |
Anti-CD37-CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37 (cluster of differentiation 37), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD37-CAR T-cells specifically recognize and kill CD37-expressing tumor cells. CD37, a member of the tetraspanin superfamily of cell surface antigens, is expressed in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), in chronic… |
Anti-CD38 Antibody-drug Conjugate STI-6129 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of STI-5171, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD38, site-specifically conjugated, via a non-polyethylene glycol linker, to a monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF)-derived cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD38 ADC STI-6129, the antibody moiety targets and binds to CD38 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internaliza… |
Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody CID-103 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody CID-103 specifically targets and binds to CD38 expressed on tumor cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells a… |
Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SAR442085 |
A preparation of Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SAR442085 targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eve… |
Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SCTC21C |
A monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface glycoprotein CD38, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SCTC21C targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may kill, possiby through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or other responses, CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies. |
Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody SG301 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface glycoprotein CD38, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody SG301 targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and ma… |
Anti-CD38/Anti-CD47 Bispecific Antibody ISB 1442 |
A human bispecific antibody directed against the human cell surface glycoproteins CD38 and CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the biparatopic anti-CD38 moiety of anti-CD38/anti-CD47 bispecific antibody ISB 1442 targets and binds to different regions of CD38 on CD38-expressing tumor cells, and enables the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to CD38/CD47-expressing tumor cells. The CD47 binding by ISB 1442 blocks the int… |
Anti-CD38/BCMA CAR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a dual-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) recognizing the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-CD38/BCMA CAR T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in both … |
Anti-CD38/CD28xCD3 Tri-specific Monoclonal Antibody SAR442257 |
A tri-specific T-cell engager and monoclonal antibody targeting CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD28, a T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory molecule, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD38/CD3/CD28 tri-specific monoclonal antibody SAR442257 targets and binds to CD3 and CD28 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may t… |
Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1342 |
A humanized, bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsAb) against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and the human cell surface glycoprotein CD38, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD38/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1342 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against … |
Anti-CD38/CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody XmAb18968 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD38, a human cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD3/CD38 bispecific monoclonal antibody XmAb18968 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD38 expressed on tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprot… |
Anti-CD38-CAR-TCRz/4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) that is linked to tandem costimulatory domains of the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3z) and 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD38-CAR-TCRz/4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocyt… |
Anti-CD39 Antibody/TGF-beta RII Ectodomain Fusion Protein ES014 |
A fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1) and fused to the transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta RII) ectodomain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39/TGF-beta RII ectodomain fusion protein ES014 specifically and simultaneously targets and binds to the CD39 anti… |
Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody AB598 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc-silent human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody AB598 specifically targets and binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AM… |
Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody IPH5201 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody IPH5201 specifically targets and binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of the immune-stimulatory adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to… |
Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody JS019 |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody JS019 specifically targets and binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to… |
Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody PUR001 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD39 monoclonal antibody PUR001 specifically targets and binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase in the extr… |
Anti-CD4 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD4 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD4 CAR T-cells target and bind to CD4-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD4-expressing tumor cells. CD4 … |
Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody YH003 |
A humanized agonistic antibody targeting the immune checkpoint human B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD40 agonist antibody YH003 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune… |
Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody CDX-1140 |
A fully human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CDX-1140 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response … |
Anti-CD40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody MIL97 |
A recombinant, humanized, agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD40 agonist monoclonal antibody MIL97 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-med… |
Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LNF1901 |
A humanized, agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD40 agonistic monoclonal antibody LNF1901 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated imm… |
Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody Chi Lob 7/4 |
An IgG1 chimeric monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody Chi Lob 7/4 binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activating B cells and T cells, and enhancing the immune response; in addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces … |
Anti-CD40/Anti-mesothelin Bispecific Antibody ABBV-428 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the cell-surface receptor CD40 and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD40/anti-MSLN bispecific antibody ABBV-428, the anti-MSLN moiety targets and binds to MSLN expressed on tumor cells. The agonistic anti-CD40 moiety targets and binds to various CD40-expressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and induces CD40-dependent si… |
Anti-CD44 Monoclonal Antibody RO5429083 |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, RO5429083 binds to the constant region of the extracellular domain of CD44, thereby preventing the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may lead to a reduction in the proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, … |
Anti-CD44v9 Antibody-drug Conjugate AMT-116 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9), linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor (TOP1i) and belotecan derivative KL610023 via a hydrolysable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-CD44v9 ADC AMT-116, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to CD44v9 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and interna… |
Anti-CD45 BC8 Monoclonal Antibody-Streptavidin Conjugate |
An immunoconjugate containing a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD45 antigen BC8, conjugated to streptavidin, a nonglycosylated homotetrameric protein that has four high affinity binding sites for biotin. Anti-CD45 BC8 antibody-streptavidin conjugate binds to CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. Upon administration of a biotin-based radioconjugate, the biotin moiety of the radioconjugate binds… |
Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12 |
A high affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 recognizes CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase that is expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. |
Anti-CD46 Antibody-drug Conjugate FOR46 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cluster of differentiation 46 (CD46; membrane cofactor protein; MCP) and conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD46 ADC FOR46 specifically targets and binds to a specific conformational epitope on the immune modulatory receptor CD46 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic pa… |
Anti-CD47 ADC SGN-CD47M |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against human cell surface antigen CD47 conjugated to an as of yet not fully elucidated toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SGN-CD47M, the anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to CD47 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the toxin moiety kills tumor cells through a mechanism of action that has not been elucidated. CD47, also called integrin-associated prot… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody |
Any monoclonal antibody that targets the CD47 antigen. |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody AO-176 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody AO-176 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells because it exhibits enhanced binding at the acidic pH found in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macro… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody CC-90002 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody CC-90002 selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody HMPL-A83 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody HMPL-A83 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrop… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-002 |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody IMC-002 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage … |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody MIL95 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody MIL95 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocyt… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1603 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody SHR-1603 preferentially binds to CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhi… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody STI-6643 |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody STI-6643 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocyto… |
Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody ZL-1201 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody ZL-1201 targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macroph… |
Anti-CD47/Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody D3L-001 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD47/anti-HER2 bispecific antibody D3L-001, the anti-HER2 moiety selectively targets and binds to HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the HER2-expre… |
Anti-CD47/Anti-mesothelin Bispecific Antibody NI-1801 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific human antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD47/anti-MSLN bispecific antibody NI-1801, the anti-MSLN arm selectively targets and binds to MSLN expressed on MSLN-positive cancer cells, thereby improving specific binding of the anti-CD47 arm to the MSLN-ex… |
Anti-CD47/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody PF-07257876 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the human cell surface antigen CD47 and the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD47/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody PF-07257876 targets and binds to both CD47 and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by PF-07257876 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal r… |
Anti-CD47/CD20 Bispecific Antibody CC-96673 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) affinity-tuned bispecific antibody directed against both the B-cell-specific membrane protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD47/CD20 bispecific antibody CC-96673, the anti-CD20 moiety selectively targets and binds with high affinity to CD20 on CD20-positive B-cells, and the anti-CD47 moiety … |
Anti-CD48/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD48A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD48 that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a proprietary next-generation PEGylated glucuronide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of anti-CD48 ADC SGN-CD48A binds to CD48 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of the ADC, the MMAE binds to tubulin and i… |
Anti-CD52 Monoclonal Antibody ALLO-647 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD52 (CAMPATH-1 antigen; Cambridge pathology 1 antigen), with potential immunodepleting activity. Upon administration, anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody ALLO-647 selectively targets and binds to CD52, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in the lysis of CD52-positive lymphocytes. This leads to immunodepletion and may prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of ma… |
Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells BT-007 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, the co-immunostimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB (CD137) and the intracellular CD3 zeta domain (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD7 CAR T cells BT-007 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, res… |
Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells SenL-T7 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD7 CAR T cells SenL-T7 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells an… |
Anti-CD7 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD7 CAR T-cells specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells and their … |
Anti-CD7 CAR-T Cells RD13-02 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD7 CAR-T cells RD13-02 specifically target and kill CD7-expressing tumor cells. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells and their precursors. It is expressed in the majority of lymphoblast… |
Anti-CD70 Antibody-Drug Conjugate MDX-1203 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to a prodrug of a CC-1065 (rachelmycin) analogue via a stable peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate MDX-1203 selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the prodrug moiety is released an… |
Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate PRO1160 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70), conjugated via a cleavable, hydrophilic linker to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD70 ADC PRO1160, the anti-CD70 antibody moiety targets and binds to CD70-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, exatecan is released. Exatecan … |
Anti-CD70 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-CD70A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing an engineered cysteine monoclonal antibody (EC-mAb), directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the synthetic, cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent, pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, via a stable, protease-cleavable, peptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of the anti-CD70 antibody-drug conjugate SGN-CD70A selectively binds to the extracellular do… |
Anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant viral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of one or more binding domains that target the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7) fused to one or more co-stimulatory TCR-signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CD70 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes… |
Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody IMM40H |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD70, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD70 monoclonal antibody IMM40H selectivity targets and binds to CD70, which blocks CD70-mediated signaling. This may inhibit cellular proliferation and survival of CD70-expressing tumor cells, and may modulate the immune system to inhibit inflammatory signals and increase antigen-specific T-cel… |
Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1411 |
A glycoengineered, fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD70 fully human monoclonal antibody MDX-1411 selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of CD70, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is … |
Anti-CD70 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD70 |
A humanized, nonfucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the human CD70 antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD70 monoclonal antibody sugar-engineered antibody (SEA)-CD70 selectivity targets and binds to the extracellular domain of CD70, which blocks CD70-mediated signaling. This may inhibit cellular proliferation and survival of CD70-expressing tumor cells, and may modulate the immune system to inhibit inflammatory signals … |
Anti-CD71/vcMMAE Probody-drug Conjugate CX-2029 |
A probody-drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1;TRP1; CD71), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, and conjugated, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to the potent cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-CD71/vcMMAE PDC CX-2029, the anti-CD7… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986179 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody BMS-986179 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prev… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody HB0045 |
A compound preparation composed of two monoclonal antibodies, HB0038 and HB0039, targeting different epitopes of human ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), in a 1:1 molar ratio, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody HB0045 targets and binds to two different epitopes of CD73 on tumor cells. HB0038 specifically binds to the catalytic domain composed of… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody HLX23 |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody HLX23 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the activity of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and the adenosine-mediated sup… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody IBI325 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody IBI325 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the activity of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and the adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody JAB-BX102 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody JAB-BX102 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the activity of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and the adenosine-mediated suppression … |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody NZV930 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody NZV930 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosine-med… |
Anti-CD73 Monoclonal Antibody Sym024 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody Sym024 targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting CD73 activity. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte ac… |
Anti-CD74 Antibody-drug Conjugate STRO-001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an aglycosylated human anti-CD74 IgG1 antibody (SP7219) that has been genetically modified to incorporate the non-natural amino acid (nnAA) para-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine (pAMF), which is site-specifically conjugated to a non-cleavable dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-maytansinoid linker-warhead, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of anti-CD74 ADC STRO-001 targets and binds to the CD74 expressed on tumor cells; upon internaliza… |
Anti-CD79b Antibody-drug Conjugate SHR-A1912 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29) conjugated to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-CD79b ADC SHR-A1912 targets and binds to CD79b expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the topoisomerase-1 i… |
Anti-CD79b CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD79b CAR T cells target and bind to CD79b-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD79b-expressing tumor cells. CD79b, a … |
Anti-CD79b/CD20/CD3 Trispecific Antibody JNJ-80948543 |
A fully human effector-silent Fc immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) trispecific antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29) and cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CD79b/CD20/CD3 trispecific antibody JNJ-80948543 targets and binds to CD79b- and/or CD20-expressing… |
Anti-CD93 Monoclonal Antibody DCBY02 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against a specific epitope of the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) receptor complement component C1q receptor (C1QR1; CD93), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD93 monoclonal antibody DCBY02 targets and binds to CD93 expressed on tumor-associated endothelial cells. This prevents the interaction of CD93 with its ligand IGFBP7, which improves tumor vascular function, reduces tumor hypoxia and increases tumor per… |
Anti-CD93 Monoclonal Antibody DCSZ11 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against a specific epitope of the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) receptor complement component C1q receptor (C1QR1; CD93), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CD93 monoclonal antibody DCSZ11 targets and binds to CD93 expressed on tumor-associated endothelial cells. This prevents the interaction of CD93 with its ligand IGFBP7, which improves tumor vascular function, reduces tumor hypoxia and increases tumor per… |
Anti-CD98 Monoclonal Antibody IGN523 |
A humanized, monoclonal antibody targeting the CD98 (gp125) antigen, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IGN523 binds to CD98 expressed on the tumor cell surface and elicits both natural killer (NK)-cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity towards CD98-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IGN523 inhibits essential amino acid uptake by rapidly proliferating tumor cells. CD98, … |
Anti-CDH17/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody ARB202 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-17 (CDH17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CDH17/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody ARB202 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and CDH17 on CDH17-expressing tumor cells, thereby crosslinking tumor cells and CTLs. This activates and redirects CTLs to CDH17-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-… |
Anti-CDH3/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate BC3195 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-3 (CDH3; placental cadherin; P-cadherin), conjugated to the auristatin derivative and microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CDH3/MMAE ADC BC3195, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to CDH3 expressed on tu… |
Anti-CDH3/MSLN BiTE Antibody AMG 305 |
A dual-targeting bispecific antibody and T-cell engager (BiTE) co-targeting both the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cadherin-3 (CDH3; placental cadherin; P-cadherin) and mesothelin (MSLN) on tumor cells and CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CDH3/MSLN BiTE antibody AMG 305 binds with specificity to tumor cells co-expressing CDH3 and MSLN antigens and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This r… |
Anti-CDH6 Antibody-drug Conjugate HKT288 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-6 (CDH6; CDH-6) conjugated to a maytansine-based cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of HKT288 targets and binds to CDH6 located on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the maytansine moiety binds to tubulin, which disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibits both division and proliferation of CD… |
Anti-CDH6/Exatecan ADC CUSP06 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-6 (CDH6; CDH-6; K-cadherin) conjugated, via a protease cleavable linker, to the camptothecin analog and cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CDH6/exatecan ADC CUSP06, the anti-CDH6 antibody moiety targets and binds to CDH6-expressing tumor cells. Upon uptake and cleavage of the… |
Anti-CEA BiTE Monoclonal Antibody AMG211 |
A recombinant, proprietary bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE) antibody directed against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CEA BiTE monoclonal antibody AMG211 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for CEA and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CEA-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (C… |
Anti-CEA CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEA CAR T cells specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA, a member of the CEA family of proteins, plays a key role in cell migration, cell invasion and cell adhesion, and is overexpressed… |
Anti-CEA IgCD28TCR-Transduced Autologous T Cells |
A population of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding the chimeric gene IgCD28TCR with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The chimeric IgCD28TCR gene consists of portions of CD28, the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta), and a single chain antibody domain (sFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen CEA. Upon administration, these gene-modified TIL bind to tumor cells expressing CEA, which may result in… |
Anti-CEA TCR Retroviral Vector-Transduced Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Autologous human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), transduced with a retroviral vector encoding both the alpha and beta chains of a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. After transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, anti-CEA TCR retroviral vector-transduced autologous lymphocytes bind to tumor cells expressing CEA, which may result in cytokine expression, activa… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody BGB-B167 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5; CEA) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEA/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody BGB-B167 simultaneously targets and binds to CEA expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on activated T-lymphocyte… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody LM-24C5 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5; CEA) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEA/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody LM-24C5 simultaneously targets and binds to CEA expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on activated T-lymphocytes… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody BA1202 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5; CEA) and CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEA/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody BA1202 targets and binds to both CEA expressed on tumor cells and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to CEA-expressing tumor cells, which results in th… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-CEACAM6 Antibody-drug Conjugate EBC-129 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5; CEACAM5) and the immune checkpoint regulator carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6; CEACAM-6; CD66c) and conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory ac… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-DR5 Bispecific Antibody IBI3004 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5; CEA) and the pro-apoptotic death receptor tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2; death receptor 5; DR5), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CEA/anti-DR5 bispecific antibody IBI3004 targets and binds to both CEA and DR5 expressed on tumor cells. Receptor … |
Anti-CEA/Anti-DTPA-In (F6-734) Bispecific Antibody |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody (BsMAb) consisting of the Fab fragment of an anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (F6) coupled to the Fab fragment of an anti-DTPA-In monoclonal antibody (734) with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. In a two-step pretargeted radioimmunotherapeutic approach, this BsMAb, localizing to CEA-expressing tumor cells via the F6 Fab fragment, is introduced into patient first, followed by injection of indium 131-radiolabeled DTPA, which is recognized by the 734 Fab fra… |
Anti-CEA/Anti-HSG Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TF2 |
A tri-Fab bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAb) divalent for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and monovalent for histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) peptide-hapten. Anti-CEA/anti-HSG bispecific monoclonal antibody TF2 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) CEA on CEA-expressing tumor cells. Subsequently, an HSG peptide-hapten carrying a radionuclide is administered, binding to the anti-HSG binding fragment on the BiMoAb. Depending on the characteristics of the radionuclide used, CEA-exp… |
Anti-CEACAM1 Monoclonal Antibody CM-24 |
A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody targeting the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1; CD66a), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CEACAM1 monoclonal antibody CM-24, this agent binds to CEACAM1 on cancer cells and certain immune cells. This blocks the binding of CEACAM1-expressing cancer cells to CEACAM1-expressing immune cells and abrogates CEACAM1-mediated immunosuppression…. |
Anti-CEACAM5 ADC SGN-CEACAM5C |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5; CEACAM5; CD66e) and conjugated to a cytotoxic camptothecin-based payload, with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration of anti-CEACAM5 ADC SGN-CEACAM5C, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to CEA expressed on tumor cells. Upo… |
Anti-CEACAM6 AFAIKL2 Antibody Fragment/Jack Bean Urease Immunoconjugate L-DOS47 |
A lyophilized formulation of DOS47, an immunoconjugate composed of AFAIKL2, a recombinant camelid single-domain antibody which recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), and the enzyme urease derived from the plant Canavalia ensiformis (Jack bean), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the AFAIKL2 antibody fragment moiety of L-DOS47 specifically targets and binds to CEACAM6 expressed on certain tumor cells. In turn, the u… |
Anti-CEA-CAR Autologous T Lymphocytes |
Autologous lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CEA-CAR autologous T-lymphocytes target and bind to tumor cells expressing CEA, which results in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cell killing of CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in various tumor … |
Anti-CFH Monoclonal Antibody GT103 |
A recombinant human-derived monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor cell-protective protein complement factor H (CFH), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CFH monoclonal antibody GT103 targets and binds specifically to a conformationally distinct epitope within a specific crucial functional domain of CFH bound on tumor cells. This activates the complement cascade, triggers complement dependent cytotoxicity and leads to the destruction o… |
Anti-c-fms Monoclonal Antibody AMG 820 |
A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody against the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1 or M-CSF) receptor c-fms (or CSFR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-c-fms monoclonal antibody AMG 820 binds to and blocks c-fms, thereby blocking CSF-1 binding to its receptor and suppressing CSF-1-induced c-fms signaling. This results in the suppression of recruitment and activation of tumor associated macrophages (TAM) within the tumor microenvironment. This eventually le… |
Anti-c-KIT Monoclonal Antibody CDX 0158 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against the stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT; CD117), with potential antineoplastic and anti-allergic activities. Upon administration, the anti-c-KIT monoclonal antibody CDX 0158 binds to and inhibits the activation of the cell surface antigen c-Kit. This leads to an inhibition of the activation of c-KIT-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits cell proliferation in cancer cells expressing c-Kit. In mast cells, inhibit… |
Anti-claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate CPO102 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 ADC CPO102 specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE targets a… |
Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate EO-3021 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2 ADC EO-3021, the anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the … |
Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate JS107 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 ADC JS107 specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tub… |
Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SHR-A1904 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2 ADC SHR-A1904, the anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalizatio… |
Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SKB315 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a stable linker, to a cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I (Top I) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2 ADC MK-1200, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release… |
Anti-Claudin 18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate SOT102 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a non-cleavable amide/peptide linker, to a derivative of the cytotoxic anthracycline PNU-159682, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2 ADC SOT102, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed o… |
Anti-claudin 18.2 Monoclonal Antibody M108 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody M108 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. The binding induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junctio… |
Anti-claudin 18.2 Monoclonal Antibody MIL93 |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody MIL93 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stoma… |
Anti-Claudin18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate IBI343 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 ADC IBI343 specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic agent induces apoptosis in CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells through an as of yet un… |
Anti-Claudin18.2 CAR T Cells IBI345 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 CAR T cells IBI345 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in healt… |
Anti-Claudin18.2 CAR T Cells LCAR-C18S |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-Claudin18.2 CAR T cells LCAR-C18S specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in… |
Anti-Claudin18.2 CAR-T Cells IM92 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 CAR-T cells IM92 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but its expression in healthy… |
Anti-claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody AB011 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-claudin18.2 monoclonal antibody AB011 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of… |
Anti-Claudin-18.2 Monoclonal Antibody NBL-015 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody NBL-015 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibody-mediated complement dependent… |
Anti-Claudin-18.2 Monoclonal Antibody SPX-101 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody SPX-101 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill and inhibit proliferation of CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. SPX-101 may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CLDN18.2, a … |
Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody TORL-2-307-MAB |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody TORL-2-307-MAB specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-1… |
Anti-Claudin18.2/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody PM1032 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody PM1032 simultaneously targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocyte… |
Anti-Claudin18.2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody AZD5863 |
An affinity-optimized T-cell engaging (TCE) and human bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody AZD5863 simultaneously targets and binds to both CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells, with bivalent high affinity binding, and CD3-expressing T-cells, with … |
Anti-Claudin18.2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody QLS31905 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody QLS31905 simultaneously binds to both CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and CD3-expressing T-cells, thereby crosslinking CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in t… |
Anti-Claudin18.2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate TORL-2-307-ADC |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/MMAE ADC TORL-2-307-ADC specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, M… |
Anti-CLDN18.2 Antibody-drug Conjugate TQB2103 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated via a cleavable linker, to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 ADC TQB2103 specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon endocytosis and the transfer to lysosomes, the payload is released via enzymatic cleava… |
Anti-CLDN18.2 CAR T Cells LY011 |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLDN18.2 CAR T-cells LY011 specifically recognize and bind to CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of CLDN18.2-ex… |
Anti-CLDN18.2 CAR-T Cells AZD6422 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 CAR-T cells AZD6422 specifically recognize and bind to CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of CLDN18.2-expressing tumo… |
Anti-CLDN18.2 Heavy Chain Antibody Fc Fusion Protein DR30303 |
A fusion protein composed of a recombinant humanized anti-Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) heavy chain antibody (VHH) fused to an engineered immunoglobulin gamma-1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 heavy chain antibody Fc fusion protein DR30303 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. The binding induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and … |
Anti-CLDN18.2 Monoclonal Antibody ZL-1211 |
An engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody ZL-1211 specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. The binding induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and activates innate and adaptive immunity. This kills and inhibits proliferation of CLDN18.2-exp… |
Anti-CLDN18.2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody ASP2138 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody ASP2138 simultaneously binds to both CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and CD3-expressing T-cells, thereby crosslinking CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in th… |
Anti-CLDN18.2/Anti-PD-L1 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN18.2/anti-PD-L1 CAR-T cells target and bind to CLDN18.2- and PD-L1-expressing tumor… |
Anti-CLDN18.2/CD47 Bispecific Antibody AK132 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2/CD47 bispecific antibody AK132, the anti-CLDN18.2 moiety selectively targets and binds to CLDN18.2 on CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CLDN18.2… |
Anti-CLDN18.2/CD47 Bispecific Antibody SG1906 |
A recombinant, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CLDN18.2/CD47 bispecific antibody SG1906, the anti-CLDN18.2 moiety selectively targets and binds to CLDN18.2 on CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding … |
Anti-CLDN4/Anti-CD137 Bispecific Antibody ASP1002 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both claudin-4 (CLDN4) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN4/anti-CD137 bispecific antibody ASP1002 simultaneously targets and binds to CLDN4 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes. The simultaneous binding to CLDN4 and CD137 allows for conditio… |
Anti-CLDN6 Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-9606a |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN6 ADC DS-9606a, the anti-CLDN6 antibody moiety targets and binds to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the CLDN6-expressing tumor cells, through an as of yet… |
Anti-CLDN6 Antibody-drug Conjugate TORL-1-23 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) linked to the auristatin derivative monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLDN6 ADC TORL-1-23, the anti-CLDN6 antibody moiety targets and binds to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and linker cleavage, MMAE is released. MMAE binds… |
Anti-CLDN6 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLDN6 CAR T-cells specifically target and bind to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CLDN6-expressing tumor cells. CLDN-6, a transmembrane tight-junction protein and embryonic antigen, is overexpressed on a variety of tumor cells but is not expressed … |
Anti-CLDN6 Monoclonal Antibody ASP1650 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLDN6 monoclonal antibody ASP1650 binds to CLDN-6 and may stimulate the immune system to exert both an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and a complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) mediated immune response against CLDN-6-expressing tumor cells. This may inhibit tumor cell growth. CLDN-6, a tight-junctio… |
Anti-CLDN6/9 Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-004 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody directed against claudin-6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) and claudin-9 (CLDN9; CLDN-9) linked to a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-CLDN6/9 ADC SC-004 targets and binds to CLDN6/9 expressed on tumor cells, and the PBD moiety is released. Then the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of gu… |
Anti-CLDN6/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CTIM-76 |
An Fc-silenced humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CLDN6/CD3 bispecific antibody CTIM-76 targets and binds to both CLDN6 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CLDN6-expressing tumor ce… |
Anti-CLDN6/CD3 Bispecific Antibody SAIL66 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CLDN6/CD3 bispecific antibody SAIL66 targets and binds to both CLDN6 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells, which leads to enhanced CTL-mediated killing… |
Anti-CLDN6/CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb541 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLDN6/CD3 bispecific antibody XmAb541 bivalently binds to CLDN6 expressed on tumor cells and monovalently binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells, which leads to enhanced CTL-medi… |
Anti-CLDN6/CD3 BiTE Antibody AMG 794 |
A half-life extended (HLE) human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody targeting the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes and the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CLDN6/CD3 BiTE antibody AMG 794 targets and binds to both CD3 expressed on T-cells and CLDN6 expressed on tumor cells. This activates and redirects cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) to CLDN6-expressing tumor cells,… |
Anti-CLL1/Anti-CD33 CAR-T Cells LCAR-AMDR |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A) and CD33, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-CLL1/anti-CD33 CAR-T cells LCAR-AMDR specifically and simultaneously target and bind to CD33- and CLL1-expressing tumor cells. This induce… |
Anti-CLL-1/Anti-CD38 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A) and CD38, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CLL-1/anti-CD38 CAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to CD38- and CLL-1-expressing tumor cells. This induces selective … |
Anti-CLL1-PBD ADC DCLL9718S |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of MCLL0517A , an anti-C-type lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A) humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody, conjugated, via a cleavable disulfide linker, to two cytotoxic, DNA minor-groove crosslinking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CLL1-PBD ADC DCLL9718S, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface tumor-a… |
Anti-c-Met ADC ABBV-400 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) linked to an undisclosed topoisomerase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-c-Met ADC ABBV-400, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the topoisomerase inhibitor is released, which binds to … |
Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate BYON3521 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) site-specifically conjugated to a linker-duocarmycin payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-c-Met ADC BYON3521, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, the linker is cleaved inside … |
Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate HTI-1066 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of HTI-1066 targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the c-Met-expressing ca… |
Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate TR1801 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a non-agonizing anti-c-Met humanized monoclonal antibody that is linked in a site-specific manner to a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD) toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the c-Met protein, which is overexpressed in certain tumor types. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the imine groups of the PBD moiety bind to the N2 positions of guanines on o… |
Anti-c-Met Antibody-drug Conjugate YL211 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) site-specifically conjugated, via a tumor microenvironment (TME) activable protease-cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-c-Met ADC YL211, the anti-c-Met antibody moiety targets and binds to c-Met expressed on tumor c… |
Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody ARGX-111 |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody ARGX-111 binds to c-Met, and blocks both ligand-dependent and -independent activation of c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, this agent enhances antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This leads to a reduction in cell proliferation of c-Met-expressing cancer cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain cancer cell types, is involved in … |
Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody HLX55 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody directed against the human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody HLX55 specifically binds to the semaphorin (Sema)/Plexins-Semaphorins-Integrins (PSI) domain of c-Met, which prevents the binding of c-Met to its ligand HGF and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, HLX55 promotes c-Met degradation, wh… |
Anti-C-met Monoclonal Antibody SAIT301 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the alpha chain of the extracellular domain of human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody SAIT301 binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both binding of its ligand, HGF, and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. In addition, SAIT301 induces c-MET internalization and subsequent degradation, which further inhibits c-Met-mediated signaling. This leads… |
Anti-c-Met/Anti-TROP2/Anti-CD3/Anti-CD28 Tetra-specific Antibody MDX2001 |
A tetra-specific antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) and trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1), the T-cell surface antigen CD3, and the T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory molecule CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-c-Met/anti-TROP2/anti-CD3/an… |
Anti-c-Met/EGFR/VEGF Trispecific Antibody TAVO412 |
A trispecific antibody targeting hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-c-Met/EGFR/VEGF trispecific antibody TAVO412 simultaneously targets and binds to c-Met, EGFR and VEGF. The binding of TAVO412 to c-Met and EGFR expressed on tumor cells prevents receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of bot… |
Anti-c-Met/MMAE ADC MYTX-011 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an engineered pH-dependent humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) and conjugated, via a valine-citrulline (VC) peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-c-Met/MMAE ADC MYTX-… |
Anti-c-Met/MMAE ADC RC108 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody that is conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-c-Met/MMAE ADC RC108, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the c-Met protein, which is overexpressed in certain tumor types. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released and binds to tubulin and… |
Anti-CSF1 Monoclonal Antibody PD-0360324 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the cytokine colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1; CSF-1; macrophage colony-stimulating factor; M-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CSF1 monoclonal antibody PD-0360324 targets, binds to and neutralizes CSF1. This prevents the binding of CSF1 to its receptor CSF1R (CD115; M-CSFR), which is expressed on various immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. T… |
Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody AMB-05X |
A human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; M-CSFR; c-fms), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon administration, anti-CSF1R monoclonal antibody AMB-05X targets and binds to CSF1R expressed on tumor cells, monocy… |
Anti-CSF1R Monoclonal Antibody IMC-CS4 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R monoclonal antibody IMC-CS4 binds to CSF1R which may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in tumor cells overexpressing CSF1R. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface receptor for its ligand colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1); this r… |
Anti-CTLA4 Antibody Fc Fusion Protein KN044 |
A recombinant, humanized fusion protein consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) single domain antibody linked to a Fc domain, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 antibody Fc fusion protein KN044 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against … |
Anti-CTLA4 MoAb RNA/GITRL RNA-transfected Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulatory activity. Anti-CTLA4 MoAb RNA/GITRL RNA-transfected DC vaccine is prepared by transfecting DCs with RNAs encoding humanized heavy and light chains of the anti-CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4) monoclonal antibody and tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18 (TNFSF18 or GlTRL); expression of anti-CTLA4 blocks the inhibitory effect of CTLA4 on the activation of T-lymphocytes, while e… |
Anti-CTLA4 MoAb RNA-transfected Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulatory activity. Anti-CTLA4 MoAb RNA-transfected autologous DC vaccine is prepared by transfecting DCs with RNAs encoding humanized heavy and light chains of the anti-CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4); expression of anti-CTLA4 blocks the inhibitory effect of CTLA4 on the activation of T-lymphocytes. Co-vaccination of this vaccine with melanoma antigen specific vaccine may eliminate the adverse effects… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1604 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ADU-1604 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response… |
Anti-CTLA4 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986218 |
A Fc-modified monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody BMS-986218 targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an in… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody GIGA-564 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CTLA4; CD152), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody GIGA-564 targets and binds to CTLA-4, and may induce Fc receptor (FcR) signaling. This may deplete regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), decrease the proliferation of the remaining … |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody IBI310 |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody IBI310 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody KD6001 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CTLA4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody KD6001 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4,… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody REGN4659 |
A fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody REGN4659 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune respon… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-8068 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CTLA4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody SHR-8068 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody XTX101 |
A fully humanized, Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody with masked antigen-binding regions directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and the activation of the antigen-binding regions via cleavage by proteases that are upregulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME), anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody XTX101 targets and binds to CTLA-… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody YH001 |
A recombinant, humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody YH001 targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated i… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody-IL-15/IL-15Ra Fusion Protein JK08 |
A recombinant fusion protein consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) fused to the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) cross-linked with the sushi domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody-IL-15/IL-15Ra fusion protein JK08, the monoclonal antibody domain targets and binds to… |
Anti-CTLA-4 Probody BMS-986288 |
A probody composed of a modified version of ipilimumab, a recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CTLA-4 probody BMS-986288, the masking peptide is cleaved… |
Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Combination BCD-217 |
A fixed dose combination of two monoclonal antibodies of which one is directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the other one is directed against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody combination BCD-217 targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA-… |
Anti-CTLA-4/OX40 Bispecific Antibody ATOR-1015 |
A bispecific antibody consisting of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitory protein fused to an OX40 agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4/OX40 bispecific antibody ATOR-1015 simultaneously binds to CTLA-4 and OX40, which may inhibit CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes via OX40 activ… |
Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody PF-06747143 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CXCR4 mAb PF-06747143 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation. This results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06747143 promotes cell death through the induction of bo… |
Anti-DDR1 Monoclonal Antibody PRTH-101 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against discoid domain receptor type 1 (DDR1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-DDR1 monoclonal antibody PRTH-101 specifically targets, binds to and blocks DDR1, a protein expressed on tumor cells that binds collagen to make a minimally permeable physical barrier that blocks immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) from interacting with and attacking the tumor. By … |
Anti-dectin-2 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BDC-3042 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the immune-activating pattern recognition receptor (PRR) dectin-2 (C-type lectin domain family 6 member A; CLEC6A), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-dectin-2 agonist monoclonal antibody BDC-3042 targets, binds to and activates dectin-2 expressed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may lead to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines… |
Anti-Denatured Collagen Monoclonal Antibody TRC093 |
A humanized, affinity-matured IgG1k antibody directed against denatured collagens (I-IV) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-denatured collagen recombinant monoclonal antibody TRC093 binds to multiple epitopes on denatured collagens, inhibiting proteolytic collagen-mediated signaling in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is important to tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The epitopes on denatured collagen bound by this antibody are considered cryp… |
Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody BHQ880 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Anti-DKK1 monoclonal antibody BHQ880 binds to and inhibits DKK1, enhancing signaling through the Wnt pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1 is a potent Wnt signaling pathway antagonist. |
Anti-DKK1 Monoclonal Antibody JS015 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against Dickkopf-related protein 1 (Dickkopf-1; DKK1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-DKK1 monoclonal antibody JS015 binds to DKK1 and blocks the interaction between DKK1 and its ligands low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRP) 5 and 6. This restores signaling through the Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent (canonical) pathway, and may decrease DKK1-mediated immunosuppressive effects in th… |
Anti-DLK-1 Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-701 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of HuBa-1-3D, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against human delta-like 1 homolog protein (DLK-1; DLK1) and site-specifically conjugated to PL1601, which contains a valine-alanine cleavable linker and SG3199, a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-DLK-1 ADC ADCT-701, the antibody moiety targets and binds to DLK-1, which is expressed on the surf… |
Anti-DLK-1/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate TORL-4-500 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human delta-like 1 homolog protein (DLK-1; DLK1) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-DLK-1/MMAE ADC TORL-4-500, the anti-DLK-1 antibody moiety targets and binds to DLK-1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and linker cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibi… |
Anti-DLL3 ADC ZL-1310 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) and linked to an as of yet unelucidated cytotoxic agent, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-DLL3 ADC ZL-1310 targets and binds to DLL3 found on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic agent causes cell death in DLL3-expressing tumor cells through an as of yet unknown me… |
Anti-DLL3 Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-002 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), site-specifically conjugated to the cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer SC-DR002 via a plasma-stable valine-alanine dipeptide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-DLL3 ADC SC-002 targets and binds to DLL3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internaliz… |
Anti-DLL3 CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-DLL3 CAR-NK cells recognize, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in DLL3-expressing tumor cells. DLL3, a Notch pathway protein, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. It plays a key role in embryonic developme… |
Anti-DLL3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody QLS31904 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-DLL3/CD3 bispecific antibody QLS31904 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to DLL3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated c… |
Anti-DLL3/DLL3/CD3 Trispecific Antibody ZG006 |
A trispecific T-cell engaging (TCE) antibody directed against two different epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-DLL3/DLL3/CD3 trispecific antibody ZG006 binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to DLL3-expressing tumor cel… |
Anti-DLL4 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0639 |
An immunoglobulin G1 lambda monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DLL4 monoclonal antibody MEDI0639 specifically binds to DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may block tumor angiogenesis and eventually the inhibition of tumor cell growth. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch … |
Anti-DR5 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody TRA-8 |
An agonist mouse monoclonal antibody directed against TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-DR5 agonist monoclonal antibody TRA-8 binds DR5, which may induce apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5 is a tumor cell surface ligand that crosslinks with death receptor type 4 (DR4) when bound by TRAIL [Tumor necrosis (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand], triggering apoptosis via a death receptor signaling pathway. The apoptotic activity of this ant… |
Anti-DR5 Agonistic Antibody DS-8273a |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2, with potential pro-apoptotic and antitumor activities. Upon administration, anti-DR5 agonistic antibody DS-8273a mimics the natural receptor ligand TRAIL and binds to DR5. This activates DR5 and leads to the activation of the death receptor signal pathway, which results in the activation of caspase cascades, the indu… |
Anti-EGFR Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-637 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to an inhibitor of Bcl-extra large (Bcl-XL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR ADC ABBV-637, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization, the Bcl-XL inhibitor is released, which targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-XL. This restore… |
Anti-EGFR Antibody-drug Conjugate CPO301 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR ADC CPO301, the monoclonal antibody moiety binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the EGFR-expressing cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism… |
Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced IL-12-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) gene coupled to the signaling domains from CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3 zeta, and modified to express the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-EGFR CAR-transduced IL-12-expressing T-lymphocytes target and bind to the EGFR antigen on tumor cell su… |
Anti-EGFR Gamma Delta T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody SGN-EGFRd2 |
A bispecific gamma delta T-cell engager (TCE) antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and Vdelta2-T cell receptor (TCR) chain of Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFR gamma delta T-cell engaging bispecific antibody SGN-EGFRd2 binds to both EGFR-expressing tumor cells and Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells. This activates and redirects the Vgamma9Vdelta2 … |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody CPGJ 602 |
A recombinant, human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody CPGJ 602 targets and binds to EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the … |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody EMD 55900 |
A murine monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exhibiting anti-tumor activity. EMD 55900 antibody binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR close to the EGF binding domain and does not induce any tyrosine kinase activity on its own. As a result, EMD 55900 binding inhibits receptor activation by natural ligands thereby interrupting activation of downstream signaling cascade, required for tumor cell growth and proliferation. |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GC1118 |
A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, GC1118 binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, which prevents receptor dimerization and activation. This may lead to an inhibition of both EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be overexpressed on the surfaces of v… |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX |
A glycoengineered form of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody GT-MAB 5.2-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby potentially inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells, eventually leading to tumor cell apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell growth. EGFR, a member of the epidermal grow… |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Mixture MM-151 |
An oligoclonal therapeutic composed of three fully human monoclonal antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of MM-151, the three antibodies bind to distinct, non-overlapping epitopes of EGFR, thereby preventing the binding of a full range of both high and low affinity EGFR ligands and inhibiting EGFR-ERK-mediated signaling. This eventually inhibits tumor cell proliferation in EGFR-overexpressing tumor c… |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SCT200 |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SCT200 targets EGFR, prevents the activation and subsequent dimerization of this receptor and inhibits both EGFR-mediated signal transduction and cellular proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In addition, SCT200 may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cel… |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody SYN004 |
A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody SYN004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, which prevents ligand binding and the subsequent activation and dimerization of the receptor. This inhibits the activation of EGFR-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a member of… |
Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody ZZ06 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody ZZ06 targets, binds and prevents the activation of EGFR. This inhibits EGFR-mediated signaling and proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, is overexpressed on various tumor cell types. |
Anti-EGFR/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody HLX35 |
A recombinant human bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody HLX35 simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, which is expressed on a variety of… |
Anti-EGFR/Anti-B7-H3 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-EGFR/anti-B7-H3 CAR-T cells target and bind to EGFR-expressing tumor cells and B7-H3-expressing immune and tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in these cells. E… |
Anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 Tumor Protease-activated T-cell Engager JANX008 |
A protease-activated, double masked tumor activated T-cell engager (TCE) composed of a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) binding domain that targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and a T-cell binding domain that targets CD3, that are both conjugated, via a tumor protease-cleavable linker, to a peptide mask that prevents binding of the EGFR-binding domain to EGFR-expressing tumor cells and binding of the CD3-binding domain to T-cells, respectively, and an albumin-binding domain that ext… |
Anti-EGFR/Anti-c-Met Monoclonal Antibody FPI-2053 |
A humanized bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), that can potentially be used as a ligand in radiotherapy. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/anti-c-Met monoclonal antibody FPI-2053 simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domains of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells. EGFR and c-Met, both upregulated or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell pro… |
Anti-EGFR/anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate BL-B01D1 |
A dual-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and the epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3) and conjugated to an as of yet not elucidated cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR/anti-HER3 ADC BL-B01D1, the monoclonal antibody moieties simultaneously target and bind to EGFR and HER3 expressed on cancer cells. Following rece… |
Anti-EGFR/CD16A Bispecific Antibody AFM24 |
A human, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor IIIA (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/CD16A bispecific antibody AFM24 simultaneously targets and binds to the CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and to EGFR on EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking EGFR-expressing tu… |
Anti-EGFR/CD3 Bispecific Antibody SMET12 |
A bispecific antibody and T-cell engager (TCE) targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/CD3 bispecific antibody SMET12 binds to both CD3 expressed on T-cells and EGFR expressed on tumor cells. This crosslinks cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EGFR-expressing tumor cells, and activates and redirects CTLs to EG… |
Anti-EGFR/c-Met Bispecific Antibody CKD-702 |
A tetravalent, bispecific antibody composed of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) fused to the c-terminus of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody targeting hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/c-Met bispecific antibody CKD-702 simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domains of wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and c-Met expressed … |
Anti-EGFR/c-MET/c-MET Trispecific Antibody GB263T |
A Fc-enhanced trispecific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and two different epitopes of hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EGFR/c-Met/c-met trispecific antibody GB263T simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domain of both EGFR and two different epitopes on c-Met expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation and inducing internalization of EGFR and c… |
Anti-EGFR/DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate AVID100 |
A targeted antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of AVID100 binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization, the mertansine moiety binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynami… |
Anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym013 |
An antibody mixture composed of six humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies directed against three members of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER) family: EGFR (HER1; ErbB1), HER2 (ErbB2) and HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR/HER2/HER3 monoclonal antibody mixture Sym013, the six antibodies bind to non-overlapping epitopes on EGFR, HER2 and HER3, which prevents both ligand binding and receptor activation, … |
Anti-EGFR/Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate HLX42 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase I inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGFR/TOP1i ADC HLX42, the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EGFR expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and cleavage in the tumor microenvironme… |
Anti-EGFRvIII Antibody Drug Conjugate AMG 595 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the deletion-mutant of epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFRvIII, conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM1, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this immunoconjugate binds to EGFRvIII on tumor cell surfaces. After internalization, the DM1 moiety binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell… |
Anti-EGFRvIII CAR-transduced Allogeneic T-lymphocytes |
Allogeneic human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant chimeric T cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) gene coupled to the signaling domains from CD8, CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3 zeta, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-EGFRvIII CAR-transduced allogeneic T lymphocytes bind to the EGFRvIII antigen on tumor cell surfaces; subse… |
Anti-EGFRvIII Immunotoxin MR1-1 |
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of single-chain variable domain fragment antibody directed against the tumor-specific antigen EGFRvIII (MR1scFv) fused to domains II and III of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-EGFRvIII immunotoxin MR1-1 binds to EGFRvIII; upon internalization, the exotoxin portion inhibits protein synthesis, resulting in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation of EGFRvIII- express… |
Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 Bispecific Antibody hEGFRvIII:CD3 bi-scFv |
A bispecific antibody and T-cell engager composed of two single chain variable fragments (bi-scFvs) directed against both a mutant form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), and the epsilon subunit of the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 bispecific antibody hEGFRvIII:CD3 bi-scFv specifically binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and… |
Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 Bispecific Antibody RO7428731 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both a mutant form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EGFRvIII/CD3 bispecific antibody RO7428731 specifically binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EGFRvIII on EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells. This crosslinks T-cells and tumor cells, and activates and redirects CTLs… |
Anti-EGFRvIII/CD3/PD-L1/4-1BB Tetra-specific Antibody GNC-039 |
A tetra-specific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), the T-cell surface antigen CD3, the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), and the immune co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administrati… |
Anti-EGFRvIII-CAR-CD3/EGFR BiTE-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes CARv3-TEAM-E |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a CARv3-TEAM-E lentiviral vector encoding for an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant chimeric T cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) and a T cell engaging antibody molecule (TEAM) which comprises a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) against EGFR and the T-cell signaling domain CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via Ommaya reserv… |
Anti-EGP-2 Immunotoxin MOC31-PE |
An immunotoxin consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against epithelial glycoprotein-2 (EP-2, or epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)) conjugated to the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EGP-2 immunotoxin MOC31-PE, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EP-2. Upon internalization, the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resultin… |
Anti-ENPP3 Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16C3F |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed to the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3), conjugated via a non-cleavable linker to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, that has potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC AGS-16C3F, the monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to ENPP3 then is interna… |
Anti-ENPP3/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-87890387 |
A human bispecific antibody directed against both ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3; NPP3; B10; PDNP3; CD203c; PD-IBETA) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ENPP3/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-87890387 targets and binds to ENPP3 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) resp… |
Anti-ENPP3/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody XmAb819 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3, NPP3, B10, PDNP3 CD203c, or PD-IBETA) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ENPP3/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody XmAb819 bivalently binds to ENPP3 expressed on tumor cells and monovalently binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyt… |
Anti-ENPP3/MMAF Antibody-Drug Conjugate AGS-16M8F |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G2k monoclonal antibody (AGS-16C) directed against the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (ENPP3, NPP3, B10, PDNP3 CD203c, or PD-IBETA ), conjugated, via the non-cleavable maleimidocaproyl (mc) linker, to monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-ENPP3/MMAF ADC AG… |
Anti-ENTPD2 Monoclonal Antibody KAZ954 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 2 (ENTPD2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ENTPD2 monoclonal antibody KAZ954 targets and binds to ENTPD2 expressed on a variety of tumor cells and inhibits its hydrolase activity, thereby preventing the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This leads to an increased intra-tumoral ATP:ADP ratio, an increase in intr… |
Anti-EpCAM Monoclonal Antibody AM-928 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EpCAM monoclonal antibody AM-928 targets and binds to EpCAM on EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. This inhibits EpCAM-mediated signaling and the proliferation of EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. EpCAM, a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migrat… |
Anti-Ep-CAM Monoclonal Antibody ING-1 |
An engineered monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, anti-Ep-CAM monoclonal antibody ING-1 binds to Ep-CAM, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against Ep-CAM-expressing tumor cells. Ep-CAM, a cell surface protein upregulated on many tumor cell types, promotes the proliferation, migration and inva… |
Anti-EpCAM/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody BNT314 |
An Fc-inert bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EpCAM/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody BNT314 simultaneously targets and binds to both EpCAM expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on a variety of … |
Anti-EpCAM/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody A-337 |
A T-cell engager (TCE) and bispecific antibody composed of two fragments targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326) and one targeting the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EpCAM/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody A-337 targets and binds to EpCAM on EpCAM-expressing tumor cells and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects … |
Anti-EpCAM/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody BA3182 |
A conditionally active biologic (CAB) and bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326) and T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain (CD3E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and specific activation in the tumor microenvironment (TME), anti-EpCAM/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody BA3182 targets and binds to both EpCAM on EpCAM-expressing tumor cells an… |
Anti-EpCAM/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody M701 |
A human-mouse chimeric bispecific antibody directed against both CD3 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-EpCAM/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody M701 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EpCAM on EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. EpCAM, a cel… |
Anti-EpCAM/Anti-CD40 Bispecific Antibody KK2269 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326) and the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-EpCAM/anti-CD40 bispecific antibody KK2269, the anti-EpCAM moiety targets and binds to EpCAM expressed on tumor cells, and the agonistic anti-CD40 moiety targets and binds to various CD40-expressing immune cells in the tumor mi… |
Anti-EphA2 Antibody-directed Liposomal Docetaxel Prodrug MM-310 |
A formulation containing nanoparticles composed of liposomes that are conjugated to scFv antibody fragments directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2; Ephrin A2) and a proprietary prodrug of docetaxel, a poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-EphA2 antibody-directed liposomal docetaxel prodrug MM-310, the anti-EphA2 moiety selectively targets and binds to cells expressing EphI3:I12A2. Foll… |
Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody DS-8895a |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody DS-8895a selectively binds to cells expressing the EphA2 receptor. This blocks EphA2 activation and EphA2-mediated signaling. In addition, DS-8895a may activate an immune response against EphA2-expressing tumor cells. The cell-surface receptor EphA2, a member of the ephrin family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that are involved… |
Anti-EphA2 Monoclonal Antibody-MMAF Immunoconjugate MEDI-547 |
An auristatin analogue immunoconjugate directed against Eph receptor A2 (EphA2)-positive cancer cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody-MMAF immunoconjugate MEDI-547 is generated by conjugating the fully human IgG1 anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibody (1C1) to the small-molecule microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF) via the stable linker maleimidocaproyl (mc) (1C1-mcMMAF). The monoclonal antibody moiety of this agent selectively binds … |
Anti-EphA5/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate MBRC-101 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the tyrosine kinase receptor ephrin type-A receptor 5 (EPH receptor A5; EphA5) and conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the auristatin derivative and microtubule disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-EphA5/MMAE ADC MBRC-101, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to EphA5 expressed on t… |
Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Antibody Expressing Pluripotent Killer T-Lymphocytes |
A specific population of pluripotent killer (PIK) T-cells that have been induced to express high levels of antibodies against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; HER2), with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which PIK-HER2 cells exert their effects has yet to be elucidated, upon infusion, these cells secrete antibodies targeting HER2 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This may inhibit HER2-dependent signaling, which may lead to … |
Anti-ErbB2/Anti-ErbB3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MM-111 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptors ErbB2 (Her2) and ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-ErB2 targeting arm of anti-ErbB2/anti-ErbB3 bispecific monoclonal antibody MM-111 binds to ErbB2 on tumor cells with high affinity while the anti-Erb3 therapeutic arm binds to ErbB3, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation in ErbB2-overexpressing tumor cells via inhibition of ErbB3-… |
Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody AV-203 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the human receptor tyrosine-protein kinase ErbB-3 (HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-ErbB3 MoAb AV-203 binds to and inhibits both ligand neuregulin-1 (NRG-1)-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 activation, which may result in inhibition of ErbB3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and may lead to inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, i… |
Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody CDX-3379 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (HER3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody CDX-3379 targets and binds to a unique epitope on ErbB3, thereby preventing ErbB3 phosphorylation and both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent ErbB3 signaling. This inhibits cellular proliferation and survival of ErbB3-expressing tumor cells. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor recep… |
Anti-ErbB3 Monoclonal Antibody REGN1400 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody REGN1400 binds to ErbB3 and prevents neuregulin 1 ligand binding to ErbB3, which may result in an inhibition of ErbB3-dependent phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling. This eventually leads to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal grow… |
Anti-ETBR/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DEDN6526A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody against anti-endothelin B receptor (ETBR) and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DEDN6526A binds to ETBR-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage relea… |
Anti-FAP Antibody-drug Conjugate OMTX705 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of OMTX005, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against fibroblast activation protein (FAP), conjugated to the cytotoxic tubulysin TAM470, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FAP ADC OMTX705, the anti-FAP monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to FAP expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the cytotoxic moiety is released, which… |
Anti-FcRH5 Antibody-drug Conjugate DFRF4539A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FcRH5; CD307; FCRL5; IRTA2; BXMAS1) and conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, via the protease-labile linker maleimidocaproyl-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzyloxycarbonyl (MC-VC-PABC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, th… |
Anti-FGFR2b/Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate BG-C137 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b; fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform IIIb; FGFR2 IIIb) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FGFR2b/topoisomerase-1 inhibitor ADC BG-C137, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FGFR2b-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the topoisomera… |
Anti-FGFR3 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY3076226 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3) that is conjugated to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-FGFR3 ADC LY3076226 binds to FGFR3. Upon internalization, the cytotoxic moiety causes cell death in FGFR3-expressing tumor cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a… |
Anti-FGFR4 Monoclonal Antibody U3-1784 |
A human monoclonal antibody against human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, U3-1784 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angioge… |
Anti-FL(FITC-E2) CAR T Cells |
A preparation of genetically modified T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a second generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-fluorescein (anti-FL) fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-E2 single chain variable fragment (scFv), that is coupled, via an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) hinge-CH2(L295D)-CH3 spacer, to the costimulatory signaling molecules CD28, CD137 (4-1BB), and CD3 zeta, and linked to a truncated for… |
Anti-FLT3 Antibody-drug Conjugate AGS62P1 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (FLT-3; FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3; CD135; fetal-liver kinase 2; FLK2) and conjugated, via an oxime linker and the site-directed non-natural amino acid linker para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF), to a microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ADC AGS62P1, the antibody moiety ta… |
Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody 4G8-SDIEM |
A human, Fc-optimized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody 4G8-SDIEM blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent phosphorylation of FLT3, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) agains… |
Anti-FLT3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-EB10 |
A fully human, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (CD135) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to FLT3, anti-FLT3 monoclonal antibody IMC-EB10 blocks FLT3 ligand binding to FLT3 and subsequent FLT3 phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. In addition, this agent may stimulate an anti-FLT3 antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against FLT3-expressing tumor cells, wh… |
Anti-FLT3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CLN-049 |
A T-cell-engaging, humanized, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-based bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; FLT3; FLT-3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; FLK2) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-FLT3/CD3 bispecific antibody CLN-049 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and FLT3 found on… |
Anti-folate Receptor Alpha Antibody-drug Conjugate AMT-151 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FRa ADC AMT-151, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, the cytotoxic agent inhibits tumor cell proliferation through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). FRa is a g… |
Anti-FOLR1 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for folate receptor alpha (FolRa; FOLR1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-FOLR1 CAR T-cells specifically recognize and bind to FOLR1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. FOLR1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linked cell surface glycoprotein that is widely expressed in certain cancer… |
Anti-FOLR1 CoStAR-expressing Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes ITIL-306 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) genetically engineered to express a co-stimulatory antigen receptor (CoStAR) specific for folate receptor alpha (FolRa; FOLR1) and linked to the co-stimulatory domains CD28 and CD40, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-FOLR1 CoStAR-expressing autologous TILs ITIL-306 specifically target, bind to and kill the FOLR1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ITIL-306, by binding … |
Anti-FOXP3 Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD8701 |
An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the Forkhead Box P3 (FOXP3) mRNA, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-FOXP3 ASO AZD8701 blocks the translation of the FOXP3 protein. Reduction of FOXP3 levels may lessen the immunosuppressive functions of regulatory T-cells (Tregs). This may lead to an enhanced immune response and antitumor activity. FOXP3, a transcription factor, plays an important role in the functioning of immunosuppressive Tr… |
Anti-FRa Antibody-drug Conjugate AZD5335 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody targeting folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) conjugated to a camptothecin-based topoisomerase 1 inhibitor AZ14170132, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FRa ADC AZD5335, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, cellular uptake and linker cleavage, AZ14170132 is released. AZ14170132 inhibits DNA topoisomerase I activity, thereby inhibiting… |
Anti-FRalpha/Exatecan ADC LY4170156 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a Fc-silenced, humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) linked, via a dipeptide cleavable linker and a polysarcosine hydrophobicity masking agent, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FRalpha/exatecan ADC LY4170156, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells. U… |
Anti-FRalpha/Exatecan ADC PRO1184 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody targeting folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) conjugated, via a cleavable hydrophilic linker, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-FRalpha/exatecan ADC PRO1184, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, cellular uptake and linker cleavage, exatecan is released. Exatecan inhibi… |
Anti-galectin-9 Monoclonal Antibody LYT-200 |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive protein galectin-9, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-galectin-9 monoclonal antibody LYT-200 targets, binds to and blocks galectin-9 on tumor cells which prevents galectin-9-mediated signaling. This may abrogate activation of immunosuppressive signaling pathways in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL… |
Anti-Ganglioside GM2 Monoclonal Antibody BIW-8962 |
A humanized anti-ganglioside GM2 (GM2) monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, anti-ganglioside GM2 monoclonal antibody BIW-8962 may activate an antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against GM2-expressing tumor cells. GM2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells, such as multiple myeloma (MM) cells and neuroblastoma cells. |
Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody DS-1055a |
An afucosylated human monoclonal antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP monoclonal antibody DS-1055a selectively targets and binds to GARP and depletes GARP-positive regulatory T-cells (Tregs). This leads to a reversal of immunosuppression mediated by GARP-posit… |
Anti-GARP Monoclonal Antibody HLX60 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP monoclonal antibody HLX60 selectively targets and binds to GARP. This specifically blocks the GARP-mediated release of the cytokine transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-b1), thereby relieving the immunosuppre… |
Anti-GARP/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody BPB-101 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) humanized bispecific antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; PDL1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP/PD-L1 bispecific antibody… |
Anti-GCC Antibody-Drug Conjugate TAK-164 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a full-length, fully-human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against the extracellular domain of guanylyl cyclase C (GCC; GUCY2C), conjugated using the peptide-linked indolino-benzodiazepine DNA alkylator DGN549 (IGN-P1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of TAK-164, the antibody moiety selectively binds to GCC-expressing cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the c… |
Anti-GD2 Antibody-drug Conjugate M3554 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the humanized monoclonal antibody dinutuximab (ch14.18) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) disialoganglioside (GD2; GD-2) conjugated, via a cleavable beta-glucuronide linker, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-GD2 ADC M3554, dinutuximab targets and binds to GD2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleava… |
Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody hu14.18K322A |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human glycosphingolipid GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon binding to the GD2 antigen, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody hu14.18K322A triggers a host immune response against GD2-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside with expression in normal tissues restricted primarily to the cerebellum and peripheral nerves, is commonly expressed at high levels on tumors of neuroectodermal origins… |
Anti-GD2 Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-028 |
A human IgM monoclonal antibody directed against disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody MORAb-028 may stimulate the immune system to exert a complement-mediated cytotoxic response against GD2-expressing tumor cells. The glycosphingolipid GD2 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells. |
Anti-GD2/Anti-CD56 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) disialoganglioside (GD2) and CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule 1; NCAM-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-GD2/anti-CD56 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in GD2- and CD56-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is ove… |
Anti-GD2/Anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) disialoganglioside (GD2) and CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-GD2/anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in GD2- and CD70-expressing… |
Anti-GD2/PSMA/CD276 4SCAR-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of T-cells that are genetically engineered to express fourth generation chimeric antigen receptors (4SCARs) targeting the three tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), disialoganglioside (GD2), and the immune checkpoint molecule protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (CD3zeta; CD3z), and fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (i… |
Anti-GD3 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06688992 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells, and linked to an as of yet not fully elucidated chemotherapeutic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the ADC PF-06688992, the antibody moiety targets and binds to GD3 expressed on melanoma cells. Upon internalization, the chemotherapeutic agent specifically kills the GD3-positive cells. GD3 represents a … |
Anti-GDF-15 Monoclonal Antibody AZD8853 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15; macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1; MIC-1; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-inducible gene-1; NAG-1; placental transforming growth factor-beta; pTGFB; prostate-derived factor; PDF; placental bone morphogenetic protein; PLAB), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-GDF-15 monoclonal antibody AZD8853 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GDF-15, thereby preventing … |
Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7 SQZ-PBMC-HPV |
A preparation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) specific for human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 and E7 proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were ex vivo manipulated, using a technique involving membrane disruption to get the HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins into the cells; the resulting APCs present the antigens in a major histocompatibility type I (MHC-I) manner. Upon administration of the APCs-expressing … |
Antigen-presenting Cells-expressing HPV16 E6/E7/CD86/mbIL-2/mbIL-12 SQZ-eAPC-HPV |
A preparation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) specific for human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6 and E7 proteins, and engineered to express the costimulatory molecule CD86 and the membrane-bound cytokines interleukin-2 (mbIL-2) and interleukin-12 (mbIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are ex vivo engineered with five mRNA encoding for HPV 16 E6/E7 antigens, CD86, mbIL-2 and mbIL-12; the resulting APCs … |
Antigen-targeted Personalized Breast Cancer Vaccine |
An individualized, therapeutic cancer vaccine (IVAC) composed of liposomes containing RNA encoding two or three tumor associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed in the patient’s individual cancer selected from a warehouse (“off the shelf”) and p53 RNA, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antigen-targeted personalized breast cancer vaccines are translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed protein is prese… |
Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ASP1951 |
A human, high-affinity, tetravalent monospecific agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357), with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Upon administration, anti-GITR agonistic monoclonal antibody ASP1951 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-lymphocytes. This induces both the activation and proliferation of tum… |
Anti-GITR Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986156 |
An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody BMS-986156 binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor antigen-specific T-effector cells (Teffs), and suppresses… |
Anti-GITR AgonisticMonoclonal Antibody REGN6569 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 18; TNFRSF18; CD357), with potential immune checkpoint modulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GITR agonistic monoclonal antibody REGN6569 targets, binds to and activates GITR, which is expressed on the cell surface of multiple types of T-lymphocytes and other immune cells. This induces both the activation and proliferatio… |
Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody GWN 323 |
An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-GITR antibody GWN 323 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulat… |
Anti-GITR Monoclonal Antibody MK-4166 |
An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential immunomodulating activity. Anti-GITR monoclonal antibody MK-4166 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system and induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory cells. This leads to tumor cell eradication. Also, this ag… |
Anti-Globo H Monoclonal Antibody OBI-888 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the hexasaccharide glycosphingolipid antigen Globo H with potential immunostimulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-Globo H monoclonal antibody OBI-888 may induce tumor cell destruction via the activation of antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and may reduce immunosuppression. Globo H is a tumor-associated antigen … |
Anti-Globo H/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI 999 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of OBI-888 (OBI 888), a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) globohexaosylceramide (globo H), covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-globo H/MMAE ADC OBI 999, the antibody moiety of OBI 999, OBI 888, targets and binds to globo H on tumor cells and is rapidly i… |
Anti-Glypican 3/CD3 Bispecific Antibody ERY974 |
An anti-glypican 3 (GPC3; GPC-3)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-GPC3/CD3 bispecific antibody ERY974 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for GPC3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of ERY974, this bispecific anti… |
Anti-Glypican 3-scFvGC33-CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the anti-glypican-3 (GPC3) monoclonal antibody GC33 (scFvGC33), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3-scFvGC33-CAR autologous T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfa… |
Anti-GnRH Vaccine PEP223 |
A peptide vaccine derived from the synthetic peptide pyroEHWSYGLRPG, corresponding to amino acids 22-31 of mouse gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential immunocastration activity. PEP223 is dimerized and contains a D-lysine (k) substitution at position 6 (pyroEHWSYkLRPG) to increase its immunogenicity. Anti-GnRH vaccine PEP223 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GnRH, neutralizing its activity. In turn, testosterone production… |
Anti-gpA33/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MGD007 |
An anti-glycoprotein A33 (gpA33)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gpA33/CD3 monoclonal antibody MGD007 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for gpA33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of MGD007, this bispecific antib… |
Anti-GPC3/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody BGB-B2033 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) glypican-3 (GPC3; GPC-3) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody BGB-B2033 simultaneously targets and binds to GPC3 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This … |
Anti-GPC3/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody CM350 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) glypican-3 (GPC3; GPC-3) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody CM350 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and GPC3 on GPC3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing of GPC3-expressing tumor cells. GPC3, a h… |
Anti-GPC3/TCR Nanobody SAR444200 |
A T-cell engaging (TCE) and heavy chain variable domain (VHH)-based nanobody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) glypican-3 (GPC3; GPC-3) and a T-cell surface antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-GPC3/TCR nanobody SAR444200 specifically targets and binds to GPC3 expressed on tumor cells and a T-cell surface antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, leading to CTL-mediated killing … |
Anti-GPC3-CAR Autologous T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3-CAR autologous T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypican family, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types while m… |
Anti-GPC3-CAR T-lymphocytes TAK-102 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3-CAR T-lymphocytes TAK-102 specifically targets and binds to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypican family, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types while minimally exp… |
Anti-GPR20/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-6157a |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the G protein-coupled receptor 20 (GPR20) conjugated to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-GPR20/DXd ADC DS-6157a, the anti-GPR20 antibody targets and binds to GPR20-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the DXd moiety targets and binds to DNA topoisomerase I, thereby st… |
Anti-GPRC5D/Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric antigen receptor(s) (CARs) targeting the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) and CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPRC5D/anti-CD19 CAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing GPRC5D and/or CD19. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express GPRC5D and… |
Anti-GPRC5D/anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody LBL-034 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPRC5D/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody LBL-034 binds to both CD3 on T-cells and GPRC5D expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and ind… |
Anti-gremlin-1 Monoclonal Antibody TST003 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against gremlin-1 (gremlin1; GREM1; Drm), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-gremlin-1 monoclonal antibody TST003 specifically targets and binds to gremlin-1, thereby neutralizing gremlin-1 expressed on tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This prevents binding to bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), specifically to BMP2 and 4, and blocks the gremlin-1-mediated inhibition of BMP sig… |
Anti-GRP78 Monoclonal Antibody PAT-SM6 |
A IgM monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78; also called BiP or HSPA5), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the anti-GRP78 monoclonal antibody PAT-SM6, the MoAb strongly binds to GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways and blocking the GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This eventually leads to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction i… |
Anti-GUCY2C CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting human guanylate cyclase 2C (GUCY2C; GCC; guanylyl cyclase C; heat-stable enterotoxin receptor; hSTAR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GUCY2C CAR-T cells target and bind to GUCY2C-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in GUCY2C-expressing tumor cells. GUCY2C, a transmembrane receptor expressed … |
Anti-HA Epitope Monoclonal Antibody MEDI8852 |
A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting a unique epitope in the stalk of the influenza A hemagglutinin (HA) protein, with broad influenza A virus neutralization activity. MEDI8852 was derived from an antibody isolated from human memory B-cells from patients previously infected with influenza caused by type A strains that was further optimized to increase neutralization potential. Upon infusion, MEDI8852 targets and binds to a region within the stalk of the HA … |
Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866 |
A proprietary fucose-free monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HB-EGF Monoclonal Antibody KHK2866 binds to HBEGF, thereby blocking its binding to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. The fucose-free monoc… |
Anti-HBEGF Monoclonal Antibody U3-1565 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HBEGF monoclonal antibody U3-1565 binds to HBEGF and blocks the binding of HBEGF to the EGF receptors. This prevents EGF receptor activation and the subsequent induction of cell growth signaling. HBEGF is mitogenic for fibroblasts and smooth muscle and may be involved in macrophage-mediated cellular proliferation. |
Anti-hCD70-CAR Retroviral Vector-transduced Autologous PBLs |
A preparation of autologous human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding for a T-cell chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) gene specific for the human cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous PBLs from a patient with CD70-positive cancer are transduced with a retroviral vector that encodes the CAR gene specific for CD70. After expansion in culture and reintroduction into the patient, a… |
Anti-hepcidin Monoclonal Antibody LY2787106 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) targeting the peptide hormone hepcidin, with potential anti-anemic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-hepcidin MoAb LY2787106 binds to hepcidin and prevents it from binding to the iron exporting protein ferroportin, which is expressed on both the basolateral surface of gastrointestinal (GI) enterocytes and the plasma membrane of macrophages. This prevents hepcidin-induced internalization and degradation of ferroportin and increases ferroport… |
Anti-HER2 ADC BB-1701 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent eribulin, a synthetic, macrocyclic ketone analogue of halichondrin B, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC BB-1701, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and bi… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody Conjugated Natural Killer Cells ACE1702 |
An off-the-shelf preparation of natural killer (NK) cells conjugated to a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 antibody conjugated natural killer cells ACE1702, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells, which may lead to cell lysis of HER2-expressing tumor cells by the NK cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer ce… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated via an uncleavable linker to an as of yet undisclosed maytansine derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 ADC BAT8001, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the cytotoxic maytansine deriv… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8010 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) linked to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC BAT8010, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, exatecan is released. Exatecan inhibits DN… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BL-M07D1 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) linked to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC BL-M07D1, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills HER2-expressing tu… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate IBI354 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a camptothecin derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 ADC IBI354, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the camptothecin derivative inhibits DNA topoisomerase I activity, thereby inh… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate JSKN003 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the bispecific monoclonal antibody anbenitamab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), site-specifically conjugated via N glycosylation site to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2 ADC JSKN003, the anbenitamab moiety sim… |
Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate MEDI4276 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a bispecific antibody against the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) comprised of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of the anti- HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab, which binds to domain IV of HER2, fused to the heavy chains of the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody 39S, which binds to domain II of HER2, and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic anti-microtubule agent tubulysin, with p… |
Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody KM257 |
A bispecific antibody directed against two distinct domains of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2 bispecific antibody KM257 simultaneously targets and binds to two different domains of HER2. This prevents the activation of HER2 signaling pathways. In addition, by binding to HER2, KM257 induces an antibody-dependen… |
Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody TQB2930 |
A bispecific antibody directed against two distinct domains of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2 bispecific antibody TQB2930 simultaneously targets and binds to two different domains of HER2. This prevents the activation of HER2 signaling pathways, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition of HER2-e… |
Anti-HER2 Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate ZW49 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a bispecific monoclonal antibody (ZW25) directed against two different epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2 bispecific ADC ZW49 targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization… |
Anti-HER2 Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A type-1-polarized dendritic cell (DC1)-based cancer vaccine against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of the anti-HER2 DC vaccine, the immune system gets exposed to HER2, which may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2-positive tumor cells. This may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth…. |
Anti-HER2 GSPT1 Degrader ORM-5029 |
A targeted protein degrader (TPD) composed of pertuzumab, an antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), conjugated, via a Val-Cit PABc cleavable linker, to SMol006, a membrane-permeable selective molecular glue degrader (MGD) of the translational termination factor GSPT1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2 GSPT1 degrader ORM-5029 specificall… |
Anti-HER2 Immune Stimulator-antibody Conjugate NJH395 |
An immune stimulator-antibody conjugate (ISAC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to a not yet disclosed immune stimulator, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration of the anti-HER2 immune stimulator-antibody conjugate NJH395, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding, the immune-stimulating moiety may, through… |
Anti-HER2 Molecule AIP-303 |
A molecule targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, EGFR2, ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-HER2 molecule AIP-303 targets and binds to HER2-expressing cells. This may inhibit HER2-mediated signaling and inhibit growth in HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of various tumor cell types. |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody |
Any monoclonal antibody that is directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; ERBB2). |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody B002 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody B002 targets and binds to HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to antitumor activity. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1006 |
A glycosylation engineered recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the extracellular dimerization domain (subdomain II) of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody BAT1006 targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells, thereby blocking HER2-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the proliferation of HER2-expressing tumo… |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody BAY2701438 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody BAY2701438 targets and specifically binds to HER2 on tumor cells, thereby blocking HER2-mediated signaling. This may inhibit proliferation of HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types and is associated with increased tumor cell proliferation. |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody HLX22 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (lg) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody HLX22 targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surface. This may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is ov… |
Anti-HER2 Monoclonal Antibody QL1209 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the domain II of the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody QL1209 targets and binds to HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer c… |
Anti-HER2/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody YH32367 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/4-1BB bispecific antibody YH32367 simultaneously targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB expressed on ac… |
Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody M802 |
A humanized bispecific antibody composed of a monovalent unit directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and a single chain unit directed against CD3 found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody M802 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to HE… |
Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody GBR 1302 |
An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-HER2/Anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody GBR 1302 possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of GBR 1302, this bi… |
Anti-HER2/Anti-PD-1 Bispecific Antibody SSGJ-705 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2) and the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/anti-PD-1 bispecific antibody SSGJ-705 simultaneously targets, binds to and inhibits HER2 and PD-1 and their downstream signaling pathways, and bridges PD-1-expressing T-cells to… |
Anti-HER2/Auristatin Payload Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1522 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of HT-19, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; HER2), conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable, hydrophilic polymer backbone and various linkers, to proprietary auristatin-derived payload molecules (about 15 per antibody), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2/auristatin payload ADC XMT-1522, the antibody moiety targets and binds to a unique epitope in the ext… |
Anti-HER2/CD3 Tri-specific Antibody BR115 |
A tri-specific T-cell engager and monoclonal antibody targeting two separate epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2/CD3 tri-specific antibody BR115 targets and binds to two separate HER2 epitopes on HER2-expressing tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigge… |
Anti-HER2/CD3/CD28 Tri-specific Antibody SAR443216 |
A tri-specific T-cell engager and monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and CD28, a T-cell specific surface glycoprotein and co-stimulatory molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-HER2/CD3/CD28 tri-specific antibody SAR443216 targets and binds to CD3 and CD28 on T-cells and HER2 expressed on tumor cells…. |
Anti-HER2/CD3/XTEN Protease-activated T-cell Engager AMX-818 |
A protease-activated prodrug T-cell engager (TCE) composed of two tandem single chain variable fragments (scFvs) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to two unstructured polypeptides (XTEN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Double XTEN masking allows for universal masks that sterically hinder target binding of A… |
Anti-HER2/HER2 Bispecific ADC KM501 |
A bispecific antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets two different non-overlapping epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), ECD2 and ECD4, that is conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2/HER2 bispecific ADC KM501 selectively and simultaneously targets, binds to and blocks the two distinct HER2 domains on the tumor cell surface, thereby enhancing th… |
Anti-HER2/HER3 Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2) and 3 (HER3; ErbB3), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-HER2/HER3 DC vaccine, the immune system gets exposed to HER2 and HER3, which may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER-2/3-positive tumor cells. This may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor… |
Anti-HER2/PBD-MA Antibody-drug Conjugate DHES0815A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) linked to a DNA minor groove crosslinking agent pyrrolo[2,1- c][1,4]benzodiazepine monoamide (PBD-MA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of ADC DHES0815A, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization and lysosome-mediated cleavage, the cytotoxic… |
Anti-HER2/Topoisomerase I Inhibitor ADC GQ1005 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated, via a cleavable open-ring linker, to a topoisomerase I (TopoI) inhibitor-based payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER2/topoisomerase I inhibitor ADC GQ1005, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cel… |
Anti-HER2/Topoisomerase I Inhibitor ADC TQB2102 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated, via an enzyme-cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase I (TopoI) inhibitor payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-HER2/topoisomerase I inhibitor ADC TQB2102, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon… |
Anti-HER2-CAR Autologous CMV-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
Autologous human cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific human cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a human anti-Her-2 (epidermal growth factor receptor 2) chimeric T cell receptor (CAR) gene with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous CTLs from a patient with Her-2- and CMV-positive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are genetically modified to express CAR gene specific for Her-2 on their cell surfaces. After expansion in culture and re… |
Anti-Her-2-CAR Retroviral Vector-Transduced Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Autologous human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding an anti-Her-2 (epidermal growth factor receptor 2) chimeric T cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) gene with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous PBLs from a patient with Her-2-positive cancer are pulsed with a retroviral vector that encodes the CAR gene specific for Her-2. After expansion in culture and reintroduction into the patient, anti-Her-2-CAR … |
Anti-HER2-DM1 ADC B003 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a recombinant humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of B003, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassemb… |
Anti-HER2-DM1 Antibody-drug Conjugate GQ1001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and conjugated, via a site-specific linker, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER2-DM1 ADC GQ1001, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, DM1 binds to tubulin and interferes with microtubule assembly and… |
Anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103 |
A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to an analog of dolastatin 10, Auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER2-vc0101 ADC PF-06804103 targets HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, Auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, resulting in … |
Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate SHR-A2009 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) human monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3) conjugated via a cleavable peptide linker to a cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER3 ADC SHR-A2009, the anti-HER3 antibody moiety targets and binds to HER3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the topoisomerase… |
Anti-HER3 Antibody-drug Conjugate YL202 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3) conjugated via a tumor microenvironment (TME) activable protease-cleavable linker to a cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER3 ADC YL202, the anti-HER3 antibody moiety targets and binds to HER3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon proteolytic cleavage in the TME and the release of the topo… |
Anti-HER3 Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A type-1-polarized dendritic cell (DC1)-based cancer vaccine against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of the anti-HER3 DC vaccine, the immune system gets exposed to HER3, which may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER3-positive tumor cells. This may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth. HER3, … |
Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody GSK2849330 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody GSK2849330 binds to HER3 and inhibits its activation. This may prevent HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in tumors and is associated with p… |
Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody SIBP-03 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody SIBP-03 targets and binds to HER3 and inhibits its activation. This may prevent HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is freque… |
Anti-HER3/Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate DB-1310 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3) conjugated, via a maleimide tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER3 ADC DB-1310, the anti-HER3 antibody moiety targets and binds to HER3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, the topoisomerase I in… |
Anti-HER3/Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Antibody-drug Conjugate IBI133 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3) conjugated to a topoisomerase I (TopoI) inhibitor-based payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-HER3/TopoI inhibitor ADC IBI133, the anti-HER3 antibody moiety targets and binds to HER3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake, the TopoI inhibitor inhibits DNA topoI activity, thereby inhibiting DNA replication whic… |
Anti-HGF Monoclonal Antibody TAK-701 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody TAK-701 binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing HGF binding to and activation of the HGF receptor c-Met and so the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway; this may result in the induction of cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a… |
Anti-HHLA2 Monoclonal Antibody NPX887 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against HERV-H LTR-associating protein 2 (HHLA2; HHLA-2; B7 homolog 7; B7-H7), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HHLA2 monoclonal antibody NPX887 targets and binds to HHLA2, and blocks the interaction between HHLA2 and its receptors. This abrogates the HHLA2-mediated inhibition of T-cell and nature killer (NK) cell activation, which may lead to enhanced cytotoxic T-… |
Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA Antisense Oligonucleotide EZN-2968 |
A synthetic antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS ODN) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HIF-1alpha LNA antisense oligonucleotide EZN-2968 hybridizes with HIF-1alpha mRNA and blocks t HIF-1 alpha protein expression, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and apoptosis. HIF-1alpha, normally activated in response to hypoxia-induced stress, is a key transcription regulator of a… |
Anti-HIV-1 Lentiviral Vector-expressing sh5/C46 Cal-1 |
A gene transfer construct composed of a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) that targets the human C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) mRNA (sh5) and expressing the HIV entry inhibitor C46, with potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) activity. Upon transduction of the anti-HIV-1 LVsh5/C46 Cal-1 in specified blood cell populations, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells… |
Anti-HLA-A2/NY-ESO-1 TCR-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes |
Autologous human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral or retroviral vector encoding a human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) restricted anti-cancer-testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1) T-cell receptor (TCR) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and re-introduction into the patient, the anti-HLA-A2/NY-ESO-1 TCR-transduced autologous T lymphocytes recognize and bind to NY-ESO-1/HLA-A2-positive… |
Anti-HLA-A2-MAGE-A4/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody RO7444973 |
A bispecific T-cell engaging antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted, melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HLA-A2-MAGE-A4/Anti-CD3 bispecific antibody RO7444973 simultaneously binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and HLA-A2 MAGE-A4 on MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. This activates and … |
Anti-HLA-A2-WT1/Anti-CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody RO7283420 |
A T-cell receptor (TCR)-like T-cell engaging bispecific antibody (T-BsAb) targeting both the RMFPNAPYL nonapeptide (RMF peptide), which is derived from the intracellular Wilms tumor 1 (WT1; WT-1) and presented on human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2), and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HLA-A2-WT1/anti-CD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody RO7283420 simultaneously binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T… |
Anti-HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-114 |
A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that targets the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DR, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibody IMMU-114 binds to HLA-DR on HLA-DR-expressing tumor cells and, although the exact mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, appears to induce hyperactivation of ERK- and JNK-dependent mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways. This may lead to mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen specie… |
Anti-HLA-G Antibody TTX-080 |
An antibody targeting HLA-G histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (human leukocyte antigen G; HLA-G), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-HLA-G antibody TTX-080 targets and binds to HLA-G, thereby preventing the binding of HLA-G to its inhibitory receptors on a variety of immune cells, such as natural killer cells (NKs), T- and B-lymphocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). This may prevent the HLA-G-mediated i… |
Anti-HLA-G/CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-78306358 |
A bispecific antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HLA-G histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (human leukocyte antigen G; HLA-G) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-HLA-G/CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-78306358 targets and binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and HLA-G found on HLA-G-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirect… |
Anti-HLA-G/CD3 Bispecific Antibody RO7515629 |
A bispecific antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) histocompatibility antigen, class I, G (human leukocyte antigen G; HLA-G) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-HLA-G/CD3 bispecific antibody RO7515629 targets and binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and HLA-G found on HLA-G-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to… |
Anti-HPV16 TCR-engineered T-cells CRTE7A2-01 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that has been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an as of yet not identified viral oncoprotein(s) of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-HPV16 TCR-engineered T-cells CRTE7A2-01 specifically recognize and bind to the HPV16 oncoprotein(s) expressed on tumor cells. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor cells exp… |
Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody AMG 228 |
An agonistic anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Anti-human GITR monoclonal antibody AMG 228 binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teffs), and suppresse… |
Anti-human GITR Monoclonal Antibody TRX518 |
A humanized, Fc disabled anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with immunomodulating activity. Anti-human GITR MoAb TRX518 blocks the interaction of GITR, found on multiple types of T cells, with its ligand, thereby inducing both the activation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells, as well as abrogating the suppression induced by inappropriately activated T regulatory cells. This agent is shown to act synergistically with chem… |
Anti-ICOS Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986226 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody BMS-986226 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-… |
Anti-ICOS Monoclonal Antibody MEDI-570 |
An Fc-optimized humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS, CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ICOS MoAb MEDI-570 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This prevents the interaction between ICOS-positive T-cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which express the ICOS ligand (ICOSL). Blocking ICOS … |
Anti-IGF-1R Recombinant Monoclonal Antibody BIIB022 |
A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R recombinant monoclonal antibody BIIB022 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation… |
Anti-IGFBP2 Plasmid DNA Vaccine AST-201 |
A polyepitope plasmid DNA therapeutic cancer vaccine containing the mammalian expression vector pUMVC3 encoding multiple epitopes derived from tumor-associated antigens (TAAs): human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination, anti-IGFBP2 plasmid DNA vaccine AST-201 enters cells which process the plasmid, and express the epitopes and present them to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This a… |
Anti-IGSF8 Monoclonal Antibody GV20-0251 |
A human, Fc-attenuated immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the immune checkpoint immunoglobulin superfamily member 8 (IGSF8; PGRL; PG regulatory-like protein, KCT-4, CD81 partner 3; LIR-D1; KASP; KAI/CD82 associated protein; EWI-2; Glu-Trp-Ile EWI motif-containing protein 2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IGSF8 monoclonal antibody GV20-0251 targets and binds to IGSF8 expressed on vario… |
Anti-IL-11 Monoclonal Antibody 9MW3811 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-11 (IL-11), with potential anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IL-11 monoclonal antibody 9MW3811 targets and binds to IL-11. This prevents the binding of IL-11 to interleukin-11 receptor subunit alpha (IL-11RA), and inhibits IL-11-mediated signaling via the gp130/IL-11RA receptor complex. This may decrease fibrosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. IL-11, a member of the IL-6 family of cytokine… |
Anti-ILT2 Monoclonal Antibody AGEN1571 |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor Ig-like transcript 2 (ILT2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1; LILRB1; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1; LIR1; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 7; MIR-7; CD85j), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-ILT2 monoclonal antibody AGEN1571 targets and binds to ILT2. This preven… |
Anti-ILT2 Monoclonal Antibody SAR444881 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor Ig-like transcript 2 (ILT2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1; LILRB1; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1; LIR1; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 7; MIR-7; CD85j), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT2 monoclonal antibody SAR444881 targets and binds to ILT2. This prevents the … |
Anti-ILT2/Anti-ILT4 Bispecific Antibody PF-07826390 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors immunoglobulin (Ig)-like transcript 2 (ILT2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1; LILRB1; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1; LIR1; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 7; MIR-7; CD85j) and ILT4 (LILRB2; LIR2; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT2/anti-ILT4 bispecif… |
Anti-ILT2/Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody NGM707 |
A humanized, dual antagonist monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors immunoglobulin (Ig)-like transcript 2 (ILT2; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 1; LILRB1; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1; LIR1; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 7; MIR-7; CD85j) and ILT4 (LILRB2; LIR2; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT2/anti-ILT4 monoclonal antib… |
Anti-ILT4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-4830 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; LILRB2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ILT4 monoclonal antibody MK-4830 targets and binds to ILT4. This prevents the binding of ILT4 … |
Anti-ILT4/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody SPX-303 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; LILRB2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and anti… |
Anti-Immunoglobulin-beta CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting immunoglobulin-beta (Igb), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-Igb CAR T cells are directed to, specifically bind to, and induce selective toxicity in Igb antigen-expressing tumor cells. |
Anti-integrin AlphaV/Beta8 Monoclonal Antibody CRB-601 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against integrin alphaV/beta8 (aVb8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-integrin aVb8 monoclonal antibody CRB-601 targets and binds to integrin aVb8. This prevents the binding of integrin aVb8 to latent human transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta (L-TGFb) and inhibits the activation of L-TGFb complexes, thereby preventing TGFb-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb-mediated immunosuppression, en… |
Anti-integrin Beta-1 Monoclonal Antibody OS2966 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human integrin receptor beta-1 subunit (CD29), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-integrin beta-1 monoclonal antibody OS2966 targets and binds to integrin beta-1 on the surface of tumor cells and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing integrin beta-1-mediated activation of downstream signaling pathways. This may include the blockade of the binding of integrin beta-1 to the effector… |
Anti-integrin Beta-6/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-B6A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting integrin beta-6 and conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of anti-integrin beta-6/MMAE ADC SGN-B6A targets and binds to integrin beta-6 on the surface of tumor cells. Following internalization of SGN-B6A and release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and inhibits microtubule poly… |
Anti-Integrin Monoclonal Antibody-DM4 Immunoconjugate IMGN388 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-integrin monoclonal antibody covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Integrin-targeted immunoconjugate IMGN388 binds to tumor cell surface integrins; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety is released from the immunoconjugate, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in inhibition of cell division and cel… |
Anti-interleukin-1 Beta Monoclonal Antibody AK114 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the human proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IL-1b monoclonal antibody AK114 targets and binds to IL-1b and prevents the binding of IL-1b to the IL-1 receptor. This inhibits IL-1b-mediated signaling pathways, and suppresses inflammatory responses, tumorigenesis and angiogenesis mediated by IL-1b. IL-1b plays a key role in inflammation, w… |
Anti-interleukin-1 Beta Monoclonal Antibody FL-101 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the human proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-IL-1b monoclonal antibody FL-101 targets and binds to IL-1b and prevents the binding of IL-1b to the IL-1 receptor. This inhibits IL-1b-mediated signaling pathways, and suppresses inflammatory responses, tumorigenesis and angiogenesis mediated by IL-1b. IL-1b plays a key role in inflammation, … |
Anti-interleukin-13 Receptor Alpha 2 CAR T Cells YYB-103 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) specific for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-IL13Ra2 CAR T cells YYB-103 target and bind to IL13Ra2 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing IL13Ra2. IL13Ra2, a cancer-associated receptor, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell typ… |
Anti-KIR Monoclonal Antibody IPH 2101 |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human inhibitory killer IgG-like receptor (KIR) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Anti-KIR monoclonal antibody IPH 2101 binds to the KIR receptor expressed on human natural killer (NK) cells, which may prevent KIR-mediated inhibition of NK cells and permit NK cell-mediated anti-tumor cytotoxicity. KIRs are surface glycoproteins that bind to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class … |
Anti-KIR3DL3 Monoclonal Antibody NPX267 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL3 (killer cell immunoglobulin like receptor, three Ig domains and long cytoplasmic tail 3; KIR3DL3), an inhibitory receptor for human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2; B7 homolog 7; B7-H7), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-KIR3DL3 monoclonal antibody NPX267 binds to KIR3DL3 expressed on T- and natu… |
Anti-KLK2 CAR-T Cells JNJ-75229414 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting human kallikrein-2 (hK2; KLK2) expressed on tumor cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-KLK2 CAR-T cells JNJ-75229414 target and bind to KLK2-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in KLK2-expressing tumor cells. KLK2 is overexpressed in certain tumors, including prostate adenocarcinoma. |
Anti-K-RAS G12D mTCR-transduced Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding for an HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A*11:01 (HLA-A1101)-restricted murine T-cell receptor (mTCR) that recognizes the glycine (Gly, G) to aspartic acid (Asp, D) point mutation at position 12 (G12D) variant of K-RAS (KRAS), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. HLA-A1101-positive PBLs are harvested from a K-RAS G12D-expressing cancer patient and transfected with a retro… |
Anti-K-RAS G12V mTCR-transduced Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with an HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A*11:01 (HLA-A1101)-restricted murine T-cell receptor (mTCR) that recognizes the glycine to valine point mutation at position 12 (G12V) variant of K-RAS, with potential antineoplastic activity. HLA-A1101 positive PBLs are harvested from a K-RAS G12V-expressing cancer patient and transfected with a retroviral vector that encodes anti-K-RAS G12V mTCR. The transduced PBLs are then expanded in… |
Anti-KSP/Anti-VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02 |
A lipid nanoparticle formulation containing two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for kinesin spindle protein (KSP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, the siRNAs in KSP/VEGF siRNAs ALN-VSP02ALN bind to both KSP and VEGF messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing translation of KSP and VEGF proteins; this may result in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress KSP and VEGF. VEGF and KSP are upregulated in many tumor c… |
Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody HLX26 |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody HLX26 targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) … |
Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym022 |
A recombinant, human Fc-inert monoclonal antibody targeting lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody Sym022 binds to human LAG-3 and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity … |
Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody TQB2223 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3 monoclonal antibody TQB2223 targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting c… |
Anti-LAG-3/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI323 |
A recombinant, bispecific antibody directed against two immune checkpoint proteins, the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI323 simultaneously targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor mic… |
Anti-LAG-3/PD-1 Bispecific Antibody INCA32459 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc-silenced bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3/PD-1 bispecific antibody INCA32459 targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits … |
Anti-LAG-3/PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody FS118 |
A bispecific antibody directed against two immune checkpoint proteins, the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. FS118 is generated by incorporating an anti-LAG-3 Fc-region with antigen binding (Fcab) into a PD-L1-specific antibody. Upon administration, FS118 simultaneously … |
Anti-LAG-3/TIGIT Bispecific Antibody ZGGS15 |
A bispecific antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223) and the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAG-3/TIGIT bispecific antibody ZGGS15 targets, binds to and blocks LAG-3 expressed by tumor i… |
Anti-LAIR1 Monoclonal Antibody NC525 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR1; LAIR-1; CD305), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-LAIR1 monoclonal antibody NC525 targets, binds to and inhibits LAIR1-mediated downstream survival signaling. In addition, NC525 induces Fc-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). This inhibits survival of… |
Anti-LAIR1 Monoclonal Antibody NGM438 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the collagen-binding immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LAIR1; LAIR-1; CD305), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LAIR1 monoclonal antibody NGM438 targets, binds to and blocks LAIR1, thereby preventing its interaction with tumor-associated and stromal-derived collagens and the formation of the stromal checkpoint LAIR1-collagen complex. This may … |
Anti-LAMP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SAR428926 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody against lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker N-succinimidyl-4-(2-pyridyldithio)butyrate (SPDB), to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-LAMP1 ADC SAR428926, the anti-LAMP1 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen LAMP1. After antibody-antigen interaction and intern… |
Anti-latent TGFb1 Monoclonal Antibody RO7496353 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against latent human transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-latent TGFb1 monoclonal antibody RO7496353 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activation of latent TGFb1 complexes, thereby preventing TGFb1-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-me… |
Anti-Lewis B/Lewis Y Monoclonal Antibody GNX102 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) Lewis B (LeB) and Lewis Y (LeY), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-LeB/LeY monoclonal antibody GNX102 binds to branched LeB and LeY glycans, which may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against LeB- and LeY-expressing tumor cells. LeB and LeY antigens, tetrasaccharides with low to moderate expression in monomeric form in normal a… |
Anti-LGR5 Monoclonal Antibody BNC101 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the anti-LGR5 humanized monoclonal antibody BNC101 targets and binds to LGR5, thereby inhibiting LRG5-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents proliferation of LRG5-expressing tumor cells. LGR5, a member of the Wnt signaling pathway, is a cancer stem cell (CSC) receptor overexpressed on certain cancer cells; it p… |
Anti-LILRB Monoclonal Antibody ADA-011 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors B (LILRB) immune checkpoint receptor family, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB monoclonal antibody ADA-011 targets, binds to and inhibits LILRB family members and their downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function and anti-tumor immune responses. The LILRB receptor family is a family of inhibitory immune check… |
Anti-LILRB2 Monoclonal Antibody BMS-986406 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (LILRB2; ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB2 monoclonal antibody BMS-986406 targets and binds to LILRB2. This prevents the binding of LILR… |
Anti-LILRB2 Monoclonal Antibody IO-108 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (LILRB2; ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti- LILRB2 monoclonal antibody IO-108 targets and binds to LILRB2. This prevents the binding of LILRB2 … |
Anti-LILRB2 Monoclonal Antibody OR502 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (LILRB2; ILT4; leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB2 monoclonal antibody OR502 targets and binds to LILRB2. Thi… |
Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody BND-35 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the myeloid-enriched immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody BND-35 targets, binds to and blocks LILRB4, thereby preventing the interaction with its ligands, such as fibronectin, in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents the a… |
Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody IO-202 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody IO-202 targets, binds to and inhibits LILRB4 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells, and inhibit tumor infiltration. LILRB4… |
Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody MK-0482 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the myeloid-enriched immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody MK-0482 targets, binds to and blocks LILRB4, thereby preventing the interaction with its ligands, such as fibronectin, in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents the … |
Anti-LILRB4 Monoclonal Antibody NGM831 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the myeloid-enriched immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LILRB4 monoclonal antibody NGM831 targets, binds to and blocks LILRB4, thereby preventing the interaction with its ligands, such as fibronectin, in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents the activation of LILRB4-mediated downst… |
Anti-LILRB4/MMAE ADC SG2918 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-LILRB4/MMAE ADC SG2918, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to LILRB4. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released, … |
Anti-LIV-1 Antibody-drug Conjugate BRY812 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against solute carrier family 39 zinc transporter member 6 (SLC39A6; LIV-1; ZIP6) that is conjugated, via a linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and binding to LIV-1-positive tumor cells, BRY812 enters the tumor cell lysosome through endocytosis, and releases MMAE. MMAE binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which ma… |
Anti-LLT1 Monoclonal Antibody ZM008 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) lectin-like transcript-1 (LLT1; CLEC2D; OCIL), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-LLT1 monoclonal antibody ZM008 targets and binds to LLT1 expressed on a variety of tumor cells. This prevents the binding of LLT1 to its receptor C-type lectin-like receptor cluster of differentiation 161 (CD161) primarily expressed on CD161-positive natur… |
Anti-Ly6E Antibody-Drug Conjugate RG 7841 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus E (Ly6E) and linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of RG 7841 targets and binds to Ly6E expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action, the Ly6E-expre… |
Anti-MAGE-A4 T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-C103C |
A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of IMC-C103C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to MAGE-A4 on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This sel… |
Anti-MART-1 TCR Retroviral Vector-Transduced Autologous TIL |
Human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) isolated from a melanoma patient and were engineered to react with the melanoma antigen MART-1 (Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T cells, also called Melan-A). These TILs are transfected with a retroviral vector encoding anti-MART-1 specific T-cell receptors, grown in culture, and then transferred back to the patient. These genetically modified TIL may recognize and halt the growth of MART-1-expressing melanoma cells. |
Anti-Melanin Monoclonal Antibody PTI-6D2 |
A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against extracellular melanin with tumor targeting activity. Anti-melanin monoclonal antibody PTI-6D2 binds to extracellular melanin, a melanocyte pigment which is released during tumor cell turnover from dead melanoma tumor cells, while avoiding the binding of melanin in normal, healthy tissue because of melanin’s normal intracellular location. Upon labeling with the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 188 (PTI-188), this MoAb may target multiple melanoma (MM) … |
Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate BMS-986148 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin and conjugated, via a valine-citrulline linker, to the cytotoxic agent tubulysin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-mesothelin ADC BMS-986148, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to mesothelin. Upon internalization, the tubulysin moiety inhibits the polymeriz… |
Anti-mesothelin Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-MesoC2 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and conjugated, via a tumor-specific cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-MSLN ADC SGN-MesoC2, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the TOP1… |
Anti-mesothelin CAR T-cells UCMYM802 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MSLN CAR T-cells UCMYM802 specifically target and kill MSLN-expressing tumor cells. MSLN, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. |
Anti-mesothelin CAR Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Genetically modified, autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin single chain variable fragment (scFv), the intracellular CD3 zeta T-cell receptor domain and the 4-1BB (cd137) costimulatory domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the anti-mesoth… |
Anti-mesothelin CAR Vector-transduced T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-MSLN CAR vector-transduced T-lymphocytes specifically target and kill MSLN-expressing tumor cells. MSLN, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer … |
Anti-mesothelin CAR-CD40L-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), and CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MSLN CAR-CD40L-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and kill MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpre… |
Anti-mesothelin CIR mRNA-electroporated Autologous T Cells |
Autologous chimeric immune receptor (CIR) T cells transfected with anti-mesothelin chimeric T cell receptor mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-mesothelin mRNA encodes a single chain antibody variable fragment (ScFv), the intracellular CD 3 zeta T cell receptor domain and the 4-1BB (cd137) costimulatory domain. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-mesothelin CIR mRNA-electroporated autologous T cells may attach to cancer cells expressing mesothelin. This may stimulate … |
Anti-mesothelin iCasp9M28z CAR-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes |
Genetically modified, autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for mesothelin linked to the signaling domains for the co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and CD3 zeta, as well as the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-mesothelin iCasp9M28z CAR-transduced autologous T lymphocytes specifically target and kill mesoth… |
Anti-mesothelin T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody JNJ-79032421 |
A bispecific T-cell engager (TCE) and bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-mesothelin T-cell engaging bispecific antibody JNJ-79032421 targets and binds to MSLN expressed on tumor cells and to CD3 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to MSLN-expressing tumor cells, which… |
Anti-mesothelin/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMOT4039A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MMOT0530A, a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin (MSLN), and covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DMOT4039A binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells and is inte… |
Anti-mesothelin-Pseudomonas Exotoxin 24 Cytolytic Fusion Protein LMB-100 |
An anti-mesothelin (MSLN) recombinant cytolytic fusion protein (cFP) composed of a humanized Fab fragment of anti-MSLN monoclonal antibody SS1 linked to a truncated and de-immunized 24 kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) (PE24), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-MSLN-PE24 cFP LMB-100, the anti-MSLN moiety targets and binds to MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization through endocytosis, the toxin moiety ADP-ribosylat… |
Anti-Met Monoclonal Antibody Mixture Sym015 |
A mixture of two humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibodies, Hu9006 and Hu9338, which recognize non-overlapping epitopes in the extracellular domain of the human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MET monoclonal antibody mixture Sym015 targets and binds to the extracellular domain of MET, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). This may prevent activation of… |
Anti-MET x MET Antibody Drug Conjugate REGN5093-M114 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of REGN5093, a biparatopic monoclonal antibody that targets two different epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MET (c-MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), and conjugated, via a protease cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic maytansine derivative M24, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-MET x MET ADC REGN5093-M114, the REGN5093 moiety targets and binds to two different, non-overlapping epitopes o… |
Anti-Met/EGFR Monoclonal Antibody LY3164530 |
A monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-Met/EGFR MoAb LY3164530 targets and prevents the activation of EGFR and c-Met. This leads to a downstream inhibition of EGFR/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways, and prevents cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing EGFR and c-Met. EGFR, a member of the epidermal gro… |
Antimetabolite FF-10502 |
An antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FF-10502 is able to enter the nucleus where it inhibits DNA polymerases, thereby preventing DNA synthesis and halting tumor cell proliferation. |
Anti-MICA/MICB Monoclonal Antibody CLN-619 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) ligands MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA) and B (MICB), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MICA/MICB monoclonal antibody CLN-619 targets and binds to the alpha3 domain of MICA and MICB, and prevents the cleavage of MICA and MICB from the cell surface of tumor cells by proteases in the… |
Anti-MICA/MICB Monoclonal Antibody DM919 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) ligands MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA) and B (MICB), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MICA/MICB monoclonal antibody DM919 targets and binds to both MICA and MICB, and prevents the cleavage of MICA and MICB from the cell surface of tumor cells by proteases in the tumor microen… |
Anti-minor Histocompatibility Complex Donor T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic, donor-derived T-lymphocytes that are specific for a unique set of minor histocompatibility complex antigens (MiHA) exclusively found on the surface of malignant cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. T-lymphocytes are derived from an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) donor. Ex vivo, these T-cells are exposed to and primed against a select set of host-specific hematopoietic tissue-restricted MiHAs that are expressed on l… |
Anti-MSLN CAR-T Cells LCAR-M23 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-MSLN CAR-T cells LCAR-M23 specifically target and kill MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. |
Anti-MSLN/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody ZW171 |
A bispecific T-cell engager (TCE) and bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MSLN/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody ZW171 bivalently binds to MSLN expressed on tumor cells and monovalently binds to CD3 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to MSLN-expressing tumor cells, which r… |
Anti-MUC1 CAR-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) against the human tumor-associated epithelial antigen mucin 1 (MUC1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous PBLs from a patient with MUC1-positive cancer are transduced with a retroviral vector that encodes the CAR gene specific for MUC1. After expansion in culture and reintroduction into the patient… |
Anti-MUC1 Monoclonal Antibody BTH1704 |
A monoclonal antibody against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody BTH1704 targets and binds to MUC1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells, which can potentially activate the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tum… |
Anti-MUC1/EGFR Bispecific Antibody Drug Conjugate M1231 |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a bispecific antibody directed against the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) mucin-1 (MUC1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), conjugated, via a cleavable valine-citruline-based linker, to the hemiasterlin-related toxic warhead, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of anti-MUC1/EGFR bispecific ADC M1231 targets and binds to MUC1 and EGFR expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon bi… |
Anti-MUC16 CAR T-cells 27T51 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin-16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MUC16 CAR T-cells 27T51 recognize and bind to MUC16-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in MUC16-expressing tumor cells. MUC16, a member of the mucin family of glyco… |
Anti-MUC16/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody LBL-033 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody containing one arm targeting human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen that is part of the T-cell receptor (TCR) complex, and two arms targeting the membrane-proximal domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC16/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody LBL-033 binds to both T-cells and MUC16-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells to… |
Anti-MUC16/CD28 Bispecific Antibody REGN5668 |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, anti-MUC16/CD28 bispecific antibody REGN5668 binds to both CD28 on T-cells and MUC16-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells to the tumor cells. This may result in a potent cytotoxic T-lympho… |
Anti-MUC16/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate DMUC4064A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against human mucin 16 (MUC16; cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-MUC16/MMAE ADC DMUC4064A binds to MUC16 located on the tumor cell surface. After internalization of the agent, the MMAE moiety is released and binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymer… |
Anti-mucin-1/CD16A Bispecific Antibody BGB-B3227 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) humanized bispecific antibody directed against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1) and the human low affinity IgG Fc region receptor IIIA (FCGR3A; CD16A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-MUC1/CD16A bispecific antibody BGB-B3227 targets and binds to CD16A expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and MUC1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and NK cells. … |
Anti-mucin-1/PE Immunoconjugate BM7PE |
An immunoconjugate containing BM7, a murine monoclonal antibody directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1; MUC-1) covalently linked to the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of BM7PE, the antibody moiety targets and binds to MUC1. In turn, the PE moiety inhibits protein synthesis via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), thereby causing apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell growth and prol… |
Anti-mutant Calreticulin Monoclonal Antibody INCA033989 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the mutated form of calreticulin (mutCALR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-mutCALR monoclonal antibody INCA033989 selectively targets and binds to mutCALR expressed on CALR mutated CD34-positive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) while not binding to normal wild-type (WT) CALR on healthy CD34-positive HSCs. This prevents the formation of a mutCALR complex with the thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) in … |
Anti-NaPi2b Antibody-drug Conjugate XMT-1592 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of XMT-1535, a humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), that is site-specifically bioconjugated to the cytotoxic aurastatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-NaPi2b ADC XMT-1592, the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Following internalization o… |
Anti-NaPi2b/Exatecan Antibody-drug Conjugate TUB-040 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a Fc-silenced, humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-NaPi2b/exatecan ADC TUB-040, the antibody moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, cell… |
Anti-nectin-4 Antibody-drug Conjugate ADRX-0706 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4) that is conjugated to the tubulin inhibitor and cytotoxic agent AP052, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-nectin-4 ADC ADRX-0706, the anti-nectin-4 antibody targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, AP052 targets and binds to tubulin, and in… |
Anti-nectin-4 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY4052031 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4) conjugated, via a cleavable peptide linker, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor LSN3889710, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-nectin-4 ADC LY4052031, the anti-nectin-4 antibody moiety targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, interna… |
Anti-nectin-4 Antibody-drug Conjugate LY4101174 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fcg-silent monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4) conjugated, via maleimide-beta-glucuronide poly-sarcosine linkers, to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-nectin-4 ADC LY4101174, the anti-nectin-4 antibody targets and binds to ne… |
Anti-nectin-4 Antibody-drug Conjugate SHR-A2102 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-nectin-4 ADC SHR-A2102 targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, topoisomerase-1 inhibitor… |
Anti-nectin-4/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate CRB-701 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4), site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-nectin-4/MMAE ADC CRB-701, the anti-nectin-4 antibody moiety targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon … |
Antineoplastic Biological Agent |
Any agent that has a biological nature, such as agents containing living organisms, derived from living organisms, or comprised of ex vivo synthesized analogs of substances derived from living organisms, and that exerts antineoplastic activity. |
Antineoplastic Hormonal/Endocrine Agent |
Any agent that affects hormone levels and exerts antineoplastic effects. Antineoplastic hormonal/endocrine agents treat either hormone-dependent or hormone-sensitive cancers by modulating hormone levels and manipulating the endocrine system. |
Antineoplastic Immunomodulating Agent |
Any agent that is capable of modulating the immune system in order to exert antineoplastic effects. Antineoplastic immunomodulating agents either activate the immune system, restore certain immune system activators or abrogate immunosuppression. |
Antineoplastic Radiopharmaceutical Agent |
Any radiopharmaceutical agent that targets cancer cells and exerts an antineoplastic effect through radiotoxicity. |
Antineoplastic Vaccine GV-1301 |
Antineoplastic vaccine being developed against liver cancer. (NCI) |
Antineoplaston A10 |
A piperidinedione antineoplaston with potential antineoplastic activity. Antineoplaston A10 was originally isolated from human urine but is now synthetically derived. This agent intercalates into DNA, resulting in cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, reduction of mitosis, and decreased protein synthesis. Antineoplaston A10 may also inhibit ras-oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, leading to cell differentiation and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Antineoplaston AS2-1 |
A 4:1 mixture of phenylacetate and phenylacetylgluatmine, degradation products of the antineoplaston agent A10. Antineoplaston AS2-1 inhibits the incorporation of L-glutamine into tumor-cell proteins, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and inhibition of mitosis. This agent may also inhibit RAS oncogene expression and activate tumor suppressor gene p53, resulting in cell differentiation and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Anti-netrin-1 Monoclonal Antibody NP137 |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the laminin-related protein netrin-1 (NTN1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-NTN1 monoclonal antibody NP137 targets, binds to and neutralizes NTN1, thereby preventing its binding to and activation of NTN1 receptors. By blocking NTN1, NP137 is able to restore apoptosis in tumor cells. This inhibits tumor growth and metastasis. NTN1, overexpressed by a variety of cancers, pla… |
Anti-nf-P2X7 Antibody Ointment BIL-010t |
An ointment formulation composed of a purified sheep immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody against the non-functional form of the purinergic P2X7 receptor (nf-P2X7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the anti-nf-P2X7 antibody ointment BIL-010t, the antibody binds to nf-P2X7 and inhibits its antiapoptotic activity. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of nf-P2X7-overexpressing cancer cells. P2X7, an ATP-gated cation-selective channel, plays a role in the… |
Anti-NKG2A Monoclonal Antibody BRY805 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A; natural killer group 2 A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody BRY805 targets and binds to NKG2A, thereby preventing the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibitio… |
Anti-NKG2A Monoclonal Antibody Sym025 |
A monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-NKG2A monoclonal antibody Sym025 targets and binds to NKG2A, and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cy… |
Anti-NRP1 Antibody ASP1948 |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1; CD304; BDCA-4), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-NRP1 antibody ASP1948 specifically targets and binds to NRP1. This prevents the binding of NRP1 to its ligand and may block the immune inhibitory actions of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) mediated by the interaction of NRP1 with its ligand. This may enhance the immune response against tumor cells. NRP1 is… |
Anti-Nucleolin Aptamer AS1411 |
A 26-base guanine-rich oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer with potential apoptotic induction activity. Upon administration, anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411 targets and binds to nucleolin, a nucleolar phosphoprotein which is overexpressed on the surface of certain cancer cells. Via binding to cell surface nucleolin, AS1411 is internalized and may prevent nucleolin from binding to and stabilizing mRNA of the anti-apoptotic BCL2, thereby destabilizing BCL2 mRNA, leading to a reduction in BCL2 protein sy… |
Anti-NY-ESO-1 Immunotherapeutic GSK-2241658A |
An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. |
Anti-NY-ESO1 TCR-transduced Autologous CD62L+-derived T-Lymphocytes |
Human autologous CD62L-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and reintroduction into the patient, the anti-NY-ESO1 TCR-transduced autologous CD62L+-derived T-Lymphocytes bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediate… |
Anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv Anti-CD3 IMCnyeso |
A bispecific molecule composed of a soluble, affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2)-restricted cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 isoform A (LAGE-1A; LAGE-A1; CT6.2a), fused to a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, anti-NY-ESO1/LAGE-1A TCR/scFv anti-CD3 IMCnyeso specifically targets and … |
Anti-OFA Immunotherapeutic BB-MPI-03 |
A cancer vaccine composed of 3 different cytotoxic T-cell epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen oncofetal antigen (OFA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, anti-OFA immunotherapeutic vaccine BB-MPI-03 activates the immune system to elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing OFA. OFA, also called immature laminin receptor protein (iLRP), is expressed in fetal tissues and is ov… |
Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody BAT6026 |
An agonistic recombinant monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody BAT6026 selectively targets, binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enha… |
Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody GEN1055 |
An agonistic, hexabody-based monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody GEN1055 selectively targets and binds to OX40, thereby forming a hexamer and inducing OX40 clustering. This activates OX40 and induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibits th… |
Anti-OX40 Agonist Monoclonal Antibody YH-002 |
An agonistic recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 agonist monoclonal antibody YH-002 selectively targets, binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in the tumor… |
Anti-OX40 Antibody BMS 986178 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody against the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody BMS 986178 selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of the endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against t… |
Anti-OX40 Hexavalent Agonist Antibody INBRX-106 |
An agonistic, recombinant, humanized, hexavalent immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 hexavalent agonist antibody INBRX-106 selectively binds to six OX40 receptors per molecule, thereby clustering and activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and res… |
Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Mimicking the natural OX4 ligand (OX40L), anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tum… |
Anti-OX40 Monoclonal Antibody GSK3174998 |
An agonistic humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the cell surface receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40 monoclonal antibody GSK3174998 selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell… |
Anti-OX40/CD137 Bispecific Antibody FS120 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) dual-agonist, tetravalent, bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting the two human tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) co-stimulatory receptors OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-OX40/CD137 bispecific antibody FS120 simultaneously targets, binds to, and act… |
Anti-p53 T-Cell Receptor-Transduced Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with an anti-p53 T cell receptor gene with potential antineoplastic activity. PBLs are harvested from a patient and pulsed with a retroviral vector that encodes the T-cell receptor gene specific for a mutated form of p53. The transduced PBLs are then expanded in culture. When reintroduced to the patient, these modified PBLs express the anti-p53 T cell receptor which binds to mutant p53-overexpressing tumor cells; PBL-mediated tum… |
Anti-PD-1 Antibody AI-025/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody ONC-392 Combination Formulation AI-061 |
A 1:1 fixed dose combination formulation composed of the two monoclonal antibodies AI-025, a monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), and gotistobart, a pH-sensitive immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic acti… |
Anti-PD-1 Antibody-IL-15/IL-15Ra Fusion Protein IAP0971 |
A heterodimeric and bifunctional fusion protein composed of four chains: two heavy chains targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), one of which is fused to the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) while the other one is fused to IL-15 receptor alpha (IL15Ralpha; IL15Ra) sushi domain, which fuses the IL-15/IL-15Ra sushi domain complex, and two anti-PD1 antibody light chains, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunom… |
Anti-PD-1 Fusion Protein AMP-224 |
A recombinant B7-DC Fc-fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD-L2, B7-DC) and the Fc region of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-1 fusion protein AMP-224 specifically binds to PD-1 on chronically stimulated T-cells and reduces their proliferation. This may restore immune function and may result in the activation of cytotoxic T-cells and cell-mediated… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody 609A |
A recombinant immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody 609A targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses a… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1306 |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody BAT1306 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cell… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody BAT1308 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody BAT1308 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses again… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody GNR-051 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody GNR-051 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembran… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MEDI0680 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MEDI0680 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a tra… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody MW11 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody MW11 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. P… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody OSE-279 |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody OSE-279 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tu… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody PE0105 |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody PE0105 binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a trans… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody QL1604 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody QL1604 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a tra… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1901 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SHR-1901 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembra… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody Sym021 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1 , PCD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody Sym021 binds to and inhibits PD-1 activation and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a tr… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody SYN125 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SYN125 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune functions through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembran… |
Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody TY101 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody TY101 targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a tran… |
Anti-PD-1 siRNA PH-762 |
A self-delivering small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, anti-PD-1 siRNA PH-762 binds to and destroys mRNA PD-1, thereby preventing the expression of PD-1. As PD1-mediates the downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation, PH-762 is able to restore immune function and activa… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody IBI-319 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody IBI-319 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activate… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody ONO-4685 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody ONO-4685 binds to both PD-1 expressed on activated T- and B-cells and certain malignant T-cells and CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may activate and redirect CTLs to PD-1-e… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-CD73 Bispecific Antibody AK131 |
A bispecific antibody derived from penpulimab and dresbuxelimab and directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-CD73 bispecific antibody AK131 simultaneously targets and binds to… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA-4/Anti-VEGF Trispecific Antibody HC010 |
A trispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-CTLA-4/anti-VEGF trispecific antibody HC010 simultaneously targets, binds to and blocks PD-1 and CTLA-4… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody CTX-8371 |
A bispecific tetravalent antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody CTX-8371 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody IBI318 |
A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody IBI318 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TGF-beta Bifunctional Fusion Protein TQB2868 |
A bifunctional fusion protein directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-TGF-beta bifunctional fusion protein TQB2868 targets and binds to PD-1 and TGF-beta and prevents the activation of PD-1 and TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways in the tumor mi… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TGFbRII Bispecific Antibody INCA33890 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279) and human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor II (TGFbRII), with potential immune checkpoint modulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-TGFbRII bispecific antibody INCA33890 targets and binds to both PD-1 and TGFbRII and prevents the activation of PD-1 and TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIGIT Bispecific Antibody IBI321 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-1/anti-TIGIT bispecific antibody IBI321 simultaneously targets… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIGIT Bispecific Antibody ZG005 |
A humanized bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-TIGIT bispecific antibody ZG005 simultaneously ta… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody AZD7789 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-TIM-3 bispecific antibody AZD7789 simultaneously targets and binds to both TIM-3 a… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LB1410 |
A recombinant humanized bispecific antibody directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-TIM-3 bispecific antibody LB1410 simultaneously targets and … |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-VEGF Bispecific Antibody JS207 |
A recombinant humanized bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-VEGF bispecific antibody JS207 simultaneously targets and binds to both PD-1 expressed on T-cells and VEGF expressed on tumor cells. The binding of … |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-VEGF Bispecific Antibody MHB039A |
A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-VEGF bispecific antibody MHB039A simultaneously targets and binds to both PD-1 expressed on T-cells and VEGF expressed on tumor cells. The binding of MHB039A to PD-1 prev… |
Anti-PD-1/Anti-VEGF Bispecific Antibody SCTB14 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/anti-VEGF bispecific antibody SCTB14 simultaneously targets and binds to both PD-1 expressed on T-cells and VEGF expressed on tumor cells. The binding of SCTB14 to PD-1 preven… |
Anti-PD-1/CD47 Fusion Protein HX009 |
A bispecific antibody fusion protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1/CD47 fusion protein HX009, the agent simultaneously and selectively targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on T-lymphocytes and CD47 on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by HX009 b… |
Anti-PD1/IL-15 Fusion Protein SAR445877 |
A fusion protein composed of an antibody moiety targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a mutein of the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD1/IL-15 fusion protein SAR445877, the PD-1 targeting moiety specifically targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling… |
Anti-PD-1/IL-2 Bispecific Antibody Fusion Protein IBI363 |
A bispecific antibody fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and fused to a mutated form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/IL-2 bispecific antibody fusion protein IBI363 targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on PD-1-expressing T-cells, thereby inhibiting PD-1-mediat… |
Anti-PD-1/IL-2 Fusion Protein TEV-56278 |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of an antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-1/IL-2 fusion protein TEV-56278, the antibody moiety targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on PD-1-expressing T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The IL-2 moiety stimulates… |
Anti-PD-1/IL-2Ra/IL-2 Fusion Protein REGN10597 |
An antibody fusion protein composed of an antibody fragment targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and fused to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and masked with an antibody fragment directed against the IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2Ra; CD25) binding-site on IL-2, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/IL-2Ra/IL-2 fusion protein REGN10597 targets and … |
Anti-PD-1/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody AK129 |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/LAG-3 bispecific antibody AK129 targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells, thereby blocking the in… |
Anti-PD-1/LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody EMB-02 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/LAG-3 bispecific antibody EMB-02 targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the PD-1- and LAG-3-mediated downregulation of… |
Anti-PD-1/TGF-beta RII Bifunctional Fusion Protein JS201 |
A bifunctional fusion protein targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential immune checkpoint modulating, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/TGF-beta RII bifunctional fusion protein JS201 targets and binds to PD-1 and TGF-beta and prevents the activation of PD-1 and TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathw… |
Anti-PD-1/TGFbRII Fusion Protein LBL-015 |
A tetravalent bispecific fusion protein targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential immune checkpoint modulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1/TGF-beta receptor II (TGFbRII) fusion protein LBL-015 targets and binds to PD-1 and TGF-beta and prevents the activation of PD-1 and TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathwa… |
Anti-PD-1-IL-15 Prodrug Fusion Molecule ASKG915 |
A fusion protein composed of a recombinant human monoclonal antibody targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a prodrug for the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), composed of a potency reduced, mutein form of interleukin (IL)-15 complexed with the high-affinity IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) binding sushi domain, that is masked by a protease-cleavable masking protein, with potential immune checkpo… |
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody/IL-15 Fusion Protein IGM-7354 |
A fusion protein composed of a pentameric immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) fused to interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) complex, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1 antibody/IL-15 fusion protein IGM-7354, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing canc… |
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody-drug Conjugate HLX43 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic payload containing a camptothecin-based topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1 ADC HLX43, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets … |
Anti-PD-L1 Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-PDL1V |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1 ADC SGN-PDL1V, the anti-PD-L1 antibody specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Following internalizatio… |
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody FAZ053 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody FAZ053 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cel… |
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody GR1405 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody GR1405 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-… |
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody LP002 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody LP002 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caus… |
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody MDX-1105 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody MDX-1105 binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by many human cancer cell types. PD-L1 binding to PD-1 on T-cells sup… |
Anti-PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody RC98 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody RC98 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/… |
Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody LBL-024 |
A tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody LBL-024 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated… |
Anti-PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody QLF31907 |
A bispecific antibody targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/4-1BB bispecific antibody QLF31907 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocy… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-4-1BB Bispecific Antibody ABL503 |
A bispecific antibody composed of a Fc-silenced human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) fused with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-4-1BB bispecific antibody ABL503 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is e… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-CD47 Bispecific Antibody BAT7104 |
A symmetric immunoglobulin G (IgG)-like bispecific antibody targeting both the human cell surface antigen CD47 and the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-CD47 bispecific antibody BAT7104 targets and binds to both CD47 and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by BAT7104 blocks the int… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody ABL501 |
A bispecific antibody directed against two immune checkpoint proteins composed of an engineered immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3) fused with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-OX40 Bispecific Antibody EMB-09 |
A tetravalent, bispecific antibody directed against both the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-OX40 bispecific antibody EMB-09 binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, and simultaneously binds to and activates OX40 on activated T-cells. The binding … |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-TGF-beta Bifunctional Fusion Protein TQB2858 |
A bifunctional fusion protein directed against both human programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-TGF-beta bifunctional fusion protein TQB2858 targets, binds to and neutralizes TGF-beta on tumor cells and simultaneously targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of PD-L1 on the tumor cells. This prevents both TGF-beta- and PD-L1-mediated i… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-TIGIT Bispecific Antibody PM1022 |
A recombinant humanized bispecific antibody directed against both the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-VEGF Bispecific Antibody AP505 |
A bispecific antibody composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and fused to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-VEGF bispecific antibody AP505 targets and simultaneously binds to both PD-L1 and VEGF expressed o… |
Anti-PD-L1/Anti-VEGF-A Bispecific Antibody BNT327 |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/anti-VEGF-A bispecific antibody BNT327 targets and simultaneously binds to both PD-L1 and VEGF-A expressed on tumor cells. This prevents the binding of PD-L1 to its receptor, p… |
Anti-PD-L1/CD137 Bispecific Antibody MCLA-145 |
A full-length, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/CD137 bispecific antibody MCLA-145 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, … |
Anti-PD-L1/CD27 Bispecific Antibody CDX-527 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and the cell surface antigen CD27, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/CD27 bispecific antibody CDX-527 targets and binds to both PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells and CD27 expressed on a variety of immune cell types, including most T-lymphocytes. This prev… |
Anti-PD-L1/Claudin18.2 Bispecific Antibody Q-1802 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/Claudin18.2 bispecific antibody Q-1802 targets and simultaneously binds to both PD-L1 and CLDN18.2 expressed on certain types of … |
Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein KD033 |
A fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) fused to the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1/IL-15 fusion protein KD033, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). I… |
Anti-PD-L1/IL-15 Fusion Protein SIM0237 |
A fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), fused with potency reduced interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) sushi domain complex, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the anti-PD-L1/IL-15 fusion protein SIM0237, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing cells… |
Anti-PD-L1/PD-L2 Bispecific Antibody IMGS-001 |
Fc-engineered bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting both immune checkpoint regulatory proteins human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) and 2 (PD-L2; CD273), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/PD-L2 bispecific antibody IMGS-001 simultaneously targets and binds to PD-L1 and PD-L2 expressed on tumor cells, immunosuppressive stromal cells and endothelial cells. PD-L1 and PD-L2 binding by IMGS-001 … |
Anti-PD-L1/TGF-beta Bispecific Antibody Y101D |
A recombinant bispecific antibody targeting both the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and the human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, the anti-PD-L1/TGF-beta bispecific antibody Y101D targets, binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta while simultaneously targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of PD-L1 on tumor cel… |
Anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII Fusion Protein 6MW3511 |
A bifunctional fusion protein composed of a humanized anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) nanobody fused to a mutant form of the human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII fusion protein 6MW3511, the TGFbetaRII moiety targets, binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta while the anti-PD-L1 nanobody moiety simultaneously targets, binds to, and inh… |
Anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII Fusion Protein BJ-005 |
A recombinant bifunctional fusion protein composed of a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody fused to the extracellular domain (ECD) of the human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration of anti-PD-L1/TGFbetaRII fusion protein BJ-005, the TGFbetaRII moiety targets, binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta while the antibo… |
Anti-PD-L1/TIM-3 Bispecific Antibody LY3415244 |
A bispecific antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, LY3415244 simultaneously targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumo… |
Anti-PD-L1/VEGF/TGF-beta Trispecific Antibody DR30206 |
A trispecific antibody targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-L1/VEGF/TGF-beta trispecific antibody DR30206 targets and simultaneously binds to both PD-L1 and VEGF expressed on tumor cells, and… |
Anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu027 |
A lipoplexed formulation consisting of short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against protein kinase N3 (PKN3) encapsulated in catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, catiogenic and fusiogenic lipids promote anti-PKN3 siRNA Atu02 uptake by tumor cells; the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released once inside the cell. The siRNAs bind to PKN3 mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the PKN3 protein and,… |
Anti-PLGF Monoclonal Antibody TB-403 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the placenta growth factor (PGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PGF monoclonal antibody TB-403 binds to both PGF-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting the binding of PGF-1 and -2 to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and subsequent VEGFR-1 phosphorylation. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. PGF, a member of the VEGF sub… |
Anti-PLVAP CSR02-Fab-Tissue Factor |
A recombinant protein consisting of an antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of CSR02, a monoclonal antibody directed against plasmalemma vesicle associated protein (PLVAP), and linked to human tissue factor (TF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-arterial (IA) infusion of CSR02-Fab-TF, the Fab moiety targets and binds to the vascular endothelial cell specific protein PLVAP that is present on the blood vessels of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but that is not present on the blood ve… |
Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Monoclonal Antibody Hu8F4 |
A T-cell receptor (TCR)-like monoclonal antibody against PR1, a 9 amino-acid (VLQELNVTV) human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted leukemia-associated antigen (LAA) derived from the myeloid leukemia-associated antigens proteinase 3 (P3) and neutrophil elastase (NE), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PR1/HLA-A2 monoclonal antibody Hu8F4 selectively binds to a combined epitope of the PR1/HLA-A2 complex expressed on acute myeloid leukemia… |
Anti-PRAME Immunotherapeutic GSK2302032A |
An immunotherapeutic agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME), with potential antineoplastic activity. |
Anti-PRAME T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 scFv Fusion Protein IMC-F106C |
A T-cell re-directing bi-specific biologic composed of a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of IMC-F106C, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to PRAME on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 scFv moiety binds to CD3- expressing T-lymphocytes. This selectively… |
Anti-PRL-3 Monoclonal Antibody PRL3-zumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3; PTP4A3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PRL-3 monoclonal antibody PRL3-zumab targets, binds to and blocks PRL-3 expressed on tumor cells. Although the exact mechanism of action through which this antibody kills tumor cells has yet to be fully elucidated, PRL3-zumab binds to PRL-3. This prevents PRL-3-mediated signaling in, inhibits the proliferation of… |
Anti-Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Antibody Expressing Pluripotent Killer T-Lymphocytes |
A specific population of pluripotent killer (PIK) T-cells that have been induced to express high levels of antibodies against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which PIK-PD-1 cells exert their effects has yet to be elucidated, upon infusion, these cells secrete antibodies that target PD-1 expressed on the surface of activated T-cell… |
Anti-Progranulin Monoclonal Antibody AG01 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting human progranulin (PGRN; glycoprotein 88; GP88), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-PGRN monoclonal antibody AG01 targets and binds to PGRN expressed on tumor cells. This neutralizes PGRN and prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways, which may include extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), thereby inhibiting tumor cell pro… |
Anti-prolactin Receptor Antibody LFA102 |
A neutralizing antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-prolactin receptor antibody LFA102 binds to PRLR and prevents the binding of the peptide hormone prolactin (PRL) to its receptor. This binding induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually prevent tumor cell proliferation in PRLR-positive cancer cells. PRLR/PRL signaling pathway is frequently overexpressed in breast and prostate cancer. |
Anti-PSCA Monoclonal Antibody AGS-1C4D4 |
An IgG1k fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PSCA fully human monoclonal antibody MK4721 selectively targets and binds to PSCA, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing PSCA. PSCA is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface antigen found in cancers of the bladder, pancreas, and prostate. |
Anti-PSMA Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX517 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and site-specifically conjugated to two of the microtubule-disrupting toxin amberstatin (AS269), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PSMA ADC ARX517, the monoclonal antibody moiety selectively binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractor… |
Anti-PSMA Gamma Delta T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody LAVA-1207 |
A bispecific gamma delta T-cell engager (TCE) antibody targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and Vdelta2 on Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PSMA gamma delta T-cell engaging bispecific antibody LAVA-1207 binds to both PSMA-expressing tumor cells and Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells. This activates and redirects the Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells to PSMA-expressing tumor c… |
Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody MLN591-DM1 Immunoconjugate MLN2704 |
An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MLN591), directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen linked to a maytansinoid (DM1). The monoclonal antibody moiety of MLN2704 binds to tumor cells expressing prostate-specific membrane antigen; MLN274 is then internalized into the tumor cell where the DM1 maytansinoid moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly, resulting in a disruption of microtubule activity and cell divis… |
Anti-PSMA Monoclonal Antibody-MMAE Conjugate |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of this conjugate selectively binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and hormone-refractory prosta… |
Anti-PSMA/Anti-CD28 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-87189401 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PSMA/anti-CD28 bispecific antibody JNJ-87189401 binds to both CD28 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA expressed on tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which ma… |
Anti-PSMA/Anti-CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-585 |
A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PSMA/anti-CD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody TNB-585 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, wh… |
Anti-PSMA/Anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-PSMA/anti-CD70 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in PSMA- … |
Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody CCW702 |
A bispecific antibody that targets both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody CCW702, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which resul… |
Anti-PSMA/CD3 Bispecific Antibody REGN4336 |
A bispecific antibody that targets both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 bispecific antibody REGN4336, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which res… |
Anti-PSMA/CD3 Monoclonal Antibody MOR209/ES414 |
An anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-PSMA/CD3 monoclonal antibody MOR209/ES414 possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of prostate tumor cells. Upon intravenous administrati… |
Anti-PSMA/CD3 Protease-activated T-cell Engager JANX007 |
A protease-activated, masked T-cell engager (TCE) composed of a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-binding domain and a CD3-binding domain conjugated, via a tumor protease-cleavable linker, to a peptide mask that prevents CD3 engagement on T-cells and an albumin-binding domain that extends circulating half-life, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of anti-PSMA/CD3 protease-activated TCE JANX007, the tumor protease-cleavable lin… |
Anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of anti-human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) monoclonal antibody J591 conjugated, via a valine-alanine dipeptide linker, to tesirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/PBD ADC MEDI3726, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen PSMA, which is found on prostate cancer cells. Upon… |
Anti-PSMA/STEAP1 Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-969 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PSMA/STEAP1 ADC ABBV-969, the antibody moiety targets and binds to PSMA and STEAP1 expressed on tumor cells. Following receptor internalization, the cytot… |
Anti-PTK7/MMAE ADC PRO1107 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against human inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (protein tyrosine kinase 7; PTK7) linked to LD343, which is comprised of a protease-cleavable hydrophilic linker conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-PTK7/MMAE ADC PRO1107, the anti-PTK7 antibody moiety targets and binds to PTK7 expressed on tumor cel… |
Anti-PVR Monoclonal Antibody NTX-1088 |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the poliovirus receptor (PVR; CD155; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVR monoclonal antibody NTX-1088 targets and binds to PVR expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing its interactions with the human cell surface glycoprotein CD226 (DNAX accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoi… |
Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody COM701 |
A humanized, hybridoma monoclonal antibody against the poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody COM701 targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of PVRIG with its ligand… |
Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody GSK4381562 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody GSK4381562 targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby blocking the interaction … |
Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody JS009 |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody against poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR related immunoglobulin domain containing protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody JS009 targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of … |
Anti-PVRIG Monoclonal Antibody NM1F |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR related immunoglobulin domain containing protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PVRIG monoclonal antibody NM1F targets and binds to PVRIG expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This blocks the interaction of PVRIG with it… |
Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody GB-223 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with potential antiosteoclast and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody GB-223 specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. This results in the inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. By blocking … |
Anti-RANKL Monoclonal Antibody HS-20090 |
An immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL), with antiosteoclast activity. Upon administration, anti-RANKL monoclonal antibody HS-20090 specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. This results in an inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. RANKL, a protei… |
Anti-RNF43 Antibody-drug Conjugate SC-006 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) ring finger protein 43 (RNF43), linked to a DNA crosslinking pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-RNF43 ADC SC-006 targets and binds to RNF43 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic PBD moiety is released and forms highly cytotoxic DN… |
Anti-ROR1 Antibody-drug Conjugate CS5001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) that is site-specifically conjugated with a tumor-cleavable beta-glucuronide linker to a tumor-cleavable prodrug of pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-ROR1 ADC CS5001 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on… |
Anti-ROR1/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody EMB-07 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ROR1/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody EMB-07 binds to both ROR1 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to ROR1-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated… |
Anti-ROR1/Anti-CD3/Anti-HSA Trispecific Antibody NM32-2668 |
A trispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and human serum albumin (HSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ROR1/anti-CD3/anti-HSA trispecific antibody NM32-2668 binds to both ROR1 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This activates and redirects CTLs to ROR1-expressing tumor cell… |
Anti-ROR1/CD3 T-cell Engager NVG-111 |
A bispecific antibody and T-cell engager directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ROR1/CD3 T-cell engager NVG-111 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and ROR1 found on ROR1-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to ROR1-expressing tumor cells, which results in t… |
Anti-ROR1/PNU-159682 Derivative Antibody-drug Conjugate NBE-002 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) site-specifically conjugated to a derivative of the highly potent anthracycline PNU-159682, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of NBE-002 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the anthracycline-based toxin… |
Anti-S15 Monoclonal Antibody NC318 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 15 (Siglec-15; SIGLEC15; S15), a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin type lectins, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, anti-S15 monoclonal antibody NC318 targets and binds to S15 on the surface of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and certain tumor cells. Binding to S15 may disrupt TAM-mediated activities such as promotion of tumo… |
Antisecretory Factor-enriched Egg Yolk Powder Supplement |
A dietary supplement composed of dried egg yolk powder that is highly enriched in the protein anti-secretory factor (AF), with anti-inflammatory, anti-diarrheal, immunomodulating and chemo-adjuvant activities. Upon intratumoral administration of the AF-enriched egg yolk powder supplement, AF is able to normalize fluid flow by regulating the ion and fluid balance across the cell membranes, and decreases high interstitial fluid pressure (IFP). As elevated IFP presents a barrier to drug uptake a… |
Antisense Oligonucleotide GTI-2040 |
A 20-mer antisense oligonucleotide complementary to a coding region in the mRNA of the R2 small subunit component of human ribonucleotide reductase. GTI-2040 decreases mRNA and protein levels of R2 in vitro and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in human tumors in vivo. (NCI04) |
Anti-SEZ6 Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-011 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against seizure protein 6 homolog (SEZ6) linked to the cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic calicheamicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-SEZ6 ADC ABBV-011, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to SEZ6 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, calicheamicin is released. Calicheamicin binds to the minor groove of DNA, causing double strand DNA breaks and resu… |
Anti-SEZ6 Antibody-drug Conjugate ABBV-706 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against seizure protein 6 homolog (SEZ6) linked to an undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of anti-SEZ6 ADC ABBV-706, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to SEZ6 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills SEZ6-expressing tumor cells through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism. SEZ6, ov… |
Anti-Siglec-10 Monoclonal Antibody ONC-841 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint molecule sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectin 10 (Siglec-10; SIGLEC10), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-Siglec-10 monoclonal antibody ONC-841 targets and binds to Siglec-10 expressed on various immune cells, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and natural killer (NK) cells, in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents Siglec… |
Anti-SIRP Monoclonal Antibody ELA026 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting certain specific proteins of the human signal-regulatory protein (SIRP) family, with potential immunoregulatory activity. Upon administration, anti-SIRP monoclonal antibody ELA026 targets and binds to SIRP, a cell surface protein expressed on myeloids and T-lymphocytes. This depletes pathological myeloids and T-lymphocytes that are circulating due to excessive immune activation and inflammation. This eradicates pathological immune… |
Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody ADU-1805 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody ADU-1805 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-… |
Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody BI 765063 |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody BI 765063 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated… |
Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody BI 770371 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody BI 770371 targets and binds to SIRPa expressed on myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and neutrophils, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and its ligand cluster of differentiation 47 (CD… |
Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody DS-1103 |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody DS-1103 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated s… |
Anti-SIRPa Monoclonal Antibody LM-101 |
A monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPa monoclonal antibody LM-101 targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the … |
Anti-SIRPalpha Monoclonal Antibody BYON4228 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-SIRPalpha monoclonal antibody BYON4228 targets and binds to the two allelic variants of SIRPa v1 and v2 expressed on innate immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and neutrophils, thereby blocking the interaction betwee… |
Anti-STEAP1 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-STEAP1 CAR T-cells recognize and bind to STEAP1-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in STEAP1-expressing tumor cells. STEAP1 is overexpressed in a variety of can… |
Anti-STn Antibody-drug Conjugate SGN-STNV |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Sialyl Thomsen-nouveau (STn) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via the MC-vc-PAB linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-STn ADC SGN-STNV, the anti-STn antibody targets and binds to STn expressed on tumor cells. Following internalization of SGN-STNV and release of MMAE, MMAE targets and binds to tubulin, and … |
Anti-survivin T-cell Receptor/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Therapeutic ABBV-184 |
A T-cell redirecting bispecific therapeutic composed of a T-cell receptor (TCR) moiety specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) survivin and a CD3 binding moiety, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-survivin TCR/anti-CD3 bispecific therapeutic ABBV-184, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to survivin on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 moiety binds to CD3-expressing T-lymphocytes. This selectively cross-links tumor cells an… |
Anti-TAG-72 Monoclonal Antibody scFV CC-49/218 |
An immunoglobulin derived from the single-chain antigen-binding domain (sFv) of the monoclonal antibody CC-49 with potential antineoplastic activity. The parent monoclonal antibody CC-49 binds to the tumor-associated glycoprotein TAG-72 with high affinity, recognizing many tumor cell types that express TAG-72. Because of its single-chain structure, CC-49/218 sFv may exhibit a longer half-life than the parent monoclonal antibody CC-49; 218 represents the linker sequence that helps reduce aggr… |
Anti-TA-MUC1/DXd Antibody-drug Conjugate DS-3939a |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against tumor-associated mucin-1 (TA-MUC1) conjugated to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181) via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TA-MUC1/DXd ADC DS-3939a, the anti-TA-MUC1 antibody targets and binds to TA-MUC1-expressing tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and ly… |
Anti-TCR Vb6/Vb10/IL-2 Antibody Fusion Protein STAR0602 |
A bifunctional antibody fusion protein composed of an agonist antibody targeting the variable (V) beta 6 (Vb6) and beta 10 (Vb10) regions of the T cell receptor (TCR) and fused to the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TCR Vb6/Vb10/IL-2 antibody fusion protein STAR0602 selectively targets and binds to the Vb6 and Vb10 regions of the TCR expressed on a subset of alpha/beta T-cells, thereby activating and expa… |
Anti-TF Antibody-drug Conjugate MRG004A |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable BCN-valyl-citrulline linker, with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-TF ADC MRG004A, the monoclonal antibody moiety binds to cell surface TF and is internalized. After internalization of the a… |
Anti-TF Monoclonal Antibody ALT-836 |
A recombinant human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody ALT-836 binds to TF or the TF-Factor VIIa (FVIIa) complex preventing binding and activation of Factor X (FX) and Factor IX (FIX). This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a tra… |
Anti-TGF-beta 1/Anti-COX-2 siRNAs STP707 |
A polypeptide nanoparticle (PNP)-based therapeutic comprised of two small interfering RNA (siRNA) oligonucleotides directed against transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anti-TGF-beta 1/anti-COX-2 siRNAs STP707 binds to both TGF-beta 1 and COX-2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing the translation and expression of TGF-beta 1 and COX-2 proteins. This inhibits T… |
Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody SAR-439459 |
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody SAR-439459 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which TGF-beta is overactivated. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a varie… |
Anti-TGF-beta RII Monoclonal Antibody IMC-TR1 |
A monoclonal antibody directed against transforming growth factor-beta receptor type II (TGF-beta RII) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TGF-beta RII monoclonal antibody IMC-TR1 specifically targets and binds to TGF-beta R11, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta RII-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is mutated in a number of cancer cell types and is involved in cancer cell proliferation and tumor progression. |
Anti-thyroglobulin mTCR-transduced Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a gene encoding for a thyroglobulin (TG)-specific murine T-cell receptor (mTCR), with potential antineoplastic activity. PBLs are harvested from a thyroid cancer patient, and transfected with a retroviral vector that encodes the mTCR gene specific for the human TG antigen. The transduced PBLs are then expanded in culture. When reintroduced to the patient, these anti-TG mTCR-expressing PBLs target and bind to TG-overexpressing tumor cells, wh… |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody ASP8374 |
A fully human, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody ASP8374 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby … |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BAT6005 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody BAT6005 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing t… |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody BAT6021 |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody BAT6021 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the i… |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody COM902 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody COM902 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGI… |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody PM1021 |
A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody PM1021 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventin… |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody SGN-TGT |
A nonfucosylated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody SGN-TGT targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs). This … |
Anti-TIGIT Monoclonal Antibody TAB006 |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody TAB006 targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), … |
Anti-TIGIT/Anti-CD96 Bispecific Antibody BMS-986442 |
A Fc-enhanced bispecific antibody directed against both the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor CD96 (Tactile; T cell activation increased late expression), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT/anti-CD96 bis… |
Anti-TIGIT/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody HB0036 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIGIT/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody HB0036 simultaneously… |
Anti-TIGIT/Anti-PD-L1 Bispecific Antibody HLX301 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIGIT/anti-PD-L1 bispecific antibody HLX301 simultaneo… |
Anti-TIGIT/Anti-PVRIG Bispecific Antibody PM1009 |
A bispecific antibody composed of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R) fused to the c-terminus, with potential immun… |
Anti-TIGIT/Anti-PVRIG Bispecific Antibody SIM0348 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-based bispecific antibody directed against both the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and poliovirus receptor-related immunoglobulin (PVRIG; PVR Related Immunoglobulin Domain Containing Protein; CD112R), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIGIT/ant… |
Anti-TIM-3 Antibody BMS-986258 |
An antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration, anti-TIM-3 antibody BMS-986258 binds to TIM-3 that is expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cy… |
Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody BC3402 |
A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody BC3402 targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes… |
Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody LY3321367 |
A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody LY3321367 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and … |
Anti-TIM3 Monoclonal Antibody SHR-1702 |
A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIM3 monoclonal antibody SHR-1702 targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocyt… |
Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody Sym023 |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody Sym023 binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-speci… |
Anti-TIM-3 Monoclonal Antibody TQB2618 |
A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody TQB2618 targets and binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocyt… |
Anti-Tissue Factor Monoclonal Antibody MORAb-066 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF), with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration, anti-TF monoclonal antibody MORAb-066 binds to TF and prevents Factor VIIa (FVIIa) from binding, thereby interfering with the activation of Factor X (FX) into FXa. This may prevent thrombin formation and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism, and may inhibit angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. TF, a transmembrane protei… |
Anti-TMEFF2/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody JNJ-70218902 |
A T-cell redirecting agent and bispecific antibody targeting both the prostate cancer lineage antigen tomoregulin-2 (transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 2; TMEFF2; TENB2) and the T-cell surface receptor CD3, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TMEFF2/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody JNJ-70218902 targets and binds to both TMEFF2 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. The resulting cross-linkage ac… |
Anti-TNFR2 Monoclonal Antibody BI-1808 |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor Receptor 2 (TNFR2; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; TNFRSF1B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-TNFR2 monoclonal antibody BI-1808 targets and binds to TNFR2 on tumor-associated regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing TNFR2-mediated signaling. This depletes intra-tumoral Tregs, induces and expands intra-tumo… |
Anti-TNFR2 Monoclonal Antibody BI-1910 |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; TNFRSF1B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-TNFR2 monoclonal antibody BI-1910 targets and binds to TNFR2 expressed on the surface of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby activating CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. This may enhance cytotoxic T-cel… |
Anti-TNFR2 Monoclonal Antibody NBL-020 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; TNFRSF1B), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TNFR2 monoclonal antibody NBL-020 targets and binds to TNFR2 expressed on immune suppressive cells, such as tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenviro… |
Anti-TNFR2 Monoclonal Antibody SIM1811-03 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; TNFRSF1B), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities Upon administration, anti-TNFR2 monoclonal antibody SIM1811-03 targets and binds to TNFR2 expressed on immune suppressive cells, such as tumor-associated regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)… |
Anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 Tetravalent Bispecific Antibody BI 905711 |
A tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting both the pro-apoptotic death receptor tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2; death receptor 5; DR5) and cadherin-17 (CDH17), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-TRAILR2/CDH17 tetravalent bispecific antibody BI 905711, the antibody targets and binds to both TRAILR2 and CDH17, expressed on tumor cells. Receptor clustering and activation of TRAILR2 i… |
Anti-TREM1 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody PY159 |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TREM1 agonistic monoclonal antibody PY159 targets, binds to, crosslinks and activates TREM1 located on immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells (mMDSCs), tumor associated neutrophils (TANs), and t… |
Anti-TREM2 Monoclonal Antibody PY314 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2; TREM-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TREM2 monoclonal antibody PY314 targets and binds to TREM2 located on immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), including tumor associated macrophages (TAMs). This induces antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and/or antibody dependent c… |
Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8003 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated via an uncleavable linker to an as of yet undisclosed maytansine derivative toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 ADC BAT8003, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Up… |
Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BAT8008 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated via a cleavable linker to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 ADC BAT8008, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, inter… |
Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BIO-106 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) linked to an as of yet undisclosed tubulin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TROP2 ADC BIO-106, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TROP2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the tubulin … |
Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate BL-M02D1 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated, via a cathepsin B-cleavable linker, to the camptothecin derivative and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor Ed-04, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TROP2 ADC BL-M02D1, the anti-TROP2 antibody targets and binds to TR… |
Anti-TROP-2 Antibody-drug Conjugate DB-1305 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) covalently linked, via a cleavable linker containing maleimide tetrapeptide, to the topoisomerase-1 inhibitor P1021, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP-2 ADC DB-1305, the anti-TROP-… |
Anti-TROP-2 Antibody-drug Conjugate HS-20105 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) linked, via a cleavable linker, to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TROP-2 ADC HS-20105, the anti-TROP-2 antibody targets and binds to TROP-2 expressed on tumo… |
Anti-TROP2 Antibody-drug Conjugate OBI-992 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1), conjugated to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i; TOP-Ii) via a hydrophilic, enzyme-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TROP2 ADC OBI-992, the anti-TROP2 antibody moiety targets and binds to TROP2 exp… |
Anti-TROP-2 Antibody-drug Conjugate PBI-410 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) site-specifically conjugated to a camptothecin analog via a cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP-2 ADC PBI-410, the anti-TROP-2 antibody targets and binds to TROP-2 expressed on tumor… |
Anti-TROP-2 Antibody-drug Conjugate PF-06664178 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of PF-06478924 (RN926), a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1), site-specifically conjugated via a valine-citrulline cleavable linker with the auristatin-based cytotoxic agent Aur0101 (PF-06380101), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ant… |
Anti-TROP2 Monoclonal Antibody-Tub196 Conjugate JS108 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated, via a 2,3-disubstituted long side chain hydrolysis-resistant linker, to the tubulysin B analog Tub196, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP2 monoclonal antibody-Tub196 conjugate JS108, the a… |
Anti-TROP-2/Antibody-drug Conjugate SHR-A1921 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the exatecan derivative and topoisomerase-1 inhibitor SHR9265, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of anti-TROP-2 ADC … |
Anti-TROP2/EGFR Bispecific Antibody-drug Conjugate DM001 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a bispecific antibody directed against the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the auristatin derivative and microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon admi… |
Anti-TROP-2/MMAE Antibody-drug Conjugate LCB84 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of Hu2G10, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1), conjugated via a beta-glucuronidase-cleavable linker to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administra… |
Anti-TROP-2/Topoisomerase Inhibitor ADC MHB036C |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed topoisomerase inhibitor (TopoI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-TROP-2/TopoI ADC MHB036C, the anti-TROP-2 antibody targets and binds to TROP-2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon bind… |
Anti-TROP2-CAR-IL-15-transduced Cord Blood-derived Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer cells (NKs) that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TROP2-CAR-IL-15-transduced CB-derived … |
Anti-TSPAN8/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody ASP2074 |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tetraspanin-8 (TSPAN8) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TSPAN8/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody ASP2074 binds to both TSPAN8 expressed on tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against TSPAN8-expressing tumor cel… |
Antitumor B Key Active Component-alpha |
An orally available concentrated preparation of antitumor B (ATB, Zeng Sheng Ping), a Chinese herbal formula comprised of Sophora tonkinensis, Polygonum bistorta, Prunella vulgaris, Sonchus brachyotus, Dictamnus dasycarpus, and Dioscorea bulbifera, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, antitumor B key active component-alpha (ATB-KAC-alpha) may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, inhibit tumorigenesis and prevent the development of certain cancers. |
Anti-TWEAK Monoclonal Antibody RG7212 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the apoptotic ligand TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-TWEAK monoclonal antibody RG7212 binds to TWEAK and prevents the binding of TWEAK to its receptor, FGF-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14), thereby blocking the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling. This may prevent tumor cell proliferation, invasion, migration and angiogenesis. TWEAK has pleiotropic effects, mediating proinflammatory and pro-angiogenic activi… |
Anti-TYRP1/CD3 T-cell Engager RO7293583 |
A bispecific T-cell engager directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1; TRP1; glycoprotein 75; gp75) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-TYRP1/CD3 T-cell engager RO7293583 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and TYRP1 found on TYRP1-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to TYRP1-expressing tumor cells, which results … |
Anti-ULBP6 Monoclonal Antibody 23ME-01473 |
An Fc effector-enhanced, humanized afucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) ligand UL16-binding protein 6 (ULBP6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-ULBP6 monoclonal antibody 23ME-01473 targets and binds to soluble form of ULBP6, thereby preventing the binding of soluble ULBP6 to NKG2D-expressing immune cells. This enhances the binding of NKG2D-expressing imm… |
Anti-VEGF Anticalin PRS-050-PEG40 |
A pegylated, proprietary lipocalin that targets human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pegylated anti-VEGF anticalin PRS-050 specifically targets and binds to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2 or KDR), thereby preventing its activity. This may inhibit angiogenesis and eventually reduce tumor cell growth. |
Anti-VEGF Monoclonal Antibody hPV19 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody hPV19 targets and binds to VEGFR at a unique binding site and inhibits VEGF binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling. This prevents the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. This decreases nutrient supply to tumor cells, res… |
Anti-VEGF/ANG2 Nanobody BI 836880 |
A nanobody directed against angiopoietin-2 (Ang2; ANGPT2)- and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-derived peptides, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Anti-VEGF/ANG2 nanobody BI 836880 binds to Ang2 and VEGF and inhibits receptor binding; this prevents Ang2- and VEGF-mediated signaling and inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Both VEGF and Ang2 are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and play a crucial role in angiogenesis. … |
Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 Fusion Protein HB-002T |
A recombinant, human immunoglobulin Fc fusion protein targeting both the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta 1 (TGF-beta 1; TGFb1) and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-VEGF/TGF-beta 1 fusion protein HB-002T, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes both TGF-beta 1 and VEGF. This prevents TGFb1- and VEGF-mediated signaling and abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-i… |
Anti-VEGF/TGF-beta Bispecific Antibody Fusion Protein ZGGS18 |
A bifunctional antibody fusion protein targeting both vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-VEGF/TGF-beta bispecific antibody fusion protein ZGGS18 targets, binds to and neutralizes both VEGF and TGF-beta. This prevents VEGF- and TGF-beta-mediated signaling and abrogates VEGF/VEGFR-induced angiogenesis and TGF-beta-mediated induction o… |
Anti-VEGFC Monoclonal Antibody VGX-100 |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC or Flt4 ligand) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFC monoclonal antibody VGX-100 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFC protein, thereby preventing its binding to VEGFR3 (FLT4) or VEGFR2 (KDR or FLK1). This may prevent VEGFC-mediated signaling and may lead to the inhibition of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation. The inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and ly… |
Anti-VEGFR2 Monoclonal Antibody MSB0254 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2; VEGFR2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody MSB0254 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation o… |
Anti-VEGFR2-CAR Retroviral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous human CD8-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant retroviral vector encoding a chimeric T cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) scFv (single chain variable fragment), linked to the transmembrane domain of human CD8alpha and coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains of both CD28 and 4-1BB (CD137), and the CD3 zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunosti… |
Anti-VEGFR3 Monoclonal Antibody IMC-3C5 |
A fully-human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3; Flt-4) with antiangiogenic activity. Anti-VEGFR-3 monoclonal antibody IMC-3C5 specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-3, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-3 plays a critical role in the embryonic vascular system development but is restricted postnatally to endothelial cells of lymphatic vessels and found to be expre… |
Antiviral Agent TGN-S11 |
A small molecule agent, with potential antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, antiviral agent TGN-S11 may exert its activity by as of yet not elucidated mechanisms of action. |
Anti-VISTA Monoclonal Antibody HMBD-002 |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immune checkpoint regulatory protein V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VISTA monoclonal antibody HMBD-002 targets and binds to VISTA on monocytes and T-cells. This inhibits VISTA-mediated signaling, decreases the presence of monocytic myeloid-derive… |
Anti-VISTA Monoclonal Antibody KVA12123 |
An engineered, human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immune checkpoint regulatory protein V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VISTA monoclonal antibody KVA12123 targets and binds to VISTA on myeloid cells and T-cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This inhibits VISTA-mediated s… |
Anti-VISTA Monoclonal Antibody W0180 |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immune checkpoint regulatory protein V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-VISTA monoclonal antibody W0180 targets and binds to the extracellular domain of VISTA on myeloid cells and T-cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This inhibits … |
Anti-Wolbachia Agent AWZ1066S |
An orally bioavailable synthetic compond that is active against the bacterium Wolbachia and that can potentially be used to treat diseases caused by namatodes of the family Filariodidea, such as lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Upon oral administration, the anti-Wolbachia agent AWZ1066S specifically kills Wolbachia through an as of yet not fully identified mechanism of action (MoA). In filarial nematodes-infected humans, adult worms need Wolbachia in order to grow, reproduce, and surv… |
Antrodia cinnamomea Supplement |
A dietary supplement containing extract from the medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea with potential antiangiogenic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. The components in Antrodia cinnamomea supplement are rather complex, however, rich in triterpenoids, polysaccharides, nucleosides (adenosine) nucleic acids, superoxide dismutase, other small molecular weight proteins and steroid like compounds. Neutral sugars in this supplement show inhibitory activity on endothelial tube formation, … |
Antroquinonol Capsule |
An orally available capsule containing antroquinonol, a farnesylated quinone derivative isolated from the mycelium of Antrodia camphorata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, antroquinonol binds to and inhibits protein prenylation mediated by the enzymes farnesyltransferase (FTase) and geranylgeranyltransferase 1 (GGTase-1). This prevents both post-translational prenylation and signaling activity of a number of Ras superfamily proteins, such as Ras and Rho. This … |
Anvatabart Opadotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of anvatabart, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) site-specifically conjugated at two engineered residues of para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF) via a stable oxime linker to the monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) analog and potent microtubule inhibitor opadotin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anvatabart opadotin, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. U… |
Anzurstobart |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, anzurstobart targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibiti… |
Apalutamide |
A small molecule and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Apalutamide binds to AR in target tissues thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes. This ultimately inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation and may lead to an inhibition of cell grow… |
Apatorsen |
A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) with potential antitumor and chemosensitizing activities. Apatorsen suppresses tumor cell expression of Hsp27, which may induce tumor cell apoptosis and enhance tumor cell sensitivity to cytotoxic agents. Hsp27, a chaperone belonging to the small heat shock protein (sHsp) group of proteins, is a cytoprotective protein that supports cell survival under conditions of stress; it has been found to be over-expres… |
Apaziquone |
An indolequinone bioreductive prodrug and analog of mitomycin C with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitization activities. Apaziquone is converted to active metabolites in hypoxic cells by intracellular reductases, which are present in greater amounts in hypoxic tumor cells. The active metabolites alkylate DNA, resulting in apoptotic cell death. This agent displays selectivity activity towards both hypoxic solid tumors, which exhibits higher expression of cytochrome P450 reductase, and … |
APC8015F |
A cell-based vaccine composed of previously frozen autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP. |
APE1/Ref-1 Redox Inhibitor APX3330 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/reduction-oxidation (redox) effector factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1; APEX1), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the APE1/Ref-1 Inhibitor APX3330 selectively targets and binds to APE1/Ref-1. This inhibits the redox-dependent signaling activity of APE1/Ref-1, by preventing the reduction and activation of numerous APE1/Ref-1-dependent oncogenic transcription factors (TFs), such as nucle… |
Aphidicoline Glycinate |
A tetracyclic diterpene antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cephalosporium aphidicola and other fungal species with potential antineoplastic activity. Aphidicoline glycinate blocks the cell cycle at early S-phase by specifically inhibiting DNA polymerases in eukaryotic cells, induces apoptosis, and stops the growth of eukaryotic cells and certain viruses by selectively inhibiting DNA polymerase II or viral-induced DNA polymerases. (NCI04) |
Apilimod Dimesylate Capsule |
A capsule containing the dimesylate salt form of apilimod, an inhibitor of the class III PI kinase phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration of apilimod dimesylate capsule, apilimod selectively binds to and inhibits PIKfyve. The inhibition leads to disruption of PIKfyve-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in PIKfyve-overexpressing tumor cells. Also, PI… |
APIM-containing Peptide ATX-101 |
A cell-penetrating peptide comprised of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-interacting motif AlkB homologue 2 PCNA interacting motif (APIM) and cell penetration and nuclear localization domains, with potential chemo-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, APIM-containing peptide ATX-101 penetrates cells and targets and disrupts the interactions between PCNA and other APIM-containing proteins. This may result in the downregulation of oncogenic signaling pathw… |
Apitolisib |
An orally available agent targeting phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Apitolisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine… |
Aplitabart |
A recombinant agonistic pentameric immunoglobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aplitabart, containing ten binding sites specific for DR5, specifically targets and binds to DR5, which mimics the interaction of DR5 with its natural ligand TRAIL. This cross-links … |
Apolizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against 1D10, a polymorphic determinant on the HLA-DR beta chain that is expressed on normal and neoplastic B cells. Apolizumab induces complement-mediated cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and apoptosis of 1D10 antigen-positive B cells in vitro. (NCI04) |
Apomab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor 5 (DR5; TRAIL-R2; TNFRSF10B) with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand), apomab binds to DR5, which may directly activate the extrinsic apoptosis pathway and indirectly induce the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in tumor cells. DR5 is a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily and is expressed in a broad … |
Apomine |
A 1,1-bisphosphonate ester with potential antineoplastic and hypocholesterolemic activities. Apomine binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix where it inhibits enzymatic activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is required for the formation of mevalonate, the precursor of cholesterol. Consequently, shortage of mevalonate impedes the synthesis of downstream isoprenoids that are essential for protein prenylation. This leads to the loss of activity … |
Apoptosis Inducer BZL101 |
An orally active aqueous extract derived from the plant Scutellaria barbata with potential antineoplastic activity. Sparing normal cells, apoptosis inducer BZL101 specifically facilitates translocation of the protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondrial membrane into the nucleus in tumor cells, thereby causing tumor cell-specific chromatin condensation and DNA degradation followed by the induction of caspase-independent apoptosis. AIF is both a mitochondrial intermembrane fl… |
Apoptosis Inducer GCS-100 |
A galectin-binding polysaccharide derived from citrus pectin with potential antineoplastic activity. Apoptosis inducer GCS-100 binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of the lectin galectin-3, which may result in apoptosis mediated through mitochondria/caspase activation cascades; this agent may overcome tumor growth mediated through anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, heat-shock protein 27 (Hsp27), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB). Galectin-3, a chimeric molecule consisting of both carbohydrate… |
Apoptosis Inducer MPC-2130 |
A broad-acting, apoptosis-inducing, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, apoptosis inducer MPC-2130 exhibits proapoptotic activities in tumor cells, including membrane phosphatidylserine externalization, release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, caspase activation, cell condensation, and DNA fragmentation. In addition, because this agent is not a substrate for several types of multidrug resistance (MDR) … |
Apoptotic Autologous Tumor Cells-pulsed Alpha-type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cells |
A cell based cancer vaccine composed of mature polarized dendritic cells (DCs) and pulsed with apoptotic autologous tumor cells that has potential immunostimulating and antineoplatic activities. Dendritic cells (DCs) were treated with interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon-alpha (IFN-a), IFN-gamma and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (p-I:C) to produce mature alpha type-1 polarized DCs (alphaDC1) that are capable of producing high levels of interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70). The… |
Apricoxib |
An orally bioavailable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Apricoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby inhibiting the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Apricoxib-mediated inhibition of COX-2 may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent crucial regulators of cellular proliferation an… |
Aprinocarsen |
A synthetic phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide. As an antisense molecule, aprinocarsen hybridizes to the 3-untranslated region of the human protein kinase C (PKC-alpha) mRNA, thereby inhibiting PKC-alpha expression and growth of PKC-alpha-dependent tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Aprutumab |
An antibody against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aprutumab binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which may result in the inhibition of both FGFR2 phosphorylation and FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of cell death of FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is essent… |
Aprutumab Ixadotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) and conjugated to an as of yet unidentified toxin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aprutumab ixadotin binds to FGFR2. Upon binding, the toxin selectively induces cell death, through an as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action, in FGFR2-expressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an essential r… |
AR Antagonist BMS-641988 |
An androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-androgenic activities. BMS-641988 binds to the androgen receptor in target tissues, thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This may inhibit androgen-dependent gene expression, subsequently leading to an inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis in AR-expressing cells. |
Arabinoxylan Compound MGN3 |
An arabinoxylane polysaccharide composed of the hemicellulose-Beta extract of rice bran, treated with enzymes from Shiitake mushrooms, that exerts antitumor and antiviral activity by increasing the level of natural killer cells activation. (NCI) |
Aranose |
A nitrosourea derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aranose alkylates and crosslinks DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. |
ARC Fusion Protein SL-279252 |
An agonist redirected checkpoint (ARC) fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains of human programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 ligand; OX40L; CD252), linked by a central Fc domain (PD1-Fc-OX40L), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, ARC fusion protein SL-279252 simultaneously binds to both tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFR… |
Archexin |
A 20-mer antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) against the proto-oncogene Akt with potential antineoplastic activity. Akt-1 antisense oligonucleotide RX-0201 binds to Akt-1 mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript; suppression of Akt-1 expression may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Akt-1. Akt-1 is a serine-threonine protein kinase that stimulates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells. |
Arcitumomab |
A murine IgG monoclonal Fab’ fragment antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. For tumors that overexpress CEA, technetium-99m labeled arcitumomab may be used as an adjunct diagnostic imaging tool to obtain prognostic information following resection and to monitor for recurrent disease. (NCI04) |
Arfolitixorin |
The R-isomer of folitixorin, a reduced folate-based biomodulator and active metabolite of folate drugs leucovorin (LV) and levoleucovorin (l-LV) that can be used to increase the efficacy of certain antimetabolites, such as the cytotoxic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and reduce as well as protect against certain antimetabolite-associated adverse effects, such as those seen with high-dose (HD) methotrexate. Upon administration of arfolitixorin, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) is a reduced … |
ARG1/ARG2 Inhibitor OATD-02 |
An orally bioavailable boronic acid derivative and inhibitor of arginase 1 (ARG1) and 2 (ARG2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ARG1/ARG2 inhibitor OATD-02 selectively inhibits ARG1 and ARG2, thereby preventing the breakdown of arginine by arginase and restoring arginine levels. This allows arginine to stimulate the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which induces the prolifera… |
Arginase-1 Long Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a long peptide, amino acid 169 through 206 (ISAKDIVYIGLRDVDPGEHYILKTLGIKYFSMTEVDRL), obtained from arginase-1, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the arginase-1 long peptide vaccine may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs)-mediated immune response against arginase-1-expressing cells. Arginase-1 is expressed by some cancer cells and by immune inhibitory cells, such as myeloid-de… |
Arginase-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine comprised of arginase-1 peptides, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, the arginase-1 peptide vaccine may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against arginase-1-expressing cells. Arginase-1 is expressed by some cancer cells and by immune inhibitory cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); its expression is associated with poor prognosis. |
Arginine Butyrate |
A compound composed of the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate combined with the amino acid arginine, with potential Epstein-Barr virus thymidine kinase gene (EBV-TK)-inducing activity. Upon administration, arginine butyrate induces the expression of thymidine kinase (TK). This activates a co-administered antiviral, such as ganciclovir, and results in the destruction of EBV-infected cancer cells. In addition, butyrate inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), which results in hyperacetylation o… |
Arlocabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-GPRC5D CAR-T cells BMS-986393 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in GPRC5D-expr… |
Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl Topical Cream |
A proprietary multiherbal topical cream based on Chinese herbal medicine with potential antineoplastic, antiviral, antibacterial and immunostimulatory activities. Arnebia Indigo Jade Pearl topical cream contains 12 ingredients including 9 herbs infused in sesame oil, with an additional three powdered ingredients and beeswax added to the infused oil to create the salve. The purported mechanism(s) of action is unclear due to the complexity of the herbal mixture. |
Arsenic Trioxide |
A small-molecule arsenic compound with antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action of arsenic trioxide is not completely understood. This agent causes damage to or degradation of the promyelocytic leukemia protein/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML/RARa) fusion protein; induces apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells and in many other tumor cell types; promotes cell differentiation and suppresses cell proliferation in many different tumor cell types; and is pro-angiogenic. … |
Arsenic Trioxide Capsule Formulation ORH 2014 |
An orally bioavailable capsule formulation of the inorganic toxic compound arsenic trioxide (As2O3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action (MoA) of As2O3 is not well understood, upon oral administration of ORH 2014, As2O3 appears to bind to DNA, prevent DNA synthesis, and cause DNA fragmentation, which leads to an induction of apoptosis in proliferating cells, including tumor cells. In addition, As2O3 causes damage to and induces degradation of the promyeloc… |
Artemether Sublingual Spray |
A sublingual spray containing artemether, a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, an endoperoxide extracted from the Chinese herb qinghaosu (Artemisia annua or annual wormwood), with antiparasitic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon sublingual application of the spray, artemether exerts its antineoplastic activity through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action. This agent binds to heme molecules inside cells, thereby inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated da… |
Artemisia annua Decaffeinated Coffee |
A decaffeinated coffee formulation containing Artemisia annua, with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Artemisia annua contains specific sesquiterpene lactones, flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic acids, tannins, saponins, polyalkenes, phytosterols, fatty acids and proteins. The antioxidant compounds scavenge free radicals and inhibit cell damage due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). This inhibits oxidative stress and may protect against DNA damage. |
Artemisinin Dimer |
A sesquiterpene lactone peroxide and dimerized plant product derived from Artemisia annua L with anti-malarial, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects. Artemisinin contains an endoperoxide moiety which forms free radicals when it reacts with iron. The resultant carbon-based radical can lead to cellular damage and cell death by reacting with cellular macromolecules such as proteins and membrane lipids. Malaria parasites contain large amounts of heme-iron, a product from the digestion o… |
Artesunate |
A water-soluble, semi-synthetic derivative of the sesquiterpine lactone artemisinin with anti-malarial, anti-schistosomiasis, antiviral, and potential anti-neoplastic activities. Upon hydrolysis of artesunate’s active endoperoxide bridge moiety by liberated heme in parasite-infected red blood cells, reactive oxygen species and carbon-centered radicals form, which have been shown to damage and kill parasitic organisms. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrate that this agent induces DNA brea… |
Arugula Seed Powder |
A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the seeds of the cruciferous vegetable arugula (Eruca sativa), with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Arugula seed powder contains numerous vitamins and minerals, and is rich in phytonutrients, such as sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Although the exact mechanism of action through which arugula seed powder may exert its anti-tumor effect has yet to be fully elucidated, the effects of this powder on cancer ce… |
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Inhibitor IK-175 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AhR inhibitor IK-175 specifically targets and binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, prevents AhR-mediated signaling, and AhR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T-cel… |
Asaley |
An L-leucine derivative of melphalan with antineoplastic activity. Asaley alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Asaretoclax |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, asaretoclax targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Asciminib |
An orally bioavailable, allosteric Bcr-Abl1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asciminib targets and binds to the myristoyl pocket of the Bcr-Abl1 fusion protein at a location that is distinct from the ATP-binding domain, thereby inhibiting the activity of both wild-type Bcr-Abl and certain mutation forms, including the T315I mutation. This binding results in the inhibition of Bcr-Abl1-mediated proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of Philadelphia chr… |
Asciminib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of asciminib, an orally bioavailable, allosteric Bcr-Abl1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asciminib targets and binds to the myristoyl pocket of the Bcr-Abl1 fusion protein at a location that is distinct from the ATP-binding domain, thereby inhibiting the activity of both wild-type Bcr-Abl and certain mutation forms, including the T315I mutation. This binding results in the inhibition of Bcr-Abl1-mediated proliferation … |
Ascrinvacumab |
A fully human, IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against activin-like receptor kinase 1 (ALK-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ascrinvacumab binds to and neutralizes ALK-1. This may disrupt tumor endothelial cell function and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, eventually leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. ALK-1, a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) type I receptor family, is overexpressed on endothelial cells in a variety of tumor cell types and increas… |
Ashwagandha Root Powder Extract |
A dietary supplement containing an extract powder derived from the root of the ashwagandha shrub with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, immunostimulating and anti-angiogenic activities. Ashwagandha root powder extract contains numerous alkaloids, including withanine as the primary alkaloid, and steroidal lactone withanolides. The withanolides in this agent may suppress nuclear factor-kappaB activation and nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated gene expression, potentiating apoptosis and inhibit… |
ASO-STAT6-loaded PTGFRN-expressing Exosomes CDK-004 |
A preparation of engineered cell-derived exosomes loaded with an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 (STAT6) on its surface and expressing high levels of the exosome surface glycoprotein prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN; CD315), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, ASO-STAT6-loaded PTGFRN-expressing exosomes CDK004 preferential… |
ASP4132 |
A molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP4132 affects oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of metabolically-active tumor cells, which reduces both energy production and tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is hyperactivated in tumor cells and plays a key role in the promotion of tumor cell proliferation. |
Aspacytarabine |
A small molecule pro-drug consisting of cytarabine, an antimetabolite analog of cytidine with a modified arabinose sugar moiety, covalently bonded to asparagine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, aspacytarabine targets cancer cells, which often lack asparagine synthetase and are dependent on an external source of amino acids due to their high metabolic rate. Once the prodrug is inside target cells, the cytarabine component is cleaved and competes with cy… |
Asparaginase |
An enzyme isolated from the bacterium Escherichia coli or the bacterium Erwinia carotovora with antileukemic activity. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in leukemic cells, resulting in the depletion of asparagine, inhibition of protein synthesis, cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and apoptosis in susceptible leukemic cell populations. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells; some leukemic cells cannot synthesize this amino acid de novo … |
Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi |
A recombinant form of asparaginase derived from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi, genetically engineered to be produced in Pseudomonas fluorescens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. This depletes cancer cells of asparagine, which blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this ami… |
Aspirin |
An orally administered non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent. Acetylsalicylic acid binds to and acetylates serine residues in cyclooxygenases, resulting in decreased synthesis of prostaglandin, platelet aggregation, and inflammation. This agent exhibits analgesic, antipyretic, and anticoagulant properties. |
Astatine At 211 Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibody OKT10-B10 |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OKT10-B10 labeled with the alpha-emitting radionuclide astatine (At) 211 (211At), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of astatine At 211 anti-CD38 MoAb OKT10-B10, the MoAb moiety targets and binds to CD38-expressing tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation directly to the CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein and tumor-associated anti… |
Astatine At 211 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8-B10 |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MAb) BC8 where the lysine side groups have been conjugated with decaborate (closo-decaborate; B10) and labeled with astatine (At) 211, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Astatine At 211 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8-B10 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expr… |
Astatine At 211 F(ab’)2 MX35 |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of the F(ab’)2 fragment of monoclonal antibody MX35 targeting the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2b (NaPi2b; SLC34A2) labeled with the alpha-emitting radionuclide astatine (At) 211 (211At), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of astatine At 211 F(ab’)2 MX35, the F(ab’)2 MX35 moiety targets and binds to NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation directly to the NaPi2b-expressing tum… |
Astuprotimut-R |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant form of human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) combined with a proprietary adjuvant with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, astuprotimut-R may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 antigen, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) originally discovered in melanoma cells, is expressed by various tumor types. The proprietar… |
Asulacrine |
An amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Asulacrine Isethionate |
The isethionate salt of an amsacrine analogue with antineoplastic properties. Asulacrine inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase ll, thereby blocking DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Asunercept |
A human, soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of the CD95 receptor fused to the Fc-domain of the human IgG antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, asunercept binds to the CD95 ligand (CD95L) and blocks the binding of CD95L to the CD95 receptor. In tumor cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent cell migration and invasive cell growth; in healthy cells, blockage of CD95L-mediated signaling pathways may prevent apopt… |
At 211 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a human-murine chimeric IgG2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 81C6 labeled with an alpha-emitting radionuclide Astatine 211 (At-211), with imaging and radioimmunotherapeutic properties. MoAb 81C6 recognizes the extracellular matrix antigen tenascin (hexabrachion), which is up-regulated in gliomas and other cancers. Using MoAb 81C6 as a carrier for At-211 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin. |
Atamestane |
A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Atamestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04) |
Atamparib |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 7, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,atamparib selectively binds to PARP7 and restores interferon (type 1) signaling. This may lead to the induction of both innate and adaptive immune responses, and the inhibition of tumor growth and proliferation. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and rec… |
Atezolizumab |
A humanized, Fc optimized, monoclonal antibody directed against the protein ligand PD-L1 (programmed cell death-1 ligand 1; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Atezolizumab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1) expressed on activated T-cells, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. In addition, by binding to PD-L1, atezoli… |
Atigotatug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside fucosyl-GM1, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, atigotatug binds to fucosyl-GM1 on cancer cells and may activate both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against the bound tumor cells. This may inhibit the proliferation of GM1-expressing tumor cells. Fucosyl-GM1, a sphingolipid monosialoganglioside and tumor associated antigen (TAA), is over… |
Atiprimod |
An orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic properties. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), blocking the signalling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell… |
Atiprimod Dihydrochloride |
The dihydrochloride salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-angiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. Thi… |
Atiprimod Dimaleate |
The dimaleate salt form of atiprimod, an orally bioavailable small molecule belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic agents with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Atiprimod inhibits the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AKT, blocking the signaling pathways of interleukin-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and downregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1. This re… |
Atirmociclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, atirmociclib selectively inhibits CDK4, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. CDK4, a serine/threonine kinase, is upregulated in many tumor cell types and plays a key r… |
ATM Inhibitor M 3541 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, M 3541 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, M 3541 sensitizes tumor cells to ch… |
ATM Inhibitor SYH2051 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, with potential chemo-and radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATM inhibitor SYH2051 selectively targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces apoptosis in damaged tumor cells, and leads to cell death in ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. SYH205… |
ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD0156 |
An orally bioavailable ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor, with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AZD0156 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD0156 sensitizes tumor cells to che… |
ATM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1390 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD1390 targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death in ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. AZD1390 hypersensitizes tumors to chemo/radiotherapy. In addition, AZD1390 is … |
ATM Kinase Inhibitor WSD-0628 |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase, with potential chemo-and radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATM kinase inhibitor WSD-0628 selectively targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces apoptosis in damaged tumor cells, and leads to cell death in ATM-overexpr… |
ATM Kinase/DNA-PK Inhibitor XRD-0394 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, dual inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATM kinase/DNA-PK inhibitor XRD-0394 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ATM and DNA-PK. This inhibits ATM-mediated signaling, which may prevent DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupt DNA damage repair and induce tumor cell apoptosis. By… |
Atorvastatin Calcium |
The calcium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein … |
Atorvastatin Sodium |
The sodium salt of atorvastatin, a synthetic lipid-lowering agent. Atorvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent increases the number of LDL receptors on hepatic cell surfaces, enhancing the uptake and catabolism of LDL and reducing LDL production and the number of LDL particles, and lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein l… |
ATR Inhibitor ART0380 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor ART0380 selectively targets and inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of … |
ATR Inhibitor ATG-018 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage response (DDR) protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor ATG-018 selectively targets and binds to ATR, and inhibits its activity and ATR-mediated signaling. This blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This results in the inhibition of DNA damage … |
ATR Inhibitor ATRN-119 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage response (DDR) protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor ATRN-119 selectively targets and binds to ATR, and inhibits its activity and ATR-mediated signaling. This blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This results in the inhibition of DNA damage… |
ATR Inhibitor IMP9064 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage response (DDR) protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor IMP9064 selectively targets and binds to ATR, and inhibits its activity and ATR-mediated signaling. This blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This results in the inhibition of DNA damage … |
ATR Inhibitor TQB3015 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the DNA damage response (DDR) protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ATR inhibitor TQB3015 selectively targets and binds to ATR, and inhibits its activity and ATR-mediated signaling. This blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This results in the inhibition… |
Atrasentan Hydrochloride |
The orally available hydrochloride salt of pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ETA) receptor, atrasentan binds selectively to the ETA receptor, which may result in inhibition of endothelin-induced angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. |
Attenuated Chimpanzee Adenovirus 5T4 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant, attenuated, replication-defective simian adenovirus vector (ChAdOx1) encoding the human 5T4 fetal oncoprotein (ChAdOx1.5T4), with potential immuno-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the recombinant attenuated chimpanzee adenovirus 5T4 vaccine, the viral vector expresses 5T4 and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing 5T4, which results in tumor c… |
Attenuated Corynebacterium Parvum |
A heat-inactivated preparation of Corynebacterium parvum with immunoadjuvant properties. Therapeutic Corynebacterium parvum may stimulate host antitumor immune responses when added to cancer vaccines. (NCI04) |
Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes ANZ-100 |
A live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, attenuated Listeria monocytogenes ANZ-100 may accumulate in and infect liver cells where it may activate a potent innate immune response and an adaptive immune response involving the by recruitment and activation of T lymphocytes. This agent may potentiate the immune response to vaccines against various liver neopl… |
Attenuated Live Listeria monocytogenes Encoding KRAS G12D |
An off-the-shelf, plasmid DNA-based cancer vaccine composed of a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) carrying a plasmid vector encoding multiple, not yet disclosed, tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and sequence peptides associated with commonly occurring hotspot mutations, including the aspartic acid substitution for glycine at position 12 (G12D) in KRAS, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ADXS-503… |
Attenuated Measles Virus Encoding SCD Transgene TMV-018 |
A recombinant, attenuated oncolytic measles virus (MV) encoding the prodrug converting enzyme super cytosine deaminase (SCD), that can potentially be used as an antineoplastic adjuvant and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral injection, TMV-018 preferentially enters and transfects tumor cells, and expresses SCD, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the prodrug flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine; 5-FC) into the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Af… |
Atuveciclib |
An inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which is composed of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) and cyclin-T (CycT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, atuveciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of P-TEFb, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of its downstream target, the carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II), and inhibiting the activation of transcriptional elongation by RNA Pol II. This prevents the transc… |
Audencel |
A therapeutic interleukin-12 (IL-12)-expressing dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived DCs loaded with autologous tumor cell lysate and exposed to the microbial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The monocyte-derived immature DCs are loaded with autologous tumor cell lysates and are subsequently exposed to LPS and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Upon administration of audencel, the matur… |
Aumolertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, aumolertinib binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in … |
Auranofin |
An orally available, lipophilic, organogold compound, used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Auranofin interacts with selenocysteine residue within the redox-active domain of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), thereby blocking the activity of TrxR. As a result, this agent induces mitochondrial oxidative stress leading to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, this agent strongly inhibits the JAK1/STAT3 signal transduction… |
Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor JAB-2485 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Aurora A kinase inhibitor JAB-2485 binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing Aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localiz… |
Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase, o… |
Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor LY3295668 Erbumine |
The tert-butylamine salt form of LY3295668, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor LY3295668 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora A kinase. This may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overex… |
Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MK5108 |
An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activity. Aurora A kinase inhibitor MK5108 binds to and inhibits Aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and eventually inhibition of cell division, proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing Aurora A kinase. Aurora… |
Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor VIC-1911 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase aurora A, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, aurora A kinase inhibitor VIC-1911 binds to and inhibits aurora A kinase, which may result in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, inhibition of cell division and the induction of apoptosis in cells overexpressing aurora A kinase. Aurora A kinase localizes to th… |
Aurora A Kinase/Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076 |
An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Aurora A kinase/tyrosine kinase inhibitor ENMD-2076 selectively binds to and inhibits non-specified tyrosine kinases and Aurora kinases (AKs). The inhibition of AKs may result in the inhibition of cell division and proliferation and may induce apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress AKs; antiangiogenic activity is related to the inhibition of angiogenic tyrosine kinases. AKs are seri… |
Aurora B Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-901 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of the serine-threonine kinase Aurora B with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B kinase inhibitor TAK-901 binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress Aurora B. Aurora B is a positive regulator of mitosis that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere; the segregation of sister chromatids to each daughter cell; and the separation of daughter cell… |
Aurora B/C Kinase Inhibitor GSK1070916A |
An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor GSK1070916A binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress the Aurora kinases B and C. Aurora kinases play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis, and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell ty… |
Aurora B/VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor AL8326 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor kinases Aurora B, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), with potential antimitotic, antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Aurora B/VEGFR/FGFR inhibitor AL8326 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Aurora B, FGFR and VEGFR. Inhibition of Aurora B causes disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome s… |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor AMG 900 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases A, B and C with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor AMG 900 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. Aurora kinases are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis and are overexpressed by a wide variety of cancer cell types. |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 811283 |
A small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 811283 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor MLN8054 |
An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora A kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Auora kinase inhibitor MLN8054 binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase A, resulting in disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cell proliferation. Aurora A localizes in mitosis to the spindle poles and to spindle microtubules and is thought to regulate spindle as… |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor PF-03814735 |
An aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03814735 binds to and inhibits aurora kinases, serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of aurora kinases may result in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress aurora kinases. |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor SNS-314 |
A synthetic small molecule Aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor SNS-314 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which may result in the inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. AKs are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. |
Aurora Kinase Inhibitor TTP607 |
A small-molecule pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase inhibitor TTP607 selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may result in the disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, disruption of chromosome segregation, and inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinases A, B and C, are serine/threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic check… |
Aurora Kinase/VEGFR2 Inhibitor CYC116 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Aurora kinase/VEGFR 2 inhibitor CYC116 inhibits Aurora kinases A and B and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), resulting in disruption of the cell cycle, rapid cell death, and the inhibition of angiogenesis. Aurora kinases are serine/threonine protein kinases that are only expressed in actively dividing cells and are critical in division or mitosis. VEGFR2 is a receptor tyrosine kina… |
Autogene Cevumeran |
An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting an unspecified amount of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed in the patient’s cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autogene cevumeran is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed protein is presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an induction of… |
Autologous 19-28z/IL-18 CAR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (19-28z), and expressing the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18), with potential immu… |
Autologous 4-1BB Selected Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) expressing the co-stimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB (CD137), with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient’s tumor and those expressing 4-1BB are selected for expansion in vitro. Upon re-infusion into the patient, the 4-1BB-expressing TILs re-infiltrate the tumor to initiate tumor cell lysis. 4-1BB, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, enhances TIL survival and antitumor … |
Autologous Active IL-7 Receptor Co-expressing GD2-specific CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) GD2, and the constitutively active interleukin 7 (IL-7) receptor (C7R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, autologous active IL-7 receptor co-expressing GD2-specific CAR T-cells target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in GD2-expressing tumor cells. C7R triggers IL-7-mediated… |
Autologous ACTR-CD16-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes ACTR707 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified, using proprietary Antibody-Coupled T-cell Receptor (ACTR) technology, to express a chimeric protein containing, at least, the extracellular Fc receptor domain of CD16, normally found on certain immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient with co-administra… |
Autologous Ad-CD154-Transduced CLL B Cells |
An autologous tumor cell vaccine containing chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells transduced with an adenoviral vector carrying chimeric CD154 (ad-CD154) with potential antineoplastic activity. Administration of autologous ad-CD154 transduced CLL B cells may result in increases in the numbers of leukemia-specific CD4+ T cells and high serum-levels of IL-12 and IFN-gamma. Due to ligation of CD154 to CD40 on CLL cells, this agent may induce CLL cells to express the proapoptotic molecule BI… |
Autologous AFP Specific T Cell Receptor Transduced T Cells C-TCR055 |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01 restricted human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 158-166 peptide (FMNKFIYEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the AFP specific TCR transduced T cells recognize and bind to AFP antigen-positive cells, which results in lysis and killing o… |
Autologous ALPG/ALPP-targeted Anti-MSLN CAR-Fas/PTPN2 shRNA-miR-expressing T-lymphocytes AB-1015 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been modified to encode a genetic circuit consisting of a priming receptor that induces the expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) upon binding to the TAAs alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isozymes ALP germ cell type (ALPG; GCAP) or ALP placental type (ALPP; placental ALP; PLAP), and a dual microRNA-adapted short hairpin RNA (shRNA-miR) targeting Fas (FAS; CD95; APO-1; tumo… |
Autologous Alpha-PNE Switchable CAR-T Cells CLBR001 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that has been genetically engineered to express a switchable, alpha-peptide neo-epitope (PNE) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a binding domain that can recognize a 14 aa peptide epitope, or PNE, of an antigen-specific adapter molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous alpha-PNE switchable CAR-T (sCAR-T) cells CLBR001 remain inactivated. Upon administration of an antigen-specific adapte… |
Autologous Alpha-PNE Switchable CAR-T Cells CLBR001 and CD19-specific Adapter Molecule SWI019 |
A combination of CLBR001, a preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that has been genetically engineered to express a switchable, alpha-peptide neo-epitope (PNE) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a binding domain that can recognize a 14 aa peptide epitope, or PNE, of an antigen-specific adapter molecule, and SWI019, a preparation of adapter molecules consisting of an antibody fragment (Fab) targeting CD19 linked to a PNE recognizable by CLBR001, with potential immunomodulating and antineop… |
Autologous AML/Dendritic Cell Fusion Vaccine |
A therapeutic cell-based cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) fused with autologous acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The autologous AML/DC fusion vaccine is generated in vitro by mixing DCs and irradiated AML cells harvested from individual patients, in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), to produce hybrid DC-leukemia fusion cells. Upon re-administration, the autologous AML/DC fusion vaccine may… |
Autologous Anti-ALPP CAR Retroviral Vector-transduced T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T lymphocytes that have been transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting alkaline phosphatase, placental type (ALPP; placental alkaline phosphatase; PLAP), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous anti-ALPP CAR retroviral vector-transduced T cells target and bind to ALPP-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in ALPP-expressing … |
Autologous Anti-B7-H3 CAR Retroviral Vector-transduced T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous anti-B7-H3 CAR retroviral vector-transduced T cells target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, there… |
Autologous Anti-B7-H3 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous anti-B7-H3 CAR T cells target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in B7-H3-ex… |
Autologous Anti-B7-H3 CAR T Cells CAR.B7-H3T |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous anti-B7-H3 CAR T cells CAR.B7-H3T target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity … |
Autologous Anti-B7-H3 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-B7-H3 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. B7-H3, a ty… |
Autologous Anti-B7-H3/CD19 CAR T-cells SCRI-CARB7H3(s)x19 |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes lentivirally transduced to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-B7-H3/CD19 CAR T-cel… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells IM21 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and containing, as of yet undisclosed costimulatory signaling domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells IM21 recognize and induce selective t… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells MCARH125 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells MCARH125 recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a re… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells PHE885 recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a rece… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells spCART-269 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17; CD269), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells spCART-269 recognize and induce selective toxicity against BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, … |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR T-cells UF-KURE-BCMA |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) encoding for a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA CAR T-cells UF-KURE-BCMA specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA,… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-transduced T-cells KITE-585 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused, via an as of yet unknown linker, to the co-stimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic a… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 |
A preparation of autologous CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA CD8+ CAR T-cells Descartes-11 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing t… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA/CS1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting both the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and human CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA/CS1 bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CS1 and induce selective cytotoxicity in… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR Expressing Stem Memory T-cells P-BCMA-101 |
A preparation consisting of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac) containing an undisclosed selection gene and encoding both an unidentified human-derived safety switch and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), which specifically recognizes human B-cell maturation antigen … |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of an approximately equal ratio of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing Memory T-lymphocytes bb21217 |
A preparation of autologous memory T-lymphocytes transduced, ex vivo, with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and a CD3-zeta T-cell activation domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing memory… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells C-CAR088 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the epitome cluster E3 in the extracellular domain (ECD) of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling domain of CD3zeta (C… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-expressing T-cells NXC-201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a retroviral vector encoding for a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-4-1BB-expressing T-cells NXC-201 specif… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143 |
A preparation of ex vivo expanded autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes FCARH143 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor … |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-mRNA-transfected CD8+ T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified via transient mRNA transfection to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-BCMA-… |
Autologous Anti-BCMA-CAR-TCRz/4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes CART-BCMA |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an extracellular human single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to an intracellular tandem signaling domain comprised of the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (C… |
Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR TCR/4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes |
Autologous, genetically engineered T-lymphocytes that have been electroporated with a messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain (IL3RA; CD123) single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR) CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the mRNA-ele… |
Autologous Anti-CD123 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD123 CAR-T cells target and bind to CD123 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in CD123-expressing tumor cells. CD123, the alpha subunit of the IL-3 receptor, reg… |
Autologous Anti-CD147 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous activated T cells that have been engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD147 (Basigin; EMMPRIN; extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer; OX47; 5A11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration back into the patient, the anti-CD147 CAR T-cells target and induce selective cytotoxicity in CD147-expressing tumor cells. CD147, a cell-surface glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin G (Ig… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 AbTCR-expressing T-lymphocytes EB103 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding an antibody-T-cell-receptor (AbTCR) composed of a CD19-binding domain derived from an antibody fragment antigen binding (Fab) region and an effector domain derived from human gamma/delta TCR, and a co-stimulatory molecule composed of a CD19-binding domain derived from a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and a co-stimulatory domain derived from a human co-stimulatory receptor, with potential immunostimul… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells KITE-197 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells KITE-197 specifically recognize and kill tumor cells expressing CD19. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and linked to the co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta; CD28z), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells 19(T2)28z1xx specifically recognize and bind to CD19-exp… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells IM19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-lymphocytes huCART19 |
Autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta) and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR TCR-zeta/4-1BB-transduced T-… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR Vector-transduced T Cells pCAR-19B |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation (CD) 19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR vector-transduced T-cells pCAR-19B specifically recognize and kill CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen ex… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) single chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells CNCT19 target, bi… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD28 T-cells ET019002 target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing B-cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific … |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) single chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells, these cells ta… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, coupled to the costimulatory domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous anti-CD19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells PZ01 target, bind to, and induce s… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-CD8alpha-CD28-CD3zeta T Cells KYV 101 |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-cells that are transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a human single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 and fused to the hinge and transmembrane domains of CD8alpha co-receptor, the cytoplasmic costimulatory domain of human CD28, and the T-cell antigen receptor complex zeta chain (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon transfusion, autologous anti-CD19 CAR… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T lymphocytes bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes CLIC-1901 bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage mal… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes IC19/1563 |
preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes IC19/1563 bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malig… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UF-KURE19 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UF-KURE19 bind to and induce selective toxicity against CD19-expressing tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is a B-cell-specific cell surface ant… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-IL-18-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), and expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-IL-18-expressing T-lymphocytes target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. IL-18 promotes T-cell persistence an… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells CABA-201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, coupled to a costimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-T cells CABA-201 target and bind to CD19-expressing B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing B-cells. CD19, a B-cell-specific cell surface ant… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells GC019F |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR-T cells GC019F target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells, the release of cytotoxic molecules and the induction o… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells SJCAR19 |
A proprietary preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SJCAR19 target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 DASH CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a gamma-retrovirus vector expressing a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 DASH CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a T cell Antigen Coupler (TAC), comprising of a domain that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD 19) and another domain that binds to the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR), anchored in the membrane via the CD4 co-receptor domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD19 TAC-T cells TAC01-CD19 targets and binds to CD19-exp… |
Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor Fusion Construct T-cells TC-110 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a single-domain antibody that recognizes human CD19, fused to the CD3-epsilon T-cell receptor (TCR) subunit which, upon expression is incorporated into the endogenous TCR complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19 TCR fusion construct (TRuC) T-cells TC-110 specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This leads to T-cell activation and … |
Autologous Anti-CD19 T-cell Receptor T cells ET190L1 |
Autologous human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentivirus encoding a proprietary expression construct composed of a T-cell receptor (TCR)-like human antibody, which is synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that are presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansi… |
Autologous Anti-CD19/Anti-CD20-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt+-expressing Tn/mem Cells |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous naive/memory T-cells (Tn/mem), that have been transduced with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector to express a bispecific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19, derived from the anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody FMC63, in tandem with an anti-CD20 scFv, derived from the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Leu16, and fused to the hinge domain of human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4, the transmem… |
Autologous Anti-CD19/Anti-CD79b CAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/anti-CD79b CAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19- and… |
Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific CAR-T Cells IMPT-314 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific CAR-T cells IMPT-314 target and bind to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 … |
Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 Bispecific Nanobody-based CAR-T cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that is nanobody-based and specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific nanobody-based CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressin… |
Autologous Anti-CD19/CD20 CAR-T Cells KITE-363 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19/CD20 CAR-T cells KITE-363 target and bind to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-… |
Autologous Anti-CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells AUTO3 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a bicistronic retroviral vector encoding both an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) fused to OX40 co-stimulatory domain and an anti-CD22 CAR linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), optimized with a novel pentameric spacer derived from the collagen oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upo… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB/CD3zeta-HER2tG-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes SCRI-huCAR19v2 |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 that is fused to the intracellular cytoplasmic domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), and linked to a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2tG), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activiti… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CD4+/CD8+ Central Memory T-lymphocytes JCAR014 |
A defined preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ central memory (CM) autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administ… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified CD8+ central memory (Tcm) and CD4+ autologous T-lymphocytes (1:1) transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) FMC63, fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epiderm… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-CD28tm/4-1BB/CD3zeta-HER2tG-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes SCRI-huCAR19v1 |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a third-generation self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a human-derived immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) hinge-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for CD19 that is fused to a human CD28 transmembrane domain (CD28tm), the intracellular cytoplasmic domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zet… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-IL-15-PD1-expressing Tri-functional T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a tri-functional chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), and an extracellular domain consisting of interleukin 15 (IL-15) and programmed cell death 1 (PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1), linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential antineoplastic ac… |
Autologous Anti-CD19CAR-HER2t/CD22CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express dual chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) consisting of both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 binding domains, fused to an as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory domain, and linked to truncated forms of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2t) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), respectively with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD19CAR-HER… |
Autologous Anti-CD1a CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD1a CAR T cells bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD1a-expressing tumor cells. CD1a, an antigen-presenting glycoprotein, is exclusively expressed in cortical T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and otherwis… |
Autologous Anti-CD1a CAR T Cells OC-1 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD1a CAR T cells OC-1 bind to and induce selective toxicity in CD1a-expressing tumor cells. CD1a, an antigen-presenting glycoprotein, is exclusively expressed in cortical T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia … |
Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR T-cells C-CAR066 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, C-CAR066 specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in B-cell lineage … |
Autologous Anti-CD20 CAR Transduced CD4/CD8 Enriched T-cells MB-CART20.1 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20), and CD4/CD8 enriched, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MB-CART20.1 specifically recognize and kill CD20-expressing tumor cells. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen exp… |
Autologous Anti-CD20CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta T-lymphocytes MB-106 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) and coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domain CD28, the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD20CAR-C… |
Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz-transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 human single chain variable fragment (scFv) and linked to the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD22 CAR-4-1BB-TCRz -transduced T-lymphocytes CART22-65s express an… |
Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-expressing T-cells SCRI-CAR22v2 |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD22, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD22 CAR-expressing T-cells SCRI-CAR22v2 express anti-CD22-CAR on their cell surfaces and bind to the CD22 antigen on tumor cell surfaces leading to lysis of CD22-expressing B-cells. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, tra… |
Autologous Anti-CD22 CAR-T Cells CLIC-2201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD22, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD22 CAR-T cells CLIC-2201 recognize and kill CD22-expressing tumor cells. CD22, a B-lineage-restricted, transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein, is expressed on malignant B-cells. |
Autologous Anti-CD3/Anti-EGFR Bispecific Antibody Armed Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in which T-lymphocytes are coated with a bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and activated ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-CD3/anti-EGFR bispecific antibody armed PBMCs target, bind to and selective… |
Autologous Anti-CD3/Anti-SLAMF7 Bispecific Antibody-armed Activated T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous activated T-lymphocytes that have been coated with a bispecific antibody comprised of an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody heteroconjugated to an anti-signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7 (SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC; CS-1) monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD3/anti-SLAMF7 bispecific antibody-armed activated T-lymphocytes target and bind to both CD3 expressed on T-cells … |
Autologous Anti-CD30 CAR T Cells HSP-CAR30 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD30 antigen, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD30 CAR T cells HSP-CAR30 specifically recognize and bind to CD30-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell surface receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is transiently expre… |
Autologous Anti-CD33 CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3006 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system and include a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33, a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous anti-CD33 CAR-mbIL15-safety switch T-cells PRGN-3006 into the patient, the T-cells t… |
Autologous Anti-CD38 A2 CAR2-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor recognizing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-CD38 A2 CAR2-expressing T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologi… |
Autologous Anti-CD4 CAR T-cells LB1901 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD4, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD4 CAR T-cells LB1901 target and bind to CD4-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD4-expressing tumor cells. CD4 antigen is expressed in CD4-positive T-cel… |
Autologous Anti-CD5 CAR Monocytes MT-101 |
A preparation of autologous monocytes genetically modified with mRNA technology to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for CD5, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD5 CAR monocytes MT-101 specifically recognize and bind to CD5-expressing tumor cells, and expose the immune system to the CD5 glycoprotein. This may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD5-expressing tumor cells. CD5 is a T-cell … |
Autologous Anti-CD5 CAR T-lymphocytes MB-105 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against cluster of differentiation 5 (CD5), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD5 CAR T-lymphocytes MB-105 target and bind to CD5-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective cytotoxicity in CD5-expressing tumor cells. CD5 is a T-cell surface glycoprotein expressed on the surface of normal T-cells and overexp… |
Autologous Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells PA3-17 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous anti-CD7 CAR T-cells PA3-17 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells… |
Autologous Anti-CD7 CAR T-cells SENL101 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous anti-CD7 CAR T-cells SENL101 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cell… |
Autologous Anti-CD7 CAR/28zeta CRISPR-edited T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-caspase 9 (Casp9) to remove the CD7 antigen and genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the CD7 antigen and linked to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta), with potential immunostimulatin… |
Autologous Anti-CD79a/anti-CD20 CAR T-cells bbT369 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a single lentiviral vector (LVV) to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) and the B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain (CD79a), and transfected with an mRNA encoding the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (CBLB)-targeting megaTAL enzyme to edit the CBLB gene, with potential immu… |
Autologous Anti-CD79b CAR-T Cells JV-213 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79b; B-cell-specific glycoprotein B29), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CD79b CAR-T cells JV-213 target and bind to CD79b-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD79b-expr… |
Autologous Anti-CD7-CAR-CD28zeta T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the CD7 antigen and linked to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CD7-CAR-CD28zeta T-cells specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-med… |
Autologous Anti-CDH17 CAR-T Cells CHM-2101 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-17 (CDH17), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the autologous anti-CDH17 CAR-T cells CHM-2101 are reintroduced into the patient and are directed to tumor cells expressing CDH17, which may result in a selective toxicity against, and lys… |
Autologous Anti-CEA CAR/HLA-A*02-gated Inhibitory Receptor/B2M shRNA-expressing T-lymphocytes A2B530 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02-positive donor that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing an activating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEA or CEACAM5), a leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LIR-1)-based inhibitory receptor specific for HLA-A02, and a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting beta-2 microglobulin (B2… |
Autologous Anti-Claudin18.2 CAR T-cells LB1908 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CLDN18.2 CAR T-cells LB1908 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, but i… |
Autologous Anti-CLDN18.2 TAC T-cells TAC01-CLDN18.2 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell Antigen Coupler (TAC), comprised of a domain that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and another domain that binds to the endogenous T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CLDN18.2 TAC T-cells TAC01-CLDN18.2 target and bind to CLDN18.2-expressing tumor c… |
Autologous Anti-CLDN6 CAR-NK Cells |
A preparation of autologous natural killer (NK) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the cell surface protein claudin 6 (CLDN6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CLDN6 CAR-NK cells target and bind to CLDN6 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing CLDN6. CLDN6, a tight-junction protein and embryonic antigen, is expressed on a va… |
Autologous Anti-CLL-1-CAR T-lymphocytes BG1805 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CLL-1-CAR T-lymphocytes BG1805 specifically target and bind to CLL-1-expressing tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in CLL-1-expressing tumor cells. CLL-1… |
Autologous Anti-CLL-1-CAR T-lymphocytes KITE-222 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1; CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-CLL-1-CAR T-lymphocytes KITE-222 specifically target and bind to CLL-1-expressing tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor cells that express the CLL-… |
Autologous Anti-CS1 Hinge-optimized CAR-4-1BB-EGFRt-expressing Memory-enriched T-cells |
A preparation of autologous central memory-enriched T-cells (Tcm) that have been transduced with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of a CS1 (CD2 subset 1; SLAM family member 7; SLAMF7; CD319; CRACC)-specific single chain variable fragment (scFV), fused to the costimulatory signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and a truncated human epidermal growth factor receptor (huEGFRt), with potential antineoplastic activity. U… |
Autologous Anti-CSPG4 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) and the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-CSPG4 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to CSPG4-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CSPG4 is overexpressed on a variety of… |
Autologous Anti-DLL3 CAR-T Cells LB2102 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-DLL3 CAR-T cells LB2102 recognize and induce selective toxicity in DLL3-expressing tumor cells. DLL3, a Notch pathway protein, is overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types. It plays a key r… |
Autologous Anti-EBV CAR T Cells BRG01 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) protein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous anti-EBV CAR T cells BRG01 targets a specific EBV protein expressed on EBV-positive cancer cells and promotes killing of these cancer cells. EBV infection is associated with various cancers and the expression of certain… |
Autologous Anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR 5)-modified T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-EGFR CAR-transduced CXCR 5-modified T-lymphocytes target and bind to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in EGFR-expressing tumor cell… |
Autologous Anti-EGFR/Anti-IL13Ralpha2 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to co-express two chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) epitope 806 and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-EGFR/anti-IL13Ra2 CAR T-cells are directed to, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in EGFR deletion mutation varian… |
Autologous Anti-EGFRvIII 4SCAR-IgT Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-cells that are genetically modified to express immunoglobulins (Igs) that target the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) and are transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting anti-epidermal… |
Autologous Anti-EGFRvIII synNotch Receptor-induced Anti-EphA2/IL-13Ralpha2 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptor targeting epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) that induces the expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2) and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2) upon antigen binding, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion and reintroduction into the patient, autologous ant… |
Autologous Anti-FcRL5 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FcRL5; Fc receptor-homolog 5; FcRH5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, autologous anti-FcRL5 CAR-T cells recognize and kill FcRL5-expressing tumor cells. FcRL5, an immune receptor translocation-associated protein/Fc receptor homolog (IRTA/FcRH) family member and a B-cell lineage marker, is overexpressed in multiple myeloma. |
Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells AMG 553 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the anti-FLT3 CAR T cells AMG 553 target and bind to tumor cells expressing FLT3, which results in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cell killing of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a class III receptor… |
Autologous Anti-FLT3 CAR T Cells TAA05 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-FLT3 CAR T cells TAA05 target and bind to tumor cells expressing FLT3, which results in the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cell killing of FLT3-expressing tumor cells. FLT3, a class III… |
Autologous Anti-FSHR CER-4-1BB/CD3zeta-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric endocrine receptor (CER) targeting the human follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and coupled to the signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3 zeta, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-FSHR CER-4-1BB/CD3zeta-expressing T-lymphocytes target and bind to the FSHR on FSHR-expressing tumor cell surfaces, thereby killing FSHR-expres… |
Autologous Anti-GD2/Anti-PSMA 4SCAR-expressing Bispecific T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a fourth-generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) targeting the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) disialoganglioside (GD2) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-GD2/anti-PSMA 4SCAR-expressing bispecific T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in GD2- and PSMA-expressing tumor … |
Autologous Anti-GD2-CAR-BBz-iCasp9 Retroviral Vector-transduced T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody 14g2a that is specific for the disialoganglioside GD2 and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunomodulating and antineo… |
Autologous Anti-GD2CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-IL-15-expressing Natural Killer T-cells |
A preparation of autologous natural killer T-lymphocytes (NKTs) that have been transduced with a retroviral vector to express both an extracellular domain consisting of interleukin 15 (IL-15) and a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor associated antigen (TAA) GD2, linked to the CD28 and CD3zeta (TCRzeta; CD247) costimulatory signaling domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-GD2CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-IL-15-expressing N… |
Autologous Anti-GFRa4 CAR-TCR-zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor alpha 4 (GFRa4) single chain variable fragment (scFv), coupled to the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (TCR/CD3zeta) and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the au… |
Autologous Anti-glypican-3 CAR-IL-15-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3) and express interleukin-15 (IL-15) and the suicide gene, inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GPC3-CAR-IL-15-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglyc… |
Autologous Anti-gp100:154-162 T-Cell Receptor Gene-Engineered Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a glycoprotein 100 (gp100) epitope-determined T cell receptor (TCR) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. PBLs are isolated from a melanoma patient and pulsed with a viral vector encoding the TCR specific for amino acid residues 154-162 of gp100 (KTWGQYWQV). After expansion ex vivo, the transduced autologous PBLs, expressing this specific TCR, are reintroduced into the patient and bind to melanoma cells expressing th… |
Autologous Anti-gp100:154-162 TCR Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) isolated from a melanoma patient and engineered to encode a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the amino acid 154 through 162 of the melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp100), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous anti-gp100:154-162 TCR TILs may recognize and halt the growth of gp100-expressing melanoma cells. |
Autologous Anti-gp100CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-IL-15-PD1-expressing Tri-functional T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a tri-functional chimeric antigen receptor (TriCAR) comprised of an extracellular domain consisting of an antigen binding domain specific to glycoprotein 100 (gp100) peptides 209-217 complexed with human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2), interleukin 15 (IL-15) and programmed cell death 1 (PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1), which are linked by a transmembrane domain to the intracellular sign… |
Autologous Anti-GPC2-CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-2 (GPC2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-GPC2-CAR T-cells specifically target and bind to GPC2-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC2, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypican family, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types while minimal… |
Autologous Anti-GPC3 CAR T Cells BOXR1030 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2 (GOT2) transgene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-GPC3 CAR T cells BOXR1030 specifically targets and binds to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypica… |
Autologous Anti-GPC3 CAR T-lymphocytes JWAT204 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-GPC3 CAR T-lymphocytes JWAT204 specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypican family, is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types… |
Autologous Anti-GPC3-CAR T-lymphocytes Ori-C101 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3) and a signal activation domain element, Ori, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-GPC3-CAR T-lymphocytes Ori-C101 specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and a member of the glypican … |
Autologous Anti-GPRC5D CAR-T Cells OriCAR-017 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-GPRC5D CAR-T cells OriCAR-017 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in GPRC5D-expr… |
Autologous Anti-GPRC5D-CAR-4-1BB-expressing T-cells MCARH109 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction … |
Autologous Anti-H3.3K27M TCR-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the histone H3.3 containing the amino acid substitution mutation lysine (Lys) 27-to-methionine (H3.3K27M), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-H3.3K27M TCR-expressing T-cells specifically target and bind to H3.3K27M-expressing tumor cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediated lysis of … |
Autologous Anti-HER2 CAR Macrophages CT-0508 |
A preparation of autologous macrophages transduced with the adenoviral vector Ad5f35 to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HER2 CAR Macrophages (CAR-M) CT-0508 specifically recognize and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, resulting in the phagocytosis of HER2-expressing tumor ce… |
Autologous Anti-HER2 CAR Monocytes CT-0525 |
A preparation of autologous monocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HER2 CAR monocytes CT-0525 specifically recognize and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, and expose the immune system to the HER2 antigen. This may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte… |
Autologous Anti-HER2 CAR T-cells CCT303-406 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HER2 CAR T-cells CCT303-406 target and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed… |
Autologous Anti-HER2 CAR-CD28 T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and coupled to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HER2 CAR-CD28 T cells target and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in HER2-exp… |
Autologous Anti-HER2 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HER2 CAR-T cells target and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is overexpressed in a varie… |
Autologous Anti-HER2-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-CD19t+-expressing Tcm-enriched T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous central memory (Tcm) enriched T-cells transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from trastuzumab, with a 4-1BB (CD137) costimulatory domain that is linked to the signaling domain of the T-cell antigen receptor complex zeta chain (CD3-zeta) (BBz), and truncated CD19 (CD19t), with potential imm… |
Autologous Anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140202 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) antibody synthesized by a proprietary phage display platform, targeting the immunogenetic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02 (HLA-A02/AFP), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-HLA-A*02/AFP TCRm-expressing T-cells ET… |
Autologous Anti-HLA-A*0201/AFP CAR T-cells ET1402L1 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human monoclonal antibody specific for an immunogenic human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) epitope, AFP158-166, complexed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01 (HLA-A0201/AFP), fused to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulatin… |
Autologous Anti-HLA-G CAR-T Cells IVS-3001 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immune checkpoint protein human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), with potential immune checkpoint inhibiting, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-HLA-G CAR-T cells IVS-3001 specifically recognize and kill HLA-G-expressing tumor cells. This reverts HLA-G-mediated immune suppres… |
Autologous Anti-HPV-16 E6 T-cell Receptor Gene-engineered Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T cell receptor (TCR) that is specifically directed against the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E6, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-HPV-16 E6 TCR gene-engineered PBLs bind to HPV-16 E6-expressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocy… |
Autologous Anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-cells AIC100 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing the Inserted (I) domain variant of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) which targets intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), and the co-stimulatory signaling domains of CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3zeta, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-ICAM-1-CAR-CD28-4-1B… |
Autologous Anti-IL-1RAP CAR T-cells CCTx-001 |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes that have been transduced to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP; IL-1 receptor 3; IL-1R3) single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the hinge domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), the co-stimulatory signaling domain CD28, the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), with potential immu… |
Autologous Anti-ILT3 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-ILT3 CAR-T cells target and bind to ILT3-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ILT3-expressing … |
Autologous Anti-kappa Light Chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the kappa light chain of immunoglobulin (Ig) and linked to the costimulatory domain of CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-kappa light chain CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes target and bind to the kappa light chain of Ig expressed on tumor cells, resulting in T-cell-mediated… |
Autologous Anti-KK-LC-1 TCR-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-KK-LC-1 TCR-expressing T-cells specifically target and bind to KK-LC-1-expressing tumor cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediated lysis of KK-LC-1-expressing tumor cell… |
Autologous Anti-L1CAM-CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM; L1-CAM; CD171) antigen and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-infusion into the patient, the autologous anti-L1CAM-CAR-EGFRt-expressing T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in L1CAM-expressing tumor cells. L1CAM, a neuronal cel… |
Autologous Anti-LGR5 CAR-T Cells CNA3103 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the cancer stem cell (CSC) marker leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-LGR5 CAR-T cells CNA3103 selectively target, binds to and lyse LGR5-expressing tumor cells. LGR5, a member of the Wnt signaling pathway, is overexpressed on certain cancer cells; it… |
Autologous Anti-LILRB4 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a T-cell-receptor (TCR) complex-based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for two different epitopes of the immune inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B member 4 (LILRB4; ILT3; ILT-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-LILRB4 CAR-T cells target and bind to two d… |
Autologous Anti-MAGE-A1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-204-A0201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1) presented on human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-MAGE-A1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-204-A0201 specifically recognize and bind to MAGE-A1 expressed on tumor cells. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor … |
Autologous Anti-MAGE-A1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-204-C0702 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1) presented on human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C*07:02, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-MAGE-A1 TCR-engineered T-cells TSC-204-C0702 specifically recognize and bind to MAGE-A1 expressed on tumor cells. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of tumor … |
Autologous Anti-MART-1 F5 T-Cell Receptor Gene-Engineered Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a melanoma antigen MART-1 epitope-determined T cell receptor (TCR) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. PBLs are isolated from a melanoma patient and pulsed with a viral vector that encodes the TCR specific for an epitope of MART-1 (F5 TCR). After expansion ex vivo, the transduced autologous PBLs, expressing this specific TCR, are reintroduced into the patient, and bind to melanoma cells expressing the MART-1 antige… |
Autologous Anti-MART-1 F5 TCR Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) isolated from a melanoma patient and engineered to encode a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an epitope of MART-1 (F5 TCR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-MART-1 F5 TCR TILs may recognize and halt the growth of MART-1-expressing melanoma cells. |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin CAR-CD3zeta-4-1-BB-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-mesothelin M5 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the costimulatory domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-mesothe… |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin CAR-IL-7-CCL19-expressing T-lymphocytes TAK-103 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and simultaneously produce interleukin-7 (IL-7) and C-C motif chemokine 19 (CCL19), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-MSLN CAR-T cells TAK-103 specifically target and kill MSL… |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin CAR-T Cells UCLM802 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-MSLN CAR-T cells UCLM802 specifically target and kill MSLN-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell ty… |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin KIR-CAR-transduced T-cells SynKIR-110 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-mesothelin (MSLN) single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the stimulatory KIR 2DS2 (KIR2DS2), and the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing adaptor protein and costimulatory chain DAP12, with potential immunomodulating a… |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin M28z1XXPD1DNR CAR-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) linked to the signaling domains for the co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and CD3 zeta, as well as a PD-1 dominant negative receptor (DNR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-MSLN M28z1XXPD1DNR CAR-expressing T-cells specifically target … |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin T-cell Receptor Fusion Construct/PD-1:CD28 Switch Receptor-expressing T-cells TC-510 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a single-domain antibody that recognizes human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), fused to the N-terminus of the CD3-epsilon T-cell receptor (TCR) subunit which, upon expression is incorporated into the endogenous TCR complex, and a PD-1:CD28 switch receptor composed of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1) f… |
Autologous Anti-mesothelin TCR-expressing T-cells FH-TCR TMSLN |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mesothelin (TMSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-mesothelin TCR-expressing T-cells FH-TCR TMSLN specifically target and bind to mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediated lysis of mesothelin-expressing tumor c… |
Autologous Anti-MG7-CAR T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous, engineered T-lymphocytes that express both a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human gastric carcinoma-associated antigen MG7, and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, the autologous anti-MG7-CAR T-lymphocytes target and attach to cancer cells expressing MG7. This induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of MG7-expressing tumor cells. MG7, a glycosylat… |
Autologous Anti-MSLN CAR/HLA-A*02-gated Inhibitory Receptor/B2M shRNA-expressing T-lymphocytes A2B694 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing an activating chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), a leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LIR-1)-based inhibitory receptor specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02 (HLA-A02), and a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting beta-2 microglobulin (B2M; beta2M), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Up… |
Autologous Anti-MUC1*-CAR-4-1BB-CD3zeta-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a human CD8 alpha leader sequence, a humanized MNC2-single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the extracellular domain of the cleaved form of mucin-1 (MUC-1), known as MUC1*, portions of human CD8 hinge and transmembrane domains, and human 4-1BB and human CD3-zeta costimulatory domains, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the autologou… |
Autologous Anti-Muc1/CD33/CD38/CD56/CD123 Gene-engineered CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with lentiviral vectors expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) specific for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) mucin 1 (Muc1; MUC1), cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33), CD38, CD56 and CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous anti-Muc1/CD33/CD38/CD56/CD123 gene-engineered CAR-T cells are directed to… |
Autologous Anti-MUC16 CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch T-cells PRGN-3005 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to co-express three transgenes using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system and include a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the unshed portion of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), a membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switch, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the autologous anti-MU… |
Autologous Anti-NKG2DL/Anti-CLDN18.2 Bispecific CAR-T Cells KD-496 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a tandem chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) natural-killer group 2, member D ligands (NKG2DLs) and Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-NKG2DL/anti-CLDN18.2 bispecific CAR-T cells KD-496 specifically and simultaneously recognize and induce selective … |
Autologous Anti-NKG2DLs CAR-T Cells LEU011 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting natural-killer group 2, member D ligands (NKG2DLs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous anti-NKG2DLs CAR-T cells LEU011 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing NKG2DLs. Ligands for NKG2D, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), MICB, and members of the … |
Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1 mTCR Retroviral Vector Transduced PBLs |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding both alpha and beta chains of a murine T-cell receptor (mTCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-NY-ESO-1 mTCR retroviral vector transduced PBLs bind to NY-ESO-1 expressed on tumor cells. This may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-med… |
Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR/CD8alpha-expressing T-cells GSK3901961 |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and the CD8alpha co-receptor, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR/CD8alpha-expressing T-cells GSK3901961 recognize and bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This… |
Autologous Anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR/dnTGF-BRII-expressing T-cells GSK3845097 |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and a dominant negative (dn) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor (dnTGF-BRII), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR/dnTGF-BRII-expressing T… |
Autologous Anti-PD-1 Antibody-activated Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) activated by an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) antibody, with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and ex-vivo activated in the presence of anti-PD-1 antibody. Upon infusion of the autologous anti-PD1 antibody-activated TILs back into the patient, the cells specifically target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Anti-PD-L1-armored Anti-CD22 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD22 and carrying a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of a monoclonal antibody targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, the autologous anti-PD-L1-armored ant… |
Autologous Anti-PRAME TCR/CD8alphabeta-expressing T-cells IMA203CD8 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and a CD8alphabeta (CD8ab) co-receptor, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous anti-PRAME TCR/CD8ab-expressing T-cells IMA203CD8 specifically recognize and bind to PRAME expressed on … |
Autologous Anti-PSCA-CAR-4-1BB/TCRzeta-CD19t-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been immunomagnetically depleted of CD14+ myeloid cells and CD25+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs), activated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 beads, and transduced with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector (LV) encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-specific, humanized and affinity matured A11 single chain variable fragment (scFv), a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) Fc spacer lacking the CH2 doma… |
Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR/CD2/dnTGF-BRII/PD-1:CD28 Switch Receptor-expressing T-cells TmPSMA-02 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) and the co-stimulatory domain CD2, a dominant negative (dn) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor (dnTGF-BRII), and a PD-1:CD28 switch receptor composed of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the h… |
Autologous Anti-PSMA CAR-T Cells P-PSMA-101 |
A preparation of autologous T-cells that are enriched to be primarily stem memory T-cells (Tscm) and are transfected by electroporation with a proprietary transposon-based DNA plasmid vector (PiggyBac), encoding both a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) based on a proprietary non-immunoglobulin scaffold molecule Centyrin (CARTyrin), which specifically recognizes the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and a human-derived safety switch that can be activated b… |
Autologous Anti-PSMA Gene-Modified T-Lymphocytes |
Autologous prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) gene-modified T lymphocytes with potential antineoplastic activity. Human autologous T-lymphocytes are isolated and transduced ex vivo with a retrovirus encoding a chimeric immune receptor (CIR) consisting of an antibody fragment against PSMA fused with signaling domains of the T cell. Upon reintroduction into the patient, autologous anti-PSMA gene-modified T-cells bind to PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells, which may result in specific … |
Autologous Anti-ROR1 CAR T-cells LYL797 |
A preparation of genetically and epigenetically reprogrammed autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the autologous anti-ROR1 CAR T-cells LYL797 are reintroduced into the patient and are directed to tumor cells expressing ROR1, which may res… |
Autologous Anti-ROR1 CAR-mbIL15-Safety Switch/Intrinsic PD-1 Blockade T-cells PRGN-3007 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express, using a single non-viral multicistronic transposon plasmid, a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15), a kill switch and an intrinsic programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed cell death-1) checkpoint blockade, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, non-viral gene transfer, and expansion i… |
Autologous Anti-ROR1 CAR-T Cells BMS-986403 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous anti-ROR1 CAR-T cells BMS-986403 are directed to, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing ROR1. ROR1, also … |
Autologous Anti-ROR1 CAR-T Cells ONCT-808 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1; neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor-related 1; NTRKR1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the autologous anti-ROR1 CAR-T cells ONCT-808 are reintroduced into the patient and are directed to tumor cells expressing ROR1… |
Autologous Anti-Siglec-6 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectin 6 (Siglec-6) and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous anti-Siglec-6 CAR-T cells target and bind to Siglec-6-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity… |
Autologous Anti-SLAMF7 CAR-expressing T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) recognizing human SLAM family member 7 (SLAMF7; CD319 CRACC; CS-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous anti-SLAMF7 CAR-expressing T-cells target and induce selective toxicity in SLAMF7-expressing tumor cells. SLAMF7 is a member of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family of transmembrane receptors that… |
Autologous Anti-TIM-3/Anti-CD123 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain; IL3RA) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-TIM-3/anti-CD123 CAR T-cells target and bind … |
Autologous Anti-TM4SF1 CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) and containing a safety/kill switch composed of a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1t; EGFRt HER1t), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous anti-TM4SF1 CAR-T cells specifically recogn… |
Autologous AXL-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-38 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, the CCT301-38 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) technology. Upon … |
Autologous B7-H3/EGFR806/HER2/IL13-zetakine CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells SC-CAR4BRAIN |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express four chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mAb806 epitope, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), and interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous B7-H3/EGFR806/HER2/IL13-zetakine… |
Autologous BAFF-expressing CAR T Cells LMY-920 |
A preparation of autologous cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) -and CD8 positive T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered, using the non-viral transposon system, to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing the B-cell activating factor (BAFF) ligand and targeting BAFF receptor family members, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous BAFF-expressing CAR T cells LMY-920 are directed to, specifically bind to, and induce s… |
Autologous BAFFR-targeting CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFFR; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C; TNFRSF13C; BLyS receptor 3; BR3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous BAFFR-targeting CAR T cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in BAFFR-expressing tumor… |
Autologous B-cell/Monocyte-presenting HER2/neu Antigen Vaccine BVAC-B |
An autologous vaccine composed of the antigen presenting cells (APCs) B-lymphocytes and monocytes presenting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2/neu; HER-2; EGFR2; ErbB2). Upon administration of the autologous B-cell- and monocyte-presenting HER2/neu antigen vaccine BVAC-B, the APCs may stimulate the immune system to mount a HER2/neu-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response as well as a natural killer (NK) cell, and antibody-medi… |
Autologous BCMA/TACI-targeted Trimeric APRIL-based CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to contain a dual-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), which includes a trimeric form of the natural protein a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; TNFSF13), that targets the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI; TNFRSF13B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. … |
Autologous BCMA-4-1BBz-targeted CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain (4-1BBz), with potential immunostimulating and a… |
Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells CC-98633 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T cells CC-98633 specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferat… |
Autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T Cells LCAR-B4822M |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous BCMA-targeted CAR T-cells LCAR-B4822M specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a re… |
Autologous Bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC012F |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express two separate chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) BCMA and CD19 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous bispecific BCMA/CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC012F specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and/or CD19. This induces sel… |
Autologous Bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T Cells GC022 |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express chimeric T-cell receptors (chimeric antigen receptors or CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD22 and fused to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous bispecific CD19/CD22-targeted CAR-T cells GC022 bind to CD19 and CD22 on the surface of, and induce selective toxicity against, tumor c… |
Autologous Bladder Cell Carcinoma RNAs/CD40L RNA Electroporated Autologous Matured Dendritic Cells |
A cell-based preparation in which autologous, mature dendritic cells (DCs) are electroporated with in vitro transcribed (IVT) RNAs encoding for a synthetic form of T-cell protein CD40 ligand (CD40L) and IVT RNA encoding for autologous tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from patient-specific bladder cell carcinoma (BCC) cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon electroporation into autologous DCs, the RNA is translated and processed. BCC-specific antigen… |
Autologous Blinatumomab-expanded T-Cells |
A preparation of autologous, peripheral blood-derived polyclonal activated T-cells that have been expanded and activated ex-vivo using blinatumomab and recombinant human IL2 (rhIL-2) and depleted of contaminating CD19+ tumor cells, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, these blinatumomab-expanded T-cells (BET), composed of functional polyclonal CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and mostly effector and central memory cells, may induce immunological recovery. BET cell expansion lea… |
Autologous Bone Marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive Stem Cells AMR-001 |
A cell-based product containing autologous bone marrow derived CD34 positive and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) positive stem cells with potential antiapoptotic and proangiogenic activities. Upon intracoronary infusion after a myocardial infarction (MI), autologous bone marrow-derived CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells may preserve cardiac muscle cells and prevent apoptosis; thus improving myocardial perfusion. CD34/CXCR4-positive stem cells are naturally mobilized upon cell injury throu… |
Autologous CAR T Cells U87 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CAR T cells U87 specifically targets and binds to tumor cells that express the undisclosed TAA, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous CAR T-Cells RD14-01 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of autologous CAR T-cells RD14-01, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Autologous CAR-engineered Regulatory T-cells SBT777101 |
A preparation of autologous T-regulatory cells (Tregs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting citrullinated proteins, with potential immunmodulating activity. Upon administration, the autologous CAR-engineered regulatory T-cells SBT777101 target and bind to citrullinated proteins and may decrease inflammation and promote immunologic homeostasis. Citrullinated proteins are found in inflamed disease-associated tissues in many autoimmune and in… |
Autologous CAR-T Cells B4T2-001 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous CAR-T cells B4T2-001 target and bind to the TAA-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor cells, the release of cytotoxic molecules and the induction of… |
Autologous CCR4-CD30CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-expressing T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been transduced with the retroviral vector SFG, a Moloney murine leukemia (Mo-MuLV) virus-based vector, encoding human C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4), linked via an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), to a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a single chain single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the CD30 antigen (CAR.CD30) and linked, via the spacer human IgG1 immunoglobulin heavy constant region (hinge-CH2CH3 … |
Autologous CD123-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR123 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp… |
Autologous CD123CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), containing a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to CD3 zeta, the single-chain variable fragment of CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) antigen, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic ac… |
Autologous CD123CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes MB-102 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) and linked to the CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to CD3 zeta, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activit… |
Autologous CD133-Positive BTSC mRNA-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with CD133-positive autologous brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) -derived mRNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, autologous CD133-positive BTSC mRNA-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD133-positive BTSCs from which the autologous tumor mRNA is derived. CD133, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and… |
Autologous CD138-specific CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for syndecan-1 (CD138), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous CD138 CAR-expressing T-cells target and induce selective toxicity in syndecan-1-expressing tumor cells. Syndecan-1, a type 1 transmembrane proteoglycan and tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells and plays a key ro… |
Autologous CD171-specific CAR-CD28 zeta-4-1-BB-EGFRt-expressing T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1-CAM/CD171) antigen, and the co-stimulatory signaling domains CD28, 4-1BB (CD137) and CD3 zeta, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-infusion into the patient, the autologous L1-CAM-specific… |
Autologous CD19 CAR+ EGFRt + CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells |
A preparation of a defined ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv), derived from the CD19-specific murine immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody FMC63, fused to the signaling domain of CD28, the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostim… |
Autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 |
A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with the lentiviral vector pLTG1563 expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous CD19 CAR-expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cells MB-CART19.1 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen … |
Autologous CD19/CD22 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cells CT120 |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of one or more binding domains targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) CD19 and CD22 and fused to one or more co-stimulatory TCR-signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous CD19/CD22 CAR T-cells CT120 bind to CD19 and CD22 on the surface of, and induce selective toxicity … |
Autologous CD19/PD-1 Bispecific CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and a programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1)/CD28 chimera, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous CD19/PD-1 bispecific CAR-T cells target and bind to CD19 and the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death ligand … |
Autologous CD19-28z Chimeric Antigen Receptor-expressing T-lymphocytes |
Genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a replication incompetent retroviral vector expressing a chimeric T cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CAR19-28z), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon int… |
Autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD137/CD27/CD3zeta-iCasp9-expressing T-lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a fourth generation-lentiviral vector to express the 4SCAR19 gene composed of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to the co-stimulatory molecules CD28, 4-1BB (CD137), and CD27, and to the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), and containing the apoptosis-inducible suicide gene human caspase 9 (iCASP9 or iC9), that is linked to… |
Autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tcm-enriched T Cells |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous central memory (Tcm) enriched T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), containing a CD28 signaling domain fused to both CD3 zeta, which targets the CD19 antigen, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-ex… |
Autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tn/mem-enriched T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous lymphocytes comprised of CD62L-positive naïve and memory T-cells (Tn/mem), that are transduced ex vivo with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD19 antigen and containing CD28 and CD3 zeta signaling domains, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolatio… |
Autologous CD19-CD8-CD28-CAR-mbIL15-HER1t T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes, that have been electroporated ex vivo with sleeping beauty (SB)-derived DNA plasmids encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) that is linked to the co-stimulatory molecules T-cell surface glycoproteins CD8 and CD28 and co-expressed with a chimeric membrane-bound fusion protein comprised of interleukin-15 (IL-15) fused to IL-15 receptor (mbIL15) and a safety/kill switc… |
Autologous CD19-CD8-CD28-CD3zeta-CAR-mbIL15-HER1t T Cells |
A preparation of autologous, genetically modified T-lymphocytes, that have been electroporated ex vivo with sleeping beauty (SB)-derived DNA plasmids, expressing a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a mouse single-chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) that is linked to the co-stimulatory molecules T-cell surface glycoproteins CD8 and CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3… |
Autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T Cells GC007F |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of anti-CD19 coupled to as of yet not fully elucidated co-stimulatory molecules, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, autologous CD19-targeted CAR-T cells GC007F target and bind to CD19-expressing neoplastic B-cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response ag… |
Autologous CD20-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR20 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD20 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antine… |
Autologous CD22-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR22 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antine… |
Autologous CD30CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-expressing T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes (ATL) that have been transduced with the retroviral vector SFG, a Moloney murine leukemia (Mo-MuLV) virus-based vector, encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a single chain single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the CD30 antigen (CAR.CD30) and linked, via the spacer human IgG1 immunoglobulin heavy constant region (hinge-CH2CH3 region), to the co-stimulatory domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3… |
Autologous CD34+-enriched HSPCs Transduced with VSV-G Encoding IFN-a2 |
A preparation of autologous CD34+-enriched hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) that are genetically modified with a vesicular stomatitis virus-G (VSV-G) pseudo-typed lentiviral vector encoding for the human cytokine interferon-alpha 2 (IFN-a2) gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The expression of IFN-a2 is tightly controlled by the human angiopoietin receptor Tie2 enhancer/promoter sequence, found in the tumor-infiltrating macrophages Tie2 express… |
Autologous CD38-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR38 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-CD38 single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunostimulating and antineo… |
Autologous CD4+/CD8+ 4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFR806-CAR-EGFRt/4-1BB-CD3zeta-CD19-CAR-HER2tG-expressing CARs T Cells |
A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector that co-expresses two different second generation chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), one composed of a short chain variable fragment (scFv) binding domain derived from depatuxizumab, a human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (MAb806; ABT-806), coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) and the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and linked to a truncated f… |
Autologous CD4+/CD8+ EGFR806 Specific 4-1BB-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing CAR T Cells |
A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a short chain variable fragment (scFv) binding domain derived from depatuxizumab, a human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (MAb806; ABT-806), coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) and the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and linked to a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor re… |
Autologous CD40L-expressing B-CLL Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous, B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells harvested from a patient and transduced with an adenoviral vector encoding the gene for the human CD40 ligand (CD40L; TRAP; CD154), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous CD40L-expressing B-CLL vaccine expresses the co-stimulatory molecule CD40L, which binds to its cognate receptor, CD40, on antigen presenting cells (APC). This i… |
Autologous CD5KO Anti-CD5 CAR 4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes and Autologous CD5KO T-lymphocytes |
A dual-population preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes in which the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD5 is knocked out (CD5KO) and is genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for CD5 and coupled to the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), and autologous CD5KO normal untransduced T-lymphocytes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of autologous CD5KO anti-CD5 CAR 4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes and autologous CD… |
Autologous CD5-specific CAR-28 zeta CAR T-cells |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD5 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous CD5-specific CAR-28 zeta CAR T-cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CD5-expressing tumor cells. The tumor-associa… |
Autologous CD8 Positive PBL Sensitized to Drosophila Cell-Presented Melanoma Peptides |
A preparation of autologous CD8+ (cytotoxic) human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) sensitized to Drosophila cell-presented melanoma peptides, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous CD8+ T-lymphocytes, isolated from a melanoma patient, are exposed in vitro to melanoma peptide-pulsed HLA-A2-expressing Drosophila cells, expanded, and reintroduced into the patient; these tumor-reactive T-cells may stimulate a host immune response against tumor cells express… |
Autologous CD8+ Melanoma Specific T Cells |
Autologous CD8 T-lymphocytes against melanoma-associated antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following leukapheresis and the ex vivo expansion of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, the autologous CD8+ melanoma specific T-cells are re-introduced into the melanoma patient. These cytotoxic T-cells recognize and kill the patient’s own melanoma cells. |
Autologous CD8+ SLC45A2-specific T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD8+ T lymphocytes targeting SLC45A2, a melanoma-associated antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) collection and ex vivo expansion of SLC45A2-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), the autologous CD8+ SLC45A2-specific CTLs are re-infused into the patient, where they target and lyse SLC45A2-expressing tumor cells. While SLC45A2 is expressed by approximately 80% of cutaneous melano… |
Autologous CEA-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
Autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically reactive to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Dendritic cells (DCs) isolated from the patient’s blood are infected with recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing the CEA gene. Exposure of T-lymphocytes to DCs creates CEA-specific CTLs which are expanded. Upon reintroduction of these CTLs into the patient, these cells recognize and kill CEA-expressing … |
Autologous Cervical Cancer-specific Engineered Immune Effector Cells |
A preparation of autologous immune effector cells genetically modified to target a not yet disclosed cervical cancer-specific tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous cervical cancer-specific engineered immune effector (CC-EIE) cells bind to and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Autologous CISH-inactivated TILs |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) where the cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein gene (CISH) has been inactivated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) editing system, containing guide RNA (gRNA) coupled to a recombinant form of the DNA endonuclease Cas9, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the autologous TILs are transfected, e… |
Autologous CLL1-CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A) linked to the CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous CLL1-CAR-CD28-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to CLL1-expressing tumor cells. This induces selective t… |
Autologous CLL1-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two CARs, one specific for the CD33 antigen and one specific for the C-type-lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL1; C-type lectin domain family 12 member A; CLEC12A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD33/CLL1-specific CARs lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T-lymphocytes, expressing both the anti-CD33 CAR and the anti… |
Autologous Clonal Neoantigen T Cells ATL001 |
A preparation of personalized tumor-derived T-lymphocytes composed of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that are reactive to clonal cancer neoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The TILs are removed from the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and re-activated. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the clonal neoantigen T (cNeT) cells recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing the targeted neoantigen, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)… |
Autologous CLTX-targeted CAR T-lymphocytes CHM 1101 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zeta) and coupled to chlorotoxin (CLTX), a 36-amino acid peptide derived from the venom of the deathstalker scorpion, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of autologous CLTX-targeted CAR T-lymphocytes CHM 1101, the CAR-T cells are re-direct… |
Autologous c-Met/PD-L1-specific CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met) and the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion, the autologous c-Met/PD-L1-specific CAR T-cells bind to and induce selective toxicity in c-Met- and PD-L1-expressing tum… |
Autologous CMV-pp65-flLAMP mRNA Loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer cell vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with mRNA encoding the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) as a fusion protein with the full-length lysosome-associated membrane protein (flLAMP), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the autologous CMV-pp65-flLAMP mRNA loaded DC vaccine exposes the immune system to the CMV pp65 peptide, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-l… |
Autologous CMV-pp65-LAMP mRNA Loaded Monocyte Vaccine MT-201-GBM |
A cancer cell vaccine consisting of autologous monocytes loaded with mRNA encoding the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) as a fusion protein with the lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous CMV-pp65-LAMP mRNA loaded monocyte vaccine MT-201-GBM exposes the immune system to the CMV pp65 peptide, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyt… |
Autologous CMV-pp65-shLAMP-1 mRNA Loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer cell vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells pulsed with mRNA encoding the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) as a fusion construct with a short peptide chimeric antigen from lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (shLAMP-1), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon vaccination, the autologous CMV-pp65-shLAMP-1 vaccine exposes the immune system to the CMV pp65 peptide, which may elicit a cyto… |
Autologous Colon Cancer Cell Vaccine |
A personalized, proprietary cancer vaccine composed of sterile, irradiated, non-dividing, live colon cancer cells obtained from an individual after tumor resection, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the autologous colon cancer cell vaccine activates the immune system and elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocytic (CTL) response against the residual colon cancer cells, which results in tumor cell death. This may prevent cancer recurrence. Ac… |
Autologous Colorectal Tumor Antigen-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous DCs pulsed with tumor cell lysates from a colorectal cancer patient containing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous colorectal tumor antigen-pulsed DC vaccine exposes the immune system to colorectal tumor cell antigens, which may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against the colorectal cancer cells. This l… |
Autologous CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Regnase-1/SOCS1 Dual-edited Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes KSQ-004EX |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to inactivate both the endogenous genes suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and Regnase-1, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the autologous CRISPR-Cas9 engineered Regnase-1/SOCS1 dual-edited TILs KSQ-004EX back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, targe… |
Autologous CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes KSQ-001EX |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to inactivate the endogenous gene suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the autologous CRISPR-Cas9 engineered TILs KSQ-001EX back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. SOCS1 serv… |
Autologous CRISPR-edited Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells XYF19 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and electroporated with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) guide RNA to disrupt expression of endogenous hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the autologous CRISPR-edited anti-CD19 CAR … |
Autologous CRISPR-edited Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes GT316 |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) system to eliminate the expression of as of yet not elucidated immunoregulatory targets, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, autologous CRISPR-edited TILs GT316 specifically recognize and kill the… |
Autologous CT7/MAGE-A3/WT1 mRNA-Electroporated Langerhans-Type Dendritic Cells |
An autologous tumor cell vaccine containing CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC)-derived Langerhans-type dendritic cells (LCs) electroporated with mRNA encoding the full-length cancer-testis antigens, CT7 and melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), and the self-differentiation tumor antigen, Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. The autologous CT7/MAGE-A3/WT1 mRNA-electroporated Langerhans-type dendritic cells are prepared by drawing a blood sa… |
Autologous CT-RCC-1 HERV-E-TCR-transduced-HLA-A11-restricted CD8+/CD34t+ T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence specific for CT-RCC-1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and HLA-A11-restricted peptide encoded by human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) type E as well as a truncated CD34 chain (CD34t), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous CT-RCC-1 HERV-E-TCR-transduced-HLA-A11-restricted CD8… |
Autologous Cultured Acute Myeloid Leukemia-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cytotoxic, autologous acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)-reactive T lymphocytes (CTL), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous cultured AML-specific CTLs are prepared using a specific AML-CTL culture method. Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes are taken from an AML patient and the autologous AML blasts are treated with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4), both of which promote ex vivo diffe… |
Autologous CXCR2-modified CD70 CAR T-cells |
A preparation composed of ex-vivo expanded CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) modified patient-derived activated CD70 (CD27 ligand; tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 7; TNFSF7) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (8R-70CAR) T-cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous CXCR2-modified CD70 CAR T-cells, the anti-CD70-CARs on the T-cell surfaces target and bind to the CD70 antigen on tumor cell surfaces. This induces a cytotoxic T… |
Autologous Cytokine-induced Killer Cells |
A proprietary formulation of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) T-lymphocytes, with immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. These CIK cells are generated by ex vivo incubation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes with an undisclosed mixture of compounds to stimulate killer T-cell differentiation; this is followed by expansion of the cells. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous CIK cells are able to target and kill tumor cells. |
Autologous Cytokine-induced Killer Cells/Vaccinia Virus DD-CDSR CRX100 |
A preparation of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells that have been generated ex vivo from killer cells treated with cytokines and infected with the oncolytic vaccinia virus DD-CDSR (vvDD-CDSR; double-deleted vaccinia virus plus CD/SMR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. CIK cells are CD3- and CD56-positive, non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted, natural killer (NK)-like T-lymphocytes. Upon infusion of autologous CIK cells/vvDD-CDSR CRX1… |
Autologous Cytoplasmic Activated PD-1 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), carrying cytoplasmic activated programmed cell death 1 (PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, autologous cytoplasmic activated PD-1 CAR T-cells target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. The cytoplasmic… |
Autologous Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes Exposed to Dendritic Cells loaded with 6B11 Anti-idiotype Minibody |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are exposed, ex vivo, to autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the anti-idiotype minibody 6B11, which mimics the epithelial ovarian tumor-associated antigen (TAA), OC166-9, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CTLs exposed to DCs loaded with 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody target and kill autologous ovarian cells expressing the TAA. |
Autologous Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes Induced with MUC1 Gene-transfected Dendritic Cells |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are collected from the patient with MUC1-positive tumors and are exposed ex vivo to dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with a replication-deficient adenovirus encoding MUC1 to generate MUC1-specific CTLs, which are subsequently expanded in vitro. Upon re-infusion of autologous CT… |
Autologous Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes Induced with MUC1 Peptide-pulsed Dendritic Cells |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are collected from the patient with MUC1-positive tumors and are exposed ex vivo to dendritic cells (DCs) that are pulsed with a MUC1 peptide to generate MUC1-specific CTLs, which are subsequently expanded in vitro. Upon re-infusion of autologous CTLs induced with MUC1 peptide-p… |
Autologous Deep IL-15 Primed T-cells TRQ15-01 |
A preparation of genetically modified, multi-antigen-directed autologous T-lymphocytes, that have particles, consisting of multiple chemically crosslinked human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15)/IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra)/Fc heterodimers, attached to their surface, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. TRQ15-01 is made from monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) that are pulsed with peptides from multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to expand cytotoxic T-lym… |
Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ACT2001 |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, immature dendritic cells (DCs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, immature DCs are isolated and re-administered intra-tumorally. The immature DCs internalize and process the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), migrate to the lymphatic system, and then expose the immune system to the TAAs. This induces a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the cancer cells leading to tumor cel… |
Autologous Dendritic Cell/Myeloma Fusion Vaccine |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) fused with patient-derived plasma cell (multiple) myeloma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous DC/multiple myeloma fusions stimulate both helper and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses through the presentation of internalized and newly synthesized tumor associated antigens (TAAs). This may promote cellular and humoral antitumor immune responses in pat… |
Autologous Dendritic Cell-Adenovirus CCL21 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that have been transduced ex vivo with an adenoviral vector containing the CCL21 gene with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus CCL21 vaccine expresses the chemokine CCL21, which may induce an antitumoral cytotoxic immune response in the tumor microenvironment. CCL21 [chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21] has been shown to attract antigen prese… |
Autologous Dendritic Cell-Adenovirus P53 Vaccine |
An autologous vaccine composed of dendritic cells (DC) that have been transduced with a p53 tumor suppressor gene-modified virus. When the autologous dendritic cell-adenovirus p53 vaccine is administered, the host cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are directed against p53-positive tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death and decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Autologous Dendritic Cell-Allogeneic Melanoma Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysates from heat-treated allogeneic melanoma tumor cells. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-cell and antibody responses to melanoma cells bearing shared melanoma antigens such as MelanA/MART-1, gp100, MAGE3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous Dendritic Cell-Autologous Tumor mRNA-Human CD40L Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells transfected with autologous tumor mRNA and the human CD40 ligand (CD40L) gene with immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Vaccination with autologous dendritic cell-autologous tumor mRNA-human CD40L vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells from which the autologous tumor mRNA was derived. When expressed by dendritic cells, tumor antigens and the co-stimulatory molecule CD40L, which binds to CD40 receptors… |
Autologous Dendritic Cells Pulsed with MART-1 (26-35) Peptide |
A cell-based vaccine consisting of autologous HLA-A2*0201-restricted dendritic cells (DC), which were derived from patient-harvested adherent peripheral blood monocytes cultured in vitro with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), that were pulsed with a peptide fragment comprised of amino acid residues 26 through 35 of melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 (MART-1 (26-35)), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon in… |
Autologous Dendritic Cells Transduced with Wild-type p53 Adenovirus Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a recombinant replication-defective adenoviral (Ad) vector encoding the full-length wild-type (wt) cancer tumor antigen p53 protein (TP53; p53), with potential immunomodulating activity. Intradermal vaccination with the autologous DCs transduced with wt p53 Ad vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells overexpressing wt and mutant forms of p53,… |
Autologous Dendritic Cell-Tumor Fusion Vaccine |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) fused with autologous tumor cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccine is generated in vitro by mixing DCs and irradiated tumor cells harvested from individual patients and treating them with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to produce DC-tumor cell fusion hybrid cells. Upon administration, autologous dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccine may elicit anti… |
Autologous Dinitrophenyl-Modified Ovarian Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous ovarian cancer cell peptide antigens conjugated to the hapten 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administration of autologous dinitrophenyl-modified ovarian cancer vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ovarian cancer cells. DNP conjugation may enhance the immunogenicity of weakly immunogenic antigens. |
Autologous dnTGF-BRII-armored Anti-GPC3 CAR T-cells AZD5851 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3) and the dominant negative (dn) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor 2 (dnTGF-BRII; dnTGFbR2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, autologous dnTGF-BRII-armored anti-GPC3 CAR T-cells AZD5851 are directed to and induce selective toxicity in GPC3-expre… |
Autologous dnTGF-BRII-armored Anti-STEAP2 CAR T-cells AZD0754 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the metalloreductase six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate-2 (STEAP2; STAMP1) and the dominant negative (dn) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor 2 (dnTGF-BRII; dnTGFbR2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, autologous dnTGF-BRII-armored anti-STEAP2 CAR T-… |
Autologous E6 T Cell Receptor Genetically-modified T Cells |
A preparation of human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) that have been genetically engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E6, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the HPV E6 TCR genetically-modified T-cells target and bind to HPV-16 E6-expressing tumor cells, which leads to specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of HPV-16 E6-positive tumor cells. H… |
Autologous EBV-CTL CD19CAR zeta |
Autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the CD19 antigen, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. The CAR consists of a single chain Fv of anti-CD19 IgG1 coupled with an intracellular signaling region of the zeta-chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta). Autologous EBV-CTL CD19CAR zeta directs the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells, stimulating a sel… |
Autologous EBV-Transformed B Lymphoblastoid-Tumor Fusion Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous tumor cells fused with Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Autologous EGFR-specific CAR-T-Cells Expressing Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Antibodies |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been activated and genetically modified to express immune checkpoint antibodies against the negative immunoregulatory receptors human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), and are transduced with a gene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth fact… |
Autologous EGFRt/19-28z/4-1BBL CAR T-Lymphocytes |
Genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a replication incompetent retroviral vector expressing both tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and a chimeric T cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28, the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 c… |
Autologous Engineered TCR-T Cells KSH01 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with a TCR specific for the TAA, and expanded ex-vivo. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous engineered TCR-T cells KSH01 target and bind to tumor cells expressing the TAA, which may induce c… |
Autologous Enhanced NY-ESO-1 TCR Engineered T-cells GSK4427296 |
A preparation of human autologous engineered T-lymphocytes that express an affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1; New York esophageal antigen-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous enhanced NY-ESO-1 TCR engineered T-cells GSK4427296 recognize and bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of NY-ESO-1-pos… |
Autologous Epstein-Barr Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of lymphocytes harvested from a patient with an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive tumor. Ex vivo, the lymphocytes are activated against EBV-specific antigens and then returned to the patient, where they mount a specific immune response against EBV-positive tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Autologous Follicular Lymphoma-Derived Idiotype Vaccine |
A patient-specific cancer vaccine directed against the soluble protein idiotype of an individual follicular lymphoma with potential antineoplastic activity. A patient-specific follicular lymphoma-derived anti-idiotype vaccine may be composed of a patient-specific, synthetic idiotype-related peptide (such as one corresponding to a hypervariable region of an IgG heavy chain) conjugated to the immunostimulant carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Upon administration, this vaccine may … |
Autologous FRa-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-FRa |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-folate receptor alpha (FRa; folate receptor 1; FOLR1) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (CD3zeta; CD3z), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspa… |
Autologous Gamma Delta T-cell Receptor-expressing T-cells TEG002 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a defined gamma delta T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous gamma delta TCR-expressing T-cells TEG002, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocyte… |
Autologous Gamma-retroviral MSGV1 139 scFv EGFRvIII CAR Gene-modified T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with the gamma retroviral vector MSGV1 expressing a chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) from a specific antibody clone (mAb139) that targets a mutant form of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) known as variant III (EGFRvIII; EGFR-vIII), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, the gamma-retroviral MSGV1 139 scFv EGFRvIII CAR gene-modified T-cells … |
Autologous GCC-targeting CAR T Cells GCC19CART |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the enterocyte differentiation antigen guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C) that are activated with CAR T-cells specific for the CD19 antigen, and coupled to as of yet not fully elucidated signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous GCC-targeting CAR T cells GCC19CART are directed to, spec… |
Autologous GCC-targeting CAR T-cells LCAR-G08 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered, using a lentiviral vector, to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the enterocyte differentiation antigen guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous GCC-targeting CAR T-cells LCAR-G08 are directed to, specifically bind to, activate, proliferate and release cytokines that promote killing of GCC-expressing tum… |
Autologous Gene-modified Gamma Delta T-cells |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous gamma delta T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to encode a DNA repair enzyme, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous gene-modified gamma delta T-cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocytes … |
Autologous Gene-modified PD-1-positive T-lymphocytes Sc610 |
A preparation of autologous programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279)-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for an as of yet undisclosed receptor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous gene-modified PD-1-positive T-lymphocytes Sc610 bind to tumor cells expressing the antigen for the as of yet undisclosed receptor, which may result in specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated tumor cell kill… |
Autologous Gene-modified PD-1-positive T-lymphocytes ScTIL210 |
A preparation of autologous programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279)-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding for an as of yet undisclosed receptor, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, autologous gene-modified PD-1-positive T-lymphocytes ScTIL210 may recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells through as of yet not elucidated receptor binding. |
Autologous Glioma Cell Lysate |
A cell lysate derived from glioma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the autologous glioma cell lysate exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of glioma-type tumor associated antigens (TAA), which may result in the induction of both specific anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against the glioma TAA-expressing cells, resulting in glioma cell lysis. |
Autologous GM-CSF-Secreting Breast Cancer Vaccine |
An autologous tumor cell vaccine containing irradiated breast cancer cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous breast cancer cells are transduced ex vivo with an adenovirus vector encoding the GM-CSF gene and irradiated and then reintroduced into the patient. Upon repeated subcutaneous administration of the vaccine, autologous GM-CSF-secreting breast cancer cells secrete GM-CSF, which may stimul… |
Autologous GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Colorectal Cancer Cell Vaccine |
A lethally irradiated, autologous colorectal cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific colorectal cancer cells genetically modified to secrete the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the autologous GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated colorectal cancer cell vaccine releases GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may increase the body’s immune response against tumor cells by promoting the mat… |
Autologous GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Leukemia Cell Vaccine |
An autologous cancer vaccine composed of lethally irradiated leukemia cells that are genetically modified to secrete the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, the autologous GM-CSF-secreting lethally irradiated leukemia cell vaccine secretes GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the immune system to attack tumor cells by enhancing the activation of dendri… |
Autologous GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Lung Cancer Vaccine |
An autologous lung cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific lung cancer cells genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), an immunostimulatory cytokine. GM-CSF modulates the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells with some specificity towards stimulation of leukocyte production and may reverse treatment-induced neutropenias. This agent also promotes antigen presentation, up-regulates antibody-depende… |
Autologous GM-CSF-secreting Lethally Irradiated Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine |
An irradiated, autologous pancreatic cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific pancreatic cancer cells genetically modified to secrete the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, GVAX pancreatic cancer vaccine secretes GM-CSF. In turn, GM-CSF may stimulate the body’s immune system against tumor cells by enhancing the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and promoting antigen presen… |
Autologous GPC3/NY-ESO-1/AFP specific CD8-positive T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that are exposed, ex vivo, to multiple specific hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) antigens, including glypican (GPC)-3, New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the GPC3/NY-ESO-1/AFP-specific CD8-positive T lymphocytes, the T-cells specifically target and lyse cells expressing the targeted HCC neoantigens. |
Autologous HBV-specific TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes SCG101 |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for HLA-A*02-restricted human hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) peptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous HBV-specific TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes SCG101 recognize and bind to HBV antigen-positive cells, which induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of HBV antigen-positive cells, including … |
Autologous HBV-specific TCR-redirected T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a viral vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for a human hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the autologous HBV antigen specific TCR-redirected autologous T-lymphocytes recognize and bind to the HBV antigen-positive cells, which induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of HBV antigen-positive cancer cells. HBV antigens … |
Autologous Heat-Shock Protein 70 Peptide Vaccine AG-858 |
A recombinant cancer vaccine made with tumor-derived heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) peptide complexes. HSP70 associates with antigenic peptides, transporting them into antigen presenting cells (APC) for processing. Tumor-derived HSP70-peptide complexes used in vaccine preparations have been shown to prime tumor immunity and tumor-specific T cells in animal models. (NCI04) |
Autologous HER2-CAR-modified Adenovirus-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
A population of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically reactive to human adenovirus (Ad) that have been transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a second-generation human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2; EGFR2; ErbB2)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of an exodomain based on a anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) from the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody FRP5 that is linked to the costimulatory domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of… |
Autologous HER2-specific/EGFRt-expressing CD4/CD8-positive CAR T-cells |
A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2; EGFR2; ErbB2)-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) coupled to a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the autologous HER2-specific/EGFRt-expressing CD4/CD8-positive CAR T-cells are directed to and induce se… |
Autologous HER2-targeted Dual-switch CAR-T Cells BPX-603 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; HER-2) and a dual-switch composed of chemical inducer of dimerization (CID)-inducible co-activation domain MyD88/CD40 (inducible MC; iMC), in which both the MyD88 and CD40 lack their extracellular domains, and an inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9) safety switch (CaspaCIDe), consisting of the CID-binding domain coupled to the signaling domain of casp… |
Autologous HLA-A*11:01 KRASG12V-specific TCR-expressing CD8- and CD4-positive T-lymphocytes AFNT-211 |
A preparation of autologous HLA class I histocompatibility antigen A11:01 (HLA-A1101)-positive CD8- and CD4-positive T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a HLA-A11:01-restricted T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes the glycine to valine point mutation at position 12 (G12V) variant of Kirsten rat sarcoma (K-RAS; KRAS), and enhanced with the wildtype CD8alpha/beta (CD8a/b) coreceptor, and a FAS-41BB switch receptor, and subsequently expanded ex vivo, wi… |
Autologous HNSCC DNA-transfected Semi-allogeneic Fibroblasts MRC-5 Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of lethally irradiated human fetal lung fibroblasts (Medical Research Council 5 or MRC-5) transfected with autologous tumor DNA derived from a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the autologous HNSCC DNA-transfected semi-allogeneic fibroblasts MRC-5 vaccine expresses HNSCC tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T… |
Autologous HPV E6/E7-targeting T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are specifically reactive towards the human papillomavirus (HPV) viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following leukapheresis and ex vivo priming and expansion, the autologous HPV E6/E7-targeting T-cells are re-introduced into the patient, where they target and kill tumor cells expressing these HPV tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). HPV E6 and E7 are overexpressed on certain tumor cell types … |
Autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes KITE-439 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01-restricted human papillomavirus type 16 isoform E7 protein (HPV16 E7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A02:01-restricted T-lymphocytes KITE-439 target and bind HPV16 E7-expressing tumor cells. This … |
Autologous HPV-16/18 E6/E7-specific TGF-beta-resistant T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-resistant cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) reactive to human papilloma virus (HPV) types 16 and 18 E6/E7 antigens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous T-lymphocytes from a HPV-positive cancer patient are exposed to and stimulated with dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the HPV-16/18 proteins E6 and E7. In turn, the HPV-16/18 E6/E7-specific T-lymphocytes are transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a domina… |
Autologous HPV16/HPV18/Survivin-specific CD8+ T-cells NEXI-003 |
A preparation of autologous CD3+ CD4- CD8+ T-cells targeting multiple human papilloma virus (HPV) tumor-associated antigens, including HPV types 16 and 18 antigens and survivin, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following leukapheresis and ex vivo priming and expansion, the autologous HPV16/HPV18/survivin-specific CD8+ T-cells NEXI-003 are re-introduced into the patient, where they target and kill tumor cells expressing these HPV tumor-associated antigens. |
Autologous HPV-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A population of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are specifically reactive to human papillomavirus (HPV), with potential antiviral and antineoplastic activities activities. Upon infusion of the autologous HPV-specific CTLs, these CTLs induce selective toxicity in HPV-positive cancer cells and other HPV-infected cells. HPV is associated with various cancer cell types. |
Autologous iC9-deltaNGFR-CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a retroviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) hinge and a CD8alpha transmembrane domain, linked to the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137) and the cytoplasmic portion of the zeta chain of the human T-cell receptor (CD3zeta), containing the apoptosis-inducible suicide gene human caspase 9 (iCASP9… |
Autologous iC9-GD2CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-IL-15-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with the retroviral vector SFG, a Moloney murine leukemia (Mo-MuLV) virus-based vector, expressing both an extracellular domain consisting of interleukin 15 (IL-15) and a GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) derived from the monoclonal antibody 14G2a, linked to the CD28 and CD3zeta (TCRzeta; CD247) costimulatory signaling domains and containing the suicide gene, inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immu… |
Autologous iC9-GD2-CAR-expressing VZV-specific T Lymphocytes |
Genetically modified, autologous varicella zoster virus (VZV)-specific T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the disialoganglioside GD2, which contains the signaling domains for the co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and CD134 (OX-40), and the suicide gene, inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, iC9-GD2-CD28-OX40-expressing T lymphocytes … |
Autologous iCASP9-CD19-expressing T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and the inducible suicide gene human caspase 9 (iCASP9 or iC9), that is linked to a drug binding domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The iCASP9 construct consists of the entire coding sequence for the human FK506-drug binding protein (FKBP12) with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F36V) … |
Autologous iCasp9-deltaNGFR-CD19CAR-expressing T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD19 antigen, the suicide gene, inducible human caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), and a truncated low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (deltaNGFR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The iCasp9 construct consists of the entire coding sequence for the human FK506-drug binding protein (FKBP12) with an F36V mutation (FKBP12-F… |
Autologous IL-12/Multi-targeted Primed T-cells RPTR 168 |
A preparation of genetically modified, multi-antigen-targeted autologous T-lymphocytes, tethered with the human immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. RPTR 168 is prepared from monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) that are pulsed with five tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to expand cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that are subsequently loaded with IL-12. Upon administration, the autologous IL-12/multi-targeted prime… |
Autologous IL-15/IL-21-armored Anti-glypican-3 CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3), interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-21 (IL-21), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous IL-15/IL-21-armored anti-GPC3 CAR T-cells specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glyp… |
Autologous IL-15-expanded HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells |
A preparation of autologous, interleukin-15 (IL-15)-expanded, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2)-specific, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)-positive T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells are expanded ex vivo with IL-15. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous IL-15-expanded HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells recognize and stimulate a T-cell-mediated immune response against HER2-exp… |
Autologous IL-21-Modulated CD8+ MART1-Specific T Cells |
A preparation of interleukin 21 (IL-21) stimulated, CD8+ T-lymphocytes sensitized to MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells) antigen with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. CD8+ T-lymphocytes are exposed ex vivo to autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with MART-1 antigen peptide and grown in the presence of IL-21. These tumor-reactive T-cells may stimulate a host immune response against tumor cells expressing the MART-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis… |
Autologous IL-2-expressing B-CLL Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous, B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells harvested from a patient and transduced ex vivo with an adenoviral vector encoding the gene for the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous IL-2-expressing B-CLL vaccine expresses IL-2, stimulates natural killer (NK) cells, and may enhance the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response again… |
Autologous IL-7/CCL19-expressing Anti-GM2 CAR T Cells NIB-101 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) ganglioside GM2 (GM2) and producing the immune regulators interleukin-7 (IL-7) and C-C motif chemokine 19 (CCL19) using PRIME (proliferation-inducing and migration-enhancing) technology, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous IL-7/CCL19-expressing anti-GM2 CAR T-cells NIB… |
Autologous IL-7-expanded HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells |
A preparation of autologous, interleukin-7 (IL-7)-expanded, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2)-specific, cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)-positive T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells are expanded ex vivo with IL-7. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous IL-7-expanded HER2-specific CD4+ T-cells recognize and stimulate a T-cell-mediated immune response against HER2-express… |
Autologous IL-7-expressing TILs ADP-TILIL7 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) engineered to express the cytokine interleukin-7 (IL-7), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and transduced with a lentiviral vector to express IL-7. Upon infusion of the autologous IL-7-expressing TILs ADP-TILIL7 back into the patient, the TILs specifically recognize, target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. IL-7 is a cytokine that promotes the … |
Autologous IL-7Ra-expressing Tris-CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and lentivirally transduced to express a dual-target chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and a truncated form of the cytokine receptor interleukin-7 (IL-7) receptor alpha (IL-7Ra), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous IL-7Ra-expressing Tris-CAR T-cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing the targets, thereby inducing selective toxicity in these tumor cells… |
Autologous Immunoglobulin Idiotype-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine composed of tumor-specific idiotype determinants derived from an individual’s tumor cells which are conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin, an immunostimulant carrier protein. When injected into the individual from whom the tumor cells were isolated, this vaccine may stimulate an antitumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocytic immune response. (NCI04) |
Autologous Interferon-producing Killer Dendritic Cells |
A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DC) with a molecular expression profile similar to both natural killer (NK) cells and DCs, with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous interferon-producing killer dendritic cells (IKDCs) are characterized by double-negative expression of CD3 and CD19; these cells also express low levels of CD11 and are positive for B220. They are distinguished from plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) by the absence of lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly6C, Gr-1) expression. IKDCs… |
Autologous Interleukin-15-armored Anti-glypican-3 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for glypican-3 (GPC3) and express interleukin-15 (IL-15) and the suicide gene, inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous IL-15-armored anti-GPC3 CAR-iC9-expressing T-lymphocytes specifically target and bind to GPC3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. GPC3, a heparan… |
Autologous KRAS G12D Mutant-specific HLA-C08:02-/KRAS G12D Mutant-specific HLA-A11:01-/KRAS G12V Mutant-specific HLA-C01:02-/TP53 R175H Mutant-specific HLA-A02:01-restricted TCR Genes Engineered T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C08:02-restricted oncogenic K-RAS (KRAS) substitution mutation G12D, a TCR specific for the HLA-A11:01-restricted KRAS G12D, a TCR specific for the HLA-C01:02-restricted KRAS G12V, and a TCR specific for the HLA-A02:01-restricted oncogenic TP53 (p53) substitution mutation R175H, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolatio… |
Autologous KRAS G12D-specific HLA-C*08:02-restricted TCR Gene Engineered T-lymphocytes NT-112 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C08:02-restricted oncogenic K-RAS (KRAS) substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous KRAS G12D-specific HLA-C08:02-restricted TCR gene engineered T-lymphocytes NT-112 target and bind to KRAS G12D-expressing tum… |
Autologous KRAS Mutant-specific TCRs Gene Engineered PBLs |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) that have been genetically modified to express T-cell receptors (TCRs) specific for K-RAS (KRAS) mutations, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous KRAS mutant-specific TCRs gene engineered PBLs target and bind to KRAS mutants-expressing tumor cells, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killi… |
Autologous LMP1-/LMP2- Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous dendritic cells and EBV-infected lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) from patients with EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are transduced with an LMP1/LMP2-expressing adenoviral vector, are irradiated, and then are used to stimulate and expand autologous CTL to produce autologous LMP1-/LMP2-specifi… |
Autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA… |
Autologous Lymphoid Effector Cells Specific Against Tumor Cells |
A preparation of cytotoxic, autologous lymphoid effector cells specifically targeted towards tumor cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous lymphoid effector cells are prepared by drawing a blood sample containing the required precursors for CD4+ helper T-cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, and natural killer (NK) cells from a cancer patient. The precursor cells are activated, selected and expanded to generate mature autologous lymphoid effector cells wi… |
Autologous Lymphoma Cell Lysate-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysate from autologous lymphoma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intranodal administration, autologous lymphoma cell lysate-pulsed autologous DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against lymphoma cells, which may result in lymphoma cell lysis. |
Autologous Lymphoma Cell/Allogeneic Dendritic Cell Electrofusion Hybrid Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine consisting of hybrid cells created by electrofusing allogeneic dendritic cells (DCs) and autologous lymphoma cells with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, autologous lymphoma cell/allogeneic dendritic cell electrofusion hybrid vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against specific autologous lymphoma-associated antigens, resulting in lymphoma cell apoptosis. |
Autologous Lymphoma Cell/Autologous Dendritic Cell Electrofusion Hybrid Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine consisting of hybrid cells created by electrofusing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) and autologous lymphoma cells with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, autologous lymphoma cell/autologous dendritic cell electrofusion hybrid vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against specific autologous lymphoma-associated antigens, resulting in lymphoma cell apoptosis. |
Autologous Lymphoma Immunoglobulin-derived scFv-chemokine DNA Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding an autologous lymphoma-derived idiotype-targeting immunoglobulin (Ig)-derived single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha (MIP3a), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular vaccination, the autologous lymphoma immunoglobulin-derived scFv-chemokine DNA vaccine is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and stimulates the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymph… |
Autologous MAGE-A10-specific HLA-A2-restricted TCR c796 Gene-engineered Lymphocytes |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted, human melanoma-associated antigen A10 (MAGE-A10), clone 796 (c796), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-MAGE-A10(c796)-HLA-A2 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-A2-positive patient. Upon reintrodu… |
Autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR Gene-engineered Lymphocytes KITE-718 |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets human melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and MAGE-A6 (MAGEA3/A6; MAGE-A3/A6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with a gene expressing a TCR specific for the MAGE-A3/A6 antigens, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the patient. Then, the autologous MAGE-A3/A6-specific TCR gene enginee… |
Autologous MAGE-A3-specific HLA-A*01-Restricted T Cell Receptor Gene Engineered Lymphocytes |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A01-restricted, human melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-MAGE-A3-HLA-A01 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-A01-positive patient. Then, the autologous MAGE-A3-specific, HLA-A… |
Autologous MAGE-C2-specific HLA-A2-restricted TCR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted, melanoma-associated antigen C2 (MAGE-C2; MC2), ALK epitope, with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-MAGE-C2-HLA-A2 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-A2-positive patient. Upon reintroduction, the autologous MAGE-C2-s… |
Autologous mbIL-12-expressing Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes GT202 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) engineered to express membrane-bound interleukin-12 (mbIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and engineered to express mbIL-12. Upon infusion of the autologous mbIL-12-expressing TILs GT202 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. IL-12 expression activates the immune system by promot… |
Autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells FH-MCVA2TCR |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ and CD62L-expressing CD8+ T-cells transduced with a third generation lentiviral vector (LV) to express the high affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) A2 -MCC1, specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02-restricted Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; MCV) viral oncoprotein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the autologous MCPyV-specific HLA-A02-restricted TCR-transduced CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells FH-MC… |
Autologous mDC3 Vaccine |
An antineoplastic vaccine composed of autologous mature dendritic cells (mDCs) pulsed with mutated peptides, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous mDC3 vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against cancer cells. |
Autologous mDC3/8-KRAS Vaccine |
An antineoplastic vaccine composed of autologous mature dendritic cells (mDCs) pulsed with mutant KRAS peptides specific to a patient’s tumor mutation and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, this vaccine, which is administered as an mDC3 primer, followed by an mDC8 booster, may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing certain KRAS mutations. K-RAS, a member of the RAS family of… |
Autologous Melanoma Lysate/KLH-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysate from autologous melanoma cells containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and conjugated to the immunostimulant Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous melanoma lysate/KLH-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody respon… |
Autologous Melanoma Lysate/NY-ESO-1-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with both a lysate from autologous melanoma cells containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs) and a synthetic peptide derived from the tumor associated antigen human cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous melanoma lysate/NY-ESO-1-pulsed autologous DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lym… |
Autologous Melanoma Lysate-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysate from autologous melanoma cells containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous melanoma lysate-pulsed autologous DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against melanoma cells, which may result in melanoma cell lysis. |
Autologous Memory Cytokine-enriched Natural Killer Cells |
A population of cryopreserved, autologous CD56-positive memory cytokine-enriched natural killer (NK) cells (m-ceNKs), armed with NK cell-activating surface receptors, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Autologous NK cells are pre-activated ex vivo with a cytokine cocktail, which induces the differentiation of the NK cells into immune-memory m-ceNKs, which possess a unique phenotype. The pretreated NKs exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-g) … |
Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Apceth_101 |
Human autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from the bone marrow of a patient and genetically modified with a self-inactivating retroviral vector expressing the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK), that can be used to activate synthetic acyclic guanosine analogues when co-administered. Upon intravenous administration of autologous mesenchymal stem cells apceth_101, the cells are actively recruited to the tumor stroma, differentiate into more mature mesench… |
Autologous Mesothelin-specific CAR-T Cells |
Genetically modified, autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a gene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous mesothelin-specific CAR-T cells specifically target and kill mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. Mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein involved in ce… |
Autologous Mesothelin-specific CAR-T-Cells Expressing Anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 Antibodies |
A preparation of autologous, engineered T-lymphocytes that express both a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human gastric carcinoma-associated antigen MG7, and the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, the autologous anti-MG7-CAR T-lymphocytes target and attach to cancer cells expressing MG7. This induces selective toxicity in and causes lysis of MG7-expressing tumor cells. MG7, a glycosylat… |
Autologous Mesothelin-specific Human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11 |
Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected with anti-mesothelin chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, the autologous mesothelin-specific human mRNA CAR-transfected PBMCs MCY-M11 recognize, bind to, phagocytose and directly kill cancer cells expressing mesothelin. In addition, MCY-M11 stimulates the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the mesothelin-expressing … |
Autologous MG7-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous DCs pulsed with the human gastric carcinoma-associated antigen MG7, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration at the inguinal lymph nodes, autologous MG7-pulsed DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MG7-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. MG7, a glycosylated protein sequence from the tu… |
Autologous MGMTP140K Lentiviral Vector-transduced HSCs |
A preparation of autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transduced with a lentiviral-based proviral vector encoding for MGMTP140K, a mutant version of the human DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), with potential protective activity against myelosuppression. MGMTP140K is resistant to the MGMT inhibitor O6-benzylguanine (O6BG; BG). Upon administration of the autologous MGMTP140K lentiviral vector-transduced HSCs back into the patient, the HSCs expressing t… |
Autologous Monocyte-derived Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine PV-001-DC |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mDCs) pulsed with tumor cell lysate containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,the autologous tumor cell lysate-pulsed mDCs vaccine PV-001-DC may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the patient’s tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous mRNA-encoding NSCLC Neoantigens Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine in which the autologous, in vitro activated DCs are loaded with messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding neoantigens from the patient’s non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of autologous mRNA-encoding NSCLC neoantigens DC vaccine, the mRNA gets expressed into neoantigens in cells and the neoantgens activate the immune system to induce robust neoantigen-specific T-cell responses ag… |
Autologous mRNA-modified Anti-cMET CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous, genetically-engineered T-lymphocytes that have been electroporated with an mRNA encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or cMET) single chain variable fragment (scFv), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous mRNA-modified anti-cMET CAR-T cells direct T-cells to cMET-expressing tumor cells, which induces selective toxicity against cMET-expressing tumor cells and… |
Autologous MUC1-activated T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been activated against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, autologous MUC1-activated T-cells specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and proliferation. |
Autologous Multi-lineage Potential Cells |
A preparation of autologous multi-lineage potential cells (AMPC) which were induced to de-differentiate from somatic leukocytes from peripheral blood, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, the AMPC may help replace the abnormal cells in the body to create healthy bone marrow in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). |
Autologous Multiple Antigen-specific T-cells MASE-T |
A preparation of autologous T-cells targeting multiple antigens expressed by melanoma cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Peripheral blood T-cells from the patient are collected, processed with artificial antigen-presenting scaffolds, and enriched and expanded ex-vivo to generate multiple antigen-specific endogenously-derived T-cells (MASE-T) targeting multiple antigens expressed by melanoma cells. Upon administration, the autologous multiple antigen-specific… |
Autologous Native ESR1-pulsed DC1 Vaccine Alternating with Autologous Mutated ESR1-pulsed DC1 Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, type-1 polarized dendritic cells (DC1s) pulsed with either native or mutated estrogen receptor alpha (ERa; estrogen receptor 1; ESR1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous DCs were treated to produce DC1s and pulsed with either native or mutated ESR1. Alternating weekly between autologous native ESR1-pulsed and mutated ESR1-pulsed DC1 vaccine, upon administration, the autologous native and/… |
Autologous Natural Killer Cell-like CTLs |
A preparation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) that express natural killer (NK)-like features (nCTLs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The nCTLs are derived from autologous lymphocytes that have been in vitro exposed to autologous alpha-type-1 polarized dendritic cells that are pulsed with specific autologous tumor-associated antigens (TAAs); the nCTLs are subsequently expanded in the presence of the cytokine human interleukin-2 (IL-2). The generated nCTLs are … |
Autologous Natural Killer Cells SNK01 |
A preparation of autologous, ex-vivo expanded and activated natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, the autologous NK cells SNK01 may lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Autologous Nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 and cell surface protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and additionally an inducible expression cassette encoding transgenic interleukin (IL) 7 (IL-7) or 12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the autologous nectin-4/FAP-targeted CAR-T cells target and bind to nec… |
Autologous Neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes GEN-011 |
A preparation of autologous, personalized, immunogenic and tumor neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Tumor-specific neoantigen targets of autologous CD4+ and/or CD8+ T-cells are identified and T-cells that target immunogenic and stimulatory neoantigens are expanded ex vivo. Upon administration, the autologous neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes GEN-011 recognize and bind to tumor cells expressing the targeted neoantigens, resulting … |
Autologous Neuroblastoma Lysate/KLH-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with a cell lysate from an autologous neuroblastoma containing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous neuroblastoma lysate/KLH-pulsed DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against neuroblastoma cells, w… |
Autologous NKG2D CAR T Cells KD-025 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) coupled to the co-immunostimulatory signaling domain 4-1BB, normally expressed on T-cells, and linked to the intracellular CD3 zeta domain (CD3z), which is needed for TCR signaling, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologou… |
Autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a retroviral vector to co-express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) with a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) and MICB, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR T-cells CYAD-02 specifically re… |
Autologous NKG2D CAR-CD3zeta-DAP10-expressing T-Lymphocytes CYAD-01 |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified and transduced with a retroviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) encoding full-length human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D or KLRK1) fused to the CD3zeta cytoplasmic signaling domain and containing the naturally-expressed adaptor molecule DNAX-activating protein of 10 kDa (DAP10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Up… |
Autologous NKG2D CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes ASP2802 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for a modified and inactivated form of the type II transmembrane protein human natural-killer group 2, member D receptor protein (NKG2D; KLRK1), that can be used for potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities upon activation in vivo. Upon infusion back into the patient, autologous NKG2D CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes ASP2802 are inert. Upon subsequent administratio… |
Autologous NSCLC DNA-Transfected Semi-Allogeneic Fibroblasts MRC-5 Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of irradiated human fetal lung fibroblasts (Medical Research Council 5 or MRC-5) transfected with autologous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived DNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous NSCLC DNA-transfected semi-allogeneic fibroblasts MRC-5 vaccine expresses NSCLC tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in addition to MHC class I-determinants and the co-stimulatory molecule B7.1, which may induce a cytotoxic T-ly… |
Autologous NSCLC Peptide-specific Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A personalized cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with immunogenic peptides derived from autologous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. During leukapheresis, mature DCs are loaded with autologous NSCLC-derived peptides. Upon re-administration of the NSCLC peptide-specific DC vaccine, the immune system is exposed to NSCLC-associated antigens. This results in the induction of a speci… |
Autologous NY-ESO-1 TCR-targeted T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a gene encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR-transduced autologous T-cells recognize and bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killin… |
Autologous NY-ESO-1-Melanoma-Specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD8+ (cytotoxic) T-lymphocytes sensitized to cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 antigen with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous CD8+ T-lymphocytes, isolated from a melanoma patient, are exposed to an NY-ESO-1 peptide ex vivo, expanded, and reintroduced into the patient; these tumor-reactive T-cells may stimulate a host immune response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1, an anti… |
Autologous NY-ESO-1-redirected CRISPR-edited T Cells |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to eliminate endogenous TCR and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) expression, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The CRISPR guide RNA (gRNA) specif… |
Autologous NY-ESO-1-specific CD8-positive T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD8+ T-lymphocytes specifically reactive to the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T-lymphocytes were generated from T-cells isolated from a particular cancer patient, which were made specifically reactive to the NY-ESO-1 antigen, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the patient. These tumor-reactive T-cells may stimulate a host immune response against tumor cells expr… |
Autologous OFA-iLRP RNA-Transfected Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous, mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with oncofetal antigen immature laminin receptor protein (OFA-iLRP) RNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DCs in the OFA-iLRP RNA-transfected autologous dendritic cell vaccine express, process, and present OFA-iLRP to the host immune system, which may mount a potent cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against OFA-iLRP-expressing tumor cells. As a highly conserved protei… |
Autologous Orthogonal IL-2Rbeta-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR T-cells SYNCAR-001 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) and expressing a mutated orthogonal (ortho) interleukin (IL)-2beta recepto… |
Autologous Ovarian Cancer Immunogene-modified T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous immunogene modified T-lymphocytes (IgT) that have been genetically engineered to be specifically reactive to ovarian cancer (OC) cells, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration of the autologous OC-IgT cells, the T-cells recognize and induce specific toxicity in the OC cells. |
Autologous Ovarian Cancer-specific Antigens-pulsed Dendritic Cells Cellgram-DC |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with ovarian cancer-specific antigen(s), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of the autologous ovarian cancer-specific antigens-pulsed DCs Cellgram-DC near the lymph nodes, the DCs stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the ovarian cancer cells expressing the antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous Ovarian Cancer-specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) genetically modified to target a not yet disclosed ovarian cancer-specific tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous ovarian cancer-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (OC-CTLs) bind to and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Autologous Ovarian Tumor Cell Lysate-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, irradiated dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with ovarian tumor cell lysate containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous ovarian tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ovarian tumor cells expressing the patients ovarian tumor cell-specific TAAs, which may result in ovar… |
Autologous Oxidized Ovarian Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine |
An autologous cancer vaccine composed of oxidized ovarian tumor cell lysate, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous oxidized ovarian tumor cell lysate vaccine exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which may result in the induction of both anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and antibody-dependent responses against TAA-expressing cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. Compared to non… |
Autologous Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Lysate and mRNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA containing and encoding tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration by perinodal injection using ultrasound guidance, the autologous pancreatic adenocarcinoma lysate and mRNA-loaded DC vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the … |
Autologous PBLs Retrovirally-transduced with TCRs Targeting Neoantigens |
Autologous human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding T-cell receptors (TCRs) specific for a patient’s individual and unique mutated antigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Tumor cells are analyzed to identify and isolate specific mutated tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are expressed by the patient’s tumor cells; then T-cell receptor coding sequences are engineered to target the patient’s TAAs and inserted int… |
Autologous PBMC-derived Engineered Leukocyte Immunostimulatory Cells-activated Effector Cells |
A preparation of cytotoxic, autologous effector cells specifically targeted towards tumor cells and comprised primarily of natural killer (NK) cells, CD56+ NK T-cells (NKTs), CD8+ T-cells and gamma delta T-cells stored in cryogenic media, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous effector cells are prepared by collecting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cancer patients, which are stimulated with the induction reagent engineered leukocyte immu… |
Autologous PBTL CD19CAR-28 zeta |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been genetically modified to express the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) anti-CD19/CD3 zeta chain fusion protein coupled to the intracellular signal domain of CD28 antigen, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous PBTL CD19CAR-28 zeta may stimulate host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against CD19-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell… |
Autologous PD-1 Antibody-expressing Mesothelin-specific CAR-T Cells |
Genetically modified, autologous T-lymphocytes that express an antibody that targets the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and are transduced with a gene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the auto… |
Autologous PD-1 Nanobody-expressing Anti-MSLN CAR T-cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a nanobody that targets the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and transduced with a gene encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduc… |
Autologous PD1-inhibiting Anti-CD19 4-1BB CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) linked to the intracellular signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) that also encodes a cell-intrinsic programmed cell death 1 (PD1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1) short/small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-expressing cassette, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon … |
Autologous PD1-knockout CD19-specific CAR T-cells BRL-201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are non-virally gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to integrate a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 in the locus of the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1) gene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous PD1-knockout CD19-specific CAR T-cells BR… |
Autologous PD-1-knockout Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes IOV-4001 |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) where the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1) gene has been disrupted using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample, expanded ex-vivo and genetically modified to inactivate PD-1. Upon administration, the autologous PD-1-knockout TILs IOV-4001 induce … |
Autologous PD-1-targeted Chimeric Switch Receptor-modified T Lymphocytes |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric switch receptor (CSR) composed of the extracellular ligand binding domain of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1) fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic co-stimulatory signaling domains of CD28 (PD1CD28; PD-1:CD28 switch receptor), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction of autologous PD-1-targeted CSR-modified T-lymphocytes… |
Autologous PD-L1/CD80/CD86-targeted CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of a modified from of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), in which the intracellular signal domain of PD-1 is transformed to allow for stimulatory signaling but with an intact extracellular ligand binding domain that specifically binds the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and a modified form of the T-c… |
Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Cotransduced with Retroviral Vectors Encoding Inducible IL-12 and Anti-NY-ESO-1 TCR |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with two retroviral vectors, one encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and a second that encodes an inducible single chain form of interleukin-12 (IL-12) driven by a nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT)-responsive promoter, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following isolation of lymphocytes, retroviral vector transduction, and expansion of the cells ex… |
Autologous Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Ibrutinib-treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients IOV-2001 |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) harvested from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients previously treated with the Brutons’ tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, IOV-2001 generates an enhanced cytotoxic T-cell response against autologous leukemic B-cells in patients who have relapsed during treatment with ibrutinib. IOV-2001 is mostly comprised of T-cells of… |
Autologous Polyclonal Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LYL845 |
A preparation of autologous, epigenetically reprogrammed, polyclonal tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous TILs LYL845 are prepared and expanded ex vivo by co-culturing autologous tumor cells with specific Epi-R cell culture media containing optimized cytokine composition and cell activation which creates TILs enriched with CD8-positive T-cells with diverse tumor-reactive clones and an enhanced proportion of stem-l… |
Autologous PRAME-targeting TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous PRAME-targeting TCR-engineered T-cells IMA203 specifically recognize and bind to PRAME expressed on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (C… |
Autologous Prostate Cancer Antigen-expressing Dendritic Cell Vaccine BPX-101 |
A genetically-modified autologous dendritic cell-based vaccine expressing a drug-inducible costimulatory CD40 receptor (iCD40) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) are genetically modified to express the iCD40 receptor and are pulsed with the tumor antigen prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Upon intradermal administration, these DCs accumulate in local draining lymph nodes. Twenty-four hours after vaccination, the dimerizer ag… |
Autologous Prostate Cancer-specific Antigens-pulsed Dendritic Cells Cellgram-DC-PC |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with prostate cancer (PC)-specific antigen(s), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous PC-specific antigens-pulsed DCs injected subcutaneously near the inguinal lymph nodes, the DCs stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the PC cells expressing the antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous Prostate Stem Cell Antigen-specific CAR T Cells BPX-601 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta) and a drug-induced co-stimulatory molecule, composed of an inducible, chimeric MyD88/CD40 (inducible MC; iMC) co-stimulatory domain, in which both the MyD88 and CD40 lack their extracellular domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon admini… |
Autologous PSMA-4SCAR-expressing T-cells 4SCAR-PSMA |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing a fourth generation chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) consisting of an anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) that is coupled to the costimulatory signaling domains CD28, CD137, CD27 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (CD3zeta; CD3z), and is fused with the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9… |
Autologous PSMA-inducible Anti-CA9 CAR T-cells AB-2100 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been modified to encode a genetic circuit consisting of a priming receptor that induces the expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX; carbonic anhydrase 9; CA9; G250) upon binding to the TAA prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and a microRNA-adapted short hairpin RNA (shRNA-miR) module targeting Fas (FAS; CD95; APO-1; tumor necrosis factor receptor supe… |
Autologous PSMA-specific TGFb-resistant CAR T Cells |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) single chain variable fragment (scFv) and expressing a dominant negative (DN) form of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous PSMA-specific TGFb-resistant CAR T cells are directed to and induce selective toxicity… |
Autologous Rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 Cells RAPA-201 |
A preparation of autologous rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 cells, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, autologous rapamycin-resistant Th1/Tc1 cells RAPA-201 may recognize and kill tumor cells. Ex-vivo induction of rapamycin-resistance may increase the persistence of T-cells after adoptive transfer. |
Autologous Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor Lysate-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor cell lysate containing tumor associated antigens (TAAs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous renal cell carcinoma tumor lysate-dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against RCC tumor cells expressing RCC TAAs, resulting in RCC tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous Retroviral Vector MSGV1-transduced Anti-PSCA-8T28Z CAR Gamma Delta T-cells |
A preparation of autologous gamma, delta T-lymphocytes transduced with the gamma retroviral vector MSGV1 expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), and expressing a hinge/transmembrane domain derived from CD8alpha (CD8a) and a single co-stimulatory domain derived from CD28 (8t28z), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous retroviral vector MSGV1-transduce… |
Autologous ROR2-targeted CAR T-cells CCT301-59 |
A preparation of genetically modified autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. After isolation, transduction, and expansion in culture, CCT301-59 cells are reintroduced into the patient and are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using proprietary Conditionally Active Biologic (CAB) t… |
Autologous Sarcoma Cell Lysate |
A cell lysate derived from sarcoma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the autologous sarcoma cell lysate exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of sarcoma-type tumor associated antigens (TAA), which may result in the induction of both specific anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against the sarcoma TAA-expressing cells, resulting in sarcoma cell lysis. |
Autologous Sarcoma Lysate-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysates from sarcoma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous sarcoma lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of sarcoma-type tumor associated antigens (TAA), which may result in the induction of both specific anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against the sar… |
Autologous SIRPa-depleted Activated Macrophages SI-101 |
A preparation of autologous macrophages that are ex vivo activated and depleted of signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRP-alpha; SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, autologous SIRPa-depleted activated macrophages SI-101 elicits an anti-tumor immune response via the phagocytosis of tumor cells. In addition, the autologous SIRPa-depleted activated macrophages SI-101 promotes a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironmen… |
Autologous TAAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells AV-GBM-1 |
A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with immunogenic tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from cultured autologous glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TAA-loaded DCs AV-GBM-1 expose the immune system to the GBM neoantigens, which results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the autologous GBM cells leading to GBM cell lysis. |
Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for an as of yet not identified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA201 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive… |
Autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically modified with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting patient-specific tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration back into the patient, the autologous TCR-engineered T-cells IMA202 specifically recognize and bind to the TAA on cancer cells, which induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the TAA-positive cancer cells. |
Autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a T-cell receptor mimetic (TCRm) construct targeting as of yet undisclosed tumor associated antigen(s) (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the autologous TCRm-expressing T-cells ET140203 specifically recognize and selectively bind to the as of yet undisclosed TAA(s). This results in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of tumor… |
Autologous Tetravalent Dendritic Cell Vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of autologous, dendritic cells (DCs) that have been loaded with a proprietary selection of four antigens that covers more than ninety percent of all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous tetravalent dendritic cell vaccine MIDRIX4-LUNG may induce and stimulate both T-helper and antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, leading to tumor cell… |
Autologous TGFbeta-Resistant HER2/EBV-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-resistant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) directed to EBV through their native receptor and HER2 through a retrovirally transduced HER2 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous EBV-specific CTLs are produced by exposing autologous CTLs to “stimulator” autologous EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (EBV-LCLs). Subsequently, autologous EBV-specific CTLs … |
Autologous T-lymphocytes-expressing NY-ESO-1-C259-specific Enhanced T-cell Receptors |
Human autologous lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the autologous T-lymphocytes expressing NY-ESO-1-C259-specific enhanced T-cell receptors bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in the specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) killing of NY-ESO-1-positive … |
Autologous Tn-MUC1-specific CAR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Tn glycoform of mucin-1 (Tn-MUC1; TnMUC1), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon re-introduction into the patient, the autologous Tn-MUC1-specific CAR T-lymphocytes specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in TnMUC1-expressing tumor cells. TnMUC1 is overexpressed in certain tumor ty… |
Autologous Total Tumor mRNA and CMV-pp65-flLAMP mRNA Loaded Liposome Vaccine |
An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of total tumor RNA (TTRNA) derived and amplified from autologous tumor cells and mRNA encoding the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) as a fusion protein with the full-length lysosome-associated membrane protein (flLAMP), formulated in DOTAP lipid particles, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous total tumor mRNA and CMV-p… |
Autologous Total Tumor mRNA Loaded Liposome Vaccine |
An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of total tumor RNA (TTRNA) derived from autologous tumor cells, formulated in DOTAP lipid nanoparticles, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous total tumor mRNA loaded liposome vaccine, the mRNA is taken up, translated and presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). The expressed epitopes are then presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface o… |
Autologous TP53 R175H Mutant-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted TCR Gene Engineered T-lymphocytes NT-175 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01-restricted TP53 (p53) R175H mutant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo and re-introduction into the patient, the autologous TP53 R175H mutant-specific HLA-A02:01-restricted TCR gene engineered T-lymphocytes NT-175 target and bind to tumor cells expressing the TP53 R175H muta… |
Autologous TROP2-CAR-transduced PD-1-positive T Cells T60c |
A preparation of autologous programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279)-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentivirus expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous TROP2-CAR-transduced PD-1-posi… |
Autologous Tumor Cell Proteoliposome Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Vaccine |
An autologous chronic lymphocytic leukemia cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific membrane proteins directly extracted from patient autologous tumor cells and incorporated into liposomes along with Interleukin 2 (IL-2) to produce membrane-patched proteoliposomes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. After subcutaneous injection of the autologous tumor cell proteoliposomes chronic lymphocytic leukemia vaccine, liposomes deliver the encapsulated tumor antigens … |
Autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine |
A therapeutic agent produced by isolating tumor cells from an individual and processing these tumor cells into a vaccine formulation in vitro; the vaccine is then administered to the individual from whom the tumor cells were isolated. Typically combined with an adjuvant immunostimulant, an autologous cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocytic immune response to cell surface-expressed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), resulting in tumor cell death. (NCI04) |
Autologous Tumor Cells/Bacillus Calmette-Guerin/Formalin-based Vaccine |
A therapeutic personalized breast cancer vaccine composed of autologous tumor cells and bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in a liquid vehicle containing formalin, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the autologous tumor cells/BCG/formalin-based vaccine, which contains an individual’s unique set of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the breast cancer cells, resulti… |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes BST02 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from the patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs BST02 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes C-TIL051 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs C-TIL051 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes C-TIL052A |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs C-TIL052A specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes GT101 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs GT101 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes GT201 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs GT201 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes HV-101 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, autologous TILs HV-101 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ITIL-168 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s digested and cryopreserved tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs ITIL-168 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LM103 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs LM103 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145 |
A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating activity. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes LN-145-S1 |
A proprietary preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autologous TILs are isolated from an autologous tumor sample and expanded ex vivo in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Upon infusion of the autologous TILs LN-145-S1 back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient’s tumor tissue, then cultured and expanded in vitro in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and an agonistic anti-4-1BB (CD137) antibody. Upon infusion of the autologous expanded TILs back into the patient, the cells specifically recognize, target, and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes TBio-4101 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs TBio-4101 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor Membrane Vesicles Vaccine |
An autologous personalized tumor vaccine composed of tumor membrane vesicles (TMV) derived from the patient’s own tumor cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous TMV vaccine, the antigenic proteins in the vaccine are presented to the immune system and activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This may stimulate the immune system to mount cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T-lymphocyte responses against the patient’s tumor… |
Autologous Tumor Vaccine Plus Polysaccharide-derived Delta Inulin Adjuvant |
An autologous cancer vaccine composed of tumor cell lysate extracted from a patient’s tumor and formulated with a delta inulin polysaccharide adjuvant, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous tumor vaccine plus polysaccharide-derived delta inulin adjuvant, the autologous tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) may stimulate the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the patient’s tumor cells, which… |
Autologous Tumor-associated Peptide Antigen-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous DCs pulsed with specific tumor-associated peptide antigens (TAPA), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous TAPA-pulsed DC vaccine exposes the immune system to the specific TAPAs, which may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against the TAPA-expressing cancer cells. This leads to cancer cell lysis. This vaccine is specific towards peptides deri… |
Autologous Tumor-draining Lymph Node-derived Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous lymphocytes that are isolated from each patient’s tumor-draining lymph nodes and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous tumor-draining LNLs specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes GC101 |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs GC101 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes HS-IT101 |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from each patient’s resected tumor and expanded ex vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration back into the patient, the autologous TILs HS-IT101 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes-Central Memory T-cells |
A preparation of autologous ex-vivo expanded central memory T (Tcm) cell-like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from the patient’s tumor tissue and peripheral blood, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation and ex-vivo treatment, the therapeutic ex-vivo-treated autologous TIL-Tcm cells, upon reintroduction into the patient, can activate an antitumor immune respone and eradicate tumor cells. |
Autologous Tumor-specific Antigen-loaded Dendritic Cells |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor-specific antigen(s) (TSAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the autologous TSA-loaded DCs, the DCs stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the tumor cells expressing the TSA(s), resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Autologous UCD19 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the autologous UCD19 CAR T-cells recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively lysing CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19, a B-cell-specific cell surface antigen is overexpressed in… |
Autologous Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that has been genetically engineered to express a fully humanized, universal, second generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a CD28/CD3zeta co-stimulatory domain, and a binding domain that can recognize a peptide motive of an antigen-specific targeting module (TM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, autologous universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes UniCAR02-T remain inactivated. Upon administrat… |
Autologous UV-oHSV2-activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated ex vivo by ultraviolet-inactivated oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 2 (UV-oHSV2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction of the autologous UV-oHSV2-activated PBMCs into the patient, the activated immune cells kill tumor cells. Ex vivo UV-oHSV2 treatment induces natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFNg). This leads to immune-m… |
Autologous Vaccine-enhanced Ex Vivo Activated Cancer Neoantigens-specific T-cells TVI-Brain-1 |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes collected from the patient after the administration of a personalized cancer vaccine composed of an attenuated form of patient-specific cancer cells and an immunological adjuvant, via leukapheresis, and activated ex vivo, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Cancer neoantigens-specific T-cells are collected after the administration of the personalized cancer vaccine and expanded ex vivo. Upon administration, the autologous v… |
Autologous WT1-directed CRISPR/Cas9-engineered TCR-T Cells NTLA-5001 |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous T-cell receptor (TCR) and modified to express a TCR specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) epitope, WT1 37-45, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and rei… |
Autologous WT1-TCRc4 Gene-transduced CD8-positive Tcm/Tn Lymphocytes |
Autologous, human CD8 T-lymphocytes, comprised of both central memory T-cells (Tcm) and naïve T-cells (Tn), that are transduced, ex vivo, with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector encoding a high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCRc4) specific for the human tumor antigen Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) epitope 126-134 (RMFPNAPYL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), transduction, expansion ex vivo, priming of the Tn subset, but not the Tcm subse… |
Avadomide |
A novel, small molecule cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes, including… |
Avadomide Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of avadomide, a novel, small molecule, cereblon-modulating agent with potential antineoplastic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, avadomide binds to and modulates cereblon to promote recruitment of the hematopoietic transcription factors Aiolos and Ikaros to the Cullin-4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This binding results in the ubiquitination and rapid proteasomal degradation of Aiolos and Ikaros and the derepression of i… |
Avapritinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of specific mutated forms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha; PDGFRa) and mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, avapritinib specifically binds to and inhibits specific mutant forms of PDGFRa and c-Kit, including the PDGFRa D842V mutant and various KIT exon 17 mutants. This results in the inhibition of PDGFRa- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways and t… |
Avdoralimab |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting the C5a receptor (C5aR), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, avdoralimab specifically targets, binds to and blocks C5aR expressed on subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils. This prevents the binding of its ligand C5a to C5aR and prevents the C5aR-mediated activation and accumulation of these cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and abrogates the secretion of inflammatory and angiogenic factors… |
Avelumab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, avelumab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation o… |
Aviscumine |
A recombinant protein that inactivates the ribosome with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Aviscumine binds to the cell surface sialyltransferase CD75 and is internalized; intracellularly, aviscumine cleaves an adenine-specific N-glycosidic bond on the 28S ribosomal subunit, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has also been shown to activate natural killer (NK) cells, induce cytokine receptor expression, and stimulate the release of cytokines. CD75 is … |
Avotaciclib |
An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, avotaciclib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1. This may inhibit cancer stem cell (CSC) division, cause cell cycle arrest, and induce apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. CDK1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in regulating cell division, cell cycle progression and proliferation. It is frequently overexpres… |
AWZ-1066S Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of AWZ-1066S, an orally bioavailable synthetic compond that is active against the bacterium Wolbachia and that can potentially be used to treat diseases caused by namatodes of the family Filariodidea, such as lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis. Upon oral administration, the anti-Wolbachia agent AWZ1066S specifically kills Wolbachia through an as of yet not fully identified mechanism of action (MoA). In filarial nematodes-infected humans, adult worms need Wolba… |
Axalimogene Filolisbac |
A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 fused to a non-hemolytic listeriolysin O protein with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with axalimogene filolisbac, Listeria expresses the HPV 16 E7 antigen and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing HPV 16 E7. This may result in tumor cel… |
Axatilimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, axatilimab binds to the ligand binding domain of CSF-1R, preventing binding and consequent activation by its natural ligands, IL-34 and colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1). Inhibition of CSF-1R activation may disrupt the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which promote initiation and metast… |
Axicabtagene Ciloleucel |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been transduced with a gammaretoviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion and re-introduction of axicabtagene ciloleucel into t… |
Axitinib |
An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Axitinib inhibits the proangiogenic cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF), thereby exerting an anti-angiogenic effect. |
AXL Inhibitor AB801 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AXL inhibitor AB801 targets, reversibly binds to, and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration and AXL-mediated immunosuppression. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine ki… |
AXL Inhibitor DS-1205c |
An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DS-1205c targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed by many tumor cell types. It plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, surv… |
AXL Inhibitor FC084CSA |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AXL inhibitor FC084CSA specifically targets, binds to, and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration and AXL-mediated immunosuppression. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosi… |
AXL Inhibitor NTQ2494 |
An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AXL inhibitor NTQ2494 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration, and AXL-mediated immunosuppression and immune evasion. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases… |
AXL Inhibitor SLC-391 |
An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, SLC-391 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-mediated tumor cell growth, proliferation and migration and AXL-mediated immunosuppression. AXL, a member of the Tyro3, AXL and Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is … |
AXL Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/cMET Inhibitor BPI-9016M |
An orally available inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) and the receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AXL receptor tyrosine kinase/cMET inhibitor BPI-9016M, binds to both AXL and cMet, thereby disrupting both AXL- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. Altogether, this agent inhibits growth in AXL and cMet-overexpressing tumor cells. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of… |
AXL/FLT3 Inhibitor TT-00973 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL (UFO) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AXL/FLT3 inhibitor TT-00973 binds to and inhibits AXL and FLT3, including the FLT3-ITD-F691L gatekeeper mutation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling pathways and the inhibition of cell growth of tumors in which these kinases are overexpress… |
AXL/FLT3/NTRK Inhibitor HH30134 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL (UFO) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinases (NTRKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AXL/FLT3/NTRK inhibitor HH30134 binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of AXL, FLT3 and NTRK. Inhibition of these kinases leads to the disruption of downstream signaling… |
AXL/FLT3/VEGFR2 Inhibitor KC1036 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of three receptor tyrosine kinases: AXL (UFO), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, KC1036 targets, binds to and prevents the activation of AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2. This blocks AXL, FLT3 and VEGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits both AXL-, FLT3- and VEGF… |
Axl/Mer Inhibitor INCB081776 |
An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB081776 targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumor… |
Axl/Mer Inhibitor PF-07265807 |
An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO) and Mer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Axl/Mer inhibitor PF-07265807 specifically targets and binds to both Axl and Mer, and prevents their activity. This blocks Axl- and Mer-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits proliferation and migration of Axl- and Mer-overexpressing tumor cells. Axl and Mer, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumo… |
Axl/Mer/CSF1R Inhibitor Q702 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Axl (UFO), Mer, and colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory, chemo-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Axl/Mer/CSF1R inhibitor Q702 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of Axl, Mer and CSF1R, thereby blocking Axl-, Mer- and CSF1R-mediated signaling pathways. This inhibits proliferation of Axl- and Mer-expressing tumor cells… |
Azacitidine |
A pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic activity. Azacitidine is incorporated into DNA, where it reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby blocking DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may activate tumor suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation, resulting in an antitumor effect. This agent is also incorporated into RNA, thereby disrupting normal RNA function and impairing tRNA cytosine-5-methyltransferase activity. (NCI04) |
Azapicyl |
A hydrazine compound that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Azaribine |
The triacetate salt of azauridine, a synthetic triazine nucleoside derivative possessing antineoplastic and anti-psoriatic activity. After metabolism to 6-azauridine-5-prime monophosphate, 6-Azauridine inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and its 5-prime triphosphate metabolite gets incorporated into RNA, thereby preventing RNA synthesis. |
Azaserine |
A naturally occurring serine derivative diazo compound with antineoplastic properties, Azaserine functions as a purine antagonist and glutamine analogue (glutamine amidotransferase inhibitor) that competitively inhibits pathways in which glutamine is metabolized. An antibiotic and antitumor agent, Azaserine is used in clinical studies as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04) |
Azenosertib |
An inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu) with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Although the exact mechanism of action by which this agent inhibits Wee1 has yet to be disclosed, upon administration of ZN-c3, this agent targets and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest leading to cell death in susceptible tumor cells, such as p53-deficient or mutated human cancers that lack … |
Azercabtagene Zapreleucel |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf, T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified using a proprietary synthetic nuclease-based system to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 (cluster of differentiation 19) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, azercabtagene zapreleucel specifically recognize and kill CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antig… |
Azerutamig |
An engineered molecule based on tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager therapies (TriNKET) that is directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, azerutamig targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells, thereby bringing HER2-expressing tumor cells and NK cells together, which stimulates the NK cells and results in the selective NK cell-m… |
Azimexon |
Azimexon (2-cyanaziridinyl-2-carbamoyl-aziridinyl-1-propane) is a derivative of 2-cyanaziridine. Immunostimulant which shows therapeutic effects in tumor models and experimental infections in vitro, enhancing T lymphocyte transformation and phagocytosis. The mode of action of azimexon is unknown. It has been suggested that azimexon may alkylate DNA. In cancer patients it increases leukocytosis, blood active T rosettes, T4/T8 ratio, and is used as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in the treatment o… |
Azintuxizumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody targeting CS1 (SLAMF7/CD319) that is conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a cathepsin-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of azintuxizumab vedotin binds to CS1-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, result… |
Aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 |
A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5’-GNC-3’ sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors rela… |
Azotomycin |
An antineoplastic-antibiotic diazo analog of L-glutamine isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ambofaciens. Azotomycin inhibits glutamine-dependent enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Azurin:50-77 Cell Penetrating Peptide p28 |
A water-soluble, amphipathic, 28 amino acid (amino acids 50-77), 2.9 kD fragment peptide (p28) derived from the protein azurin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated, the preferential cellular uptake of azurin-derived cell-penetrating peptide p28 by tumor cells and endothelial cells is likely via caveolae-mediated endocytosis; the C-terminal 18 amino acid residues (50-67) appear to be responsible for this preferential… |
B16alphaGal Melanoma Vaccine |
A whole cell melanoma cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. B16alphaGal melanoma vaccine contains three types of human melanoma cell lines that are genetically engineered to express the alpha(1,3)-galactosyl (alphaGal) epitope on cell surfaces. The agent stimulates a hyperacute rejection of whole melanoma cancer cells expressing alphaGal epitopes, initiated by opsonization by anti-alphaGal antibodies and followed by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cyt… |
B7 Transfected Melanoma Cell Vaccine |
An allogenic whole tumor cell vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. B7 transfected melanoma cell vaccine consists of melanoma cells that have been induced to express the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B7. Vaccination with these altered cells may elicit an anti-tumor immune response via CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (NCI04) |
B7H3/CD3-targeting T-cell Engaging Molecule TAK-280 |
A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody and Conditional Bispecific Redirected Activation (COBRA) protein targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, B7H3/CD3-targeting T-cell engaging molecule TAK-280 is cleaved by proteases in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Upon cleavage, TAK-280 is activated and… |
B7-H4-targeting Agent |
Any agent that targets the T-cell checkpoint ligand B7-H4 (B7H4; V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1). |
Babaodan Capsule |
An orally available mixed powder of traditional Chinese medicine containing eight constituents including natural calculus bovis, snake gall, antelope horn, pearl, musk, radix notoginseng, and other as of yet not disclosed ingredients, with potential antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, babaodan may ameliorate substance-induced liver injury and fibrosis, and inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and p… |
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Substrain Danish 1331 Live Antigen |
An antigen preparation derived from Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Danish 1331 strain, used as a component of BCG vaccine. |
Bacterial Type III Secretion-based Agent T3P-Y058-739 |
A therapeutic based on a genetically-modified, live attenuated strain of the bacterium Yersinia enterocolitica that is able to deliver a combination of as of yet undisclosed type I interferons (IFN) and toll-like receptor (TLR) protein payloads, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bacterial type III secretion (T3S)-based agent T3P-Y058-739 may selectively target tumor cells, colonize and deliver the protein payloads into tumor cells. This may ac… |
Bactobolin |
A 3-dichloromethylactinobolin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from various Pseudomonas bacterial species. BN-183 induces apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. This agent also has immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04) |
Baculovirus CEA Protein Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) produced by a baculovirus expression system with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with baculovirus CEA protein vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA positive cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. CEA is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal, breast, and non-small cell lung cancers. (NCI04) |
Bafetinib |
An orally active 2-phenylaminopyrimidine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. INNO-406 specifically binds to and inhibits the Bcr/Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by Philadelphia chromosomal translocation associated with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Furthermore, this agent also inhibits the Src-family member Lyn tyrosine kinase, upregulated in imatinib-resistant CML cells and in a variety of solid cancer cell types. The inhibitory effect of INNO… |
Bafisontamab |
A human, Fabs-in-tandem immunoglobulin (FIT-Ig)-based, tetravalent, bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor EGFR and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR;; cMet; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bafisontamab simultaneously targets and binds to wild-type or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and c-… |
Balixafortide |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Balixafortide binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-c… |
Baloramotide |
A genetically engineered synthetic protein, Recombinant NY-ESO-1 Protein (Cancer-Testis Tumor Antigen Family) elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing cancers and is used to produce specific vaccines to increase the immune response against tumors. NY-ESO-1 epitopes presented by human HLA are recognized by CD4(+) T lymphocytes in patients with NY-ESO-1-expressing melanoma. (NCI04) |
Balstilimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, balstilimab binds to PD-1, and thereby blocks its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytoto… |
Baltaleucel-T |
A preparation of autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), which have specific reactivity to the EBV antigens, latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 (LMP1) and 2 (LMP2), EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and BamHI-A rightward frame-1 (BARF1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baltaleucel-T targets and binds to EBV-expressing cancer cells specifically expressing the targeted antigens. This may kill LMP1/LMP2/EBNA/BARF1-ex… |
Banoxantrone |
A bioreductive, alkylaminoanthraquinone prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Under hypoxic conditions, often seen in solid tumors, banoxantrone (AQ4N) is converted and activated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are upregulated in certain tumors, to the cytotoxic DNA-binding agent AQ4. Banoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, and inhibits topoisomerase II. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and repair in tumor cells. Combined with conventional therapeutic agents, both… |
Bapotulimab |
A mouse/human cross-reactive immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody against the immune checkpoint immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 2 (ILDR2; Chromosome 1 Open Reading Frame 32; C1orf32), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bapotulimab targets, binds to and inhibits ILDR2, thereby blocking the immunosuppressive activity of ILDR2. This prevents ILDR2-mediated inhibition of T-cell activities and induces a cytotoxic T… |
Barasertib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, dihydrogen phosphate prodrug of the pyrazoloquinazoline Aurora kinase inhibitor AZD1152-hydroxyquinazoline pyrazol anilide (AZD1152-HQPA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and rapid conversion from the prodrug form in plasma, AZD1152-HQPA specifically binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase B, which results in the disruption of spindle checkpoint functions and chromosome alignment and, so, the disruption of chromosome segregation a… |
Bardoxolone |
A synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the expression of Bcl-3; Bcl-3 is an IL-1-respo… |
Bardoxolone Methyl |
The methyl ester form of bardoxolone, a synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Bardoxolone blocks the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), two enzymes involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits the interleukin-1 (IL-1)-induced expression of the pro-inflammatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and the expre… |
Barecetamab |
A fully human antibody directed against the receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ErbB3; HER3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, barecetamab targets and binds to domain 3 and weakly interacts with domain 1 of ErbB3. This prevents heregulin (HRG) binding and blocks dimerization of ErbB3, thereby inactivating ErbB3 downstream signaling. ISU104 may also elicit the internalization of ErbB3 from the plasma membrane and downregulate ErbB3 expression. This i… |
Baricitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, baricitinib binds to JAK1/2, which inhibits JAK1/2 activation and leads to the inhibition of the JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. This decreases the production of inflammatory cytokines and may prevent an inflammatory response. In addition, baricitinib may induce apoptosis and … |
Base Edited Natural Killer Cells NK510 |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells derived from human peripheral blood and base-edited for as of yet not elucidated modifications, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, base edited NK cells NK510 recognize and lyse cancer cells. The NK cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Basiliximab-IR700 RM-1995 |
An antibody-dye conjugate composed of basiliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha, CD25 or Tac antigen), and conjugated to the light-activatable phthalocyanine dye IR700 (IRDye 700DX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of basiliximab-IR700 RM-1995, the basiliximab moiety targets and binds to IL-2R alpha expressed on the surface of activated regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs) in the tu… |
Basroparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzyme tankyrase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, basroparib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of tankyrase. This may block the tankyrase-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of multiple target proteins including various tumor suppressors. This may include the blockage of the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and destabilization of AXIN, a negative regulator of beta-catenin, and prevents Wnt/… |
Batabulin |
A synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to beta tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Batabulin Sodium |
The sodium salt form of batabulin, a synthetic pentafluorophenylsulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Batabulin covalently binds to and selectively modifies the beta 1, beta 2, beta 3, and beta 4 isotypes of beta tubulin at a conserved cysteine residue, resulting in disruption of microtubule polymerization, collapse of the cytoskeleton, an increase in chromosomal ploidy, cell cycle arrest, and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Batimastat |
A synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Batimastat binds covalently to the zinc ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04) |
Batiraxcept |
A soluble fusion protein comprised of the extracellular domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) AXL (UFO) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, batiraxcept selectively binds to growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6), the endogenous ligand for AXL. This may inhibit GAS6/AXL-mediated signaling, which plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis, as well as immune evasion and resi… |
Batoprotafib |
An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,batoprotafib binds to and inhibits SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activatio… |
Bavdegalutamide |
An orally available selective androgen receptor (AR)-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. Bavdegalutamide is composed of an AR ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration, bavdegalutamide targets and binds to the AR ligand binding domain. E3 ligase is recruited to the AR by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and the AR target protein is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubi… |
Bavituximab |
A chimeric, IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against anionic phospholipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Bavituximab binds to anionic phospholipids in a beta 2-glycoprotein I-dependent manner, inhibiting tumor growth by stimulating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to tumor vessels. |
Bazedoxifene |
An indole derivative and third-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bazedoxifene specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissues, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it either promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes. Bazedoxifene acts as an estrogen antag… |
Bazlitoran |
An oligonucleotide targeted to the mRNA of MYD88 L265P, a mutant form of the linker protein MYD88, with potential antitumor activity. Bazlitoran binds to and inhibits the translation of mutated MYD88 L265P mRNA. This prevents overactivation of signaling pathways mediated by toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7, 8, and 9, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) activity, Janus-associated kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling and the production of various cytokines. Toget… |
BC-819 Plasmid/Polyethylenimine Complex |
A plasmid DNA encoding for the A fragment of Diphtheria Toxin (DTA) under the control of the H19 gene promoter (BC-819 or DTA-H19) and mixed with the transfectant polyethylenimine (PEI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PEI moiety enhances the entry of the agent into rapidly dividing cells. Upon cell entry, activation of the H19 gene promoter-containing plasmids and DTA expression are limited to tumor cells, as high levels of H19 expression are only found in tu… |
BCG Solution |
A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis with potential immunostimulating activity. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical administration, attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall, inciting an antitumor granulomatous inflammatory reaction. |
BCG Tokyo-172 Strain Solution |
A solution containing an attenuated, live culture preparation of the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strain of Mycobacterium bovis obtained from the Pasteur Institute in 1924, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, upon intravesical instillation through a catheter, the attenuated, live BCG bacteria in the BCG Tokyo-172 strain solution come into direct contact with the bladder wall and elicits a local, multifaceted im… |
BCG Vaccine |
A vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, with non-specific immunoadjuvant and immunotherapeutic activities. Although the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is unclear, immunization with BCG vaccine likely activates a Th1 cytokine response that includes the induction of interferon. Vaccination with BCG vaccine may be immunoprotective against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor ABBV-453 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor ABBV-453 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores caspase-mediated apoptosis in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. Its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell su… |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor ABBV-623 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor ABBV-623 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores caspase-mediated apoptosis in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. Its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell su… |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor BCL201 |
A selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor BCL201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor LOXO-338 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor LOXO-338 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor TGRX-814 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor TGRX-814 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Bcl-2 Inhibitor TQB3909 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor TQB3909 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores caspase-mediated apoptosis in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis. Its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell sur… |
BCL2 Inhibitor VOB560 |
An inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Bcl-2 inhibitor VOB560 binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2, thereby restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in many cancer types and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor LP-118 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-extra large (Bcl-XL), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Bcl-2/Bcl-XL inhibitor LP-118 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, Bcl-2 family proteins overexpressed in many cancers, play important roles in the negative regulation of apoptosis. T… |
BCL6 Degrader ARV-393 |
An orally bioavailable, targeted degrader composed of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety that is conjugated, via a linker, to a B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (BCL6; BCL-6)-binding moiety using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of BCL6 degrader ARV-393, the BCL6-binding moiety specifically targets and binds to BCL6 on tumor cells while the E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety targets and binds to E3 ubiquitin li… |
BCL6 Degrader BMS-986458 |
An orally bioavailable ligand directed degrader (LDD) composed of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety that is conjugated, via a linker, to a B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (BCL6; BCL-6)-binding moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCL6 degrader BMS-986458 specifically and simultaneously targets and binds to BCL6 on tumor cells and to E3 ubiquitin ligase, thereby creating a ternary complex. This induces E3 ligase ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradat… |
Bcl-XL Proteolysis Targeting Chimera DT2216 |
An anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential pro-apoptotic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. DT2216 is composed of a Bcl-XL ligand attached to a Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ligase ligand. Upon administration of DT2216, the Bcl-XL binding moiety specifically targets and binds to Bcl-XL which is expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the t… |
Bcl-Xs Adenovirus Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of replication-defective recombinant adenovirus that encodes for Bcl-Xs with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with Bcl-Xs adenovirus vaccine induces apoptosis in Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL positive cancer cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth while leaving normal cells unaffected. Bcl-Xs block the function of the protooncogenes Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL which are overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors and promote cancer cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis. (NCI04) |
BCMA CART Cells Secreting Mutant PD-1Fc Fusion Protein |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) and secrete a fusion protein composed of programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed cell death-1) and a human immunoglobulin Fc region, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the BCMA CART cells secreting mutant PD-1Fc fusion protein, these T… |
BCMA-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the BCMA-CD19 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target an… |
BCMA-specific Universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes LCAR-BCX |
A preparation of universal T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, BCMA-specific universal CAR-expressing T-lymphocytes LCAR-BCX are directed to cells expressing BCMA and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for both a prolifera… |
BCMA-targeted LCAR-BCDR Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BCMA-targeted LCAR-BCDR cells specifically recognize and kill BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL)… |
BCMA-TGF-beta Insensitive Armored CAR T Cells |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and armored to be insensitive to the immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, BCMA-TGF-beta insensitive armored CAR T cells specific… |
BCR Signaling Pathway Inhibitor DZD8586 |
An inhibitor of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BCR signaling pathway inhibitor DZD8586 blocks signaling through the BCR signaling pathway. This prevents the proliferation of malignant B-cells in which the BCR signaling pathway is overactivated. DZD8586 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and thus potentially useful in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) metastases. |
Bcr-Abl (b2a2)-Derived Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of the bcr-abl b2a2 fusion oncoprotein, frequently expressed in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with the bcr-abl (b2a2)-derived peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the bcr-abl b2a2 fusion protein. Fusion genes in CML typically result from the fusion of either BCR exon b2 or BCR exon b3 to ABL exon a2, a ‘b3a2’ o… |
Bcr-Abl (b3a2)-Derived Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of the bcr-abl b3a2 fusion oncoprotein, frequently expressed in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with the bcr-abl (b3a2)-derived peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the bcr-abl b3a2 fusion protein. Fusion genes in CML typically result from the fusion of either BCR exon b2 or BCR exon b3 to ABL exon a2, a ‘b3a2’ o… |
BCR-ABL Inhibitor ELVN-001 |
An orally bioavailable, selective, active-form inhibitor of tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL inhibitor ELVN-001 specifically targets and binds to the ATP-binding site in the kinase domain of activated BCR-ABL1, thereby inhibiting the activity of both wild-type BCR-ABL and certain mutation forms, including the T315I mutation. This binding results in the inhibition of BCR-ABL-mediated proliferation and enhanced… |
BCR-ABL Inhibitor HS-10382 |
An orally bioavailable, allosteric tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL inhibitor HS-10382 targets and binds to the ABL myristoyl pocket, locking BCR-ABL into an inactive conformation, thereby inhibiting the activity of BCR-ABL and decreasing the proliferation of tumor cells. BCR-ABL fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by certain leukemia cells. |
BCR-ABL Inhibitor TGRX-678 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL inhibitor TGRX-678 specifically targets and binds to the myristate site at the C-terminal of the kinase domain, which results in the cross-linking of SH3 and SH2 domains to the kinase domain, and locks the kinase in its inactive state. This inhibits the activity of BCR-ABL, including the T315I gatekeeper residue mutation. The binding res… |
BCR-ABL p210-b3a2 Breakpoint-derived Pentapeptide Vaccine |
A multipeptide vaccine consisting of five peptides derived from the bcr-abl p210-b3a2 breakpoint fusion protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with bcr-abl p210-b3a2 breakpoint-derived multipeptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the bcr-abl p210-b3a2 breakpoint fusion protein. In chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), fusion genes typically result from the fusion of either bcr exo… |
BCR-ABL Peptide Vaccine |
A multivalent antineoplastic vaccine comprised of the bcr-abl oncogene breakpoint fusion peptide that elicits a bcr-abl specific T-cell immune response. (NCI04) |
BD2-selective BET Inhibitor NUV-868 |
An orally bioavailable BD2-selective inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BD2-selective BET inhibitor NUV-868 primarily targets and binds to the BD2 domain of the BRD4 BET protein, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of certain oncogenes, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell gro… |
Beauvericin |
A cyclic hexadepsipeptide antibiotic and mycotoxin isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana and various Fusarium fungal species. As a potassium-specific ionophore, beauvericin A increases intracellular calcium concentrations and triggers DNA fragmentation and apoptosis through a calcium dependent caspase 3-sensitive pathway. This agent has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04) |
BEBT-908 Free Base |
An inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PI3K/HDAC inhibitor BEBT-908 binds to and inhibits the activity and mediated signaling of both PI3K and HDAC. In addition, BEBT-908 may also inhibit other signaling pathways. This may prevent growth of PI3K and/or HDAC-expressing tumor cells. |
Becatecarin |
A synthetic diethylaminoethyl analogue of the indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic rebeccamycin. Becatecarin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Becotatug |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, becotatug targets, binds to and prevents the activation of EGFR. This inhibits EGFR-mediated signaling and proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In addition, JMT101 may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor… |
Becotatug Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of becotatug, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of becotatug vedotin, the monoclonal antibody moiety binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization, the MMAE moiety is rel… |
Befotertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, befotertinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, befotertinib may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. EGFR,… |
Belagenpumatucel-L |
A transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) antisense gene-modified allogeneic tumor cell vaccine with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Belagenpumatucel-L is prepared by transfecting allogeneic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with a plasmid containing a TGF-beta2 antisense transgene, expanding the cells, and then irradiating and freezing them. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against host NSCLC cells, resu… |
Belantamab Mafodotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of belantamab, an afucosylated, humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), conjugated to mafodotin, an auristatin analogue and microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of belantamab mafodotin, the anti-BCMA antibody moiety selectively binds to BCMA on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety binds to tubul… |
Belapectin |
A carbohydrate-based galectin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Belapectin binds to the carbohydrate-binding domain of galectins, especially galectin-3, and may result in an induction of apoptosis mediated through activation of both mitochondria and caspases. This may reduce tumor growth in galectin-overexpressing tumor cells. Galectins, often overexpressed on tumor cells, play a key role in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, tumor angiogenesis and evasion of immune respon… |
Belimumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against B-Lymphocyte stimulator protein (BlyS or TNFSF13B) with potential immunomodulating activity. Belimumab specifically recognizes and inhibits the biological activity of BlyS, thereby preventing the binding of BlyS to B-lymphocytes. This inhibits the maturation of B-lymphocytes and may induce apoptosis in B-lymphocytes. In addition, it may decrease B-lymphocyte proliferation and/or survival. BlyS, a member of TNF family supporting B-lymphoc… |
Belinostat |
A novel hydroxamic acid-type histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Belinostat targets HDAC enzymes, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, promoting cellular differentiation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. This agent may sensitize drug-resistant tumor cells to other antineoplastic agents, possibly through a mechanism involving the down-regulation of thymidylate synthase. |
Belotecan Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the semi-synthetic camptothecin analogue belotecan with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA complex is encountered by the DNA replication machinery, DNA replication is disrupted, and the tumor ce… |
Belrestotug |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and anti-tumor activities. Upon administration, belrestotug targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of … |
Belvarafenib |
An orally available inhibitor of members of the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, belvarafenib binds to and inhibits the B-Raf mutant V600E and C-Raf. This inhibits B-Raf V600E- and C-Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth of susceptible tumor cells. In addition, belvarafenib may also inhibit mutated Ras proteins. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the Raf/mitogen-activated … |
Belzupacap Sarotalocan |
A formulation composed of nanoparticles derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV-NPs) and conjugated to the infrared (IR)-activated fluorescent dye IR700 (IR-700), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravitreal injection of belzupacap sarotalocan, the HPV-NPs target and bind to heparan-sulfated proteoglycans (HSPG) expressed by ocular melanoma cells. Upon irradiation with near-IR (NIR) light, the photosensitizer IR700 becomes activated, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and… |
Belzutifan |
An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, belzutifan binds to and blocks the function of HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate hypoxic signaling. This inhibits cell growth and survival of HIF-2alpha-expre… |
Bemarituzumab |
A glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2b (FGFR2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemarituzumab specifically binds to and inhibits FGFR2b on tumor cell surfaces, which prevents FGFR2 from binding to its ligands, FGFR2b activation and the activation of FGFR2b-mediated signal transduction pathways. The binding of FPA144 to FGFR2b protein also induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity… |
Bemcentinib |
An orally available and selective inhibitor of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bemcentinib targets and binds to the intracellular catalytic kinase domain of AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, bemcentinib enhances chemo-sensitivity. AXL, a mem… |
Bempegaldesleukin |
A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) conjugated to six releasable polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of bempegaldesleukin, the IL-2 moiety binds to the IL-2 receptor beta subunit (IL2Rb; IL2Rbeta; CD122). The binding of IL-2 to IL2Rb activates IL2Rb-mediated signaling, which activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, and induces expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, su… |
Benaxibine |
A cyclophosphamide synergizer with antineoplastic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and immunopotentiating activity. Benaxibine is active against integrin alph-4 precursor. |
Bendamustine |
A bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylating and antimetabolite activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of bendamustine is unknown, this agent appears to alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis inhibition, and eventually the induction of apoptosis. |
Bendamustine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative with alkylator and antimetabolite activities. Bendamustine possesses three active moieties: an alkylating group; a benzimidazole ring, which may act as a purine analogue; and a butyric acid side chain. Although its exact mechanism of action is unknown this agent appears to act primarily as an alkylator. Bendamustine metabolites alkylate and crosslink macromolecules, resulting in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in… |
Bendamustine-containing Nanoparticle-based Formulation RXDX-107 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the alkyl ester of bendamustine, a bifunctional mechlorethamine derivative, encapsulated in human serum albumin (HSA), with potential alkylating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the alkyl ester bendamustine-containing nanoparticle formulation RXDX-107, the nanoparticle formulation permits high concentrations of the alkyl ester of bendamustine be localized at the tumor site. The modified bendamustine alkylates and crosslinks macr… |
Benmelstobart |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, benmelstobart specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation cause… |
Benzaldehyde Dimethane Sulfonate |
A dimethane sulfonate derivative and alkylating agent with a structure similar to other alkylating agents such as chlorambucil, busulfan and melphalan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, benzaldehyde dimethane sulfonate alkylates DNA, which results in DNA double strand breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, cell cycle arrest and cell death. In addition, this agent is metabolized by the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (A… |
Benzoylphenylurea |
A low molecular weight agent with antineoplastic activity. Benzoylphenylurea binds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin, thereby blocking tubulin polymerization and disrupting mitotic function. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, and has been shown to arrest leukemia cells in the G1-S transition phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
Berberine Chloride |
The orally bioavailable, hydrochloride salt form of berberine, a quaternary ammonium salt of an isoquinoline alkaloid and active component of various Chinese herbs, with potential antineoplastic, radiosensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipidemic and antidiabetic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which berberine exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration this agent appears to suppress the activation of various proteins and/or modulate the express… |
Bermekimab |
A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1a) and derived from human B-lymphocytes that were obtained from a natural human immune response against IL-1a, with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cachectic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, bermekimab targets, binds to and neutralizes IL-1a thereby preventing IL-1a activity. This prevents IL-1a-mediated inflammation, tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. In addition, b… |
Beroterkib Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of beroterkib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, beroterkib specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregul… |
Bersanlimab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1 or CD54), with potential antineoplastic activity. Bersanlimab selectively binds to the adhesion protein ICAM-1, which may result in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), hyper-cross-linking-induced apoptosis, and a decrease in cellular proliferation of ICAM-1-expressing tumor cells. ICAM-1, normally expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells, may be overexpressed in a variety of can… |
Berubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline derivative berubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Berubicin intercalates into DNA and interrupts topoisomerase II activity, resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. Unlike other anthracycline derivatives, this agent crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB). |
Berzosertib |
An inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3-related (ATR) kinase, a DNA damage response kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, berzosertib selectively binds to and inhibits ATR kinase activity and prevents ATR-mediated signaling in the ATR-checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) signaling pathway. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of c… |
BET Bromodomain Inhibitor ZEN-3694 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ZEN-3694 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an i… |
BET Inhibitor ABBV-744 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ABBV-744 preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of prol… |
BET Inhibitor BAY1238097 |
An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor BAY1238097 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes. This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, B… |
BET Inhibitor FT-1101 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor FT-1101 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomain sites of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to the i… |
BET Inhibitor GSK2820151 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor GSK2820151 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an… |
BET Inhibitor INCB054329 |
An inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB054329 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inh… |
BET Inhibitor INCB057643 |
An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of BRD-containing proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor INCB057643 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, such as c… |
BET Inhibitor JAB-8263 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, BET inhibitor JAB-8263 targets and binds to bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3, and 4 (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) as well as bromodomain testis-specific protein (BRDT), thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of… |
BET Inhibitor RO6870810 |
A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BET inhibitor RO6870810 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs found in the bromodomain of BET proteins, which prevents the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This interaction disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting g… |
BET Inhibitor TQB3617 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BET inhibitor TQB3617 targets and binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site in the bromodomains (BRDs), thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and suppresses the expression of certain oncogenes, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins, … |
BET/CBP/p300 Inhibitor EP31670 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomains (BRDs) of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins and the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BET/CBP/p300 inhibitor EP31670 targets and binds to the BET proteins bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3, and 4 (BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4) and bromodomain testis-specific protein (BRDT)… |
Beta Alethine |
A disulfide agent that stimulates T and B-cell functions and exhibits anti-tumor and immunostimulant activity. (NCI) |
Beta Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor CCI-001 |
A colchicine derivative and beta tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, beta tubulin polymerization inhibitor CCI-001 targets, binds to and inhibits beta-III tubulin (TUBB3), and prevents tubulin polymerization and destabilizes microtubules, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and an induction of cell death in cancer cells. TUBB3, overexpressed in many cancers, is associated with poor outcomes and a reduced… |
Beta-Carotene |
A naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA. This agent also induces cell differentiation and apoptosis of some tumor cell types, particularly in early stages of tumorigenesis, and enhances immune system activity by stimulating the release of natural killer cells, lymphocytes, and monocytes. (NCI04) |
Beta-elemene |
One of the isomers of elemene, a lipid soluble sesquiterpene and the active component isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma zedoariae with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which beta-elemene exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to induce apoptosis through different mechanisms of action and induces cell cycle arrest at different stages based on the tumor cell type involved. Beta-el… |
Beta-Glucan |
A polysaccharide isolated from the cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi with immunostimulant and antineoplastic activities. In a solubilized form, beta-glucan binds to a lectin site within complement receptor 3 (CR3) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to complement 3 (iC3b)-coated tumors. Thus, the attachment of beta-glucan to CR3 of circulating leukocytes simulates leukocytes to kill iC3b-coated tumor cells in th… |
Beta-Glucan MM-10-001 |
A powder formulation containing a triple helix beta-glucan, isolated from the cell walls of the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes), with potential immunostimulating activity. The beta-glucan in beta-glucan MM-10-001 binds to a lectin site within the complement receptor 3 (CR3 or iC3b receptor) on leukocytes, priming the receptor to trigger cytotoxic degranulation of leukocytes when leukocyte CR3 binds to iC3b-opsonized tumor cells. iC3b is the proteolyticly inactive product of the complemen… |
Betaglucin Gel |
A soluble gel containing the beta-glucan betaglucin, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon topical administration of the betaglucin gel, betaglucin is able to increase the number of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells and macrophages may kill a variety of tumor cells, and virally infected cells. This may treat human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anogenital warts. |
Beta-lapachone Prodrug ARQ 761 |
A synthetic, soluble prodrug of beta-lapachone, a poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. ARQ 761 is converted to beta-lapachone (b-lap) in vivo. When b-lap is activated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) this agent creates a futile oxidoreduction, generating highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that results in DNA damage. The activation of b-lap also causes hyperactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), an enzyme … |
Beta-Thioguanine Deoxyriboside |
A thiopurine nucleoside derivative with antineoplastic activity. After conversion to the triphosphate, beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside is incorporated into DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is cytotoxic against leukemia cell lines and has demonstrated some activity against leukemia cells in vivo. Beta-thioguanine deoxyriboside demonstrates antineoplastic activity against 6-thioguanine-resistant tumor cells. (NCI04) |
BET-bromodomain Inhibitor ODM-207 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BET inhibitor ODM-207 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression of oncogenic drivers that are important for cell proliferation and survival. Prev… |
Betifisolimab |
A second-generation, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Betifisolimab contains a unique, not as of yet elucidated, pH-dependent antigen binding property allowing the antibody to only bind to PD-L1 within the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), while it is not able to bind to PD-L1 in normal, health… |
Betulinic Acid |
A pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial apogenic factors, activation of caspases, and DNA fragmentation. Althou… |
Bevacizumab |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic cytokine. Bevacizumab binds to VEGF and inhibits VEGF receptor binding, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. |
Bevacizumab-IRDye 800CW |
An immunoconjugate and a fluorescent tracer consisting of the recombinant humanized anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody bevacizumab conjugated to the N-hydroxysuccinamide (NHS) ester form of the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye IRDye 800CW, that may be used for VEGF-specific tumor imaging. Upon administration, the bevacizumab moiety of bevacizumab-IRDye 800CW binds to VEGF and the fluorescent signal can be visualized using NIR fluorescence imaging (700-1,000 … |
Bexarotene |
A synthetic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, teratogenic and embryotoxic properties. Bexarotene selectively binds to and activates retinoid X receptors (RXRs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, apoptosis of some cancer cell types, and tumor regression. (NCI04) |
Bexirestrant |
An orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, bexirestrant specifically targets and binds to both wild-type and mutant forms of the estrogen receptor (ER; ERalpha), including the somatic mutations Y537S and D538G. This induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. Som… |
Bexmarilimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against common lymphatic endothelial and vascular endothelial receptor-1 (CLEVER-1; stabilin-1; FEEL-1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bexmarilimab targets and binds to CLEVER-1 that is expressed on tumor endothelial cells. This prevents the recruitment, infiltration and attachment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) at the tumor site. By preventing the binding of TAMs to tumor cells, the infiltration of a… |
Bezuclastinib |
An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor of mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigen mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, bezuclastinib binds to and inhibits specific c-Kit mutants. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these c-Kit mutations. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed in solid tumors and … |
BF-200 Gel Formulation |
A topical nanoemulsion-based gel formulation containing 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a metabolic precursor of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX, with a potential application for enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) for various precancerous and malignant skin lesions. After topical administration of a thick layer of the ALA-based BF-200 gel formulation to the affected area, ALA penetrates the skin and is intracellularly converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Exposure of PpIX to the proper e… |
BGT226 Maleate |
The maleate form of BGT226, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BGT226 specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability; apoptotic cell death may ensue. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins. |
BH3 Mimetic ABT-737 |
An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) Homology 3 (BH3) mimetic, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. ABT-737 binds to the hydrophobic groove of multiple members of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xl and Bcl-w. This inhibits the activity of these pro-survival proteins and restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells, via activation of Bak/Bax-mediated apoptosis. The pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins are overexpr… |
Bicalutamide |
A synthetic, nonsteroidal antiandrogen. Bicalutamide competitively binds to cytosolic androgen receptors in target tissues, thereby inhibiting the receptor binding of androgens. This agent does not bind to most mutated forms of androgen receptors. (NCI04) |
Bifunctional Expression Vector Plasmid DNA-bi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 Type 1 Lipoplex |
A proprietary plasmid DNA expression vector encoding bi-functional short hairpin RNAs (bi-shRNAs) targeting the identical type 1 translocation junction region of the human fusion oncogene Ewing sarcoma (EWS)/Ets family transcription factor Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1) and are encapsulated in liposomal delivery vehicle (lipoplex; LPX), with potential antineoplastic activity. pbi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 type 1 contains 2 stem-loop structures encoded by a plasmid vector: one cleavage-depend… |
Bifunctional TGF-beta Antagonist/IL-15 Protein Complex HCW9218 |
A heterodimeric, bifunctional fusion protein composed of the ectodomains of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor II (TGFbRII;TGFBR2) fused to a human immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15)/ IL-15 receptor alpha complex, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the bifunctional TGF-beta antagonist/IL-15 protein complex HCW9218, the TGFbRII moiety specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralize… |
Bimiralisib |
An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3K) and inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Bimiralisib inhibits the PI3K kinase isoforms alpha, beta, gamma and delta and, to a lesser extent, mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radio… |
Binetrakin |
A recombinant agent chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4). Produced primarily by activated T-cells, IL-4 binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of activated B-cells and enhancing their ability to present antigens to T-cells. As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, binetrakin also augments the effects of other cytokines on dendritic cells (DC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and tumor-infi… |
Binimetinib |
An orally available inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Binimetinib, noncompetitive with ATP, binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2. Inhibition of MEK1/2 prevents the activation of MEK1/2 dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling. This may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and an inhibition in produ… |
Bintrafusp Alfa |
A bifunctional fusion protein composed of an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) human monoclonal antibody, bound to the soluble extracellular domain of human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, bintrafusp alfa binds to and neutralizes activated TGFbeta and binds to PD-L1. This prevents TGFbeta- and PD-L1-mediated signaling, and increases natural killer (NK) … |
Birabresib |
A synthetic, small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins 2, 3 and 4 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, birabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promotin… |
Birinapant |
A synthetic small molecule that is both a peptidomimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a SMAC mimetic and IAP antagonist, birinapant selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (cIAP1) and 2 (cIAP2), with a greater effect on cIAP1 than cIAP2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from th… |
Biropepimut-S |
A proprietary, peptide cancer vaccine comprised of multiple peptides derived from human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3; MAGEA3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, biropepimut-S may stimulate the immune system to mount specific responses from B-cells, and CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cel… |
Bisantrene |
An anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the configuration of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Bisantrene Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenyl bishydrazone with antineoplastic activity. Bisantrene intercalates with and disrupts the helical structure of DNA, resulting in DNA single-strand breaks, DNA-protein crosslinking, and inhibition of DNA replication. This agent is similar to doxorubicin in activity, but unlike doxorubicin, does not exhibit cardiotoxicity. |
Bisnafide |
A bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity. |
Bisnafide Dimesylate |
The dimesylate salt form of bisnafide, a bis-naphthalimide compound with anticancer activity. Bisnafide selectively intercalates guanine-cytosine (GC) rich regions of DNA, thereby interfering with DNA replication machinery and activity of topoisomerase II. As a result, this agent causes potent cytotoxicity. |
Bispecific Antibody 2B1 |
A monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD16 and c-erbB-2, bispecific antibody 2B1 may enhance cellular immune responses against c-erbB-2-positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
Bispecific Antibody AGEN1223 |
A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens co-expressed specifically on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AGEN1223 targets and binds to the two antigens co-expressed specifically on tumor-infiltrating Tregs. This leads to the selective depletion of immunosuppressive Tregs in the tumor microenvironment (TME), while sparing peripheral Tregs an… |
Bispecific Antibody MDX447 |
An antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Specific for both the high-affinity immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor CD64 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), bispecific antibody MDX447 may enhance cellular immune responses against EGFR positive cells, resulting in increased tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
Bispecific Antibody MDX-H210 |
A humanized bivalent antibody directed against both cytotoxic effector cells expressing Fc gamma receptor type I (Fc gammaRI, or CD64) and HER2/neu-overexpressing tumor cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Bispecific antibody MDX-H210 was constructed by chemically linking Fab’ fragments of the anti-HER2/neu-specific monoclonal antibody 520C9 and the Fab’ fragments of the anti-Fc gammaRI-specific monoclonal antibody H22. This agent selectively binds to both HER2/neu-expressing tumor c… |
Bispecific Antibody QLF3108 |
A bispecific antibody that simultaneously binds to two different and as of yet undisclosed antigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bispecific antibody QLF3108 targets and binds to the two antigens expressed on T-cells and tumor cells respectively. This may activate T-cells to kill tumor cells expressing the specific tumor-associated antigen (TAA). |
Bispecific CD80-lgG4Fc-IL-2v Fusion Protein GI-102 |
A bi-specific Fc fusion protein composed of the N-terminal ectodomain of human CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) Fc fragment and linked to an interleukin (IL)-2 variant (IL-2v) as a C-terminal moiety, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of bispecific CD80-IgG4Fc-IL-2v fusion protein GI-102, the CD80 moiety targets and binds to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) expressed … |
Bisthianostat |
An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bisthianostat selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This prevents cell division, indu… |
Bivalent BRD4 Inhibitor AZD5153 |
An orally bioavailable bivalent inhibitor of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor AZD5153 selectively binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in two bromodomains in the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dysregulates expression of target genes, which leads to the downregulation of the expression of certa… |
Bivalent HPV16/18 Therapeutic Cervical Cancer Vaccine |
A bivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) therapeutic vaccine containing recombinant inactivated adenylate cyclase (CyaA) from Bordetella pertussis carrying a sequence encoding the E7 antigen of both HPV16 and 18, with potential immunostimulatory and antiviral properties. Upon administration of bivalent HPV16/18 therapeutic cervical cancer vaccine, the expressed proteins may activate cell-mediated immunity and induce both cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and CD4+ helper T cells against the target antigens … |
Bizalimogene Ralaplasmid |
A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, respectively, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, bizalimogene ralaplasmid expresses E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressing E6 and E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and HPV type 18 are the most common HP… |
Bizaxofusp |
A fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) linked to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon specific, high-affinity binding to IL-4 receptors located on the tumor cell surface., bizaxofusp is internalized; the exotoxin moiety then binds to translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which may result in ADP ribosylation, deactivation of EF-2, inhibition of protein synthesis, and tumor cell apoptosis. The Pseudomonas exotoxin moie… |
Bizelesin |
A synthetic cyclopropylpyrroloindole antineoplastic antibiotic. Bizelesin binds to the minor groove of DNA and induces interstrand cross-linking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. Bizelesin also enhances p53 and p21 induction and triggers G2/M cell-cycle arrest, resulting in cell senescence without apoptosis. (NCI04) |
BL22 Immunotoxin |
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody RFB4 fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A with potential antineoplastic activity. BL22 immunotoxin binds to CD22, an antigen expressed in B-cell malignancies, thereby delivering its toxin directly to tumor cells. The toxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also blocks translational elongation via binding to elongation factor-2 in… |
Black Cohosh |
A triterpene-containing herb isolated from the roots and rhizomes of the plant Cimicifuga racemosa (also known as Actaea racemosa). While the mechanism of action of black cohosh is not completely understood, it appears to act as a selective estrogen receptor modulator. In vitro, this preparation has been shown to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. (NCI04) |
Black Raspberry Nectar |
A concentrated fruit juice containing black raspberries, with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, anthocyanidins, and flavonoids. Upon oral administration, the phytochemicals in the black raspberry nectar inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis and the expression … |
Bleomycin |
A mixture of glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation. |
Bleomycin A2 |
The primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin A2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation. (NCI04) |
Bleomycin B2 |
One of the primary bleomycin species in bleomycin sulfate, a mixture of the sulfate salts of glycopeptide bleomycin A2 and B2 isolated from Streptomyces verticillus with potential antineoplastic activity. Bleomycin B2 forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and … |
Bleomycin Sulfate |
A mixture of the sulfate salts of basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Bleomycin sulfate forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA; these reactive oxygen species also induce lipid peroxidation, carbohydrate oxidation, and alterations in prostaglandin synthesis and degradation. |
Bleximenib |
An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor of the menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; mixed-lineage leukemia 1; MLL1; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A; KMT2A) proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, bleximenib inhibits the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of t… |
Blinatumomab |
A recombinant, single-chain, anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Blinatumomab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B cells. This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings CD19-expressing tumor B-cells and cytotoxic T lymphocyt… |
Blueberry Powder Supplement |
An orally available, dietary supplement consisting of lyophilized blueberry powder, with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activity. In addition to vitamins and minerals, blueberries are rich in phytonutrients, such as proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins (e.g. malvidin, delphinidin, pelargonidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and peonidin), hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, pterostilbene, resveratrol, and flavonols (e.g. kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin). Althoug… |
BMS-184476 |
A 7-methylthiomethyl ether derivative of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-184476 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI) |
BMS-188797 |
An analog of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. BMS-188797 binds to and stabilizes the resulting microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. (NCI) |
BMS-214662 |
A nonsedating benzodiazepine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Farnesyltransferase inhibitor BMS-214662 inhibits the enzyme farnesyltransferase and the post-translational farnesylation of number of proteins involved in signal transduction, which may result in the inhibition of Ras function and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. This agent may reverse the malignant phenotype of H-Ras-transformed cells and has been shown to be active against tumor cells with and without Ras … |
BMS-275183 |
An orally available, C-4 methyl carbonate analog of paclitaxel with potential antineoplastic activity. Like paclitaxel, BMS-275183 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis. |
Boanmycin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of boanmycin (aka bleomycin A6), a component of the antibiotic bleomycin produced by Streptomyces species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, boanmycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. This causes single- and double-stranded DNA breaks which eventually leads to cell death. Compared to bleomycin, boanmycin appears to have a more favorable toxicity profile. |
Bocodepsin Besylate |
The besylate form of bocodepsin, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) subtypes 1 and 4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration,bocodepsin targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC1/4. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This consequently results in a selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor… |
Boditrectinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, boditrectinib specifically targets and binds to TRK, TRK mutations and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of down… |
Bomedemstat |
An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, bomedemstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. In addition, LSD1 demethyla… |
Borofalan (10B) |
A boronated phenylalanine and boron (boron-10) carrier that may be used in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, borofalan (10B) is absorbed mostly by tumor cells. When exposed to neutron irradiation, borofalan (10B) absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and ‘recoil’ lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tu… |
Boronophenylalanine-Fructose Complex |
A boronated phenylalanine complexed with fructose to increase its solubility. When exposed to neutron irradiation, boronophenylalanine absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and ‘recoil’ lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues. |
Bortezomib |
A dipeptide boronic acid analogue with antineoplastic activity. Bortezomib reversibly inhibits the 26S proteasome, a large protease complex that degrades ubiquinated proteins. By blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, bortezomib disrupts various cell signaling pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis. Specifically, the agent inhibits nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, a protein that is constitutively activated in some cancers,… |
Boserolimab |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the cell surface antigen CD27, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, boserolimab targets and binds to CD27 on a variety of immune cell types, including most T-lymphocytes. This induces CD27-dependent signaling pathways and enhances T-cell-mediated responses, including the expansion of antigen-activated T-cells and the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD2… |
Bosmolisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, bosmolisib inhibits the activity of both PI3K-delta and DNA-PK. This prevents PI3K-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Specifically, since PI3K regulates c-myc expres… |
Bosutinib |
A synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence of the abnormal Bcr-abl fusion pro… |
Bosutinib Monohydrate |
The monohydrate form of bosutinib, a synthetic quinolone derivative and dual kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike imatinib, bosutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of both Abl and Src kinases, resulting in inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis. Because of the dual mechanism of action, this agent may have activity in resistant CML disease, other myeloid malignancies and solid tumors. Abl kinase is upregulated in the presence… |
Botanical Agent BEL-X-HG |
An orally available botanically-based agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the components in BEL-X-HG may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. |
Botanical Agent LEAC-102 |
A botanical-based formulation derived from the Taiwanese mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea, with potential antineoplastic activity, Upon administration, the components in LEAC-102 may exert cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. |
Botensilimab |
An Fc-engineered recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody botensilimab binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cance… |
Bovine Cartilage |
Cartilage extracted from various parts of a cow and is proposed to stimulate the immune system and inhibit tumor cell growth. It was used in the 1950s and 60s to enhance wound healing. (NCI) |
BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1 |
A combination agent composed of the benzo-poly-carbonic-acid polymer BP-Cx1 chelated to platinum with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intramuscular injection, the polymer moiety of BP-Cx1-Platinum Complex BP-C1 (BP-C1) alters the permeability of the cell membranes, which allows for increased penetration of platinum into tumor cells. In turn, platinum binds to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA and induces intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protei… |
BR96-Doxorubicin Immunoconjugate |
An antibody-drug conjugate composed of the chimeric monoclonal antibody BR96 chemically linked to the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin. The antibody moiety of BMS-182248-1 binds to Lewis Y, a cell surface antigen expressed on many solid tumor types. Thus, the doxorubicin conjugate is targeted specifically to Lewis Y-expressing tumor cells, where it intercalates with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, RNA synthesis and protein synthesis. (NCI) |
Brachyury-expressing Modified Vaccinia Ankara-TRICOM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine composed of a replication-deficient, attenuated derivative of the vaccinia virus strain Ankara expressing both a CD8+ T-cell epitope from the brachyury protein and a triad of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (MVA Brachyury-TRICOM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of the brachyury-expressing modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-TRICOM vaccine, the expressed brachyury protein induces specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell response… |
Brachyury-expressing Yeast Vaccine GI-6301 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed, recombinant form of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is genetically modified to express the transcription factor brachyury protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the brachyury-expressing yeast vaccine GI-6301 is recognized by dendritic cells, processed, and presented by Class I and II MHC molecules on the dendritic cell surface. This elicits a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune resp… |
BRAF Inhibitor ARQ 736 |
An orally bioavailable, highly soluble phosphate prodrug of B-raf (BRAF) protein kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF inhibitor ARQ 736 is converted into its active form ARQ 680 in the presence of phosphatases. In turn, ARQ 680 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of oncogenic B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells expressing mutated B-raf gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating th… |
BRAF Inhibitor LUT014 |
A topically bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential chemoprotective activity. Upon topical administration, BRAF inhibitor LUT014 targets and binds BRAF and, through the paradoxical effect of BRAF inhibition, induces mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which leads to the proliferation and migration of healthy human keratinocytes. This decreases dermal toxicities associated with epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in… |
BRAF V600E Degrader CFT1946 |
An orally bioavailable heterobifunctional protein degrader of the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutant V600E, with potential antineoplastic activity. CFT1946 is comprised of a cereblon (CRBN)-binding moiety and a BRAF V600E-binding moiety. Upon oral administration, BRAF V600E degrader CFT1946 targets and binds to BRAF V600E with its BRAF V600E-binding moiety. Upon BRAF V600E binding, the CRBN-binding moiety binds to CRBN, a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligas… |
BRAF V600E Inhibitor HLX208 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutant V600E, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BRAF V600E inhibitor HLX208 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF V600E kinase, which may result in the inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. BRAF belongs to the raf/mil fa… |
BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor ABM-1310 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor ABM-1310 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF(V600E) kinase, which may result in the inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. BRAF belongs to the ra… |
BRAF(V600E) Kinase Inhibitor RO5212054 |
An orally available small-molecule inhibitor of mutant (V600E) v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) with potential antineoplastic activity. BRAF(V600E) kinase inhibitor RO5212054 selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. The valine to glutamic acid sub… |
B-Raf/VEGFR-2 Inhibitor RAF265 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. CHIR-265 binds and inhibits Raf kinases, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth and proliferation, and tumor cell death. In addition, this agent inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR-2), thereby disrupting tumor angiogenesis. Raf kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are frequently upregulated in neoplasms. |
BRAF585-614 (V600E) Peptide |
A mutated neoantigen peptide consisting of amino acids 585 through 614 of the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF; B-raf) and containing the specific mutation V600E, and to which a histidine has been added to the N-terminus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the BRAF585-614 (V600E) peptide may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the mutate… |
BRAFV600/PI3K Inhibitor ASN003 |
A selective inhibitor of mutated forms of B-RAF kinase at amino acid position 600 (BRAFV600), including BRAFV600E, the alpha, delta and, to a lesser extent, beta isoforms of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), including mutated forms of PI3KCA, which encodes the p110-alpha catalytic subunit of the class I PI3K, and the phosphatase and tensin homologs (PTEN) with loss-of-function mutation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ASN003, this agent selectively targets,… |
Brain Tumor Initiating Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. BITCs are from the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell line GBM-6 and contain glioma stem-like cell-associated antigens. Upon administration, the BITC vaccine may stimulate a specific anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against brain tumor cancer cells and brain tumor stem like cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. BITC have unique antigeni… |
Branched-chain Amino Acid Supplement |
A nutritional supplement containing essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine and valine, with potential anti-cachectic, antiangiogenic, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) inhibiting and hepatoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, BCAAs inhibit the expression of both hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha subunit (HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which prevents VEGF-mediated angiogenesis in HCC cells. In addition, BCAAs inhibit prolifer… |
BRD4 Inhibitor PLX2853 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX2853 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and dyregulates gene expression. This may lead to the downregulation of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, w… |
BRD4 Inhibitor PLX51107 |
An inhibitor of the bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the BRD4 inhibitor PLX51107 binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of the BRD4 protein, thereby preventing the binding of BRD4 to acetylated lysines on histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of prol… |
BRD4 Protein Degrader RNK05047 |
A small molecule, chaperone-mediated protein degrader of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of BRD4 protein degrader RNK05047, a BRD4-binding moiety targets and binds to BRD4, and a chaperone-binding moiety targets and binds to the chaperone protein heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). This results in the Hsp90-mediated proteasomal degradation of BRD4 by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and dysregulates gene expression. T… |
BRD9 Degrader FHD-609 |
A protein degrader of bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9; sarcoma antigen NY-SAR-29; rhabdomyosarcoma antigen MU-RMS-40.8), with potential antineoplastic activity. FHD-609 is comprised of an E3 ligase-binding moiety and a BRD9-binding moiety. Upon administration, BRD9 degrader FHD-609 targets and binds to BRD9 with its BRD9-binding moiety. Upon BRD9 binding, the E3 ligase-binding moiety binds to a receptor on the E3 ligase complex which directs proteins for destruction, resulting in the d… |
Breflate |
A water soluble analogue of the antineoplastic agent brefeldin A (BFA). (NCI04) |
Brentuximab |
A genetically-engineered, chimeric mouse-human, anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab specifically binds to the receptor CD-30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, which may be overexpressed on the surfaces of Hodgkin lymphoma cells and anaplastic-large cell lymphoma cells. After binding to CD30, this agent interferes with the G1 phase of the cell cycle, thereby inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell … |
Brentuximab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor CD30 with potential antineoplastic activity. Brentuximab vedotin is generated by conjugating the chimeric anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody SGN-30 to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline peptide linker. Upon administration and internalization by CD30-positive tumor cells, brentuximab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage, releasing MMAE into the cytosol; MMAE binds to tu… |
Brequinar |
A synthetic quinolinecarboxylic acid analogue with antineoplastic properties. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04) |
Brequinar Sodium |
The sodium salt form of Brequinar. Brequinar inhibits the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby blocking de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. This agent may also enhance the in vivo antitumor effect of antineoplastic agents such as 5-FU. (NCI04) |
Brexucabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTL) that have been transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28 and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3 zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion and re-introduction of abrexucabtagene autoleucel into th… |
Briciclib Sodium |
A benzyl styryl sulfone analog, and a disodium phosphate ester prodrug of ON 013100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis, briciclib is converted to ON 013100, which blocks cyclin D mRNA translation and decreases protein expression of cyclin D. This may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells overexpressing cyclin D and eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. This agent may exhibit synergistic antitumor activity in combination with other chemotherapeuti… |
Brigatinib |
An orally available inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Brigatinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins as well as EGFR and mutant forms. This leads to the inhibition of ALK kinase and EGFR kinase, disrupts their signaling pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. In addition, AP26113 appears to overcome mutation-b… |
Brigimadlin |
An orally available inhibitor of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, brigimadlin binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Compared to currently available MDM2 inhibitors, the pharmacokinetic properties of … |
Brilanestrant |
An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, brilanestrant binds to the estrogen receptor and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This may inhibit the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Brimarafenib |
An orally available inhibitor of both monomer and dimer forms of activating mutations of the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF (B-raf) protein, including V600 BRAF mutations, non-V600 BRAF mutations, and RAF fusions, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, brimarafenib targets and binds to both monomeric and dimeric forms of activating BRAF mutations and fusions. This may result in the inhibition of BRAF-mediated signaling and inhibit proliferation in tumor cells expre… |
Briquilimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD117 (tyrosine-protein kinase KIT; c-Kit; mast/stem cell growth factor receptor; SCFR), that can potentially be used to deplete hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Upon administration, briquilimab targets and binds to CD117. This prevents the binding of stem cell factor (SCF) to its receptor CD117 on HSCs. As CD117 binding to SCF is critical for survival and maintenance of blood forming stem cells, blocking this interaction causes the HSCs that … |
Brivanib |
A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-540215 specifically targets and binds strongly to human VEGFR-2, a tyrosine kinase receptor and pro-angiogenic growth factor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells. Blockade of VEGFR-2 by this agent may lead to an inhibition of VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogene… |
Brivanib Alaninate |
The alaninate salt of a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Brivanib strongly binds to and inhibits VEGFR2, a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells; inhibition of VEGFR2 may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, inhibition of tumor cell growth, and tumor regression. |
Brivestobart |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, brivestobart targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the n… |
Brivudine |
A uridine derivative and nucleoside analog with pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing properties. In vitro, bromovinyl-deoxyuridine (BVDU) has been shown to downregulate the multifunctional DNA repair enzyme APEX nuclease 1, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit the expression of STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), which may result in the downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). BV… |
Brivudine Phosphoramidate |
A small molecule phosphoramidate derivative of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2’-deoxyuridine (BVdU) with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively active against tumor cells expressing high levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), brivudine is converted intracellularly by TS to bromovinyldeoxyuridine monophosphate (BVdUMP) which competes with the natural substrate, deoxyuridine monophosphate, for binding to TS. Unlike TS inhibitors, this agent is a reversible substrate for TS catalysis. Thus, TS reta… |
Broad-Spectrum Human Papillomavirus Vaccine V505 |
A non-infectious recombinant cancer vaccine prepared from the human papillomavirus (HPV) with potential immunoprophylactic activity. Vaccination with broad-spectrum human papillomavirus vaccine V505 may stimulate the host immune system to mount humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against HPV-infected cells. HPV infection, the cause of genital warts, is a risk factor for the development of cancers of the cervix, vagina, vulva, anus, and penis. |
Broccoli Sprout/Broccoli Seed Extract Supplement |
A tablet-based nutritional supplement composed of a mixture of sprout and seed extracts of the cruciferous vegetable broccoli, with potential chemopreventive and antioxidant activities. Broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract contains a high amount of both the glycosinolate glucoraphanin and the enzyme myrosinase, which catalyzes the production of glucoraphanin to sulforaphane. Upon administration of the broccoli sprout/broccoli seed extract, sulforaphane activates the transcription factor NF-E… |
Bromacrylide |
A propenamide-based agent with antineoplastic activity. Bromacrylide has been shown to decrease tumor growth in animal models, but is accompanied with severe toxicity, including severe bone marrow suppression and weight loss. |
Bromebric Acid |
A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic and antineoplastic activity. Bromebric acid appears to inhibit purine synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation and DNA synthesis. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth and causes cell cycle arrest. This agent may also have some use in the phrophylaxis of migraine. |
Bromelains/Boswellia Serrata Supplement |
A nutritional supplement composed of bromelains, enzymes found in pineapple juice and in the pineapple stem, and an extract from the boswellia serrata tree, that can potentially be used to reduce edema, paresthesia and pain. Upon oral administration of bromelains/boswellia serrata supplement, the bromelains may reduce inflammation, pain and swelling. The boswellia serrata extract containing active boswellic acids, appears to have anti-inflammatory effects, may suppress pain and reduce edema, … |
Bromocriptine Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of bromocriptine, a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with dopaminergic, antidyskinetic, and antiprolactinemic activities. Bromocriptine selectively binds to and activates postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors in the corpus striatum of the central nervous system (CNS). Activation of these D2 receptors activate inhibitory G-proteins, which inhibit adenylyl cyclase, preventing signal transduction mediated via cAMP and resulting in the inhibition of neurotransmission and an antidyskine… |
Brontictuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch-1 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, brontictuzumab binds to Notch-1 on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and tumor cell proliferation. Notch 1, a type 1 transmembrane protein belonging to the Notch family, functions as a receptor for membrane bound ligands and has various roles during development; dysregulated Notch signaling is associated with increased cell growth and c… |
Brostacillin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of brostacillin, a synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compa… |
Brostallicin |
A synthetic, alpha-bromoacrylic, second-generation minor groove binder (MGB), related to distamycin A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Brostallicin binds to DNA minor groove DNA, after having formed a highly reactive glutathione (GSH)-brostallicin complex in the presence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is overexpressed in cancer cells; DNA replication and cell division are inhibited, resulting in tumor cell death. Compared to typical MGBs, this agent appears to bi… |
Broxuridine |
A halogenated thymidine analogue with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Bromodeoxyuridine competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA, resulting in DNA mutation and the inhibition of cell proliferation. As a radiosensitizer, this agent is associated with the inhibition of repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks. |
Bruceanol A |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol B |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol C |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol D |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated form the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol E |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol F |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol G |
A natural quassinoid agent extracted from Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity that is cytotoxic to certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04) |
Bruceanol H |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Bruceantin |
A triterpene quassinoid antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the plant Brucea antidysenterica. Bruceantin inhibits the peptidyl transferase elongation reaction, resulting in decreased protein and DNA synthesis. Bruceantin also has antiamoebic and antimalarial activity. (NCI04) |
Bryostatin 1 |
A macrocyclic lactone isolated from the bryozoan Bugula neritina with antineoplastic activity. Bryostatin 1 binds to and inhibits the cell-signaling enzyme protein kinase C, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, the promotion of tumor cell differentiation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents. (NCI04) |
BTK Degrader ABBV-101 |
An orally bioavailable, targeted degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a BTK-binding moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of BTK degrader ABBV-101, the BTK-targeting moiety targets and binds to BTK, and the E3 ligase-binding moiety targets and binds to E3 ubiquitin ligase. This catalyzes ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degra… |
BTK Degrader AC0676 |
An orally bioavailable chimeric degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand conjugated to a BTK-binding ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK degrader AC0676 specifically targets and binds to, with its BTK-targeting moiety, wild-type (WT) and various mutant forms, including, but not limited to, C481S and L528W. Upon binding, the E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand moiety binds to E3 ubiquitin ligase. This catalyzes ubiqu… |
BTK Degrader BGB-16673 |
An orally bioavailable, targeted degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) by using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. BGB-16673 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a BTK-binding moiety. Upon oral administration, BTK degrader BGB-16673 targets and binds to BTK with its BTK-targeting moiety, thereby inhibiting its activity. Upon binding, the E3 … |
BTK Degrader HSK29116 |
An orally bioavailable chimeric targeting molecule (CTM) and targeted degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) by using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. HSK29116 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a BTK-binding moiety. Upon oral administration, BTK degrader HSK29116 targets and binds to BTK with its BTK-targeting moiety, thereby inhibiting … |
BTK Degrader NX-5948 |
An orally bioavailable chimeric targeting molecule (CTM) and targeted degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. NX-5948 is comprised of a cereblon (CRBN)-binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a BTK-binding moiety. Upon oral administration, BTK degrader NX-5948 targets and binds to BTK with its BTK-targeting moiety. Upon binding, the CRBN-binding moiety recruits CRBN, a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This catalyzes ubiqui… |
BTK Inhibitor ABBV-992 |
An orally bioavailable and irreversible covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor ABBV-992 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress B… |
BTK Inhibitor CT-1530 |
An inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CT-1530 binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplas… |
BTK Inhibitor DTRMWXHS-12 |
An orally available inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DTRMWXHS-12 inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the… |
BTK Inhibitor GB5121 |
An orally bioavailable, central nervous system (CNS)-penetrating, irreversible covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor GB5121 selectively targets, irriversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an in… |
BTK Inhibitor HMPL-760 |
A third-generation, reversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor HMPL-760 non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway an… |
BTK Inhibitor HZ-A-018 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor HZ-A-018 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-re… |
BTK Inhibitor JNJ-64264681 |
An orally bioavailable and irreversible covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTK inhibitor JNJ-64264681 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BT… |
BTK Inhibitor TL-895 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor TL-895 targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. This leads to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and inhibits cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, s… |
BTK Inhibitor TQB3702 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor TQB3702 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a memb… |
BTK Inhibitor TT-01488 |
An orally bioavailable reversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BTK inhibitor TT-01488 non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK, including the C481S mutated form, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and B… |
Budigalimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody ABBV-181 targets and binds to PD-1, thereby blocking its binding to the PD-1 ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and preventing the activation of PD-1/PD-L1 downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune fu… |
Budotitane |
A titanium metal complex, coordinated with asymmetric beta-diketonate ligands, with antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, budotitane potentially binds either to macromolecules via coordinative covalent bonds, or via intercalation between nucleic acids strands by the aromatic ring of the beta-diketonate. In addition, this agent appears to cause cardiac arrhythmias and is toxic to the liver and kidneys at higher doses. The development of budot… |
Bufalin |
An active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufalin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and can induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines through the activation of the transcription factor AP-1 via a mitogen activ… |
Bulumtatug Fuvedotin |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of bulumtatug, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4), site-specifically conjugated, via a linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of bulumtatug fuvedotin, the anti-nectin-4 antibody targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, MM… |
Buparlisib |
An orally bioavailable specific oral inhibitor of the pan-class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Buparlisib specifically inhibits class I PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell… |
Burixafor |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with receptor binding and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. Burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation; this may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow into blood. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupl… |
Burixafor Hydrobromide |
The hydrobromide salt form of burixafor, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-mobilization and chemosensitizing activities. Upon administration, burixafor binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation. This may induce the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow… |
Burosumab |
An orally bioavailable recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody directed against human fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), that can be used to increase serum phosphate levels. Upon subcutaneous administration, burosumab binds to and inhibits FGF23, thereby interfering with FGF23 signaling. This increases tubular phosphate reabsorption, decreases excretion of phosphate, and increases serum phosphate levels, resulting in enhanced bone mineralization. FGF23, a member of the fibro… |
Buserelin |
A synthetic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Buserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of buserelin results in sustained inhibition of gonadotropin production, suppression of testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis, and reduced levels of circulating gonadotropin and gonadal steroids. Buserelin is more potent that GnRH. (NCI04) |
Bushen Culuan Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction containing a mixture of ten Chinese herbs including Tusizi, Yinyanghuo, Xianmao, Xuduan, Gouqizi, Nvzhenzi, Zelan, Shengpuhuang, Xiangfu and Chuanshanlong, with potential to induce ovulation. Upon oral administration, Bushen Culuan decoction may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, depress follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, elevate anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, and increase the number of antral follicle counts (AFCs), the… |
Bushen-Jianpi Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is used for Yin deficiency of the liver, kidney and spleen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Bushen-Jianpi decoction (BSJPD; BJD) consists of various herbs, including, but not limited to, Radix Codonopsis (Dang Shen), Fructus Lycii (the fruit of Chinese wolfberry), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baishu; Bai Zhu), Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Cuscuta chinensis (Chinese dodder) seed, and Psoralea corylifolia Linn. As a TCM… |
Busulfan |
A synthetic derivative of dimethane-sulfonate with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, busulfan appears to act through the alkylation of DNA. Following systemic absorption of busulfan, carbonium ions are formed, resulting in DNA alkylation and DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription. (NCI04) |
Buthionine Sulfoximine |
A synthetic amino acid. Buthionine sulfoximine irreversibly inhibits gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase, thereby depleting cells of glutathione, a metabolite that plays a critical role in protecting cells against oxidative stress, and resulting in free radical-induced apoptosis. Elevated glutathione levels are associated with tumor cell resistance to alkylating agents and platinum compounds. By depleting cells of glutathione, this agent may enhance the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicities of vari… |
BXQ-350 Nanovesicle Formulation |
A stable, nanovesicle formulation composed of a synthetic form of the human glycoprotein saposin C (SapC) linked to the phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the BXQ-350 nanovesicle formulation selectively targets and preferentially accumulates in tumor vessels and cells, due to the leaky nature of tumor vasculature and the presence of phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids in tumor cell membranes. Upon binding to the … |
Cabazitaxel |
A semi-synthetic derivative of the natural taxoid 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabazitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, this agent is a poor substrate for the membrane-associated, multidrug resistance (MDR), P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for… |
Cabiralizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-CSF1R monoclonal antibody FPA008 binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and… |
Cabozantinib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KIT), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), … |
Cabozantinib S-malate |
The s-malate salt form of cabozantinib, an orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Cabozantinib strongly binds to and inhibits several RTKs, which are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET), RET (rearranged during transfection), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor types 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2), and 3 (VEGFR-3), mast/stem cell growth factor (KI… |
Cactinomycin |
A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces chrysomallus. Cactinomycin binds to DNA by intercalating between guanine and cytosine, forming stable antibiotic-DNA complexes that inhibit RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Cadonilimab |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cadonilimab targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation an… |
Cafelkibart |
A monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cafelkibart targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. This may reactivate antitumor immune responses. CCR8 is specifically expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tregs in multiple types … |
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester |
The phenethyl alcohol ester of caffeic acid and a bioactive component of honeybee hive propolis, with antineoplastic, cytoprotective and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) inhibits the activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa B and may suppress p70S6K and Akt-driven signaling pathways. In addition, CAPE inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells through the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase… |
CAIX Inhibitor DTP348 |
An orally bioavailable, nitroimidazole-based sulfamide, carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor DTP348 inhibits tumor-associated CAIX, a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents the acidification of the tumor’s extracellular microenvironment and decreases the in… |
CAIX Inhibitor SLC-0111 |
A sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CAIX inhibitor SLC-0111 inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein that catalyzes the reversible reaction and rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions. This prevents both the acidification of the tumor’s extracellular microenvironment and cytoplasmic alkalization. This incre… |
Calaspargase Pegol |
An intravenous formulation containing E.coli-derived L-asparaginase II conjugated with succinimidyl carbonate monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (SC-PEG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of calaspargase pegol, L-asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting cells of asparagine; asparagine depletion blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and ultimately induces tumor cel… |
Calcitriol |
A synthetic physiologically-active analog of vitamin D, specifically the vitamin D3 form. Calcitriol regulates calcium in vivo by promoting absorption in the intestine, reabsorption in the kidneys, and, along with parathyroid hormone, regulation of bone growth. A calcitriol receptor-binding protein appears to exist in the mucosa of human intestine. Calcitriol also induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, resulting in inhibition of prol… |
Calcium Release-activated Channels Inhibitor RP4010 |
A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RP4010 binds to and inhibits CRACs, thereby preventing the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into the cell and inhibiting the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and transcription of target genes. CRACs, specialized plasma membrane Ca2+ ion channels composed of the plasma membrane based Orai channels and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stromal interaction molecul… |
Calcium Saccharate |
The calcium salt form of glucaric acid, a natural substance found in many fruits and vegetables, with potential anti-cancer property. One of the key processes in which the human body eliminates toxic chemicals as well as hormones (such as estrogen) is by attaching glucuronic acid to them in the liver and then excreting the complex in the bile. When beta-glucuronidase breaks the bond, it prolongs the stay of the hormone or toxic chemical in the body. Elevated beta-glucuronidase activity has be… |
Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha Capsule |
An orally available traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based capsule formulation containing Calculus bovis, the dried gallstones of cattle, Moschus, also referred to as deer musk, the resin Olibanum and the resin Myrrha, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Although the exact mechanisms of action through which the active ingredients in the Calculus bovis/Moschus/Olibanum/Myrrha capsule elicit their effects have yet to be fully elucidated, they may, upon intake, exert … |
Caldonirimab |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, caldonirimab targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation a… |
Calicheamicin Gamma 1I |
An oligosaccharide enediyne antitumor antibiotic isolated from Micromonospora echinospora ssp. Calichensis. Calicheamicin Gamma 1I binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in site-specific double-strand breaks and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Calotatug Ginistinag |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of HT-19, a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), linked to a payload composed of an agonist for the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immuno-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of calotatug ginistinag, the anti-HER2 antibody moiety targets and binds to H… |
CALR Exon 9 Mutant Peptide Vaccine/Montanide ISA-51 |
A peptide vaccine consisting of a calreticulin (CALR) mutant peptide, CALRLong36, and montanide ISA 51 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, the CALR exon 9 mutant peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated response against tumor cells harboring mutations in exon 9 of the calreticulin gene. CALR, an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein that normally facilitates protein folding, immune response, and hematopoiesis… |
Cambritaxestat |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of autotaxin (ATX; ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2; ENPP2), with potential antifibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, cambritaxestat targets and binds to both the substrate pocket and the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) carrier channel of ATX, thereby inhibiting the activity of ATX. This both directly inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells and reduces fibrosis in the tumor microenvironme… |
Camibirstat |
An orally bioavailable, allosteric, small molecule inhibitor of transcription activator BRG1 (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4; SMARCA4) and BRM (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 2; SMARCA2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, camibirstat targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of BRG1 and/or BRM, the primary ATPase components and mutually… |
Camidanlumab Tesirine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha or CD25) and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a synthetic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer that targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of the anti-CD25 antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) ADCT-301 specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD25. Thi… |
Camizestrant |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, camizestrant binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Camonsertib |
An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, camonsertib selectively targets and inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell ap… |
Camoteskimab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, camoteskimab selectively targets and binds to IL-18, thereby inhibiting IL-18-mediated signaling and inflammation mediated by this pathway. In addition, this may inhibit IL-18-mediated immunosuppression in the multiple myeloma microenvironment. IL-18 is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytoki… |
Camptothecin |
An alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. (NCI) |
Camptothecin Analogue TLC388 |
A synthetic analogue of camptothecin with potential antineoplastic and radio-sensitizing activities. Camptothecin analogue TLC388 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S-phase, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Topoisomerase I relaxes negative super-coiled DNA during replication and transcription. This agen… |
Camptothecin Sodium |
The sodium salt of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. The sodium salt of camptothecin is more water-soluble than th… |
Camptothecin-20(S)-O-Propionate Hydrate |
The hydrated, crystalline propionate ester (attached in position C-20) prodrug of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon entry into cells, camptothecin-20(S)-O-propionate is hydrolyzed by esterases into the active form camptothecin. Camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing poten… |
Camrelizumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1,) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody SHR-1210 binds to and blocks the binding of PD-1, expressed on activated T-lymphocytes, B-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, to its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death lig… |
Camsirubicin |
A synthetic non-cardiotoxic analogue of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Camsirubicin intercalates DNA and impedes the activity of topoisomerase II, inducing single and double-stranded breaks in DNA; inhibiting DNA replication and/or repair, transcription, and protein synthesis; and activating tumor cell apoptosis. |
Canarypox-hIL-12 Melanoma Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a replication-defective recombinant canarypox virus (ALVAC) that encodes the gene for human interleukin-12 (hIL-12). Produced mainly by B-cells, IL-12 is an endogenous cytokine that activates natural killer (NK) cells, promotes cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, induces the release of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and may exhibit antitumor and anti-angiogenic effects. Vaccination with canarypox-hIL-12 melanoma vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to moun… |
Cancell |
Cancell (Entelev or Cantron), is a liquid that has been produced in various forms, principally by two manufacturers, since the late 1930s. The exact composition of Cancell/Entelev is unknown, but the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed the components as inositol, nitric acid, sodium sulfite, potassium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and catechol. NCI studies determined that the mixture lacked substantial antitumor activity. (from CancerNet) |
Cancer Cell Metabolism Modulator OMT-111 |
A cancer cell metabolism modulator, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OMT-111 inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDH), resulting in the activation of the citric acid cycle in mitochondria, which leads to the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A). This may result in decreased expression of HIF1A downstream target genes important to tumor growth and survival, a reduction in tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. OMT… |
Cancer Peptide Vaccine S-588410 |
A cancer peptide vaccine containing five human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402-restricted epitope peptides derived from as of yet not disclosed oncoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cancer peptide vaccine S-588410, the peptides may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the antigens. This decreases proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. |
Canerpaturev |
A non-engineered, naturally oncolytic, replication-competent spontaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I mutant variant. Upon intratumoral injection, canerpaturev transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase host immune responses that may kill non-infected tumor cells. |
Canertinib Dihydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an orally bio-available quinazoline with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. Canertinib binds to the intracellular domains of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (ErbB family), irreversibly inhibiting their signal transduction functions and resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and suppression of tumor cell proliferation. This agent also acts as a radiosensitizing agent and displays synergistic activity with other chemotherapeutic agents. |
Canfosfamide |
A modified glutathione analogue and nitrogen mustard prodrug, with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor cell proliferation. Glutathione S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies. |
Canfosfamide Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a modified glutathione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Canfosfamide is selectively activated by glutathione S-transferase P1-1 into an alkylating metabolite that forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in tumor cell DNA, which may induce a cellular stress response and cytotoxicity, and decrease tumor proliferation. S-transferase P1-1 is an enzyme that is overexpressed in many human malignancies. |
Cannabidiol |
A phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis species, which is devoid of psychoactive activity, with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration, cannabidiol (CBD) exerts its anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activity through various mechanisms, which likely do not involve signaling by cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), CB2, or vanilloid receptor 1. CBD stimulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inhibits AKT/mTOR signaling,… |
Cantrixil |
A cyclodextrin-encapsulated, third generation super-benzopyran (SBP) compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration, cantrixil enhances the activation and expression of c-Jun, downregulates phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and induces activation of caspase-3, -7 and -9, thereby inducing tumor cell apoptosis. c-Jun, an activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor component, is involved in a wide range of cellular process… |
Cantuzumab Ravtansine |
An immunotoxin of a humanized monoclonal antibody C242 (MoAb HuC242) conjugated to a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine, DM4, with potential antitumor activity. Cantuzumab ravtansine is generated from MoAb C242, which is raised against a cell surface superantigen, CA242, found in a variety of human tumor cells. Upon binding and entry, the immunoconjugate releases the maytansinoid agent DM4, which binds to tubulin, thereby affecting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a res… |
Capecitabine |
A fluoropyrimidine carbamate belonging to the class of antineoplastic agents called antimetabolites. As a prodrug, capecitabine is selectively activated by tumor cells to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by reducing normal thymidine production, while … |
Capecitabine Rapidly Disintegrating Tablet |
A rapidly disintegrating film-coated tablet composed of the fluoropyrimidine carbamate antimetabolite capecitabine with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, capecitabine is converted to 5’-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5’-DFCR) by hepatic carboxylesterase and then to 5’-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5’-DFUR) by cytidine deaminase and is eventually activated by thymidine phosphorylase to its cytotoxic moiety, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-d… |
Capivasertib |
A novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivative, and an orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capivasertib binds to and inhibits all AKT isoforms. Inhibition of AKT prevents the phosphorylation of AKT substrates that mediate cellular processes, such as cell division, apoptosis, and glucose and fatty acid metabolism. A wide range of solid and hematological malignancies show dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling due … |
Capmatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Capmatinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types… |
Capsase-9-PP2A Interaction Inhibitor PEP-010 |
A cell penetrating and interfering peptide composed of a cell-penetrating part that delivers the peptide into the cellular cytosol and an interfering part that inhibits the interaction between the proteins intracellular caspase-9 and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the cell-penetrating part of capsase-9-PP2A interaction inhibitor PEP-010 delivers the peptide into the cellular cytosol and the interfering part of PEP-010 disru… |
Captopril |
A sulfhydryl-containing analog of proline with antihypertensive activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Captopril competitively inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), thereby decreasing levels of angiotensin II, increasing plasma renin activity, and decreasing aldosterone secretion. This agent may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and endothelial cell migration. Captopril may also exhibit antineoplastic activity ind… |
CAR NK Cells SZ003 |
A preparation of natural killer cells (NKs) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CAR NK cells SZ003 recognize and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
CAR T-Cells AMG 119 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the CAR T-cells AMG 119, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Caracemide |
An agent derived from acetohydroxamic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Caracemide inhibits ribonuclease reductase, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor growth; it also inhibits acetylcholinesterase. In vivo, caracemide contributes to the formation of the neurotoxin methyl isocyanate; this effect, along with the agent’s acetylcholinesterase activity, may be responsible for the severe central nervous system toxicity observed in clinical trials. (NCI04) |
Carbendazim |
A broad-spectrum benzimidazole antifungal with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, carbendazim appears to binds to an unspecified site on tubulin and suppresses microtubule assembly dynamic. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and an induction of apoptosis. |
Carbetimer |
Carbetimer (carboxyimamidate) is a low molecular weight derivatized copolymer of ethylene and maleic anhydride. It has demonstrated antitumor activity against several animal models. It has calcium chelation activity but seems to inhibit growth of sensitive cells by disrupting nucleoside uptake and metabolism. |
Carbogen |
An inhalant consisting of hyperoxic gas (95%-98% oxygen and 2%-5% carbon dioxide) with radiosensitizing properties. Inhaled carbogen reduces diffusion-limited tumor hypoxia, increasing tumor radiosensitivity due to the increased availability of molecular oxygen for cytotoxic radiation-induced oxygen free radical production. (NCI04) |
Carbon C 11 YJH08 |
A radioconjugate composed of YJH08, a synthetic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist, labeled with the positron-emitting isotope carbon C 11, with potential use in imaging via positron emission tomography (PET). Upon intravenous administration of carbon C 11 YJH08, the YJH08 moiety targets and binds to GR on tumor cells. Upon PET imaging, this radioligand may allow for the assessment of GR-expressing tumor cells. This also allows assessment of YJH08’s pharmacokinetic profile and affinity of … |
Carbon C 14 Eribulin Acetate |
A radioconjugate containing the acetate salt of eribulin, labeled with the beta particle-emitting radioisotope carbon C 14, with radioisotopic and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression. The radioisotope moiety of this ag… |
Carbon C 14 Fluzoparib |
An orally bioavailable radioconjugate composed of fluzoparib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2, radiolabeled with the radioisotope carbon C 14, with potential use for evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of fluzoparib. Upon administration of carbon C 14 fluzoparib, fluzoparib targets, binds to and inhibits PARP, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Labeling of fluzoparib with the radioactive tracer car… |
Carbon C 14 Ombrabulin |
A synthetic water-soluble analogue of combretastatin A4, derived from the South African willow bush (Combretum caffrum), labeled with carbon C 14 with potential antineoplastic activity. The ombrabulin moiety of carbon C 14 ombrabulin binds to the colchicine binding site of endothelial cell tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization and inducing mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; t… |
Carbon C 14-pamiparib |
An orally bioavailable radioconjugate composed of pamiparib, a nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, radiolabeled with the radioisotope carbon C 14, with potential use for evaluating the pharmacokinetic profile of pamiparib. Pamiparib targets, binds to and inhibits PARP, which results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. Labeling of pamiparib with the radioactive tracer carbon C 14 allows for the evaluation of pamiparib’s pharmacokinetic profile, … |
Carbon C11 Temozolomide |
A radioconjugate composed of temozolomide, a imidazotetrazine analog of dacarbazine, labeled with the radioisotope carbon C11, with potential positron emission tomography (PET) imaging activity. As a cytotoxic alkylating agent, temozolomide is hydrolyzed at physiologic pH to the pharmacologically active compound, 5-(3-methyl-(triazen-1-yl)-imidazole)-4-carboxamide (MTIC). MTIC is further hydrolyzed to 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC) and a methyldiazonium cation. The cation is able to met… |
Carbon C-14 Dacomitinib |
A radioconjugate consisting of an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (erbB or HER) family of tyrosine kinases radiolabeled with carbon-14 with potential antineoplastic and beta-emitting radioisotope activity. PF-00299804 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human Her-1, Her-2, and Her-4, resulting in the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. The HER receptor family of tyrosine ki… |
Carbon-11 Acetate |
The acetate salt of the radioisotope carbon-11. Although the mechanism is unclear, carbon-11 acetate preferentially accumulates in tumor tissue, serving as a tracer for imaging tumors with positron emission tomography (PET). (NCI04) |
Carboplatin |
A second-generation platinum compound with a broad spectrum of antineoplastic properties. Carboplatin contains a platinum atom complexed with two ammonia groups and a cyclobutane-dicarboxyl residue. This agent is activated intracellularly to form reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, thereby inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These carboplatin-induced DNA and protein effects result i… |
Carboquone |
An aziridinylbenzoquinone-based alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. The alkylating group in carboquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent’s cytotoxic activity. |
Carboxyamidotriazole |
An orally-active agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated Ca2+ channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling, endothelial proliferation, and angiogenesis. This agent may also inhibit tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis. (NCI04) |
Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate |
The orotate salt form of carboxyamidotriazole (CAI), an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activities. Carboxyamidotriazole binds to and inhibits non-voltage-operated calcium channels, blocking both Ca2+ influx into cells and Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, resulting in the disruption of calcium channel-mediated signal transduction. CAI inhibits PI3 activity and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. This may inhibit en… |
Carboxyphenyl Retinamide |
A synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Carboxyphenyl retinamide induces cell differentiation and inhibits tumor cell growth and carcinogenesis. This agent may also induce cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in some cancer cell types. (NCI04) |
Carboxyphthalato-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneplatinum |
A second-generation platinum analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Carboxyphthalato-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneplatinum alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks, and inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04) |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen Peptide 1 |
A nine amino acid peptide fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal, breast, and non-small cell lung. Autologous vaccination with activated autologous dendritic cells (DC) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which have been exposed to CEA peptide 1 in vitro may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing CEA, thereby inhibitin… |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen Peptide 1-6D |
A 9-residue human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Vaccination with carcinoembryonic antigen peptide 1-6D, which has the amino acid sequence YLSGANLNL, may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumors expressing CEA. |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen Peptide 1-6D Virus-Like Replicon Particles Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine, consisting of alphavirus vector-derived virus-like replicon particles expressing the 9-amino-acid carcinoembryonic antigen peptide (CAP) 1-6D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against CEA-expressing tumor cells. |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen RNA-pulsed DC Cancer Vaccine |
A vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells pulsed with mRNA-encoded Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) targeting tumor cells expressing CEA. (NCI) |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Expressing Measles Virus |
An attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus (MV) encoding the soluble extracellular N-terminal domain of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (MV-CEA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The cellular receptor of MV is human CD46 antigen, a type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein found on nearly all human tissues and overexpressed on many cancer cell types. Mediated through CD46, both haemagglutinin and fusion glycoproteins of MV are required for the attachment to and fusi… |
CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 Complex Inhibitor XL114 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 11 (CARD11; CARMA1)-B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (BCL10)-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 complex inhibitor XL114 inhibits the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 complex and the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 signaling pathway. This prevents the proliferation of susceptible cancer cells. The CARD11-BCL1… |
Carfilzomib |
An epoxomicin derivate with potential antineoplastic activity. Carfilzomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome, a protease complex responsible for degrading a large variety of cellular proteins. Inhibition of proteasome-mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of polyubiquinated proteins, which may lead to cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor growth. |
Caricotamide/Tretazicar |
A combination therapy consisting of the prodrug tretazicar and the enzyme co-substrate caricotamide with potential antineoplastic activity. In the presence of separately and simultaneously administered caricotamide, tretazicar is converted to the short-lived cytotoxic DNA cross-linking agent dinitrobenzamide by NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2), resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. NQO2 has been found to be elevated in certain cancers such as he… |
Carlumab |
A human IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against human CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Carlumab binds to and inhibits CLL2, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and, so, tumor cell proliferation. Endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP1) is a member of the beta-chemokine family, can stimulate monocyte/macrophage migration and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and plays a role in angiogenesis and tumor cell mig… |
Carmofur |
An antimetabolite (pyrimidine analogue) antineoplastic derivative of 5-fluorouracil. (NCI) |
Carmustine |
An antineoplastic nitrosourea. Carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04) |
Carmustine Implant |
A synthetic, biodegradable wafer containing the agent carmustine with antineoplastic activity. Used to deliver drug directly into a brain tumor site and typically implanted post-surgically, the wafer is made of a biodegradable poly-anhydride copolymer and contains the nitrosourea carmustine. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also… |
Carmustine in Ethanol |
A formulation containing carmustine dissolved in ethanol for intra-tumoral administration that allows carmustine to enter both aqueous and lipid compartments of the target tissue. As an antineoplastic nitrosourea, carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Carmustine also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is hig… |
Carmustine Sustained-Release Implant Wafer |
A sustained release (SR) implant wafer containing the lipophilic nitrosourea carmustine (BCNU) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intracranial administration of the implant wafer and subsequent release of BCNU from the wafer, this agent alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in the disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This wafer contains the biodegradable copolymer PLGA (poly(lactide-co-glycolide) as the major drug delivery vehicl… |
CAR-NK Cells SZ011 |
A preparation of natural killer cells (NKs) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for an as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CAR-NK cells SZ011 recognize and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Carotuximab |
A human/murine chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against endoglin (CD105) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Carotuximab binds to endoglin, which may result in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. The glycoprotein endoglin is a transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) accessory receptor that is highly expressed on tumor vessel endothelial cells and appears to be essential for angiogenesis. |
Carrageenan-containing Gel |
A water-based, vaginal moisturizing gel containing a mixture of lambda- and kappa- carrageenans, sulfated polysaccharides derived from red seaweed (Chondrus crispus), with potential microbicidal activity against various viruses, including human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiencyvirus (HIV) and human herpes simplex virus (HSV). Upon vaginal insertion via an applicator, carrageenan specifically binds to the viral capsids, which prevents the binding of virions to heparan sulfate proteo… |
Carubicin |
An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura carminata. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Carubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic carubicin. Carubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. |
Carzelesin |
A cyclopropylpyrroloindole prodrug analogue and DNA minor groove binding agent, with antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis, the cyclopropyl group of carzelesin alkylates N3-adenine in a sequence-selective fashion. This results in tumor growth inhibition. |
Carzinophilin |
An ethylenimine antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces sahachiroi. Carzinophilin forms interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Casdatifan |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, casdatifan targets and allosterically binds to a hydrophobic pocket on HIF-2alpha leading to a confirmational change that prevents HIF-2alpha heterodimerization with HIF-1beta and binding to the hypoxia response element (HRE) binding site on DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many… |
Catequentinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of catequentinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, catequentinib targets multiple RTKs, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) and type 3 (VEGFR3). This agent may both inhibit angiogenesis and halt tumor cell growth. |
Cationic Liposome-Encapsulated Paclitaxel |
A cationic liposome preparation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel, the active ingredient in cationic liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel, binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of mitosis and cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Cationic liposome encapsulation of paclitaxel allows the delivery of high doses of paclitaxel to target tissues while minimizing systemic toxicity. Tumor endothelial cells may preferentially bind … |
Cationic Peptide Cream Cypep-1 |
A topical cream containing Cypep-1, a cationic lytic peptide of 27 amino acids, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, Cypep-1 selectively targets tumor cells with negatively charged cell membranes and ruptures the cell membranes. This leads to tumor cell lysis and the release of neoantigens into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and circulation. This elicits a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantige… |
Catumaxomab |
A trifunctional bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Catumaxomab has two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen; and one for human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), a cell surface antigen expressed by a variety of epithelial tumor cells. In addition, the modified Fc portion of this antibody binds Fc receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Catumaxomab brings T cells, E… |
Caxmotabart Entudotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), site-specifically conjugated, via a tumor-selective beta-glucuronide linker, to the auristatin analog and potent microtubule inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of caxmotabart entudotin, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 exp… |
CBL-B Inhibitor HST-1011 |
An orally bioavailable, allosteric, small-molecule inhibitor of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (CBL-B), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CBL-B inhibitor HST-1011 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CBL-B, which may result in immune activation, the infiltration of natural killer (NK) cells and activated CD8+ T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the inhibition of tumor growth. CBL-B, an E3 ubiquitin liga… |
CBL-B Inhibitor NX-1607 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (CBL-B), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CBL-B inhibitor NX-1607 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CBL-B, which may result in immune activation, the infiltration of natural killer (NK) cells and activated CD8+ T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the inhibition of tumor growth. CBL-B, an E3 ubiquitin ligase expressed … |
CBL-B Inhibitor-treated Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes DeTIL-0255 |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from a patient’s tumor that have been treated ex vivo during cell expansion with NX-0255, an inhibitor of Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene-b (CBL-B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CBL-B inhibitor-treated autologous TILs DeTIL-0255 specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. NX-0255 enhances TIL expansion and the tumor-killing ability of th… |
CBP/beta-catenin Modulator E7386 |
An orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CBP/beta-catenin modulator E7386 inhibits beta-catenin and prevents the interaction of beta-catenin with its transcriptional coactivator, CREB (cAMP response element-binding) binding protein (CBP). This prevents binding of beta-catenin/CBP to WRE (Wnt-responsive element), and inhibits the activation of transcription of a wide range o… |
CBP/p300 Bromodomain Inhibitor AUR-107 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, CREB binding protein (CBP; CREBBP) and p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CBP/p300 bromodomain inhibitor AUR-107 targets and binds to the bromodomains of CBP and p300. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins and decreases regulatory T-cells (Tregs) generation, inhibits its s… |
CBP/p300 Bromodomain Inhibitor OPN-6602 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the bromodomain of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; EP300; p300 HAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CBP/p300 bromodomain inhibitor OPN-6602 targets and binds to the bromodomains of p300 and CBP. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins, prevents the co-activation of key transcription factors that contribute to… |
CCL21-expressing H1944 Cell Vaccine |
A cancer cell vaccine comprised of the allogeneic human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1944 that has been transduced ex vivo with adenoviral vector encoding human cytokine chemokine C-C motif ligand 21 (CCL21), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CCL21-expressing H1944 cell vaccine expresses the chemokine CCL21, which may induce an antitumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response in the tumor microenvironment. CCL21 has been shown to attract a… |
CCR2 Antagonist CCX872-B |
An orally available human C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist CCX872-B specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents the binding its cognate endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1). This may result in the inhibition of both CCR2 activation and CCR2-mediated signal transduction, which may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tum… |
CCR2 Antagonist PF-04136309 |
An orally available human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR2 antagonist PF-04136309 specifically binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived chemokine ligand CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and signal transduction. This may inhibit inflammatory processes as well as angiogenesis, tumor cell … |
CCR2/CCR5 Antagonist BMS-813160 |
An antagonist of both human C-C chemokine receptor types 2 (CCR2; CD192) and 5 (CCR5; CD195), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CCR2/CCR5 antagonist BMS-813160 specifically binds and prevents the activation of both CCR2 and CCR5. This inhibits the activation of CCR2/CCR5-mediated signal transduction pathways and may inhibit inflammatory processes, angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, tumor cell proliferation and invasion. The G-protein coupled … |
CCR8 Inhibitor IPG7236 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CCR8 inhibitor IPG7236 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. This may reactivate antitumor immune responses. CCR8 is specifically expressed by tumor-infiltrating Tr… |
CD105/Yb-1/SOX2/CDH3/MDM2-polyepitope Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA vaccine containing the mammalian expression vector pUMVC3 (pNGVL3) encoding epitopes of CD105 (Endoglin), Y-box binding protein 1 (Yb-1), SRY-box 2 (SOX2), cadherin 3 (CDH3), and murine double minute 2 (MDM2) proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of pUMVC3-CD105/Yb-1/SOX2/CDH3/MDM2-epitopes plasmid DNA vaccine, the plasmid transfects cells and the peptides are expressed. This generates a specific memory Th1 (T-he… |
CD11b Agonist GB1275 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule agonist of CD11b (integrin alpha-M; ITGAM; integrin alpha M chain), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, CD11b agonist GB1275 targets and binds to CD11b, thereby activating CD11b. This leads to CD11b-mediated signaling and promotes pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization while suppressing immunosuppressive macrophage polarization. This reduces influx of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MD… |
CD122-selective IL-2/Anti-CD25 Antibody-like Fusion Protein ANV419 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, ribocytokine IL-2 BNT153 is taken up by cells and the expressed IL-2 targets and binds to the IL-2 receptor beta subunit (IL2Rb; IL2Rbeta; CD122). The binding of IL-2 to IL2Rb activates IL2Rb-mediated signaling, which activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natur… |
CD123-CD33 Compound CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) antigen and one specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD123-CD33 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD123 and/or CD33. This induce… |
CD123-specific Targeting Module TM123 |
A preparation of soluble adapter molecules consisting of an antigen-binding moiety targeting CD123 linked to a peptide motif recognizable by UniCAR02-T, that may be used to activate UniCAR02-T. Upon administration of CD123-specific targeting module (TM) TM123, and upon co-administration of UniCAR02-T, the antigen-binding moiety of TM123 targets and binds to cancer cells expressing CD123, and the binding domain of UniCAR02-T binds to the nuclear antigen motif of TM123. This activates UniCAR02… |
CD133 Antigen Peptide-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted peptides derived from the CD133 antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration, the CD133 antigen peptide-pulsed autologous DC vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD133-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD133, a cancer stem cell marker, is expressed on hematopoiet… |
CD137/Nectin-4 Bispecific-targeting Agent BT7480 |
A synthetic tumor targeted immune cell agonist composed of two bicyclic peptides targeting CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) linked to a bicyclic peptide targeting the cell adhesion molecule nectin-4 (PVRL4); with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD137/nectin-4 bispecific-targeting agent BT7480 simultaneously targets and binds to CD137, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activa… |
CD137/PSMA/HSA Trispecific-targeting Agent CB 307 |
A trispecific T-cell enabler targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; FOLH1), the co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and human serum albumin (HSA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD137/PSMA/HSA trispecific-targeting agent CB307 simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets in… |
CD137L/Epstein-Barr Virus-Targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of in vitro generated, highly potent, CD137 ligand (CD137L)-dendritic cells (CD137L-DCs), pulsed with Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV) antigen peptides, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, CD137L-DCs induce potent CD8+ T-cell responses against EBV+ target cells. DCs stimulated with CD137L enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte proliferation and activation to a greater extent compared to non-CD137L-stimulated DCs. |
CD138CAR-CD137/TCRzeta-expressing T Lymphocytes |
T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for syndecan-1 (CD138) (CART-138 T cells) coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD138CAR- CD137/TCRzeta -expressing T lymphocytes directs the T-lymphocytes to syndecan-1-expressing tumor cells and induces selective toxicity in those tumor cells. T… |
CD16/IL15/CD33 Trispecific Killer Cell Engager OXS-3550 |
A trispecific killer engager (TriKE) molecule containing an anti-cluster of differentiation 16 (CD16; FcgammaRIII) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) to engage natural killer (NK) cells, an anti-CD33 scFv to engage myeloid cells and a human modified interleukin-15 (IL-15) linker, that links the two scFv, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities against CD33-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration of the CD16/IL15/CD33 TriKE OXS-3550, the simultaneous binding to CD1… |
CD16-based ROR1-targeted NK Cell Engager PBA-0405 |
An engineered natural killer (NK) cell engager comprised of an anti-receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) antibody, with an increased binding affinity to CD16 Fc receptor, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD16-based ROR1-targeted NK cell engager PBA-0405 targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to the activating CD16 Fc receptor expressed on NK cells, thereby bringing ROR1-expressing tumor … |
CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tcm-enriched T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified central memory (Tcm) enriched T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), containing a CD28 signaling domain fused to both CD3 zeta, which targets the CD19 antigen, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tcm-enriched … |
CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tn/mem-enriched T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified lymphocytes comprised of CD62L-positive naïve and memory T-cells (Tn/mem), that are transduced ex vivo with a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD19 antigen and containing CD28 and CD3 zeta signaling domains, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation of periph… |
CD19CAR-CD28zeta-4-1BB-expressing Allogeneic T Lymphocytes |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28, the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD19CAR-CD28 zeta-4-1BB-expressing allogeneic T lymphocytes directs the T-lymphocytes to and induces sele… |
CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-CD28-expressing Autologous T-Lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to three co-stimulatory signaling domains derived from CD28, 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-CD28-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes direct the T-lymphocyt… |
CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Allogeneic T-lymphocyte Cells |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a modified lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing allogeneic T-lymphocyte cells direct the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby indu… |
CD19CAR-CD3zeta-expressing Autologous T lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a modified lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD19CAR-CD3zeta-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes are directed to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing a selective toxicity only in these tumor cells. The CD19 antigen is … |
CD19-CD34tagged Metabolically Programmed CAR T-cells |
A preparation of a subset of T-lymphocytes, that are metabolically enhanced based on selection and purification on CD34 expression and primed to contain T-helper subset 1 and 17 (Th1/17 hybrid cells), that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD19-CD34tagged metabolically programmed CAR T-cells target and bind to CD19-ex… |
CD19-expressing Oncolytic Virus CF33 |
A genetically modified oncolytic virus (OV) composed of CF33, a replication competent orthopoxviral chimera that is engineered to express the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. CD19-expressing OV CF33 is used in combination with certain anti-CD19 agents, such as anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells or anti-CD19 bispecific antibodies. Upon intratumoral (IT) or intravenous (IV) administration of CD19-expre… |
CD19R(EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified T-cells transduced expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing the CD28 signaling domain fused to CD3 zeta, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, CD19R(EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing T-lymphocytes are directed to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby induc… |
CD19-specific Adapter Molecule SWI019 |
A preparation of adapter molecules consisting of an antibody fragment (Fab) targeting CD19 linked to a 14 aa peptide epitope, or peptide neo-epitope (PNE), recognizable by CLBR001, that may be used to activate CLBR001. Upon administration of CD19-specific adapter molecule SWI019, and upon co-administration of CLBR001, the Fab moiety of SWI019 targets and binds to tumor cells expressing CD19, and the PNE of SWI019 binds to the binding domain of CLBR001, thereby activating CLBR001. This induces… |
CD19-targeted CAR T Cells BZ019 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a non-viral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed co-stimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD19-targeted CAR T cells BZ019 recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing t… |
CD19-targeted CAR T2 Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD19-targeted CAR T2 cells target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. |
CD19x22 Bicistronic CAR T-cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have that have been transduced with a bicistronic vector encoding two distinct chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), one against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and the other one against the TAA CD22, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD19x22 bicistronic CAR T-cells target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing CD19 and CD22. CD19 and CD22, both transmembrane phosphoglycopr… |
CD20/CD47 Bispecific Fusion Protein CPO107 |
A bispecific fusion protein composed of the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab fused to the CD47 binding fragment signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), and directed against both the B-cell-specific membrane protein and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of anti-CD47/CD20 bispecific fusion protein CPO107, the anti-CD20 moiety selectively target… |
CD200 Activation Receptor Ligand hP1A8 |
A humanized peptide ligand of the CD200 activation receptors (CD200ARs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD200 activation receptor ligand (CD200AR-L) human P1A8 (hP1A8) targets and binds to CD200ARs complexes on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This promotes immature dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and cytokine production, and induces a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells. In addition, hP1A8 downregulates the expression … |
CD20-CD19 Compound CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a compound chimeric antigen receptor (cCAR) containing two distinct units of CARs, one specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cluster of differentiation 20 (CD20) and one specific for the TAA CD19, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD20-CD19 cCAR T cells specifically and simultaneously target and bind to tumor cells expressing CD20 and/or CD19. This indu… |
CD28CAR/CD137CAR-expressing T-Lymphocytes |
Third generation, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cells composed of T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a CAR consisting of an a single chain variable fragment specific for a particular antigen, coupled to the two co-stimulatory signaling domains Cluster of Differentiation 28 (CD28) and Cluster of Differentiation 137 (CD137; 4-1BB), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Up… |
CD3/CD28 Costimulated Autologous T-Cells |
A population of T cells that have been sensitized to vaccine tumor antigen(s) in vivo; collected from the patient; co-stimulated with antibodies to the T-cell cell surface proteins CD3 and CD28 and expanded ex vivo; and then infused into the same patient. CD3, part of the T cell receptor complex, and CD28, a T-cell surface-associated co-stimulatory molecule, are both required for full T-cell activation. Adoptive transfer of CD3/CD28 costimulated vaccine-primed autologous T-cells may induce th… |
CD30 CAR-expressing Autologous T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD30 antigen, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD30 CAR-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes specifically recognize and bind to CD30-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell surface receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is transiently… |
CD33CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-Lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD33 scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCRzeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD33-specific CAR retroviral vector-transduced autologous T lymphocytes target CD33-expressing tumor cells and induce selective toxicity in CD3… |
CD33-specific CAR Lentiviral Vector-transduced Allogeneic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD33-specific CAR lentiviral vector-transduced allogeneic T-lymphocytes target and induce selective toxicity in CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and on myeloid leukemia cells. |
CD33-specific CAR Lentiviral Vector-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the CD33 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, CD33-specific CAR lentiviral vector-transduced autologous T-lymphocytes target and induce selective toxicity in CD33-expressing tumor cells. CD33 is expressed on normal non-pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and on myeloid leukemia cells. |
CD371-specific/YSNVz/IL-18 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A, CCL1, CD371), and expressing the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, CD371-specific/YSNVz/IL-18 CAR T cells target, bind to, and induce selective toxicity in CD371-expressing tumor cells. IL-18 promotes T-cell persistence and… |
CD3-activating CD19 Bi-specific Antibody A-319 |
A recombinant T-cell activating bispecific antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD3-activating CD19 bi-specific antibody A-319 targets and binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD19 antigen expressed on malignant B-cells. This activates and redirects CTLs, bringing CD19-expressing tumor cells and CTLs … |
CD40L-augmented Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) derived from a patient’s tumor that have been stimulated ex vivo with CD40 ligand (CD40L, tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 5, TNFSF5, CD154, TNF-related activation protein, TRAP, gp39) during cell expansion, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CD40L-augmented autologous TILs specifically recognize and kill the patient’s tumor cells. Stimulation with a CD40L may enhance… |
CD44 Targeted Agent SPL-108 |
A proprietary agent that targets the cancer stem cell (CSC) antigen CD44, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated, following subcutaneous administration, CD44 targeted agent SPL-108 binds to CD44 and prevents the activation of various CD44-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to reduced proliferation of CD44-expressing tumor stem cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in hea… |
CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells |
A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a fourth-generation specific chimeric antigen receptor (4SCAR) specific for CD44 variant domain 6 (CD44v6), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD44v6-specific CAR T-cells specifically recognize and kill CD44v6-expressing tumor cells. CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein and hyaluronic acid receptor, is expressed in healthy tissue and overexpressed in … |
CD47 Antagonist AUR103 Calcium |
The calcium salt form of AUR103, an orally bioavailable, small molecule antagonist of the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD47 antagonist AUR103 calcium binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and prevents the interaction of CD47 with its ligand SIRPa, a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibiti… |
CD47/SIRPa Blocking Agent TQB2928 |
An agent blocking the interaction between the leukocyte surface antigen CD47 and the signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CD47/SIRPa blocking agent TQB2928 blocks the interaction between CD47, which is expressed on tumor cells, and SIRPa, which is expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage … |
CD4-specific Telomerase Peptide Vaccine UCPVax |
A therapeutic peptide vaccine containing the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT)-derived universal cancer peptides 2 (UCP2) and 4 (UCP4), and combined with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51 VG, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the CD4-specific telomerase peptide vaccine UCPVax activates the immune system to mount a T-helper 1 (TH1) CD4-positive T-lymphocyte immune response against and ultimately killing telomerase-… |
CD73 Inhibitor ATG-037 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5’-ecto-nucleotidase; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD73 inhibitor ATG-037 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME)…. |
CD73 Inhibitor LY3475070 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5’-ecto-nucleotidase; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD73 inhibitor LY3475070 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME… |
CD73 Inhibitor ORIC-533 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5’-ecto-nucleotidase; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CD73 inhibitor ORIC-533 targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME)… |
CD8 Enriched Young Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous young tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), that are isolated from the patient’s tumor tissue that are CD8 enriched and expanded ex vivo, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of the CD8 enriched young autologous TILs, the TILs re-infiltrate the tumor, recognize the tumor cells and initiate tumor cell lysis. This inhibits tumor cell growth. |
CD8+ and CD4+ Donor Memory T-cells-expressing HA1-Specific TCR |
A preparation of CD4+ and CD8+ central memory (CM) T-lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of a transplant donor and transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) (pRRLSIN) expressing a minor H antigen (HA-1(H); HA1(H)) T-cell receptor (TCR) containing the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9 or iC9)-HA1 TCR2-RQR-CD8 transgene (pRRLSIN iC9-HA1 TCR2-RQR-CD8; HA-1 TCR LV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration and after allogenei… |
CD8+NKG2D+ AKT Cell |
A preparation of human CD8-positive tumor-specific T-lymphocytes engineered to express the natural killer cell activating receptor group 2D (NKG2D) and the serine/threonine kinase AKT, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CD8+NKG2D+ AKT cells, these cells target and kill tumor cells. AKT-mediated signaling enhances the activation, differentiation, proliferation and cytokine production of tumor specific T-cells, which enhances their anti-tumor e… |
CD80 Breast Cancer Vaccine |
A vaccine comprised of CD80-transfected allogenic breast cancer cells to induce T-cell response. |
CD80-Fc Fusion Protein FPT155 |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain (ECD) of human CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CD80-Fc fusion protein FPT155, the CD80 moiety targets and binds to CD28, which in the presence of antigenic T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, leads to the co-stimulation of T-cell responses including the activation of naïve and memo… |
CD80-Fc Fusion Protein KM602 |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain (ECD) of human CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CD80-Fc fusion protein KM602, the CD80 moiety targets and binds to CD28, which in the presence of antigenic T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, leads to the co-stimulation of T-cell responses including the activation of naive and memor… |
CD8-depleted Non-engrafting HLA-mismatched Unrelated Donor Lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic lymphocytes from an HLA-mismatched donor that have been selectively depleted of CD8+ T-cells, with potential T-cell reconstitution purposes. Upon infusion, the donor-derived CD8+-depleted lymphocytes may increase the levels of CD4+ T-cells (Teffs) and promote T-cell reconstitution. The infusion of donor lymphocytes depleted of CD8 T-cells may reduce the risk of inducing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) compared to the infusion of non-CD8-depleted T-cells. |
CDC7 Inhibitor SGR-2921 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase (CDC7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDC7 inhibitor SGR-2921 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in an impaired response to replication stress, DNA damage, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in DNA replication and DNA damage … |
CDC7 Inhibitor TQB3824 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDC7 inhibitor TQB3824 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key r… |
CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor BMS-863233 |
An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor BMS-863233 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine-threonine kinase overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays an essential role in the ini… |
CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor LY3143921 Hydrate |
The hydrated form of an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (CDC7) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of CDC7 kinase inhibitor LY3143921 hydrate, LY3143921 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 plays a key ro… |
CDC7 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-1116354 |
An orally bioavailable cell division cycle 7 homolog (CDC7) kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDC7 kinase inhibitor NMS-1116354 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDC7, which may result in the inhibition of DNA replication and mitosis, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. The serine-threonine kinase CDC7 initiates DNA replication by phosphorylating MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance co… |
CDK Inhibitor AT7519 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AT7519M selectively binds to and inhibits cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), which may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in regulation of the cell cycle and may be overexpressed in some types of cancer cells. |
CDK Inhibitor R547 |
An orally bioavailable diaminopyrimidine compound and a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells. R547 selectively binds to and inhibits CDKs, especially CDK1/cyclin B, CDK2/cyclin E, and CDK4/cyclin D1. The inhibition of CDKs results in cell cycle arrest, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and i… |
CDK Inhibitor SNS-032 |
A small aminothiazole molecule and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SNS-032 binds to and prevents the phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases, especially CDK2, 7, and 9 that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDKs leads to cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. As a result, this agent causes cytotoxicity and prevents further tumor cell growth. |
CDK1/2/4 Inhibitor AG-024322 |
A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. AG-024322 selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (particularly CDK1,2 and 4), enzymes that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDK may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation. |
CDK2 Inhibitor AVZO-021 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2 inhibitor AVZO-021 selectively targets, reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of the CDK2/CyclinE1 (CCNE1; CCNE-1) complex. This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation and blocks G1/S transition, which leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of proliferation in CDK2 and/or CCNE1-overexpressing tumor cells…. |
CDK2 Inhibitor AZD8421 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2 inhibitor AZD8421 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpres… |
CDK2 Inhibitor BG-68501 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2 inhibitor BG-68501 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor c… |
CDK2 Inhibitor INX-315 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2 inhibitor INX-315 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpres… |
CDK2 Inhibitor NKT3447 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2 inhibitor NKT3447 selectively targets, reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This blocks G1/S cell cycle transition, which leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDK2, a serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and cel… |
CDK2/4/6 Inhibitor PF-07224826 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2/4/6 inhibitor PF-07224826 selectively targets and inhibits CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase and prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition. This leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor … |
CDK2/4/6 Inhibitor RGT-419B |
An orally bioavailable third-generation inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2/4/6 inhibitor RGT-419B selectively targets and inhibits CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase and prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition. This leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor c… |
CDK2/4/6 Inhibitor SYH2043 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK2/4/6 inhibitor SYH2043 selectively targets and inhibits CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase and prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition. This leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell… |
CDK2/4/6/FLT3 Inhibitor FN-1501 |
A small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4), and 6 (CDK6) and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, CDK2/4/6/FLT3 inhibitor FN-1501 binds to and inhibits CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, as well as FLT3. This may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress these kinases. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that assist in ce… |
CDK4 Inhibitor BGB-43395 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4 inhibitor BGB-43395 selectively inhibits CDK4, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. CDK4, a serine/threonine kinase, is upregulated in many tumor cell types … |
CDK4 Inhibitor P1446A-05 |
A protein kinase inhibitor specific for the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK4 inhibitor P1446A-05 specifically inhibits CDK4-mediated G1-S phase transition, arresting cell cycling and inhibiting cancer cell growth. The serine/threonine kinase CDK4 is found in a complex with D-type G1 cyclins and is the first kinase to become activated upon mitogenic stimulation, releasing cells from a quiescent stage into the G1/S growth cycling stage; CDK-cyclin co… |
CDK4/6 Degrader BTX-9341 |
An orally bioavailable bifunctional degrader of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 degrader BTX-9341 targets and binds to CDK4 and CDK6, as well as cereblon (CRBN), a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that directs proteins for destruction. This leads to ubiquitination and induces proteasome-mediated degradation of CDK4 and CDK6, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of retino… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-1178 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor BPI-1178 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are … |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor BPI-16350 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor BPI-16350 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases t… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor CS3002 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor CS3002 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are se… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor GLR2007 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor GLR2007 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/thre… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor HS-10342 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecular, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor HS-10342 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and … |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor PRT3645 |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor PRT3645 selectively targets and inhibits the activity of CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor ce… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor SPH4336 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor SPH4336 selectively targets and inhibits the activity of CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. … |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3303 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor TQB3303 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are s… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor TQB3616 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor TQB3616 selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threo… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor UCT-03-008 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor UCT-03-008 selectively targets and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase and prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition. This leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serin… |
CDK4/6 Inhibitor XZP-3287 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK4/6 inhibitor XZP-3287 selectively targets and inhibits the activity of CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation…. |
CDK7 Inhibitor LY3405105 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3405105 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. Specifically, inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. In addition, it prevents phosphorylation of … |
CDK7 Inhibitor LY3405105 Besylate |
The besylate salt form of LY3405105, an orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3405105 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. Specifically, inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. In addi… |
CDK7 Inhibitor Q901 |
A selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK7 inhibitor Q901 selectively targets, covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. The inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. It prevents phosphorylation of the cell cycle kinases CDK1, … |
CDK7 Inhibitor SY-5609 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SY-5609 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. Specifically, inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. In addition, it prevents phosphorylation of th… |
CDK7 Inhibitor TY-2699a |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK7 inhibitor TY-2699a selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. The inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. The inhibition of CDK7 also prevents the phosphoryl… |
CDK8/19 Inhibitor RVU120 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CDK8/19 inhibitor RVU120 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, blocks selective transcription of various tumor-promoting genes, and inhibits proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK8/19, serine/threonine kinases involv… |
CDK9 Inhibitor GFH009 |
A selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF-b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the CDK9 inhibitor GFH009 targets, binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II, leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of var… |
CDK9 Inhibitor PRT2527 |
A selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF-b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CDK9 inhibitor PRT2527 targets, binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II, leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of variou… |
CEA/Tetanus Toxoid T Helper Epitope Fusion Protein-Expressing DNA Plasmid Vaccine |
A plasmid vaccine encoding wild type human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) fused to a tetanus toxoid T helper epitope, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination and subsequent intradermal electroporation, CEA/tetanus toxoid T helper epitope fusion protein-expressing DNA plasmid vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell t… |
CEA-MUC-1-TRICOM Vaccine CV301 |
A cancer prime/boost vaccine-based immunotherapeutic consisting of a prime, which is comprised of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) and a recombinant fowlpox viral vector, used for the boosts, encoding both the two tumor-associated antigens (TAA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of three immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules, B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with poten… |
CEA-targeting Agent RG6123 |
An agent targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CEA-targeting agent RG6123 targets and binds to human CEA that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. This may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, kill CEA-expressing tumor cells. CEA is overexpressed in many cancer cell types. |
CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA Liposome |
A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of liposomes encapsulating a small oligonucleotide encoding a small activating RNA (saRNA) targeting the CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA; C/EBP-a) gene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which saRNAs exert their effect(s) is still largely being investigated, it appears that, upon administration, the CEBPA-targeting saRNA MTL-CEBPA liposome targets and binds to a specific DNA regula… |
Cedazuridine |
An orally available synthetic nucleoside analog derived from tetrahydrouridine (THU) and cytidine deaminase inhibitor (CDAi), that can potentially be used to prevent the breakdown of cytidines. Upon oral administration, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. Given in combination with a cytidine, such as the antineoplastic hypomethylating agent decitabine, it… |
Cedazuridine/Azacitidine Combination Agent ASTX030 |
An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite azacitidine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the cedazuridine/azacitidine combination agent ASTX030, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of azacitidi… |
Cedefingol |
A derivative of sphingosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a sphingosine derivative, cedefingol appears to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC), a kinase that plays an important role in tumorigenesis. |
Cediranib |
An orally bioavailable indole ether quinazoline derivative and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, cediranib binds to and inhibits the three VEGFR subtypes 1 (VEGFR-1), 2 (VEGFR-2) and 3 (VEGFR-3), thereby blocking VEGF-signaling, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. |
Cediranib Maleate |
The maleate salt of an indole ether quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic activities. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, cediranib binds to and inhibits all three vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR-1,-2,-3) tyrosine kinases, thereby blocking VEGF-signaling, angiogenesis, and tumor cell growth. |
Celecoxib |
A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with a diaryl-substituted pyrazole structure. Celecoxib selectively inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 activity (COX-2); COX-2 inhibition may result in apoptosis and a reduction in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. |
Cell Cycle Checkpoint/DNA Repair Antagonist IC83 |
A proprietary agent with potential antineoplastic activity. IC83 appears to target cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes, which are involved in the recognition and repair of damaged DNA and are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. Inhibition of cell cycle checkpoint/DNA repair enzymes may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA damaging agents and dissipate tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. |
Cell Membrane-anchored/CSV-targeted IL-12-expressing T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes engineered to express cell membrane-anchored and cell-surface vimentin (CSV)-targeted interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the cell membrane-anchored/CSV-targeted IL-12-expressing T-lymphocytes are directed to and induce selective toxicity in CSV-expressing tumor cells. The cell membrane-anchored IL-12 cytokine promotes the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFNg), activates natural killer cells… |
Cemacabtagene Ansegedleucel |
A preparation of allogeneic, frozen, ‘off-the-shelf’, universal transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN)-engineered, gene-edited T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Using TALEN technology, the T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain and CD52 genes are deleted from the CAR19 T-cells. Upon administration, cemacabtagene ansegedleucel specifically targe… |
Cemadotin |
A synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis. |
Cemadotin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of cemadotin, a synthetic dolastatin 15 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Cemadotin suppresses spindle microtubule dynamics by binding to tubulin, thereby blocking mitosis. (NCI04) |
Cemiplimab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1, PCD-1) protein, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cemiplimab binds to PD-1, inhibits its binding to the PD-1 ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and prevents the activation of its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T-cells. P… |
Cemsidomide |
An orally bioavailable modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, cemsidomide specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3),… |
Cenersen |
A phosphorothioate oligonucleotide harboring nucleotide sequences complementary to tumor suppressor p53 mRNA. Cenersen hybridizes with p53 mRNA molecules, and induces Rnase H dependent hydrolysis of p53 transcripts in the double stranded section of the hybrids, thereby resulting in loss of p53 production. Loss of p53 activity leads to sensitization of cancer cells to other therapeutics. |
Cenisertib |
A water-soluble, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Cenisertib selectively binds to and inhibits aurora kinases (AKs), a family of serine-threonine kinases which are important regulators of cell division and proliferation, and which are overexpressed in certain types of cancer. Inhibition of aurora kinases inhibits cell division and proliferation and induces apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing AKs. |
CENP-E Inhibitor GSK-923295A |
A small-molecule inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK-923295A binds to and inhibits CENP-E, thereby preventing cell division, inducing cell cycle arrest, and ultimately leading to an inhibition of cell proliferation. CENP-E, a kinetochore-associated mitotic kinesin, plays an essential role in chromosome movement during mitosis and regulates cell-cycle transition from metaphase to anaphase. |
Centella Asiatica/Melon Extract/Vitamins Supplement |
A nutritional supplement composed of Centella asiatica extract, melon extract rich in the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin D3 and the B vitamins B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin) and B6 (pyridoxine), that can potentially be used to reduce edema, paresthesia and pain. Upon oral administration of the centella asiatica/melon extract/vitamins supplement, the Centella asiatica may reduce inflammation, pain and swelling. In addition, Centella asiatica promotes the normal function… |
Centipeda minima Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation containing multiple flavones and their glycosides, phenolic and polyphenolic acids, and sesquiterpene lactones, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Centipeda minima decoction, the active ingredients may modulate the cell cycle, induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. It may also modulate the immune system by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines … |
Ceralasertib |
An orally available morpholino-pyrimidine-based inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Ceralasertib selectively inhibits ATR activity by blocking the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, and results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. I… |
Ceramide Nanoliposome |
A lipid-based nanoparticle formulation composed of the apoptosis-inducing sphingolipid ceramide encapsulated within nanoliposomes, with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ceramide nanoliposomes accumulate in the tumor environment, due to the unique properties of the tumor vasculature, and easily enter tumor cells. This delivers ceramide inside the tumor cells, where ceramide induces apoptosis. Although the process is not completely understood, ceramide-dep… |
Cerdulatinib |
An orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, cerdulatinib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk, JAK1, and JAK3 with preferential inhibition of JAK1 and JAK3-dependent cytokine-mediated signaling and functional responses. This negatively affects the downstream JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, a… |
Cereblon Modulator BTX-1188 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule modulator of cereblon (CRBN), part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CRBN modulator BTX-1188 specifically targets and binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. This leads to ubiquitination and induces proteasome-mediated degradation of the hematopoietic transcriptio… |
Cereblon Modulator SP-3164 |
An orally bioavailable avadomide derivative, which contains the stable, active (S)-enantiomer form of avadomide, and modulator of cereblon (CRBN), which is part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CRBN modulator specifically targets and binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. This leads to ubiquitinatio… |
Cereblon Modulator TQB3820 |
An orally bioavailable modulator of cereblon (CRBN), part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CRBN modulator TQB3820 specifically binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity. This leads to ubiquitination and induces proteasome-mediated degradation of the hematopoietic transcription factors Ikaros (IKZF1) and… |
Cergutuzumab Amunaleukin |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of cergutuzumab, a genetically engineered human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, CEACAM5, CD66e), linked to amunaleukin, an engineered, mutated variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cergutuzumab amunaleukin, the cergutuzumab moiety recognizes and binds to CEA, thereby specifically targeting IL-2v to CE… |
Ceritinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase activity of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ceritinib binds to and inhibits wild-type ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to both the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous sys… |
Certociclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, certociclib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDK2, a serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation, is overexpressed in certain tumor cells. |
Cesalin |
An antineoplastic protein isolated from the seeds of the plant Caesalpinia gilliesii with antineoplastic activity. Cesalin intercalates into and crosslinks DNA and inhibits the incorporation of the nucleotides uridine and thymidine into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Cesnicabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of adult human differentiated autologous T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo expanded and transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain, with potential immunostimulatin… |
cEt KRAS Antisense Oligonucleotide AZD4785 |
A proprietary formulation composed of a high affinity antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that contains 2’-4’ constrained ethyl residues (cEt) and targets KRAS (K-RAS) transcripts, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, cEt KRAS antisense oligonucleotide AZD4785 targets and binds, with high affinity, to a unique genetic sequence within KRAS messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby inhibiting translation of KRAS protein, including forms containing activating mutations. Inhib… |
Cetrelimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1, PCDC-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cetrelimab binds to PD-1, and inhibits the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in both T-cell activati… |
Cetuximab |
A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Cetuximab binds to the extracellular domain of the EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This agent may inhibit EGFR-dependent primary tumor growth and metastasis. EGFR is overexpressed on… |
Cetuximab Sarotalocan Sodium |
The sodium salt form of cetuximab sarotalocan, which consists of a chemical conjugate composed of the dye IR700 linked to cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of cetuximab sarotalocan sodium, the cetuximab moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, resulting in the internalization of the conjugate. Upon localized application of near-infrared (NIR) light, the IR700 dye… |
Cetuximab-loaded Ethylcellulose Polymeric Nanoparticles Decorated with Octreotide |
A preparation of ethylcellulose polymeric nanoparticles loaded with cetuximab, a recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor (EGFR), and decorated with the somatostatin analog, octreotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the octreotide moiety directs the nanoparticles, which remain inert until a pH of 6.8 is reached, to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which are present on the cell membranes of many neuroendocrine tum… |
Cevipabulin |
A synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth. |
Cevipabulin Fumarate |
The fumarate salt of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin appears to bind at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth., a small, water soluble, synthetic tubulin-binding agen… |
Cevipabulin Succinate |
The succinate salt form of cevipabulin, a synthetic, water soluble tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Cevipabulin binds at the vinca-binding site on tubulin, but seems to act more similar to taxane-site binding agents in that it enhances tubulin polymerization and does not induce tubulin depolymerization. This stabilizes tubulin and prevents microtubule disassembly. The disruption in microtubule dynamics may eventually inhibit cell division and reduce cellular growth. |
Cevostamab |
A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Fc receptor-like protein 5 (FCRH5; CD307; FCRL5; IRTA2; BXMAS1) and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cevostamab, the bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes … |
cFMS Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ARRY-382 |
A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; cFMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. cFMS tyrosine kinase inhibitor ARRY-382 binds to and inhibits the activity of cFMS. By preventing colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)-cFMS signaling, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cFMS-overexpressing tumor cells. cFMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and plays an essential role in macrophage … |
ChAdOx1-PSA/PAP/STEAP1/5T4 Prostate Cancer Vaccine ChAdOx1-PCAQ |
A cancer vaccine consisting of recombinant non-replicating chimpanzee adenovirus Oxford 1 (ChAdOx1) viral vector encoding genes for the prostate cancer-associated antigens prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), and 5T4 oncofetal antigen, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ChAdOx1-PSA/PAP/STEAP1/5T4 prostate cancer vaccine ChAdOx1-PCAQ expresses PSA, PA… |
Chaparrin |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba cedron and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrin is a mixture of compounds that includes flavonoids, antioxidants, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA). NDGA is an antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitor that promotes cell differentiation, induces G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and causes apoptosis in certain cancer cell lines. (NCI04) |
Chaparrinone |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Ailanthus integrifolia sp. calycina and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. Chaparrinone inhibits protein synthesis, has antimalarial properties, and is cytotoxic to some tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor AZD7762 |
A synthetic small molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases (Chks) with potential chemosensitizing activity. AZD7762 binds to and inhibits Chks, which may prevent cell cycle arrest and subsequent nucleotide excision repair in DNA-damaged tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. Chks are protein kinases that regulate either G1/S or G2/M transitions in the cell cycle. In the presence of DNA damage or incomplete DNA replicatio… |
Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitor XL844 |
A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of checkpoint kinases 1 and 2 (Chk1 and Chk2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL844 binds to and inhibits Chks 1 and 2, resulting in inhibition of cell cycle arrest, progressive DNA damage, inhibition of DNA repair, and, ultimately, tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3), important mediators of tumor angiogenesis and lymphogenes… |
Chimeric Costimulatory Converting Receptor-modified NK-92 Cells |
A preparation of genetically-modified natural killer (NK) cells derived from the allogeneic NK-92 cell line that are transduced with an as of yet unspecified chimeric costimulatory converting receptor (CCCR) for cancer retargeting purposes, with potential cytolytic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the CCCR-modified NK-92 cells, the redirected NK cells recognize and bind to tumor cells. This leads to the secretion and release of perforins, granzymes, cytokines … |
Chimeric Humanized Anti-CD47 Antibody |
A humanized, high-chimeric antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, chimeric humanized anti-CD47 antibody selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This… |
ChiNing Decoction |
A decoction of Liang Ge San, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-stomatitis activities. Although the complete mechanism of action through which the ChiNing decoction works has yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral administration, the active ingredients may inhibit the inflammatory response, possibly by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa), in the saliva. This may prot… |
Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0425 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor GDC-0425 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. GDC-0425 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to ch… |
Chk1 Inhibitor GDC-0575 |
A small molecule inhibitor of cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), with potential chemosensitization activity. Chk1 inhibitor GDC-0575 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1; this may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, which permits the cells to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis. Therefore, Chk1 inhibition may sensitize tumor cells to the DNA-damaging effects of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent se… |
Chk1 Inhibitor LY2880070 |
An orally bioavailable, selective, adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor LY2880070 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing chk1 activity and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. LY2880070 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-dam… |
CHK1 Inhibitor MK-8776 |
An agent targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) with potential radiosensitization and chemosensitization activities. Chk1 inhibitor MK-8776 specifically binds to and inhibits Chk1, which may result in tumor cells bypassing Chk1-dependent cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases to undergo DNA repair prior to entry into mitosis; tumor cells may thus be sensitized to the DNA-damaging effects of ionizing radiation and alkylating chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1 is an ATP-dependent serine… |
Chk1 Inhibitor PEP07 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, Chk1 inhibitor PEP07 selectively binds to Chk1, thereby preventing Chk1 activity and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. PEP07 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherap… |
CHK1 Inhibitor PF-477736 |
A proprietary compound targeting cell cycle checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1) with potential chemopotentiation activity. Chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 inhibits chk1, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase that is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring S/G2 checkpoint system. By overriding the last checkpoint defense against DNA damaging agent-induced lethal damage, chk1 inhibitor PF-477736 may potentiate the antitumor efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents against tumor cells with intri… |
Chk1 Inhibitor SRA737 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, chk1 inhibitor SRA737 selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing chk1 activity and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. SRA737 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemother… |
Chk2 Inhibitor PHI-101 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 2 (chk2), with potential antineoplastic and chemopotentiating activities. Upon oral administration, Chk2 inhibitor PHI-101 binds to and inhibits the activity of chk2, which may prevent the repair of DNA damage caused by DNA-damaging agents. This may result in tumor cell apoptosis and potentiate the antitumor efficacies of various chemotherapeutic agents. Chk2, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase, is a key component in the DNA replicat… |
Chlorambucil |
An orally-active antineoplastic aromatic nitrogen mustard. Chlorambucil alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Chlorodihydropyrimidine |
A pyrimidine derivative with antitumor activity. Chlorodihydropyrimidine competitively and reversibly inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of fluoropyrimidines thereby blocking the degradation of the fluoropyrimidines. |
Chloroquine |
A 4-aminoquinoline with antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, and potential chemosensitization and radiosensitization activities. Although the mechanism is not well understood, chloroquine is shown to inhibit the parasitic enzyme heme polymerase that converts the toxic heme into non-toxic hemazoin, thereby resulting in the accumulation of toxic heme within the parasite. This agent may also interfere with the biosynthesis of nucleic acids. Chloroquine’s potential chemosensitizing and radiosensitizi… |
Chloroquinoxaline Sulfonamide |
A chlorinated heterocyclic sulfanilamide with potential antineoplastic activity and potential immunosuppressive activity. Chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide poisons topoisomerase II alpha and topoisomerase II beta, thereby causing double-stranded breaks in DNA, accumulation of unrepaired DNA, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lymphotoxicity by inhibiting lymphocyte activation in a cell cycle-specific manner. (NCI04) |
Chlorotoxin |
A neurotoxin with potential anticancer property. Chlorotoxin (CTX) is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion, and a chloride channel blocker. This toxin binds preferentially to glioma cells via the transmembrane endopeptidase matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and thereby prevents the spread of tumor cells. MMP-2 is specifically up-regulated in gliomas and related cancers, but is not normally expressed in brain. |
Chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of genetically modified T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of a CD28 co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3zeta), a truncated form of CD19 (CD19t), an immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-Fc (EQ) spacer, and a peptide derived from chlorotoxin (CLTX), with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, chlorotoxin (EQ)-CD28-CD3zeta-CD19t-expressing CAR T-lym… |
Chlorozotocin |
A glucose-linked chloroethylnitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Chlorozotocin alkylates DNA and proteins, induces the formation of interstrand DNA and DNA-protein crosslinks, and causes DNA strand breakage, thereby damaging DNA and resulting in cell death. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in cell lines and animal models. Chlorozotocin is a mutagen and is less myelotoxic than other nitrosoureas. (NCI04) |
Choline Kinase Alpha Inhibitor TCD-717 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of choline kinase alpha (CHKA), with potential antineoplastic activity. TCD-717 targets and binds to CHKA, an enzyme that plays a key role in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid in eukaryotic cell membranes. Blockade of this enzyme induces cells to activate a different route for phospholipid production which causes a toxic effect and eventually leads to cell destruction. CHKA, overexpressed in human cancer cells while only minimally expresse… |
CHP-HER-2 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine, containing nanoparticles of cholesteryl hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) complexed with the tumor-associated antigen HER-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Her-2/neu, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases, is overexpressed in various tumors, including breast, ovarian, and gastric cancers. Vaccination with CHP-HER-2 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral as well as a cytotoxic T-ce… |
CHP-NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine IMF-001 |
A peptide cancer vaccine containing nanoparticles of cholesteryl hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) complexed with the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 protein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CHP-NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine IMF-001 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The self-aggregating CHP, composed of a pullulan backbo… |
Chromomycin A3 |
A glycosidic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. Chromomycin A3 reversibly binds to guanine-cytosine (G-C) base pairs in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting RNA synthesis. This agent is used as a fluorescent chromosome dye. (NCI04) |
Chrysanthemum morifolium/Ganoderma lucidum/Glycyrrhiza glabra/Isatis indigotica/Panax pseudoginseng/Rabdosia rubescens/Scutellaria baicalensis/Serona repens Supplement |
An herbal mixture with potential antineoplastic effects. PC-SPES, an herbal supplement containing extracts from 8 herbs including Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ganoderma lucidum (a root fungus), Glycyrrhiza glabra (Spanish liquorice), Isatis indigotica, Panax pseudoginseng, Rabdosia rubescens, Scutellaria baicalensis, and Serona repens (saw palmetto), with potential antineoplastic and antiproliferative effects, specifically in prostate cancer cells. Its exact pharmacology is not fully understood … |
Cibisatamab |
An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Cibisatamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CEA, a tumor-associated antigen that is specifically expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration, cibisatamab binds to both T-cells and CEA-expressing tumor cells, which cross-links the T-cells with the tumor cells. This may result in a pote… |
Cidan Herbal Capsule |
A capsule-based formulation containing artificial bezoar, Strychni pulveratum (strychnos powder), camphol alcohol (borneol or borneo camphor) and extracts from Zedoary rhizome (Rhizoma curcumae), Pseudobulbus cremastrae seu pleiones (dried pseudobulb of Cremastra appendiculata), Yatantzu (seed of Brucca javanica), beehive, Bombyx mori (Bombyx batryticatus or silkworm), Danshen (dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza or red sage root), Radix astragali, and Angelica, with potential antineoplastic ac… |
Ciforadenant |
A small molecule immune checkpoint inhibitor of the adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ciforadenant binds to adenosine A2A receptors expressed on the surface of immune cells, including T-lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors on these key immune surveillance cells, thereby abrogating adenosine-induced immunosuppr… |
Cifurtilimab |
A proprietary, non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, cifurtilimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering both cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which activates B-cells and T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present … |
Cilengitide |
A cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Cilengitide binds to and inhibits the activities of the alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrins, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Ciletatug Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of ciletatug, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ciletatug vedotin specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release … |
Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are transduced, ex vivo, with LCAR-B38M, a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing two bispecific anti-B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) variable fragments of llama heavy-chain murine antibodies fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The antigen-binding region of the CAR is a non-scFv structure targeting two distinct regions of BCMA. Upon int… |
Cimetidine |
A histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist. Enhancing anti-tumor cell-mediated responses, cimetidine blocks histamine’s ability to stimulate suppressor T lymphocyte activity and to inhibit natural killer (NK) cell activity and interleukin-2 production. Cimetidine also may inhibit tumor growth by suppressing histamine’s growth-factor activity and blocking histamine-induced stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor. (NCI04) |
Cinacalcet Hydrochloride |
The orally bioavailable hydrochloride salt of the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Cinacalcet increases the sensitivity of calcium-sensing receptors on chief cells in the parathyroid gland to extracellular calcium, thereby reducing parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. A reduction in PTH levels inhibits osteoclast activity, which may result in a decrease in cortical bone turnover and bone fibrosis, and normalization of serum calcium and phosphorus levels. In addition, by reducing PTH levels, cinacalce… |
Cinobufagin |
A bufadienolide compound extracted from the dried venom secreted by the parotid glands of toads and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of cinobufagin is still under investigation, it has been found to suppress cancer cell proliferation and cause apoptosis in cancer cells via a sequence of apoptotic modulators that include mitochondrial Bax and cytosolic chromosome c, and caspases 3, 8, and … |
Cinobufotalin |
A bufadienolide isolated from toad venom and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for its cardiotonic, diuretic and hemostatic effects, with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and although the exact mechanism of action(s) (MoAs) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully discovered, cinobufotalin causes DNA fragmentation, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), increases intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ion concentratio… |
Cinrebafusp Alfa |
A bivalent, bispecific fusion protein comprised of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) monoclonal antibody linked to a CD137-targeting anticalin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of cinrebafusp alfa, CD137 clustering is promoted by bridging CD137-positive T-cells with HER2-positive tumor cells, leading to the recruitment of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This may result in potent CTL-mediated lysis of … |
Cintirorgon |
An orally bioavailable agonist of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORg), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of cintirorgon, this agent selectively binds to the nuclear receptor transcription factor RORg, forming a receptor complex that translocates to the nucleus, and binds to ROR response elements (ROREs), enhancing the function, proliferation and survival of type 17 T-cells, including Th17 (helper T-cells) and Tc17 (cytotoxic… |
Cintredekin Besudotox |
A recombinant chimeric protein with potent antitumor activity. Cintredekin besudotox is composed of interleukin-13 (IL13), a pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine, linked to a mutated form of pseudomonas exotoxin A; this agent targets and kills tumor cells that express the IL13 receptor (IL13R).The IL13 moiety attaches to the IL13R on the tumor cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving… |
Cisplatin |
An alkylating-like inorganic platinum agent (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) with antineoplastic activity. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. |
Cisplatin Liposomal |
A synthetic formulation in which the antineoplastic agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids. Cisplatin liposomal consists of small aggregates of cisplatin covered by a single lipid bilayer. Encasement in liposomes improves cisplatin’s tumor bioavailability and toxicity profile. Liposomal encapsulation does not affect the pharmacological properties of cisplatin directly. Cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in … |
Cisplatin Micelle Formulation HA132 |
A micelle formulation containing the inorganic platinum agent cisplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of tumor cells. |
Cisplatin/Vinblastine/Cell Penetration Enhancer Formulation INT230-6 |
A formulation composed of three agents in a fixed ratio: two chemotherapeutic agents, the platinum compound cisplatin and the vinca alkaloid vinblastine, and a proprietary amphiphilic excipient that acts as a penetration enhancer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral (IT) injection of INT230-6, the dispersion/cell penetration enhancer excipient of INT230-6 facilitates dispersion of the two drugs throughout the tumor tissue and enables increased cellular uptake of these a… |
Cisplatin-E Therapeutic Implant |
An injectable gel comprised of a collagen matrix containing the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin and the sympathomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, cisplatin forms highly reactive, positively charged, platinum complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces both intra- and inter-strand DNA cross-links. In addition, cisplatin forms DNA-Pt-protein cros… |
cis-Urocanic Acid |
A derivative of the amino acid histidine, formed in the mammalian skin from trans-urocanic acid upon ultraviolet radiation, and protodynamic agent, with potential anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activity. Upon intravesical instillation of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA), this agent is protonated at the imidazolyl moiety in the mildly acidic extracellular tumor environment and penetrates into the cancer cell. Once inside the cell and due to the slightly alkaline pH inside the tumor cell, c… |
Citarinostat |
An orally available histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, citarinostat inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibit tumor cell division and induce tumor ce… |
Citatuzumab Bogatox |
A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody Fab fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a modified bouganin cytotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Citatuzumab bogatox binds to EpCAM, delivering modified bouganin cytotoxin directly to EpCam-positive tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell protein synthesis and tumor cell death. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by… |
Cixutumumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Cixutumumab selectively binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and may decrease cancer cellular proliferation. IGF-1R, a receptor … |
Cizutamig |
A tetravalent, bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cizutamig binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, leading to C… |
CK1 Alpha Degrader CC-91633 |
An orally bioavailable degrader of casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1alpha; CK1a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CK1a degrader CC-91633 binds to and degrades CK1a, thereby inhibits the activity of CK1a. This prevents the enhanced binding of murine double minute X (MDMX) to p53, reduces the formation of CK1a and MDM2 complex, and prevents the interaction of MDM2 with p53. This prevents the inhibition of p53 and increases p53 activity. This induces p53-mediated cell … |
CK1 Alpha Degrader GLB-001 |
An orally bioavailable molecular glue degrader of casein kinase 1 alpha (CK1alpha; CK1a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CK1a degrader GLB-001 targets and binds to CK1a, and to E3 ubiquitin ligase, thereby creating a ternary complex. This induces E3 ligase ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of CK1a, and inhibits the activity of CK1a. This prevents the enhanced binding of murine double minute X (MDMX) to p53, reduces the formation of CK1a and … |
CK1alpha/CDK7/CDK9 Inhibitor BTX-A51 |
The ditosylated salt of A51, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of casein kinase 1alpha (CK1alpha) and cyclin-dependent kinases 7 and 9 (CDK7 and CDK9), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, BTX-A51 binds to and inhibits the activity of CK1alpha, CDK7, and CDK9. Blocking the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CK1alpha prevents the enhanced binding of murine double minute X (MDMX) to p53, the formation of CK1alpha and MDM2 complex, and the resulting inhibition of p53. … |
CK2-targeting Synthetic Peptide CIGB-300 |
A synthetic peptide targeting the substrates of casein kinase 2 (CK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and nucleolar localization, CK2-targeting synthetic peptide CIGB-300 binds to phosphoacceptor sites on the CK2 substrates, in particular the oncoprotein nucleophosmin (B23 or NPM1). This blocks the activation of B23 and induces apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cells. CK2, a protein kinase often overexpressed in a variety of canc… |
CL 246738 |
An immunomodulator, 3,6-bis(2-piperidinoethoxy) acridine trihydrochloride, used in a phase I study for possible immunostimulatory effects in colorectal cancer. (NCI) |
Cladribine |
A purine nucleoside antimetabolite analogue. Cladribine triphosphate, a phosphorylated metabolite of cladribine, incorporates into DNA, resulting in single-strand breaks in DNA, depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and apoptosis. Because this agent is resistant to adenosine deaminase, an enzyme that inactivates some antineoplastic agents, it is selectively toxic to lymphocytes and monocytes which exhibit little deoxynucleotide deaminase activ… |
Clanfenur |
A substituted benzoylphenylurea and an analogue of the pesticide diflubenzuron with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, clanfenur binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of microtubules, thereby preventing tumor cell replication. |
Clarithromycin |
A semisynthetic 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic. Clarithromycin binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis in susceptible organisms. Clarithromycin has been shown to eradicate gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphomas, presumably due to the eradication of tumorigenic Helicobacter pylori infection. This agent also acts as a biological response modulator, possibly inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor growth through alterations in growth… |
Claturafenib |
An orally bioavailable class 1 and 2 inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, claturafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of class 1 and 2 BRAF alterations. This inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells which express these BRAF alterations. BRAF, a member of the raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases, plays a role in the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)… |
CLEC12A-targeting CCR/Anti-ADGRE2 CAR T Cells ADCLEC.syn1 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the human myeloid-restricted adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E2 (ADGRE2; EGF-like module receptor 2; EMR2; CD312), and a chimeric costimulatory receptor (CCR) targeting C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A, C-type-lectin-like molecule-1; CLL-1; CLL1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CLEC12A-targeting CC… |
Clesitamig |
A trispecific T-cell engager antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), the T-cell costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, clesitamig targets and binds to DLL3 expressed on tumor cells, CD3 expressed on T-cells, and CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets inc… |
Clifutinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective, small molecule inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, clifutinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. |
Clifutinib Besylate |
The besylate salt form of clifutinib, an orally bioavailable, selective, small molecule inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, clifutinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. |
Clioquinol |
An orally bioavailable, lipophilic, copper-binding, halogenated 8-hydroxyquinoline with antifungal, antiparasitic and potential antitumor activities. Clioquinol forms a stable chelate with copper (copper (II) ions), which inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome; consequently, ubiquitinated proteins may accumulate in tumor cells, followed by tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. In addition, the clioquinol-copper complex appears to decrease the expres… |
Clivatuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Clivatuzumab binds to tumor cells expressing the MUC1 antigen and prevents MUC1-mediated signaling. MUC1, a mucin antigen, is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer but not in normal, healthy pancreatic cells. |
CLK Inhibitor BH-30236 |
An orally bioavailable macrocyclic ATP-competitive inhibitor of CDC2-like kinase (CLK) family kinases, including CLK1, CLK2 and CLK4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CLK inhibitor BH-30236 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CLK1/2/4, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) domain-containing splicing factors (SFs). This modulates RNA splicing, prevents the expression of certain tumor-associated genes, and inhibits tumor … |
CLK Inhibitor CTX-712 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CLK family kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CLK inhibitor CTX-712 binds to and inhibits the activity of CLK family kinases, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) domain-containing splicing factors (SFs). This modulates RNA splicing, prevents the expression of certain tumor-associated genes, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. In many cancer cells, core spliceosome proteins, including… |
Clofarabine |
A second generation purine nucleoside analog with antineoplastic activity. Clofarabine is phosphorylated intracellularly to the cytotoxic active 5’-triphosphate metabolite, which inhibits the enzymatic activities of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerase, resulting in inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis of DNA and RNA. This nucleoside analog also disrupts mitochondrial function and membrane integrity, resulting in the release of pre-apoptotic factors, including cytochrome C and apopto… |
Clomesone |
The 2-chloroethyl ester of (methylsulfonyl) methanesulfonic acid with potential antineoplastic effects. Acting as a chloroethylating agent, clomesone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks in some cell lines, and exhibits antitumor activity in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04) |
Clomiphene |
A triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04) |
Clomiphene Citrate |
The citrate salt form of clomiphene, a triphenylethylene nonsteroidal ovulatory stimulant evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. Clomiphene has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities that compete with estrogen for binding at estrogen receptor sites in target tissues. This agent causes the release of the pituitary gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to ovulation. (NCI04) |
Clostridium Novyi-NT Spores |
Spores of the bacterial strain Clostridium novyi-NT, the attenuated obligate anaerobic C. novyi, with potential immunostimulating, bacteriolytic, and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, Clostridium novyi-NT spores germinate exclusively in hypoxic tissue, such as avascular regions of tumors. Germination results in lysis and destruction of surrounding viable tumor cells. Due to their anaerobic nature, C. novyi-NT spores do not proliferate in oxygenated tumor regions. How… |
cMet CAR-mRNA Electroporated Autologous T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been electroporated with an mRNA encoding a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or cMet) scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) coupled to the co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB (CD137), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, cMet CAR-mRNA electroporated autologous T lymphocytes direct T-cells to… |
c-Met Inhibitor ABN401 |
An orally bioavailable, highly selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ABN401 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many … |
c-Met Inhibitor AMG 208 |
A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 208 inhibits the ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation of c-Met, inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in epithelial cell proliferation and has been shown to be overexpressed in a variet… |
c-Met Inhibitor AMG 337 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor AMG 337 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overex… |
c-Met Inhibitor ANS014004 |
An orally bioavailable, next-generation, type II inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Met inhibitor ANS014004 selectively targets and specifically binds to the inactive state of c-Met (DFG-out) in the ATP pocket and inhibits the activity of the c-Met protein, including various c-Met oncogenic alterations such as MET exon 14 skipping mutation (METdeltaex14) and acquired mutations in cod… |
c-Met Inhibitor DO-2 |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Met inhibitor DO-2 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mut… |
c-Met Inhibitor GST-HG161 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Met inhibitor GST-HG161 targets and binds to c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, surv… |
c-Met Inhibitor HS-10241 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HS-10241 targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many t… |
c-Met Inhibitor JNJ-38877605 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor JNJ-38877605 selectively inhibits c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) involved in cancer cell survival and invasiveness, and tumor angiogenesis. c-Met is also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR). |
c-Met Inhibitor MK2461 |
A selective small-molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor MK2461 preferentially inhibits activated c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity, which may inhibit c-Met signaling and result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, encoding the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) tyrosine kinase, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation and has been sh… |
c-Met Inhibitor MK8033 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of c-Met, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, c-Met inhibitor MK8033 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of the c-Met protein, which disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways and may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. In addition, MK8033 inhibits Ron (receptor originated from nantes, MST1R). c-Met protein, which is encoded by the proto-oncogene MET, is a rec… |
c-Met Inhibitor SPH3348 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Met inhibitor SPH3348 targets and binds to c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasio… |
c-Met/FLT3/TRK/CDK8/19 Inhibitor TSN084 |
An orally bioavailable type II protein kinase inhibitor of multiple kinases, including c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2), tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK), and cyclin-dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, c-Met/FLT3/TRK/CDK8/19 inhibitor TSN084 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of variou… |
c-Met-targeting Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager ABBV-303 |
An engineered immune modulating agent based on tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager therapy (TriNKET) that is targeting c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, c-Met-targeting tri-specific NK cell engager ABBV-303 targets and binds to c-Met on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells via the receptors CD16 and NKG2D (natural killer group 2D; killer cell lectin-like receptor K1; KLRK1… |
CMV pp65 mRNA Vaccine |
A lipid particle (LP)-based cancer vaccine containing messenger RNA (RNA) encoding the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CMV pp65 mRNA vaccine, the mRNA is taken up, translated and presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs). This may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CMV pp65-expressing tumor cells leading to tumor cell lysi… |
CMV pp65 Peptide-loaded Alpha-type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of mature polarized DCs (alpha-type-1 polarized DCs) loaded with the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) phosphoprotein pp65 (UL83), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CMV pp65 peptide-loaded alpha-type-1 polarized DC vaccine exposes the immune system to the CMV pp65 peptide, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CMV pp65-expressing tumor cells leading to tumor cell … |
CMV pp65 Peptide-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) phosphoprotein pp65, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CMV pp65 peptide-pulsed autologous DC vaccine exposes the immune system to the CMV pp65 peptide, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CMV pp65-expressing tumor cells leading to cell lysis. The CMV pp65 protein, also called the 65 kDa lower… |
CMVpp65-A*0201 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine containing a mutated form of the HLA-A0201-restricted cytomegaloviral epitope CMVpp65(495-503) with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, CMVpp65-A0201 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CMV-positive cells, resulting in cell lysis. HLA-A*0201 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells; epitope design restricted to epitopes that bind mos… |
C-myb Antisense Oligonucleotide G4460 |
A 24-base phosphorothiolate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) for the proto-oncogene c-myb with potential antineoplastic activity. C-myb antisense oligonucleotide G4460 binds to codon sequences 2 to 9 of c-myb mRNA, inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of c-myb expression with this agent may result in the restoration of normal differentiation pathways, increased antiproliferative effects, and the induction of apoptosis in early progenitor hematopoietic cells and in tumor c… |
c-Myb mRNA Degrader REM-422 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule mRNA degrader of the proto-oncogene c-Myb, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Myb mRNA degrader REM-422 promotes the inclusion of poison exon into the c-Myb pre-mRNA transcript, resulting in the degradation of c-Myb mRNA and the reduction of both c-Myb mRNA and c-Myb protein levels. This may decrease proliferation in tumor cells with c-Myb dysregulation or overexpression. c-Myb, an oncogenic transcription factor that play… |
c-Myb mRNA Degrader RGT-61159 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule mRNA modulator of the proto-oncogene c-Myb, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, c-Myb mRNA degrader RGT-61159 targets c-Myb RNA and selectively induces the inclusion of the cryptic “poison” exon into the c-Myb RNA transcript, resulting in the elimination of c-Myb mRNA transcript. This inhibits the production of the c-Myb protein. Suppression of c-Myb expression results in the restoration of normal differentiation pathways,… |
CNDO-109-activated Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of non-interleukin-2 primed, tumor activated allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells with potential immunostimulating activity. The allogeneic NK cells obtained from a first or second degree relative of the patient are co-incubated with a lysate from the CTV-1 cell line, a minimally differentiated myeloid line derived from an acute myelogenous leukemia patient. Infusion of CNDO-109-activated allogeneic NK cells may be able to lyse and destroy NK-resistant tumor cells and a broad sp… |
CNGRC Peptide-TNF Alpha Conjugate |
A cytokine-peptide conjugate composed of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) chemically linked to the peptide CNGRC. The peptide moiety CNGRC, a ligand for the membrane-bound metalloprotease CD13, binds to endothelial cells of the angiogenic vasculature that express CD13 (also known as aminopeptidase N); subsequently, the TNF-alpha moiety induces apoptosis in endothelial cells expressing CD13, thereby inhibiting tumor-associated angiogenesis. (NCI05) |
Cobimetinib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Cobimetinib specifically binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK1, resulting in inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase 2 (ERK2) phosphorylation and activation and decreased tumor cell proliferation. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that this agent is effective in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells bearing a B-RAF m… |
Cobolimab |
A monoclonal antibody against the inhibitory T-cell receptor, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cobolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated… |
Cobomarsen |
A locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based oligonucleotide inhibitor of microRNA (miRNA) 155 (miR-155), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cobomarsen targets, binds to and inhibits miR-155. This silences miR-155 and prevents the translation of certain tumor promoting genes, which leads to the induction of cancer cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell growth. miR-155, an oncogenic single-stranded, non-coding RNA that is critical to the regulation of gene expression, i… |
Codrituzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface oncofetal protein glypican-3 (GPC3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-GPC3 monoclonal antibody GC33 binds to GPC3 and triggers a host immune response against GPC3-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. GPC3, a heparin sulfate proteoglycan, is frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and mesoderm-derived organs such as the liver, lungs, and kidney. |
Coenzyme Q10 |
A naturally occurring benzoquinone important in electron transport in mitochondrial membranes. Coenzyme Q10 functions as an endogenous antioxidant; deficiencies of this enzyme have been observed in patients with many different types of cancer and limited studies have suggested that coenzyme Q10 may induce tumor regression in patients with breast cancer. This agent may have immunostimulatory effects. (NCI04) |
Cofetuzumab Pelidotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against human inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7 (PTK7) linked, via a cleavable valine-citrulline linker, to an analog of the auristatin microtubule inhibitor dolastatin 10, auristatin-0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cofetuzumab pelidotin targets and binds to PTK7 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and cleavage, auristatin-0101 binds to tubulin and inhibits its … |
Colchicine-Site Binding Agent ABT-751 |
An orally bioavailable antimitotic sulfonamide. ABT- 751 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of microtubules, thereby preventing tumor cell replication. This agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, reducing tumor blood flow and so inducing a cytotoxic effect. (NCI04) |
Cold Contaminant-free Iobenguane I-131 |
An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, manufactured with a proprietary process, with radioisotopic and potential antineoplastic activities. Cold contaminant-free iobenguane I 131 (MIBG) localizes to adrenergic tissue and may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that accumulate and metabolize norepinephrine. This agent is manufactured using a technology that avoids the production of unwanted “cold contaminants” (i.e., carrier molecules), which… |
Colloidal Gold-Bound Tumor Necrosis Factor |
A nanoparticle delivery system for recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (TNF) consisting of recombinant TNF bound to pegylated colloidal gold nanoparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, colloidal gold-bound recombinant human TNF travels through the bloodstream, avoiding immune detection and uptake by the reticuloendothelial system because of nanoparticle pegylation. Due to their size, the colloidal gold nanoparticles exit the circulatory system on… |
Colorectal Cancer Peptide Vaccine PolyPEPI1018 |
A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of six synthetic polypeptides directed against cancer testis antigens (CTAs) frequently expressed in colorectal cancers, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Colorectal cancer peptide vaccine PolyPEPI1018 potentially elicits a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against colorectal tumors expressing the CTAs associated with the vaccine, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. |
Colorectal Tumor-Associated Peptides Vaccine IMA910 |
A synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP)-based cancer vaccine directed against colorectal cancer with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Synthetic colorectal tumor-associated peptides vaccine IMA910 contains 13 different synthetic TUMAPs, each of which represents a tumor associated antigen (TAA) specific for colorectal cancer. Upon administration, this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against colorectal tumors expressing these TAAs, which ma… |
Coltuximab Ravtansine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Coltuximab ravtansine targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell… |
Combretastatin |
A stilbenoid phenol, originally isolated from the bark of the African bush willow tree Combretum caffrum, with vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Combretastatin targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby impairs the polymerization of tubulin dimers and prevents the formation of microtubules in the endothelial cells of tumor. As a result, this may eventually lead to a destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell n… |
Combretastatin A-1 |
A stilbenoid originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 (CA1) promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis; destruction of the tumor vasculature; disruption of tumor blood flow; and tumor cell necrosis. In addition, orthoquinone intermediates, metabolized from combretastatin A1 by oxidative enzymes found to be elevated in some tumor types, may… |
Combretastatin A1 Diphosphate |
The diphosphate prodrug of the stilbenoid combretastatin A1, originally isolated from the plant Combretum caffrum, with vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, combretastatin A1 diphosphate (CA1P) is dephosphorylated to the active metabolite combretastatin A1 (CA1), which promotes rapid microtubule depolymerization; endothelial cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis, destruction of the tumor vasculature, disruption of tumor blood flow and tumor cell necrosis may ens… |
Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation BMC128 |
An oral formulation composed of four unique and live commensal bacterial strains that are natural inhabitants of the human intestinal tract, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the commensal bacterial strain formulation BMC128, the bacterial strains may promote intra-tumoral lymphocytic infiltration and increase the population of natural killer (NK) cells, and cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. This may enhance anti-tumor immune response and ma… |
Commensal Bacterial Strain Formulation VE800 |
An orally bioavailable formulation composed of eleven alive, distinct nonpathogenic, nontoxigenic, human commensal bacterial strains, isolated from healthy human donor feces, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the commensal bacterial strain formulation VE800, the bacterial strains induce an interferon-gamma (IFN-g)-producing CD8-positive T-cell-mediated immune response in the intestines. This may activate an IFN-g-expressing CD8+ T-cell -med… |
Compound Kushen Injection |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation composed of compound Kushen injection (CKI) containing aqueous extracts from the roots of Kushen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis) and Baituling (Rhizoma smilacis Glabrae), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. CKI contains numerous chemicals including alkaloids, such as matrine and oxymatrine, flavonoids, alkylxanthones, quinones, triterpene glycosides, fatty acids, and essential oils. Although the exact mechanism(s) of ac… |
Conatumumab |
A fully human monoclonal agonist antibody directed against the extracellular domain of human TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) receptor 2 (TR-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Conatumumab mimics the activity of native TRAIL, binding to and activating TR-2, thereby activating caspase cascades and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. TR-2 is expressed by a variety of solid tumors and cancers of hematopoietic origin. |
Conbercept |
A recombinant, soluble, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) protein composed of the second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of VEGFR-1, the third and fourth Ig domains of VEGFR-2, and the constant region (Fc) of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon intravitreal injection, conbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds with high affinity to all VEGF-A isoforms, VEGF-B, as well as placenta growth factor (PlGF)-1 and PlGF-2. This pr… |
Concentrated Lingzhi Mushroom Extract |
A nutritional supplement and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a highly concentrated extract of the fruiting body of the red reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum; lingzhi), with potential immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, the concentrated lingzhi mushroom extract may support the body’s immune function and may support the immune system to eliminate tumor cells. The lingzhi mushroom extract contains high amounts of G. lucidum polysaccharides and G. lucidum… |
Conditionally Replicative Adenovirus 5/3-delta24 |
A replication competent, oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) with its knob domain of fiber protein substituted by that of the serotype 3 (Ad5/3-delta24), with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, oncolytic adenovirus Ad5/3-delta24 binds to specific Ad3 receptors that are highly expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5/3-delta24 in tumor cells and induces tumor cell lysis which may potentially result in the activation of a sy… |
Conditionally-activated Anti-EpCAM Antibody-drug Conjugate CX-2051 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM; EpCAM; CD326), linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable linker, and conjugated to a derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of conditionally-activated anti-EpCAM ADC CX-2051, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravasation into t… |
Contusugene Ladenovec |
A replication-defective adenoviral-CMV vector that encodes a wild-type p53 gene. Contusugene ladenovec induces tumor cells that have been transfected with the vector to produce wild-type p53, a tumor suppressor gene that is deleted or mutated in a significant number of cancers. In transfected tumor cells, the wild-type p-53 gene product exerts an antitumor effect by blocking cell cycle progression at the G1/S regulation point, activating DNA repair proteins in the presence of DNA damage, and … |
Copanlisib |
A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Copanlisib inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents. |
Copper Cu 64-ATSM |
A radioconjugate consisting of a lipophilic copper(II)bis(thiosemicarbazone) labeled with the positron- and beta-emitting isotope (64)Cu with hypoxia-selective and antineoplastic activities. With a high membrane permeability and redox potential, copper Cu 64-ATSM is preferentially taken up by hypoxic cells compared to normoxic cells; the extent of retention in tissue is inversely related to the state of tissue oxygenation allowing the quantitation of tissue hypoxia by positron emission tomogr… |
Copper Cu 67 SAR-bisPSMA |
A radioconjugate composed of two human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-binding motifs linked to a sarcophagine (SAR)-based chelator and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope copper Cu 67, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of copper Cu 67 SAR-bisPSMA, the PSMA-binding motifs target and bind to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) an… |
Copper Cu 67 SAR-bombesin |
A radioconjugate composed of bombesin (BBN), a tetra-decapeptide that binds with high affinity to the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), linked by the sarcophagine chelator (SAR) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope copper Cu 67, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of copper Cu 67 SAR-BBN, the BBN moiety targets and binds to GRPR, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to GRPR-expressing tumor cells. GRPR, also called bombesin rec… |
Copper Cu 67 Ucasareotide Dasaroxetan |
A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional chelator 5-(8-methyl-3,6,10,13,16,19-hexaaza-bicyclo[6.6.6]icosan-1-ylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (MeCOSar) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope copper Cu 67, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, copper Cu 67 ucasareotide dasaroxetan binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the ce… |
Copper Gluconate |
The orally bioavailable copper salt of D-gluconic acid. In addition to its roles as an enzyme cofactor for cytochrome C oxidase and superoxide dismutase, copper forms complexes with the thiocarbamate disulfiram (DSF) forming DSF-copper complexes, which enhances the DSF-mediated inhibition of the 26S proteasome; proteasome inhibition may result in inhibition of cellular protein degradation, cessation of cell cycle progression, inhibition of cellular proliferation, and the induction of apoptosi… |
Cord Blood Derived CAR T-Cells |
A preparation of umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets an as of yet unidentified tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the cord blood derived CAR T-cells, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells expressing the TAA. |
Cord Blood-derived Expanded Allogeneic Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived and ex vivo-expanded allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells, with immunomodulating and cytotoxic activities. Upon infusion of the cord blood-derived expanded allogeneic NK cells, these cells recognize and bind to tumor cells, and secrete perforins, granzymes, and cytokines, which cause cancer cell lysis. |
Cordycepin |
A purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylino… |
Cordycepin Triphosphate |
The triphosphate salt of cordycepin, a purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic isolated from the fungus Cordyceps militaris with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cordycepin is an inhibitor of polyadenylation, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and reduces mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine k… |
CoREST Inhibitor TNG260 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)-containing co-repressor of repressor element-1 silencing transcription (CoREST) complex, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration, CoREST inhibitor TNG260 binds to CoREST complex and inhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC1, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This m… |
Coriolus Versicolor Extract |
An extract derived from the mushroom Coriolus versicolor, containing polysaccharide K (PSK) and polysaccharide-peptide (PSP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Coriolus versicolor extract has been shown to stimulate the production of lymphocytes and cytokines, such as interferons and interleukins, and may exhibit antioxidant activities. However, the precise mechanism of action(s) of this agent is unknown. |
Corticorelin Acetate |
The acetate salt form of coticorelin, a synthetic peptide of neurohormone corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), with potential antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities. Upon administration, corticorelin stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. In turn, ACTH stimulates cortisol production from the adrenal cortex and is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism. Corticorelin appears to inhibit swelling around brain tumors through reduction in … |
Cortisone Acetate |
The acetate salt form of cortisone, a synthetic or semisynthetic analog of the naturally occurring cortisone hormone produced by the adrenal glands with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Cortisone acetate diffuses through the cell membrane and binds to nuclear glucocorticoid receptors. The receptor-ligand complex binds to promotor regions of certain genes and initiates RNA transcription. This results in an induction of synthesis of certain anti-inflammatory proteins while inh… |
Cosibelimab |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cosibelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation cau… |
Cositecan |
A synthetic silicon-containing agent related to camptothecin with antineoplastic properties. Cositecan stabilizes the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks and consequently triggering apoptosis. Because it is lipophilic, cositecan exhibits enhanced tissue penetration and bio-availability compared to water-soluble camptothecins. |
Cotsiranib |
A polypeptide nanoparticle (PNP)-based small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutic directed against transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intralesional administration, cotsiranib binds to both TGF-beta 1 and COX-2 messenger RNAs (mRNAs), preventing the translation and expression of TGF-beta 1 and COX-2 proteins. This inhibits TGF-beta 1-mediated signaling and abrogates TGF-beta 1-mediated immunosuppression, whi… |
COX-2 Inhibitor ECP-1014 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), with potential analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, COX-2 inhibitor ECP-1014 inhibits COX-2, thereby inhibiting the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This may reduce pain and inflammation. The COX-2/PGE 2 pathway may also play an important role in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune suppression in the … |
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168 |
A synthetic, 21-mer, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), with immunostimulatory activity. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide GNKG168 binds to and activates Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and is taken up into cells by endocytosis; once internalized, it may activate numerous signaling transduction pathways resulting in the release of multiple cytokines, such as immunoglobulins (Igs), interferons (IFNs), interleukins (ILs) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Through activation of TLR9, this… |
CpG-STAT3 siRNA CAS3/SS3 |
A Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist/STAT3 siRNA conjugate composed of a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and a short interfering RNA (siRNAs) directed against signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CpG-STAT3 siRNA CAS3/SS3, the CpG ODN moiety binds to and activates TLR9, and the conjugate is internalized by various antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs), macrop… |
cPLA2 Inhibiting Silicone-based Gel AVX001 |
A topical preparation composed of a silicone gel containing a docosahexaenoic acid derivative and cytosolic group IVA phospholipase A2 alpha (cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IVA; cPLA2a; GIVA cPLA2; Group IVA cPLA2) inhibitor, with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Upon topical application to the affected site(s), the cPLA2 inhibiting silicone-based gel AVX001 binds to and inhibits the activity of cPLA2alpha. This may inhibit cPLA2alpha-mediated inflammation. cPLA2alpha catalyzes the rel… |
c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 5132 |
A synthetic, 20-base antisense oligodeoxynucleotide that hybridizes to c-raf kinase messenger RNA. ISIS 5132 has been shown to specifically suppress Raf-1 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Raf-1 serine/threonine kinase functions as a critical effector of Ras-mediated signal transduction; constitutive activation of this pathway directly contributes to malignant transformation. (NCI04) |
Crelosidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of mutant form of the isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including the substitution mutation at arginine (R) in position 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crelosidenib specifically and covalently binds to and modifies a single cysteine (Cys269) in the allosteric binding pocket of mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inactivating IDH1. This inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hy… |
Crenigacestat |
An orally available inhibitor of the integral membrane protein gamma-secretase (GS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, crenigacestat binds to the GS protease complex, thereby blocking the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and… |
Crenolanib |
An orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in PDGFR an… |
Crenolanib Besylate |
The besylate salt form of crenolanib, an orally bioavailable benzimidazole targeting the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) subtypes alpha and beta and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, crenolanib binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of PDGFR and Flt3, which may result in the inhibition of PDGFR- and Flt3-related signal transduction pathways. This results in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis an… |
Cretostimogene Grenadenorepvec |
A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus encoding the immunohematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cretostimogene grenadenorepvec selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cells lysis. Synergistically, GM-CSF expressed by the oncolytic adenovirus may promote a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells harboring the oncolytic adenovirus, resulting in an immune… |
CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered TGFbRII-deleted Anti-EGFR CAR T-cells |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes genetically engineered to express an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) gene and gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of transforming growth factor-beta receptor II (TGFbRII), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CRISPR-Cas9 engineered TGFbRII-deleted anti-EGFR CAR T-cel… |
CRISPR-Cas9-mediated PD-1 and TCR Gene-deleted Anti-mesothelin CAR T-cells |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin and gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to eliminate endogenous TCR and programmed death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed cell death-1) expression, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The CRISPR guide RNA (gRNA) specifically targets and binds to co… |
Crizotinib |
An orally available aminopyridine-based inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and the c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Crizotinib, in an ATP-competitive manner, binds to and inhibits ALK kinase and ALK fusion proteins. In addition, crizotinib inhibits c-Met kinase, and disrupts the c-Met signaling pathway. Altogether, this agent inhibits tumor cell growth. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays… |
CRL4-CRBN Modulator KPG-818 |
An orally bioavailable modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CRL4-CRBN modulator KPG-818 specifically targets and binds to cereblon (CRBN) of the E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4-CRBN) complex, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of … |
Crolibulin |
A small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Microtubulin inhibitor EPC2407 binds to the colchicine-binding site on beta-tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin into microtubules, which may result in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. As a vascular disruption agent (VDA), this agent also disrupts tumor neovascularization, which may result in a reduction in tumor blood flow and t… |
Cryptophycin |
The cryptophycins are a family of 16-membered macrolide antimitotic agents isolated from the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. The mechanism of anticancer activity of the cryptophycins has been associated with their destabilization of microtubules and induction of bcl-2 phosphorylation leading to apoptosis. Cryptophycins demonstrated activity against the wide spectrum of solid tumors including those that overexpress the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein. (NCI) |
Cryptophycin 52 |
A member of the cryptophycin family of antitumor agents that binds to microtubules, inducing growth arrest and apoptosis in solid tumors. (NCI) |
CSF1R Inhibitor HMPL-653 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CSF1R inhibitor HMPL-653 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Thi… |
CSF1R Inhibitor PLX73086 |
An inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CSF1R inhibitor PLX73086 targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the tumor tissue and prevents TAM-related tumor cell growth. CSF1R, also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and CD115 (cluster of differentiation 115),… |
CSF-1R/DDR1/VEGFR2 Inhibitor C019199 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), discoid domain receptor type 1 (DDR1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CSF-1R/DDR1/VEGFR2 inhibitor C019199 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CSF-1R. This inhibits CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting the activities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM… |
CT2584 |
A lipid metabolism and phosphatidic acid modulator, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CT-2584 inhibits phospholipid signaling which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. |
CT2584 Mesylate |
The mesylate form of CT-2584, a lipid metabolism and phosphatidic acid modulator, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CT-2584 inhibits phospholipid signaling which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. |
CTPS1 Inhibitor STP938 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of cytidine triphosphate synthase 1 (CTPS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CTPS1 inhibitor STP938 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CTPS1, thereby decreasing the production of cytidine triphosphate (CTP), an essential building block of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). This may disrupt DNA and RNA synthesis and trigger apoptosis. CTPS1, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limi… |
Cudarolimab |
An agonistic fully human anti-OX40 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4; CD134; OX40L receptor) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cudarolimab selectively binds to and activates OX40. Receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member … |
Cultured Lentinula edodes Mycelia Extract |
An orally bioavailable capsule-based formulation of a standardized extract of cultured Lentinula edodes (Shiitake mushroom) mycelia (ECLM), which is high in the polysaccharides beta- and alpha-glucans, with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the cultured Lentinula edodes mycelia extract activates the immune system, by binding to toll-like receptors (TLRs), specifically TLR-4, and induces the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), nat… |
Curcumin |
A phytopolylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, with a variety of pharmacologic properties. Curcumin blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, possesses anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involved in inflammation; and disrupts cell signal transduction by various mechanisms including inhibition of protein kinase C. These effects may play a role in the agent’s observed antineopl… |
Curcumin/Doxorubicin-encapsulating Nanoparticle IMX-110 |
A water-soluble, nano-sized formulation composed of nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble curcumin, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3), nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-kB) and poly-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), and the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the curcumin/doxorubicin-encapsulating nanoparticle IMX-110, the curcumin moiety targets and inhibits the activation of STA… |
Cusatuzumab |
A defucosylated, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, cusatuzumab selectively binds to, and neutralizes the activity of CD70, which may also induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD70-expressing tumor cells. CD70, the ligand for the costimulatory receptor CD27 and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, is found on a n… |
Custirsen Sodium |
The eicosasodium salt of a mixed-backbone antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with chemosensitizing properties. Custirsen inhibits testosterone-repressed prostate message-2 (TRPM-2). Administration of custirsen abrogates the anti-apoptotic effect of TRPM-2, thereby sensitizing cells to chemotherapy and resulting in tumor cell death. TRPM-2 is an anti-apoptotic clusterin that is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells and is associated with chemoresistance. |
C-VISA BikDD:Liposome |
A formulation composed of DOTAP:cholesterol liposome nanoparticles complexed with the plasmid C-VISA BiKDD, with potential antineoplastic activity. C-VISA BikDD: liposome consists of a pancreatic-cancer-specific expression vector VISA (VP16-GAL4-WPRE integrated systemic amplifier) and a pancreatic-cancer-specific promoter CCKAR (cholecystokinin type A receptor) (CCKAR-VISA or C-VISA) which drives expression of the gene BikDD, a mutant form of the potent proapoptotic gene Bik (Bcl-2 interactin… |
Cx43 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ALMB-0168 |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting connexin43 (Cx43; gap junction alpha-1 protein) hemichannels, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Cx43 agonistic monoclonal antibody ALMB-0168 binds to the extracellular domain of Cx43 and activates the Cx43 hemichannels expressed on osteocytes, but not those in gap junctions. This causes the Cx43 hemichannels to open and release several factors including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the extracellular environmen… |
CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonist AZD5069 |
An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CXC chemokine receptor 2 antagonist AZD5069 directly binds to CXCR2 and inhibits its activation. This inhibits CXCR2-mediated signaling and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in CXCR2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, AZD5069 reduces both neutrophil recruitment and migration from the systemic circulation … |
CXCR1/2 Inhibitor RP72 |
A small molecular weight protein and an inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CXCR1/2 inhibitor RP72 targets and binds to CXCR1 and CXCR2 and prevents CXCR1 and CXCR2 activation by its ligand interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This blocks CXCL8-mediated signal transduction and may cause cancer stem cell (CSC) apoptosis. This may also reduce both recruitment and migra… |
CXCR1/2 Inhibitor SX-682 |
An orally bioavailable, selective and reversible antagonist of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration CXCR1/2 inhibitor SX-682 selectively and allosterically binds to CXCR 1 and 2 and inhibits their activation by tumor-secreted chemokines. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutroph… |
CXCR2 Antagonist QBM076 |
An orally available small molecule antagonist of the G protein-coupled receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, QBM076 binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR2, resulting in reduced neutrophil recruitment, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) accumulation, and may potentially slow tumorigenesis and metastatic processes. CXCR2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer types, predominately in neutr… |
CXCR2-transduced Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that are transduced, ex vivo, with a retroviral vector encoding a gene for CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the CXCR2-transduced autologous TILs, the CXCR2-expressing T-cells selectively migrate toward tumor cells expressing CXCR2 ligands, which leads to tumor cell killing. CXCR2 expression allows for optimal TIL migration towards tumor cells and enhances the TILs … |
CXCR3/IL-12/TGFb1 Inhibitor Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus VET3-TGI |
An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV) genetically engineered to express C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CXCR3), the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), and an inhibitor of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of CXCR3/IL-12/TGFb1 inhibitor engineered oncolytic VV VET3-TGI, the virus preferentially targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells, particularly tumor cells expres… |
CXCR4 Antagonist USL311 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, USL311 binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibiting CXCR4 activation, which may result in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, plays an important role in chemota… |
CXCR4 Inhibitor Q-122 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXCR4 with potential antineoplastic and antiviral activities. CXCR4 inhibitor MSX-122 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the GPCR (G protein-coupled receptor) gene family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis and is upregu… |
CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist LY2510924 |
An inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, CXCR4 inhibitor LY2510924 binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, thereby preventing CXCR4 binding to its ligand, stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and subsequent receptor activation. This may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) gene family, plays an important role in ch… |
CXCR4/E-selectin Antagonist GMI-1359 |
An antagonist of both the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and E-selectin (CD62E), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CXCR4/E-selectin antagonist GMI-1359 binds to both CXCR4 and E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells. The binding to CXCR4 prevents the binding of stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) to CXCR4 and inhibits CXCR4 activation, which may result in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-expressing tumor cells. The binding to E-sel… |
CXCR4-modified Anti-BCMA CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17) with modification of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the CXCR4-modified anti-BCMA CAR T cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing BCMA and induce selective cytotoxicity in those tumor cells. T… |
Cyclin B1 Peptide-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with cyclin B1 peptide, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, cyclin B1 peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and anti-cyclin B1 antibody responses against cyclin B1-expressing cancer cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Cyclin B1, a key regulator of the cell cycle and cell division, is overexpressed… |
Cyclin-dependent Kinase 8/19 Inhibitor BCD 115 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 8 and 19 (CDK8/19), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, CDK8/19 inhibitor BCD 115 binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK8/19, which prevents activation of CDK8/19-mediated oncogenic signaling pathways, blocks selective transcription of certain tumor promoting genes, and inhibits proliferation of CDK8/19-overexpressing tumor cells. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases involved in th… |
Cyclodisone |
A cyclic sulfonate ester with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, clyclodisone induces the formation of DNA interstrand crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, and alkali-labile lesions in the DNA of some tumor cell lines. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04) |
Cycloleucine |
A non-metabolizable synthetic amino acid, formed through the cyclization of the amino acid leucine, with immunosuppressive, antineoplastic, and cytostatic activities. Cycloleucine competitively inhibits the enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase, resulting in the inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesis from methionine and ATP, and subsequent nucleic acid methylation and polyamine production; RNA, and perhaps to a lesser extent, DNA biosyntheses and cell cycle progression are finally… |
Cyclopentenyl Cytosine |
A pro-drug carbocyclic analogue of cytidine with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Cyclopentenyl cytosine (CPEC) is converted to the active metabolite cyclopentenyl cytosine 5’-triphosphate (CPEC-TP); CPEC-TP competitively inhibits cytidine triphosphate (CTP) synthase, thereby depleting intracellular cytidine pools and inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also induce differentiation of some tumor cell types. The antiviral activity of this agent is broad-spectrum. |
Cyclophosphamide |
A synthetic alkylating agent chemically related to the nitrogen mustards with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. In the liver, cyclophosphamide is converted to the active metabolites aldophosphamide and phosphoramide mustard, which bind to DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and initiating cell death. |
Cyclophosphamide Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of cyclophosphamide, a synthetic nitrogen mustard alkylating agent, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. In the liver, cyclophosphamide is converted to active metabolites including phosphoramide mustard, which binds to and crosslinks DNA and RNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and protein synthesis. This agent, at low doses, is also a potent immunosuppressant primarily by depleting T-regulatory cells. |
CYL-02 Plasmid DNA |
A gene transfer preparation of a plasmid DNA encoding mouse somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) and a fusion protein of human deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and uridine monophosphate kinase (UMK), complexed to a synthetic polycationic carrier, polyethylenimine, with antineoplastic adjuvant application. Upon administration, CYL-02 plasmid DNA expresses DCK::UMK fusion protein that converts gemcitabine into its toxic phosphorylated metabolite. Expression of sst2 protein by this agent could induc… |
CYP11A1 Inhibitor INV-9956 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc) (CYP11A1; P450 11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CYP11A1 inhibitor INV-9956 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit the proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregneno… |
CYP11A1 Inhibitor ODM-209 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc)(CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CYP11A1 inhibitor ODM-209 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit the proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), which is the… |
CYP17 Lyase Inhibitor ASN001 |
An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17 lyase inhibitor ASN001 selectively binds to and inhibits the lyase activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, resulting in a significant reduction in androgen production to castrate-range levels. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling an… |
CYP17/Androgen Receptor Inhibitor ODM 204 |
An orally available inhibitor of both the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17) and androgen receptor (AR), with potential anti-androgen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CYP17/AR inhibitor ODM 204 selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may both decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and inhibit the proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor ce… |
CYP17/CYP11B2 Inhibitor LAE001 |
An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, potent, reversible, dual inhibitor of cytochrome P450 17 (CYP17 or CYP17A1) and CYP11B2, with potential antiandrogen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LAE001 inhibits the enzymatic activity of CYP17A1 in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. LAE001 also inhibits the enzyma… |
Cyproterone |
A synthetic steroidal anti-androgen with antineoplastic activity. Cyproterone, in its acetate form, binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progesterogenic activity, resulting in a reduction in testicular androgen secretion and total androgen blockade. (NCI04) |
Cyproterone Acetate |
The acetate salt of a synthetic steroidal antiandrogen with weak progestational and antineoplastic activities. Cyproterone binds the androgen receptor (AR), thereby preventing androgen-induced receptor activation in target tissues and inhibiting the growth of testosterone-sensitive tumor cells. This agent also exerts progestational agonist properties at the level of the pituitary that reduce luteinizing hormone (LH), resulting in reductions in testicular androgen secretion and serum testoster… |
Cytarabine |
An antimetabolite analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose). Cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. (NCI04) |
Cytarabine Monophosphate Prodrug MB07133 |
A prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of the antimetabolite cytarabine (araCMP), an analogue of cytidine with a modified sugar moiety (arabinose instead of ribose), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the cytarabine MP prodrug MB07133, the targeting moiety of this agent specifically delivers the cytarabine moiety to the liver. In turn, araCMP is selectively converted to araC triphosphate (araCTP) by a liver kinase, where it binds to and competes with cytidine for… |
Cytochlor |
A radio-sensitizing pyrimidine nucleoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Cytochlor is metabolized first to a phosphate derivative, CldCMP, by the enzyme deoxycytidine kinase and then to the active uracyl derivative, CldUMP, by the enzyme dCMP deaminase; deoxycytidine kinase and dCMP deaminase have been found in abnormally high concentrations in most cancers. CldUMP, the active metabolite, incorporates into DNA and, upon exposure to radiation, induces the formation of uracil radicals… |
Cytokine-based Biologic Agent IRX-2 |
A cell-free mixture comprised of a variety of naturally-derived cytokines obtained from normal, unrelated donor lymphocytes with potential immunostimulatory activity. The cytokines in IRX-2, including interleukin (IL)-1, -2, -6, -8, -10, -12, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and colony stimulating factors (CSFs), play vital roles in regulating cellular immunity and may synergistically stimulate a cellular immune response against tumor cells. |
Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells |
A preparation of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. CIK cells are generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) by sequential ex vivo incubation with a monoclonal antibody against CD3 (anti-CD3), interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), followed by expansion. CIK cells are heterogeneous cells comprising CD3+CD56- T cells, CD3-CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells, and CD3+CD56+ natural killer T (NKT) cells. Upon admin… |
Cytokine-treated Veto Cells |
A preparation of activated veto cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. White blood cells (WBCs), taken from either the patient or a healthy third-party donor, are processed and ex-vivo treated with an as of yet not disclosed mix of cytokines to activate specific cytotoxic veto cells. Upon administration, the veto cells specifically target and bind to tumor or foreign cells, thereby inducing apoptosis. Veto cells are able to selectively activate the immune syste… |
Cytotoxic Agent-LAT1 Substrate QBS10072S |
A blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetrative agent composed of a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic domain, tertiary N-bis(2-chloroethyl)amine, linked to the structural features of a selective large amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) substrate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of QBS10072S, the LAT1 substrate binds to LAT1 expressed on the BBB and in LAT1-expressing cancer cells, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). After entering the brain and binding to LAT1-expressing tumor ce… |
D1/3-Mage-3-His Fusion Protein |
A recombinant, chimeric protein derived from a melanoma antigenic epitope (MAGE-3) and recognized by specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. MAGE-3, a human peptide epitope present in the cytosol of melanoma cells, may be expressed as the fusion protein D1/3-Mage-3; this fusion protein may boost antitumoral immune responses when used in a vaccine formulation. (NCI04) |
DAB389 Epidermal Growth Factor |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the diphtheria toxin with the receptor-binding domain replaced by human epidermal growth factor (EGF). When administered, EGF binds to the endothelial cell growth factor receptor, EGFR, which is upregulated in many solid tumors. After binding to the EGF receptor, the agent is internalized by the cell, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect, inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2. (NCI04) |
Dabrafenib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. |
Dabrafenib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of dabrafenib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of B-raf (BRAF) protein with potential antineoplastic activity. Dabrafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of B-raf, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells which contain a mutated BRAF gene. B-raf belongs to the raf/mil family of serine/threonine protein kinases and plays a role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. |
Dacarbazine |
A triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dacarbazine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Dacetuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD40 receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacetuzumab specifically binds to and inhibits the CD40 receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress this receptor. The CD40 receptor, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor super-family, is highly expressed on most B lineage hematologic malignancies including multipl… |
DACH Polymer Platinate AP5346 |
A low molecular weight polymer-conjugated platinum complex with potential antineoplastic activity. This polymer drug delivery system consists of cytotoxic diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-platinum (Pt) coupled to a water-soluble biocompatible hydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer via a pH sensitive linker. Due to decreased pH at the tumor site, the linker is cleaved and the chelated active moiety DACH-Pt is released in tumor cells. DACH-Pt alkylates macromolecules and causes both inter- and i… |
DACH-Platin Micelle NC-4016 |
Polymeric micellar nanoparticles containing diaminocyclohexane platinum (DACH-platin or DACH-Pt) with potential antineoplastic activity. DACH-platin micelle NC-4016 is prepared through the formation of a polymer-metal complex between DACH-platin and the polyethylene glycol-poly (glutamic acid) block copolymer, PEG-P(Glu). DACH-platin, an active metabolite of the platinum-based antineoplastic agent oxaliplatin, is highly hydrophobic and toxic when administered systemically. The use of polymeri… |
Daclizumab |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody interleukin-2 receptor antagonist. Daclizumab binds specifically to the alpha subunit of the human interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expressed on the surface of activated lymphocytes in vivo, thereby inhibiting IL-2 binding and IL-2-mediated lymphocyte activation, a critical cellular immune response pathway. |
Dacomitinib |
A highly selective, orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the HER family of tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Dacomitinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits human Her-1, Her-2, and Her-4, resulting in the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. |
Dactinomycin |
A chromopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces parvulus. Dactinomycin intercalates between adjacent guanine-cytosine base pairs, blocking the transcription of DNA by RNA polymerase; it also causes single-strand DNA breaks, possibly via a free-radical intermediate or an interaction with topoisomerase II. (NCI04) |
Dactolisib |
An orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR… |
Dactolisib Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of dactolisib, an orally bioavailable imidazoquinoline targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dactolisib inhibits PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR kinase signaling pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, surv… |
Dalantercept |
A soluble fusion protein containing the extracellular domain of activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK1) fused to a human Fc domain (ALK1-Fc fusion protein), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalantercept binds to various ALK1 ligands, preventing activation of tumor cell ALK1 receptors and so inhibiting the ALK1 signaling pathway; growth factor-induced angiogenesis is thus inhibited, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation an… |
Dalmitamig |
A bispecific antibody directed against both human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalmitamig binds to both CD28 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and EGFR found on EGFR-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, which may result in the CTL-mediated cell death of EGFR-expressing tumor cells…. |
Dalnicastobart |
A humanized, agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalnicastobart targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells…. |
Dalotuzumab |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dalotuzumab binds to membrane-bound IGF1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF1R, a tyrosine kinase and a membe… |
Dalpiciclib |
A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dalpiciclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell… |
Dalpiciclib Isethionate |
The isethionate salt form of dalpiciclib, an orally bioavailable cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, dalpiciclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6… |
Dalutrafusp Alfa |
A bifunctional fusion protein composed of a humanized aglycosylated immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) antibody directed against the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), fused to the extracellular domain of human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dalutrafusp alfa targets and binds to both CD73 expressed on … |
Danburstotug |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, danburstotug specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling a… |
Daniquidone |
A water-insoluble heterocyclic amide with potential antineoplastic activity. Daniquidone inhibits topoisomerases I and II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and RNA and protein synthesis. The acetylated form of daniquidone is highly toxic and is capable of inducing unscheduled DNA synthesis; rapid acetylators are more likely to experience toxicity with this agent. |
Danusertib |
A small-molecule 3-aminopyrazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Danusertib binds to and inhibits the Aurora kinases, which may result in cell growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which Aurora kinases are overexpressed. This agent may preferentially bind to and inhibit Aurora B kinase. Aurora kinases, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are important regulators of cellular proliferation and division. |
Danvatirsen |
An antisense oligonucleotide targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with potential antitumor activity. Danvatirsen binds to STAT3 mRNA, thereby inhibiting translation of the transcript. Suppression of STAT3 expression induces tumor cell apoptosis and decreases tumor cell growth. STAT3, a protein overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a critical role in tumor cell growth and survival. |
Danvilostomig |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, danvilostomig targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs), and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation … |
Dapolsertib |
An orally available inhibitor of PIM family serine/threonine protein kinases and mutant forms of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, dapolsertib binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3, and mutant forms of FLT3, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, an inhibition of cell proliferation, and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress PIMs or exp… |
Dapolsertib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of dapolsertib, an orally available inhibitor of PIM family serine/threonine protein kinases and mutant forms of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, dapolsertib binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3, and mutant forms of FLT3, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, an inhibition of cell proliferation, and an induction of apoptosis… |
Daporinad |
A small molecule with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Daporinad binds to and inhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase), inhibiting the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from niacinamide (vitamin B3), which may deplete energy reserves in metabolically active tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit tumor cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the inhibitio… |
Daratumumab |
A human immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD38, with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, daratumumab targets and binds to CD38 expressed on tumor cells. This triggers direct cell killing, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cell mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) and antibody-mediated complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in CD38-expressing tumor cells. In addition, bi… |
Daratumumab and Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase |
A co-formulation composed of daratumumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 38 (CD-38; CD38), and a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase (rHuPH20), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of daratumumab and hyaluronidase-fihj, daratumumab targets and binds to CD38 on certain CD38-expressing tumors, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and plasma cell leukemia. This bin… |
Dargistotug |
An inhibitor of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), a co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dargistotug targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus recep… |
Darinaparsin |
A small-molecule organic arsenical with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unclear, darinaparsin, a highly toxic metabolic intermediate of inorganic arsenicals (iAs) that occurs in vivo, appears to generate volatile cytotoxic arsenic compounds when glutathione (GSH) concentrations are low. The arsenic compounds generated from darinaparsin disrupt mitochondrial bioenergetics, producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing ROS-mediated tumor cell … |
Darleukin |
An immunoconjugate consisting of the recombinant form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The L19 moiety of L19-IL2 monoclonal antibody-cytokine fusion protein binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the IL-2 moiety may locally activate natural killer (NK… |
Darolutamide |
A formulation containing an androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Darolutamide binds to ARs in target tissues; subsequently, inhibiting androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitating the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. This ultimately leads to an inhibition of growth in AR-expressing prostate canc… |
Daromun |
A combination of darleukin (L19-IL2), an immunocytokine consisting of the recombinant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2), fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), and fibromun (L19-TNFalpha), an immunocytokine consisting of human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human scFv antibody fragment directed against the ED-B of L19, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administrati… |
Darovasertib |
An orally available protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, darovasertib inds to and inhibits PKC, which prevents the activation of PKC-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is involved in tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion a… |
Dasatinib |
An orally bioavailable synthetic small molecule-inhibitor of SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases. Dasatinib binds to and inhibits the growth-promoting activities of these kinases. Apparently because of its less stringent binding affinity for the BCR-ABL kinase, dasatinib has been shown to overcome the resistance to imatinib of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells harboring BCR-ABL kinase domain point mutations. SRC-family protein-tyrosine kinases interact with a variety of cell-surface recep… |
Dasminapant |
A small molecule, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC)-mimetic targeting inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) with potential apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dasminapant selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs including X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways and enhance proteasomal degradati… |
Datopotamab Deruxtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2) conjugated, via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the datopotamab deruxtecan, the anti-TROP2 antib… |
Daunorubicin |
An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Daunorubicin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Daunorubicin Citrate |
A semi-synthetic anthracycline glycoside antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces with antineoplastic activity. Daunorubicin citrate intercalates DNA, which leads to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis, and consequently blocks cell division and results in apoptosis. This anti-tumor antibiotic is most active in the S phase of cell division. Daunorubicin is indicated in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers including acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Ewing’s sarcoma, Wilm… |
Daunorubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Daunorubicin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Davamotecan Pegadexamer |
A formulation of camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, conjugated with to a hydrophilic, cyclodextrin-based linear polymer with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of davamotecan pegadexamer, camptothecin is slowly released from the formulation at the tumor site and taken up by tumor cells. During the S phase of the cell cycle, camptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting… |
Davoceticept |
A fusion protein composed of the N-terminal Ig variable-like (IgV) domain of CD80 fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc fragment, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, davoceticept targets and binds to programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) expressed on tumor cells, which blocks its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of diff… |
Davutamig |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody that targets two different epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MET (c-MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, davutamig targets and binds to two different, non-overlapping epitopes on MET expressed on thd tumor cell surface, thereby forming unique davutamig-MET complexes. The binding of davutamig to the MET epitopes and the unique complex formation causes MET internalization a… |
Dazostinag |
An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, dazostinag targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by dendritic cells… |
Dazostinag Disodium |
The disodium salt form of dazostinag, an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, dazostinag targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associa… |
DC-OVA Vaccine |
An autologous, multivalent dendritic cell vaccine targeting ovarian cancer with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. DC-OVA vaccine is produced in vitro by pulsing autologous dendritic cells with killed autologous primary ovarian tumors as a source of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs); the pulsed DCs are then matured using various cytokines. Upon administration, DC-OVA vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against ovarian cancer TAA-expressing ovar… |
DCR Ligand-Bearing Liposome-Encapsulated Melanoma Antigens Vaccine |
A cancer cell-based vaccine containing liposome encapsulated melanoma antigens and an immunomodulatory factor, attached, via a metal chelator, to a dendritic cell receptor (DCR) ligand-containing a metal-affinity tag, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of DCR ligand-bearing liposome-encapsulated melanoma antigens vaccine, the DCR ligand moiety of this vaccine targets receptors on dendritic cells (DCs), thereby presenting the antigens t… |
DDR1-2/VEGFR2-3/PDGFRalpha-beta Inhibitor ICP-033 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DDR1-2/VEGFR2-3/PDGFRalpha-beta inhibitor ICP-033 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of numerous RTKs including discoid domain receptor type 1 (DDR1) and 2 (DDR2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors type 2 (VEGFR2) and 3 (VEGFR3) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRa) and beta (PDGFRb). By inhibiting… |
DDX5 Degrader FL118 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule derivative of camptothecin, a component found in the bark and stem of a tree native to China, and a degrader of the oncoprotein DEAD box polypeptide 5 (DDX5; RNA helicase p68), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DDX5 degrader FL118 targets, binds to, dephosphorylates, and degrades DDX5 via the proteasome degradation pathway. This inhibits the expression of DDX5. As DDX5 is a key regulator for controlling the expression of mu… |
Decitabine |
A cytidine antimetabolite analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Decitabine incorporates into DNA and inhibits DNA methyltransferase, resulting in hypomethylation of DNA and intra-S-phase arrest of DNA replication. (NCI04) |
Decitabine and Cedazuridine |
An orally available fixed-dose combination agent containing cedazuridine, a cytidine deaminase (CDA) inhibitor, and the cytidine antimetabolite decitabine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of tdecitabine and cedazuridine, cedazuridine binds to and inhibits CDA, an enzyme primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and cytidine analogs. This prevents the breakdown of decitabine, increases its bioavailab… |
Defactinib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for integrins, is normally activated by binding… |
Defactinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of defactinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Defactinib inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including those involving RAS/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt, thus inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation, survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK, a signal transducer for … |
Deferoxamine |
An iron-chelating agent that binds free iron in a stable complex, preventing it from engaging in chemical reactions. Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and siderin forming ferrioxamine, a water-soluble chelate excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily bind iron from transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome. (NCI04) |
Deferoxamine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of deferoxamine, an iron chelating agent. Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and hemosiderin forming ferrioxamine, a water-soluble chelate excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily bind iron from transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome. (NCI) |
Deferoxamine Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of an iron-chelating agent that binds free iron in a stable complex, preventing it from engaging in chemical reactions. Deferoxamine chelates iron from intra-lysosomal ferritin and ferrioxamine, a water-soluble complex excreted by the kidneys and in the feces via the bile. This agent does not readily chelate iron bound to transferrin, hemoglobin, myoglobin or cytochrome. |
Defosbarasertib |
A small-molecule inhibitor of the serine-threonine kinase Aurora B, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, defosbarasertib specifically binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase B, which disrupts spindle checkpoint functions and chromosome alignment, and results in the disruption of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. This inhibits cell division and cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in Aurora kinase B-overexpressing tumor cells. Aurora kinase B, a serine/threonine p… |
Degarelix |
A long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes. |
Degarelix Acetate |
The acetate form of a long-acting, synthetic peptide with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonistic properties. Degarelix targets and blocks GnRH receptors located on the surfaces of gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, thereby reducing secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by pituitary gonadotroph cells and so decreasing testosterone production by interstitial (Leydig) cells in the testes. |
Deglycosylated Ricin A Chain-Conjugated Anti-CD19/Anti-CD22 Immunotoxins |
A combination preparation of 1:1 mixture of two immunotoxins, HD37-dgA and RFB4-dgA, with potential antineoplastic activity. Both anti-CD19 IgG monoclonal antibody HD37 and anti-CD22 IgG monoclonal antibody RFB4 are attached to a single deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgA) via N-succinimidyl-oxycarbonyl-alpha-methyl-alpha-(2-pyridyldithio) toluene (SMPT) linker. CD19 and CD22 molecules are cell suface antigens present on the majority of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. This combination age… |
Delanzomib |
An orally bioavailable synthetic P2 threonine boronic acid inhibitor of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Delanzomib represses the proteasomal degradation of a variety of proteins, including inhibitory kappaBalpha (IkappaBalpha), resulting in the cytoplasmic sequestration of the transcription factor NF-kappaB; inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and transcriptional up-regulation of a variety of cell growth-promoting factors; an… |
Delolimogene Mupadenorepvec |
A double-armed oncolytic adenovirus composed of a recombinant genetically modified E1/E3-deleted, adenoviral serotype 5 (Ad5) vector, with the L5 segment of the Ad5 fiber replaced by the shaft and knob from the Ad35 serotype (Ad5/35), which expresses a trimerized (TMZ) form of the membrane-bound immunostimulator CD40 ligand (CD40L; TNFSF5) and the ligand for the signaling domain 4-1BB (4-1BBL; CD137L; TNFSF9), under the control of a CMV promoter, with potential immunostimulating and antineopl… |
Demcizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the N-terminal epitope of Notch ligand DLL4 (delta-like 4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Demcizumab binds to the membrane-binding portion of DLL4 and prevents its interaction with Notch-1 and Notch-4 receptors, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Activation of Notch receptors by DLL4 stimulates proteolytic cleavage of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD); after clea… |
Demecolcine |
A colchicine analog with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Demecolcine acid binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules, causing cell cycle arrest at metaphase and preventing cell division. |
Demplatin Pegraglumer |
A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles incorporating the inorganic platinum agent cisplatin with potential antineoplastic activity. In demplatin pegraglumer, cisplatin forms a polymer-metal complex with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol poly(glutamic acid) block copolymers by attaching to the micelle inner core consisting of the hydrophobic polyamino acids. Upon cell entry and release from the polymer-metal complex, cisplatin forms highly reactive, charged pla… |
Dendrimer-conjugated Bcl-2/Bcl-XL Inhibitor AZD0466 |
A drug-dendrimer conjugate composed of a B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-XL inhibitor AZD4320 that is chemically conjugated to a proprietary 5-generation pegylated poly-lysine dendrimer via a hydrolytically labile linker, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of AZD0466, AZD4320 is released through hydrolytic cleavage of the linker. AZD4320 is a Bcl2-homology domain 3 (BH3) mimetic that specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of the anti-apoptot… |
Dendritic Cell Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of dendritic cells pulsed with tumor cells lysates that stimulate a potent and specific cell mediated anti-tumor immune response. (NCI) |
Dendritic Cell Tumor Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of dendritic cells pulsed with peptide epitopes that stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte anti-tumor activity. (NCI) |
Dendritic Cell-Autologous Lung Tumor Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of lymphocytes harvested from a patient with lung cancer and induced to become antigen-presenting cells (APCs) known as dendritic cells. The dendritic cells are transduced with the gene encoding an antigen specific to the patient’s cancer and then returned to the patient. In the host, the altered cells stimulate the immune system to mount a primary T cell response against lung tumor cells expressing the target antigen. Dendritic cell-autologous lung tumor vaccin… |
Dendritic Cell-CEA Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of dendritic cells harvested from a patient with cancer and pulsed or transduced with a peptide fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumor-associated antigen expressed by a wide range of cancers. When the altered dendritic cells are returned to the patient, they may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells expressing CEA. |
Dendritic Cell-gp100-MART-1 Antigen Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cells vaccine with antineoplastic property. Dendritic cells harvested from cancer patients are pulsed with human gp100 melanoma antigen and MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells) antigen; both antigens are up-regulated in melanomas. Vaccination with this vaccine may elicit the host immune response against MART-1 or gp100 expressing cells. |
Dendritic Cell-Idiotype-Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of allogeneic dendritic cells (DC), pulsed with patient-specific non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma idiotype (Id) determinants conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Id-expressing lymphoma cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Dendritic Cell-MART-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of dendritic cells harvested from a patient with cancer and pulsed or transduced with a peptide fragment of MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells), an antigen expressed by melanoma cells. When the altered dendritic cells are returned to the patient, they stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells expressing MART-1. (NCI04) |
Dendritic Cell-Precision Multiple Antigen T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of dendritic cell-precision multiple antigen T-cells (DC-PMAT) that have been induced to specifically target multiple undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which DC-PMAT cells exert their effects has yet to be elucidated, upon infusion, these cells may stimulate the host immune system to mount a highly-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors expressing common TAAs, … |
Dendritic Cell-targeting Lentiviral Vector ID-LV305 |
An engineered lentiviral vector targeting dendritic cells (DCs) and containing nucleic acids encoding for the human tumor-associated cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, the DC-targeting lentiviral vector ID-LV305 targets and binds to dermal DCs via the DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) receptor. Upon internalization of the vector, the NY-ESO-1 protein is exp… |
Denenicokin |
A recombinant peptide similar to or identical to endogenous human cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) with potential antineoplastic activity. Denenicokin binds to and activates IL-21 receptors, expressed on T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, modulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of T and B cells, promoting T cell survival, and increasing the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells. |
Denfivontinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both wild type and mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, denfivontinib binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, including FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), FLT3-D835Y as well as other mutants. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kina… |
Denfivontinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of denfivontinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of both wild type and mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, denfivontinib binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, including FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), FLT3-D835Y as well as other mutants. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing … |
Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV |
45AZ5, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of dengue virus adjuvant PV-001-DV, the virus may activate both the innate and adaptive immune system. |
Denibulin |
A small molecular vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell pro… |
Denibulin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of denibulin, a small molecular vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Denibulin selectively targets and reversibly binds to the colchicine-binding site on tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. This causes inadequate blood flow to the tumor and eventually leads … |
Denifanstat |
An orally bioavailable fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, denifanstat binds to and blocks FASN, which prevents the synthesis of palmitate needed for tumor cell growth and survival. This leads to a reduction in cell signaling, an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. FASN, an enzyme responsible for the de novo synthesis of palmitic acid, is overexpressed in tumor cel… |
Denileukin Diftitox |
A cytotoxic recombinant fusion protein consisting of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to diphtheria toxin fragments A and B, containing both the catalytic and translocation domains, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the IL-2 moiety of denileukin difitox targets and binds to IL-2 receptors. After internalization by IL-2 receptor-expressing cells via endocytosis, denileukin difitox is proteolytically cleaved. This releases the catalytic domain of the toxi… |
Denintuzumab Mafodotin |
An immunoconjugate consisting of an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody conjugated to the auristatin derivative monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of denintuzumab mafodotin, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD19, found on a number of B-cell-derived cancers. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases MMAF, which binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization. Inhibition of tubulin poly… |
Denosumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) with antiosteoclast activity. Denosumab specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces, resulting in inhibition of osteoclast activity, a decrease in bone resorption, and a potential increase in bone mineral density. RANKL, a protein expressed by osteoblastic cells, plays an important role in osteoclast… |
Deoxycytidine Kinase Inhibitor TRE-515 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of deoxycytidine kinase (dCK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, dCK inhibitor TRE-515 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of dCK, an enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in the deoxyribonucleoside salvage pathway in cancer cells. By inhibiting dCK, TRE-515 halts nucleotide synthesis and prevents the metabolism of DNA precursors in tumor cells. This inhibits DNA replication in and proliferation of cancer cell… |
Depatuxizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with antineoplastic activity. Depatuxizumab targets the EGFR deletion variant, de2-7 EGFR as well as wild-type EGFR expressed in cells overexpressing the receptor, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization result in an inhibition in signal transduction and anti-proliferative effects. This MoAb targets cells expre… |
Depatuxizumab Mafodotin |
An epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, depatuxizumab mafodotin inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in certain tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
DEPDC1/MPHOSH1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing HLA-A*2402-restricted epitopes derived from DEP domain containing 1 (DEPDC1) and M phase phosphoprotein 1 (MPHOSPH1) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, DEPDC1/MPHOSH1 peptide vaccine may elicit a specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing DEPDC1 and MPHOSPH1, tumor antigens that are overexpressed in bladder cancer cells. |
Derazantinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Derazantinib binds to and potently inhibits the activity of FGFR subtypes 1, 2 and 3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways, tumor cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is upregulated in many tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cel… |
Deslorelin |
A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; … |
Deslorelin Acetate |
A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of the natural gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Deslorelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; … |
Detalimogene Voraplasmid |
A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a non-viral plasmid DNA vector encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and a retinoic acid-inducible gene I protein (RIG-I; DDX58) activating moiety encapsulated in dually derivatized chitosan (DDX) nanoparticles, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravesical administration of detalimogene voraplasmid, the DDX nanoparticles deliver the IL-12 and RIG-I activating DNA plasmid to the blad… |
Detorubicin |
A semi-synthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Detorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Detorubicin is less toxic than daunorubicin. |
Deulorlatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, deulorlatinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and ROS1, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous … |
Deutenzalutamide |
A deuterated form of enzalutamide, an orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, deutenzalutamide competitively binds to and inhibits the activity of ARs expressed on prostate cancer cells, which impairs nuclear translocation and DNA binding, resulting in apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. This results in a reduction in prostate cancer cell growth. AR overexpression in prostate c… |
Devimistat |
A racemic mixture of the enantiomers of a synthetic alpha-lipoic lipoic acid analogue with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, devimistat has been shown to inhibit metabolic and regulatory processes required for cell growth in solid tumors. Both enantiomers in the racemic mixture exhibit antineoplastic activity. |
Dexamethasone |
A synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones. (NCI04) |
Dexanabinol |
A synthetic, terpene-based cannabinoid derivative devoid of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 agonist activity and with potential neuroprotective, antiinflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Functioning as an N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dexanabinol protects neuronal cells against NMDA and glutamate neurotoxicity. This agent also scavenges peroxy radicals and protects neurons from the damages of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, dexanabinol inhibits the activity of nuc… |
Dexrazoxane |
A bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, which may result i… |
Dexrazoxane Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a bisdioxopiperazine with iron-chelating, chemoprotective, cardioprotective, and antineoplastic activities. After hydrolysis to an active form that is similar to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), dexrazoxane chelates iron, limiting the formation of free radical-generating anthracycline-iron complexes, which may minimize anthracycline-iron complex-mediated oxidative damage to cardiac and soft tissues. This agent also inhibits the catalytic activity of topoisome… |
Dextran 1 Subfraction-based Cryoprotective Agent |
A low molecular weight carbohydrate that can be used as a cryoprotective agent (CPA) to preserve various types of cells ex vivo. |
Dezaguanine |
A purine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. By replacing guanine, dezaguanine incorporates into DNA and inhibits de novo purine synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. (NCI) |
Dezaguanine Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of dezaguanine, a purine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic and antiviral activities. By competing with guanine, dezaguanine gets incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA synthesis, thereby inducing cell death. |
Dezapelisib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dezapelisib specifically inhibits PI3Kdelta, which prevents both the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other … |
DGK Alpha/Zeta Inhibitor BMS-986408 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the alpha-isoenzyme of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK-alpha; DGKa) and the zeta-isoenzyme DGK-zeta (DGKz), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, DGK alpha/zeta inhibitor BMS-986408 targets, binds to and blocks both DGKa and DGKz expressed on T-cells, thereby preventing the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA). This induces DAG-mediated T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-ce… |
DGKalpha Inhibitor BAY 2862789 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the alpha-isoenzyme of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK alpha; DGKa), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, DGKa inhibitor BAY 2862789 targets, binds to and blocks DGKa expressed on T-cells, thereby preventing the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA). This induces DAG-mediated T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell signaling, induces T-cell proliferation, restores T-cell functio… |
DGK-alpha Inhibitor GS-9911 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the alpha-isoenzyme of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK-alpha; DGKa), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, DGKa inhibitor GS-9911 targets, binds to and blocks DGKa expressed on T-cells, thereby preventing the conversion of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA). This induces DAG-mediated T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell signaling, induces T-cell proliferation, restores T-cell function, e… |
DHA-Paclitaxel |
A prodrug comprised of the naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) covalently conjugated to the anti-microtubule agent paclitaxel. Because tumor cells take up DHA, DHA-paclitaxel is delivered directly to tumor tissue, where the paclitaxel moiety binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Paclitaxel also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protei… |
DHEA Mustard |
A steroidal alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04) |
dHER2 Vaccine+AS15 Adjuvant |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a truncated recombinant HER2/neu peptide (dHER2) combined with the immunoadjuvant AS15 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dHER2+AS15 vaccine may stimulate the host immune response to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that overexpress the HER2/neu protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell typ… |
DHODH Inhibitor JNJ-74856665 |
An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DHODH inhibitor JNJ-74856665 specifically targets and binds to DHODH’s ubiquinone binding site, thereby preventing the activation of DHODH. This prevents the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) … |
DHODH Inhibitor RP7214 |
An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities. Upon oral administration, DHODH inhibitor RP7214 specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, promotes cell differentiation, causes cell cy… |
Diacylglycerol Kinase Zeta Inhibitor ASP1570 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGKzeta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DGKzeta inhibitor ASP1570 inhibits the activity of DGKzeta. This prevents the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA), and modulates the DAGzeta-regulated cellular signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which DGKzeta is overactivated. DGKzeta is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and plays an … |
Diacylglycerol Kinase Zeta Inhibitor BAY2965501 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGKzeta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DGKzeta inhibitor BAY2965501 inhibits the activity of DGKzeta. This prevents the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA), and modulates the DAGzeta-regulated cellular signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which DGKzeta is overactivated. DGKzeta is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and plays … |
Diacylglycerol Kinase Zeta Inhibitor BGB-30813 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase zeta (DGKzeta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DGKzeta inhibitor BGB-30813 inhibits the activity of DGKzeta. This prevents the phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA), and modulates the DGKzeta-regulated cellular signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in which DGKzeta is overactivated. DGKzeta is overexpressed in certain cancer cells and plays a… |
Dianhydrogalactitol |
A bifunctional hexitol derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Dianhydrogalactitol alkylates and cross-links DNA via an epoxide group during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest. (NCI04) |
Diarylsulfonylurea Compound ILX-295501 |
ILX-295501 is a novel sulfonylurea compound that has demonstrated in-vivo antitumor activity against a broad spectrum of solid tumors. |
Diazepinomicin |
A potent inhibitor of the RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazepinomicin binds to and inhibits Ras kinase, thereby preventing the phosphorylation and activation of proteins downstream of the Ras signal transduction pathway, including serine/threonine kinase RAF (BRAF) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK-2), that play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and survival. Diazepinomicin also selectively binds to the peripheral… |
Diaziquone |
A water-soluble, synthetic aziridinylbenzoquinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Bioactivation of aziridinylbenzoquinone RH1 occurs through the two-electron reduction of the quinone to the hydroquinone by the two-electron quinone reductase DT-diaphorase (DTD). The resultant hydroquinone selectively alkylates and cross-links DNA at the 5’-GNC-3’ sequence, inihibiting DNA replication, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. DTD is over-expressed in many tumors rela… |
Diazooxonorleucine |
An L-glutamine diazo analogue amino acid antibiotic isolated from a species of the bacterial genus Streptomyces with potential antineoplastic activity. Diazooxonorleucine inhibits several glutamine-dependent biosynthetic pathways involved in the syntheses of D-glucosamine phosphate, purines and pyrimidines. This agent inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase, a key enzyme for the synthesis of releasable glutamine, depleting cells of this essential amino acid and reducing their capacity to pro… |
Dibotatug |
A human non-fucosylated immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor and natural killer cell antigen CD94 (killer cell lectin-like receptor D1; KLRD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dibotatug targets and binds to CD94 expressed on CD94-expressing tumor cells and induces fracticide via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This depletes CD94-expressing tumor cells and may reduce tumor ce… |
Dibrospidium Chloride |
A dispirotripiperazine derivative and alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Dibrospidium chloride has been examined for the treatment of bone cancer. |
Dichloroallyl Lawsone |
A triazine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Dichloroallyl lawsone inhibits mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHOD), an enzyme that catalyzes the only redox step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, and nucleotide (RNA and DNA) biosynthesis. (NCI04) |
Dicycloplatin |
A third-generation, supramolecular platinum-based compound composed of carboplatin linked, by a strong hydrogen bond, to 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate (CBDCA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, dicycloplatin appears to have a mechanism of action similar to that of other platinum-based compounds, which involves both DNA binding and the formation of DNA crosslinks. This mechanism results in the induction of apoptosis a… |
Dienogest |
An orally-active, semisynthetic, fourth generation, nonethinylated progestogen with antiproliferative, antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities that is used in hormone therapy and as a female contraceptive. Upon oral administration, dienogest binds intracellular progesterone receptors which then translocate to the nucleus where the drug-receptor complex interacts with progesterone response elements, thus altering the expression of target genes. Dienogest reduces the pro… |
Diethylnorspermine |
A synthetic bis-ethyl analogue of spermine with potential antineoplastic activity. N(1),N(11)-bis(ethyl)norspermine (DENSPM), a N-terminally alkylated tetraamine and polyamine mimetics, disrupts polyamine pool homeostasis by modulating the activities of the biosynthetic enzymes, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC). This agent also reduces polyamine concentrations through the induction of the catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase… |
Digitoxin |
A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside that inhibits the plasma membrane sodium potassium ATPase, leading to increased intracellular sodium and calcium levels and decreased intracellular potassium levels. In studies increased intracellular calcium precedes cell death and decreased intracellular potassium increase caspase activation and DNA fragmentation, causing apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell growth. (NCI) |
Digoxin |
A cardiac glycoside. Digoxin inhibits the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) pump, thereby increasing intracellular calcium and enhancing cardiac contractility. This agent also acts directly on the atrioventricular node to suppress conduction, thereby slowing conduction velocity. Apparently due to its effects on intracellular calcium concentrations, digoxin induces apoptosis of tumor cells via a pathway involving mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspases 8 and 3. (NCI04) |
Dihydro-5-Azacytidine |
A synthetic nucleoside analogue of deoxycytidine. Dihydro-5-azacytidine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby interfering with abnormal DNA methylation patterns that are associated with genetic instability in some tumor cells. Inhibition of this enzyme may restore expression of tumor-suppressor genes and result in antitumor activity. (NCI04) |
Dihydrolenperone |
A butyrophenone that has been investigated for antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Diindolylmethane |
A phytonutrient and plant indole found in cruciferous vegetables including broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower and kale, with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) promotes beneficial estrogen metabolism in both sexes by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites, resulting in increased antioxidant activity. Although this agent indu… |
DI-Leu16-IL2 Immunocytokine |
A recombinant fusion protein consisting of de-immunized and humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Leu16 fused to human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of DI-Leu16-IL2 immunocytokine binds to tumor cells expressing the CD20 antigen, which may result in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) towards CD20-expressing tumor cells; the localized IL2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate natural killer (NK) and T-lymph… |
Dilpacimab |
A bispecific, tetravalent immunoglobulin (Ig) G-like molecule containing the target-binding variable domains of two monoclonal antibodies, one targeting the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) and the other one targeting the human tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), combined via linkers, with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dilpacimab targets and binds to both DLL4 and VEGF. This prevents the activation of DLL-4/Notch- and VEGF… |
Dimerizing Agent Regulated Immunoreceptor Complex-expressing CD33-specific Autologous CAR T Cells SC-DARIC33 |
A preparation of equal amounts of autologous CD4-positive and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 and genetically modified to express a Dimerizing Agent Regulated Immunoreceptor Complex (DARIC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion of the DARIC-expressing CD33-specific autologous CAR T-cells SC-DARIC33 and followed by intermitt… |
Dimethylmyleran |
An aliphatic analogue of busulfan with potential antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, dimethylbusulfan induces neutropenia and has been shown to exhibit antitumor effects in some animal models. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04) |
Dinaciclib |
A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinaciclib selectively inhibits cyclin dependent kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK5, and CDK9; inhibition of CDK1 and CDK2 may result in cell cycle repression and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Dinitrophenyl-Modified Autologous Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor cells modified with the hapten 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administration of DNP-modified autologous renal cell carcinoma tumor cell vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. DNP conjugation may enhance the immunogenicity of weakly immunogenic antigens. |
Dinutuximab |
A chimeric mouse/human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Dinutuximab binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. |
Dioscorea nipponica Makino Extract DNE3 |
An extract of the plant Dioscorea nipponica Makino and inhibitor of both the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and members of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Dioscorea nipponica Makino extracted with ethyl acetate (DNE3) binds to and inhibits PI3K and Akt. This inhibits PI3K/Akt-mediated signaling and prevents both growth and survival of PI3K/Akt-overexpressing tumor cells. In … |
Disitamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab vedotin, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of tumor cells. Following inte… |
Disufenton Sodium |
A disulfonyl derivative of phenyl-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), with potential anti-glioma activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action of OKN007 are still largely unknown, this agent appears to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and migration. This agent appears to inhibit the activity of sulfatase 2 (SULF2), a highly specific endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase that is overexpressed in the extracellular matrix of cancer cells and catalyzes the removal of sulfate from the 6-O-sulfate esters of hep… |
Ditiocarb |
A sulfhydryl-containing carbamate that is the primary in vivo metabolite of disulfiram. Diethyldithiocarbamate chelates zinc, thereby inhibiting metalloproteinases, thereby preventing the degradation of the extracellular matrix and inhibiting an initial step in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. A known inhibitor of superoxide dismutase, this agent can either potentiate or protect against cell oxidative damage caused by ionizing radiation, depending on the time of administration. (NCI04) |
Divarasib |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, divarasib selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metast… |
DLK1/EPHA2/HBB/NRP1/RGS5/TEM1 Peptide-pulsed Alpha-type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell based cancer vaccine composed of mature polarized dendritic cells (alphaDC1) pulsed with six human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-presented tumor blood vessel antigen (TBVA)-derived peptides, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Dendritic cells (DCs) were treated with a “type-1 polarizing cytokine cocktail”, including interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interferon-alpha (IFN-a), IFN-gamma and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pI:C) to produce… |
DM4-Conjugated Anti-Cripto Monoclonal Antibody BIIB015 |
A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface-associated protein Cripto and conjugated to the maytansinoid DM4 with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of DM4-conjugated anti-Cripto monoclonal antibody BIIB015 binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) Cripto; upon internalization, the DM4 moiety binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, resulting in inhibition of cell division and cell growth of Cripto-exp… |
D-methionine Formulation MRX-1024 |
A proprietary oral formulation of D-methionine with antioxidant and antimucositis activities. D-methionine formulation MRX-1024 may selectively protect the oral mucosa from the toxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy without compromising antitumor activity. D-methionine may be converted into the L- isomer in vivo, particularly in instances of L-methionine deprivation; both isomers have antioxidant activity which may be due, in part, to their sulfur moieties and chelating propertie… |
DNA Interference Oligonucleotide PNT2258 |
A liposomal formulation of the 24-mer oligonucleotide PNT100, with potential antineoplastic activity. PNT2258 targets and complements to untranscribed DNA sequence upstream of BCL2 promoters, thereby interfering with DNA replication and transcription of the BCL2 gene. This may promote and restore the apoptotic pathway in BCL2-overexpressing tumor cells. BCL2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors. |
DNA Minor Groove Binding Agent SG2000 |
A sequence-selective pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer with potential antineoplastic activity. Following intravenous administration, DNA minor groove binding agent SG2000 preferentially and covalently binds to purine-GATC-pyrimidine sequences, with the imine/carbinolamine moieties of SG2000 binding to the N2 positions of guanines on opposite strands of DNA. This induces interstrand cross-links and inhibits both DNA replication and gene transcription, which lead to the inhibition of cell growt… |
DNA Plasmid Encoding Human IL-12 phIL12 |
A preparation of non-viral DNA plasmids encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), constructed with a p21 promoter and devoid of an antibiotic resistance gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of DNA plasmid encoding human IL-12 (hIL-12) phIL12 via intratumoral injection and electroporation, or gene electrotransfer (GET), the plasmid is introduced into human cells resulting in the expression and highly-localized secr… |
DNA Plasmid Vaccine ITI-1001 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) plasmid DNA cancer vaccine containing two DNA plasmids, one encoding for the two human cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens immediate-early 1 (IE-1) and the matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) fused to the lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1), and one plasmid encoding for the CMV glycoprotein B (gB) antigen which is also fused to LAMP-1, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities, Upon intramuscular (IM) administration … |
DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12 INO-9012/PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmids INO-5150 Formulation INO-5151 |
A DNA-based combined formulation composed of INO-5150, DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), and INO-9012, a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery of INO-5151 and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, PSA and PSMA are … |
DNA Plasmid-encoding Interleukin-12/HPV DNA Plasmids Therapeutic Vaccine MEDI0457 |
A DNA-based combination immunotherapeutic, MEDI0457, composed of VGX-3100, a preparation of DNA plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, combined with INO-9012, a DNA plasmid encoding the immune activator and pro-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of VGX-3100, the HPV E6 and E7 proteins are translated in cells and elicit a… |
DNA Polymerase Theta Inhibitor ART6043 |
An orally bioavailable selective and reversible inhibitor of DNA polymerase (pol) theta, with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, pol theta inhibitor ART6043 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of pol theta. This prevents pol theta-mediated repair of double-stranded DNA breaks via the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) process. This causes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells. ART6043 may have a synerg… |
DNA Polymerase Theta Inhibitor GSK4524101 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA polymerase (pol) theta, with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, pol theta inhibitor GSK4524101 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of pol theta. This prevents pol theta-mediated repair of double-stranded DNA breaks via the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) process. This causes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells. GSK4524101may have a synergistic effect if admi… |
DNA Polymerase Theta Inhibitor MOMA-313 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA polymerase (pol) theta helicase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DNA polymerase theta inhibitor MOMA-313 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the pol theta helicase domain and thereby inhibits the activity of pol theta. This prevents pol theta-mediated repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via the theta-mediated end joining (TMEJ) process. This causes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in homologous recombi… |
DNA Polymerase Theta Inhibitor RP-3467 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA polymerase (pol) theta, with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, pol theta inhibitor RP-3467 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of pol theta. This prevents pol theta-mediated repair of double-stranded DNA breaks via the microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) process. This causes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in cancer cells. RP-3467 may have a synergistic effect if administe… |
DNA Repair Inhibiting Oligonucleotide |
A preparation of cell-permeant, short double-stranded DNA fragment that mimics double-strand breaks and linked to a cholesterol molecule, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of DNA repair inhibiting oligonucleotide, the cholesterol moiety enables tumoral and nuclear uptake of the DNA, and mimics DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) inside the tumor cells. This triggers false DNA break signals, binding to and activating DNA repair proteins including both poly (ADP-ribose) po… |
DNA Vector pPRA-PSM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a DNA plasmid encoding epitopes of the human preferential antigen of melanoma (PRAME) and the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon direct administration of this vaccine into lymph nodes, peptides expressed by DNA plasmid vector pPRA-PSM may activate the immune system, resulting in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PRAME- and PSMA-expressing cells. PRAME and PSMA are tumor associated antigens upre… |
DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitor VX-984 |
An ATP-competitive inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, DNA-PK inhibitor VX-984 binds to and inhibits the catalytic subunit of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and… |
DNAJB1-PRKACA Fusion Kinase Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer peptide vaccine composed of a fusion peptide derived from the fusion protein DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1-cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha fusion protein A (DNAJB1-PRKACA) that is encoded by the DNAJB1/PRKACA fusion gene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion kinase peptide vaccine may induce CD8 T cell- and CD4 T cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the DNAJB1-PRK… |
DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 |
An orally bioavailable ATP-competitive inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activites. Upon oral administration, DNA-PK inhibitor AZD7648 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radiot… |
DNA-PK/TOR Kinase Inhibitor CC-115 |
A dual inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-115 binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK and both raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2), which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation of cancer cells expressing DNA-PK and TOR. DNA-PK, a serine/threonine kinase and a member of the PI3K-related kinase subfamily of protein kinases, is activated u… |
DNMT1 Inhibitor NTX-301 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DNMT1 inhibitor NTX-301 targets ad binds to DNMT1, thereby inhibiting the activity of DNMT1. This may prevent DNA methylation, induce DNA hypomethylation, and activate tumor suppressor genes silenced by hypermethylation. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. DNMT1, a member of the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family, plays an important role in maint… |
DNMT1 Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide MG 98 |
A second-generation, mixed-backbone, phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide (ODN) with potential antitumor activity. MG 98 is a highly specific inhibitor of translation of the mRNA for human DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), hybridizing to the 3’ un-translated region of DNMT1 mRNA. The silencing of DNMT1 translation by MG 98 may result in the prevention or reversal of abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor genes and ultimately in tumor growth inhibition or tumor regression. |
DNR-expressing Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma-specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous, dominant-negative receptor (DNR)-expressing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), with potential antineoplastic activity. The DNR-expressing NPC-specific CTLs specifically target Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), latent membrane proteins (LMP) and BamHIA rightward frame 1 (BARF1), and are transduced with a retroviral vector expressing DNR, a dominant-negative form of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFb) rec… |
Docetaxel |
A semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata. Docetaxel displays potent and broad antineoplastic properties; it binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell- cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory properties by induci… |
Docetaxel Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of docetaxel, a semisynthetic side-chain analogue of paclitaxel with antineoplastic property. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of microtubules and thereby antagonizes the disassembly of the microtubule proteins. This results in the persistence of aberrant microtubule structures and results in cell-cycle arrest and subsequent cell death. |
Docetaxel Depot Formulation NZ-DTX |
A depot formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, docetaxel depot formulation NZ-DTX forms a solid depot allowing the controlled release of docetaxel. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angi… |
Docetaxel Emulsion ANX-514 |
An injectable emulsion formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory respo… |
Docetaxel Formulation BH009 |
An injectable polysorbate 80-free formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the docetaxel formulation BH009, docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth fa… |
Docetaxel Formulation CKD-810 |
An injectable formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators of the inflammatory response. |
Docetaxel Lipid Microspheres |
A lipid microsphere (LM)-based formulation containing the poorly water soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and leads to cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various … |
Docetaxel Nanoparticle CPC634 |
A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the poorly water-soluble taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel nanoparticle CPC634, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor’s vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, docetaxel is released locally at the target tumor site, binds specifically to the beta-tub… |
Docetaxel Polymeric Micelles |
A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles (PMs), made with poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (PVP-b-PDLLA) block polymers, encapsulating the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel PMs, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor’s vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In t… |
Docetaxel/Ritonavir |
An orally bioavailable combination agent containing docetaxel, a second generation taxane, and ritonavir, a cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitor, with potential enhanced antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. Docetaxel is metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes which is inhibited by the presence of ritonavir. This increases the plasma concentration of docetaxel a… |
Docetaxel-loaded Nanopharmaceutical CRLX301 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation containing the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the docetaxel-loaded nanopharmaceutical CRLX301, the nanoparticles are able to accumulate at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor’s vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. In turn, CRLX301 is taken up by the tumor cell via macropinocytosis. Subsequently, docetaxel is slowly release… |
Docetaxel-PNP |
A polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semi-synthetic analogue of paclitaxel, with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds specifically to the beta-tubulin subunit of the microtubule, stabilizing tubulin and inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, preventing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and induces various mediators … |
Dociparstat sodium |
A heparin derivative in which the 2-O and 3-O sulfate groups of heparin are removed and that lacks anticoagulant activity, with potential anti-inflammatory, immodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dociparstat sodium binds to both chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). This prevents the interaction of CXCL12 with CXCR4, blocks CXCR4 activation, and may result in decreased proliferation and migration in CXCR4-over… |
Docirbrutinib |
An orally bioavailable, non-covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, docirbrutinib non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a drug resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pat… |
Dodekin |
A human antibody-cytokine fusion protein composed of the recombinant form of the endogenous immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused, in tandem diabody format, to the N-terminus of the human monoclonal antibody L19 specific for the extra-domain B of fibronectin (ED-B), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of dodekin targets and binds to fibronectin-expressing cells in the tumor vasculature, thereby delivering … |
Dolastatin 10 |
A pentapeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to tubulin, Dolastatin 10 inhibits microtubule assembly, resulting in the formation of tubulin aggregates and inhibition of mitosis. This agent also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04) |
Dolastatin 15 |
A depsipeptide originally isolated from the marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia with potential antineoplastic activity. Less potent than the structurally-related compound dolastatin 10, dolastatin 15 binds weakly to tubulin and blocks microtubule assembly, thereby inhibiting mitosis. Dolastatin 15 also induces tumor cell apoptosis through a mechanism involving bcl-2, an oncoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancers. (NCI04) |
Domatinostat |
An orally bioavailable benzamide and inhibitor of human class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) isoenzymes 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Domatinostat selectively binds to and inhibits class I HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, and the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and eventually the induction of tu… |
Domvanalimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, domvanalimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGI… |
Donafenib |
An orally available multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf kinase and various receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, donafenib binds to and blocks the activity of Raf kinase, and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell proliferation in Raf-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may inhibit unidentified RTKs, and thus may further block tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. Raf, a… |
Donitabart |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) disialoganglioside (GD2; GD-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, donitabart may induce cytotoxicity in GD2-expressing tumor cells by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). GD2 is overexpressed on the surface of neuroblastoma (NB) cells and by other neuroectoderm-derived neoplasms, while it is minimally expressed on normal cells. |
Donor Lymphocytes |
A population of lymphocytes from the blood of a donor and administered to a patient who has already received a stem cell transplant from the same donor (Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation). The donor lymphocytes may be able to boost the patient’s immune system and kill remaining cancer cells. |
Donor TCR Alpha/Beta/CD19-depleted Mononuclear Cell-enriched Activated Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of donor-derived, haploidentical, cytokine-activated natural killer (NK) cells enriched with mononuclear cells from haploidentical donor that have been depleted of T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta (TCRa/b+) as well as CD19-positive (CD19+) cells, that may potentially be used for immune reconstitution purposes. Upon administration, the donor TCR alpha/beta/CD19-depleted mononuclear cell-enriched activated NK cells may enhance immune reconstitution. The depletion of alpha/beta… |
Donor-derived Haploidentical IL-21-Expanded Natural Killer Cells |
A population of ex-vivo human interleukin-21 (IL-21) expanded donor-derived human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical natural killer (haploNK) cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration in patients undergoing HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation, the donor-derived haploidentical IL-21-expanded NK cells target, lyse and destroy tumor cells. IL-21 promotes sustained ex vivo proliferation of human NK cells and enhances its cytoto… |
Donor-derived WT1/PRAME/NY-ESO-1/Survivin-specific T-lymphocytes |
Allogeneic T-lymphocytes specifically reactive to the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human Wilms tumor protein-1 (WT1), Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME), the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, and survivin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Donor derived T-cells are mixed, ex vivo, with protein fragments derived from the TAAs WT1, PRAME, NY-ESO-1, and survivin. Upon intravenous administration, the donor-derived WT1/PRAME/NY-ESO-1/Survivin-specific T-lymphocytes recogn… |
Dordaviprone |
A water soluble, orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dordaviprone binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt and ERK, which may result in inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathway as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated pathway. This may lead to the induction… |
Dostarlimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; programmed death-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dostarlimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the Ig superfamily expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune… |
Double Recombinant Vaccinia Virus VV-GMCSF-Lact |
A double recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express the human immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The double-recombinant VV-GMCSF-Lact contains deletions of viral thymidine kinase (TK) and growth factor (GF) gene fragments in the regions of which the genes of GM-CSF and the oncotoxic protein lactaptin are inserted, respectively. Up… |
Dovitinib |
A benzimidazole-quinolinone compound and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of type III-V RTKs, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) that promote tumor cell proliferation and survival in certain cancer cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits other members of the RTK superfamily, including fibroblast growth factor rece… |
Dovitinib Lactate |
The orally bioavailable lactate salt of a benzimidazole-quinolinone compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Dovitinib strongly binds to fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and inhibits its phosphorylation, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell death. In addition, this agent may inhibit other members of the RTK superfamily, including the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; pl… |
Doxazosin |
A quinazoline with antihypertensive and antineoplastic properties. Doxazosin is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist that selectively inhibits alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Blockages of the alpha-1 adrenergic action on the vascular smooth muscles lead to a decrease in vascular resistance and antihypertensive activity. This agent also shows high affinity to alpha-1c adrenoceptor, the predominant functional type in the prostate, which may partially attribute to its effect in treatment of benign prost… |
Doxercalciferol |
A synthetic analog of vitamin D with potential antineoplastic activity. In the liver, doxercalciferol is converted to its biologically active vitamin D metabolites, which control the intestinal absorption of dietary calcium, the tubular reabsorption of calcium by the kidney and, in conjunction with parathyroid hormone (PTH), the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. Through interaction with specific receptor proteins in target tissues, these vitamin D metabolites act directly on osteobla… |
Doxifluridine |
A fluoropyrimidine derivative and oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with antitumor activity. Doxifluridine, designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-FU by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, is converted into 5-FU in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase. 5-FU interferes with DNA synthesis and subsequent cell division by reducing normal thymidine production and interferes with RNA transcription by competing with uridine triphosp… |
Doxorubicin |
An anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex during DNA replication and subsequently … |
Doxorubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin, isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces peucetius var. caesius, is the hydroxylated congener of daunorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix, thereby preventing DNA replication and ultimately inhibiting protein synthesis. Additionally, doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II which results in an increased and stabilized cleavable enzyme-DNA linked complex d… |
Doxorubicin Prodrug L-377,202 |
A prodrug in which a peptide is covalently conjugated with the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. This complex is hydrolyzed by the enzyme prostate-specific antigen (PSA), resulting in the formation of doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin. Selective targeting of these drugs to prostate tumor cells occurs because the hydrolyzing PSA enzyme is localized to the prostate gland. Doxorubicin and leucine-doxorubicin intercalate into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereb… |
Doxorubicin Prodrug/Prodrug-activating Biomaterial SQ3370 |
A formulation consisting of SQL70, a prodrug-activating biomaterial, and SQP33, a prodrug of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SQ3370, which consists of the injection of SQL70 at the tumor site followed by the intravenous administration of SQ3370, the prodrug SQP33 binds to, through an as of yet not identifiable mechanism, to SQL70 at the tumor site. After binding, doxorubicin is released over a period of da… |
Doxorubicin-Eluting Beads |
A drug-device combination product consisting of small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with doxorubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), doxorubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature and release cytotoxic doxorubicin, which may result in both ischemic necrosis of tumor tissue due to… |
Doxorubicin-HPMA Conjugate |
A copolymer conjugate of the antineoplastic anthracycline doxorubicin and the water-soluble polymer N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. HPMA conjugation enhances the permeability and retention of this agent within the tumor vasculature. Poorly c… |
Doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting Nanocells |
A nanocell formulation targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) using bispecific antibodies (bsAb) against EGFR and containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of doxorubicin-loaded EGFR-targeting nanocells, the nanocells are stable in the bloodstream and the anti-EGFR bsAb moiety targets and binds to EGFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, the nanocell allows for specific delivery of doxorubic… |
Doxorubicin-Magnetic Targeted Carrier Complex |
A formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin in which doxorubicin is bound to microscopic beads of activated carbon and iron as a magnetic-targeted carrier (MTC). Doxorubicin, an intercalator and a topoisomerase II inhibitor, prevents DNA replication and ultimately inhibits protein synthesis. This agent also generates oxygen free radicals, resulting in cytotoxic lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids. Guided by the placement of a magnet on the body surface overlying a tumor s… |
DPPG2-based Thermosensitive Liposomes Encapsulating Doxorubicin DPPG2-TSL-DOX |
A temperature-sensitive liposomal formulation composed of phosphatidylglycerol-based thermosensitive liposomes (DPPG2-TSL) encapsulating the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the DPPG2-based thermosensitive liposomes encapsulating doxorubicin DPPG2-TSL-DOX circulate in the bloodstream, extravasate and are activated locally by applying regional hyperthermia (RHT), which increases the tumor temperature t… |
DPT/BCG/Measles/Serratia/Pneumococcus Vaccine |
A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), measles, Serratia marcescens and pneumococcal, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/BCG/measles/Serratia/pneumococcus vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor. |
DPT/Typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/Paratyphoid A/Paratyphoid B Vaccine |
A proprietary lipid emulsion containing five vaccines: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), typhoid, Staphylococcus aureus, paratyphoid A and paratyphoid B, with potential immunostimulating activity. Subcutaneous administration of the DPT/typhoid/Staphylococcus aureus/paratyphoid A/paratyphoid B vaccine activates the immune system and may both abrogate tumor-induced immune tolerance and induce an antitumor immune response, which may eradicate the tumor. |
DPX-E7 HPV Vaccine |
A therapeutic vaccine composed of a synthetic peptide consisting of amino acids 11 through 19 of the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype 16 E7 (HPV16-E7 11-19), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Immunization with the DPX-E7 HPV vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the HPV16-E7 protein. HPV type 16 plays a key role in the carcinogenesis of certain cancers. |
DR5-targeting Tetrameric Nanobody Agonist TAS266 |
An agonistic tetravalent nanobody, in which the four single, high affinity heavy chain variable domain (VHH) antibodies are separated by a peptide linker, targeting death receptor type 5 (DR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DR5-targeting tetrameric nanobody agonist TAS266, with its four DR5-specific single-chain antibodies, specifically binds to and activates DR5 receptors. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and induction of apoptosis in DR5-expr… |
DRD2 Antagonist/ClpP Agonist ONC206 |
An orally bioavailable, selective bitopic dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) antagonist and mitochondrial caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) agonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DRD2 antagonist/ClpP agonist ONC206 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of DRD2. This may inactivate Akt (protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which may result in inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathway as well a… |
Dresbuxelimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,dresbuxelimab targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the activity of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and the adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte a… |
Dried Synsepalum dulcificum Supplement |
A dietary supplement composed of dried Synsepalum dulcificum, or dried miracle berry, with potential taste modifying and antioxidant activities. Dried Synsepalum dulcificum supplement contains the glycoprotein miraculin and polyphenols. Upon oral supplement, miraculin acts as an agonist at the human sweet taste receptor hT1R2-hT1R3 at acidic pH, thereby converting sour stimuli to sweetness and resulting in taste-modifying activity. The polyphenols may reduce oxidative stress and may help to s… |
Dromostanolone Propionate |
The propionate salt form of dromostanolone, a synthetic anabolic steroid related to dihydrotestosterone that has antiestrogenic effects. Dromostanolone inhibits the growth of estrogen receptor-presenting breast cancers; its virilizing effects limit its clinical usefulness. (NCI) |
Drug-drug Conjugate NUV-1511 |
A drug-drug conjugate (DDC) composed of an as of yet undisclosed tumor-targeting agent conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed chemotherapeutic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DDC NUV-1511 targets and binds to the as of yet undisclosed receptor expressed in certain tumor types. The chemotherapeutic agent kills the cancer cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. DDCs may be able to increase efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity. |
DTA-H19 Plasmid |
A plasmid DNA encoding the A chain of the diphtheria toxin (DT-A) driven by the transcriptional regulatory sequences of human H19, with potential antineoplastic activity. Because the expression of DT-A is under the control of H19 promotor elements, DT-A is selectively expressed in tumor cells capable of turning on H-19. DT-A catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis and apoptosis. In addition, DT-A protein released f… |
DTRMWXHS-12/Everolimus/Pomalidomide Combination Agent DTRM-555 |
An orally bioavailable combination of DTRMWXHS-12, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, everolimus, a mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, and pomalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), that may be used for the treatment of B-cell malignancies. Upon oral administration of DTRM-555, the DTRMWXHS-12 component inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated… |
Dual IGF-1R/InsR Inhibitor BMS-754807 |
An oral small molecule inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (InsR) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Dual IGF-IR/InsR inhibitor BMS-754807 binds reversibly to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and InsR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R and InsR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in mitogenesis,… |
Dual-activating Polyvalent STING Agonist ONM-501 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173)-activating, pH-sensitive, polymeric micelles PC7A, loaded with the endogenous STING agonist cGAMP, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of dual-activating polyvalent STING agonist ONM-501, both the polymer PC7A and the encapsulated cGAMP target and bind to STING, thereby activating the STING pathway in … |
Dual-target CAR T Cells C-4-29 |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a dual-target CAR, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the dual-target CAR T cells C-4-29 recognize and kill tumor cells expressing the two as of yet undisclosed targets. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against these tumor cells, thereby causing tumor cell lysis. |
Dual-target CAR-T Cells BGT007 |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for two as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the dual-target CAR-T cells BGT007 specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in tumor cells expressing the two TAAs. |
Dubermatinib |
An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL (UFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, dubermatinib targets and binds to AXL and prevents its activity. This blocks AXL-mediated signal transduction pathways and inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which, in turn, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, TP-0903 enhances chemo-sensitivity to certain other chemotherapeutic agents. AXL, a member of … |
Duborimycin |
An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic with therapeutic effects similar to those of doxorubicin. Duborimycin exhibits cytotoxic activity through topoisomerase-mediated interaction with DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Dulanermin |
A recombinant human soluble protein corresponding to amino acids 114-281 of the Apo2 ligand/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (RhApo2L/TRAIL) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dulanermin binds to and activates TRAIL receptors 1 and 2 (TRAIL-R1/R2), which may activate caspases and induce p53-independent apoptosis in TRAIL-R1/R2-expressing tumor cells. The pro-apoptotic cell surface receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2, also known as DR4 (death receptor 4) and DR5 (death recep… |
Duligotuzumab |
An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against both human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3 or ERBB3) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Duligotuzumab binds to both EGFR and HER3 and inhibits their activation. This may prevent EGFR/HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR/HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, MEHD7945A induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EGR/HER3-exp… |
Dupilumab |
A recombinant human monoclonal immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) antibody directed against the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R alpha) with potential immunomodulatory activities. Upon injection, dupilumab selectively binds to the IL-4R alpha chain. This disrupts IL-4/IL-13 signaling and prevents the activation of downstream pathways that mediate type 2 inflammation and may potentially inhibit tumor cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are present on th… |
Durvalumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against B7H1 (B7 homolog 1; programmed cell death ligand 1) with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intravenous administration, durvalumab binds to the cell surface antigen B7H1, thereby blocking B7H1 signaling. This may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against B7H1-expressing tumor cells. B7H1, a member of the B7 protein superfamily and a negative regulator of cytokine synthesis, is overexpressed on certain tum… |
Dusigitumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dusigitumab inhibits IGF1- and IGF2-stimulated activation of membrane-bound IGF receptors and the subsequent triggering of proliferation and survival signaling pathways. This may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF1/2 ligands stimulate cell proliferation, enable oncogenic transformation, and suppr… |
Dutasteride |
A synthetic 4-azasteroid compound. Dutasteride competitively and specifically binds to isoenzymes 1 and 2 of 5 alpha-reductase, forming stable enzyme complexes and inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT); the reduction in DHT activity may mitigate or prevent enlargement of the prostate gland. The type 2 5 alpha-reductase isoenzyme is primarily active in the reproductive tissues, while the type 1 isoenzyme is also active in skin and the liver. |
dUTPase/DPD Inhibitor TAS-114 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both deoxyuridine triphosphatase (dUTPase) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant activity. Upon oral administration in combination with a prodrug of the pyrimidine antagonist 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), TAS-114 inhibits (DPD), the liver enzyme responsible for rapid catabolism of 5-FU into inactive metabolites. This prevents first-pass metabolism of 5-FU, allowing oral administration of the 5-FU prodrug and increasing t… |
Duvelisib |
An orally bioavailable, highly selective and potent small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, duvelisib prevents the activation of the PI3K delta/gamma-mediated signaling pathways which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, the delta and gamma isoforms are overexpressed prim… |
Duvortuxizumab |
An anti-CD19/anti-CD3 bispecific, humanized antibody-like protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Duvortuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD19, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of B-cells. Upon administration, duvortuxizumab binds to CD3-expressing T-cells and CD19-expressing cancer c… |
Dynemicin |
An antitumor antibiotic of the enediyne class. It has demonstrated high DNA cleavage activity in the presence of NADPH, antimicrobial and tumor growth-inhibiting properties. Dynemicin recognizes and cleaves conformationally flexible regions of DNA. It attacks bases at 3’-side of purine residues such as 5’-AG, 5’-AT, and 5’-GC sequences. (NCI) |
Dynemicin A |
An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthraquinone moiety isolated from the bacterium Micromonospora chersina. The anthraquinone moiety intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in double-strand breaks in DNA, inhibition of DNA replication and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
E1A Lipid Complex |
E1A gene combined with lipids that serve as a means to deliver the E1A gene into the cancer cells. The combination of lipids and the E1A gene is called the E1A Lipid Complex. |
E2F1 Pathway Activator ARQ 171 |
A second-generation E2F1 pathway activator with potential antineoplastic activity. ARQ 171 induces the expression of E2F transcription factor 1, thereby activating the E2F1-mediated checkpoint process. E2F1, down-regulated in cancer cells, regulates expression of genes involved in the cell cycle progression from G1 into S phase. The G1/S checkpoint process selectively induces cell cycle arrest in cancer cells with irreparable DNA damages and triggers subsequent apoptosis, while allowing cell … |
EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EBNA-1 inhibitor VK-2019 binds to EBNA-1 and inhibits EBNA-1 DNA binding activity. This disrupts the replication, maintenance and segregation of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, which may lead to tumor cell death in EBV-associated malignancies. EBNA1, a sequence-specific DNA binding protein, plays an important role in EBV episomal genome mai… |
EBP Inhibitor DSP-0390 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of emopamil-binding protein (EBP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EBP inhibitor DSP-0390 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EBP. This inhibits EBP-mediated de novo cholesterol synthesis. As cholesterol is essential for tumor cell proliferation and survival, this inhibits tumor cell proliferation. The inhibition of EBP also results in the accumulation of its substrates zymostenol and zymosterol, and autophagy in tu… |
Ebvaciclib |
An orally bioavailable, cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ebvaciclib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDKs. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor cells. |
Echinomycin |
A polypeptide quinoxaline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces echinatus. Echinomycin intercalates into DNA at two locations simultaneously in a sequence-specific fashion, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Eciskafusp Alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of an antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) linked to an engineered, variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of eciskafusp alfa, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1-mediated downregu… |
Eclutatug |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin-1 (CLDN1; CLDN-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eclutatug targets and binds to a specific extracellular loop epitope that is exposed in non-junctional (NJ) CLDN1 expressed on certain tumor cells. This prevents CLDN1-mediated signaling, which disrupts the stiff extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumors and, by disturbing the physical barrier, enhances t… |
Ecromeximab |
A low-fucose, human-mouse chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity targeting at the ganglioside GD3, a surface antigen expressed on many malignant melanoma cells. Monoclonal antibody KW-2871 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. This agent is prepared by fusing murine immunoglobulin (Ig) light and heavy variable regions derived from the murine IgG3 antibody KM-641 to a human constant (Fc) reg… |
ECT204 Transgene-transduced Autologous T Cells ECT204 |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing the ECT204 transgene that encodes an antibody-based antigen-binding domain targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) glypican-3 (GPC3) and an effector-binding domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and re-introduction into the patient, the ECT204 transgene-transduced autologous T ce… |
Edatrexate |
A polyglutamatable folate antagonist analogue of methotrexate with antineoplastic activity. Edatrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, thereby increasing cellular levels of polyglutamates, inhibiting thymidylate synthase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase, impairing synthesis of purine nucleotides and amino acids, and resulting in tumor cell death. Edatrexate may overcome tumor resistance to methotrexate, which loses its activity after it is polyglutamated. (NCI04) |
Edelfosine |
A synthetic analog of lysophosphatidylcholine, an ether lipid, possessing anti-leishmanial and antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action for edelfosine has not been fully elucidated. Targeting cellular membranes, edelfosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, and phospholipid metabolism. Edelfosine also inhibits the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-AKT/PKB survival pathway, possibly activating the pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK/JNK) … |
Edicotinib |
A small molecule and orally available inhibitor of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; FMS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Edicotinib blocks the receptor-ligand interaction between FMS and its ligand CSF1, thereby preventing autophosphorylation of FMS. As a result, unphosphorylated FMS can not activate FMS-mediated signaling pathways, thus potentially inhibiting cell proliferation in FMS-overexpressed tumor cells. FMS, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed in certain … |
Edodekin alfa |
A recombinant form of the endogenous heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-12 with potential antineoplastic activity. Edodekin alfa binds to and activates its cell-surface receptor, stimulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN) which, in turn, induces IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and so inhibits tumor angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Edotecarin |
A synthetic indolocarbazole with antineoplastic activity. Edotecarin inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I through stabilization of the DNA-enzyme complex and enhanced single-strand DNA cleavage, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and decreased tumor cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Edralbrutinib |
An orally available irreversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, edralbrutinib covalently binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This may inhibit the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the … |
Edrecolomab |
A murine monoclonal IgG2a antibody to tumor-associated epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM, or 17-1A) antigen. Edrecolomab attaches to EpCAM, a human cell surface glycoprotein that is found on normal epithelial cells and some tumor cells, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Upon binding, this agent recruits the body’s immune effector cells, which may exhibit antitumor cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
EED Inhibitor APG-5918 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, allosteric inhibitor of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) component embryonic ectoderm development (EED) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EED inhibitor APG-5918 targets and binds to EED. This inhibits the binding of EED with trimethylated histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3), prevents the interaction of EED with the histone methyltransferase (HMT) and the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 enhancer zeste homolog… |
EED Inhibitor BR1733 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) component embryonic ectoderm development (EED) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EED inhibitor BR1733 targets and binds to EED. This inhibits the binding of EED with trimethylated histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3), prevents the interaction of EED with the histone methyltransferase (HMT) and the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and prevents H3K27 … |
EED Inhibitor MAK683 |
An inhibitor of embryonic ectoderm development protein (EED) and allosteric inhibitor of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MAK683 selectively binds to the domain of EED that interacts with trimethylated lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), which leads to a conformational change in the EED H3K27me3-binding pocket and prevents the interaction of EED with the histone methyltransferase enhancer zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Disruption of th… |
Efaprinermin Alfa |
A Fc-engineered human fusion protein composed of two trimers of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18 (TNFSF18; GlTRL) linked to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (GITRL-Fc), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, efaprinermin alfa targets, binds to and activates its co-stimulatory surface receptor (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR; TNFRSF18) expressed on T-lymphocytes and certain tumor cell types. This activat… |
Efatutazone |
An orally bioavailable thiazolidinedione and an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma thus inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation. PPAR-gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor that controls the expression of genes involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, spec… |
Efatutazone Dihydrochloride |
The dihydrochloride salt of efatutazone, an orally bioavailable agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) with potential antineoplastic activity. Efatutazone binds to and activates PPAR-gamma, a nuclear hormone receptor and a ligand-activated transcription factor controling gene expression involved in macromolecule metabolism and cell differentiation, specifically adipocyte differentiation. Mediated through activation of PPAR-gamma, this agent is capable of indu… |
Efdelikofusp Alfa |
A bi-specific Fc fusion protein composed of the N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD) of human CD80 (B7.1) fused to a human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) Fc fragment and linked to an interleukin (IL)-2 variant (IL-2v) as a C-terminal moiety, with potential immunostimulatory, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of efdelikofusp alfa, the CD80 moiety targets and binds to CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) expressed on T-cells. This prevents the bindin… |
Efgitasialase Alfa |
A fusion protein composed of two engineered human sialidase molecules fused to an Fc antibody domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, efgitasialase alfa targets and binds to sialoglycans overexpressed on the cell surface of certain tumor cells and immune cells, such as exhausted T-cells. This degrades the immunosuppressive sialoglycans and allows for the re-activation of the immune system, thereby inducing an anti-tumor immune response. Sial… |
Efgivanermin Alfa |
A homogenous hexameric agonist fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain (ECD) of the T-cell costimulatory receptor human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR) ligand (GITRL) and an immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 Fc domain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, efgivanermin alfa binds to and activates GITR found on multiple types of T-cells, thereby inducing both the … |
Efizonerimod |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, efizonerimod selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycopro… |
Eflornithine |
A difluoromethylated ornithine compound with antineoplastic activity. Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. This agent has been shown to induce apoptosis in leiomyoma cells. (NCI04) |
Eflornithine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride form of eflornithine, a difluoromethylated ornithine compound with antineoplastic activity. Eflornithine irreversibly inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme required for polyamine biosynthesis, thereby inhibiting the formation and proliferation of tumor cells. Polyamines are involved in nucleosome oligomerization and DNA conformation, creating a chromatin environment that stimulates neoplastic transformation of cells. (NCI04) |
Efprezimod Alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the mature human glycoprotein CD24 linked to a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, efprezimod alfa binds to injured cell components, also called DAMPs (Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns), thereby preventing the interaction of DAMPs with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and inhibiting both nuclear factor-kappa… |
Eftilagimod Alpha |
A T-cell immunostimulatory factor, derived from the soluble form of the lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, alone or in combination with tumor antigens, eftilagimod alpha binds with high affinity to MHC class II molecules expressed by dendritic cells (DC), potentially resulting in DC maturation, DC migration to lymph nodes, enhanced DC cross-presentation of antigens to T cells, and antitumor cytotoxic T cell responses. |
Eftozanermin Alfa |
A fusion protein composed of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonist consisting of six receptor binding domains (RBDs) of TRAIL fused to the Fc-domain of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of eftozanermin alfa, this fusion protein binds to TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DRs) TRAIL-R1 (death receptor 4; DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (death receptor 5; DR… |
Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor 4SC-205 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of the human kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor 4SC-205 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein essential for the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and ma… |
Eg5 Kinesin-Related Motor Protein Inhibitor ARQ 621 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein inhibitor ARQ 621 selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and cell death. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein involved in the regulation of spindle dynamics, including assembly and maintenanc… |
Eganelisib |
An orally bioavailable, highly selective small molecule inhibitor of the gamma isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-gamma) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eganelisib prevents the activation of the PI3K-gamma-mediated signaling pathways, which may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K-gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent is able to modulate anti-tumor immune responses and inhibit tumor-mediated immunosup… |
EGb761 |
A standardized ginkgo biloba extract with antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. EGb761 has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of certain tumor cells in vitro. (NCI04) |
EGF Vaccine EGF-PTI |
A cancer vaccine containing epidermal growth factor (EGF), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the EGF vaccine EGF-PTI, EGF induces an immune response against EGFR, which results in the formation of anti-EGF-specific neutralizing antibodies. This causes binding of the anti-EGF antibodies to endogenous EGF, reduces levels of circulating EGF and prevents the binding of EGF to its receptor EGFR. This prevents EGF/EGFR pathway activation and may result in a… |
EGFR Antagonist Hemay022 |
An orally available, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hemay022 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
EGFR Antisense DNA |
A synthetic sequence of DNA constructed in the antisense orientation to a sequence of DNA in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the erbB gene family. EGFR antisense DNA suppresses the expression of EGFR by tumor cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and decreasing tumor growth. This agent also appears to reduce the invasiveness of certain breast cancer cells. Members of the erbB gene family are overexpressed in many cancers and play roles in carcinogenesis and t… |
EGFR Antisense DNA BB-401 |
A recombinant, plasmid DNA expression vector encoding a 39 nucleotide (nt) short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, the EGFR antisense DNA BB-401 is taken up by tumor cells and shRNA is transcribed. The shRNA is converted into small interfering RNA (siRNA) via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. The siRNA targets and binds to EGFR RNA expressed by tumor cells. This blocks EGFR… |
EGFR CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-Lymphocytes |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) chimeric T cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) gene coupled to the signaling domains from both CD3 zeta and CD137 (4-1BB), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the chimeric EGFR antigen receptor-modified autologous T lymphocytes bind to the EGFR antigen on tumor cell surfaces; subsequently, EGFR-expressing tumo… |
EGFR Exon 20 Inhibitor |
Any agent that inhibits the activity of the tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20. |
EGFR Inhibitor ERAS-801 |
An orally bioavailable, central nervous system (CNS) penetrating inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1; HER1) amplifications driven by both oncogenic EGFR variants and wildtype EGFR, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor ERAS-801 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling. This may induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a rec… |
EGFR Inhibitor NRC-2694 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor NRC-2694 binds to and inhibits EGFR, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
EGFR Inhibitor NRC-2694 Dihydrochloride |
The dihydrochloride salt form of NRC-2694, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor NRC-2694 binds to and inhibits EGFR, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
EGFR Inhibitor NRC-2694 Hydrochloride |
The monohydrochloride salt form of NRC-2694, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor NRC-2694 binds to and inhibits EGFR, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
EGFR Inhibitor PD-168393 |
A quinazolone compound with anti-tumor activity. PD-168393 is a cell-permeable, irreversible, and selective inhibitor of ligand-dependent epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR). This agent binds to the catalytic domain of EGFR with a 1:1 stoichiometry and inactivates the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity through alkylation of a cystine residue (Cys-773) within the ATP-binding pocket, thereby inhibiting proliferation of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. |
EGFR Inhibitor TY-9591 |
An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), including activating mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR inhibitor TY-9591 binds to and inhibits EGFR activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell prolif… |
EGFR Inhibitor WJ13404 |
An orally bioavailable, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor WJ13404 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR, including wild-type EGFR and multiple EGFR resistance mutations, such as triple mutations Del19/T790M/C797S and L858R/T790M/C797S. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, which induces cell death and inhibits tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR… |
EGFR Inhibitor XZP-5809 |
An orally bioavailable third-generation inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, and the L858R and del 19 mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor XZP-5809 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. This agent shows hig… |
EGFR Inhibitor XZP-5809 Tartrate |
The tartrate salt form of XZP-5809, an orally bioavailable third-generation inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, and the L858R and del 19 mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR inhibitor XZP-5809 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressi… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor BBT-176 |
A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor BBT-176 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR with C797S triple mutations including Del19/T790M/C797S and L858R/T790M/C797S, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a rec… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor BLU-701 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor BLU-701 targets, reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of the activating/ sensitizing mutations EGFR exon 19 deletion (ex19del) and L858R, and the C797S resistance EGFR mutations, including the resistance double mutants ex19del/C797S and L858R/C797S. This prevents EGFR mutant-med… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor BPI-361175 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor BPI-361175 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with C797S and other related mutations, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor FWD1509 MsOH |
The methanesulfonic acid salt form of FWD1509, an orally bioavailable, irreversible, small molecule, mutant-selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor FWD1509 MsOH targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR with exon20 insertion mutations, as well as L858R, exon19del and T790M mutations, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor H002 |
A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor H002 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR, including multiple EGFR resistance mutations, such as single mutations, including Del19 and L858R, double mutations, including Del19/C797S, L858R/C797S, Del19/T790M and L858R/T790M, and triple mutations, including Del19/T790M/C797… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor HS-10375 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor HS-10375 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with C797S mutations, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, p… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor NX-019 |
An orally bioavailable, central nervous system (CNS)-penetrating, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor NX-019 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR mutations, including exon 19 deletions, L858R, T790M, exon 20 insertions, and certain other mutations, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling, which induces cell death and inhibits tumor growth in EGFR… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor PLB1004 |
An orally bioavailable, mono-anilino-pyrimidine, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor PLB1004 targets, binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of various EGFR mutations, including exon 20 insertion (Ex20ins) activating mutations, the gatekeeper mutation T790M, ExDel19, and L858R. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, induces cell death and inhibits tumor gr… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor QLH11811 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor QLH11811 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with selective mutations, including ex19del, L858R, T790M and C797S, thereby preventing EGFR mutant-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR mutant-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TQB3804 |
A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor TQB3804 binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the C797S EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many t… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor TRX-221 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor TRX-221 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with selective mutations, including Del19/T790M/C797S, L858R/T790M/C797S, Del19/C797S, L858R/C797S, Del19/T790M, L858R/T790M, Del19, and L858R, thereby preventing EGFR mutant-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death a… |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor WZ4002 |
An inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor WZ4002 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, which prevents EGFR T790M mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M mutant-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
EGFR Mutant-selective Inhibitor YK-029A |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR mutant-selective inhibitor YK-029A targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with exon 20 insertion (Ex20ins) activating mutations, the gatekeeper mutation T790M and some other rare mutations, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-over… |
EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor CK-101 |
An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, and the L858R and del 19 mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor CK-101 specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signalin… |
EGFR Mutant-specific Inhibitor ZN-e4 |
An orally available selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor ZN-e4 specifically binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, ZN-e4 may offer therapeutic benefits… |
EGFR T790M Antagonist BPI-15086 |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR T790M antagonist BPI-15086 specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascula… |
EGFR Tri-specific Natural Killer Cell Engager DF9001 |
A tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, EGFR tri-specific NK cell engager DF9001 targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells, thereby bringing EGFR-expressing tumor cells and NK cells together. This stimulates the NK cells and results in the selective NK cell-mediated killing of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. In additio… |
EGFR/CD3-targeting T-cell Engaging Molecule TAK-186 |
A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody and Conditional Bispecific Redirected Activation (COBRA) protein targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, and containing a protease cleavable linker and a human serum albumin (HSA) binding part, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, EGFR/CD3-targeting T-cell engaging moleculeTAK-186 is cleaved by proteases in the… |
EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor CM93 |
An orally bioavailable, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetrable, third-generation, covalent inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and various EGFR mutations, including the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant form, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/EGFRvIII inhibitor CM93 specifically targets, irreversibly binds to and inhibits EGFR and specific EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR/EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR/EGF… |
EGFR/EGFRvIII Inhibitor WSD0922-FU |
A blood-brain-barrier (BBB) penetrable selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and various EGFR mutations, including but not limited to the EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant form, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of EGFR/EGFRvIII inhibitor WSD0922-FU, this agent is able to penetrate the BBB and specifically targets, binds to and inhibits EGFR and specific EGFR mutations, which prevents EGFR/EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell dea… |
EGFR/HER1/HER2 Inhibitor PKI166 |
A pyrrolo-pyrimidine epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein kinase inhibitor with anti-tumor activity. PKI-166 reversibly inhibits HER1 and HER2 tyrosine kinases, belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor family, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. |
EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor ABT-101 |
An orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2; ErbB2), including EGFR L858R, EGFR T790M and HER2 exon 20 insertion (Ex20ins) mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor ABT-101 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR or HER2 insertions or mutations. This prevents EGFR/HER2-mediated signaling, which may induce cell death and… |
EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor AV-412 |
A second-generation, orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 inhibitor AV-412 binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to first-generation kinase inhibitors… |
EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor ORIC-114 |
An orally bioavailable, central nervous system (CNS) penetrating, mutant-selective covalent inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2; ErbB2) alterations, including exon 20 insertion (Ex20ins) mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor ORIC-114 selectively targets, irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR or HER2 insertions or mutations. This prevent… |
EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor TAS2940 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 inhibitor TAS2940 targets, binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferat… |
EGFR/HER2 Kinase Inhibitor TAK-285 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule and dual kinase inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (EGFR/ErbB1) and 2 (HER2/ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR/HER2 kinase inhibitor TAK-285 binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors. This agent may be active against EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells that are resistant to trastuzumab. EGFR and HER2, rece… |
EGFR/HER2 Mutant-selective Inhibitor BAY2927088 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 mutant-selective inhibitor BAY2927088 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR and HER2 with exon20 insertion mutations, as well as EGFR with C797X mutations, thereby preventing EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of… |
EGFR/HER2 Mutant-selective Inhibitor HS-10376 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 mutant-selective inhibitor HS-10376 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR and HER2 with exon20 insertion mutations, thereby preventing EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumo… |
EGFR/HER2 Mutant-selective Inhibitor STX-721 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, small molecule inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EGFR/HER2 mutant-selective inhibitor STX-721 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of EGFR and HER2 with exon20 insertion mutations, thereby preventing EGFR- and HER2-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tu… |
EGFR/VEGFR/RET Inhibitor HA121-28 |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of HA121-28, this agent targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR, RET and VEGFR. This prevents EGFR-, RET- and VEGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to the induction of apoptosis and… |
EGFRBi-Armed Autologous T Cells |
Autologous activated T cells, loaded with a bispecific antibody produced by heteroconjugation of anti-CD3 and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies, with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding of EGFRBi-armed autologous activated T cells to EGFR-positive tumor cells may result in increased T cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards tumor cells expressing EGFR. Arming activated T cells with this bispecific antibody may significantly increase T cell secretion of anti… |
EGFRt/19-28z/IL-12 CAR T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (19-28z), a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), and the human pro-inflammato… |
EGFR-targeted IL-2/IL-10 Dual Cytokine Fusion Protein DK210 (EGFR) |
A dual cytokine fusion protein comprised of high-affinity interleukin-10 (IL-10), fused to a single chain variable fragment (scFv) scaffolding system that is linked to wild-type interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the hinge region of the scFv, in which six complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of the scFv are replaced by CDRs from an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, EGFR-… |
EGFRvIII-specific CAR-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) mutant chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) gene, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EGFRvIII-specific CAR-transduced autologous T-lymphocytes bind to the EGFRvIII antigen on tumor cell surfaces; subsequently, EGFRvIII-expressing tumor cells may be lysed. EGFRvIII, an in-frame de… |
Eicosapentaenoic Acid |
An essential, polyunsaturated, 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may activate caspase 3, resulting in apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. In addition, this agent may inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and prostaglandin-mediated inflammatory processes. |
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Monoacylglyceride |
An eicosapentaenoic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, eicosapentaenoic acid monoacylglyceride (MAG-EPA) may inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B)-mediated signaling pathways and reduce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha) expression levels in tumor cells. This may promo… |
Eicosapentaenoic Acid-enriched Nutritional Supplement |
A nutritional supplement enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which is an essential, polyunsaturated, 20-carbon omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-cachectic activities. Upon oral intake of the EPA-enriched nutritional supplement, EPA is incorporated in cell membrane phospholipids and replaces arachidonic acid. This affects the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6,… |
eIF4E Antisense Oligonucleotide ISIS 183750 |
A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide targeting the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) with potential antitumor activity. Antisense oligonucleotide ISIS EIF4ERx suppresses the expression of eIF4E in fast dividing tumor cells. Blocking the expression of eIF4E results in inhibition of the synthesis of tumor angiogenic factors, thereby leading to the inhibition of cellular proliferation and apoptosis in tumor cells. eIF4E is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, is invo… |
Elacestrant |
An orally available, selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elacestrant acts as a SERD, which binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the proteosomal degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits proliferation of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Elacestrant Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of elacestrant, an orally available, selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elacestrant acts as a SERD, which binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the proteosomal degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits proliferation of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Elacytarabine |
The lipophilic 5’-elaidic acid ester of the deoxycytidine analog cytosine arabinoside (cytarabine; Ara-C) with potential antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, elacytarabine is converted intracellularly into cytarabine triphosphate by deoxycytidine kinase and subsequently competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Compared to cytarabine, elacytarabine shows increased cellular uptake and retention, resulting in increased activation by deoxycytidine kin… |
Elagolix |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation, non-peptide based, small molecule compound and selective gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; LHRH) receptor antagonist, with potential hormone production inhibitory activity. Upon oral administration, elagolix competes with GnRH for receptor binding and inhibits GnRH receptor signaling in the anterior pituitary gland. This inhibits the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secre… |
Elenestinib |
An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the mutated form of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), D816V, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elenestinib binds to and inhibits the specific c-Kit mutant D816V. This may result in an inhibition of cell proliferation in mast cells that overexpress this c-Kit mutation. D816V, a mutation in which the amino acid asparagine aspartic acid at position 816 in the … |
Elesclomol |
A small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exhausting tumor cell antioxidant cap… |
Elesclomol Sodium |
The water soluble sodium salt of a small-molecule bis(thio-hydrazide amide) with oxidative stress induction, pro-apoptotic, and potential antineoplastic activities. Elesclomol induces oxidative stress, creating high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, in both cancer cells and normal cells. Because tumor cells have elevated levels of ROS compared to normal cells, the increase in oxidative stress beyond baseline levels elevates ROS beyond sustainable levels, exha… |
Elgemtumab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Elgemtumab binds to and locks HER3 in the inactive conformation and does not interfere with its interaction with neuregulin (NRG). The inactivated form of HER3 blocks the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation in HER2 or NRG expressing tumor cells. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of rece… |
Elimusertib |
An orally available ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)-specific kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elimusertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of ATR, which prevents ATR-mediated signaling. This inhibits DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair and induces apoptosis in ATR-overexpressing tumor cells. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key rol… |
Elinafide |
A symmetrical dimeric bis-naphthalimide compound and a topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Elinafide contains two neutral chromophores joined by a cationic linker and is capable of bis-intercalation at the TpG and CpA steps of the DNA hexanucleotide. Intercalation inhibits topoisomerase II activity and causing DNA stand breakage, thereby leads to inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. |
Elisidepsin |
A synthetic cyclic depsipeptide of the kahalalides family with potential antineoplastic activity. PM02734 is a derivative of a natural marine compound extracted from the sacoglossan sea slug, Elysia rufescens. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be elucidated, elisidepsin exhibits anti-proliferative activity in a wide variety of cancer types, such as breast, colon, pancreas, lung, and prostate. |
Ellagic Acid/Annona muricata Supplement |
A nutritional supplement containing the phytochemical polyphenol, ellagic acid, and an extract of Annona muricata, with potential chemopreventive activity. Although the exact mechanism of action for ellagic acid has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent acts as an anti-oxidant and reduces oxidative stress. This agent also appears to protect the body against certain carcinogens, either through preventing DNA binding or by increasing the rate of their metabolism and deactivation. Certain extra… |
Elliptinium |
A derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Elliptinium Acetate |
Acetate salt of elliptinium, a derivative of the alkaloid ellipticine isolated from species of the plant family Apocynaceae, including Bleekeria vitensis, a plant with anti-cancer properties. As a topoisomerase II inhibitor and intercalating agent, elliptinium stabilizes the cleavable complex of topoisomerase II and induces DNA breakages, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Elmustine |
A (2-chloroethy1)nitrosourea derivative related to carmustine, with antineoplastic activity. |
Elotuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Elotuzumab binds to the CS1 antigen, which may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells expressing CS1. CS1 is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the CD2 subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and is highly expressed by multiple myeloma cells, but minimally expressed by normal cells. |
Elpamotide |
A peptide vaccine containing an HLA-A2402-restricted epitope of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VEGFR2-169 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against VEGFR2-expressing tumor cells. VEGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed by a variety of tumor types; overexpression is associated with tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. HLA-A24… |
Elraglusib |
A maleimide-based, small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3; serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, elraglusib binds to and competitively inhibits GSK-3, which may lead to downregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and decreased expression of NF-kappaB target genes including cyclin D1, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), anti-apoptotic protein XIAP, and B-cell lymphoma extra-large (Bcl-XL). This may … |
Elranatamab |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, elranatamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing plasma cells… |
Elsamitrucin |
An heterocyclic antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinomycete strain J907-21. Elsamitrucin intercalates into DNA at guanine-cytosine (G-C)-rich sequences and inhibits topoisomerase I and II, resulting in single-strand breaks and inhibition of DNA replication. (NCI04) |
Eltanexor |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, eltanexor binds to the XPO1 cargo binding site, which prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p73, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. As a selective inhibi… |
Eltivutabart |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eltivutabart specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, which may inhibit both the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the subsequent generation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine … |
Eltrapuldencel-T |
A therapeutic melanoma vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with antigens from lethally irradiated autologous tumor cells derived from a patient-specific, continuously proliferating and melanoma-initiating cell line and suspended in a solution containing the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, eltrapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune syste… |
Eluvixtamab |
A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of eluvixtamab, this bispecific antibody binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing… |
Elzovantinib |
An orally bioavailable, multi-targeted kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, elzovantinib binds to and inhibits three tyrosine kinases that are often overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, including MET (c-Met; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) , Src, and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; M-CSFR) thereby disrupting their respective signaling pathways. M… |
Emactuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, emactuzumab binds to CSF1R expressed on macrophages and inhibits the binding of colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling in these cells, wh… |
Emepepimut-S |
A liposome-encapsulated peptide vaccine consisting of a synthetic peptide derived from the mucin 1 (MUC-1) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, MUC-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC-1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in growth inhibition. MUC-1 antigen is a high-molecular-weight transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed on the cell surfaces of many epithelial tumor cells as w… |
Emerfetamab |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD33 fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, emerfetamab binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD33 antigen found on CD33-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to C… |
Emfizatamab |
An anti-CD19/anti-CD3/anti-PD-L1/anti-4-1BB tetra-specific antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, emfizatamab targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 overexpressed on the surface of B-cells, the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) expressed on tumor cells, the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis fac… |
Emibetuzumab |
A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Emibetuzumab binds to c-MET, thereby preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival… |
Emidurdar |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) and the ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2), with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, emidurdar targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SRPK1 and ABCG2. Inhibition of the cellular efflux pump ABCG2 by emidurdar prevents the efflux of co-administered chemotherapeutic agents from cancer cells. This may abrogate cancer cell dr… |
Emiltatug Ledadotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of emiltatug, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell checkpoint ligand B7-H4 (V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1; VTCN1; B7x; B7S1), site-specifically conjugated to six cytotoxic auristatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide) payloads per antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of emiltatug ledadotin, the anti-B7-H4 monoclonal a… |
Emilumenib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of menin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, emilumenib targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic… |
Emilumenib Succinate |
The succinate form of emilumenib, an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of menin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, emilumenib targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the prolif… |
Emirodatamab |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) FLT3 tyrosine kinase receptor (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3; FLT3; FLT-3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; FLK2), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, emirodatamab binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and F… |
Emitefur |
An orally available antimetabolite composed of the 1-ethoxymethyl derivative of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) inhibitor 3-cyano-2,6-dihydroxypyridine (CNDP) in a 1:1 molar ratio, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the prodrug emitefur is converted into 5-FU, while CNDP prevents the degradation of 5-FU by inhibiting DPYD and thereby prolonging the half-life of 5-FU. This increases 5-FU’s concentration and thus its antitumor activity throu… |
Emofolin Sodium |
The sodium salt of a synthetic antimetabolite analogue of folate with antineoplastic activity. Emfolin sodium competes for the folate binding site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of tetrahydrofolate synthesis, depletion of nucleotide pools, and inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Empesertib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, empesertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This causes inactivation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerated mitosis, chromosomal misalignment, chromosomal missegregation, mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization, and increased aneuploidy. This leads to the induction of cell death in cancer cells overexpr… |
Emunkitug |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B; TNFRSF1B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, emunkitug targets and binds to TNFR2 expressed on the surface of CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells in the tumor micro-environment (TME), thereby activating CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. This may enhance T-cell- and NK cell- mediated immu… |
Emvododstat |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Emvododstat targets post-transcriptionally by selectively binding the 5’- and 3’-untranslated regions (UTR) of VEGF messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby preventing translation of VEGF. This inhibits VEGF protein production and decreases its levels in the tumor and bloodstream. In turn, this may result in the inhibition of migration, pr… |
Emzadirib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the DNA damage repair protein RAD51, with potential antineoplastic and sensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, emzadirib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of RAD51. This prevents RAD51-mediated DNA damage repair in susceptible tumor cells and induces tumor cell apoptosis. RAD51, the central protein involved in homologous repair (HR) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), is overexpressed in many tumor cell types. |
Enadenotucirev |
A complex, replication-selective, chimeric adenovirus type 11p (Ad11p)/Ad3 oncolytic virus vaccine, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Enadenotucirev has the Ad11p backbone with a large deletion in the E3-region and a small E4-domain (E4orf4) deleted, in addition to a partial E2B substitution by the Ad3 E2B genes. Upon intravenous administration of enadenotucirev, the adenovirus selectively reaches the tumor cells due to the leaky tumor vasculature and replicates i… |
Enadenotucirev-expressing Anti-CD40 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody NG-350A |
An oncolytic adenoviral vector, enadenotucirev (EnAd), that expresses a full-length agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of NG-350A, enadenotucirev specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, and selectively expresses the agonistic anti-CD40 antibody. The locally expressed anti-CD40 antibody targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cells, i… |
Enadenotucirev-expressing FAP/CD3 Bispecific FAP-TAc NG-641 |
An oncolytic adenoviral vector, a transgene-modified variant of enadenotucirev (EnAd), that expresses a bi-specific T-cell activator molecule FAP-TAc together with immune enhancer molecules C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and interferon alpha (IFNalpha), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of NG-641, EnAd specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells and not in normal, noncancerous tissue, and selectively e… |
Enapotamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) and conjugated, through a protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of enapotamab vedotin binds to AXL, which is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types. Upon endocytosis and enzymatic cleavage, MMAE is released … |
Enasidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of specific mutant forms of the mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enasidenib specifically inhibits various mutant forms of IDH2, including the IDH2 variants R140Q, R172S, and R172K, which inhibits the formation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH2-expressing tumor cells. … |
Enavatuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis receptor (TWEAKR) with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and antiangiogenic activities. Enavatuzumab binds to TWEAKR and inhibits TWEAK ligand binding and activation of NF-kappaB-mediated cytokine release, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis. TWEAKR is a cell-surface receptor with homology to tumor necrosis factor receptors. Upon binding with its ligand, TWEAKR has been show… |
Enbezotinib |
An orally bioavailable selective dual inhibitor of fusions and mutations involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (ret) and the src family tyrosine kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, enbezotinib specifically targets and binds to ret mutants and ret-containing fusion products. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumor cells that exhibit increased ret activity. By inhibiting src kinase-mediated signa… |
Encapsulated Rapamycin |
An orally bioavailable nanoparticle-based formulation composed of sub-micron particles of the macrolide antibiotic rapamycin incorporated into a pH-sensitive poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the encapsulated rapamycin, the nanoparticle specifically delivers rapamycin at the tumor site. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits … |
Encelimab |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,encelimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytot… |
Enclomiphene |
The trans-isomer of clomiphene citrate (CC). Enclomiphene has a higher rate of clearance and is less active than the cis-isomer, cis-clomiphene. Clomiphene citrate has been evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. (NCI04) |
Enclomiphene Citrate |
The orally bioavailable citrate salt of enclomiphene, the trans-isomer of the nonsteroidal triphenylethylene compound clomiphene, with tissue-selective estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), enclomiphene binds to hypothalamic estrogen receptors, blocking the negative feedback of endogenous estrogens and stimulating the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus; released GnRH subsequently stimulates the release … |
Encorafenib |
An orally available Raf kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Encorafenib specifically inhibits Raf kinase, a serine/threonine enzyme in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. By inhibiting the activation of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, the administration of LGX818 may result in a decrease in proliferation of tumor cells. The Raf mutation BRAF V600E is frequently upregulated in a variety of hu… |
Endothelin Receptor Type A Antagonist YM598 |
An orally active synthetic substituted phenylethenesulfonamide. As a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist, YM598 inhibits endothelin-mediated mechanisms involved in tumor cell growth and progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. (NCI04) |
Endoxifen Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt and the z (cis-) stereoisomer of endoxifen with potential antineoplastic activity. Endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA and thus reducing DNA synthesis. Unlike tamoxifen, however, which relies on CYP2D6 activity for its conversion to the active metabolite endoxifen, the direct administration of endoxifen by… |
Enfortumab Vedotin |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) containing a human monoclonal antibody AGS-22 targeting the cell adhesion molecule nectin-4 and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via a proprietary enzyme-cleavable linker (AGS-22CE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of enfortumab vedotin selectively binds to nectin-4. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M… |
Engineered IL-12 Prodrug WTX-330 |
An engineered, prodrug form of the human cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), composed of wild-type IL-12 linked to a high affinity blockade element via a tumor protease-sensitive linker, and a half-life extension domain, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of engineered IL-12 prodrug WTX-330, IL-12 is bound to the blockade element and pharmacologically inactive. Upon proteolytic cleavage in the tumor microenvironment (TME), active IL-12 is released…. |
Engineered IL-12 Variant/Aluminum Hydroxide Complex ANK-101 |
An anchored drug complex-based formulation consisting of an engineered variant of the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) linked to an inert scaffolding composed of aluminum hydroxide, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of engineered IL-12 variant/aluminum hydroxide complex ANK-101, IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and activating CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells and natural killer cells … |
Engineered IL-2 Prodrug WTX-124 |
An engineered, prodrug form of the human endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), composed of IL-2 linked to an inactivation domain via a tumor protease-sensitive linker, and a half-life extension domain, with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of engineered IL-2 prodrug WTX-124, IL-2 is bound to the inactivation domain and pharmacologically inactive. Upon proteolytic cleavage in the tumor microenvironment (TME), active IL-2 is released. IL-2 binds … |
Engineered Interferon Alpha-2b Prodrug JZP898 |
An engineered, prodrug form of the human cytokine interferon alpha-2b (IFN-alpha-2b), composed of IFN-alpha-2b linked to a high affinity blockade element via a tumor protease-sensitive linker, and a half-life extension domain, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of engineered IFN-alpha-2b prodrug JZP898, IFN-alpha-2b is bound to the blockade element and pharmacologically inactive. Upon proteolytic cleavage in the tumor microenvironment (TME), act… |
Engineered Interferon ORB-011 |
An attenuated, cis-targeted interferon (IFN), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, engineered IFN ORB-011 specifically targets, binds to and activates type 1 conventional dendritic cell (cDC1). As these are specific immune cells that specialize in presenting tumor antigens to, and activating, tumor cytotoxic CD8 T cells, ORB-011 may be able to stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune response. ORB-011 is engi… |
Engineered Red Blood Cells Co-expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15TP RTX-240 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf (OTS) red blood cells (RBCs) engineered to express both the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and a fusion protein composed of the trans-presented cytokine interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) (IL-15TP) with potential modulating and antineoplastic activities. CD34+ hematopoietic precursor cells (HPC) are collected by apheresis from a healthy O negative donor, purified, and… |
Engineered Red Blood Cells Expressing 4-1BBL/IL-12 RTX-224 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) genetically engineered with a lentiviral vector to express on the cell surface the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the engineered RBCs expressing 4-1BBL/IL-12 RTX-224, 4-1BBL and IL-12 expressed on these cells bin… |
Engineered Red Blood Cells Expressing HPV16 E7/4-1BBL/IL-12 RTX-321 |
A preparation of allogeneic red blood cells (RBCs) engineered to act as artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) and express on the cell surface the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 protein on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I, the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) and the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of th… |
Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CD38 MT-0169 |
An engineered toxin body (ETB) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) from an antibody targeting the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) that is fused to a cytotoxic payload composed of the enzymatically active, de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ETB targeting CD38 MT-0169, the anti-CD38 scFv moiety specifically targets and binds to CD38-expressin… |
Engineered Toxin Body Targeting CTLA-4 MT-8421 |
An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of biparatopic heavy chain variable domains (VHHs) targeting the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CTLA4; CD152), fused to the enzymatically active, de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of ETB targeting CTLA-4 MT-8421, the antibody fragments specifically targ… |
Engineered Toxin Body Targeting HER2 MT-5111 |
An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) from an antibody targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2), fused to the enzymatically active de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the scFv moiety of MT-5111 specifically targets and binds to a distinct epitope on HER2-expressing cells. Upon internalization, the SLTA moiety… |
Engineered Toxin Body Targeting PD-L1 MT-6402 |
An engineered toxin body (ETB) composed of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), fused to the enzymatically active de-immunized, ribosome-inactivating cytotoxic payload Shiga-like toxin-A subunit (SLTA) and a class I antigen derived from the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) phosphoprotein pp65, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, … |
Eniluracil/5-FU Combination Tablet |
A combination tablet of ethynyluracil and fluorouracil. Fluorouracil is an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Ethynyluracil is an orally-active fluoropyrimidine analog that inhibits dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme that catabolizes and inactivates 5-fluorouracil in the liver. This may lead to an increase in the bioavailability and, effectiveness of fluorouracil. |
Enitociclib |
An inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF- b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, enitociclib binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II and leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of various anti-apoptotic proteins. This may cause cell… |
Enlonstobart |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, enlonstobart targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane prote… |
Enloplatin |
A platinum-based alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Although its pharmacokinetic properties are similar to that of carboplatin, enloplatin appears to be non-cross resistant with other platinum-based agents, such as cisplatin and carboplatin. |
Enoblituzumab |
An Fc-domain optimized, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against cancer stem cells (CSCs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding of enoblituzumab to an as of yet not elucidated target expressed on CSCs and differentiated tumor cells, this agent may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CSCs. CSCs are tumor initiating cells that are able to self-renew and are responsible for tumor cell growth and resistance. |
Enobosarm |
A non-steroidal agent with anabolic activity. Selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) GTx-024 is designed to work like testosterone, thus promoting and/or maintaining libido, fertility, prostate growth, and muscle growth and strength. Mimicking testosterone’s action, this agent may increase lean body mass, thereby ameliorating muscle wasting in the hypermetabolic state of cancer cachexia. |
Enoticumab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against Delta-like ligand-4 (DLL4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Enoticumab specifically binds to human DLL4, preventing its binding to Notch receptors and inhibiting Notch signaling, which may result in defective tumor vascularization and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell growth. DLL4 is the only Notch ligand selectively expressed on endothelial cells; DLL4/Notch signaling is required for the development of functional tumor blood vessels. |
ENPP1 Inhibitor RBS2418 |
A selective small molecule inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ENPP1 inhibitor RBS2418 targets and binds to ENPP1, thereby inhibiting the activity of ENPP1. This inhibits ENPP1-mediated 2’-3’-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and stabilizes extracellular endogenous cGAMP and ATP. This leads to the extr… |
ENPP1 Inhibitor SR-8541A |
An orally bioavailable selective small molecule inhibitor of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ENPP1 inhibitor SR-8541A selectivelly targets and binds to ENPP1, thereby inhibiting the activity of ENPP1. This inhibits ENPP1-mediated 2’-3’-cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and stabilizes extracellular endogeno… |
Enpromate |
A synthetic acetylenic carbamate, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity. |
Enristomig |
A recombinant, humanized, bispecific antibody targeting both the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, enristomig simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes, and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. Through 4-1BB binding, en… |
Ensartinib |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ensartinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ensartinib inhibits various other kinases, including the receptor ty… |
Ensartinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of ensartinib, an orally available small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ensartinib binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, ALK fusion proteins and ALK point mutation variants. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ensartinib inhibits vario… |
Ensituximab |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody against human colorectal and pancreatic carcinoma-associated antigens (CPAAs) with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities. Anti-CPAA monoclonal antibody NPC-1C binds to CPAAs, which may activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CPAA-expressing tumor cells. CPAAs, cell surface proteins, are upregulated on colon and pancreatic tumor cells. NPC-1C… |
Enteric-Coated TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 Hydrochloride |
An enteric-coated orally bioavailable formulation of the hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8) with potential antineoplastic activity. The active ingredient in enteric-coated TRPM8 agonist D-3263 hydrochloride binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in calcium and sodium entry; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. T… |
Enterococcus gallinarum Strain MRx0518 |
A live strain of the flagellin-producing Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus (E.) gallinarum that is isolated from a healthy human gut, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MRx0518 modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets both intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and various immune cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and is able to induce the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleuki… |
Entinostat |
A synthetic benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Entinostat binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase, an enzyme that regulates chromatin structure and gene transcription. This agent appears to exert dose-dependent effects in human leukemia cells including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21/CIP1/WAF1)-dependent growth arrest and differentiation at low drug concentrations; a marked induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS); mitochondrial damage; caspase activati… |
Entolimod |
A polypeptide derived from the Salmonella filament protein flagellin with potential radioprotective and anticancer activities. As a toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) agonist, entolimod binds to and activates TLR5 thereby stimulating tumor necrosis factor production and activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). This induces NF-kB-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits the induction of apoptosis. This may prevent apoptosis in normal, healthy cells during radiotherapy of cancerous cells and may all… |
Entospletinib |
An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of entospletinib, this agent may inhibit the activity of Syk, which inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues and is often overexpressed in hematopoeitic malignancies. |
Entrectinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases tropomyosin receptor kinases (Trk) A, B and C, C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, entrectinib binds to and inhibits TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, ROS1 and ALK. Inhibition of these kinases may result in a disruption of TrkA-, TrkB-, TrkC-, ROS1-, and ALK-mediated signaling. This leads to an induction of apoptosis and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in t… |
Envafolimab |
An injectable formulation of a monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, envafolimab binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1), which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed by man… |
Enzalutamide |
An orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Through a mechanism that is reported to be different from other approved AR antagonists, enzalutamide inhibits the activity of prostate cancer cell ARs, which may result in a reduction in prostate cancer cell proliferation and, correspondingly, a reduction in the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. AR over-expression in prostate cancer represents … |
Enzastaurin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of enzastaurin, a synthetic macrocyclic bisindolemaleimide with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the ATP-binding site, enzastaurin selectively inhibits protein kinase C beta, an enzyme involved in the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated neo-angiogenesis. This agent may decrease tumor blood supply and so tumor burden. |
Enzomenib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of menin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, enzomenib targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic… |
EP2/EP4 Antagonist TPST-1495 |
An orally bioavailable, dual antagonist of the human prostaglandin E2 receptor subtypes 2 (EP2) and 4 (EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the EP2/EP4 antagonist TPST-1495 selectively targets and binds to EP2 and EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP2 and EP4. This prevents the activation of EP2 and EP4, and inhibits PGE2-EP2/EP4-mediated signaling. This inhibits PGE2-driven immune suppress… |
EP4 Antagonist DT-9081 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype (PTGER4; EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, EP4 antagonist DT-9081 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling. This inhibits PGE2-driven immune suppression by preventing the PGE2-mediated inh… |
EP4 Antagonist INV-1120 |
A small molecule and antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EP4 antagonist INV-1120 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-act… |
EP4 Antagonist ONO-4578 |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential analgesic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EP4 antagonist ONO-4578 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathwa… |
EP4 Receptor Antagonist YY001 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype (PTGER4; EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, EP4 receptor antagonist YY001 selectively targets and binds to EP4, inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4. This prevents the activation of EP4 and inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling. This inhibits PGE2-driven immune suppression by preventing the PGE2-media… |
Epacadostat |
An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Epacadostat targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, INCB024360 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), NK cells, and T-lymphocytes, as well as interferon… |
Epacmarstobart |
An antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, epacmarstobart targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of… |
EpCAM-specific CAR-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the antigen epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the EpCAM-specific CAR-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes specifically recognize and bind to EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. EpCAM, a cell surface protein, is expressed by a variety of tumor … |
Epcoritamab |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Epcoritamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, epcoritamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting c… |
EphA2-targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate BT5528 |
A bicyclic peptide targeting Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2) and conjugated, through an inert sarcosine spacer chain and a valine-citrulline cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the EphA2-targeting bicycle toxin conjugate BT5528, this agent targets and binds to EphA2-expressing tumor cells. After internalization and enzyma… |
EphA2-targeting DOPC-encapsulated siRNA |
A liposomal formulation consisting of short-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) and encapsulated into 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) neutral liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon internalization, EphA2-targeting DOPC-encapsulated siRNA can hybridize to EphA2 DNA and mRNA, thereby interfering with both the transcription and translation of EphA2, and thus inhibiting tumor cell growth. The cell-surface receptor EphA2… |
Epipodophyllotoxin Analog GL331 |
An epipodophyllotoxin analogue possessing antineoplastic properties. GL331 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. (NCI) |
Epipropidine |
An epoxide and alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Epipropidone is not used clinically due to its unstable nature. |
Epirubicin |
A 4’-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. |
Epirubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the 4’-epi-isomer of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Epirubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also produces toxic free-radical intermediates and interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. |
Epitinib Succinate |
The succinate salt form of epitinib, an orally available epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, epitinib inhibits the activity of EGFR, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may lead to induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is overexpressed in certain tumor types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation a… |
Epitiostanol |
An androgenic anabolic steroid having potent anti-estrogenic effect, which inhibits the progression of estrogen-stimulated cancers such as breast cancer. (NCI) |
Epothilone KOS-1584 |
A second-generation epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Epothilone KOS-1584 binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and efficacy with an enhanced pharmaceutical profile, including enhanced water solubility and tumor penetration, and redu… |
Epratuzumab |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD22, a cell surface glycoprotein present on mature B-cells and on many types of malignant B-cells. After binding to CD22, epratuzumab’s predominant antitumor activity appears to be mediated through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). |
Epratuzumab-cys-tesirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a cysteine-engineered version of epratuzumab (hLL2), a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody derived from the murine immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a monoclonal antibody LL2 (EPB-2), site-specifically conjugated to the cross-linking cytotoxic agent tesirine (SG3249), a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of epratuzumab-cys-tesirine, the epratuzumab moiety targe… |
Eprenetapopt |
A methylated derivative and structural analog of PRIMA-1 (p53 re-activation and induction of massive apoptosis), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, eprenetapopt covalently modifies the core domain of mutated forms of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) through the alkylation of thiol groups. These modifications restore both the wild-type conformation and function to mutant p53, which reconstitutes endogenous p53 activity, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tu… |
EPS8 Peptide-specific Dendritic Cells |
A preparation of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with peptides derived from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway substrate 8 (EPS8), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the EPS8 peptide-specific DCs, the immune system is exposed to the EPS8 antigens. This results in the induction of a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against EPS8-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. EPS8, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is over… |
Epstein-Barr Virus gp350-ferritin Nanoparticle Vaccine with Saponin-based Adjuvant |
A ferritin-based, nanoparticle vaccine consisting of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) envelop glycoprotein gp350 and a saponin-based adjuvant, with potential immunizing activity against EBV. Upon intramuscular administration of EBV gp350-ferritin nanoparticle vaccine with saponin-based adjuvant, the EBV gp350 may activate both humoral and cellular immune responses which may result in protection against EBV infection. EBV, a ubiquitous human herpes virus, is associated with infectious mononucleosi… |
Equecabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a fully human single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, equecabtagene autoleucel specifically recognize and induce selective… |
ER Alpha-targeting Chimeric Protein Degrader AC682 |
An orally bioavailable, selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-targeted chimeric protein degrader, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ER alpha-targeting chimeric protein degrader AC682 targets ER alpha wild-type and mutants and induces the degradation of ER alpha proteins. This decreases ER alpha protein levels, decreases the expression of ER alpha-target genes and halts ER-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in ER alpha-overexpres… |
ERa36 Modulator Icaritin |
A metabolite of icariin, a principal flavonoid glycoside in Herba Epimedii (a traditional Chinese medicine herb used in treating osteoporosis) with potential antineoplastic activity. ERa36 modulator icaritin selectively binds to a novel variant of estrogen receptor alpha, a36, and mediates a membrane-initiated “nongenomic” signaling pathway, which is linked to activate signaling pathways like the MAPK/ERK and the PI3K/Akt pathways. This agent induces cell cycle arrest at G1, or G2/M arrest … |
Eragidomide |
A modulator of cereblon (CRBN), which is part of the cullin 4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase; CUL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, eragidomide specifically binds to CRBN, thereby affecting the activity of the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. This leads to the ubiquitination of certain substrate proteins and induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, inc… |
Eramkafusp Alfa |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20 and fused to the recombinant cytokine, interferon-alpha (IFN-a), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of eramkafusp alfa, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CD20. In turn, the IFN-a moiety binds to the IFN receptor, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction, which induces the transcription and translation of genes whose prot… |
Erastin Analogue PRLX 93936 |
A structural analogue of erastin with potential antineoplastic activity. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 appears to inhibit mitochondrial outer membrane protein VDACs (voltage-dependent anion channels) 2 and 3, resulting in an oxidative, non-apoptotic cell death. Erastin analogue PRLX 93936 exhibits greater lethality in cell lines harboring mutations in the GTPase protein oncogenes HRAS and KRAS or the serine-threonine protein kinase oncogene BRAF than in non-tumorigenic cell lines. VDACs 2 and 3… |
Erbulozole |
A water soluble congener of tubulozole and a tubulin binding agent with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Erbulozole targets and binds to tubulin, thereby preventing the polymerization of tubulin. This may lead to an inhibition of cell division and induction of apoptosis. |
Erdafitinib |
An orally bioavailable, pan fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, erdafitinib binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways and thus the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, upregulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differenti… |
Erdafitinib-releasing Intravesical System TAR-210 |
A controlled-release intravesical system consisting of a pretzel-shaped tube releasing erdafitinib, a pan fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon placement of the erdafitinib-releasing intravesical system TAR-210 into the bladder, erdafitinib is gradually and continuously released from the system over an extended period of time before being removed from the bladder. Upon release, erdafitinib targets, binds to and inhibits FGFR, which ma… |
Erfonrilimab |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, erfonrilimab targets and binds to both PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells and CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells. This prevents the binding of PD-L1 to its receptor, programmed cell… |
Eribulin |
An analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression. |
Eribulin Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of a synthetic analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from a marine sponge (Lissodendoryx sp.) with antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, and, potentially, tumor regression. |
ERK Inhibitor |
Any agent that targets and inhibits the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). |
ERK Inhibitor CC-90003 |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CC-90003 inhibits ERK activity, and prevents the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, … |
ERK Inhibitor MK-8353 |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MK-8353 inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways; thereby, preventing ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and s… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor D3S-002 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor D3S-002 specifically binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of … |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor ERAS-007 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERAS-007 specifically binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent pr… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor GH55 |
An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor GH55 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results i… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor HH2710 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor HH2710 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibiti… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor IPN01194 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor IPN01194 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhi… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor JSI-1187 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor JSI-1187 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibi… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor KO-947 |
An inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, KO-947 specifically binds to and inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play… |
ERK1/2 Inhibitor UCT-01-097 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ERK1/2 inhibitor UCT-01-097 specifically binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine-protein kinase activities of both ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition … |
Erlotinib |
A quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation. |
Erlotinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a quinazoline derivative with antineoplastic properties. Competing with adenosine triphosphate, erlotinib reversibly binds to the intracellular catalytic domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase, thereby reversibly inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation and blocking the signal transduction events and tumorigenic effects associated with EGFR activation. |
Ertumaxomab |
A murine monoclonal antibody with two antigen-recognition sites: one for CD3, an antigen expressed on mature T cells, and one for HER-2-neu, a tumor-associated antigen that promotes tumor growth. Ertumaxomab attaches to CD3-expressing T cells and HER-2-neu-expressing tumor cells, selectively cross-linking tumor and immunologic cells which results in the recruitment of cytotoxic T cells to the T cell/tumor cell aggregate. |
Eryaspase |
A suspension of erythrocytes encapsulating L-asparaginase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of eryaspase, L-asparagine is hydrolyzed to L-aspartic acid and ammonia in plasma, thereby depleting tumor cells of asparagine. Due to low asparagine synthetase activity in tumor cells, de novo synthesis of asparagine is suppressed within tumor cells. Shortage of asparagine prevents synthesis of important proteins necessary for tumor cell growth. Encapsulation of asparaginase … |
Erzotabart |
A hexamerization-enhanced human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that targets the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 and carries the E430G mutation, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, erzotabart targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells, thereby forming antibody hexamers through increased intermolecular Fc-Fc interactions upon antigen binding. This may trigger direct cell killing, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (… |
Esorubicin |
A synthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class. |
Esorubicin Hydrochloride |
A hydrochloride salt of esorubicin, a derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Esorubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. This agent exhibits less cardiotoxicity than the parent antibiotic doxorubicin, but may cause more severe myelosupression compared to other compounds within the anthracycline class. |
Esperamicin A1 |
An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an anthranilate moiety. Esperamicin A1 is isolated from the bacterium Actinomadura verrucosospora. The anthranilate component of esperamicin A1 intercalates DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
ESR1 Peptides/GM-CSF/Montanide ISA Vaccine |
A vaccine comprised of estrogen receptor alpha (ERa; estrogen receptor 1; ESR1) mutant peptides, combined with the immunoadjuvants granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and montanide ISA, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the ESR1 mutant peptides in the ESR1 peptides/GM-CSF/montanide ISA vaccine may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against tumor cells expressing these ESR1 mutations. Cons… |
Essiac |
An herbal formula containing burdock root (Arctium lappa), Turkey rhubarb root (Rheum palmatum), sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella), and slippery elm bark (Ulmus fulva) with potential immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. The extract’s chemical profile, their respective concentrations and the mechanism of action of Essiac are largely unknown due to the proprietary nature of the formula and product inconsistency. Several chemical classes in Essiac are consistently repres… |
Estradiol Valerate |
The parenterally-administered synthetic valerate ester of estradiol, a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. As the primary, most potent estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, estradiol binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors. This agent exhibits mild anabolic and metabolic properties, and increases blood coagulability. (NCI04) |
Estramustine |
A synthetic molecule combining estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects. (NCI04) |
Estramustine Phosphate Sodium |
The orally available disodium salt, monohydrate, of estramustine phosphate, a synthetic molecule that combines estradiol and nornitrogen mustard through a carbamate link. Estramustine and its major metabolite estramustine bind to microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule dynamics and leading to anaphase arrest in a dose-dependent fashion. This agent also exhibits anti-androgenic effects. |
Estrogen Receptor Agonist GTx-758 |
An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of GTx-758, this agent suppresses the secretion of the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland through feedback inhibition. In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the synthesis of androgens, including testosterone, by the testes. This may result in suppressed total serum testosterone… |
Estrogen Receptor Degrader AC699 |
An orally bioavailable estrogen receptor (ER)-targeted chimeric protein degrader composed of ligands of ER and cereblon (CRBN) E3 ubiquitin ligase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of ER degrader AC699, the ER-targeting moiety targets and binds to ER, and the CRBN-binding moiety recruits CRBN, a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. This catalyzes ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of ER, prevents ER-mediated signaling, and inh… |
Etakafusp Alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody targeting the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 beta chain (CD8b) linked to an affinity-attenuated interleukin-2 (IL-2) mutein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of etakafusp alfa, the antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to CD8+ T-cells, thereby allowing for the IL-2 mutein moiety to specifically bind to IL-2R and activate IL-2R-mediated signaling … |
Etalocib |
A second-generation selective leukotriene B4 receptor (LTB4R) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact underlying mechanism through which LY293111 exerts its effects has not been fully elucidated, this agent selectively binds to and blocks LTB4Rs, thereby inhibiting the downstream signalling pathway. LY29311 has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibits cellular proliferation in LTB4R expressing cells, such as pancreatic cancer cells. |
Etanercept |
A recombinant soluble dimeric fusion protein consisting of the extracellular ligand-binding region of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor (rhTNF) receptor attached to the constant (Fc) region of human immunoglobulin G (FcIgG). The receptor moiety of etanercept binds to circulating TNF (2 molecules of TNF per receptor) and inhibits its attachment to endogenous TNF cell surface receptors, thereby rendering TNF inactive and inhibiting TNF-mediated mechanisms of inflammation. (NCI04) |
Etanidazole |
A 2-nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing properties. Etanidazole depletes glutathione and inhibits glutathione transferase, thereby enhancing the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation. This agent may also be useful as an imaging agent for identifying hypoxic, drug-resistant regions of primary tumors or metastases. (NCI04) |
Etaracizumab |
A humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody directed against the vitronectin receptor alpha v beta 3 integrin. Etaracizumab blocks the binding of ligands, such as vitronectin, to alpha v beta 3 integrin, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. Alpha v beta 3 integrin is a cell adhesion and signaling receptor that is expressed on the surface of tumor vessel endothelial cells, some tumor cells, and a number of other cell types. |
Etarotene |
An ethylsulfonyl derivative of arotinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, etarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. |
Etentamig |
A T-cell engaging, human, bispecific, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (T-BsAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, etentamig binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates … |
Etevritamab |
A proprietary recombinant bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one that is directed against a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) deletion-mutant form, EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII), and one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of etevritamab, the bispecific antibody binds to both the … |
Ethaselen |
An orally bioavailable organoselenium inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ethaselen specifically binds to the selenocysteine-cysteine redox pair in the C-terminal active site of TrxR1 and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in TrxR1 overexpressing tumor cells. TrxR1, upregulated in many cancer cell types, plays a key role in various redox-dependent cellular pathw… |
Ethinyl Estradiol |
A semisynthetic estrogen. Ethinyl estradiol binds to the estrogen receptor complex and enters the nucleus, activating DNA transcription of genes involved in estrogenic cellular responses. This agent also inhibits 5-alpha reductase in epididymal tissue, which lowers testosterone levels and may delay progression of prostatic cancer. In addition to its antineoplastic effects, ethinyl estradiol protects against osteoporosis. In animal models, short-term therapy with this agent has been shown to p… |
Ethylchlorformate |
A substance used to treat tumor cells for synthesis of a tumor-specific immunotherapeutic agent, ethyl chloroformate polymerized tumor protein, for use in Immunotherapy. |
Ethylchlorformate Vaccine |
A tumor vaccine comprised of ethylchlorformate polymerized tumor protein, obtained by treating tumor cells with ethylchloroformate to produce a tumor-specific immunotherapeutic agent. (NCI) |
Ethyleneimine |
A monofunctional alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Reacting with DNA mainly at guanine and adenine residues, ethylenimine alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA breaks, and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04) |
Ethylnitrosourea |
A nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Used experimentally as a mutagen and carcinogen, ethylnitrosourea alkylates DNA and proteins, thereby damaging DNA and inducing point mutations. (NCI04) |
Etidronate-Cytarabine Conjugate MBC-11 |
A synthetic conjugate composed of the bisphosphonate etidronate linked to the cytostatic agent and antimetabolite cytarabine, with potential antineoplastic and antiresorptive activities. Upon intravenous administration of the etidronate-cytarabine conjugate MBC-11, the etidronate moiety targets bone and the two moieties are released upon hydrolysis. Etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissues and prevents its resorption. This prevents bone destruction and induces bone cell min… |
Etigilimab |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the human co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, etigilimab binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, including T-cells, and prevents the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PVRL2) and CD155 (po… |
Etirinotecan Pegol |
An extended-release (ER) formulation composed of irinotecan, which is a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin and a topoisomerase I-inhibitor prodrug, that is conjugated, via a proprietary biodegradable ester-based linker, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of etirinotecan pegol (EP), the agent penetrates into the leaky tumor vasculature and accumulates in the tumor. The linker slowly hydrolyzes and releases irinotecan, which leads to sustained … |
Etoglucid |
An epoxide compound with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Etoglucid is able to crosslink DNA via its epoxide group, resulting in disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest. |
Etoposide |
A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, a substance extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum. Possessing potent antineoplastic properties, etoposide binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II and its function in ligating cleaved DNA molecules, resulting in the accumulation of single- or double-strand DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and apoptotic cell death. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
Etoposide Phosphate |
A phosphate salt of a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin. Etoposide binds to the enzyme topoisomerase II, inducing double-strand DNA breaks, inhibiting DNA repair, and resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Cells in the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle are most sensitive to this agent. (NCI04) |
Etoposide Toniribate |
A prodrug of etoposide, a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin extracted from the mandrake root Podophyllum peltatum, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of etoposide toniribate, etoposide is released after enzymatic cleavage of CAP7.1 by specific carboxylesterases (CE) 1 and 2, which are upregulated in certain tumor cell types. Etoposide acts primarily in the G2 and S phases of the cell cycle. This drug binds to and inhibits topoisomerase II, an enz… |
Etoprine |
A lipophilic, diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Etoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism. This may eventually result in a reduction of cellular growth and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, this agent inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble etoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. |
Etoricoxib |
A synthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with antipyretic, analgesic, and potential antineoplastic properties. Etoricoxib specifically binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. Inhibition of COX-2 may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. |
Etrumadenant |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of both the immunomodulatory checkpoint molecules adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A) and A2B receptor (A2BR; ADORA2B), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, etrumadenant competes with tumor-released adenosine for binding to A2AR and A2BR expressed on numerous intra-tumoral immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes. The binding of AB928 to A2AR and A2B… |
Ets-family Transcription Factor Inhibitor TK216 |
A proprietary biologic that inhibits the transcriptional-promoting activity of E26 transformation-specific (Ets, E-twenty-six) family transcription factors, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, Ets-family transcription factor inhibitor TK216 inhibits transcriptional activation mediated by Ets family proteins, including the oncogenic Ewing sarcoma breakpo… |
Eurestobart |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, eurestobart specifically targets and binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase i… |
Evalstotug |
A conditionally active biologic (CAB) and monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration and specific activation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) due to the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the TME, evalstotug targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells within the TME and inhibits the CT… |
Everolimus |
A derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus with immunosuppressant and anti-angiogenic properties. In cells, everolimus binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate an immunosuppressive complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. Inhibition of mTOR activation results in the inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and proliferation associated with antigen and cytokine (IL-2, IL-4, a… |
Everolimus Tablets for Oral Suspension |
Tablets for oral suspension containing everolimus, a derivative of the natural macrocyclic lactone sirolimus, with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. After suspension of the everolimus tablets in water and oral administration, this agent inhibits the activation of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) by binding to mTOR’s cytosolic receptor immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12). Inhibition of the mTOR complex may result in the inhibition of the … |
Evexomostat |
A synthetic copolymer-drug conjugate of a fumagillin-derived methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor conjugated to the bio-compatible polymer poly(N-(hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (HPMA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SDX-7320, the active moiety SDX7539 is released inside the tumor cells. SDX7539 binds to and inhibits MetAP2, which prevents MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohyd… |
Evofosfamide |
A hypoxia-activated prodrug of the cytotoxin bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM) conjugated with 2-nitroimidazole, with potential antineoplastic activity. When exposed to hypoxic conditions, such as those found in hypoxic tumors, the 2-nitroimidazole moiety of evofosfamide is reduced. This releases the DNA-alkylating Br-IPM moiety, which introduces intra- and inter-strand DNA crosslinks in nearby cells; the crosslinks inhibit both DNA replication and cell division, and may lead to apoptos… |
Evorpacept |
A variant of signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) that antagonizes the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, evorpacept binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and prevents the interaction of CD47 with its ligand SIRPa, a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phag… |
Evunzekibart |
A humanized agonistic immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, evunzekibart targets and binds to CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and CD137 is activated upon crosslinking to Fc-gamma receptors (FcgRs) on macropha… |
Ex Vivo-activated Autologous Lymph Node Lymphocytes |
Autologous human lymph node T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon collection of immune cells from the tumor-draining lymph node, the human lymph node lymphocytes are activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 microbeads, cultured with recombinant, human interleukin-2 (IL-2), expanded and isolated ex vivo. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the ex vivo-activated autologous lymph node lymphocytes recognize and lyse the tumor cells. |
Ex Vivo-expanded Allogeneic Gamma 9 Delta 2 T-cells |
A preparation of a subset of ex vivo-expanded, allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express gamma 9 delta 2 T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the ex vivo-expanded allogeneic gamma 9 delta 2 T-cells, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lympho… |
Ex Vivo-expanded Autologous T Cells IMA101 |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, specifically recognizing certain tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential antineoplastic activity. The endogenous T-cells are isolated, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced back into the patient. Upon administration, the ex vivo-expanded autologous T-cells IMA101 target and kill tumor cells. The T-cells are analyzed beforehand for their ability to specifically recognize certain TAAs, based on a proprietary antigen warehouse. |
Ex Vivo-Expanded HER2-Specific T Cells |
T cells specific for the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunopotentiating activity. T cells directed against HER2, overexpressed on many tumor cells, are collected from HER2-expressing tumor tissue, expanded ex vivo and, then re-introduced in the patient. Re-introduction of ex vivo-expanded HER2-specific T cells may enhance the cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells overexpressing HER2, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. |
Exarafenib |
An orally available inhibitor of class I, II, and III B-Raf (BRAF) protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, exarafenib binds to and inhibits Class I, Class II, or Class III B-Raf mutations. This prevents B-Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to an inhibition of tumor growth in B-Raf mutant cells. B-Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is often deregulated and mutated in human cancers, and pla… |
Exatecan Mesylate |
A semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting religation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. This agent does not require enzymatic activation and exhibits greater potency than camptothecin and other camptothecin analogues. (NCI04) |
Exatecan Mesylate Anhydrous |
The anhydrous, mesylate salt form of exatecan, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, exatecan mesylate inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA and inhibiting re-ligation of DNA breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and triggering apoptotic cell death. |
Exemestane |
An irreversible steroidal aromatase inhibitor, with antiestrogen and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, exemestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the peripheral aromatization of androgens, including androstenedione and testosterone, to estrogens. This lowers estrogen levels in the blood circulation. |
Exicorilant |
An orally available, selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, exicorilant competitively and selectively binds to GRs, inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment r… |
Exisulind |
An inactive metabolite of the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory agent sulindac. After oral administration, sulindac undergoes extensive biotransformation including irreversible oxidation to sulindac sulfone. Approximately, one half of an administered dose of sulindac is eliminated through the urine, mostly as the conjugated sulfone metabolite. (NCI04) |
Exlinkibart |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, exlinkibart targets and binds to CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on avariety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) prolif… |
Expanded/Activated Gamma Delta T-cells |
A preparation of gamma delta T-lymphocytes derived from donor T-cells that have been expanded and activated ex-vivo and further depleted of alpha and beta T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, these expanded/activated gamma delta (EAGD) T-cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response agains… |
Extended Release Flucytosine |
An extended release (ER) oral tablet that contains flucytosine (5-FC), a fluorinated cytosine analog, with antifungal activity and potential anti-cancer activity. Following oral administration of ER 5-FC, the 5-FC is deaminated to its active metabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU replaces uracil during RNA synthesis, which consequently inhibits downstream protein synthesis. In addition, 5-FU is metabolized further to 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid monophosphate, which inhibits thymidylate synthet… |
Extended Release Metformin Hydrochloride |
An extended-release (ER) tablet composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the biguanide metformin, with antihyperglycemic and potential prostate-cancer protective and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, metformin targets and inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and increases the cellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ratio leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). This … |
Extended-Release MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1501 |
An extended-release (ER) formulation of APL-1501, an orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase II type (MetAP2), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ER MetAP2 inhibitor APL-1501 is released from the formulation over an extended period of time and targets, binds to and reversibly inhibits MetAP2, thereby preventing MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may suppress endothelial cell growth and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, r… |
Extended-release Onapristone |
An extended-release (ER) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival. |
Ezabenlimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ezabenlimab selectively binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death ligand 2 (PD… |
EZH1/2 Inhibitor HH2853 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, EZH1/2 inhibitor HH2853 inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, enhances tr… |
EZH2 Inhibitor |
Any agent that inhibits the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2. |
Ezobresib |
An inhibitor of the Bromodomain (BRD) and Extra-Terminal domain (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ezobresib binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site in the BRD of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, resulting in an inhibition of tumor cell growth. BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRDT)… |
Ezurpimtrostat |
An orally bioavailable, quinolone-derived, small molecule inhibitor of palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ezurpimtrostat targets and inhibits the activity of PPT1 and induces lysosomal disruption, which results in the inhibition of autophagy and the induction of apoptosis via caspase activation. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and tumor growth. PPT1, a lysosomal thioesterase that plays an important role in lysos… |
F16-IL2 Fusion Protein |
An immunocytokine of the human monoclonal antibody fragment F16 (scFv) against the extra-domain A1 of tenascin-C fused, via a short 5-amino acid linker, to a recombinant form of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody portion of the F16-IL2 fusion protein binds to tumor cells expressing the tumor associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of the fusion protein stimulates natural killer (… |
FACT Complex-targeting Curaxin CBL0137 |
An orally available curaxin-based agent targeting the Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, CBL0137 binds to FACT and sequesters the FACT complex on chromatin, which inhibits its activity. This prevents transcription of certain genes involved in cancer-associated signaling pathways; it specifically inhibits the transcription of both NF-kappa B and heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) and simultaneously activates p5… |
Factor VIIa Inhibitor PCI-27483 |
A reversible small-molecule inhibitor of activated factor VII (factor VIIa) with potential antineoplastic and antithrombotic activities. FVII, a serine protease, becomes activated (FVIIa) upon binding with TF forming the FVIIa/TF complex, which induces intracellular signaling pathways by activating protease activated receptor 2 (PAR-2). Upon subcutaneous administration, factor VIIa inhibitor PCI-27483 selectively inhibits factor FVIIa in the VIIa/TF complex, which may prevent PAR-2 activatio… |
Factor VII-targeting Immunoconjugate Protein ICON-1 |
A human immunoconjugate (ICON) fusion protein composed of a modified version of human factor VII (FVII) which targets tissue factor (TF) that is fused to the Fc domain of the human immunoglobulin G1, with potential anti-thrombotic and antineoplastic activities. Acting in a similar manner as plasma FVII, the natural ligand of TF, ICON-1 targets and binds to TF expressed on neovascular endothelia, thereby preventing TF-mediated signaling pathways, and leading to the initiation of an immune resp… |
Fadraciclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 2, 5 and 9 (CDK2/5/9), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon oral administration, fadraciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2, 5 and 9, which leads to inhibition of CDK2, 5 and 9-dependent cellular pathways, downregulation of genes involved in the pro-survival pathway, prevention of the activation of DNA double-strand break repair pathways, and induction of both cell cycle arrest a… |
Fadrozole Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor fadrozole with potential antineoplastic activity. Fadrozole specifically inhibits aromatase, blocking the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone into estrone and estradiol, respectively, the final step in estrogen biosynthesis; the reduction in estrogen levels may inhibit growth in estrogen-dependent cancers. Aromatase, a member of the cytochrome P-450 superfamily, is found in many tissues; overexpression has been linke… |
FAK Inhibitor GSK2256098 |
A focal adhesion kinase-1 (FAK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FAK inhibitor GSK2256098 inhibits FAK, which may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, thereby inhibiting tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival, and tumor angiogenesis. The tyrosine kinase FAK is normally activated by binding to integrins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) but may be upregu… |
FAK Inhibitor PF-00562271 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule and ATP-competitive focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. FAK inhibitor PF-00562271 inhibits the tyrosine kinase FAK, and to a lesser extent, proline-rich tyrosine kinase (PYK2), which may inhibit tumor cell migration, proliferation, and survival. As FAK is a signal transducer for integrins, inhibition of FAK by this agent may prevent integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signals in… |
FAK Inhibitor VS-4718 |
An orally bioavailable focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, VS-4718 inhibits FAK, blocks fibronectin-stimulated FAK autophosphorylation of Tyr397, and may prevent the integrin-mediated activation of several downstream signal transduction pathways, including ERK, JNK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt. This results in the reduction of the number of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and inhibits tumor cell migration, proliferation and survival. The cytoplasmi… |
FAK/ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor APG-2449 |
An orally available kinase inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and the receptor tyrosine kinase C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK/FAK/ROS1 inhibitor APG-2449 selectively binds to and inhibits ALK, FAK and ROS1 kinases. The inhibition leads to disruption of ALK-, FAK- and ROS1-mediated signal transduction pathways and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-, FAK- an… |
Falbikitug |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, falbikitug binds to LIF and inhibits LIF signaling by blocking the recruitment of glycoprotein 130 (gp130) to the LIF-LIF receptor (LIFR)-gp130 signaling complex. This inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling and inhibits tumor cell growth. In addition, the inhibit… |
Falimarev |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1, a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular epithelial tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3). This agent may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen-presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T-cell response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. |
Falnidamol |
A pyrimido-pyrimidine with antitumor activity. BIBX 1382 inhibits the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) thus specifically reversing the aberrant enzymatic activity from overexpressed and constitutively activated EGFR, and subsequently inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell differentiation. |
Famitinib |
An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Famitinib binds to and inhibits several RTKs, dysregulated in a variety of tumors, including stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinases Flt1 and Flt3. Inhibition of these RTKs may result in an inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eventually tum… |
Fanregratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fanregratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular prol… |
FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 |
A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and the T-cell co-stimulatory immune receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the FAP/4-1BB-targeting DARPin MP0310 targets and binds to both FAP, localized on tumor stromal cells, and 4-1BB, expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets … |
FAP/4-1BB-targeting Fusion Protein RO7122290 |
A bispecific antibody-like fusion protein consisting of a trimeric ligand for the T-cell co-stimulatory immune receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and an antigen-binding fragment (Fab) moiety targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the FAP/4-1BB-targeting fusion protein RO7122290 targets and binds to both FAP, localized on tum… |
FAP/CD40-targeting Agent SHR-7367 |
An agent targeting both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, FAP/CD40-targeting agent SHR-7367 targets and binds to both FAP, localized predominantly on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma, and CD40, a cell surface stimulatory receptor expressed on various immune cells including B-lymphocytes, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). The simultaneou… |
FAP/CD40-targeting DARPin MP0317 |
A tri-specific, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tumor-associated protein fibroblast activation protein (FAP), CD40 receptor and human serum albumin (HSA), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, FAP/CD40-targeting DARPin MP0317 targets and binds to both FAP, localized predominantly on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor stroma, and CD40, a cell surface stimulatory receptor expressed on various immun… |
FAPa-targeted CD40 Agonist RO7300490 |
A CD40 agonist that targets the inducible tumor stromal antigen fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP-alpha; FAPa), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, FAPa-targeted CD40 agonist RO7300490 targets and binds to cell surface glycoprotein FAP which is broadly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of a variety of tumors. RO7300490 also binds to and activates CD40, a cell surface stimulatory recepto… |
FAP-specific CD8-positive T Cells |
A preparation of CD8-positive T cells specific for human fibroblast activating protein (FAP) with potential immunopotentiating activity. T cells have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor specific for FAP. Upon infusion, the FAP-specific CD8-positive T cells bind to FAP-expressing tumor cells and exhibit a selective toxicity to tumor cells. This may result in both tumor cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell growth. FAP, a cell surface glycoprotein, is overexpresse… |
Farletuzumab |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody with potential antitumor activity. Farletuzumab specifically targets at glycoprotein 3 (GP-3), a cell surface antigen that is overexpressed on many epithelial-derived cancer cells. Upon binding to the GP-3 antigen, farletuzumab triggers a host immune response against GP-3 expressing cells resulting in cell lysis. |
Farletuzumab Ecteribulin |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of farletuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the folate receptor alpha (FRA; FolRa; FOLR1), and conjugated, via a cathepsin B-cleavable linker, to the microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) eribulin, a derivative of the macrocyclic polyether natural product halichondrin B, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of farletuzumab ecteribulin, the farletuzumab moiety targets and binds to FRA ex… |
Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor KO-2806 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of farnesyl transferase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, farnesyl transferase inhibitor (FTI) KO-2806 targets, binds to and inhibits the enzyme farnesyl transferase. By inhibiting the farnesylation of proteins, this agent prevents the activation of Ras oncogenes, inhibits Ras-dependent signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which Ras is overexpressed and/or mutated. Ras plays an important role in cell signa… |
Farnesyltransferase/Geranylgeranyltransferase Inhibitor L-778,123 |
A benzonitrile derivative capable of inhibiting some prenyltransferases. L-778,123 is a dual inhibitor of farnesyl:protein and geranylgeranyl:protein transferases; both enzymes catalyze prenylation of oncoprotein KRAS, a prerequisite step in activation of KRAS in signal transduction pathway of apoptosis. Although this agent was developed in part as an anti-KRAS agent, L-778,123 failed in a Phase I trial to inhibit KRAS, which is associated with many types of solid tumors. |
Fas Receptor Agonist APO010 |
A recombinant, soluble, hexameric fusion protein consisting of three human Fas ligand (FasL) extracellular domains fused to the dimer-forming collagen domain of human adiponectin with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Assembled into a soluble hexameric structure mimicking the ligand clustering of endogenous active FasL, Fas receptor agonist APO010 activates the Fas receptor, resulting in caspase-dependent apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. FasL is a transmem… |
Fascin Inhibitor NP-G2-044 |
An orally available inhibitor of the protein fascin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NP-G2-044 targets and binds to fascin, thereby preventing the interaction of fascin with actin filaments, thereby preventing actin bundling and filopodia formation. By preventing actin cytoskeletal reorganization, the dynamic changes in cell shape that are necessary for tumor cell migration and invasion to occur are impaired, and tumor cell migration and metastasis are inhibi… |
Favezelimab |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, favezelimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cyt… |
Favezelimab/Pembrolizumab Formulation |
A coformulation containing favezelimab, a humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG3), and pembrolizumab, a humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody directed against human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1 or programmed cell death-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the favezelimab/pembrolizumab formulation, favezelimab… |
Fazarabine |
An orally-active pyrimidine analogue of an aza-substituted cytidine in which the ribose moiety is replaced by an arabinose sugar. Similar in action to cytarabine, fazarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; its incorporation into DNA inhibits DNA synthesis, resulting in tumor cell death and tumor necrosis. The presence of deoxycytidine kinase in a tumor is a determinant of tumor sensitivity to this drug…. |
Fc Fusion IL-7 Mimetic MDK-703 |
A fusion protein composed of MDK-1472, a structurally unrelated engineered mimetic peptide of endogenous human cytokine interleukin-7 (hIL-7), fused to an immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) Fc-domain, with hematopoietic and immunopotentiating activities. Upon administration, Fc fusion IL-7 mimetic MDK-703 mimics endogenous cytokine IL-7 and binds to the IL-7 receptor (IL7R) on immune cells. The binding of IL-7 to IL7R activates IL7/IL7R-mediated signaling, which leads to the expansion of various subset… |
Fc-engineered Anti-CD40 Agonist Antibody 2141-V11 |
A Fc-engineered agonistic antibody targeting the human B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, 2141-V11 targets and binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor c… |
Fc-IL-15 Prodrug Fusion Molecule ASKG315 |
An engineered, prodrug form of the human endogenous cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), composed of a mutated form of IL-15 fused to a Fc fragment and linked to a masking moiety via a tumor protease-cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of Fc-IL-15 prodrug fusion molecule ASKG315, IL-15 is bound to the masking moiety and pharmacologically inactive. Upon proteolytic cleavage in the tumor microenvironment (TME), active IL-15 is released. IL-15 stimulates the… |
Fc-VEGFR1 Fusion Protein PB101 |
A glycosylated decoy receptor fusion protein that is composed of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR1; VEGFR-1) backbone and fused to fragments of Fc region, with potential anti-angiogenic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Fc-VEGFR1 fusion protein PB101 targets, binds to and neutralizes placental growth factor (PlGF; PGF) and VEGF-A and VEGF-B, thereby inhibiting the binding of PlGF and VEGF-A and -B to VEGFR-1 and prevents subsequent V… |
Febuxostat |
An orally available, non-purine inhibitor of xanthine oxidase with uric acid lowering activity. Upon oral administration, febuxostat selectively and noncompetitively inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that converts oxypurines, including hypoxanthine and xanthine, into uric acid. By inhibiting xanthine oxidase, uric acid production is reduced and serum uric acid levels are lowered. Febuxostat may provide protection against acute renal failure caused by the excessive release o… |
Fedratinib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. JAK2 is the mo… |
Fedratinib Hydrochloride |
The monohydrate dihydrochloride salt form of fedratinib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule, ATP-competitive inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fedratinib competes with wild-type JAK2 as well as mutated forms for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, inhibition of tumor cell proliferat… |
Feladilimab |
An agonistic antibody for the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, feladilimab targets and binds to ICOS expressed on tumor infiltrating CD4-positive T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-positive T-cell proliferation, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and increases CTL-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, CD28-superfamily costimulatory molecule and … |
Felezonexor |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, felezonexor reversibly binds to the cargo binding site of XPO1, and prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), such as p53, FOXO, p21, and p27, and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells. A… |
Felzartamab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Felzartamab specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and may eventually lead to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic malignancies, and its expression has been correlated with p… |
Fencabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered with a T cell Antigen Coupler (TAC), comprising of a domain that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and another domain that binds to the endogenous T cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fencabtagene autoleucel targets and binds to HER2-expressing tumor cells and activates TCR-mediated signaling p… |
Fenebrutinib |
An orally available inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fenebrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmi… |
Fenretinide |
An orally-active synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types. This agent also inhibits tumor growth by modulating angiogenesis-associated growth factors and their receptors and exhibits retinoid receptor-independent apoptotic properties. (NCI04) |
Fenretinide Lipid Matrix |
An orally bioavailable powder formulation of a synthetic phenylretinamide analogue of retinol with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in some tumor cell types, including those of the colon, breast, prostate, and neuroblastoma. Independent of RAR activation, this agent also modulates gene expression that leads to ceramide-induced, caspase-independent prog… |
Fenretinide Phospholipid Suspension ST-001 |
An intravenous formulation composed of a phospholipid suspension of nanoparticles containing the synthetic retinoid derivative fenretinide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, fenretinide binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell types. Fenretinide also binds to and inhibits the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in both the induction … |
Fermented Soybean Protein Beverage |
A fermented soybean-derived phytochemical beverage with potential antineoplastic activity. Fermented soybean protein beverage is reported to exhibit immunostimulatory, anti-viral, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory activities and to enhance the cytotoxic effects of natural killer (NK) cells. The fermentation process is reported to hydrolyze many soybean proteins into amino acids and nitrogen-rich compounds and to protect and enhance the activities of iso… |
Fermented Wheat Germ Extract |
An extract of fermented wheat germ containing a concentrated, standardized amount of methoxy-substituted benzoquinones with immunomodulatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) inhibits the activities of several enzymes involved in de novo nucleic acid synthesis and in supplying the dNTP pool required for DNA replication. This agent also induces caspase-3- mediated inactivation of poly(ADP)ribose polymerase (PARP), a key enzyme in DNA repair that is ov… |
Fexagratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. fexagratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR-related signal transduction pathways, and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. FGFR, up-regulated in many tumor cell types, is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cellular proliferation, differentiation and survival. |
FGF Receptor Antagonist HGS1036 |
A soluble fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domain of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. FGFR1 receptor antagonist FP-1039 prevents FGFR ligands, such as FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, from binding to their cognate receptors, thereby inhibiting the activation of the related FGFR tyrosine kinases. Inhibition of FGFR1 by this agent may retard tumor cell prolifer… |
FGFR Inhibitor ASP5878 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor ASP5878 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival. |
FGFR Inhibitor CPL304110 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor CPL304110 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival. |
FGFR Inhibitor ET0111 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor ET0111 binds to and inhibits FGFR, which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation and survival. |
FGFR/VEGFR/PDGFR/FLT3/SRC Inhibitor XL999 |
A small molecule inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), and SRC, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XL999 binds to and inhibits the activity of these TKs, thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpre… |
FGFR1/2/3 Inhibitor TYRA-200 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR1/2/3 inhibitor TYRA-200 targets, binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, and is specifically active against certain FGFR2 fusions, molecular brake and gatekeeper resistance mutations. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1… |
FGFR2 Inhibitor 3HP-2827 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR2 inhibitor 3HP-2827 targets, binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which results in the inhibition of FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells that harbor FGFR2 alterations, including amplifications, mutations and fusions. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated and mutated in m… |
FGFR3 Inhibitor LOXO-435 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR3 inhibitor LOXO-435 specifically targets and binds to FGFR3, including FGFR3 gatekeeper resistance mutations. This blocks FGFR3-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR3-overexpressing cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogenesis and in the proliferation, differ… |
FGFR3 Inhibitor TYRA-300 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR3 inhibitor TYRA-300 specifically targets and binds to certain FGFR3 activating gene alterations, and specifically the gatekeeper mutants V555L/M. This blocks FGFR3-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR3-overexpressing cells. FGFR3, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is involved in angiogene… |
FGFR4 Antagonist INCB062079 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist INCB062079 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19… |
FGFR4 Inhibitor BLU 9931 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 antagonist BLU 9931 specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19)… |
FGFR4 Inhibitor H3B-6527 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, H3B-6527 specifically binds to and blocks FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed by certain tumor cell types, is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiog… |
FGFR4 Inhibitor ICP-105 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ICP-105 specifically targets, binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of cancer cell types, is involve… |
FGFR4 Inhibitor SY-4798 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 inhibitor SY-4798 specifically targets and binds to FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). This inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to the inhibition of tumor cell proli… |
FGFR4 Inhibitor SYHX2005 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR4 inhibitor SYHX2005 specifically targets and binds to FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19). This inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to the inhibition of tumor cell prol… |
Fianlimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fianlimab binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks LAG-3 binding to tumor cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-med… |
Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha-activated Doxorubicin Prodrug AVA6000 |
A prodrug of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin composed of doxorubicin covalently bonded to the dipeptide N-(pyridine-4-carbonyl)-D-Ala-L-Pro, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP)-activated doxorubicin prodrug AVA6000 is hydrolyzed by FAP, which is overexpressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Doxorubicin is released in the TME, and intercalates into DNA and int… |
Ficerafusp Alfa |
A bifunctional monoclonal antibody targeting both the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta; TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ficerafusp alfa, the anti-EGFR moiety targets, binds to and prevents activation of EGFR-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and met… |
Ficlatuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ficlatuzumab binds to the soluble ligand HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, invasion,… |
Ficonalkib |
An orally bioavailable, third-generation inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ficonalkib binds to and inhibits ALK wild-type tyrosine kinase and numerous ALK mutations, including acquired resistance mutations. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfa… |
Ficus septica Leaf-based Supplement FADA |
A supplement composed of the active fraction of Ficus septica (Awar-Awar) leaf, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of Ficus septica leaf-based supplement FADA, the phytochemicals may kill tumor cells, although the exact mechanism of its cytotoxic action has yet to be fully elucidated. |
Fidasimtamab |
A recombinant human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fidasimtamab simultaneously targets, binds to and inhibits HER2 and PD-1 and their downstream signaling pathways, and bridges PD-1-expressing T-cells to HER2-e… |
Figitumumab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Figitumumab selectively binds to IGF1R, preventing insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF1) from binding to the receptor and subsequent receptor autophosphorylation. Inhibition of IGF1R autophosphorylation may result in a reduction in receptor expression on tumor cells that express IGF1R, a reduction in the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF, and inhibition of … |
Filanesib |
A synthetic, small molecule targeting the kinesin spindle protein (KSP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Filanesib specifically inhibits KSP (kinesin-5 or Eg5), resulting in activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in postmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, this agent does not cause the peripheral neuropathy that is… |
Filgotinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, filgotinib specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription)-dependent signaling. As JAK1 mediates signaling of many pro-inflammatory cytokines, JAK1 inhibition prevents cytokine signaling and activity in many inflammato… |
Fimaporfin A |
The A isomer of fimaporfin, a synthetic light-activated compound, with potential photosensitizing activity. Upon administration, fimaporfin A incorporates into the cell’s endosome and lysosome membranes. Subsequently, cytotoxic agents are administered and accumulate in endosomal and lysosomal compartments; upon local activation by light, fimaporfin A produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen, damaging endo/lysosomal membranes and accumulated cytotoxic agents are released … |
Fimepinostat |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) class I and pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fimepinostat inhibits the activity of both PI3K class I isoforms and HDAC, thereby preventing the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal transduction pathway that is often overactivated in many cancer cell types. This may prevent growth of PI3K and/or HDAC-expressing tumor cells. CUDC-907 shows an increa… |
Finotonlimab |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, finotonlimab targets, binds to, and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune functions through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembran… |
Firastotug |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, firastotug targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells, thereby killing cancer ce… |
Firicabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a recombinant lentiviral vector encoding a chimeric T-cell receptor (chimeric antigen receptor or CAR) consisting of an anti-CD22 single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody (moAb) 971 (m971), and the co-stimulatory domain 4-1BB (CD137) coupled to the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, firicabtagene autol… |
Firmonertinib |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, firmonertinib specifically binds to and inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation. This prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key … |
Firtecan Pegol |
A polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugate of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin with potential antineoplastic activity. After hydrolysis in vivo, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), an active metabolite of irinotecan, is released from firtecan pegol; 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. This agent is designed to del… |
Fisetin |
An orally bioavailable naturally occurring polyphenol found in many fruits and vegetables, with potential antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, senolytic, and longevity promoting activities. Upon administration, fisetin, as an antioxidant, scavenges free radicals, protect cells from oxidative stress, and is able to upregulate glutathione. It inhibits pro-inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor kap… |
Fish Oil/Glycerol/Egg Lecithin-based Emulsion |
An injectable, nutritional lipid emulsion composed of 10% fish oil and high amounts of the fish oil-derived polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, the fish oil/glycerol/egg lecithin-based emulsion contains, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, octadecatetraenoic acid, eicosaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, docosaenoic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid. This age… |
Fisogatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fisogatinib specifically binds to and blocks the binding of the ligand FGF19 to FGFR4. This prevents the activation of FGFR4, inhibits FGFR4-mediated signaling and leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, … |
Flanvotumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the melanosomal membrane protein gp75 (or Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1 (TRP1)) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-gp75 monoclonal antibody IMC-20D7S targets and binds to gp75. This may lead to the induction of cytotoxic T cell immune and antibody-mediated immune responses against melanoma cells expressing gp75. gp75, a pigmentation-associated antigen, is expressed in melanosomes of human melanocytes and melanomas. |
Flaxseed |
Seed isolated from one of several species of the plant genus Linum. Flaxseed-derived foods, lignans, and essential fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic acid, possess anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, antioxidant, and antineoplastic properties. |
Flexible Heteroarotinoid Sulfur Heteroarotinoid A2 |
An orally bioavailable, synthetic flexible heteroarotinoid (Flex-Het), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Flex-Het sulfur heteroarotinoid A2 (SHetA2) binds to the three related heat shock protein A (HSPA) chaperone proteins HSPA5 (78-kDa glucose-regulated protein; Grp78; BiP), HSPA8 (Hsc70) and HSPA9 (mortalin), and disrupts their binding to client proteins. This may induce G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit tumor cell growth, migration and invasion. Grp78, h… |
Flonoltinib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of flonoltinib, an orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of both Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, flonoltinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of both JAK2 and FLT3. This prevents the activation of the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway and the activation… |
Flotetuzumab |
An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Flotetuzumab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of flotetuzumab, this bispecific antibody simultaneously binds to bo… |
Flotufolastat F-18 Gallium |
A radiohybrid prostate specific membrane antigen (rhPSMA) ligand, rhPSMA-7.3, labeled, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1-(glutamic acid)-4,7,10-triacetic acid (DOTAGA; DOTA-GA) in complex with nonradioactive gallium, with the radioisotope fluorine F 18, which is covalently bound to silicon, with potential imaging activity using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (… |
Floxuridine |
A fluorinated pyrimidine monophosphate analogue of 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-phosphate (FUDR-MP) with antineoplastic activity. As an antimetabolite, floxuridine inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in disruption of DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent is also metabolized to fluorouracil and other metabolites that can be incorporated into RNA and inhibit the utilization of preformed uracil in RNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
FLT3 Inhibitor BMF-500 |
An orally bioavailable, covalent and selective inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FLT3 inhibitor BMF-500 selectively targets and irreversibly binds to a reactive cysteine in the active site of FLT3. This inhibits the activity of FLT3 and prevents FLT3-mediated downstream signaling. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), i… |
FLT3 Inhibitor FF-10101 Succinate |
The succinate salt form of FF-10101, a FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FLT3 inhibitor FF-10101 succinate (FF-10101-01), FF-10101 irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. |
FLT3 Inhibitor XY0206 |
A selective inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3 inhibitor XY0206 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. |
Flt3 Ligand/Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/IL-12 Engineered Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus RIVAL-01 |
An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express an Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) ligand, an antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Flt3 ligand/anti-CTLA-4 antibody/IL-12 engineered oncolytic VV RIVAL-01, the virus preferentially targets, … |
FLT3 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TTT-3002 |
An orally bioavailable indolocarbazole derivative and inhibitor of constitutively active mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor TTT-3002 binds to and inhibits ligand-dependent dimerization and autophosphorylation of mutant forms of FLT3 with constitutively activating mutations, including FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) and the activating point mutation D835Y. Prevention of a… |
FLT3/ABL/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor KW-2449 |
An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2), the tyrosine kinase ABL, and aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/ABL/Aurora kinase inhibitor KW-2449 specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, ABL and aurora kinases, which both interferes with the activation of signal transduction pathways mediated by these kinases and reduces the proliferation of susceptible cancer cells. FLT3… |
FLT3/CDK4/6 Inhibitor FLX925 |
An orally available inhibitor of FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, or FLK2) and the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, FLT3/CDK4/6 inhibitor FLX925 specifically binds to and inhibits FLT3, which interferes with the activation of FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress FLT3. In addition FLX925 inhibits CDK4 and 6 and prevents the phosphorylation … |
FLT3/KIT Kinase Inhibitor AKN-028 |
An orally bioavailable protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor for FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1) and stem cell factor receptor (SCFR; KIT), with potential antineoplastic activity. FLT3/KIT kinase inhibitor AKN-028 binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3 and SCFR. This may result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases. |
FLT3/KIT/CSF1R Inhibitor NMS-03592088 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), the mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities Upon administration, FLT3/KIT/CSF1R inhibitor NMS-03592088 binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, KIT and CSF1R. This prevents FLT3, KIT and CSF1R-mediated signaling and results… |
FLT3/KIT/VEGFR2/PDGFRB Inhibitor ETN101 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; KIT), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, FLT3/KIT/VEGFR2/PDGFRB inhibitor ETN101 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, c-Kit, VEGFR2 and PD… |
Flt3/MerTK Inhibitor MRX-2843 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (Flt3; CD135; fetal liver kinase-2; Flk2) and tyrosine-protein kinase Mer (MerTK; proto-oncogene c-Mer; Mer), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MRX-2843 targets and binds to both Flt3 and MerTK. This prevents ligand-dependent phosphorylation and activation of Flt3 and MerTK, which inhibits the activation of their downstream signaling pathways. This induces apoptosis … |
Flu Matrix Peptide p58-66 |
A short chain synthetic antigenic peptide (GILGFVFTL) derived from the influenza virus A matrix protein and presented by HLA-A2 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Flu matrix peptide p58-66 stimulates the lytic functions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), which may result in the eradication of virus-infected or malignant tumor cells. |
Fludarabine |
A fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Administered parenterally as a phosphate salt, fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell … |
Fludarabine Phosphate |
The phosphate salt of a fluorinated nucleotide antimetabolite analog of the antiviral agent vidarabine (ara-A) with antineoplastic activity. Fludarabine phosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. This metabolite may inhibit DNA polymerase alpha, ribonucleotide reductase and DNA primase, thereby interrupting DNA synthesis and inhibiting tumor cell growth. |
Flumatinib Mesylate |
The orally bioavailable, mesylate salt form of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor flumatinib, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tum… |
Flumbatinib |
An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, flumbatinib inhibits the wild-type forms of Bcr-Abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-Kit) and forms of these proteins with certain point mutations. This results in the inhibition of both Bcr-Abl-, PDGFR- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduction pathways, and the proliferation of tumor cells in which these kinases are ov… |
Fluorine F 18 Fluoropivalate |
A radioconjugate composed of fluoropivalate, a non-natural short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), labeled with the positron-emitting radioisotope fluorine F 18, with potential use as an imaging agent for tracing SCFA metabolism upon positron emitting tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). Upon administration, fluorine F 18 FPIA is rapidly taken up by tumor cells. This may allow for the visualization of tumor cells upon PET/CT. SCFA is used as an energy source for cell growth and proliferation; t… |
Fluorine F 18 PSMA-1007 |
A radioconjugate containing the human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, PSMA-1007, labeled with the radioisotope fluorine F 18, with potential imaging activity using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration of fluorine F 18 PSMA-1007, the PSMA-1007 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This allows for visualization of PSMA-expressing cells upon imaging. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and type II transme… |
Fluorodopan |
An alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluorodopan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine. Alkylating agents exert cytotoxic and, in some cases, chemotherapeutic effects by transferring alkyl groups to DNA, thereby damaging DNA and interfering with DNA replication and cell division. (NCI04) |
Fluoropyrimidine |
Any fluoropyrimidine-based agent with potential antineoplastic activity. As an antimetabolite, a fluoropyrimidine interferes with pyrimidine utilization and incorporation into DNA and RNA. |
Fluorouracil |
An antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Fluorouracil and its metabolites possess a number of different mechanisms of action. In vivo, fluoruracil is converted to the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP); replacing uracil, F-UMP incorporates into RNA and inhibits RNA processing, thereby inhibiting cell growth. Another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate … |
Fluorouracil Implant |
An implant containing a sustained release particle of fluorouracil, an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the nucleoside pyrimidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon implantation and subsequent release, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with the pyrimidine uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and thus DNA synthesis. |
Fluorouracil-E Therapeutic Implant |
An injectable collagen matrix gel containing the antimetabolite fluorouracil and the sympathicomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, fluorouracil is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate that competes with uracil during RNA synthesis while another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-O-monophosphate, inhibits thymidylate synthase and, so, DNA synthesis. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, i… |
Fluoxymesterone |
A halogenated derivative of 17-alpha-methyltestosterone. Similar to testosterone, fluoxymesterone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an increase in protein anabolism, a decrease in amino acid catabolism, and retention of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus. This agent also may competitively inhibit prolactin receptors and estrogen receptors, thereby inhibiting the growth of hormone-dependent tumor lines. Fluoxymesterone is approximately five times more potent th… |
Flutamide |
A toluidine derivative and a nonsteroidal antiandrogen that is structurally related to bicalutamide and nilutamide. Flutamide and its more potent active metabolite 2-hydroxyflutamide competitively block dihydrotestosterone binding at androgen receptors, forming inactive complexes which cannot translocate into the cell nucleus. Formation of inactive receptors inhibits androgen-dependent DNA and protein synthesis, resulting in tumor cell growth arrest or transient tumor regression. (NCI04) |
Fluvastatin |
A synthetic lipid-lowering agent with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic properties. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated antigen-prese… |
Fluvastatin Sodium |
The sodium salt of a synthetic lipid-lowering agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Fluvastatin competitively inhibits hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses through the suppression of MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, ant… |
Fms/Trk Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PLX7486 Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of PLX7486, a selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R; fms) and neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor types 1, 2 and 3 (TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, respectively) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PLX7486 binds to and inhibits the activity of these tyrosine kinases. This inhibits Fms and Trk-mediated signaling transduction pathways that are upregulated in certain cancer cell types. This may eve… |
Folate Binding Protein E39 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2 restricted folate binding protein (FBP) epitope E39 (amino acids 191 to 199), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal injection, FBP E39 peptide vaccine may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against FBP-expressing tumor cell types. FBP is a membrane-bound, tumor-associated antigen highly overexpressed in various tumor cell types, such as in breast, ovarian and endometria… |
Folate Binding Protein J65 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted folate binding protein (FBP) epitope J65 (9 amino acids; EIWTFSTKV), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, FBP J65 peptide vaccine may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against J65 FBP-expressing tumor cell types. FBP is a membrane-bound, tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in various tumor types, including breast, ovarian and endometrial can… |
Folate Receptor Targeted Epothilone BMS753493 |
A folate receptor-targeting antimitotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted epothilone BMS753493 contains an epothilone moiety linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the antimitotic epothilone component into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the epothilone moiety induces microtubule polymerization and stabilize… |
Folate Receptor-Targeted Tubulysin Conjugate EC1456 |
An injectable targeted small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) consisting of folate (vitamin B9) covalently linked to the potent mitotic poison and cytotoxic agent, tubulysin B hydrazide (Tub-B-H) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the folate moiety of folate receptor-targeted tubulysin conjugate EC1456 preferentially binds to tumor cells expressing folate receptors (FR). After binding to FR, the agent is internalized by tumor cells and the Tub-B-H moiety inhibits the p… |
Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid EC0489 |
A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic drug conjugate consisting of a folate vitamin analogue linked to a vinca alkaloid microtubule destabilizing agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Mediated through its folate moiety, folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid EC0489 delivers the cytotoxic vinca alkaloid moiety directly to cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiety binds to… |
Folate Receptor-Targeted Vinca Alkaloid/Mitomycin C EC0225 |
A folate receptor-targeting cytotoxic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate receptor-targeted vinca alkaloid/mitomycin C EC0225 contains two potent cytotoxic agents, a vinca alkaloid and mitomycin C, linked to a single folate molecule. Mediated through the folate moiety, this agent delivers the cytotoxic agents directly into cells expressing folic acid receptors, frequently upregulated in many types of tumor cells. After ligand-receptor internalization, the vinca alkaloid moiet… |
Folate-FITC |
A conjugate consisting of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated with folate with potential antineoplastic activity. Folate-FITC binds to folate receptors, which are overexpressed on the surfaces of many cancer cells including kidney and ovarian cancer cells. Once bound to the cancer cell through the folate moiety of the conjugate, circulating anti-fluorescein antibodies may recognize and bind to the FITC moiety, resulting in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. |
Folitixorin |
A folate-based biomodulator with potential antineoplastic activity. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHF) stabilizes the covalent binding of the fluorouracil metabolite 5-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-O-monophosphate (FdUMP) to its target enzyme, thymidylate synthase, which results in inhibition of thymidylate synthase, depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP), a necessary constituent of DNA, and tumor cell death. Unlike leucovorin, MTHF, as the active form of folate, does not require metaboli… |
Foretinib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Foretinib binds to and selectively inhibits hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. The proto-oncogene c-MET has been found to be over-expressed in a variety of cancers. VEGFR2 is found on endothelial and hematopoietic cells and mediates the development … |
Forimtamig |
A T-cell engaging bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, forimtamig binds to both GPRC5D expressed on tumor cells and CD3 on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GPRC5D-expressing tumor cells. GPRC5D … |
Foritinib Succinate |
The succinate salt form of foritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, foritinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK and ROS1, which leads to the disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, foritinib is able to cross the blood bra… |
Formestane |
A synthetic steroidal substance with antineoplastic activity. Formestane binds irreversibly to and inhibits the enzyme aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and the peripheral aromatization of androgenic precursors into estrogens. (NCI04) |
Forodesine |
A transition-state analog inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, forodesine preferentially binds to and inhibits PNP, resulting in the accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate and the subsequent inhibition of the enzyme ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase and DNA synthesis. This agent selectively causes apoptosis in stimulated or malignant T-lymphocytes. |
Forodesine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the synthetic high-affinity transition-state analogue forodesine. Forodesine binds preferentially to and inhibits purine nucleotide phosphorylase (PNP), resulting in the accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate and the subsequent inhibition of the enzyme ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase and DNA synthesis. This agent selectively causes apoptosis in stimulated or malignant T-lymphocytes. A transition state analogue is a substrate designed to mimic the properties… |
Fosbretabulin |
A water-soluble prodrug derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activity. Fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may result in tumor necrosis. |
Fosbretabulin Disodium |
The disodium salt of a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a natural stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with potential vascular disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the prodrug fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, the microtubule-depolymerizing agent combretastatin A4, which binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. I… |
Fosbretabulin Tromethamine |
The tromethamine salt form of prodrug fosbretabulin, a water-soluble phosphate derivative of a stilbenoid phenol derived from the African bush willow (Combretum caffrum) with antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fosbretabulin is dephosphorylated to its active metabolite, combretastatin A4, which targets and binds to tubulin dimers and prevents microtubule polymerization, thereby resulting in mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach fr… |
Foscenvivint |
A potent, specific inhibitor of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in cancer stem cells with potential antineoplastic activity. Foscenvivint specifically inhibits the recruiting of beta-catenin with its coactivator CBP (the binding protein of the cAMP response element-binding protein CREB); together with other transcription factors beta-catenin/CBP binds to WRE (Wnt-responsive element) and activates transcription of a wide range of target genes of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Blocking the int… |
Fosciclopirox |
A phosphoryloxymethyl (POM) ester-based prodrug of ciclopirox (CPX), a synthetic, broad-spectrum antifungal agent with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of fosciclopirox, the POM moiety is cleaved off by phosphatases and the active metabolite CPX is released. Although its exact anticancer mechanism is not yet fully elucidated, CPX has been shown to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and reduce tumor cell … |
Fosdesdenosine Sipalabenamide |
A phosphoramidate derivative of the monophosphate form of cordycepin (3’-deoxyadenosine; 3’-dA), an adenosine derivative first isolated from Cordyceps sinensis, with potential antineoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon administration and cellular uptake of fosdesdenosine sipalabenamide by passive diffusion, cordycepin monophosphate (3’-dAMP) is converted into its active anti-cancer metabolite 3’-deoxyadenosine triphosphate (3’-dATP). 3’-dATP functions as a ribonucleos… |
Fosgemcitabine Palabenamide |
A pyrimidine analogue and a proprietary prodrug based on an aryloxy phosphoramidate derivative of gemcitabine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and cellular uptake, fosgemcitabine palabenamide is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA replication; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in p… |
Fosifloxuridine Nafalbenamide |
A phosphoramidate-based prodrug of the monophosphate (MP) form of 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine (FUdR; FUDR), the active metabolite of fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite fluoropyrimidine analog of the pyrimidine nucleoside, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the nucleotide analog prodrug fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide, fosifloxuridine nafalbenamide is readily taken up by tumor cells. In the tumor cell, the phosphoramidate moiety is removed and fosifloxuridine nafalbe… |
Foslinanib |
An orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis. |
Foslinanib Disodium |
The disodium salt form of foslinanib, an orally bioavailable agent with potential antineoplastic and anti-vasculogenic mimicry activities. Upon oral administration, foslinanib targets and inhibits the formation of vasculogenic mimicry (VM; vascular mimicry). By destroying the VM channels and network, cancer cells are devoid of perfusion leading to an induction of cancer cell apoptosis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. VM is associated with tumor metastasis. |
Fosquidone |
A water-soluble pentacyclic pyrolloquinone analogue of mitoquidone with potential antineoplastic activity. Currently, the mechanism of action of fosquidone is unknown. In vitro studies indicate that this agent does not bind to DNA or inhibit topoisomerases. |
Fostriecin |
An anti-tumor antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pulveraceus. Fostriecin inhibits topoisomerase II catalytic activity, resulting in impaired DNA and RNA synthesis in various malignant cell types. This agent also inhibits serine/threonine protein phosphatase type 2A in some tumor cell types, thereby interfering with cellular proliferation and differentiation. (NCI04) |
Fostroxacitabine Bralpamide |
A liver-targeting nucleotide phosphoramidate prodrug of troxacitabine monophosphate (TRX-MP), a dioxolane derivative and L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fostroxacitabine bralpamide is rapidly and specifically hydrolyzed in hepatocytes by liver carboxylesterase 1 (carboxylesterase 1, CE-1), generating high levels of the chain-terminating nucleotide, troxacitabine triphosphate (TRX-TP) in the liver. TRX-TP is then incorpo… |
Fostroxacitabine Bralpamide Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of fostroxacitabine bralpamide, a liver-targeting nucleotide phosphoramidate prodrug of troxacitabine monophosphate (TRX-MP), a dioxolane derivative and L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fostroxacitabine bralpamide is rapidly and specifically hydrolyzed in hepatocytes by liver carboxylesterase 1 (carboxylesterase 1, CE-1), generating high levels of the chain-terminating nucleotide, troxacitabin… |
Fotemustine |
A chloroethylating nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Fotemustine alkylates guanine by forming chloroethyl adducts at the 6 position of guanine, resulting in N1-guanine and N3-cytosine cross linkages, inhibition of DNA synthesis, cell cycle arrest, and finally apoptosis. This agent is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier. |
Fotretamine |
A pentaethyleneimine derivative with antineoplastic alkylating activity. Fotretamine causes chromosomal breaks in lymphocytes which contributes to its immunosuppressive activity. |
Fovinaciclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, fovinaciclib selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1/S transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated … |
Fowlpox Virus Vaccine Vector |
A recombinant fowlpox virus-based vaccine vector designed to express various tumor-associated peptide antigens. Strong CD8 cytotoxic T cell responses may be induced after prolonged immunization with fowlpox virus vaccines and have been associated with tumor regression. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it does not multiply in human tissues. (NCI05) |
Fowlpox-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, an antigen found in normal testis and various tumors, including bladder, breast, hepatocellular, melanoma, and prostate cancers. Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (… |
FPV Vaccine CV301 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration following the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara developed by Bavarian Nordic… |
FPV-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox viral (FPV) vector encoding the human transcription factor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) brachyury, and a triad of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM), which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration occurring after the administration of a proprietary modified vaccinia Ankara deve… |
FR Alpha/TRPV6 Bispecific Ligand Drug Conjugate CBP-1008 |
A bispecific ligand drug conjugate targeting both human folate receptor alpha (FR alpha; FOLR1) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6; CaT1; CATL) and conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FR alpha/TRPV6 bispecific ligand drug conjugate CBP-1008, the bispecific ligand moiety targets and binds to FR alpha and/or TRPV6, wh… |
FRa/TRPV6 Bispecific Ligand-drug Conjugate CBP-1019 |
A bispecific ligand-drug conjugate composed of dual ligands that target human folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 6 (TRPV6; CaT1; CATL), conjugated to the camptothecin analog and topoisomerase 1 inhibitor exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of FRa/TRPV6 bispecific ligand-drug conjugate CBP-1019, the dual ligands target and bind to FRa and/or TRPV6 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding a… |
Fractalkine Receptor Antagonist KAND567 |
An orally bioavailable non-competitive and selective antagonist of the fractalkine (C-X3-C motif chemokine 1; chemokine ligand 1; CX3CL1; small-inducible cytokine D1) receptor (CX3C chemokine receptor 1; CX3CR1; chemokine, CX3C motif, receptor 1), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, fractalkine receptor antagonist KAND567 specifically and allosterically binds to and blocks CX3CR1, thereby preventing the binding of fractal… |
French Maritime Pine Bark Extract |
A nutritional supplement containing an extract obtained from the French maritime pine bark Pinus pinaster, with potential immunomodulating and antioxidant activities. The French maritime pine bark extract contains high amounts of the phytochemicals proanthocyanidins. Proanthocyanidins are able to scavenge free radicals, and therefore may inhibit cellular damage. This extract may also ameliorate the symptoms of lymphedema and improve blood flow. It might also stimulate the immune system and ha… |
Frenlosirsen |
An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) mRNA, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, frenlosirsen hybridizes with IRF4 mRNA, which blocks translation of the IRF4 protein. Reduction of IRF4 levels prevents the expression of IRF4-controlled tumor promoter genes, and may enhance tumor cell apoptosis and prevent T-cell exhaustion. IRF4, a transcription factor expressed in lymphocytes and essent… |
Fresolimumab |
A pan-specific, recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor (TGF) -beta 1, 2 and 3 with potential antineoplastic activity. Fresolimumab binds to and inhibits the activity of all isoforms of TGF-beta, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, angiogenesis, and migration. TGF-beta, a cytokine often over-expressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and migration of tumor cells. |
Fruit and Vegetable Extract |
Extracts from plants, such as fruits and vegetables, that contain fiber, vitamins, minerals, and other natural substances with antioxidant, lipid-lowering, and antiproliferative properties. Used in chemoprevention therapy, these extracts may prevent the development or recurrence of cancer. (NCI04) |
Fruquintinib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, fruquintinib inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1, 2, and 3 which may result in the inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a … |
Fulvestrant |
A synthetic estrogen receptor antagonist. Unlike tamoxifen (which has partial agonist effects) and the aromatase inhibitors (which reduce the estrogen available to tumor cells), fulvestrant binds competitively to estrogen receptors in breast cancer cells, resulting in estrogen receptor deformation and decreased estrogen binding. In vitro studies indicate that fulvestrant reversibly inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-resistant, estrogen-sensitive, human breast cancer cell lines. (NCI04) |
Fumagillin-Derived Polymer Conjugate XMT-1107 |
A polymeric prodrug consisting of the fumagillol-derived small molecule XMT-1191 tethered to the hydrophilic, biodegradable70 kDa polymer poly[1-hydroxymethylethylene hydroxymethylformal] (PHF) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, fumagillin-derived polymer conjugate XMT-1107 releases XMT-1191, which may inhibit angiogenesis through the irreversible inhibition of the methionine aminopeptidase 2 (METAP2); although the exact mechanism of action has y… |
Fursultiamine |
A nutritional supplement and vitamin B1 derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fursultiamine inhibits the expressions of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX-2), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG) in cancer stem cells (CSCs). This may inhibit the proliferation of CSCs thereby preventing tumor cell growth. In addition, fursultiamine inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters subfamily B … |
Futibatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Futibatinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits FGFR, which may result in the inhibition of both the FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathway and tumor cell proliferation, and increased cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival and its expression is up… |
Futuximab |
A recombinant, chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB1; HER1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, futuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyr… |
Futuximab/Modotuximab Mixture |
A mixture of two recombinant IgG1 antibodies directed against different epitopes in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) extracellular domain III, with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody mixture Sym004 binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, thereby preventing ligand binding. This may prevent activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathway… |
Fuzheng Yiliu Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation composed of many different herbs, including Raw land, Zhimu, raw jaundice, fairy spleen, Bayu Tian, Quanqi, Atractylodes, Poria, Licorice, Cork, American ginseng, Tortoiseshell, and Hedyotis diffusa, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of fuzheng yiliu decoction, the active ingredients may inhibit several tumor signaling pathways, may induce apoptosis in tumor cells and inhibit t… |
Fuzuloparib |
An orally available inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, fuzuloparib inhibits PARP 1 and 2 activity, which inhibits PARP-mediated repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway, enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and leads to an induction of apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyze post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear protei… |
G Protein-coupled Estrogen Receptor Agonist LNS8801 |
An orally bioavailable selective agonist of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1; GPER; GPER1; GPR30), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, LNS8801 targets, binds to and activates GPER. This activates GPER-mediated signaling and suppresses the expression of various tumor-associated genes, such as c-Myc and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). This leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation… |
G250 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing of a synthetic form of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-associated antigen G250 with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with G250 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the G250 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. Found in the majority of renal cell carcinomas, G250 is a cell surface tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that contains an HLA-A2.1-restricted … |
Gadopiclenol |
A gadolinium-based paramagnetic contrast agent, with potential imaging enhancing activity upon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Upon administration of gadopiclenol and placement in a magnetic field, this agent produces a large magnetic moment and creates a large local magnetic field, which can enhance the relaxation rate of nearby protons. This change in proton relaxation dynamics, increases the MRI signal intensity of tissues in which this agent has accumulated; therefore, contrast and visu… |
Gag:267-274 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing the amino acids 267 through 274 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gag core protein (gag:267-274), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon vaccination, the immune system may exert a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the xenoantigen gag:267-274 and produces pro-inflammatory cytokines. The concomitant administration of a cancer peptide vaccine may benefit from an already activated immune system and may augment an immune res… |
Galamustine |
A galactose mustard compound, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity. |
Galarubicin |
An anthracycline derivative with antineoplastic activity developed to circumvent doxorubicin resistance. |
Galectin-1 Inhibitor OTX008 |
A calixarene-based compound and galectin-1 (Gal-1) inhibitor with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, galectin-1 inhibitor OTX008 binds Gal-1 which leads to Gal-1 oxidation and proteasomal degradation, through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism, and eventually downregulation of Gal-1. This decreases tumor cell growth and inhibits angiogenesis. Gal-1, a multifunctional carbohydrate-binding protein, is often overexpressed on tumor … |
Galeterone |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule androgen receptor modulator and CYP17 lyase inhibitor with potential antiandrogen activity. Galeterone exhibits three distinct mechanisms of action: 1) as an androgen receptor antagonist, 2) as a CYP17 lyase inhibitor and 3) by decreasing overall androgen receptor levels in prostate cancer tumors, all of which may result in a decrease in androgen-dependent growth signaling. Localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17 (P45… |
Galinpepimut-S |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of four peptide chains derived from the Wilms’ tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, galinpepimut-S, which is comprised of one WT1-derived peptide (WT-A1) that may stimulate CD8-positive T-cell responses; two WT1 peptides (WT1-427 long, WT1-331 long) that may stimulate CD4-positive T-cell responses; and one modified peptide (WT1-122A1 long) that may stimulate both CD4-positive and CD8-… |
Galiximab |
A chimeric IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CD80, the natural ligand for the T-cell antigen CD28 which mediates T-cell and B-cell adhesion. Galiximab binds to CD80 expressed on the cell surfaces of follicular lymphomas, resulting in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD80 is expressed on activated B-cells and gamma-interferon-stimulated monocytes and is often expressed at low levels on the surfaces of follicular lymphoma cells and other lymphoid malignancies. |
Gallium Ga 68/Copper Cu 64-labeled FAPI-XT117 |
A radioconjugate composed of FAPI-XT117, a fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPi), labeled with the radionuclides gallium Ga 68 and copper Cu 64, with potential use as a tracer for FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) during positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration of gallium Ga 68/copper Cu 64-labeled FAPI-XT117, the FAPI-XT117 moiety targets and binds to FAP-expressing CAFs. Upon binding, FAP-expressing cells can be detected duri… |
Gallium Ga 68-labeled alphaVbeta6 Binding Peptide RAD 301 |
A radiotracer composed of RAD301, which comprises an integrin alphaVbeta6 (aVb6) binding peptide (BP) and is radiolabeled with the radionuclide gallium Ga 68, with potential integrin aVb6 imaging activity using positron emission tomography (PET). Upon administration of gallium Ga 68-labeled alphaVbeta6 binding peptide RAD301, the aVb6-binding peptide moiety selectively targets and binds to integrin aVb6-positive cancer cells. During PET, aVb6-expressing tumor cells can be visualized and the d… |
Gallium Ga 68-PSMA-617 |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-617, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the radioisotope gallium Ga 68, with potential use as a tracer for PSMA-expressing tumors during positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). Upon intravenous administration of 68Ga-PSMA-617, the PSMA-617 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells can be detected during PET/CT imaging. PSMA, a tumor-ass… |
Gallium-based Bone Resorption Inhibitor AP-002 |
An orally bioavailable gallium (Ga)-based small molecule agent with potential anti-bone resorption and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, AP-002 selectively inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and may promote the growth of osteoblasts thereby improving the skeletal sequelae of bony metastases which include pain, spinal cord compression, fractures and hypercalcemia of malignancy. Additionally, AP-002 may, through an as of yet undescribed mechanism of acti… |
Galocitabine |
An orally available 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galocitabine is converted into 5’-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, 5’-deoxy-fluorouridine, and 5-FU. 5-FU is further metabolized into other cytotoxic metabolites that interfere with RNA and DNA synthesis via inhibition of thymidylate synthase. As a result, this agent eventually inhibits tumor cell growth. |
Galunisertib |
An orally available, small molecule antagonist of the tyrosine kinase transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b) receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, galunisertib specifically targets and binds to the kinase domain of TGFBR1, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-b-mediated signaling pathways. This may inhibit the proliferation of TGF-b-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the TGF-b signaling pathway is seen in a number of cancers and … |
Gamboge Resin Extract TSB-9-W1 |
An orally bioavailable extract from the yellow to brown gum-resin of the gamboge tree (genus Garcinia) belonging to the Clusiaceae (or Guttiferae) family, with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Gamboge resin extract TSB-9-W1 contains various active ingredients, including gambogic acid, formoxanthone A, betulin, betulinic acid, morellic acid, isomorellic acid, isogambogic acid, isomorellinol and desoxymorellin. Upon oral administration, the various active components of… |
Gamitrinib |
A resorcinolic-based mitochondrial-targeted heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gamitrinib targets and inhibits the activity of Hsp90 heat shock proteins, such as TNF receptor-associated protein-1 (TRAP1). This induces the accumulation of the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 and the cytosolic E3 ubiquitin (Ub) ligase Parkin, ubiquitylates substrate proteins, and induces PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Gamitrinib induces acut… |
Gamma-delta Tocotrienol |
An orally available nutritional supplement containing the gamma and delta forms of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol, with hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gamma-delta tocotrienol accumulates in cancer cells and may exert their anti-cancer activity in part through 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase downregulation and/or degradation, cell cycle arrest, and induction of caspase-mediate… |
Gamma-Secretase Inhibitor RO4929097 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Gamma secretase inhibitor RO4929097 binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains. Overexpression of the Notch signaling pathway has been correlated w… |
Gandotinib |
An orally bioavailable imidazopyridazine and inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 mutant V617F (JAK2V617F), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gandotinib selectively and competitively inhibits the activation of JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and the induction of apoptosis in JAK2V617F-expressing tumor cells. JAK2V617F has a substitution of phenylalanine for valine at amino acid position 617 and plays a key role in tumor ce… |
Ganetespib |
A synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganetespib binds to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, the inhibition of cell proliferation and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72); it may inhibit the activity of multiple kinases, such as c-Kit, EGFR, and Bcr-Abl, which as client proteins depend on functional HsP90 for maintenance. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone… |
Ganglioside GD2 |
A cell surface antigen expressed on all tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including melanoma, neuroblastomas, sarcoma, astrocytomas, and small cell lung cancer. GD2, an O-acetylated disialoganglioside, belongs to the group of glycosphingolipids that are widely expressed in many tissues and organs in vertebrates and have been suggested to be involved in the regulation of development and differentiation as recognition molecules or signal modulators. Due to its high level of expression in neurob… |
Ganglioside GM2 |
A glycosphingolipid antigen expressed by a variety of human cancer cells. GM2 containing vaccines have been shown to elicit antibodies production in melanoma patients without deleterious effects associated with an immune response to GM2. Mutations in at least 1 of 3 recessive genes: HEXA, HEXB, and GM2A cause defects in GM2 catabolism, leading to lysosomal lipid storage disorders that manifest primarily as neurodegenerative diseases, including Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Disease. |
Ganitumab |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ganitumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-1R is a tyrosine kinase and a member of the in… |
Ganoderma lucidum Spores Powder Capsule |
An orally available powder-based nutritional supplement containing the spores of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma l.), a traditional Chinese medicine, with potential protective, sedative, anti-oxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. The spores contain various bioactive components including polysaccharides, triterpenoids, peptidoglycans, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Upon oral administration of the Ganoderma lucidum spores powder capsule, the acti… |
Garivulimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-variant monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, garivulimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation … |
Garlic |
A bulbous herb isolated from the plant Allium sativum with potential antineoplastic activity. Garlic contains a number of different organosulfur compounds, some of which have displayed antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Garlic Extract |
The alcoholic extract of the bulb or whole garlic plant Allium sativum (Liliaceae) with potential antineoplastic activity. The garlic plant has long been considered a beneficial plant for health and has been used as an antihelmintic, a rubefacient, an anti-infective, and an antihypertensive. Fresh or aged, garlic extracts contain compounds such as diallyl and allyl propyl disulfides with potent antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering properties; regular ingestion may be preventative for atheroscler… |
Garsorasib |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, garsorasib selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metas… |
Gartisertib |
An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,gartisertib selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine pr… |
Gastrin Immunotoxin |
An immunotoxin containing an epitope of human gastrin conjugated to diphtheria toxin, with antineoplastic activity. The gastrin epitope in this vaccine is chemically identical or similar to the endogenous gastrin-17 (G-17), a 17-amino acid peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid by the stomach. Diphtheria toxin inhibits protein synthesis via modifying translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2). Vaccination with this immunotoxin may elicit production of antibodies against gastrin… |
Gataparsen Sodium |
A second-generation antisense oligonucleotide against survivin mRNA with potential antitumor activity. Gataparsen hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family. Survivin, expressed during embryonal development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent in most normal adult cells; its expression in tumors is associated with a more aggressive phenotype, shorter survival times, and a decreased re… |
Gatipotuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody recognizing the tumor-specific epitope of mucin-1 (TA-MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Gatipotuzumab targets and binds to the TA-MUC1 epitopes expressed on the cell surface of tumor cells, thereby potentially activating the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the TA-MUC1-expressing tumor cells. TA-MUC1 is designated to MUC1 epitopes with O-glycosylated carbohydrate-induced conformational structures th… |
Gavocabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a single-domain antibody that recognizes human mesothelin, fused to the N-terminus of the CD3-epsilon T-cell receptor (TCR) subunit which, upon expression is incorporated into the endogenous TCR complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gavocabtagene autoleucel specifically target and bind to mesothelin-expressing tumor cells. This leads to T-cell activation and T-cell mediat… |
GBM Antigens and Alloantigens Immunotherapeutic Vaccine |
An orally bioavailable, immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of hydrolyzed and formulated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) antigens and alloantigens derived from a pool of patients’ cancer cells in the blood and samples of tumor tissues, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the GBM antigens and alloantigens immunotherapeutic vaccine, the GBM antigens and alloantigens may stimulate the host immune system via antigen-presenting cells (APCs) linin… |
GCN2 Inhibitor APL-4098 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4; GCN2 EIF2alpha kinase; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, GCN2 inhibitor APL-4098 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GCN2. This prevents GCN2-mediated signaling and may induce apoptosis in tumor cells that rely on GCN2 … |
GD2 Lactone/GD3 Lactone-KLH Conjugate Bivalent Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine, containing epitopes of the gangliosides GD2 and GD3 conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with GD2 lactone/GD3 lactone-KLH conjugate bivalent vaccine may elicit antibodies against tumor cells expressing either epitope, resulting in complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Located primarily in the nervous system, gangliosides, such as GD2 … |
GD2-CAR-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Genetically modified, autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a 14g2a.zeta chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the disialoganglioside GD2, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the activated T-lymphocytes target the GD2 antigen on tumor cells and selectively kill those cells. The tumor-associated antigen GD2 is overexpressed on the surface of almost all tumors of neuroectodermal origin. |
GD2-KLH Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing an epitope of glycosphingolipid GD2 conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. The disialoganglioside GD2 is a tumor-associated antigen expressed on the surface of several cancers, including neuroblastoma medulloblastomas, astrocytomas, melanomas, small-cell lung cancer, osteosarcomas, and other soft tissue sarcomas. Vaccination with GD2-KLH vaccine may elicit antibody production against cells expre… |
Gebasaxturev |
A preparation of naturally occurring, oncolytic enterovirus, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gebasaxturev targets and binds to intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and decay acceleration factor (DAF), both cell surface molecules that are overexpressed on certain malignant cells. After entering the cells, gebasaxturev replicates in these cancer cells, thereby causing cancer cell lysis. This results in a reduction of tumor cell growth. |
Gedatolisib |
An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, gedatolisib inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine ki… |
Gefitinib |
An anilinoquinazoline with antineoplastic activity. Gefitinib inhibits the catalytic activity of numerous tyrosine kinases including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which may result in inhibition of tyrosine kinase-dependent tumor growth. Specifically, this agent competes with the binding of ATP to the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR, thereby inhibiting receptor autophosphorylation and resulting in inhibition of signal transduction. Gefitinib may also induce cell cycle arrest and … |
Geldanamycin |
A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Geldanamycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Gelonin |
A class I ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) and toxin derived from the seeds of the plant Gelonium multiflorum. Gelonin (rGel) exerts N-glycosidase activity on the 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) unit of eukaryotic ribosomes by cleaving out adenine at the 4324 site, which depurinates rRNA, inactivates ribosomes, inhibits protein synthesis, and results in cell death. Used as the toxin moiety of certain immunotoxins and linked to antibodies specific for a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), gelonin can … |
Gemcitabine |
A broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA. This locks DNA polymerase thereby resulting in “masked termination” during DNA replication. On the other hand, dFdCDP inhibits rib… |
Gemcitabine Elaidate |
A lipophilic, unsaturated fatty acid ester derivative of gemcitabine (dFdC), an antimetabolite deoxynucleoside analogue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hydrolysis intracellularly by esterases, the prodrug gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and tri-phosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporate… |
Gemcitabine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis. |
Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion |
An orally available nanoparticle-based formulation containing the hydrochloride salt form of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. The formulation consists of an oil-in-water emulsion in which gemicitabine is solubilized in the excipient matrix containing a mixture of oil and (co)surfactants. Upon oral administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeox… |
Gemcitabine Liposome FF-10832 |
A liposomal formulation in which gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, is encapsulated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of gemcitabine liposome FF-10832, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in … |
Gemcitabine Prodrug LY2334737 |
An orally available valproic acid prodrug of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gemcitabine prodrug LY2334737 is hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) and releases gemcitabine systemically over a period of time consistent with formation rate-limited kinetics. In turn, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate and triphosphate (dFdCDP and dFdCTP) by deoxycytidi… |
Gemcitabine-Releasing Intravesical System |
A controlled-release intravesical system consisting of a small flexible tube-like device with a solid core composed of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. Upon placement of the gemcitabine-releasing intravesical system (GemRIS) into the bladder, gemcitabine is gradually and continuously released from the system over an extended period of time before being removed from the bladder. Upon release, gemcitabine is converted into th… |
Gemogenovatucel-T |
Autologous tumor cells transfected with a plasmid expressing recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and bifunctional short hairpin RNA (bi-shRNA) against furin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of gemogenovatucel-T, the expressed GM-CSF protein, a potent stimulator of the immune system, recruits immune effectors to the site of injection and promotes antigen presentation. The furin bifunctional s… |
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin |
A recombinant, humanized anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody attached to the cytotoxic antitumor antibiotic calicheamicin. In this conjugate, the antibody binds to and is internalized by tumor cells expressing CD33 antigen (a sialic acid-dependent glycoprotein commonly found on the surface of leukemic blasts), thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to CD33-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds to the minor groove of DNA, causing double strand DNA breaks and resulting in inhibition of … |
Gene-edited Autologous Neoantigen-targeted NeoTCR-P1 T-cells |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been engineered with site-specific nucleases to suppress the expression of most endogenous forms of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and promote expression of a single, native TCR targeting a neoepitope that is presented on the surface of a patient’s tumor cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon reintroduction into the patient, the gene-edited autologous neoantigen-targeted NeoTCR-P1 T-cells… |
Genetically Engineered NY-ESO-1-specific T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human T-lymphocytes recognizing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA), cancer/testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Genetically engineered NY-ESO-1-specific T-lymphocytes target tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1, an antigen found in normal testis, is overexpressed on the surface of various tumor cell types. |
Genetically Modified Interleukin-12 Transgene-encoding Bifidobacterium longum |
A live, genetically modified probiotic bacteria Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) engineered to deliver genetic material encoding the human pro-inflammatory transgene interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon administration of genetically modified IL-12 transgene-encoding B. longum, the bacteria selectively colonize hypoxic tumor tissues and deliver plasmid DNA encoding the IL-12 transgene within the tumor microenvironment (TME). IL-12 is translated in cells and … |
Genetically-modified Anti-HER2-CAR-CD28zeta-expressing Allogeneic NK-92/5.28.z Cells |
A preparation of genetically-modified natural killer (NK) cells derived from the allogeneic NK-92 cell line that are transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a codon-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of the anti-human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2; ErbB2) monoclonal antibody FRP5, and fused, via hinge and transmembrane regions, to the intracellular domain of the costimulatory molecule CD28, and the intracellular signaling d… |
Genetically-modified MAGE-A3-expressing MG1 Maraba Virus Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of the attenuated, genetically-modified, oncolytic form of the Maraba virus, MG1, which has been engineered to express a gene encoding the cancer testis antigen melanoma antigen family A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of genetically-modified MAGE-A3-expressing MG1 Maraba virus vaccine, the attenuated Maraba virus selectively and rapidly replicates in cancer cells; however, it is unable to replicate in normal, healthy cells. This in… |
Genistein |
A soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with antineoplastic activity. Genistein binds to and inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting signal transduction and inducing cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits topoisomerase-II, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest. Genistein exhibits antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and immunosuppressive activities. (NCI04) |
Genistein Sodium Dihydrate |
The sodium salt dihydrate form of crystalline genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen, with potential antineoplastic, chemosensitizing, and antioxidant activities. Upon administration, genistein sodium dihydrate binds to and modulates the activities of the nuclear estrogen receptors ERalpha (ESR1) and ERbeta (ESR2), and activates the G-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1). In addition, this agent increases the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which deactivates… |
Gentuximab |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous injection, gentuximab specifically binds to VEGFR-2, preventing the binding of its ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling may potentially inhibit tumor angiogenesis and decrease nutrient supply to tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. VEGFR-2 is… |
Geranylgeranyltransferase I Inhibitor |
A substance that inhibits protein geranylgeranyltransferase type 1 (GGTase-I), with potential antineoplastic activity. GGTase-I is involved in the posttranslational modification of a number of oncogenic GTPases, including K-Ras, N-Ras, RhoA, RhoC, Cdc42, RalA, RalB and Rac1. Inhibition of the prenylation of these oncogenic proteins inhibits both their oncogenic activity and membrane localization. This may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Protein geranylgeranylation, catayzed by GGTa… |
GI-4000 Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast transfected with mutated forms of Ras, an oncogene frequently found in solid tumors, with potential immunostimulant and antitumor activity. Upon administration, GI-4000 vaccine elicits an immune response by stimulating a specific cytotoxic T-cell response against the mutated forms of Ras. This may lead to a destruction of cancer cells expressing a Ras mutation. |
Giloralimab |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, giloralimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, triggers the proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates T-cells. This results in an enhanced cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. CD40, a cell surface receptor and member… |
Gilteritinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1; FLK2), AXL (UFO; JTK11), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK; CD246), and leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase (LTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL, ALK and LTK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3-, AXL-, ALK-, and LTK-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduced… |
Gilteritinib Fumarate |
The fumarate salt form of gilteritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1; FLK2), AXL (UFO; JTK11), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK; CD246), and leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase (LTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gilteritinib binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of FLT3, AXL, ALK and LTK. This may result in an inhibition of FLT3-, AXL-, ALK-, and LTK-mediated … |
Gimatecan |
An orally bioavailable, semi-synthetic lipophilic analogue of camptothecin, a quinoline alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Gimatecan binds to and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I, stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I-DNA, which inhibits the religation of single-stranded DNA breaks generated by topoisomerase I; lethal double-stranded DNA breaks occur when the topoisomerase I-DNA comp… |
Gimeracil |
A pyridine derivative with antitumor activity. Gimeracil enhances the antitumor activity of fluoropyrimidines by competitively and reversibly inhibiting the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase causing decreased degradation of the fluoropyrimidines. |
Gimistotug |
An agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, gimistotug selectively binds to OX40, thereby activating OX40. This induces the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and results in a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to tumor cell lysis. OX40, a cell surface glycoprote… |
Ginger Extract |
An extract of the rhizome of the perennial plant Zingiber officinale with potential antineoplastic activity. Ginger extract contains a number of different phenolic compounds, some of which have displayed antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. This agent also exhibits antiemetic properties. |
Ginisortamab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against gremlin-1 (GREM1; Drm), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ginisortamab specifically targets and binds to gremlin-1, thereby neutralizing Gremlin-1. This may block the gremlin-1-mediated inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathways, and may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Gremlin-1, a BMP antagonist that is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer … |
Ginseng Compound |
A compound containing the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) ginseng, a herb belonging to the Araliaceae family, with potential antioxidant, chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the ginseng compound, the active ingredients, mainly ginsenosides, inhibit various signal transduction pathways that play key roles in carcinogenesis and inflammation. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells. In addition,… |
Ginseng/Lingzhi Mushroom/Cordyceps sinensis/Rose Oral Liquid |
An orally available supplement containing ginseng, lingzhi mushroom, Cordyceps sinensis, and rose with potential immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, ginseng/lingzhi mushroom/Cordyceps sinensis/rose oral liquid may, through a not yet elucidated mechanism, enhance immune responses and relieve fatigue. |
Ginsenoside Rg3 Capsule |
A capsule containing the steroidal saponin ginsenoside Rg3 isolated from the root of Panax ginseng, with potential cancer preventive and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, ginsenoside Rg3 appears to inhibit endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tubular formation, and promotes cancer cell apoptosis. This agent also modulates the activities of certain growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and matrix m… |
Giredestrant |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, giredestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Girentuximab |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against G250, a cell surface antigen found in the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Following binding, monoclonal antibody G250 (mAb G250) may be internalized by G250 antigen-expressing renal carcinoma cells; mAb G250 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05) |
Girodazole |
A compound isolated from the marine sponge Pseudaxinyssa cantharella exhibiting anti-tumor activity. Studies indicate girodazole acts during the elongation/termination steps of protein synthesis, resulting in protein synthesis inhibition. (NCI) |
GITRL RNA-transfected Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cell (DC) cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulatory activity. GITRL RNA-transfected autologous DC vaccine is prepared by transfecting DCs with RNAs encoding tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18 (TNFSF18 or GlTRL); expression of GlTRL results in modulating T lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. Co-vaccination of this vaccine with melanoma antigen specific vaccine may eliminate the adverse effects associated with systemic administration of im… |
Givastomig |
A bispecific antibody composed of a human, Fc-silenced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) fused with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, givastomig simultaneously targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells… |
Givinostat |
An orally bioavailable hydroxymate inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Givinostat inhibits class I and class II HDACs, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. At low, nonapoptotic concentrations, this agent inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)… |
Glasdegib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Glasdegib appears to inhibit Hh pathway signaling. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Constitutive activation of Hh pathway signaling has been observed in various types of malignancies. |
Glasdegib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of glasdegib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule, smoothened (SMO) receptor inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glasdegib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SMO. This inhibits the activity of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and inhibits the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. SMO, a transmembrane protein, is involved in Hh signal transduction. The Hh signaling pathway plays an im… |
Glaucarubolone |
A polycyclic lactone quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the seeds of Hannoa undulata and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antiviral and antitumor properties. (NCI04) |
Glecirasib |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, glecirasib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor c… |
Glembatumumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate, consisting of the fully human monoclonal antibody CR011 directed against glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB) and conjugated via a cathepsin B-sensitive valine-citrulline (vc) linkage to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody CR011 moiety binds to glycoprotein nmb (GPNMB), expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types; upon endocytosis, the synthetic dolastin analogu… |
Glesatinib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Glesatinib binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including the c-Met receptor (hepatocyte growth factor receptor); the Tek/Tie-2 receptor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) types 1, 2, and 3; and the macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R or RON). Inhibition of these RTKs and their downstream signaling path… |
Glioblastoma Cancer Vaccine ERC1671 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of autologous glioblastoma (GBM) tumor cells, allogeneic GBM tumor cells, generated from three different GBM donor cancer patients, and the lysates of all of these cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of GBM cancer vaccine ERC1671, the mixture of the autologous and allogeneic cells and lysates stimulates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GBM-associated antigens, which … |
Glioblastoma Multiforme Multipeptide Vaccine IMA950 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of 11 peptides associated with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with glioblastoma multiforme multi-antigen vaccine IMA950 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response as well as a T-helper (Th) immune response against tumor cells expressing these peptides, potentially resulting in decreased tumor growth of GBM. Peptides in IMA950 consist of the following: b… |
Glioma Lysate Vaccine GBM6-AD |
An allogeneic cell lysate-based vaccine derived from the glioma stem cell line GBM6-AD, which was isolated from the brain tumor of a patient diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma lysate vaccine GBM6-AD exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of glioma-associated antigens (GAAs), and stimulates the immune system to mount a specific anti-tumoral, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (… |
Glioma-Associated Antigen Peptide-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells pulsed with synthetic glioma-associated antigen (GAA) peptides with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against GAA peptide-expressing glioma cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Glioma-associated Peptide-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine SL-701 |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with various, synthetic glioma-associated antigen (GAA) peptides, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the glioma-associated peptide-loaded DC vaccine SL-701 exposes the immune system to various GAA peptides. This may stimulate both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against the GAA-expressing glioma cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. |
Globo H-DT Vaccine OBI-833 |
A carbohydrate-based vaccine comprised of the Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H) antigen conjugated to DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Globo H-DT vaccine OBI-833, the carbohydrate antigen Globo H may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against Globo H-expressing tumor cells, thereby decreasing tumor cell proliferation. The hexasaccharide Globo H is a tumor-associ… |
Globo H-GM2-Lewis-y-MUC1-32-mer-TF(c)-Tn(c)-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A multivalent vaccine comprised of the epitope antigens of Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H), GM2 ganglioside, Lewis-Y, MUC1-32-mer, TF(c), and Tn(c) conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antigens included in this vaccine are associated various cancer cells. Vaccination with this multivalent vaccine may induce production of IgG and IgM antibodies as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumors expressing these… |
Globo-H-GM2-Lewis-y-MUC1-32(aa)-sTn(c)-TF(c)-Tn(c)-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A heptavalent vaccine consisting of the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens globohexaosylceramide (globo-H), GM2, Lewis-y, MUC1-32(aa), sTn(c), TF(c), and Tn(c) conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), an immunomodulator. This vaccine may induce the production of IgG and IgM antibodies and an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumors expressing these antigens. (NCI04) |
Glucarpidase |
A zinc-dependent enzyme isolated from a strain of the bacterium Pseudomonas. Because glucarpidase rapidly hydrolyzes methotrexate into inactive metabolites, it may be useful as a rescue agent for methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. In antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT), this agent is conjugated with an antibody that binds to a specific tumor cell type, allowing for glucarpidase-catalyzed activation of a co-administered prodrug at the site of the tumor. |
Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ORIC-101 |
A mifepristone-based steroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ORIC-101 selectively binds to GRs, thereby inhibiting the activation of GR-mediated proliferative and anti-apoptotic gene expression pathways. The GR, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-dependent transcription factors, is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may be associated with tumor cell proliferation and treatment resistance. Inh… |
Glufosfamide |
A compound consisting of the mustard agent ifosforamide conjugated to glucose, with potential alkylating activity. Glufosfamide is cleaved by glucosidases in tumor cells and forms ifosforamide. In turn, ifosforamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and subsequent cell growth. The glucose moiety may enhance this agent’s uptake by tumor cells. |
Glutaminase-1 Inhibitor IACS-6274 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the metabolic enzyme glutaminase-1 (GLS1), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, IACS-6274 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits human GLS1, an enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependen… |
Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Formulation 2B3-101 |
A glutathione (GSH) pegylated, liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential anetineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the glutathione pegylated liposomal formulation 2B3-101 specifically delivers doxorubicin into the brain. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs and interferes with topoisomerase II activity, which inhibits both DNA replication and RNA synthesis, resulting in cancer cel… |
Glyco-engineered Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody CHO H01 |
A glyco-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against the human B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of glyco-engineered anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody CHO H01, the antibody specifically targets and binds to CD20. This induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B-cells, which leads to B-cell apoptosis and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, C… |
Glycooptimized Trastuzumab-GEX |
A glycoengineered form of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Glycooptimized trastuzumab-GEX specifically binds to the extracellular domain of HER2, thereby inducing an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against HER2-expressing tumor cells. This eventually results in apoptosis and growth inhibition of tumor cells. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR superfamily, is… |
GM.CD40L Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of irradiated tumor cells transduced with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD40-ligand (CD40L) genes. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral dendritic cell-mediated host immune response. (NCI05) |
GM2/GD2/GD3 Lactone-KLH Conjugate Trivalent Vaccine |
A trivalent cancer vaccine containing the ganglioside lactones GM2, GD2 and GD3 conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with GM2 lactone/GD2 lactone/GD3 lactone-KLH conjugate trivalent vaccine may elicit antibodies against tumor cells expressing any of these epitopes, resulting in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing these gangliosides. GM2, GD2 and GD3 are tumor … |
GM2-KLH Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of GM2 ganglioside, a melanoma-specific antigen, conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Vaccination with GM2-KLH vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against GM2 ganglioside-expressing melanoma cells, resulting in tumor growth inhibition. (NCI04) |
GM2-KLH Vaccine/QS21 |
A cancer vaccine based on the immunogenic ganglioside GM2, The GM2-KLH Vaccine/QS21 vaccine consists of GM2 conjugated with KLH keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), a potent immunostimulant, and is admixed with the adjuvant QS21, a saponin fraction extracted from the bark of the South American tree Quillaja saponaria Molina. GM2 is a cell surface carbohydrate antigen expressed by most melanoma cells and various other tumor cell types. (NCI04) |
GM-CSF DNA |
DNA that encodes granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). GM-CSF enhances the host immune response to poorly immunogenic tumors, possibly by activating T-cell and macrophage anti-tumor responses, and, so, decreasing tumor growth. (NCI04) |
GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus CGTG-102 |
A recombinant, oncolytic serotype 5/3 capsid-modified adenovirus encoding the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the oncolytic adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. Synergistically, GM-CSF (sargramostim) expressed by the oncolytic adenovirus enhances antigen presentation, promotes natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing … |
GM-CSF-secreting MVX-2-loaded Capsules/Autologous Irradiated Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-2 |
A cancer vaccine composed of autologous irradiated tumor cells and two implantable capsules loaded with MVX-2 cells, which contain allogeneic genetically modified cells that continuously release granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of GM-CSF-secreting MVX-2-loaded capsules/autologous irradiated tumor cell vaccine MVX-ONCO-2, the MVX-2-loaded capsules and the autologous irradiated cells is… |
GM-K562 Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine comprised of K562 cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential immunopotentiating properties. Vaccination with GM-K562 cells may stimulate the host immune system to produce an antitumoral T-lymphocyte response, thereby inhibiting tumor growth. K562 cells are derived from the human erythroleukemia cell line K562. GM-CSF (also known as sagramostim) expressed by vaccine cells binds to specific cell surface receptors… |
GNAQ/GNA11 Antagonist DYP688 |
An antagonist of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha (GNAQ)/ guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 (GNA11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GNAQ/GNA11 antagonist DYP688 inhibits the activity of GNAQ/GNA11 and prevents GNAQ/GNA11-mediated signaling. This may prevent proliferation in tumors overexpressing and/or harboring mutations of GNAQ/GNA11. GNAQ and GNA11 are involved in carcinogenesis and are mutated in certain melanomas. |
GnRH Antagonist SHR7280 |
An orally bioavailable gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist, with potential hormone production inhibitory activity. Upon oral administration, GnRH antagonist SHR7280 competes with GnRH for receptor binding and inhibits GnRH receptor signaling in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. Since te… |
GnRH Antagonist VERU-100 |
A long-acting depot formulation of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist decapeptide, with potential hormone production inhibitory activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, GnRH antagonist VERU-100 competes with GnRH for receptor binding and inhibits GnRH receptor signaling in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents th… |
Gocatamig |
A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) containing three humanized antibody derived binding domains: a N-terminal single chain Fv (scFv) that binds to the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) of the T cell receptor (TCR), a middle single domain antibody (sdAb) that binds to human serum albumin (HSA) to extend the half-life, and a C-terminal sdAb that binds to human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3; delta like can… |
Golcadomide |
A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, golcadomide specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to… |
Gold Sodium Thiomalate |
The sodium salt of gold thiomalic acid, an organogold compound with antirheumatic and potential antineoplastic activities. Gold sodium thiomalate (GST) appears to inhibit the activity of atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCiota) by forming a cysteinyl-aurothiomalate adduct with the cysteine residue Cys-69 within the PB1 binding domain of PKCiota. This prevents the binding of Par6 (Partitioning defective protein 6) to PKCiota, thereby inhibiting PKCiota-mediated oncogenic signaling, which may r… |
Golidocitinib |
An orally available inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, golidocitinib inhibits JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Additionally, JAK1 may be a primary driver… |
Golnerminogene Pradenovec |
A recombinant agent consisting of a genetically-modified adenovirus 5 vector encoding the protein cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. TNF exhibits potent anti-tumor cytolytic properties; the adenovirus 5 vector efficiently infects tumor cells, delivering tumor-specific TNF. |
Golotimod |
An orally bioavailable synthetic peptide containing the amino acids D-glutamine and L-tryptophan connected by a gamma-glutamyl linkage with potential immunostimulating, antimicrobial and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, golotimod appears to inhibit the expression of STAT-3, reversing immunosuppression and stimulating an anti-tumor immune response. This agent may stimulate the production of T-lymphocytes, in particular the helper T (Th1) cells, acti… |
Golvatinib |
An orally bioavailable dual kinase inhibitor of c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) and VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met/VEGFR kinase inhibitor E7050 binds to and inhibits the activities of both c-Met and VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor cell growth and survival of tumor cells that overexpress these receptor tyrosine kinases. c-Met and VEGFR-2 are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play i… |
Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Analog |
A synthetic analogue of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GnRH analogue mimics endogenous GnRH and strongly binds to and activates pituitary GnRH receptors, which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropic hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Continuous, prolonged activation by the GnRH analogue results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and re… |
Gorilla-derived Adenovirus-expressing HPV-16/18 E6/E7 Vaccine |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient gorilla-derived adenovirus encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 E6/E7 antigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of gorilla-derived adenovirus expressing HPV-16/18 E6/E7 vaccine PRGN-2009, the adenovirus infects and expresses the HPV-16/18 E6/E7 proteins. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to produce antigen-s… |
Gorilla-derived Adenovirus-expressing HPV-6/11 Vaccine PRGN-2012 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) cancer vaccine comprised of a genetically engineered, replication-deficient gorilla-derived adenovirus encoding human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of gorilla-derived adenovirus-expressing HPV-6/11 vaccine PRGN-2012, the adenovirus infects and expresses the HPV-6/11 proteins. The expressed proteins stimulate the host immune system to produce antigen-specific neutralizing antibodie… |
Goserelin |
A synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in a depot formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reducti… |
Goserelin Acetate |
The acetate salt of a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Continuous, prolonged administration of goserelin in males results in inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. (NCI04) |
Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01005 |
A long-acting, extended-release microsphere formulation of the acetate form of goserelin, a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Admi… |
Goserelin Acetate Extended-release Microspheres LY01022 |
A long-acting, extended-release (ER) microsphere formulation of the acetate form of goserelin, a synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of goserelin acetate ER microspheres LY01022, goserelin is released over an extended period of time and binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary go… |
Gossypol |
An orally-active polyphenolic aldehyde with potential antineoplastic activity. Derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, gossypol induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. This agent also inhibits cell-signaling enzymes, resulting in inhibition of cell growth, and may act as a male contraceptive. |
Gossypol Acetic Acid |
The naturally occurring acetic acid form of gossypol, and an orally available polyphenolic aldehyde derived mostly from cottonseed with potential antineoplastic activity. The biologic activities of gossypol acetic acid are similar to those of gossypol and include suppression of DNA replication, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and male contraceptive effects. (NCI04) |
Gotistobart |
A humanized, pH-sensitive immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4; CD152), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, gotistobart targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against ca… |
gp100 Adenovirus Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus that encodes the melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp100) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with gp100 adenovirus vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the gp100 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
gp100 Antigen |
A melanoma-associated antigen. When administered in a vaccine formulation, gp100 antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell HLA-A2.1-restricted immune response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. (NCI04) |
gp100 Human Melanoma Peptide Vaccine with Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant |
A vaccine consisting of synthetic glycoprotein 100 (gp100) melanoma antigen and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA), an emulsifying agent and immune system stimulant, with antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with gp100 human melanoma peptide vaccine with IFA may stimulate the host immune system to direct cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against gp100 positive melanoma cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
gp100:154-162 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide consisting of amino acid residues 154 through 162 of the melanoma-melanocyte antigen gp100. Vaccination with gp100:154-162 peptide may enhance tumor-specific T-cell immunity. gp100 antigen is a self-antigen expressed by melanocytes, pigmented retinal cells, and most melanoma lesions and is recognized via class I and II HLA-restricted mechanisms. |
gp100:209-217(210M) Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide cancer vaccine consisting of amino acid residues 209 through 217 of the glycoprotein 100 (gp100) melanoma antigen, with a methionine substitution at position 210 designed to improve immunogenicity. Vaccination with gp100:209-217(210M) peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing gp100. |
gp100:280-288 Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of the amino acids 280 through 288 of the melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp100) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with gp100:280-288 peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the gp100 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
gp100:280-288(288V) Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of the amino acids 280 through 288 of the melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp100) with potential antineoplastic activity. gp100:280-288(288V) peptide has a valine substitution at amino acid position 288 to improve immunogenicity. Vaccination with gp100:280-288(288V) peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the gp100 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. |
gp100-Fowlpox Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding the melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp 100) with potential antineoplastic activity. The expression of gp100 may generate a cellular immune response to melanoma cells; this effect is enhanced by the co-administration of interleukin 2 (IL-2). (NCI04) |
GP2 Peptide/GM-CSF Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a HER2/Neu-derived epitope (amino acids 654-662) (GP2), and combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunoadjuvant activity. Upon vaccination, GP2 may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against HER2/Neu expressing cancer cells. GM-CSF may potentiate a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the HER2/Neu antigen. HE… |
gp209-2M Antigen |
A modified peptide antigen derived from gp209, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. gp209-2M antigen (IMDQVPFSV) has a methionine substitution of threonine at position 2 of gp209 peptide (ITDQVPFSV), which is the immunogenic epitope of human melanoma tumor glycoprotein gp100. Vaccination with this peptide may evoke a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expression of the gp100 antigen. |
GPC3-targeted Plasmid DNA Vaccine NWRD06 |
A plasmid DNA therapeutic cancer vaccine encoding glypican-3 (GPC3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of GPC3-targeted plasmid DNA vaccine NWRD06 and following electroporation, the plasmids enter the cells, and the cells express GPC3 and elicit a GPC3-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing GPC3. GPC3, a heparan sulfate proteoglycan and a member of the glypican family, is overexpressed… |
GPR35 Inhibitor CT3001 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of G-protein coupled receptor 35 (GPR35) and formulated with polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GPR35 inhibitor CT3001 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GPR35. As GPR35 promotes the activity of the transcription coactivators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), the inhibition of GPR35 decreases YAP/TAZ activity and prevents the … |
GPRC5D/BCMA/CD3-targeting T-cell Engager IBI3003 |
A T-cell engager (TCE) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GPRC5D/BCMA/CD3-targeting TCE IBI3003 binds to CD3 expressed on T-cells, and BCMA and GPRC5D expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells an… |
G-Quadruplex Stabilizer BMVC |
A carbazole derivative (3,6-bis[2-(1-methylpyridinium)vinyl]carbazole diiodide) that selectively targets to the G-quadruplex DNA structure, used as a fluorescent probe for cancer cytological diagnosis and with potential antitumor activity. G-quadruplex stabilizer BMVC, preferentially uptaken by cancer cells, binds to and stabilize the telomeric G-quadruplex structure at the end of DNA; when visualized with fluorescent imaging device, BMVC emits bright fluorescent light and can be used to diff… |
G-Quadruplex-selective Transcription Inhibitor QN-302 |
A naphthalene diimide (ND) derivative and selective G-quadruplex (G4) transcription inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, QN-302 targets and binds to highly stable G-quadruplex DNA sequences that are prevalent within the promoter regions of cancer-related genes, thereby further stabilizing these complexes. This stabilization prevents unwinding and inhibits transcription factor binding, which leads to an inhibition of target gene transcription and expression a… |
Grapiprant |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4 (EP4), with potential analgesic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of grapiprant, this agent selectively binds to and inhibits the binding of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prevents the activation of the EP4 receptor. This inhibits PGE2-EP4 receptor-mediated signaling and prevents proliferation in tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathway is over-activated. In addition, EP4 rec… |
Green Tea |
Tea derived from the dried leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis with potential antioxidant, chemopreventive, and lipid-lowering activities. Green tea contains polyphenols that are believed to be responsible for its chemopreventive effect. The polyphenol fraction contains mainly Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and other catechins, such as epicatechin (EC), gallocatechin gallate (GCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epicatechin gallate (ECG). Green tea polyphenols act as antioxidants and free r… |
Green Tea Extract |
A defined, decaffeinated green tea polyphenol mixture isolated from Camellia sinensis, a plant native to Asia, with antiviral and antioxidant activities and potential chemopreventive activity. Green tea extract contains antioxidant compounds, including flavonoids, vitamins and polyphenols such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which may have antineoplastic properties. Consumption of green tea extract may confer chemopreventive protection against various cancers including those of the pros… |
Green Tea Extract-based Antioxidant Supplement |
A dietary supplement containing a green tea extract including the catechin epigallocatechin gallate and other vitamins and antioxidants, with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. The polyphenols in green tea act as antioxidants and scavenge free radicals which may inhibit cellular oxidation and prevent free radical damage to cells. In addition, polyphenols may affect enzymes involved in cellular reproduction and tumor angiogenesis by modulating angiogenic factors. Other in… |
Green Tea/Licorice Extract-based Antioxidant Solution |
A nutritional supplement containing a variety of antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and amino acids, including glycyrrhizic acid, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), zinc, vitamins B5, B6 and B12, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), folic acid, malic acid, glucosamine, arginine, and glycine, with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, protective, and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the antioxidants in the solution modulate certain enzymes involved in inflammation and oxidative … |
Gresonitamab |
A half-life extended (HLE), bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, gresonitamab simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CLDN18.2-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This re… |
Gridegalutamide |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) degrader, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, gridegalutamide causes degradation of AR, prevents AR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). |
Gruticibart |
A humanized anti-factor XI (FXI) antibody, with potential anti-thrombotic activity. Upon administration, gruticibart targets and binds to the apple 2 domain of FXI, thereby preventing the binding of FXI to factor XIIa (FXIIa). This blocks factor XIIa-mediated FXI activation without inhibiting FXI activation by thrombin or the procoagulant function of FXIa. The abrogation of FXI activation prolongs the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and reduces platelet and fibrin accumulation. … |
GSK-3 Inhibitor LY2090314 |
An inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY2090314 binds to and inhibits GSK-3 in an ATP-competitive manner. This prevents GSK-3-mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin, which inhibits the subsequent ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of beta-catenin. This leads to the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. GSK-3, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a ke… |
GSPT1 MGD MRT-2359 |
An orally bioavailable selective molecular glue degrader (MGD) of the translational termination factor GSPT1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MRT-2359 targets and binds to GSPT1, thereby promoting complex formation between the E3 ubiquitin ligase component cereblon (CRBN) and GSPT1, and inducing GSPT1 degradation in a CRBN- and degron-dependent manner. This downregulates L-MYC and N-MYC, thereby disrupting MYC-driven protein translation and reducing MYC-oncog… |
Guadecitabine |
A dinucleotide antimetabolite composed of a decitabine linked via phosphodiester bond to a deoxyguanosine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following metabolic activation via cleavage of the phosphodiester bond and incorporation of the decitabine moiety into DNA, guadecitabine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, thereby causing non-specific, genome-wide hypomethylation, and induction of cell cycle arrest at S-phase. This agent is resistant to cytidine deaminase, which may result in gradual… |
Guanabenz Acetate |
The orally bioavailable, acetate salt form of guanabenz, a centrally-acting alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with anti-hypertensive and potential antineoplastic, cytoprotective and bone resorption inhibitory activities. Upon oral administration, guanabenz suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by inhibiting the stress-induced dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2a), thereby enhancing the phosphorylation level of eIF2a. This causes elF2a-mediated… |
Guarana Supplement |
An herbal supplement containing an extract from guarana (Paullinia cupana), a climbing plant of the Sapindaceae family which is native to the Amazon basin, with stimulant, antioxidant and potential chemoprotective activities. Guarana supplement contains various phytochemicals, including caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, tannins, saponins, catechins, epicatechins, proanthocyanidols and other compounds in minor concentrations. Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant and may reduce che… |
Gumarontinib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, gumarontinib targets and binds to the c-Met protein, thereby disrupting c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types and … |
Gunagratinib |
A small molecule pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,gunagratinib inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in various tumor cell types, may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation… |
Guretolimod |
A synthetic, small molecule, toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, guretolimod activates TLR7, resulting in type I interferon secretion and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated anti-tumor immune responses. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. |
Guselkumab |
An orally available, human, immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) kappa, monoclonal antibody directed against the p19 protein subunit of interleukin-23 (IL-23), with immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, guselkumab binds to the p19 subunit of IL-23, thereby blocking the binding of IL-23 to the IL-23 receptor. This inhibits IL-23-mediated signaling and the differentiation of CD4-positive T-cells into Th1 and Th17 cells. This prevents Th1- and Th17-mediated immune responses and inhibits the produc… |
Gusperimus Trihydrochloride |
A derivative of the antitumor antibiotic spergualin with immunosuppressant activity. Gusperimus inhibits the interleukin-2-stimulated maturation of T cells to the S and G2/M phases and the polarization of the T cells into IFN-gamma-secreting Th1 effector T cells, resulting in the inhibition of growth of activated naive CD4 T cells; this agent may suppress growth of certain T-cell leukemia cell lines. (NCI04) |
Gutolactone |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the plant Simaba guianensis with potential antineoplastic and antimalarial activities. (NCI04) |
H1299 Tumor Cell Lysate Vaccine |
A cell lysate derived from a lung cancer cell line, H1299, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the H1299 tumor cell lysate exposes the immune system to an undefined amount of tumor associated antigens (TAA), particularly cancer testis antigens (CTAs), which may result in the induction of both anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody-dependent responses against TAA-expressing cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. CTAs,… |
H3.3K27M-specific Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a peptide derived from histone H3.3 containing the amino acid substitution mutation lysine (Lys) 27-to-methionine (H3.3K27M), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the H3.3K27M-specific peptide vaccine, the immune system may exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against H3.3K27M-expressing tumor cells. The H3.3K27M mutation alters the methylation and acetylation profile of the histone H3 variant H3.3… |
H3K27M Long Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a twenty seven (27) amino acid long peptide derived from histone H3 containing the amino acid substitution mutation from lysine (Lys) to methionine (Met) at position 27 (H3K27M), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of the H3K27M long peptide vaccine, the immune system may exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against H3K27M-expressing tumor cells. H3K27M is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA… |
HAAH Lambda phage Vaccine SNS-301 |
A nanoparticle-based cancer vaccine composed of a neutralized bacteriophage Lambda construct that is genetically engineered to contain peptide fragments of human aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase (HAAH; ASPH) on its surface and are fused to the C-terminus of the head protein of phage lambda gpD, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. HAAH lambda phage vaccine SNS-301 also contains DNA fragments representing the phage CpG motif that activate the MHC class II pathwa… |
Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3 |
A suspension of nanoparticles containing inert inorganic hafnium oxide (HfO2) crystals with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of NBTXR3 in the tumor, the hafnium oxide-containing nanoparticles accumulate into the tumor cells. Subsequent application of radiation beams to the tumor tissue causes HfO2 particles to emit huge amounts of electrons. This results in the formation of free radicals within the tumor cells, which in turn causes targeted destruction of the cancer cells. Co… |
Halichondrin Analogue E7130 |
A halichondrin analogue derived from a marine sponge with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, halichondrin analogue E7130 may bind to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibit the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules, thereby inhibiting mitotic spindle assembly and inducing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. |
Halofuginone |
An orally-active quinazolinone alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Halofuginone interferes with the signaling pathway of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) and inhibits expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, thereby inhibiting collagen type I synthesis and inducing extracellular matrix degradation, resulting in inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor growth, or metastasis. |
Halofuginone Hydrobromide |
The hydrobromide salt of halofuginone, a semisynthetic quinazolinone alkaloid anticoccidial derived from the plant Dichroa febrifuga, with antifibrotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Halofuginone specifically inhibits collagen type I gene expression and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) gene expression, which may result in the suppression of angiogenesis, tumor stromal cell development, and tumor cell growth. These effects appear to be due to halofuginone-mediated inhibition of the… |
Haploidentical Natural Killer Cells K-NK002 |
A population of ex-vivo expanded and activated haploidentical donor-derived natural killer (NK) cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration prior to and following haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation, the haploidentical NK cells K-NK002 may induce an anti-tumor immune response and may exert cytotoxicity against tumor cells. |
HBV mRNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a mRNA delivery vector encapsulating messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding an unspecified antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the HBV mRNA vaccine, the mRNA delivery vector releases HBV mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce the HBV antigen. This results in the induction of antigen-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses again… |
HCV DNA Vaccine INO-8000 |
A multi-antigen DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural proteins 3 (NS3), 4A (NS4A), 4B (NS4B) and 5A (NS5A), with potential immunomodulating and cancer preventive activities. Administered via intramuscular injection followed by electroporation, cells transfected with the HCV DNA vaccine INO-8000 express the encoded HCV proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HCV-infected liver cells expressing the NS3, NS4A, NS4… |
HDAC Class I/IIb Inhibitor HG146 |
An orally available inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) classes I and IIb with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, HDAC I/IIb inhibitor HG146 selectively inhibits the catalytic activity of class I and IIb HDACs, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tu… |
HDAC Inhibitor MPT0E028 |
An orally bioavailable N-hydroxyacrylamide-derived inhibitor of both human pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes and the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HDAC inhibitor MPT0E028 selectively binds to and inhibits HDACs, which inhibits deacetylation of histone proteins and leads to the accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in both an induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective tra… |
HDAC Inhibitor OBP-801 |
An inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OBP-801 inhibits the activity of HDACs; this results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit p… |
HDAC Inhibitor REC-2282 |
An orally available phenylbutyrate-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, REC-2282 inhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, which inhibits tumor cel… |
HDAC/EGFR/HER2 Inhibitor CUDC-101 |
A multi-targeted, small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR/ErbB1), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 tyrosine kinase (HER2/neu or ErbB2) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC/EGFR/HER2 inhibitor CUDC-101 inhibits the activity of these three enzymes but the exact mechanism of action is presently unknown. This agent may help overcome resistance to inhibition of EGFR and Her2 through a simultaneous, synergist… |
HDAC6 Inhibitor KA2507 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 6 (HDAC6; HDAC-6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KA2507 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC6. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. Specifically, inhibition of HDAC6 prevents STAT3 activity, which leads to a reduction in programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression. Eventua… |
HDAC8 Inhibitor NBM-BMX |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 8 (HDAC8; HDAC-8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NBM-BMX targets and inhibits the activity of HDAC8. This results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, chromatin remodeling, and selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes, ultimately promoting cell-cycle arrest and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC8, a class 1 histone deacetylase, plays a key role in transcripti… |
HDM2 Inhibitor MK-8242 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human homolog of double minute 2 (HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HDM2 inhibitor MK-8242 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling. This induces p53-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 is a member of the RING fin… |
Heat Shock Factor 1 Pathway Inhibitor NXP800 |
An orally bioavailable fluorobisamide and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) pathway inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HSF1 pathway inhibitor NXP800 targets and inhibits the activity of the HSF1-regulated pathway, thereby preventing HSF1-mediated transcription. This inhibits proliferation, migration, survival, and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells, especially in AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A)-mutated cancer cells. HSF1, a stress-inducible transcr… |
Heat-treated bacterium Mycobacterium obuense IMM-101 |
A suspension of heat-killed Mycobacterium (M.) obuense, a non-pathogenic and naturally-occurring bacterium, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of heat-killed M. obuense IMM-101, the bacteria are able to activate the innate and adaptive immune system. Specifically, IMM-101 activates immature dendritic cells (DCs), which leads to the induction of a type-1 immune response (cDC1). This may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated i… |
Hec1/Nek2 Inhibitor T-1101 Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of T-1101, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of highly expressed in cancer 1 (Hec1) and NIMA-related kinase 2 (Nek2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, T-1101 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the interaction of Hec1 with Nek2. This prevents Hec1/Nek2-mediated signal transduction pathways, inhibits mitosis, induces apoptosis and tumor cell proliferation. Hec1, overexpressed in some cancers, is located at the centromere during cel… |
Hedgehog Inhibitor NLM-001 |
A Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Hh inhibitor NLM-001 targets the Hh pathway and disrupts the tumor microenvironment (TME) by decreasing cancer-associated fibroblasts and promoting immune cell infiltration into the TME. This may increase tumor penetration of chemotherapeutics and may enhance the activity of immunomodulating agents, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. Hh signaling overactivation may increas… |
Hemiasterlin Analog E7974 |
An analog of the sponge-derived anti-microtubule tripeptide hemiasterlin with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hemiasterlin analog E7974 binds to the Vinca domain on tubulin, resulting in inhibition of tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly; depolymerization of existing microtubules; inhibition of mitosis; and inhibition of cellular proliferation. This agent may have more affinity for the beta-3 tubulin isotype. |
Henatinib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of henatinib, an orally bioavalable, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor and antiangiogenic activities. Henatinib inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), a tyrosine kinase receptor upregulated in many tumor cells that plays a key role in angiogenesis. This may result in an inhibition of angiogenesis and eventually tumor cell proliferation. Henatinib, structurally similar to sunitinib, also inhibits, though to a l… |
Hepatitis B Virus Antisense Oligonucleotide AHB-137 |
An unconjugated antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting human hepatitis B virus (HBV), with potential antiviral activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, HBV ASO AHB-137 targets and binds to HBV messenger RNA (mRNA), thereby inhibiting the translation of HBV viral proteins. This may inhibit HBV replication. |
HER2 ECD+TM Virus-like Replicon Particles Vaccine AVX901 |
A cancer vaccine based on virus-like replicon particles (VRP) packaged with an alphaviral vector encoding the extracellular domain (ECD) and transmembrane (TM) regions of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2, NEU or HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. After immunization with HER2 ECD+TM virus-like replicon particles vaccine AVX901, the VRPs infect cells and express HER2 ECD+TM protein that may activate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) respon… |
HER2 Inhibitor CP-724,714 |
An orally bioavailable quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. CP-724,714 selectively binds to the intracellular domain of HER2, reversibly inhibiting its tyrosine kinase activity and resulting in suppression of tumor cell growth. HER2, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, is overexpressed in many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast cancers. (NCI04) |
HER2 Inhibitor DZD1516 |
An orally bioavailable, blood brain barrier (BBB) penetrable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor DZD1516 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an im… |
HER2 Inhibitor ELVN-002 |
An orally bioavailable, irreversible inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor ELVN-002 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2 and various HER2 mutants, including Exon 20 insertion mutations (E20IMs), while not inhibiting wild-type (WT) EGFR. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cell… |
HER2 Inhibitor IAM1363 |
An orally bioavailable, immediate release (IR) capsule formulation containing a selective and irreversible inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor IAM1363 selectively targets, irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of wild-type (WT) and various HER2 mutants. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death in HER2-expressing… |
HER2 Inhibitor SPH5030 |
An orally bioavailable, irreversible inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor SPH5030 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of wild-type and various HER2 mutants. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, pl… |
HER2 Inhibitor TAS0728 |
An orally available covalent inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor TAS0728 specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in HER2- and HER3 (ErbB3)-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated or overexpressed in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferati… |
HER2 Inhibitor ZN-A-1041 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 inhibitor ZN-A-1041 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed on a variety of tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell prolif… |
HER2 Mutant-selective Inhibitor NVL-330 |
An orally bioavailable mutant-selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HER2 mutant-selective inhibitor NVL-330 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of HER2 oncogenic alterations, including HER2 exon20 insertion mutations (exon20ins), HER2 activating point mutations, and amplified wild-type HER2. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death i… |
HER-2/neu Intracellular Domain Protein |
The cytoplasmic domain or intracellular domain (ICD) of the HER2/neu protein that exhibits tyrosine kinase activity. Based on sensitization theory, co-administration of trastuzumab (anti-HER-2/neu monoclonal antibody) and HER-2/neu intracellular domain protein may result in the potentiation of a HER2/neu-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells overexpressing the HER2/neu protein. HER-2/neu protein, a glycoprotein cell surface receptor that is composed of an extracel… |
HER-2/neu Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of peptides derived from the extracellular domain of the tumor-associated antigen Her-2/neu with potential antineoplastic activity. HER-2/neu peptide vaccine may induce antibodies with anti-tumor activity and may also elicit a specific CD8 T-cell response against specific tumor cell types. (NCI04) |
HER2/neu Peptide Vaccine GLSI-100 |
A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of the epitope GP2, a nine amino acid peptide (amino acids 654-662) derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu (ErbB-2) and the immune-adjuvant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the HER2/neu peptide vaccine GLSI-100, GP2 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the HE… |
HER-2/PD-L1-targeting CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-HER2/anti-PD-L1 CAR T-cells target and bind to HER2- and PD-L1-expressin… |
HER2Bi-Armed Activated T Cells |
Activated T cells (ATC) that have been coated with bispecific antibodies (BiAb), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. In vitro, T cells are activated through exposure to the anti-CD3 murine monoclonal antibody OKT3 and interleukin 2 for 14 days and then armed with anti-CD3 x anti-Her2 bispecific antibody (Her2Bi). Upon administration, HER2Bi-armed activated T cells attach to CD3-expressing T cells and HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells, selectively cross-linking T cells… |
HER-2-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen P467-DT-CRM197/Montanide Vaccine IMU-131 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a fusion peptide, composed of three peptides derived from the extracellular domain (ECD) of the HER2 peptide antigen found on B-cells (P4, P6 and P7; P467), conjugated to the carrier protein DT-CRM197, a non-toxic, mutated form of diphtheria toxin (DT), and combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA 51, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IMU-131 vaccine induces the production of polyclonal antibodies against … |
HER2-pulsed Autologous Type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous, type-1 polarized dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted HER-2-derived peptides, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Autologous DCs were treated with GM-CSF, interleukin-4, interferon-gamma and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toll-like receptor type 4 agonist, to produce highly polarized DCs (alphaDC1) that are capable of producing high levels of interleuki… |
HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274 |
A proprietary, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the HER2-targeted DARPin MP0274 binds to two distinct non-overlapping epitopes on HER2, thereby inhibiting the activity of HER2 and promotin… |
HER2-targeted Hypoxia-stimulated CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a hypoxia-stimulated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HER2-targeted hypoxia-stimulated CAR T cells target and bind to HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2 is over… |
HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride HF158K1 |
An antibody liposomal formulation containing the hydrochloride (HCl) salt form of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin encapsulated within liposomes which contains TL01, a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-directed trastuzumab Fab fragment conjugated lipid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin HCl HF158K1, the immunoliposome targets and binds to HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby allowing for spec… |
HER2-targeted Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride MM-302 |
An antibody-targeted lipidic nano-carrier containing the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin encapsulated within liposomes, and conjugated to a monoclonal antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride MM-302, the immunoliposome allows for specific delivery of doxorubicin to tumors overexpressing the HER2 receptor. Once inside the HER2-expressing t… |
HER2-targeting Antibody Fc Fragment FS102 |
A proprietary, antibody fragment composed of a constant (Fc) region that is engineered to bind to the tumor-associated antigen human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), with potential antineoplastic activity. HER2-targeted antibody Fc fragment FS102 specifically binds to its HER2 epitope, and causes downregulation of HER2-mediated signaling. This leads to tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) superfamily, is o… |
Herba Scutellaria Barbata |
A Chinese herb isolated from the plant Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) with potential antineoplastic activity. Containing the antioxidant flavone scutellarin, herba Scutellaria barbata has been shown to induce apoptosis of ovarian and breast tumor cells in vitro. |
Herbimycin |
A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. Herbimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be over-expressed or overactive in tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Heterodimeric Interleukin-15 |
A fusion protein complex composed of heterodimeric IL-15 (hetIL-15), which consists of a synthetic form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-15 chain (IL-15) complexed to the soluble IL-15 binding protein IL-15 receptor alpha chain (IL-15Ra) (IL15:sIL-15Ra), with potential immunomodulatory, anti-infective and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hetIL-15 binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbeta-gamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocytes, w… |
Hexamethylene Bisacetamide |
A hybrid polar-planar compound with potential antineoplastic activity that induces terminal differentiation, inhibits cell growth, and causes apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. Its precise mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04) |
Hexaminolevulinate |
The hexyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with photodynamic properties. As a precursor of photoactive porphorins, hexyl 5-aminolevulinate induces the endogenous production of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) which accumulates selectively in tumor tissue. When exposed to specific wavelengths of light, PPIX is activated and, depending on the wavelength and/or intensity of light, either fluoresces, thereby allowing tumor imaging, or induces tumor cell apoptosis. |
Hexylresorcinol |
A substituted phenol with bactericidal, antihelminthic and potential antineoplastic activities. Hexylresorcinol is used as an antiseptic in mouthwashes and skin wound cleansers. Hexylresorcinol may also inhibit oxidative DNA damage by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, which facilitate scavenging reactive oxygen molecules by glutathione (GSH). |
HIF-1alpha Inhibitor PX-478 |
An orally active small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, HIF1-alpha inhibitor PX-478 appears to inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) expression, which may result in decreased expression of HIF1A downstream target genes important to tumor growth and survival, a reduction in tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The inhibitory effect of this agent is independent of the tumo… |
HIF2alpha Inhibitor DFF332 |
An inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor DFF332 targets and binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of HIF-2alpha-expressing tumor cells. HIF… |
HIF-2alpha Inhibitor HS-10516 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor HS-10516 targets and binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of HIF-2alpha-… |
HIF2-alpha Inhibitor NKT2152 |
An orally available inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor NKT2152 targets and binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of HIF-2alpha-expr… |
HIF-2alpha Inhibitor PT2385 |
An orally active, small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2alpha, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, HIF-2alpha inhibitor PT2385 allosterically binds to HIF-2alpha, thereby preventing HIF-2alpha heterodimerization and its subsequent binding to DNA. This results in decreased transcription and expression of HIF-2alpha downstream target genes, many of which regulate tumor cell growth and survival. Blocking HIF-2alpha reduces the proliferation of … |
High-Selenium Brassica juncea |
A formulation of the mustard plant Brassica juncea grown in a medium that has been enriched with the trace element selenium with potential chemopreventive and chemopotentiating activities. Brassica juncea hyperaccumulates trace elements in soil. Selenium amino acid species found in selenized Brassica juncea include methylselenomethionine (MeSeMet) and methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys); both may be incorporated into selenoproteins in vivo. Selenium functions as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes … |
Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase EZH2 Inhibitor GSK2816126 |
A small molecule selective and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) competitive inhibitor of histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 inhibitor GSK2816126 inhibits the activity of EZH2 and specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased tumor cell prolifer… |
Histrelin Acetate |
The acetate salt form of histrelin, a long-acting, synthetic nonapeptide analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, histrelin binds to and activates GnRH receptors; prolonged administration results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, leading to a significant decline in testosterone production in males and may inhibit androgen recepto… |
HLA-A*0201 Restricted TERT(572Y)/TERT(572) Peptides Vaccine Vx-001 |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of two human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 restricted 9-mer epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), TERT 572Y (YLFFYRKSV; TYR-Vx001) and TERT 572 (RLFFYRKSV; ARG-Vx001), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Subcutaneous injection of TERT(572Y) peptide followed by subcutaneous administration of the TERT(572) peptide may elicit a specific and possibly optimal cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response a… |
HLA-A*0201-restricted TRP2-gp100-EphA2-HER2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing four HLA-A0201-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Vaccine peptide epitopes are derived from the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2), glycoprotein 100 (gp100), Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Upon administration, HLA-A0201-restricted TRp2-gp100-EphA2-HER2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response agai… |
HLA-A*0201-Restricted URLC10-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing three HLA-A0201-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory, antiangiogenic, and antitumor activities. Vaccine peptide epitopes are derived from the tumor associated antigen (TAA) URLC (up-regulated in lung cancer 10) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1 and 2. Upon administration, HLA-A0201-restricted URLC10-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URLC10-expressing tu… |
HLA-A*0201-Restricted VEGFR1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing an HLA-A0201-restricted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) peptide (sequence: TLFWLLLTL) with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, HLA-A0201-restricted VEGFR1-derived peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing VEGFR1, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth. HLA-A*0201 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to C… |
HLA-A*0201-Restricted VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing two HLA-A0201-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from: vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1 and 2. Upon administration, HLA-A0201-restricted VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing VEGFR 1 and 2 peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth. HLA-A*020… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted CDCA1-A24-56 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing the HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitope derived from cell division associated gene 1 (CDCA1), with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted CDCA1-A24-56 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CDCA1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. HLA-A*2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to CD8+ T… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted CDCA1-KIF20A Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing two HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes derived from cancer-testis antigens with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. The peptide epitopes are derived from cell division associated 1 (CDCA1) and kinesin-like family member 20A (KIF20A). Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted CDCA1-KIF20A multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CDCA1- and KIF20A-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis an… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted CDCA1-URLC10-KIF20A-DEPDC1-MPHOSPH1 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing five HLA-A*2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from CDCA1 (cell division cycle-associated protein 1), URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10), KIF20A (kinesin-like family member 20A), DEPDC1 (DEP domain containing 1), and MPHOSPH1 (M phase phosphoprotein 1). Upon administration, this peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CDCA1-,U… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted KOC1-TTK-CO16-DEPDC1-MPHOSPH1 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing five HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from IGF II mRNA binding protein 3 (KOC1); TTK protein kinase (TTK); URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10); DEP domain containing 1 (DEPDC1); and M phase phosphoprotein 1 (MPHOSPH1). Upon administration, HLA-A2404-restricted KOC1-TTK-CO16-DEPDC1-MPHOSPH1 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) … |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted Multipeptide Vaccine S-488410 |
A cancer vaccine composed of HLA-2402-restricted epitopic peptides derived from three cancer/testis (CT) antigens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, HLA-A2402-restricted multipeptide vaccine S-488410 may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these CT antigens. CT antigens, normally expressed only in germ cells of the testis, are overexpressed in a wide variety of human cancers. |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10 Peptides Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing HLA-A2402-restricted epitope peptides URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted URLC10 peptides vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URLC10-expressing tumor cells. URLC10, a tumor associated antigen, is often overexpressed in lung, esophageal and gastric cancers. HLA-A*2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptide… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10-CDCA1-KIF20A Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing three HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes derived from cancer-testis antigens with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. The peptide epitopes are derived from up-regulated lung cancer 10 (URLC10); cell division cycle associated 1 (CDCA1); and kinesin-like family member 20A (KIF20A). Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted URLC10-CDCA1-KIF20A multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URL10-, CDCA1-, and … |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10-CDCA1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing four HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. The peptide epitopes are derived from URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10); CDCA1 (cell division associated 1); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2. Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted URLC10-CDCA1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URL10-, CDCA1-, VEGFR1- and VEGFR2… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10-KOC1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing four HLA-A*2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10 or CO16); KOC1 (IGF II mRNA Binding Protein 3); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2. Upon administration, this multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URL10-, KOC1-, VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing tumor cells… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10-TTK-KOC1 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing three HLA-A*2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10); TTK (TTK protein kinase); and KOC1 (IGF II mRNA Binding Protein 3). Upon administration, URLC10-TTK-KOC1 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing URLC10, TTK and KOC1 peptides, resulting in tumor cell lysis and d… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted URLC10-TTK-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vacine containing four HLA-A*2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from: URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10), TTK (TTK protein kinase), and VEGFRs (vascular endothelial growth factor receptors) 1 and 2. Upon administration, URLC10-TTK-KOC1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing URLC10, TTK, VEGFR 1 and 2 p… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted VEGFR1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing the HLA-A2402-restricted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) peptide epitope with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, HLA-A2402-restricted VEGFR1 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing VEGFR 1 peptide, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth. HLA-A*2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presents antigenic peptides to CD8+ T cells;… |
HLA-A*2402-Restricted VEGFR1/2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing two HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2. Upon administration, this peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against VEGFR1- and VEGFR2-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis and decreased tumor growth. HLA-A2402 is an MHC class I molecule that presen… |
HLA-A*2404-Restricted RNF43-TOMM34-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing four HLA-A2402-restricted peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from ring finger protein 43 (RNF43); translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 34 (TOMM34); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1 and 2. Upon administration, HLA-A2404-restricted RNF43-TOMM34-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor ce… |
HLA-A1, A2, B35-Restricted Survivin Peptides/Montanide ISA-51 Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine comprised of synthetic HLA-A1, -A2 and -B35 restricted survivin epitopes combined with the adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HLA-A1, A2, B35-restricted survivin peptides/Montanide ISA-51 vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells that overexpress survivin, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Montanide ISA-51, also known as incomplete Freund’s adjuvant or IFA, is a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion adju… |
HLA-A1-Binding MAGE-1/MAGE-3 Multipeptide-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A1-binding melanoma-associated antigen peptides MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, HLA-A1-binding MAGE-1/MAGE-3 multipeptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against MAGE1- and MAGE-3-expressing can… |
HLA-A2, A3-Restricted FGF-5 Peptides/Montanide ISA-51 Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine comprised of synthetic HLA-A2- and HLA-A3-binding peptides, derived from amino acid sequences of fibroblast growth factor-5 (FGF-5), combined with the adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 with potential antineoplastic activity. HLA-A2, A3-restricted FGF-5 peptides contain motifs recognized by the MHC class I molecules HLA-A2 and HLA-A3 and may stimulate a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that overexpress FGF-5. Montanide ISA-51, a stabilized water-in-oil emulsion adjuvant … |
HLA-A2-Binding TYR/MART-1/gp100 Multipeptide-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted melanoma-associated antigen peptides tyrosinase (TYR), MART-1(melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells) and melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (gp100), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, HLA-A2-binding TYR/MART-1/gp100 multipeptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount an anti-… |
HLA-A2-restricted IL-13Ra2/EphA2/Survivin/Tetanus Toxoid T-helper Epitopes-Montanide 51 Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine comprised of synthetic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) interleukin-13 receptor alpha-2 (IL-13Ra2), the tyrosine kinase receptor Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), and the apoptosis inhibitor protein survivin, combined with the adjuvant tetanus toxoid (TT)-derived helper T-cell peptide, and emulsified in the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA-51, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Specifica… |
HLA-A2-restricted Melanoma-specific Peptides Vaccine GRN-1201 |
A cancer peptide vaccine composed of four human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (HLA-A*02)-restricted peptides derived from four specific and separate tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by melanoma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the HLA-A2-restricted melanoma-specific peptides vaccine, the melanoma specific antigens in the vaccine activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the HLA-A2-positive melanoma cells. |
HLA-A2-Restricted Synthetic Glioma Antigen Peptides Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide cancer vaccine consisting of HLA-A2-restricted peptides derived from glioma-associated antigens (GAA) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HLA-A2-restricted synthetic glioma antigen peptides vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the corresponding GAAs, resulting in glioma tumor cell lysis. HLA-A2 is an MHC class I molecule that presents ant… |
HLA-B44-Restricted MAGE-3 Peptide |
A peptide comprised of the synthetic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B44-binding peptides derived from amino acid sequences of MAGE-3 with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination with HLA-B44-restricted MAGE-3 peptide may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-3. MAGE-3 is an antigen found on many tumor cell types, including melanoma and lung, prostate, colon, thyroid, and breast cancers. |
HLA-B44-Restricted Tyrosinase Peptide |
A synthetic peptide consisting of synthetic human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B44-binding peptides derived from amino acid sequences of the melanoma-associated enzyme tyrosinase with potential antitumor activity. Vaccination with HLA-B44-restricted tyrosinase peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth and cell lysis. |
HLA-DP0401/0402-Restricted MAGE-A3-Reactive T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T Cells |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DP0401/0402-restricted, melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential antineoplastic activity. CD4-positive cells are isolated from a patient, transduced with an anti-MAGE-A3-DP0401/0402 restricted TCR, expanded ex vivo, and reintroduced into the HLA-DP0401/0402 positive patient. Then, the HLA-DP0401/0402-restricted, MAGE-A3-reactive TCR-transduced… |
HM2/MMAE Antibody-Drug Conjugate ALT-P7 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the trastuzumab biobetter HM2 conjugated, in a site-specific manner, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ALT-P7, the antibody moiety targets and binds to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the MMAE moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhib… |
HMGB1 Inhibitor SB17170 |
An orally bioavailable prodrug of SB1703, a small molecule inhibitor of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, SB17170 is converted to its active metabolite SB1703. SB1703 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of HMGB1. This inhibits HMGB1-mediated activation of immune-suppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby halting MDSC-mediated immunosupp… |
Hodgkin’s Antigens-GM-CSF-Expressing Cell Vaccine |
An allogeneic vaccine consisting of Hodgkin lymphoma cells transfected with the granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, Hodgkin antigens-GM-CSF-expressing cell vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against Hodgkin lymphoma-associated antigens, which may result in the lysis of tumor cells expressing these antigens. In addition, transfected Hodgkin lymphoma cells secrete GM-CSF, which… |
Holmium Ho 166 Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres |
Holmium Ho166 containing poly l-lactic acid (PLA) microspheres with potential antineoplastic actvity. Upon intra-arterial hepatic administration of holmium 166 microspheres, this agent is able to emit both beta particles direct killing cells and gamma photons for nuclear imaging. In addition, since holmium 166 is paramagnetic, this agent can be used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). |
Hpk1 Inhibitor BB3008 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor BB3008 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (TCR)… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor BGB-15025 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase-1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor BGB-15025 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (T… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor BGB-26808 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor BGB-26808 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (T… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor CFI-402411 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase-1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor CFI-402411 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits the proliferation of Hpk1-expressing tumor cells. In addition, CFI-402411 prevents Hpk1-me… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor FB849 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor FB849 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (TCR) … |
Hpk1 Inhibitor GRC 54276 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor GRC 54276 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T ce… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor NDI-101150 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor NDI-101150 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (… |
Hpk1 Inhibitor PF-07265028 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor PF-07265028 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors … |
Hpk1 Inhibitor PRJ1-3024 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine enzyme hematopoietic progenitor kinase-1 (Hpk1; Hpk-1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1; MAP4K1; MEKKK1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Hpk1 inhibitor PRJ1-3024 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Hpk1. This inhibits Hpk1-mediated signaling pathways and prevents Hpk1-mediated immunosuppression by preventing the inhibition of T cell receptors (T… |
HPPH |
A lipophilic, second-generation, chlorin-based photosensitizer. Upon intravenous administration, HPPH selectively accumulates in the cytoplasm of cancer or pre-cancerous cells. When laser light is applied, a photodynamic reaction between HPPH and oxygen occurs, resulting in the production of cytotoxic free radicals and singlet oxygen and free radical-mediated cell death. Compared to the first-generation photosensitizer porfimer sodium, HPPH shows improved pharmacokinetic properties and causes… |
HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-202 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of replication-attenuated arenavirus encoding the inactivated fusion protein of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype 16, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV 16 E6/E7-encoding arenavirus vaccine HB-202 induces expression of the E6/E7 proteins and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6… |
HPV 16 E7 Antigen-expressing Lactobacillis casei Vaccine BLS-ILB-E710c |
An orally available Lactobacillis casei (L. casei)-based vaccine expressing the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 isoform E7 protein linked to the poly-gamma-glutamate synthetase complex gene pgsA, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon oral administration, the expressed HPV 16 E7 may stimulate the immune system to mount a mucosal cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HPV 16 E7-expressing tumor cells. The poly-glutamic acid synthetase PgsA from Bacillus subtilis acts as an a… |
HPV 16 E7:12-20 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide based vaccine consisting of amino acids 12 through 20 of the E7 gene of the Human Papilloma Virus type 16. HPV-16 E7 12-20 peptide vaccine may elicit a specific CD8 T-cell response to the E7 oncogene protein, thereby inhibiting the abrogation of p53 and pRb function and thus prevent tumorigenesis. (NCI04) |
HPV 16 E7:86-93 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide vaccine consisting of amino acids 86 through 93 (TLGIVCPI) of the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7. Vaccination with HPV-16 E7:86-93 peptide, which binds to HLA-A* 0201 molecule, may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for HPV-16 E7. |
HPV 16/18 E6/E7 DNA Vaccine pBI-11 |
A therapeutic codon-optimized DNA vaccine encoding for the E6 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the HPV 16/18 E6/E7 DNA vaccine pBI-11 expresses the HPV 16/18 E6/E7 fusion protein which may elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the HPV 16/18 E6 and E7 oncoproteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV type 16 and 18 are the most c… |
HPV 16/18 E6/E7/HSP70 Plasmid DNA Prime Vaccine pBI-11/HPV 16/18 E6/E7 Vaccinia Boost Vaccine TA-HPV PVX7 |
A therapeutic prime/boost cancer vaccine consisting of PVX7, which is a combination of two vaccines: the pBI-11 prime vaccine, a therapeutic codon-optimized plasmid DNA vaccine encoding for the E6 and E7 oncoproteins of the human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 (HPV16) and 18 (HPV18) fused with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and the HPV tumor antigen (TA-HPV) boost vaccine, a recombinant vaccinia viral vector-based vaccine encoding epitopes of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18,… |
HPV 16/18 E6/E7-encoding Lentiviral Vector-based Vaccine Lenti-HPV-07 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a non-integrative lentiviral vector encoding the detoxified forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18 viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV 16/18 E6/E7-encoding lentiviral vector-based vaccine Lenti-HPV-07 may elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the HPV 16/18 E6 and E7 oncoproteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. H… |
HPV E6/E7 DNA Vaccine GX-188E |
A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding the E6/E7 fusion protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes 16 and 18, plus the immune-enhancer, Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (FLT3L), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. DNA vaccine GX-188E is administered using a proprietary delivery system that electroporates the vaccine into cervical cells. Expression of the E6/E7 fusion product may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cervical cancer cells expressin… |
HPV E6/E7-encoding Arenavirus Vaccine HB-201 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a replication-attenuated arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) encoding the inactivated fusion protein of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotype 16, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, HPV E6/E7-encoding arenavirus vaccine HB-201 induces expression of the E6/E7 proteins and stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) respons… |
HPV Types 16/18 E6/E7-Adenoviral Transduced Autologous Lymphocytes/alpha-Galactosylceramide Vaccine BVAC-C |
An immunotherapeutic vaccine composed of the immunoadjuvant alpha-galactosylceramide (a-GC) and autologous antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically B-lymphocytes and monocytes transfected with an adenoviral vector that expresses the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) E6 and E7 derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 (HPV-16/18 E6/E7), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of BVAC-C, the APCs stimulate the immune system to mount … |
HPV-16 E6 Peptides Vaccine/Candida albicans Extract |
A human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 vaccine containing four E6 peptides in combination with an extract of Candida albicans, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of HPV-16 E6 peptides vaccine/Candida albicans extract, the four HPV-16 E6 peptides and the Candida albicans may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the E6 oncoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The HPV 16 transforming … |
HPV16 E6/7 mRNA Vaccine BNT113 |
A RNA-lipoplex (RNA-LIP)-based cancer vaccine containing messenger RNA (RNA) encoding for the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) oncoproteins E6 and E7, encapsulated in liposomes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the HPV16 E6/7 mRNA vaccine BNT113, the liposomes protect the RNA from degradation in the bloodstream, travel to the spleen and are taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), especially dendritic cells (DCs). The R… |
HPV-16 E7 TCR Expressing T-cells |
A preparation of allogeneic, genetically engineered T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector MSGV1 that encodes a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting a specific epitope of the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E7 (HPV-16 E7 TCR), with potential antineoplastic activity. The TCR especially recognizes and binds with high affinity to the HPV 16 E7 11-19 epitope. Upon administration, HPV-16 E7 expressing T-cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing the HPV-16 E7 antigen lead… |
HPV16 E7-specific HLA-A*02:01-restricted IgG1-Fc Fusion Protein CUE-101 |
A fusion protein composed of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, HLA-A*0201, with a peptide epitope derived from the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E7 protein (amino acid residues 11-20), a reduced affinity human interleukin-2 (IL-2) variant, and an effector attenuated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, CUE-101 targets and selectively binds to E7-specific CD8-positive T-cells present in pati… |
HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein Vaccine TA-CIN |
A recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV), genetically engineered fusion protein vaccine in which the three HPV16 viral proteins L2, E6 and E7 are fused together in a single tandem fusion protein (TA-CIN; HPV16 L2\E6\E7), with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV16 L2\E6\E7 fusion protein vaccine TA-CIN may stimulate the immune system to generate HPV16 E6\E7-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses as well as the induction of L2-specific antibodies…. |
HPV16 RG1 VLP Vaccine |
A monovalent chimeric human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particles (VLPs)-based vaccine containing the epitope RG1, which is comprised of amino acids 17-36 of the minor capsid protein (L2) of HPV type 16 (HPV16), which is incorporated, in a repetitive and close manner, into the DE surface loop of the HPV16 major capsid protein (L1) VLP backbone (HPV16 L1-VLP), that can potentially be used for active immunization against various types of HPV. Upon administration, the HPV16 RG1 VLP vaccine a… |
HPV6/11-targeted DNA Plasmid Vaccine INO-3107 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus subtype 6 (HPV-6) and 11 (HPV-11), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular electroporation, the HPV-6/11-targeted DNA plasmid vaccine INO-3107 expresses the HPV-6/11 E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are expressing HPV6 and/or HPV11 E6 and E7 proteins, resulting in tumor cell lys… |
HPV-6-targeting Immunotherapeutic Vaccine INO-3106 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the E6 and E7 genes of human papilloma virus subtype 6 (HPV-6), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, HPV-6-targeting immunotherapeutic vaccine INO-3106 expresses the HPV-6 E6 and E7 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are expressing those proteins, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HPV-6 infections are associated with aer… |
H-ras Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide ISIS 2503 |
A synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide. Functioning as an anti-sense agent, it hybridizes to the translation initiation region of the human mRNA for the oncogene H-Ras. ISIS 2503 selectively inhibits the expression of H-Ras, and may inhibit the growth of some Ras-dependent tumor cells. (NCI04) |
HSD-1 Inhibitor SPI-62 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11b-HSD1; 11bHSD1; HSD11B1; HSD1; HSD-1), with potential protective activity for disorders of corticosteroid excess. Upon oral administration, HSD-1 inhibitor SPI-62 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of HSD-1. This prevents the conversion of cortisone to the active hormone cortisol and thereby preventing the activation of the glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). By blocking cortisol pr… |
Hsp70-peptide TKD/IL-2-activated Autologous Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of autologous natural killer (NK) cells that are stimulated ex vivo by a 14-mer heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) TKD peptide and interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential tumor-selective cytolytic activity. Upon re-infusion into the patient, the treated NK cells recognize and bind to Hsp70-expressing tumor cells, which induces NK-mediated tumor cell lysis. Hsp70, a membrane-bound, stress-inducible protein, is overexpressed on almost all tumor cells; however, it is absent or minimally pr… |
Hsp90 Antagonist KW-2478 |
An agent that targets the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 antagonist KW-2478 appears to inhibit Hsp90, resulting in impaired signal transduction, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as HER2/ERBB2, AKT, RAF1, BCR-A… |
HSP90 Inhibitor |
Any agent that inhibits heat shock protein (Hsp) 90. |
Hsp90 Inhibitor AB-010 |
An orally bioavailable nanoparticle albumin-bound inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor AB-010 selectively binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This agent may inhibit the growth of a wide variety of cancer cell types; the incorporation of albumin into its formulation may facilitate its endothelial transcytosi… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB021 |
An orally active inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with potential antineoplastic activity. HSP90, a chaperon protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. HSP90 inhibitor BIIB021 specifically blocks active HSP90, thereby inhibiting its chaperon function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. As a result, CNF2024 has the potential to … |
Hsp90 Inhibitor BIIB028 |
A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor BIIB028 blocks the binding of oncogenic client proteins to Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of these proteins and so the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation of oncogenic signaling proteins, such as Her2/Erbb2, Akt, Raf1, Bcr-Abl, and mutated p53, in addition to other mol… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor Debio 0932 |
An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Debio 0932 specifically blocks Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of its client proteins, many of which are oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, re… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor DS-2248 |
An orally active and small molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hsp90 inhibitor DS-2248 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell type… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor HSP990 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor Hsp990 binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, is a molecular chaperone that plays a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of oncogenic sign… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor LAM-003 |
An L-alanine ester prodrug of LAM-003A, an orally bioavailable, synthetic, second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LAM-003 is converted to LAM-003A. LAM-003A selectively targets and binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may inhibit the growth and survival … |
Hsp90 Inhibitor LAM-003A |
An orally bioavailable, synthetic, second-generation small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor LAM-003A selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; this agent may inhibit the growth and survival of a wide variety of cancer cell types. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor MPT0B640 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hsp90 inhibitor MPT0B640 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulate… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor NVP-BEP800 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-BEP800 specifically binds to the NH(2)-terminal ATP-binding pocket of Hsp90 and specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival, including ErbB2, B-Raf(V600E), Raf-1, and Akt. This prevents oncogenic path… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5422 Mesylate |
The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5422 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates more readily in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor … |
Hsp90 Inhibitor SNX-5542 Mesylate |
The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of a synthetic prodrug targeting the human heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Hsp90 inhibitor SNX-5542 is rapidly converted to SNX-2112, which accumulates in tumors relative to normal tissues. SNX-2112 inhibits Hsp90, which may result in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, including HER2/ERBB2, and the inhibition of tumor cell prolifer… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor TQB3474 |
An inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Hsp90 inhibitor TQB3474 specifically blocks Hsp90, which inhibits its chaperone function and promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradati… |
Hsp90 Inhibitor XL888 |
An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Hsp90 inhibitor XL888 specifically binds to Hsp90, inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival; inhibition of tumor cell proliferation may result. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the fo… |
HSP90 Peptide Vaccine AST-021p |
A cancer vaccine containing a peptide antigen derived from a specific protein heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) generated by tumor cells, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the HSP90 peptide vaccine may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against HSP90-expressing tumor cells. Hsp90, a chaperone complex protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types, regulates the folding and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. |
Hsp90-targeted Photosensitizer HS-201 |
A conjugate consisting of a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor connected via a linker to verteporfin, a photosensitizing agent, with potential imaging, photodynamic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the Hsp90 inhibitor moiety of HS-201 selectively binds to the Hsp90 ATP binding domain in tumor cells and HS-201 accumulates in tumor cells. The verteporfin moiety of HS-201 allows for visualization and photodynamic therapy of the tumors. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulat… |
HSV- thymidine Kinase-m2/hGM-CSF Genes-encoding GEN2 |
A gene therapy agent composed of a vector expressing a mutated form of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene and the human cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the HSV-thymidine kinase-m2/hGM-CSF genes-encoding GEN2 selectively infects tumor cells and expresses HSV-tk-m2 and GM-CSF. Subsequent administration of a synthetic acyclic guanosine analog, such as… |
HSV-TK-Transduced Donor Lymphocytes |
A preparation of donor lymphocytes transduced with the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) with potential immunomodulating activity. Administration of HSV-TK-transduced lymphocytes after T cell-depleted allogeneic stem cell transplantation allows an early controllable immune reconstitution, which takes advantage of the antitumor effect of donor lymphocytes and helps to mitigate the risk of post-transplant opportunistic infection. To control graft-versus-host disease (G… |
hTERT I540/R572Y/D988Y Multipeptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of multiple epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. hTERT I540/R572Y/D988Y multipeptide vaccine contains strongly antigenic peptide epitopes I540 (9-mer), R572Y (9-mer) and D988Y (10-mer). Vaccination with this agent may elicit a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells. Directly linked to tum… |
hTERT mRNA/Survivin Peptide-double-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are pulsed with mRNA encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin peptide, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT mRNA/survivin peptide-double-loaded autologous dendritic cell vaccine may elicit an immune response against cancer cells expressing hTERT and survivin by activating cytotoxic T-cells (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs), and B-lymphocytes. The… |
hTERT Multipeptide/Montanide ISA-51 VG/Imiquimod Vaccine GX 301 |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine consisting of four epitopes derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, including hTERT (540-548) acetate, hTERT (611-626) acetate, hTERT (672-686) acetate and hTERT (766-780) acetate, emulsified individually in the adjuvant montanide ISA-51 VG and administered with the immune response modifier (IRM) imiquimod, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Each hTERT peptide emulsion… |
hTERT Vaccine V934/V935 |
A cancer vaccine directed against human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT vaccine V934/V935 may elicit a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell death. Telomerase is involved in the restoration and maintenance of telomere length and so the functional lifespan of cells. Abnormally reactiva… |
hTERT/Survivin/CMV Multipeptide Vaccine |
A vaccine containing multiple peptides derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), survivin and cytomegalovirus (CMV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT/survivin/CMV multipeptide vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response against tumor cells espressing hTERT, survivin and CMV. hTERT, the catalytic subunit of telomerase, and the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family member survivin, both often upregulated in … |
hTERT/Survivin/Melanoma Tumor Cell-Derived mRNA-Transfected Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing dendritic cells (DCs) that are transfected with messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin in addition to patient-specific melanoma-derived mRNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, hTERT/survivin/melanoma tumor cell-derived mRNA-transfected dendritic cell vaccine may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against melanoma cells expressing hTERT, survivi… |
hTERT-encoding DNA Vaccine INVAC-1 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a modified, inactive form of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), the catalytic subunit of human telomerase which synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, fused to ubiquitin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INVAC-1 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to mount a cytotoxic… |
HuaChanSu |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing a water soluble Bufo toad skin extract that includes the cardiac glycosides bufalin, cinobufagin and resibufogenin with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action of this TCM has yet to be fully elucidated, huachansu, which may be administered in an injectable form, may induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, while inducing… |
Huaier Extract Granule |
An orally bioavailable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) composed of a granule containing an aqueous extract of Trametes robiniophila murr (Huaier), a mushroom found on hardwood tree trunks, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action through which Huaier exerts its effects is largely unknown, upon administration, this agent induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibits proliferation and migration of susceptible cancer cells th… |
Huang Lian |
A Chinese herb of a desiccated root from the plant Coptis chinensis. Although the mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, Huang Lian has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal activities. In addition, this herb exhibits antioxidant property that influences positively on lipid metabolism, cause dilation of blood vessels, and may slow the growth of tumor cells. This herb contains rich amount of phytogens, such as berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, columbamine, geniposide, an… |
huBC1-huIL12 Fusion Protein AS1409 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of the anti-tumor cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to the tumor-targeting antibody BC1 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The antibody moiety of huBC1-huIL12 fusion protein AS1409 binds to the human fibronectin splice variant ED-B, delivering IL-12 directly to the tumor vasculature; tumor vasculature-targeted IL-12 initiates localized immune cascade responses and exhibits cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic activity while minimizing th… |
HuCC49deltaCH2-PA-DOTA |
An immunoconjugate comprised of a humanized monoclonal antibody with antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody CC49 is developed from the murine monoclonal antibody B72.3 and is humanized by grafting the hypervariable regions onto the variable light (VL) and variable heavy (VH) frameworks of the monoclonal antibodies LEN and 21/28’ CL. In addition the CH2 domain in the constant region is deleted to increase plasma clearance. The resultant antibody binds to the pancarcinoma tumor-associated … |
Human Anti-CD30 CAR-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a human anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the human anti-CD30 CAR-expressing autologous T-lymphocytes specifically recognize and bind to CD30-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CD30, a cell surface recepto… |
Human gp100 Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a plasmid DNA encoding the human melanoma-associated antigen gp100. Upon administration, expressed gp100 antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell HLA-A2.1-restricted immune response against tumor cells that express this antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Human MHC Non-Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cell Line TALL-104 |
An allogeneic human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cell line (TALL-104) with potential antineoplastic activity. TALL-104 is an IL-2-dependent human leukemic T cell line, expressing CD8 and T-cell receptor CD3, but not CD16. Because these cells are endowed with MHC-non-restricted killer activity, TALL-104 has destructive potential against a broad range of tumors, while sparing normal cells. Upon administration, TALL-104 targets and interacts with tumor cells and activates apoptotic and necrotic pathwa… |
Human MOAB LICO 28a32 |
A human monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human MOAB LICO 28a32 binds to the colon tumor-associated antigen 28A32 (CTAA 28A32) found on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of colon carcinoma cells. (NCI04) |
Human Monoclonal Antibody 216 |
A naturally-occurring human IgM monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Human monoclonal antibody 216, derived from the gene VH4-34, binds to the glycosylated epitope CDIM on the surface of both malignant and normal B cells. Upon binding to B cells, this antibody may crosslink two or more CDIM molecules, resulting in the formation of cell membrane pores, the disruption of cell membrane integrity, and B cell lysis; this mechanism of antibody-mediated cell death is direct an… |
Human Monoclonal Antibody B11-hCG Beta Fusion Protein CDX-1307 |
A human monoclonal antibody (B11) directed against the mannose receptor and linked to the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG beta) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of human monoclonal antibody B11-hCG beta fusion protein CDX-1307 binds to mannose receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs), including human dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Upon internalization and processing, APCs present the processed hCG beta… |
Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide |
A peptide vaccine consisting of amino acids 12 through 20 of the viral oncoprotein human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 E7. Vaccination with HPV-16 E7 peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for HPV-16 E7, resulting in decreased tumor growth. HPV-16 infection is tumorigenic and highly associated with cervical cancer. (NCI04) |
Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Peptide/Padre 965.10 |
A synthetic agent derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 nuclear protein which is used to produce vaccines against HPV infection and HPV-related neoplasms. HPV E7 oncogenic protein binds the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein, pRB, as well as a number of other cellular proteins, and serves as a transcriptional activator. This protein is important in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation and is co-expressed in the majority of HPV-containing carcinomas. PADRE(R) i… |
Human Papillomavirus Tumor Antigen Vaccine |
A vaccinia viral based vaccine, encoding epitopes of E6 and E7 proteins from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18, with immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. HPV types 16 and 18 account for approximately 70% of cervical cancers. Vaccination with this HPV-TA (tumor antigen) vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for E6 and E7 from either type 16 or 18 HPV, resulting in decreased tumor growth. |
Human Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a plasmid DNA encoding the human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Upon administration, expressed PSMA may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells that express this antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Human-derived Enterococcus Strain MNC-168 |
An enteric-coated capsule formulation composed of a live Enterococcus strain derived from the human gut microbiome, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the human-derived Enterococcus strain MNC-168, the bacteria may activate the immune system through various mechanisms, including, but not limited to, the recruitment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may enha… |
hVEGF26-104/RFASE Peptide Vaccine |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine containing a truncated, synthetic peptide mimic of the human angiogenic activator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), consisting of 79 amino acids (amino acids 26-104 of VEGF), and emulsified in the immunoadjuvant RFASE, with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon intramuscular vaccination, the hVEGF26-104 moiety of hVEGF26-104/RFASE acts as an antigen and induces an immune response against VEGF, which results in anti-VEGF antibody bindi… |
Hycanthone |
A thioxanthene derivative of lucanthone with anti-schistosomal activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Hycanthone interferes with parasite nerve function, resulting in parasite paralysis and death. This agent also intercalates into DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis in vitro. (NCI04) |
Hydralazine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine, a phthalazine derivative with antihypertensive and potential antineoplastic activities. Hydralazine alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. In addition to its ca… |
Hydrogel-based Resiquimod STM-416 |
An injectable biodegradable hydrogel-based, intra-tumoral extended-release (ER) formulation containing the imidazoquinolinamine resiquimod, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and 8 agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intra-tumoral administration at the site and time of surgery involving transurethral resection of bladder tumor, the hydrogel-based resiquimod STM-416 locally releases resiquimod for an extended period and binds to TLR7 and 8, which are found m… |
Hydrogen Rich Water |
A nutritional supplement composed of molecular hydrogen-rich water (HRW), with potential preventative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and radiation protective activities. The molecular hydrogen gas is dissolved in the water. Upon oral administration of HRW, hydrogen is able to efficiently penetrate cytoplasmic membranes and targets intracellular organelles, and, being an antioxidant, scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite. This may decrease oxidati… |
Hydroxychloroquine |
A 4-aminoquinoline with immunosuppressive, antiautophagy, and antimalarial activities. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, hydroxychloroquine may suppress immune function by interfering with the processing and presentation of antigens and the production of cytokines. As a lysosomotropic agent, hydroxychloroquine raises intralysosomal pH, impairing autophagic protein degradation; hydroxychloroquine-mediated accumulation of ineffective autophagosomes may result in cell death in… |
Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate |
A synthetic progestational agent similar to the endogenous progesterone used in hormone therapy or as a female contraceptive. Mimicking the action of progesterone, hydroxyprogesterone caporate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. Due to the negative feedback mechanism seen with progesterone, this agent also blocks lutei… |
Hydroxytyrosol |
A phenolic phytochemical naturally occurring in extra virgin olive oil, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer preventive activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which hydroxytyrosol exerts its effects have yet to be fully determined, this agent affects the expression of various components of the inflammatory response, possibly through the modulation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway. The effects include the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines,… |
Hydroxyurea |
A monohydroxyl-substituted urea (hydroxycarbamate) antimetabolite. Hydroxyurea selectively inhibits ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, an enzyme required to convert ribonucleoside diphosphates into deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates, thereby preventing cells from leaving the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity by maintaining cells in the radiation-sensitive G1 phase and interfering with DNA repair. (NCI04) |
Hypericin |
An anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) with antidepressant, potential antiviral, antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Hypericin appears to inhibit the neuronal uptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) and L-glutamate, which may contribute to its antidepressant effect. Hypericin may also prevent the replication of encapsulated viruses probably due to inhibition of the a… |
Hypoxia-activated Prodrug TH-4000 |
A proprietary, hypoxia-activated prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-4000 is activated in the hypoxic cells within tumors into an irreversible pan-HER inhibitor via a mechanism of action not yet fully elucidated. As a result, this agent inhibits cellular proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells overexpressing HER kinases, which belong to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. He… |
I 131 Antiferritin Immunoglobulin |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a rabbit antihuman ferritin IgG labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). Using anti-ferritin IgG as a carrier for I-131 may result in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing ferritin. Observed in 35% to 100% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, high serum ferritin levels may be due to ferritin production by the tumor cells, or related to the associated iron overload and/or cirrhosis. |
I 131 Monoclonal Antibody A33 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancers, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. Using MoAb A33 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressed A33 antigen. |
I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody CC49 labeled with iodine I 131. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49 delivers beta and gamma radiation-emitting I 131 radionuclide specifically to tumor cells that express tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72, allowing localization of TAG-72-expressing tumor cells with radioimaging devices in diagnostic applications or resulting in specific TAG-72-expressing tumor cell radiocytotoxicity in therapeutic applications. Monoclonal anti… |
I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F19 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) F19 labelled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb F19 was raised against fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is highly expressed by tumor stromal cells. Using MoAb F19 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed FAP. |
I 131 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. I-131 MoAb Lym-1 delivers beta and gamma radiation emitting I-131 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR, thereby allowing imaging and/or treatment of cancers. |
Iadademstat |
An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific histone demethylase 1 (KDM1A; LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iadademstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor genes. This may lea… |
Ianalumab |
A fully human combinatorial antibody library (HuCAL)-derived monoclonal antibody targeting the B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ianalumab targets and binds to BAFF-R, which inhibits both BAFF/BAFF-R interaction and BAFF-R-mediated signaling. This may decrease cell growth in tumor cells expressing BAFF-R. BAFF-R, also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C, is overexpressed i… |
IAP Antagonist TQB3728 |
An orally bioavailable, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC)-mimetic and an antagonist of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), with potential apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, IAP antagonist TQB3728 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of IAPs including X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling… |
IAP Inhibitor HGS1029 |
The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. IAP inhibitor HGS1029 selectively inhibits the biological activity of IAP proteins, which may restore apoptotic signaling pathways; this agent may work synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types, suppressing apoptosis by binding and inhibiting active caspas… |
iAPA-based Dendritic Cells/Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A cell-based product composed of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and devoid of the inhibitory effect of antigen presentation attenuators (iAPA) combined with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) (iAPA-DC/CTL), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. DCs are transduced with a viral vector containing small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against APAs, which prevents the expression of APA genes and inhibits attenuation of antigen presentation. Upon… |
Ibandronate Sodium |
The sodium salt form of ibandronic acid, a synthetic nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. Ibandronic acid inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, resulting in a reduction in geranylgeranyl GTPase signaling proteins and apoptosis of osteoclasts. This agent increases bone mineral density, decreases bone remodeling, inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and reduces metastases-related and corticosteroid-related bone pain. |
Ibcasertib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of select serine-threonine kinases, including aurora kinase B (aurora B), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibcasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora B, VEGFRs, c-kit and PDGFRs, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpre… |
Ibentatug |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human plectin (plectin-1; plectin 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ibentatug specifically binds to plectin expressed on the cell surface of cancer cells, thereby activating the immune system to induce an anti-tumor T-cell response against plectin-expressing cancer cells and inducing apoptosis in these cancer cells. Plectin, a pro-tumorigenic protein, is normally found inside the cytoplasm of healthy cells but is … |
Iberdomide |
A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with immunomodulating and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, iberdomide specifically binds to the cereblon (CRBN) part of the ligase complex, thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces the proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, including Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3) whi… |
Iboctadekin |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18). Produced primarily by macrophages, IL-18 induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances the activity of natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). As a potential immunotherapeutic agent, iboctadekin displays antitumor effects in vitro and in animal models. (NCI04) |
Ibrilatazar |
An orally bioavailable, lipid analogue and inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1), rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibrilatazar binds to and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation in mTORC1/2-expressing tumor cells. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors; it play… |
Ibritumomab Tiuxetan |
An immunoconjugate of the monoclonal antibody ibritumomab conjugated with the linker-chelator tiuxetan, a high affinity, conformationally restricted chelation site for radioisotopes. When bound to indium In 111 or yttrium Y 90, ibritumomab tiuxetan, targeting the CD20 antigen on B cell surfaces, specifically delivers a potentially cytotoxic dose of radiation to B lymphocytes. Ibritumomab is a murine IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, which is found on the surfac… |
Ibrutinib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibrutinib binds to and irreversibly inhibits BTK activity, thereby preventing both B-cell activation and B-cell-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, is required for B cell receptor signaling, plays a… |
iC9-GD2-CD28-OX40-expressing T Lymphocytes |
Modified T-lymphocytes expressing a 3rd generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the disialoganglioside GD2, which contains the CD3zeta chain, the signaling domains of the co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and CD134 (OX-40) and the suicide gene inducible caspase 9 (iCasp9), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, iC9-GD2-CD28-OX40-expressing T lymphocytes target the GD2 antigen on tumor cells, thereby providing selective toxicity towards … |
Icotinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of icotinib, an orally available quinazoline-based inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Icotinib selectively inhibits the wild-type and several mutated forms of EGFR tyrosine kinase. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-mediated signal transduction and may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. |
Icovamenib |
An orally bioavailable, irriversible inhibitor of menin, an essential co-factor of oncogenic menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) fusion proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, icovamenib specifically targets and binds to menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes, such as MYC and Bcl2, and … |
Icrucumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1/FLT-1) with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Icrucumab specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of VEGFR-1, which may prevent the activation of downstream signaling pathways and so inhibit tumor angiogenesis; the subsequent reduction in tumor nutrient supply may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cell overexpression of VEGFR-1 may be associa… |
ICT-121 Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with purified peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD133, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, monocytes are differentiated into DCs and are mixed with the CD133 peptides. Upon intradermal re-administration of the ICT-121 DC vaccine, the DCs present the CD133 peptides to the immune system, which stimulates the immune system to induce a specific cyt… |
Idarubicin |
A semisynthetic 4-demethoxy analogue of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds. |
Idarubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic idarubicin. Idarubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and ultimately, interfering with RNA and protein synthesis. Due to its high lipophilicity, idarubicin penetrates cell membranes more efficiently than other anthracycline antibiotic compounds |
Idarubicin-Eluting Beads |
A sustained-release drug delivery embolization system containing small polymeric beads impregnated with the anthracycline antibiotic idarubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with idarubicin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, idarubicin-eluting beads embolize to the tumor vasculature, occlude tumor blood vessels and induce ischemic necrosis of tum… |
Idasanutlin |
An orally available, small molecule, antagonist of MDM2 (mouse double minute 2; Mdm2 p53 binding protein homolog), with potential antineoplastic activity. Idasanutlin binds to MDM2 blocking the interaction between the MDM2 protein and the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing the MDM2-p53 interaction, p53 is not enzymatically degraded and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may lead to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apopto… |
Idecabtagene Vicleucel |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idecabtagene vicleucel specifically recognizes and kills BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a tumor-specific antigen and a receptor for both a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BA… |
Idelalisib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Idelalisib inhibits the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), preventing the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed pr… |
Idetrexed |
An alpha-folate receptor (aFR)-mediated inhibitor of thymidylate synthase (TS), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, idetrexed selectively targets and binds to aFR-expressing tumor cells. Upon uptake by aFR, this agent binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell division, and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate … |
IDH1 Inhibitor KY100001 |
An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) mutant forms, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IDH1 inhibitor KY100001 specifically binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of ce… |
IDH1 Inhibitor TQB3454 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) mutant forms, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IDH1 inhibitor TQB3454 specifically binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation … |
IDH1(R132) Inhibitor IDH305 |
An inhibitor of the citric acid cycle enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1; IDH1) with mutations at residue R132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IDH305 specifically inhibits IDH1(R132) mutant forms in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1(R132… |
IDH1R132H Mutation-targeting IDH1 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of a 20-mer peptide derived from isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1) containing the point mutation R132H (IDH1R132H), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with the IDH1R132H mutation-targeting IDH1 peptide vaccine, the vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the IDH1R132H protein. R132H is a point mutation, which contains an amino acid substituti… |
IDH1R132H-Specific Peptide Vaccine PEPIDH1M |
A peptide vaccine consisting of a peptide derived from isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) containing the point mutation R132H (IDH1R132H), with potential antineoplastic activity. Intradermal vaccination with the IDH1R132H-specific peptide vaccine PEPIDH1M may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the IDH1R132H protein. The IDH1 point mutation of amino acid residue 132 is highly expressed in gliomas and is associated w… |
IDH2 Mutant Inhibitor SH1573 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2; IDH-2) R140Q mutant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IDH2 mutant inhibitor SH1573 specifically inhibits mutant IDH2 (mIDH2) R140Q protein, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition o… |
IDH2 Mutant Inhibitor TQB3455 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mutated mitochondrial enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 2 (IDH2; IDH-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IDH2 mutant inhibitor TQB3455 specifically inhibits mutated IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation … |
Idiotype-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine APC8020 |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor-derived clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, idiotype-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine APC8020, containing idiotype (Id) protein structures that can be recognized by antibodies and by CD41 T lymphocytes and CD81 T lymphocytes, may stimulate antitumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against Id-express… |
IDO/TDO Inhibitor HTI-1090 |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO inhibitor HTI-1090 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing the first step of tr… |
IDO/TDO Inhibitor LY-01013 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and the kynurenine-producing hepatic enzyme tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO inhibitor LY-01013 specifically targets and binds to both IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine, and TDO, a hepatic enzyme catalyzing t… |
IDO1 Inhibitor KHK2455 |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor KHK2455 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, KHK2455 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymph… |
IDO-1 Inhibitor LY3381916 |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor LY3381916 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, LY3381916 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immun… |
IDO1 Inhibitor MK-7162 |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor MK-7162 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, MK-7162 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, in… |
IDO1 Inhibitor PF-06840003 |
An orally available hydroxyamidine and inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1 inhibitor PF-06840003 targets and binds to IDO1, an enzyme responsible for the oxidation of tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, PF-06840003 increases and restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural kil… |
IDO1 Inhibitor RiMO-401 |
An inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intra-tumoral administration, IDO1 inhibitor RiMO-401 specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, RiMO-401 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cel… |
IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor DN1406131 |
An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor DN1406131 targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (KYN). This inhibits the IDO1/TDO2-KYN-AhR pa… |
IDO1/TDO2 Inhibitor M4112 |
An inhibitor of both the enzymes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1; IDO-1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 (TDO2; TDO-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IDO1/TDO2 inhibitor M4112 targets, binds to and inhibits both IDO1 and TDO2, which catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the production of the immunosuppressive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand kynurenine (Kyn). This inhibits the IDO1/TDO2-Kyn-AhR pathwa… |
Idronoxil |
A synthetic flavonoid derivative. Idronoxil activates the mitochondrial caspase system, inhibits X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and disrupts FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) expression, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits DNA topoisomerase II by stabilizing the cleavable complex, thereby preventing DNA replication and resulting in tumor cell death. |
Idronoxil Suppository NOX66 |
A proprietary, suppository-based formulation composed of idronoxil, a synthetic flavonoid derivative, surrounded by a proprietary lipid that protects idronoxil from phase 2 degradation, with potential chemo- and radio-sensitizing activities. Upon administration, idronoxil blocks the activity of ecto-NOX disulfide-thiol exchanger 2 (ENOX2; tNOX), a tumor-specific external NADH oxidase that maintains the transmembrane electron potential across the plasma membrane and is overexpressed in certain… |
Idroxioleic Acid |
An orally bioavailable, synthetic analog of the fatty acid oleic acid, with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration,idroxioleic acid activates sphingomyelin synthase (SMS), thereby increasing the concentration of sphingomyelin (SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the tumor cell membrane and decreasing membrane levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). This restores the normal, healthy levels and ratios of membrane lipids. By restoring normal membrane lipid st… |
Ieramilimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Ieramilimab binds to LAG-3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which lea… |
Ifabotuzumab |
A non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the ephrin receptor A3 (EphA3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ifabotuzumab selectively binds to tumor cells expressing EphA3. This blocks both EphA3 activation and EphA3-mediated signaling, and induces apoptosis in EphA3-expressing tumor cells. In addition, ifabotuzumab can stimulate antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against EphA3-expressing tumor cells. This agent also prevents tumor cell… |
Ifebemtinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the non-receptor, cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase protein tyrosine kinase 2 (focal adhesion kinase 1; FAK1; FAK: PTK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ifebemtinib targets and inhibits, in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive manner, PTK2. This prevents PTK2-mediated downstream signaling and inhibits migration, proliferation, invasion, and survival in PTK2-overexpressing tumor cells. The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase PTK2, … |
Ifetroban |
An orally bioavailable thromboxane (TxA2) and prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) (TP) receptor antagonist, with anti-thrombotic, anti-hypertensive, anti-asthmatic and potential anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, ifetroban targets and binds to TxA2 and PGH2 receptors, thereby preventing the activity of both TxA2 and PGH2 and disrupting their downstream signaling pathways. This prevents platelet activation, aggregation and thrombosis. It also prevents vascular constriction and causes vasodil… |
Ifinatamab Deruxtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated, via an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and exatecan (DX-8951) derivative DXd (MAAA-1181a; MAAA-1181), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the anti-B7-H3/DXd ADC DS-7300a, the anti-B7-H3 antibody targets and binds to B7-H3-expressing tumor cells. Up… |
Ifosfamide |
A synthetic analogue of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with antineoplastic activity. Ifosfamide alkylates and forms DNA crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA strand separation and DNA replication. This agent is a prodrug that must be activated through hydroxylation by hepatic microsomal enzymes. (NCI04) |
IGF-1R Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide-treated Autologous Glioma Cells IGV-001 |
A preparation of irradiated autologous glioma cells treated ex vivo with IMV-001, an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R/AS ODN), and encapsulated within bio-diffusion chambers, with potential antineoplastic activity. The IGF-1R/AS ODN IMV-001-treated autologous glioma cells IGV-001 are encapsulated within implantable and removable bio-diffusion chambers with additional IMV-001, irradiated, and implanted into the patient. The IGF-1R/AS ODN binds to … |
IGF-1R Inhibitor PL225B |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R inhibitor PL225B selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R, which may result in both the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in IGF-1R-overexpressing tumor cells. IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, plays a significant role in the stimulation of cellular pr… |
IGF-1R/IR Inhibitor KW-2450 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. IGF-1R/IR inhibitor KW-2450 selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of IGF-1R and IR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. IGF-R1 and IR tyrosine kinases, overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, play significant roles in the stimulation of cellular… |
IGF-methotrexate Conjugate |
A conjugate containing the antimetabolite and antifolate agent methotrexate conjugated to insulin-like growth factor (IGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. After intravenous administration, the IGF moiety of the IGF-methotrexate conjugate binds to and is internalized by IGF receptors (IGFR) on the surface of tumor cells. Following cell entry, the methotrexate then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofol… |
IKKb-matured RNA-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells DCIKKb |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) that are matured with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta, IL-6, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and IkB kinase b (IKKb), and loaded by electroporation with autologous total tumor RNA (TTRNA), RNA coding for tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that may include gp100, tyrosinase, PRAME, MAGE-A3 and/or IDO, and RNA coding for driver mutations that may include GNAQ/GNA11Q209, R183, SF3B1R625, CY… |
IKZF1/IKZF3 Protein Degrader GLB-002 |
An orally bioavailable protein degrader of the transcription factors Ikaros (Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1; IKZF1) and Aiolos (Ikaros family zinc finger protein 3; IKZF3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, IKZF1/IKZF3 protein degrader GLB-002 modulates the E3 (ubiquitin) ligase and targets IKZF1 and IKZF3 for ubiquitination, and induces proteasome-mediated degradation of IKZF1 and IKZF3. This reduces the levels of these transcriptio… |
IKZF2 Protein Degrader DKY709 |
A low molecular weight (MW) degrader of the protein IKZF2 (Helios), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IKZF2 protein degrader DKY709 modulates the E3 (ubiquitin) ligase and allows for the interaction between the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor and its target protein IKZF2, thereby targeting IKZF2 for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of IKZF2, which is a transcriptional repressor in T-cells, and modulates the a… |
IL-10 Immunomodulator MK-1966 |
An agent that downregulates the activity of the anti-inflammatory cytokine human interleukin-10 (IL-10), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-10 immunomodulator MK-1966 blocks the activity of IL-10 and may abrogate the IL-10-induced immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This activates cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells, increases cytokine production, including interferon-gamma (IFN-g), decreases T regulatory cell (Treg) activity, … |
IL-10-armed Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cells Meta10-19 |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, and armed with the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-10-armed anti-CD19 CAR-T cells Meta10-19 recognize and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is … |
IL-12-expressing Exosome CDK-003 |
Exosome engineered to display the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) in a fully active form on the surface via the exosome surface glycoprotein prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN; CD315), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration of IL-12-expressing exosome CDK-003, IL-12 expressed by the exosome may activate the immune system in the tumor microenvironment (TME) by promoting the activation of natural… |
IL-12-expressing HSV-1 NSC 733972 |
A genetically engineered, replication selective, infected cell protein (ICP) 34.5 gene-deleted, oncolytic human simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration of HSV-1 expressing IL-12 NSC 733972, the IL-12-expressing HSV-1 preferentially infects and replicates in tumor cells of neuronal origin causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in … |
IL-12-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cell Vaccine GX-051 |
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a modified form of the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, IL-12-expressing MSC vaccine GX-051 secretes IL-12. IL-12 activates the immune system by both promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, which activates natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-cell responses, which may result in both decreased cell… |
IL-12-Fc Fusion Protein KGX101 |
An engineered fusion protein composed of the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to a Fc domain and masked with protein domains, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IL-12-Fc fusion protein KGX101, IL-12 is bound to the proteins and pharmacologically inactive. IL-12 does not become active until cleaved by tumor-specific matrix metalloproteinases in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Upon proteolytic cleavage, unbound and… |
IL-12-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb662 |
An engineered potency-reduced fusion protein composed of the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to a Fc domain, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IL-12-Fc fusion protein XmAb662, IL-12 activates the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and activating CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells and natural killer cells (NKs). The activation and expansion of these immune cells mediate cytolytic immune r… |
IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based Immunotherapeutic Agent SAR441000 |
An immunotherapeutic agent utilizing mRNA to encode the cytokines interleukin-12sc (IL-12sc), interleukin-15sushi (IL-15sushi), interferon alpha (IFNa) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of IL-12sc, IL-15sushi, IFNa and GM-CSF mRNA-based immunotherapeutic agent SAR441000, mRNA is picked up by nearby cells, translated and released into the local tumor microenvironment (TM… |
IL13Ralpha2-specific Hinge-optimized 41BB-co-stimulatory CAR Truncated CD19-expressing Autologous T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of ex vivo expanded, genetically modified autologous central memory-enriched T-cells (Tcm) transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), and containing the cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137; 4-1BB) co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the signaling domain of the T cell antigen receptor complex zeta chain (CD3-zeta), … |
IL13Ralpha2-specific Hinge-optimized 4-1BB-co-stimulatory CAR/Truncated CD19-expressing Autologous TN/MEM Cells |
A preparation of ex vivo expanded, genetically modified autologous naïve and memory T-cells (TN/MEM) transduced with a replication incompetent, self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing a hinge-optimized, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Ra2), and containing the cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137; 4-1BB) co-stimulatory signaling domain fused to the signaling domain of the T-cell antigen receptor complex zeta chain (CD3-zeta), and … |
IL-15 Superagonist SOT201 |
A cis-acting immunocytokine and antibody cytokine fusion protein composed of a humanized, Fc-silenced monoclonal antibody against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a covalent receptor-linker interleukin-15 (RLI-15) complex containing a human attenuated IL-15 mutein linked to the high-affinity binding sushi domain site of the IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ralpha; IL-15Ra), with potential immunomodulatory and antin… |
IL-15(N72D)/IL-15Ralpha-sFc Fusion Protein Complex FL115 |
A long-acting form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and a fusion protein complex composed of a mutated form of IL-15, with an asparagine to aspartic acid substitution at amino acid 72 (N72D) (IL-15N72D), complexed with a soluble IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15 Ralpha; IL-15Ra) Fc domain (IL-15Ra-sFc) (IL-15N72D/IL-15Ra-sFc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IL-15(N72D)/IL-15Ra-sFc fusion protein complex FL115 targets and binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common… |
IL-15/IL-15 Receptor alpha Heterodimer NIZ985 |
A soluble, recombinant human heterodimer composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and the IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the IL-15/IL-15Ra heterodimer (hetIL-15) NIZ985 targets and binds to interleukin-2 (IL-2)/IL-15 receptor beta/gamma. This activates and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), whi… |
IL-2 Fusion Protein PTX-912 |
A fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to an as of yet not fully elucidated protein, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2 fusion protein PTX-912 targets and binds to IL-2 receptors, and activates IL-2 receptor-mediated signaling in immune cells. This activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, and induces expression of certain cytotoxic cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) a… |
IL-2 Recombinant Fusion Protein ALT-801 |
A recombinant protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a humanized soluble T-cell receptor (TCR) directed against a tumor suppressor p53-derived antigen with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The TCR moiety of IL-2 recombinant fusion protein ALT-801 binds to tumor cells displaying p53 epitope/MHC complexes; subsequently, the tumor cell-localized IL-2 moiety may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell and T cell cytotoxic immune responses against p5… |
IL-2 Superkine-Recombinant Human Albumin Fusion Protein MDNA11 |
A long-acting formulation consisting of an engineered and mutated form of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2) fused with human recombinant albumin, with minimal to no binding affinity for IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL-2Ralpha; CD25) and with high binding affinity for the beta receptor subunit (IL-2Rbeta; IL2Rb; CD122), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2 superkine-recombinant human albumin fusion protein MDNA11 primarily ta… |
IL-2/9/15 Gamma Chain Receptor Inhibitor BNZ-1 |
A pegylated peptide antagonist that binds to the common gamma chain (gc; IL2RG; CD132) of the signaling receptor for the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-9, and IL-15, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2/9/15 gc receptor inhibitor BNZ-1 specifically targets and binds to the IL binding site on the gc receptor and blocks IL-2, IL-9 and IL-15 binding, thereby inhibiting IL-2-, IL-9-, and IL-15-mediated signaling and downstream… |
IL-2/Anti-IL-2 Antibody Conjugate SLC-3010 |
A noncovalent conjugate consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2) and TCB2, a humanized antibody directed against the IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2Ra; CD25) binding site on IL-2, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IL-2/anti-IL-2 antibody conjugate SLC-3010, the IL-2 moiety binds to the IL-2 receptor beta (CD122) and gamma (CD132) subunit (IL2Rb/g) expressed on CD8+ T effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby activati… |
IL-2/IL-12-based Fusion Protein CLN-617 |
A single-chain fusion protein composed of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), the collagen-binding domain leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2 (LAIR2), linked, through glycine/serine linkers, to human serum albumin (HSA) and human IL-12, with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration of CLN-617, both the IL-2 and IL-12 moieties bind to their respective receptors expressed on CD8+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells in… |
IL-2/Lptn Gene-Modified Allogeneic Neuroblastoma Tumor Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of allogeneic neuroblastoma tumor cells have been genetically modified to secrete the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and the human chemokine lymphotactin (Lptn) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2 and Lptn are secreted by the IL-2/Lptn gene-modified allogeneic neuroblastoma tumor cell vaccine, potentially enhancing the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response elicited by vaccine neuroblastoma tumor-associated … |
Ilantimod |
An orally available formulation containing a small molecule antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 76; bHLHe76) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ilantimod specifically binds to AhR, inhibits AhR activation, and prevents AhR-mediated signaling. Abrogation of AhR activation prevents the activation of immune-tolerant dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvi… |
Ilginatinib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) and Src-family kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ilginatinib competes with ATP for binding to JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, thereby inhibiting the activation of JAK2 and downstream molecules in the JAK2/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathway that plays an important role in normal development, particularly hematopoiesis. In addition, ilginatini… |
Ilixadencel |
An off-the-shelf immune primer consisting of allogeneic monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) that have been stimulated with a combination of activating factors to produce pro-inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-12, p70 (IL-12 p70), C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4; macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta; MIP-1-beta), C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5; RANTES), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), with potential immunos… |
Iloprost |
A prostacyclin analogue with potential chemopreventive activity. Iloprost binds to the prostacyclin receptor in various target cells, thereby causing vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and decreased tumor cell adhesion to endothelium among other effects. Prostacyclin is a naturally occurring eicosanoid with anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, and anti-metastatic properties. (NCI05) |
Ilorasertib |
An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphospate mimetic, and inhibitor of Aurora kinases, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ilorasertib selectively binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases A, B and C, which may disrupt both the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus and chromosome segregation, and inhibit both cellular division and proliferation in Aurora kinase-… |
Imalumab |
A human, recombinant monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, imalumab binds to MIF, blocking its activity and preventing the MIF-mediated secretion of certain cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. This may lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in MIF-overexpressing tumor cells. MIF, a pro-inf… |
Imaradenant |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, imaradenant selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This blocks tumor-released adenosine from interacting with A2AR and prevents the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, and stimulates a T-cell-mediated immune response aga… |
Imatinib |
An antineoplastic agent that inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase, an abnormal enzyme produced by chronic myeloid leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome. Imatinib also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit; the SCF/c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase is activated in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This agent inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in cells that overexpress thes… |
Imatinib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Imatinib binds to an intracellular pocket located within tyrosine kinases (TK), thereby inhibiting ATP binding and preventing phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of growth receptors and their downstream signal transduction pathways. This agent inhibits TK encoded by the bcr-abl oncogene as well as receptor TKs encoded by the c-kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) oncogenes. In… |
Imetelstat |
A synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3’-P5’-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase (hTR) RNA, imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a telomerase template antagonist), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomerase mRNA binding. Inhibition of telom… |
Imetelstat Sodium |
The sodium salt of imetelstat, a synthetic lipid-conjugated, 13-mer oligonucleotide N3’ P5’-thio-phosphoramidate with potential antineoplastic activity. Complementary to the template region of telomerase RNA (hTR), imetelstat acts as a competitive enzyme inhibitor that binds and blocks the active site of the enzyme (a “telomerase template antagonist”), a mechanism of action which differs from that for the antisense oligonucleotide-mediated inhibition of telomerase activity through telomeras… |
Imexon |
A 2-cyanoaziridine derivative with antitumor activity in multiple myeloma. Although its mechanism of action is not clearly known, imexon may induce apoptosis via a pathway involving cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and/or caspase-8. Other cytotoxic mechanisms of action of this agent may involve thiol depletion, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and decreases in the mitochondrial membrane potential. (NCI04) |
Imgatuzumab |
A glycoengineered monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Imgatuzumab binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor; the decrease in receptor activation and dimerization may result in an inhibition of downstream ERK and JNK signaling pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epider… |
Imidazole Mustard |
A synthetic derivative of imidazole with potent antineoplastic properties. Imidazole mustard alkylates DNA, preferentially at guanine residues, resulting in DNA interstrand crosslinks and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Imidazole-Pyrazole |
A synthetic agent, also known as IMPY, with antineoplastic properties. IMPY inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme that converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides during DNA synthesis; this agent specifically binds the smaller, nonheme-iron subunit of the enzyme. (NCI04) |
Imifoplatin |
A platinum (Pt)-based agent belonging to the phosphaplatin family comprised of Pt complexed to a pyrophosphate ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms through which imifoplatin exerts its effect have yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon intravenous administration, binds to certain transmembrane proteins and activates several genes involved in tumor suppression and apoptosis. This leads to the activation of various signal transduction pathways, ind… |
Imipramine Blue |
A triphenylmethane-based dye and an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) oxidase 4 (NOX4), with potential anti-invasive and anti-oxidative activities. Upon administration, imipramine blue (IB) inhibits the activity of NOX4 and prevents NOX4-mediated cell signaling. This prevents the formation of NOX4-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS), abrogates the ROS-induced inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activation, and induces both G2/M cell cycle arrest … |
Imiquimod |
A synthetic agent with immune response modifying activity. As an immune response modifier (IRM), imiquimod stimulates cytokine production, especially interferon production, and exhibits antitumor activity, particularly against cutaneous cancers. Imiquimod’s proapoptotic activity appears to be related to Bcl-2 overexpression in susceptible tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Imlunestrant |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, imlunestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Immediate-release Onapristone |
An immediate-release (IR) formulation of onapristone, an orally bioavailable progesterone receptor (PR) antagonist, with antineoplastic activity. Onapristone binds to the PR and inhibits both PR activation and the associated expression of PR-responsive genes. This may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cancer cells overexpressing PR. PR is expressed on certain cancer cell types and plays a key role in proliferation and survival. |
Immediate-release Tablet Afuresertib |
An immediate-release (IR) tablet formulation containing afuresertib, an inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of the IR formulation, afuresertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, decreased tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in Akt-expressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling… |
Immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT |
A fusion protein consisting of a mouse-human chimeric antibody directed against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine NHS-IL2-LT binds to DNA released by necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, delivering the IL-2 moiety. In turn, the IL-2 moiety of this agent activates the immune syst… |
Immunocytokine PDS01ADC |
A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the heavy-chains of the human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody NHS76, raised against DNA released by necrotic tumor cells, and fused to two molecules of a genetically modified human interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of immunocytokine PDS01ADC binds to DNA released from necrotic tumor cells located primarily at the core of necrotic solid tumors, t… |
Immunogenic Cell Death Inducer CAN2109 |
A long-acting, bi-functional immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration, ICD inducer CAN2109 may directly kill tumor cells through as of yet undisclosed mechanism of action (MoA). This releases tumor neoantigens, which may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. CAN2109 retains … |
Immunomodulator OHR/AVR118 |
A broad-spectrum peptide nucleic acid formulation comprised of breakdown products of casein, peptone, RNA and serum albumin, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-anorectic and anti-cachexia activities. AVR118 mainly contains two peptides, peptide A and peptide B, in approximately a 1:1 ratio: peptide A (31 a. a.) is derived from bovine casein; peptide B (21 a. a.) is covalently linked via phosphodiester bond to a diadenosine unit. In addition, AVR118 contains nucleosides, … |
Immunomodulatory Agent CC-11006 |
A proprietary, orally available, small molecule and thalidomide analog, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. CC-11006 appears to have a similar mechanism to thalidomide and may modulate the expression of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines. |
Immunomodulatory Imide Drug |
A class of immunomodulatory drugs containing an imide group. |
Immunomodulatory Oligonucleotide HYB2055 |
A second generation synthetic oligonucleotide with immunomodulatory and potential antineoplastic activities. HYB2055 consists of unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs that are present abundantly in bacterial and parasitic DNA, and a novel DNA structure, called an immunomer that contributes to metabolic stability of the agent. Upon infections, CpG-containing DNA released from pathogenic organisms triggers host immune responses, which are mediated by the action of intracellular toll-like recepto… |
Immunotherapeutic Combination Product CMB305 |
An immunotherapeutic combination product composed of LV305, an engineered lentiviral vector that both targets dendritic cells (DCs) and contains nucleic acids encoding the human tumor-associated cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (CTAG1), and G305, a cancer vaccine comprised of an NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential synergistic immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of LV305, the DC… |
Immunotherapeutic Gel SRG-514 |
An injectable biodegradable hydrogel, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intraoperative injection into the site of surgical tumor resection, the immunotherapeutic gel SRG-514 releases an as of yet unidentified immunotherapeutic agent locally and may, through an as of yet unidentified mechanism of action, stimulate the cancer-suppressed immune system to eliminate any remaining cancer cells locally and systemically which may prevent cancer recurrence and metast… |
Immunotherapy Regimen MKC-1106-MT |
A regimen containing three components: a plasmid encoding portions of the two melanoma-associated antigens Melan A (also called MART-1) and tyrosinase and two synthetic analogs of Melan-A and tyrosinase antigen epitopes with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. First, the plasmid is injected directly into lymph nodes in order to sensitize or prime antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and central memory T cells in lymph nodes to plasmid-expressed Melan A and tyrosinase. After seve… |
Immunotoxin CMD-193 |
A humanized immunotoxin directed against the Lewis Y antigen conjugated with calicheamicin, a hydrophobic enediyne antibiotic, with potential antineoplastic activity. CMD193 binds to the Lewis Y antigen, a tetrasaccharide expressed on the cell surfaces of many tumor cell types. Upon binding, CMD-193 is internalized, thereby delivering the attached calicheamicin to Lewis Y antigen-expressing tumor cells. Calicheamicin binds non-covalently to the minor groove of DNA and prompts conformational c… |
Immunotoxin D2C7-(scdsFv)-PE38KDEL |
A recombinant immunotoxin fusion protein consisting of single-chain variable-region antibody fragments (scFvs), which contain disulfide stabilized heavy- (Vh) and light- (Vl) chain variable regions of the monoclonal antibody D2C7 (D2C7-scdsFv), targeting both the wild-type form (EGFRwt) and the in-frame deletion mutant form (EGFRvIII) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and fused, via a 15-amino acid peptide linker to domains II and III of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38KDEL) (D2C7-(… |
Imneskibart |
A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the CD25 subunit-interacting domain of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2), with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon administration, imneskibart targets, binds to and blocks the CD25 subunit-interacting domain of IL-2, thereby blocking the binding of IL-2 to the CD25 subunit (IL-2 receptor subunit alpha; IL-2Ralpha) of the human trimeric IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) expressed on the surface of regulatory T-lymphocytes (Treg… |
Imsapepimut |
A second-generation peptide vaccine derived from the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with imsapepimut may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against IDO-expressing tumor cells. This may restore the proliferation and activation of various immune cells including cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs), and may eradicate IDO-expre… |
IMT-1012 Immunotherapeutic Vaccine |
A multi-peptide cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. IMT-1012 immunotherapeutic vaccine contains twelve different synthetic peptides or tumor associated antigens (TAAs), including cyclin I (CCNI), cyclin-dependent kinase CDC2, EDDRI and TACE/ADAM17, each of which is involved in a different pathway associated with tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. Each antigen in the vaccine elicits a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against … |
Imvotamab |
An engineered immunoglobulin M (IgM) bispecific antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Imvotamab contains ten high affinity binding domains for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD20, and one binding domain for CD3, a T-cell surface antigen. Upon administration, imvotamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. Additionally, imv… |
Imzokitug |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) nonfucosylated (NF) monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, imzokitug targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. Imzokitug eliminates CCR8-positive Tregs via the induction of Fc-mediated an… |
Inactivated Oncolytic Virus Particle GEN0101 |
An inactivated, non-replicating particle of hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ), an oncolytic virus of the paramyxovirus family, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intracutaneous administration, GEN0101 targets and binds to the cytosolic nucleic acid receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This induces RIG-I-mediated signaling and a potent innate immune response against tumor cells, leading to the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotox… |
Inalimarev |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant vaccinia viral vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC-1 (mucin-1), a transmembrane glycoprotein secreted by glandular tissues, and TRICOM, comprised of the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3. Upon administration, inalimarev may enhance CEA and MUC-1 presentation to antigen presenting cells (APC) and may activate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA- and MUC-1-expressing tumor cells. |
Inavolisib |
An orally available inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, inavolisib binds to and inhibits various members of the PI3K family, including activating mutations in the catalytic alpha isoform PIK3CA. PI3K inhibition prevents the activation of the PI3K-mediated signaling pathway and results in the inhibition of growth and survival of PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently … |
Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant |
A water-in-oil emulsion that stimulates the T-cell immune response to antigens and may be used in various types of cancer vaccines. (NCI04) |
Incyclinide |
A chemically-modified tetracycline with potential antineoplastic activity. Incyclinide inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent also causes mitochondrial depolarization in tumor cells and induces both cellular apoptosis and tissue necrosis. |
Indatuximab Ravtansine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against syndecan-1 (CD138) covalently attached to the maytansinoid DM4, a derivative of the cytotoxic agent maytansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, indatuximab ravtansine binds to syndecan-1-expressing tumor cells; upon internalization the DM4 moiety is released, binding to tubulin and disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, which may result in the inhibition of cell division a… |
Indibulin |
A synthetic small molecule with antimitotic and potential antineoplastic activities. Indibulin binds to a site on tubulin that is different from taxane- or Vinca alkaloid-binding sites, destabilizing tubulin polymerization and inducing tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent has been shown to be active against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and taxane- resistant tumor cell lines. |
Indicine-N-Oxide |
A natural pyrrolizidine alkaloid with antineoplastic properties. Indicine-N-oxide alkylates and crosslinks DNA. (NCI04) |
Indisulam |
A novel sulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Indisulam inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), which regulate cell cycle progression and are usually over-expressed in cancerous cells. Inhibition of CDK results in G1/S phase arrest of the cell cycle, and may lead to induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, indisulam also inhibits carbonic anhydrases (CA), especially isoforms IX and XII that are involved in aqueous humor production… |
Individualized MVA-based Vaccine TG4050 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) individualized vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following administration of the individualized MVA-based vaccine TG4050, the neoantigens are expressed and presented to the immune system, which induces the activation of a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing the patient-specifi… |
Indole-3-Carbinol |
A naturally occurring, orally available cleavage product of the glucosinolate glucobrassicanin, a natural compound present in a wide variety of plant food substances including members of the family Cruciferae with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive properties. Indole-3-carbinol scavenges free radicals and induces various hepatic cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Specifically, this agent induces the hepatic monooxygenase cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), resulting in increased 2-hydroxylation … |
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine against the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase peptide vaccine may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against IDO-expressing cells. This may increase and restore the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and T-lymphocytes, and may eradicate IDO-expre… |
Indomethacin |
A synthetic nonsteroidal indole derivative with anti-inflammatory activity and chemopreventive properties. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), indomethacin inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase, thereby preventing cyclooxygenase-mediated DNA adduct formation by heterocyclic aromatic amines. This agent also may inhibit the expression of multidrug-resistant protein type 1, resulting in increased efficacies of some antineoplastic agents in treating multi-drug resistant tumors. In addi… |
Indoximod |
A methylated tryptophan with immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Indoximod inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades the essential amino acid tryptophan, and may increase or maintain tryptophan levels important to T cell function. Tryptophan depletion is associated with immunosuppression involving T cell arrest and anergy. |
Indoximod Prodrug NLG802 |
An orally bioavailable prodrug of indoximod, a methylated tryptophan, with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, the indoximod prodrug NLG802 is converted to indoximod. Indoximod targets, binds to and inhibits the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; IDO1), which converts the essential amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By increasing tryptophan levels and decreasing kynurenine levels, indoximod restores a… |
Indusatumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a monoclonal antibody directed against guanylyl cyclase C (GCC or GUCY2C) conjugated to monomethylauristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of indusatumab vedotin selectively binds to GCC, a transmembrane receptor normally found on intestinal cells and dopamine neurons in the brain, but is also overexpressed on the surface of gastrointestin… |
Inebilizumab |
A humanized immunoglobulin IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD-19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Inebilizumab binds to CD19, which may result in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to CD19-expressing B-cells. The Fc portion of inebilizumab does not contain a fucose sugar moiety, which may contribute to its enhanced ADCC activity. CD19 is a membrane antig… |
Inecalcitol |
An analog of calcitriol and a vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) agonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, inecalcitol targets and binds to VDR. This activates VDR and VDR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This modulates the VDR-mediated expression of certain genes, including the expression of anti-cancer genes, enhances cellular differentiation, induces tumor cell apoptosis and inhibits tumor cell growth. VDR plays a central role in calcium homeostasis and in the grow… |
Inetetamab |
An Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, inetetamab targets and specifically binds to HER2 on tumor cells, thereby blocking HER2-mediated signaling. This may inhibit proliferation of HER2-expressing tumor cells. In addition, the Fab region of inetetamab may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tu… |
Inezetamab |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the cell-surface receptor CD40 and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of inezetamab, the anti-MSLN moiety targets and binds to MSLN expressed on tumor cells. The agonistic anti-CD40 moiety targets and binds to various CD40-expressing immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways, which triggers the p… |
Infigratinib |
An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiatio… |
Infigratinib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of infigratinib, an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which may be upregulated in various tumor cel… |
Infigratinib Phosphate |
The phosphate salt form of infigratinib, an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, infigratinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation, and the induction of cell death in tumors with activating FGFR amplifications, mutations, or fusions. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyros… |
Infliximab |
A recombinant chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), a protein involved in inflammation, cell survival, and apoptosis. Infliximab may be pro- apoptotic or anti-apoptotic, depending on cell type. (NCI04) |
Ingenol Mebutate |
A selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) isolated from the plant Euphorbia peplus with potential antineoplastic activity. Ingenol mebutate activates various protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, thereby inducing apoptosis in some tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling isoenzymes that regulate many cell processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. |
Ingenol Mebutate Gel |
A topical, aqueous gel formulation containing the mebutate salt form of ingenol, a selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C (PKC) that is isolated from the sap of Euphorbia species, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the ingenol mebutate gel, ingenol activates various PKC isoforms, which induces apoptosis in certain tumor cells, including myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, and basal cell carcinoma cells. The PKC family consists of signaling … |
Ingitamig |
A tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ingitamig targets and binds to BCMA on tumor cells and simultaneously binds to NK cells via the receptors CD16 and NKG2D (natural killer group 2D; killer cell lectin-like receptor K1; KLRK1), thereby bringing BCMA-express… |
Iniparib |
A small molecule iodobenzamide with potential cytotoxic and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action is unknown, iniparib appears to be cytotoxic in cells with DNA alterations or DNA damage, like that found in tumor cells with mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. ATM encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase and mutations of the gene are associated with ataxia telangiectasia and contribute to certain cancers such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia,… |
Inixaciclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 2 (CDK2), 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, inixaciclib selectively targets and inhibits CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase and prevents CDK-mediated G1-S-phase transition. This leads to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serin… |
iNKT Cell Agonist ABX196 |
A synthetic glycolipid agonist for natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the iNKT cell agonist ABX196, this agent targets and binds to iNKTs, thereby activating iNKTs. In turn, iNKTs recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands, which are expressed on certain tumor cells, and secrete large amounts of various cytokines. This may activate the immune system against tu… |
Inlexisertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, inlexisertib targets and binds to ULK1/2. This inhibits cancer autophagy, which mutant RAS cancer cells use for their survival, and results in tumor cell death. ULK1/2 mediates the autophagocytotic process and is often upregulated in cancers, especially in mutant RAS cancers. Autophagy plays a key role in a tumor cell proliferation and survival… |
Innate Immunostimulator rBBX-01 |
A recombinant 19 kDa protein derived from the Apicomplexa protozoan Eimeria with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, innate immunostimulator rBBX-01 activates dendritic cells (DCs), stimulates the Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR-11)-mediated release of interleukin-12 (Il-12) from DCs, and induces a T-helper 1 (Th1) type immune response, which may induce an immune response against tumor cells. Infection with Eimeria, a coccidian commonly infecting the intestin… |
INO-1001 |
A isoindolinone derivative and potent inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with chemosensitization and radiosensitization properties. INO-1001 inhibits PARP, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell DNA repair mechanisms and, so, tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PARP enzymes are activated by DNA breaks and have been implicated in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB). |
Inobrodib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the highly conserved bromodomains of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT) and CREB binding protein (CBP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, inobrodib selectively and reversibly binds to the bromodomains of p300 and CBP. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins and prevents the co-activation of key transcription factors that contribute to… |
Inodiftagene Vixteplasmid |
A recombinant DNA plasmid carrying the gene for diphtheria toxin-A (dT-A) chain under the regulation of the H19 promoter, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, dT-A chain expression is triggered by the presence of H19 transcription factors that are upregulated in tumor cells. The dT-A chain binds to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and inactivates the ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor 2 (EF2), resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis and … |
iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor FK-330 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iNOS Dimerization Inhibitor FK-330 inhibits iNOS dimerization, which results in decreased nitric oxide (NO) production. iNOS expression is upregulated in certain cancers and may invoke a chronic inflammatory state in tumor cells that promotes metastatic growth. |
Inosine 5’-monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor FF-10501-01 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of inosine 5’- monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, IMPDH inhibitor FF-10501-01 competitively inhibits the enzyme IMPDH, thereby preventing the conversion of inosine monophosphate to xanthosine monophosphate. This inhibits the synthesis of guanine nucleotides, deprives cancer cells of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), disrupts DNA and RNA synthesis, and decreases tumor cell proliferation. Tumor cells are… |
Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor AVN944 |
An orally available, synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. AVN944 inhibits inosine monosphosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme involved in the de novo synthesis of guanosine triphosphate (GTP), a purine molecule required for DNA and RNA synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH deprives cancer cells of GTP, resulting in disruption of DNA and RNA synthesis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis. AVN944 appears to have a selective effect on cancer… |
Inositol |
A natural sugar found in cell membrane phospholipids, plasma lipoproteins, and (as the phosphate form) in the nucleus with potential chemopreventive properties. As one of a number of intracellular phosphate compounds, inositol is involved in cell signaling and may stimulate tumor cell differentiation. (NCI04) |
Inotuzumab Ozogamicin |
A CD22-targeted cytotoxic immunoconjugate composed of a humanized IgG4 anti-CD22 antibody covalently linked to N-acetyl-gamma-calicheamicin dimethyl hydrazide (CalichDMH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Inotuzumab ozogamicin is rapidly internalized upon binding of the antibody moiety to B cell-specific CD22 receptors, delivering the conjugated CalichDMH intracellularly; the CalichDMH moiety binds to the minor groove of DNA in a sequence-specific manner, resulting in double-strand DNA … |
Inproquone |
A benzoquinone-based antineoplastic agent. Inproquone was never marketed. |
Integrin Alpha V Beta 3-targeting Protein ACT50 |
An integrin alpha V beta 3-targeting protein, with potential pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, integrin alpha V beta 3-targeting protein ACT50 targets the cell surface receptor integrin alpha V beta 3, at a site other than the ligand-binding site, expressed on angiogenic endothelial cells (aECs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and recruits and activates caspase 8. This leads to the apoptosis of alph… |
Integrin alpha-2 Inhibitor E7820 |
A small molecule and aromatic sulfonamide derivative with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. E7820 inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing integrin alpha 2, a cell adhesion molecule expressed on endothelial cells. Inhibition of integrin alpha 2 leads to an inhibition of cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. |
Integrin AlphaVbeta3-targeted Small Molecule-drug Conjugate VIP236 |
A small molecule-drug conjugate (SMDC) composed of an integrin alphaVbeta3 binder conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a camptothecin-based topoisomerase I inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of integrin alphaVbeta3-targeted SMDC VIP236, the integrin alphaVbeta3 binder targets and binds to integrin alphaVbeta3 expressed on tumor cells and tumor vessel endothelial cells. Upon binding and linker cleavage by neutrophil elastase in the tumor microenvironment (… |
Integrin Receptor Antagonist GLPG0187 |
A small molecule integrin receptor antagonist (IRA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GLPG0187 binds to and blocks the activity of 5 RGD-integrin receptor subtypes, including alphavbeta1, alphavbeta3, alphavbeta5, alphavbeta6 and alpha5beta1. This may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell-cell interactions and endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and the prevention of angiogenesis and metastasis in tumor cells expressing these integrin receptors. Integrin re… |
Interferon Alfa-2c |
A recombinant form of interferon alpha (IFNa), with immunostimulatory, antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, interferon alpha-2c (IFNa-2c) targets and binds to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. This IFN variant has arginine at position 23 and position 34. |
Interferon Alfacon-1 |
An analogue of consensus interferon which contains an additional methionyl amino acid residue. Consensus interferon (also known as interferon alfacon-1, rCon-IFN, and CIFN) is a genetically engineered synthetic interferon created from the most common amino acid sequences from the naturally occurring alpha interferons. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, an… |
Interferon Alfa-N1 |
A highly purified alpha interferon produced by a human lymphoid cell line. Interferon alpha-n1 consists of multiple alpha interferon subtypes, at least two of which are glycosylated. In contrast, recombinant alpha interferons are individual non-glycosylated proteins produced from individual alpha interferon genes. Alpha interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose proteins have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, a… |
Interferon Alfa-N3 |
A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous alpha interferon containing multiple interferon species with antiviral and antitumor properties. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element, thereby inducing: antiviral effects (the most important being inhibition of viral protein synthesis); antiproliferative effects (including inhibition of cellular growth and alteration of cellular … |
Interferon Beta-1A |
A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine human interferon (IFN) beta-1a, with antiproliferative, antiviral and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, interferon beta-1a targets and binds to specific type I IFN receptors, which eventually results in the transcription and translation of genes containing an interferon-specific response element and leads to the production of various anti-viral proteins and modulates the production of various immune-modulating proteins. This reduce… |
Interferon Beta-secreting Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
Human autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) harvested from the bone marrow of healthy individuals and transduced with a retroviral vector encoding the human cytokine interferon beta (IFNb), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IFNb-secreting MSCs, the cells are attracted and specifically migrate to tumor sites and become part of the tumor microenvironment. Since the MSCs express IFNb, these cells selectively deliver high levels of IFNb to th… |
Interferon Gamma-1b |
A recombinant form of the endogenous cytokine human interferon (IFN) gamma-1b, with immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, IFN gamma-1b targets, binds to, and activates the cell-surface IFN-gamma receptor, stimulating antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), activating natural killer (NK) cells, and enhancing the oxidative metabolism of macrophages. IFN-gamma plays important roles in the innate and adaptive immune responses. |
Interferon-gamma-expressing Adenovirus Vaccine ASN-002 |
A replication-defective adenoviral serotype 5 vector encoding a recombinant form of the human cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), with potential antineoplastic and immunoregulatory activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the sustained expression of IFN-g by IFN-g-expressing adenovirus vaccine ASN-002 promotes a T-helper type 1 (Th1) immune response and inhibits the Th2-mediated cytokine production observed in many cutaneous lymphomas. IFN-g also mediates interleukin-12 (IL-12) production… |
Interleukin-12 Gene |
The DNA sequence that encodes the protein cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12). When introduced as the complementary DNA (cDNA) form into tumor cells by, for example, a genetically engineered adenovirus vector, the transfected IL-12 cDNA expresses IL-12 which activates antitumoral natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells and stimulates the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), potentially inhibiting tumor cell metastasis. This gene therapy may also result in IL-12-mediated inhibition of vas… |
Interleukin-12-Fc Fusion Protein DF6002 |
A fusion protein composed of human interleukin-12 (IL-12) fused to a Fc fragment, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of IL-12-Fc fusion protein DF6002, the IL-12 moiety binds to the IL-12 receptor. This may activate the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma, activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses, which may result in both decreased tumor cell proliferation and enhanced im… |
Interleukin-15 Agonist Fusion Protein SHR1501 |
A human Fc fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 cross-linked with the high-affinity binding sushi domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHR-1501 activates and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells without stimulating regulatory T-cells (Tregs). The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response… |
Interleukin-15 Fusion Protein BJ-001 |
A human fusion protein composed of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 linked with an integrins-targeting moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, the integrins-targeting moiety of BJ-001 targets tumor cells that overexpress integrins such as alpha v beta 3 (avb3), alpha v beta 5 (avb5) and alpha v beta 6 (avb6) and the IL-15 moiety binds to the IL-2/IL-15 receptor beta-common gamma chain (IL-2Rbetagamma) receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-l… |
Interleukin-15/Interleukin-15 Receptor Alpha Complex-Fc Fusion Protein XmAb24306 |
An interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15-receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) complex fused to a bispecific Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, XmAb24306 stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T… |
Interleukin-2 Gene |
The DNA sequence that encodes the protein cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). When introduced as the complementary DNA (cDNA) form into tumor cells by, for example, a genetically engineered adenovirus vector, the transfected IL-2 cDNA expresses IL-2 which may activate antitumoral natural killer cells and elicit an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell response, resulting in an inhibition of tumor progression. (NCI04) |
Interleukin-2 Liposome |
A formulation in which liposomes are loaded with the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). By activating cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, such as lymphokine-activated killer cells, and increasing levels of the cytotoxic cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), IL-2 may exhibit antitumoral activity. Liposomal formulations of IL-2 may promote entry of the cytokine into target tumor cells and may be used as an immunoadjuvant in cancer vaccine therapy. (NCI04) |
Interleukin-2/Interleukin-15 Receptor Agonist NL-201 |
An interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptor agonist with high binding affinity for the common heterodimeric receptor IL-2Rbeta-gamma, which is composed of the IL-2 receptor subunit beta (IL-2Rbeta; CD122) and IL-2 receptor subunit gamma (IL-2Rgamma; common gamma; CD132), and no binding affinity for the IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL-2Ralpha; CD25), with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, IL-2/IL-15 receptor agonist NL-201 targets an… |
Intetumumab |
A pan alpha-v human monoclonal antibody that recognizes alpha-v beta-1, alpha-v beta-3, alpha-v beta-5, and alpha-v beta-6 integrins with antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Intetumumab competitively binds to and blocks both alpha-v beta-3 and alpha-v beta-5 integrins, resulting in inhibition of integrin-mediated tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth. Integrins facilitate the adhesion of stimulated endothelial cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM); trigger the secretion of ECM-rearrangin… |
Intiquinatine |
An antineoplastic agent. |
Intismeran Autogene |
An mRNA-based individualized, therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting twenty tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by the patient’s cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient’s tumor are analyzed, and genetic sequencing is used to identify twenty neoantigen epitopes that may elicit the strongest immune response in the patient. The sequences encoding the twenty patient-specific epitopes are… |
Intoplicine |
A benzopyridoindole derivative with antineoplastic property. Intoplicine inhibits activities of both topoisomerase I and II via intercalating DNA helix, thereby hindering the movements of enzymes along DNA molecules during DNA transcription and replication, respectively. Furthermore, this agent stabilizes DNA-enzyme complexes during unwinding processes by both topoisomerases, leading to double- and single-stranded DNA breaks. Consequently, these effects bring about cell growth inhibition and … |
Intrathecal Deferoxamine |
An intrathecal (IT) formulation of deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating agent that can be used to deplete free iron and lower iron levels, and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon IT administration via Ommaya reservoir, DFO chelates free iron within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by forming the iron complex ferrioxamine. This lowers the amount of iron available for cancer cell growth and survival. Cancer cells show increased iron uptake as iron is needed for rapid tumor cell prolifera… |
Inulin |
A naturally occurring, indigestible and non-absorbable oligosaccharide produced by certain plants with prebiotic and potential anticancer activity. Inulin stimulates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the colon, including Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, thereby modulating the composition of microflora. This creates an environment that protects against pathogens, toxins and carcinogens, which can cause inflammation and cancer. In addition, fermentation of inulin leads to an increase in shor… |
Inupadenant |
An orally bioavailable immune checkpoint inhibitor and antagonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR; ADORA2A), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, inupadenant selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents tumor-released adenosine from interacting with the A2A receptors, thereby blocking the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes. This results in the proliferation and activation of T-lymphocytes, … |
Iobenguane I-131 |
An I 131 radioiodinated synthetic analogue of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Iobenguane localizes to adrenergic tissue and, in radioiodinated forms, may be used to image or eradicate tumor cells that take up and metabolize norepinephrine. |
Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody A33 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) A33 labelled with Iodine 124 (I-124). MoAb A33 recognizes A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases, with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. I-124 MoAb A33 delivers beta particle emitting I-124 nuclide directly to metastatic colorectal tissues, thereby this agent could be used in kinetics studies o… |
Iodine I 124 Monoclonal Antibody M5A |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of M5A, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEA or CEACAM5), labeled with iodine I 124 (I-124) with potential radiolocalization applications. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of iodine I 124 monoclonal antibody M5A specifically binds to cells expressing CEA. Upon binding, the radioisotope moiety can be detected using positron-emission tomography (PET), thereby allowing the imaging … |
Iodine I 125-Anti-EGFR-425 Monoclonal Antibody |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) labeled with iodine I 125 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 125 anti-EGFR-425 monoclonal antibody binds specifically to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Upon binding to EGFR-expressing tumor cells, this agent is internalized, selectively delivering a potentially cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation. EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinas… |
Iodine I 131 Anti-Fibronectin Antibody Fragment L19-SIP |
An iodine 131 radioimmunoconjugate of a small immunoprotein (SIP), derived from the variable region fragment of human monoclonal antibody L19, that is directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin, with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. The SIP moiety of iodine I 131 anti-fibronectin antibody fragment L19-SIP binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. Upon internalization, the I 131 radionuclide may selectively detect or deliver cy… |
Iodine I 131 Apamistamab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of BC8, a murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimmunotherapeutic properties. Using monoclonal antibody BC8 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted destruction of cells expressing CD45. CD45 is tyrosine phosphatase expressed on virtually all leukocytes, including myeloid and lymphoid precursors in bone marrow and mature lymphocytes in lymph nodes; it is also expressed on most myeloid and lymphoid leukemic … |
Iodine I 131 Derlotuximab Biotin |
An iodine 131 labeled radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MOAB) TNT-1/B with radioimaging and antineoplastic properties. MOAB TNT-1/B was developed for radioimmunotherapy of solid tumors, designated as Tumor Necrosis Treatment (TNT). TNT exploits the presence of degenerating and necrotic cells within tumors by utilizing MOAbs directed against universal, intracellular nucleosomal determinants consisting of histone H1 and DNA. This MOAB was conjugated with biotin (B) molecules, which i… |
Iodine I 131 Ethiodized Oil |
A cytotoxic radioconjugate consisting of lipiodol, an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, labeled with iodine 131 (I-131). I-131 Lipiodol accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma tumor cells, resulting in targeted cytotoxicity to tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. (NCI04) |
Iodine I 131 Iopofosine |
A radioconjugate composed of iopofosine, a phospholipid ether analog, labeled with the radioactive isotope iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iodine I 131 iopofosine selectively accumulates in and retains within tumor cells for a prolonged period of time due to the decreased activity of a phospholipase D (PLD) in tumor cells compared to normal cells, thereby delivering cytotoxic radiation specifically to tumor cells. PLD is an enzyme found in the cell … |
Iodine I 131 IPA |
A radioconjugate consisting of the tumor-specific amino acid derivative 4-iodo-L-phenylalanine labeled with iodine I 131, a beta emitting radionuclide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, iodine I 131 IPA actively crosses the blood-brain barrier and accumulates specifically in gliomas, via the amino acid transport system l-amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) over-expressed in malignant glioma cells. where it delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. Cells that are expo… |
Iodine I 131 MIP-1095 |
A radioconjugate composed of MIP-1095, a urea-based ligand for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radiolabeled with iodine I 131 (I131), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of iodine I 131 MIP-1095, the MIP-1095 moiety selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of PSMA, thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to PSMA-expressing cancer cells. PSMA is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expre… |
Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody 81C6 |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of 81C6, a murine IgG2 anti-tenascin monoclonal antibody labeled with iodine 131 (I-131), with radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic activities. Using monoclonal antibody 81C6 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells expressing tenascin. Tenascin is an extracellular matrix protein which is overexpressed in gliomas and other cancers. |
Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody CC49-deltaCH2 |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the humanized CH2 domain-deleted monoclonal antibody CC49 and iodine I 131 with antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 targets the tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG-72) that is expressed by a wide range of human neoplasms including colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, breast, non-small cell lung, and prostate cancers. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody CC49-deltaCH2 binds to tumor cells expressing TAG-72, selectively… |
Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody F16SIP |
A fully human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human A1 domain of tenascin-C, in small immunoprotein (SIP) format conjugated with iodine 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 MoAb F16SIP binds to tenascin-C on the vascular tissues and delivers cytotoxic radiation to the tumors, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity. Tenascin-C is a glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, and the large isoform of this matrix protein is expressed and restricted around vascular structu… |
Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody G-250 |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 conjugated with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 chimeric monoclonal antibody G-250 binds to G-250, a renal-cell carcinoma-associated antigen, delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to renal carcinoma cells that express G-250. |
Iodine I 131 Monoclonal Antibody muJ591 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) J591 labeled with Iodine 131 (I-131). MoAb muJ591 recognizes the extracellular domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and reacts with tumor vascular endothelium. Using MoAb muJ591 as a carrier for I-131 results in the targeted imaging and/or destruction of cells overexpressed PSM. |
Iodine I 131 Omburtamab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the iodine 131-radiolabeled murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody 8H9 directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein 4Ig-B7-H3 with potential radioimaging and radioimmunotherapeutic uses. Iodine I 131 monoclonal antibody 8H9 binds to 4Ig-B7-H3 (human B7-H3 with 4 Ig-like domains) and may be used to radioimage and/or destroy tumor cells that express tenascin. 4Ig-B7-H3 inhibits T-cell activation and the production of effector cytokines such as interfe… |
Iodine I 131 Rituximab |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and labeled with iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 rituximab binds to the CD20 antigen thereby delivering cytotoxic iodine I 131 specifically to cancer cells expressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein, is expressed on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. |
Iodine I 131 SGMIB-Anti-HER2 CAM-H2 |
A radioconjugate composed of a camelid single domain antibody (sdAb) CAM-H2 (VHH1; sdAb 2Rs 15d) directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2, EGFR2, ERBB2) that is covalently linked via N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-iodobenzoate (SGMIB) to the radionuclide iodine I 131, with radioimaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of iodine I 131 SGMIB-anti-HER2 CAM-H2, the anti-HER2 antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2-expressing cells. This facilitates b… |
Iodine I 131 Tenatumomab |
A radioimmunoconjugate of tenatumomab, a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) tenascin-C (TNC), labeled with iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of iodine I 131 tenatumomab binds to TNC, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of iodine I 131 specifically to tumors expressing TNC. TNC, an extracellular matrix protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types; it plays a key role in invasion, tumor cell proliferation a… |
Iodine I 131 TM-601 |
An iodine 131 (I 131) radioconjugate of the synthetic chlorotoxin (CTX) TM-601 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. CTX is a 36 amino acid neurotoxin found in the venom of the giant yellow scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus that preferentially binds malignant cells of neuroectodermal origin. The recombinant version of this peptide, TM-601, is expressed in and purified from E. coli and then covalently linked to I 131 to produce 131I-TM-601. 131I-TM-601 binds to tumor cell… |
Iodine I 131 Tositumomab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 protein expressed on the surface of B-lymphocytes and radiolabeled with the radioisotope iodine I 131 with potential antineoplastic activity. Iodine I 131 tositumomab binds to and selectively delivers cyctotoxic radiation to CD20-expressing B-lymphocytes, thereby minimizing systemic radiotoxicity. |
Iodine I-131 |
A radioactive isotope of iodine with an atomic mass of 131, a half life of eight days, and potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in the thyroid gland, iodine I 131 emits beta and gamma particles, thereby killing thyroid cells and decreasing thyroid hormone production. |
Ioflubenzamide I-131 |
An iodine 131-radiolabeled small-molecule benzamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. The benzamide moiety of 131-I-MIP-1145 binds to melanin, selectively delivering a cyotoxic dose of gamma and beta radiation to melanin-expressing tumor cells. Melanin pigments, polymer derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, are over-expressed in approximately 40% of melanomas. |
Ionomycin |
A polyether antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus sp. nov. Trejo with antineoplastic activity. Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular Ca++ levels, possibly relating to endonuclease activation of lymphocytes and decreased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and ultimately apoptosis. In addition, this agent is used to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes. (NCI) |
Ipafricept |
A proprietary fusion protein comprised of the cysteine-rich domain of frizzled family receptor 8 (Fzd8) fused to the human immunoglobulin Fc domain with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ipafricept competes with the membrane-bound Fzd8 receptor for its ligand, Wnt proteins, thereby antagonizing Wnt signaling. This may result in the inhibition of Wnt-driven tumor growth. Fzd8, a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors, is one of the compon… |
Iparomlimab/Tuvonralimab |
A mixture of the two engineered monoclonal antibodies iparomlimab, which is an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and tuvonralimab, which is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of iparomlimab/… |
Ipatasertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipatasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt in a non-ATP-competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contr… |
Ipilimumab |
A recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Ipilimumab binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin su… |
Ipomeanol |
A natural toxic furan isolated from a fungus-infected sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ipomeanol is activated by mixed function oxidases in vivo to its epoxide form, an alkylating agent that covalently binds cell macromolecules. This agent causes cell death by a p53-independent mechanism. (NCI04) |
Iproplatin |
A synthetic second-generation platinum-containing compound related to cisplatin. Iproplatin binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, resulting in DNA replication failure and cell death. Although less prone to glutathione inactivation compared to cisplatin, resistance to this agent has been observed in vitro due to repair of platination damage by tumor cells. (NCI04) |
iPSC-derived Allogeneic Anti-CD19 1XX-CAR T-cells FT819 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) T-lymphocytes, generated from an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, that have been genetically modified to express a CD19 1XX chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, linked to the co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR (T-cell receptor)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta; CD28z), and inserted into the T-cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) locus and edited for … |
iPSC-derived Allogeneic Anti-HER2 CAR T-cells FT825 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived, multiplexed-engineered alpha-beta T-lymphocytes expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), using a specific H2CasMab-2 binder and Trac-mediated 1XX CAR, with a specific binding domain targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2; EGFR2; ErbB2), with potential antineoplastic activity. FT825 contains seven synthetic controls in order to manipulate cellular f… |
iPSC-derived Anti-BCMA CAR/CD16/IL-15RF-expressing CD38-eliminated NK Cells FT576 |
An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered and multiplex-edited to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor and a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), and to e… |
iPSC-derived Anti-CD19 CAR/CD16/IL-15RF/ADR-expressing CD38-eliminated NK Cells FT522 |
An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered and multiplex-edited to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), an alloimmune defense receptor (ADR) that targets the immune co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumo… |
iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cells FT596 |
An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a NK cell-specific anti-CD19 CAR, a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, and a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing Anti-CD19 CAR-NK Cel… |
iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing CD38-eliminated NK Cells FT538 |
An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered and CRISPR-edited to express a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor and a recombinant fusion of IL-15 and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15RF), and to eliminate CD38 expression, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16/IL-15RF-expressing CD38-eliminated NK cells FT538 bind… |
iPSC-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells FT516 |
An allogeneic, off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cell product derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, and engineered to express a high-affinity, non-cleavable CD16 (hnCD16) Fc receptor, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived CD16-expressing NK cells FT516 bind to the Fc portion of tumor cell-bound monoclonal antibodies and activate NK cell activation, cytokine secretion and antibody-dependent cellular … |
iPSC-derived Natural Killer Cells FT500 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf, natural killer (NK) cells derived from a clonal master induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, iPSC-derived natural killer cells FT500 bind to stress-induced ligands on tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis and release of tumor neoantigens. Additionally, iPSC-NK cells secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis fact… |
Iratumumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. MDX-060 is a fully humanized antibody that targets CD30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily found on activated lymphocytes. CD30 is over-expressed in various lymphoproliferative disorders, Hodgkin disease and other lymphomas, and other cancers. (NCI04) |
IRE1 RNase Inhibitor ORIN1001 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha; IRE1), with potential immunoactivating, chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, IRE1 RNase inhibitor ORIN1001 targets and binds to the RNase domain of IRE1, thereby inhibiting the activity of IRE1. This prevents activation of the IRE1/X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1) pathway, inhibits unfolded protein response … |
Iridium Ir 192 |
A radioactive isotope of iridium. Iridium-192 emits gamma rays and has a half-life of 74 days. A high dose rate of this radioisotope can be used in brachytherapy to treat tumors by selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation to the tumor site. |
Irinotecan |
A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks that i… |
Irinotecan Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. One thousand-fold more potent than its parent compound irinotecan, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resu… |
Irinotecan Hydrochloride and Floxuridine Liposome LY01616 |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) humanized bispecific antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; PDL1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-GARP/PD-L1 bispecific antibody… |
Irinotecan Liposome HR070803 |
A liposomal formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of irinotecan liposome HR070803, irinotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during the S phase of the cell cycle, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Liposome encapsulation of th… |
Irinotecan Sucrosofate |
A liposomal dispersion formulated with the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue irinotecan, provided as the hydrochloride trihydrate form, which is encapsulated and entrapped within liposomes in a gelated or precipitated state as the irinotecan sucrose octasulfate (sucrosulfate) salt form, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the liposomes containing irinotecan sucrosulfate, irinotecan, a prodrug, is converted to a biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-cam… |
Irinotecan/P-glycoprotein Inhibitor HM30181AK Combination Tablet |
An orally bioavailable combination tablet containing the semisynthetic camptothecin derivative irinotecan and the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181AK, with potential antineoplastic activity. HM30181A binds to P-gp and prevents the P-gp-mediated efflux of irinotecan from tumor cells, which may result in greater intracellular concentrations of irinotecan and enhanced cytotoxicity. Retained intracellularly, the prodrug irinotecan is converted, by a ca… |
Irinotecan-Eluting Beads |
Microporous hydrospheres of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) impregnated with irinotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. In transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), irinotecan-eluting beads are administered into blood vessels that feed the tumor, occluding tumor blood vessels and inducing ischemic tumor necrosis while simultaneously delivering high-dose chemotherapy locally. Irinotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable com… |
Irofulven |
A semisynthetic sesquiterpene derivative of illudin S, a natural toxin isolated from the fungus Omphalotus illudens. Irofulven alkylates DNA and protein macromolecules, forms adducts, and arrests cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. This agent requires NADPH-dependent metabolism by alkenal/one oxidoreductase for activity. Irofulven is more active in vitro against tumor cells of epithelial origin and is more resistant to deactivation by p53 loss and MDR1 than other alkylating agents. (NCI04) |
Iroplact |
A recombinant form of the endogenous chemokine platelet factor 4 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. As a heparin-binding tetramer, iroplact inhibits growth factor-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis; it has been shown that this agent inhibits fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) angiogenic activity downstream from the FGF2 receptor. Its activity is antagonized by heparin. Recombinant platelet factor 4 may also directly inhibit the pr… |
Irosustat |
Steroid sulfatase inhibitor BN 83495 selectively binds to and inhibits steroid sulfatase (STS), which may inhibit the production of locally active estrogens and so inhibit estrogen-dependent cell growth in tumor cells, such as those of the breast, ovary, and endometrium. STS is a cytoplasmic enzyme responsible for the conversion of circulating inactive estrone sulfate and estradiol sulfate to biologically active unconjugated estrone and estradiol, respectively. |
Irpagratinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, irpagratinib is specifically and irreversibly binds to the cysteine residue at position 552 (Cys 552) that is within the active site of FGFR4. This blocks FGFR4 autophosphorylation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity that would normally occur after binding to its ligand, fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), which bo… |
Irradiated Allogeneic Human Lung Cancer Cells Expressing OX40L-Ig Vaccine HS-130 |
An allogeneic irradiated human lung cancer cell vaccine expressing a fusion protein composed of the OX40 ligand (OX40L) linked to an immunoglobulin (Ig) (OX40L-Ig), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of irradiated allogeneic human lung cancer cells expressing OX40L-Ig vaccine HS-130, the irradiated lung cancer cells continuously express OX40L-Ig. OX40L may then target, bind to and activate its cognate receptor, tumor necrosis factor … |
IRS1/IRS2/STAT3 Inhibitor NT219 |
An inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and 2 (IRS2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the IRS1/IRS2/STAT3 inhibitor NT219 specifically targets and binds to IRS1/2 and STAT3. Inhibiting IRS1/2 prevents IRS1/2-mediated signaling pathways and other tumor survival pathways. Inhibiting STAT3 prevents nuclear translocation of STAT3 and the STAT3-mediated regulation of oncogenes expression. This c… |
Iruplinalkib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, iruplinalkib binds to and inhibits ALK tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins, ALK point mutation variants ALK L1196M, ALK C1156Y, and EGFR L858R/T790M. Inhibition of ALK leads to the disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-expressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin re… |
Isatuximab |
A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. Isatuximab specifically binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. This may trigger antitumoral antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and apoptosis eventually leading to cell lysis in CD38-expressing tumor cells. CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is present on various immune cells and hematologic maligna… |
Isobrucein B |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from the tropical plant Cedronia granatensis with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. (NCI04) |
Isocoumarin NM-3 |
An orally bioavailable antiangiogenic isocoumarin with potential antineoplastic activity. NM-3 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic growth factor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also induces apoptosis by a mechanism involving reactive oxygen species. (NCI04) |
Iso-fludelone |
A third-generation epothilone B analogue with potential anti-mitotic and antineoplastic activites. Iso-fludelone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to other generations of epothilones, iso-fludelone exhibits increased stability, water solubility, potency, duration of action, tumor penetration as well as reduced to… |
Isotretinoin |
A naturally-occurring retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Isotretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs); activated RARs serve as transcription factors that promote cell differentiation and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory responses and inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, thereby decreasing polyamine synthesis and keratinization. |
Ispectamab Debotansine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of ispectamab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)-kappa monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, member 17; TNFRSF17) site-specifically conjugated, with a non-cleavable linker, to a maytansinoid payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ispectamab debotansine, the ispectamab moiety targets and binds to the cell sur… |
Ispinesib |
A synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, with antineoplastic properties. Ispinesib selectively inhibits the mitotic motor protein, kinesin spindle protein (KSP), resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. Because KSP is not involved in nonmitotic processes, such as neuronal transport, ispinesib may be less likely to cause the peripheral neuropathy often a… |
Ispinesib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of ispinesib, a synthetic small molecule, derived from quinazolinone, and kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ispinesib selectively inhibits KSP and prevents its binding to microtubules, resulting in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the M-phase, and cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. |
ISS 1018 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide |
A short, synthetic, unmethylated CpG motif-based oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) with immunostimulatory activity. As an immunostimulatory sequence (ISS) that signals through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), ISS 1018 CpG ODN induces the production of immunoglobulin by B cells and interferon (IFN) -alpha, IFN-beta, interleukin (IL) -12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -alpha by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). pDC, through cell-cell contact, and IFN-alpha and -beta, in turn, induce natural killer… |
Istiratumab |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) and the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-IGF-1R targeting arm of Istiratumab binds to IGF-1R on tumor cells thereby preventing the binding of the natural ligands IGF-1, 2 and heregulin (HRG) to IGF-1R; the anti-ErbB3 therapeutic arm prevents the binding of neuregulin (NRG) to ErbB3. This prevents the activation of the P… |
Istisociclib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF-b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, istisociclib targets, binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II, leading to the inhibition of gene transc… |
Itacitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway plays a key role in the signaling of ma… |
Itacitinib Adipate |
The adipate salt form of itacitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, itacitinib selectively inhibits JAK-1, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and the production of proinflammatory factors induced by other cytokines, including interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The JAK-STAT pathway pl… |
Itacnosertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of activin A receptor type 1 (activin receptor-like kinase 2; ALK2; ALK-2; ACRV1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,itacnosertib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK-2. This prevents ALK-2-mediated signaling and inhibits cell growth in ALK-2-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, in cancer and inflammatory conditions, ALK-2 is upregulated in response to increased signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especiall… |
Itraconazole Dispersion In Polymer Matrix |
A proprietary oral formulation composed of the poorly soluble, synthetic triazole agent, itraconazole, dispersed in a polymer matrix, with antifungal and potential anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, itraconazole inhibits the enzyme cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, resulting in a decrease in fungal ergosterol synthesis. Although the exact mechanism through which itraconazole inhibits angiogenesis has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to inhibit t… |
IVAC Mutanome Vaccine |
An individualized, poly-neo-epitopic encoding, ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based cancer vaccine that targets a variety of patient-specific, immunogenic mutant epitopes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intranodal administration, the RNA in the individualized mutanome vaccine is translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed protein is presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This leads to an indu… |
Ivaltinostat |
A histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Ivaltinosta tinhibits the catalytic activity of HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. In particular, this agent enhances the histone acetylation of the tumor suppressor gene p53. This results in an accumulation of p53, p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis in tumor cells. HDAC, an… |
Ivarmacitinib |
An orally available inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ivarmacitinib binds to and inhibits JAK1, thereby preventing JAK-dependent signaling. This may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. Ad… |
Ivarmacitinib Sulfate |
The sulfate salt form of ivarmacitinib, an orally available inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ivarmacitinib binds to and inhibits JAK1, thereby preventing JAK-dependent signaling. This may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregula… |
Ivicentamab |
An Fc-engineered, humanized, bispecific hexamer formation-enhanced immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody that targets two separate epitopes on the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD37, with the E430G hexamerization-enhancing mutation, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ivicentamab specifically targets and binds to two non-overlapping CD37 epitopes, thereby inducing an assembly of antibody hexamers through intermolecular Fc-Fc interactions a… |
Ivonescimab |
A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ivonescimab simultaneously targets and binds to both PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells and VEGF expressed on tumor cells. The binding of ivonescimab to PD-1 prevents the activation of P… |
Ivosidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-120 specifically inhibits a mutated form of IDH1 in the cytoplasm, which inhibits the formation of the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). This may lead to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation in IDH1-expressing tumor cells. IDH1, an enzyme in the citric acid cycle, is mutated in a variety of cancers… |
Ivospemin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of ivospemin, an analogue of naturally occurring polyamine (PA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, ivospemin displaces endogenous PAs from PA-binding sites on the cell surface, which prevents internalization of PA. This inhibits PA-dependent cell cycle processes and results in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PA uptake is upregulated in various tumor types and increas… |
Ivuxolimab |
An agonistic antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, ivuxolimab selectively binds to and activates OX40; which induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote a T-cell-mediated immune response against TAA-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor sup… |
Ixabepilone |
An orally bioavailable semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to tubulin and promotes tubulin polymerization and microtubule stabilization, thereby arresting cells in the G2-M phase of the cell cycle and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines. |
Ixazomib |
An active metabolite of MLN9708, a second generation, boron containing peptide proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs… |
Ixazomib Citrate |
The citrate salt form of ixazomib, an orally bioavailable second generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ixazomib inhibits the activity of the proteasome, blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which results in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins; disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Compared to first generation PIs, second generation PIs may have a… |
Izalontamab |
An immunoglobulin G (IgG) bispecific antibody targeting both the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and the epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, izalontamab simultaneously targets and binds to EGFR and HER3 expressed on cancer cells, thereby preventing receptor phosphorylation. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and HER3-mediated signaling pathways and results in the inhibition of tumor cell pr… |
Izastobart |
A differentiated human monoclonal antibody targeting the complement component fragment 5a receptor (C5aR1, CD88), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, izastobart specifically targets and binds to the N-terminus of C5aR1 expressed on subsets of tumor-promoting cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), neutrophils and M2 macrophages. This prevents the binding of its ligand complement factor 5a (C5a) to C5aR1 and prevents the C5aR1-m… |
Izeltabart Tapatansine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9 (ADAM9) that is site-specifically conjugated, via a stable tri-peptide cleavable linker, to DM21, a cytotoxic maytansinoid microtubule-disrupting payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of izeltabart tapatansine, the anti-ADAM9 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to ADAM9 on tumo… |
Izorlisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, izorlisib selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, izorlisib may be more eff… |
Izuralimab |
A humanized, Fc-engineered bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PCD-1; CD279), and inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, izuralimab targets and binds to both PD-1 and ICOS expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This prevents the activation of PD-1 by it… |
JAK Inhibitor |
Any agent that targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more of the Janus kinase family of enzymes. |
JAK Inhibitor INCB047986 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinases (JAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB047986 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK, which affects JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved i… |
JAK1 Inhibitor INCB052793 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 1 (JAK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, INCB052793 specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of JAK1, which interferes with JAK-dependent signaling and may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in JAK1-overexpressing tumor cells. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway is a major mediator of cytokine activity and is often dysregulated… |
JAK2 Inhibitor AZD1480 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor AZD1480 inhibits JAK2 activation, leading to the inhibition of the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling including activation of STAT3. This may lead to induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activation and plays a key role … |
JAK2 Inhibitor BMS-911543 |
An orally available small molecule targeting a subset of Janus-associated kinase (JAK) with potential antineoplastic activity. JAK2 inhibitor BMS-911543 selectively inhibits JAK2, thereby preventing the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling cascade, including activation of STAT3. This may lead to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, mediates STAT3 activati… |
JAK2 Inhibitor BS HH 002.SA |
A derivative of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine (HHT) and an inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, JAK2 inhibitor BS HH 002.SA inhibits JAK2 activity, thereby preventing the activation of the JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway and the activation of STAT3 and STAT5. This may lead to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. JAK2,… |
JAK2 Inhibitor TQ05105 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, JAK2 inhibitor TQ05105 inhibits JAK2 activity, thereby preventing the activation of the JAK/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signaling pathway and the activation of STAT3. This may lead to an induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. JAK2, often upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cells, med… |
JAK2 Inhibitor XL019 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. XL019 inhibits the activation of JAK2 as well as the mutated form JAK2V617F, which may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and may induce apoptosis. The JAK2 mutated form JAK2V617F has a valine-to-phenylalanine modification at position 617 and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. |
JAK2V617F Inhibitor INCB160058 |
An orally bioavailable specific pseudokinase (JH2)-binding inhibitor of the Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation JAK2V617F, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, JAK2V617F inhibitor INCB160058 selectively targets and binds to the pseudokinase (JH2) domain of JAK2V617F at the canonical ATP-binding site and inhibits the activation of JAK2V617F and JAK2V617F-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and may induce apo… |
Jianpi Huatan Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction that may be used for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. |
Jin Fu Kang |
A traditional Chinese herbal medicine derived from the plant Astragalus membranaceus with potential immunopotentiation activity. Jin Fu Kang may stimulate anti-tumor macrophage and natural killer cell activity and may enhance immune recognition of tumor cells by inhibiting the production of T-helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). |
JNK Inhibitor CC-401 |
A second generation ATP-competitive anthrapyrazolone c-Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Based on the chemistry of SP600125, another anthrapyrazolone inhibitor of JNK, CC-401 competitively binds the ATP binding site of JNK, resulting in inhibition of the phosphorylation of the N-terminal activation domain of transcription factor c-Jun; decreased transcription activity of c-Jun; and a variety of cellular effects including decreased cellular prolifera… |
JNK1 Inhibitor BMS-986360 |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK-1; JNK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8; MAPK8), with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, JNK1 inhibitor BMS-986360 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of JNK1. Inhibition of JNK1-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathways induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, decreases migration and invasion, … |
Kallikrein Inhibitor MDPK67b |
A recombinant protein-based inhibitor of numerous types of kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KLK inhibitor MDPK67b targets and inhibits various KLKs, including KLK2, KLK4, KLK5 and KLK14. This inhibits KLK-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which these KLKs are overexpressed. Deregulation of KLKs is associated with some types of cancers. |
Kanglaite |
An injectable microemulsion of a purified oil extracted from the seeds of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Coix lacryma-jobi (Job’s tears), with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, kanglaite exhibits an antineoplastic effect, potentially via interfering with the cell cycle and halting tumor cells in the G2/M phase, which may eventually inhibit mitosis and proliferation of cancer cells. |
Kanitinib |
A tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR; MET) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, kanitinib targets and binds to c-Met and VEGFR2, thereby disrupting c-Met- and VEGFR2-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met and/or VEGFR2 protein. c-Met and VEGFR2 are both over… |
KDM4 Inhibitor TACH101 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, pan inhibitor of histone lysine (K) demethylase 4 (KDM4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KDM4 inhibitor TACH101 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of all members of the KDM4 family of proteins. This may prevent KDM4-mediated signaling, epigenetic dysregulation and inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. The KDM4 family of histone demethylases is frequently upregulated in a variety of c… |
Ketoconazole |
A synthetic derivative of phenylpiperazine with broad antifungal properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Ketoconazole inhibits sterol 14-a-dimethylase, a microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme, thereby disrupting synthesis of ergosterol, an important component of the fungal cell wall. (NCI04) |
Ketotrexate |
A folic acid antagonist and mammalian dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Ketotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme that reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid which is essential for the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate. By depleting tetrahydrofolic acid availability, DNA synthesis is halted. |
Keynatinib |
A third-generation, orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, keynatinib binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondarily acquired resistance mutation, inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR T790M, prevents EGFR T790M-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR T790M-expressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is mutated in many tumor cell types, plays… |
KIF18A Inhibitor GH2616 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human kinesin-like protein KIF18A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KIF18A inhibitor GH2616 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of KIF18A. This may result in multipolar cell division and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. KIF18A, a mitotic kinesin-8 motor protein, plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome positioning during cell division and is overexpressed in certain cancers. Certain cancer cell… |
KIF18A Inhibitor VLS-1488 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human kinesin-like protein KIF18A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KIF18A inhibitor VLS-1488 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of KIF18A. This may result in multipolar cell division and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. KIF18A, a mitotic kinesin-8 motor protein, plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome positioning during cell division and is overexpressed in certain cancers. Certain cancer ce… |
Kinase Inhibitor TQB3912 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule protein kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, kinase inhibitor TQB3912 may target, bind to and inhibit the activity of a protein kinase that plays an important role in tumor cell survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. |
KIT-mutant Inhibitor DCC-3009 |
An orally bioavailable switch-control inhibitor of multiple mutated forms of mast/stem cell factor receptor KIT (c-Kit; SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KIT-mutant inhibitor DCC-3009 targets and binds to the switch pocket of c-Kit, thereby inhibiting the activity of specific c-Kit mutants, including primary KIT mutations in exons 9 and 11 and secondary drug-resistant mutations across exons 13, 14, 17, and 18. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in… |
KIT-mutant Inhibitor IDRX-42 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of multiple mutated forms of mast/stem cell factor receptor KIT (c-Kit; SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KIT-mutant inhibitor IDRX-42 targets, binds to and inhibits specific c-Kit mutants. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in cancer cell types that overexpress these c-Kit mutations. c-Kit, a transmembrane protein and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) overexpressed in various solid tumors and hematolog… |
KLH/NY-ESO-1/MART-1 Peptide-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed dendritic cells (DC) that were matured in the presence of a synthetic complex comprised of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, poly-L-lysine double-stranded RNA, and carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC), and then pulsed with peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells (MART-1/Melan-A), which are linked to the immunostimulant and carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KL… |
KLH-Lymphoma Ig Vaccine |
A chimeric lymphoma vaccine generated by combining the recipient’s Ig idiotype (Id) protein with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), an immune stimulant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with KLH-Lymphoma Ig Vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against lymphoma cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor BBO-8520 |
An orally bioavailable, covalent inhibitor of both the active, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form and the inactive, guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor BBO-8520 targets and binds to the switch II pocket in both the GTP-bound (ON) and GDP-bound (OFF) state conformations of KRAS G12C. This modifies and inhibits both the GTP-bound (active) and GDP-bound … |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor BEBT-607 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor BEBT-607 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in KRAS G12C mutated tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitu… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor BI 1823911 |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor BI 1823911 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transductio… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor BPI-421286 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor BPI-421286 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor D3S-001 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor D3S-001 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive si… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor FMC-376 |
An orally bioavailable, covalent inhibitor of both the active, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form and the inactive, guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound form of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor FMC-376 targets and covalently binds to cysteine 12 within the switch II pocket in both the GTP-bound (ON) and GDP-bound (OFF) state conformations of KRAS G12C. This modifies and inhibits both the GTP-… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor GEC255 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor GEC255 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce c… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor GH35 |
An orally bioavailable irreversible inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor GH35 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal t… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor HBI-2438 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor HBI-2438 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive s… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor HS-10370 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor HS-10370 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive si… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor HYP-2090PTSA |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor HYP-2090PTSA selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in KRAS G12C mutated tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce cons… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor IBI351 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor IBI351 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor JNJ-74699157 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma virus homolog KRAS glycine-to-cysteine substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration JNJ-74699157 targets and binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations … |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor LY3499446 |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LY3499446 targets and covalently binds to cytosine 12 within the switch II pocket of GDP-bound KRAS G12C, thereby inhibiting mutant KRAS-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading t… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor MK-1084 |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor MK-1084 selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in susceptible tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signa… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor RMC-6291 |
An orally bioavailable, covalent inhibitor of the active, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, KRAS G12C(ON), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor RMC-6291 forms a tri-complex with the intracellular chaperone protein and immunophilin cyclophilin A (CypA) and KRAS G12C(ON). This tri-complex inhibits KRAS G12C(ON)-mediated signaling, which may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. KRAS, a member of… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor YL-15293 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor YL-15293 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS G12C mutant, thereby inhibiting KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transducti… |
KRAS G12C Inhibitor ZG19018 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12C inhibitor ZG19018 selectively targets and irreversibly binds to the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C-mediated signaling. This may halt proliferation and metastasis in KRAS G12C mutated tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of… |
KRAS G12D Degrader ASP3082 |
A targeted protein degrader (TPD) of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. ASP3082 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a KRAS G12D-binding moiety. Upon administration, KRAS G12D degrader ASP3082 specifically targets and binds, with its KRAS G12D-targeting moiety, to KRAS G12D mutated protein and, with its E3 ligase-binding moiety, to the … |
KRAS G12D Degrader ASP4396 |
A targeted protein degrader (TPD) of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. ASP4396 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a KRAS G12D-binding moiety. Upon administration, the KRAS G12D-targeting moiety of KRAS G12D degrader ASP4396 specifically targets and binds to KRAS G12D mutated protein and the E3 ligase-binding moiety targets and binds to the E3 ubiquitin ligase, thereby forming a ternary complex… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor AZD0022 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor AZD0022 specifically targets and binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor HRS-4642 |
An inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor HRS-4642 specifically targets and binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mu… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor INCB161734 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor INCB161734 specifically targets and binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, divis… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor LY3962673 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor LY3962673 specifically targets and noncovalently binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell sig… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor MRTX1133 |
An orally bioavailable reversible inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor MRTX1133 specifically targets and noncovalently binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role i… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor QTX3046 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor QTX3046 specifically targets and noncovalently binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor RMC-9805 |
An orally bioavailable covalent tri-complex inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor RMC-9805 specifically targets and non-covalently binds to cyclophilin A to form a non-covalent binary complex, which subsequently covalently and irreversibly binds to the active GTP-bound form of KRAS G12D (KRASG12D(ON)). This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival path… |
KRAS G12D Inhibitor TSN1611 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS G12D inhibitor TSN1611 specifically targets and binds to KRAS G12D. This prevents KRAS G12D-mediated signaling and activation of downstream survival pathways and leads to an inhibition of the growth of tumor cells that overexpress KRAS G12D. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division a… |
KRAS Inhibitor BI 3706674 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor that targets the oncogenic KRAS wild-type (WT) and various KRAS mutant forms, such as KRAS G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS inhibitor BI 3706674 selectively binds to KRAS, thereby inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling and inhibits growth and survival of KRAS-overexpressing and mutated tumor cells. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and diff… |
KRAS Mutant Inhibitor QTX3034 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of various KRAS mutations, including the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation G12D, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, KRAS mutant inhibitor QTX3034 targets, allosterically binds to and inhibits various forms of KRAS mutations, thereby inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling. This inhibits the proliferation of and induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which KRAS is mutated. KRAS plays an important role in cell signaling, division and d… |
KRN5500 |
A semisynthetic derivative of the nucleoside-like antineoplastic antibiotic spicamycin, originally isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alanosinicus. KRN 5500 inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus functions. This agent also induces cell differentiation and caspase-dependent apoptosis. (NCI04) |
KSA-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing an epitope of human tumor-associated KSA antigen (Ep-CAM) conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. KSA antigen, a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein and a cellular adhesion molecule with a molecular mass of 40 kDa, is overexpressed on the majority of epithelial tumor cells. KSA antigen is conjugated with KLH, an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, to enhance immune recognition. Vaccination with KSA-KLH may result in… |
KSP Inhibitor AZD4877 |
A synthetic kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD4877 selectively inhibits microtubule motor protein KSP (also called kinesin-5 or Eg5), which is essential for the formation of bipolar spindles and the proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis. Inhibition of KSP results in an inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, thereby causing c… |
KSP Inhibitor SB-743921 |
A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic properties. SB-743921 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), an important protein involved in the early stages of mitosis that is expressed in proliferating cells. Inhibition of KSP results in inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly and interrupts cell division, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. |
Kunecatechins Ointment |
A topical ointment containing a green tea polyphenol mixture (kunecatechins) with potential antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and chemopreventive activities. Kunecatechins is a partially purified fraction of the aqueous extract of green tea leaves from Camellia sinensis and contains catechins and other green tea components. Catechins, polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolites or flavonoids, comprise most of the drug substance in kunecatechins with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) present… |
Labetuzumab Govitecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing labetuzumab, a mildly reduced, anti-CEACAM5 humanized monoclonal antibody, conjugated to the potent topoisomerase I inhibitor SN-38, with antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of labetuzumab govitecan selectively binds to carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), which is abundantly expressed on the surface of a majority of solid tumors. Upon internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38, the active metabolite of irin… |
Labyrinthin Peptide Vaccine LabVax 3(22)-23 |
A synthetic peptide vaccine composed of four synthetic peptide epitopes of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) labyrinthin, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with labyrinthin peptide vaccine LabVax 3(22)-23, the labyrinthin peptides may stimulate the immune system to mount B-cell and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against labryrinthin-expressing tumor cells. Labyrinthin is expressed on the surface of essentially all adenocarcinomas, but is … |
Lactobacillus vaginalis-containing Vaginal Capsule |
A vaginal capsule formulation containing the lactic acid-producing bacterium Lactobacillus vaginalis (L. vaginalis), with vaginal healing, soothing, protective and immunomodulating activities. Upon intravaginal application of the L. vaginalis-containing vaginal capsule, L. vaginalis provides the naturally occurring vaginal bacterium to a dysregulated vaginal microbiome, and thereby restores the vaginal Lactobacillus flora to an optimal vaginal lactobacillus-dominated microbiota. L. vaginalis … |
Lacutamab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against the immune receptor human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, long cytoplasmic tail, 2 (KIR3DL2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lacutamab binds to KIR3DL2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This recruits natural killer (NK) cells and leads to lysis of KIR3DL2-expressing tumor cells. In addition, IPH4102 induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby further elimi… |
Lacutoclax |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, lacutoclax targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Ladarixin |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, dual inhibitor of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ladarixin selectively targets and allosterically binds to CXCR 1 and 2, thereby preventing CXCR1 and CXCR2 activation by their ligand and pro-inflammatory chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, which inhibits inflammatory processes, reduces both th… |
Ladarixin Sodium |
The sodium salt form of ladarixin, an orally bioavailable, small molecule, dual inhibitor of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, ladarixin selectively targets and allosterically binds to CXCR 1 and 2, thereby preventing CXCR1 and CXCR2 activation by their ligand and pro-inflammatory chemokine interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, which inhibits infl… |
Ladiratuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the anti-solute carrier family 39 zinc transporter member 6 (SLC39A6; LIV-1; ZIP6) protein that is conjugated, via a protease-cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and internalization by LIV-1-positive tumor cells, ladiratuzumab vedotin undergoes enzymatic cleavage to release MMAE into the cytosol. In turn,… |
Ladirubicin |
A 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (idarubicin) analog with an aziridinyl group in position C-3’ and a methylsulphonyl on position C-4’, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, ladirubicin alkylates guanine residues at the N7 position in the DNA major groove, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. |
Laetrile |
Originally, the name laetrile was the contraction of laevo-mandelonitrile glucoside, a cyanogenic glycoside found naturally in some plants. Over the years the meaning of laetrile has changed. There are now preparations called Laetrile where amygdalin is the major constituent. Laetrile and amygdalin are often used interchangeably, but are different agents. Cyanide and benzaldehyde are metabolites of both laetrile and amygdalin. Both metabolites may possess antineoplastic properties. Laet… |
LAIR-2 Fusion Protein NC410 |
A fusion protein of leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptor (LAIR)-2, a high-affinity collagen receptor, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, LAIR-2 fusion protein NC410 binds to the ligand collagen of LAIR-1 (CD305), thereby blocking the binding of LAIR-1 to its ligand collagen and inhibiting LAIR-1-mediated immune suppression. This may result in enhanced T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) activities, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) … |
Lancastotug |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, lancastotug targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby … |
Landogrozumab |
A monoclonal antibody against myostatin (MSTN) with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon administration, landogrozumab binds to and neutralizes the MSTN protein, thereby blocking the MSTN signalling pathway. This may help decrease muscle protein breakdown and muscle weakness and may attenuate cancer cachexia. MSTN, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, is a negative regulator of muscle growth and development. |
Lanerkitug |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) afucosylated monoclonal antibody against C-C-chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lanerkitug targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CCR8 on CCR8-positive tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and prevents chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1)-CCR8-mediated signaling. Lanerkitug eliminates CCR8-positive Tregs via the induction of Fc-mediated antibod… |
Laniquidar |
A stereoisomer of verapamil and third-generation P-glycoprotein inhibitor. Laniquidar inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, resulting in higher concentrations of antineoplastic agents in tumor cells that are multi-drug resistant due to the overexpression of P-glycoprotein. (NCI04) |
Lanreotide Acetate |
The acetate salt of a synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin. Lanreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and also to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity. However, compare with octreotide, this agent is less potent in inhibiting the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Furthermore, lanreotide has an acute effect on decreasing circulating total and free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I). This agent is usually given as a prolonged-release m… |
Lapachone |
A poorly soluble, ortho-naphthoquinone with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activity. Beta-lapachone (b-lap) is bioactivated by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), creating a futile oxidoreduction that generates high levels of superoxide. In turn, the highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) interact with DNA, thereby causing single-strand DNA breaks and calcium release from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores. Eventually, the extensive DNA damage causes hyperactivation of poly(A… |
Lapatinib |
A synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic properties. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types. |
Lapatinib Ditosylate |
The ditosylate salt of lapatinib, a synthetic, orally-active quinazoline with potential antineoplastic activity. Lapatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ErbB2, and the Erk-1 and-2 and AKT kinases; it also inhibits cyclin D protein levels in human tumor cell lines and xenografts. EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growth of various tumor types. |
Laprituximab Emtansine |
A targeted antibody payload (TAP)-based immunoconjugate consisting of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated, via a nonreducible thioether linker (succinimidyl trans-4-(maleimidylmethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylate or SMCC), to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid mertansine (DM1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of laprituximab emtansine binds to and inhibits EGFR on … |
Lapuleucel-T |
A cell-based vaccine targets tumors expressing the HER2/neu marker. HER-2/neu is a growth factor receptor, and its overexpression has been associated with a number of cancers including breast, ovarian, colon and lung cancers. APC8024 comprise of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APCs) that have been exposed to HER2/neu protein and can be administered to the patient. These cells may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response to cancer cells expressing HER2/neu. (… |
Laromustine |
A sulfonyl hydrazine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Laromustine releases the DNA chloroethylating agent 90CE after entering the blood stream; 90CE chloroethylates alkylates the O6 position of guanine, resulting in DNA crosslinking, strand breaks, chromosomal aberrations, and disruption of DNA synthesis. Intracellular metabolism of this agent also releases methyl isocyanate which inhibits O6-alkyl-guanine transferase, an enzyme involved with DNA repair. |
Larotaxel |
A semi-synthetic derivative of the taxane 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activities. Larotaxel binds to tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and stabilization and preventing microtubule depolymerization, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms, this agent may be useful for treating multi-drug resistant tumors. Larotaxel penetrates the blood brain barrier. |
Larotinib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of larotinib, a reversible pan-ErbB inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotinib binds to and inhibits ErbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing ErbB. The ErbB protein family, also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
Larotrectinib |
An orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell gro… |
Larotrectinib Sulfate |
The sulfate salt form of larotrectinib, an orally available, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, larotrectinib binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of cell growth in tumors that overexpress Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and p… |
Lartesertib |
An orally bioavailable ATP-competitive inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), with potential chemo-/radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, lartesertib targets and binds to ATM, thereby inhibiting the kinase activity of ATM and ATM-mediated signaling. This prevents DNA damage checkpoint activation, disrupts DNA damage repair, induces tumor cell apoptosis, and leads to cell death of ATM-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, by preventing … |
Latikafusp |
An antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a mutein of the cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of latikafusp, the antibody moiety specifically targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and … |
Lavendustin A |
A compound isolated from strains of Streptomyces griseolavendus that may exert antitumor activity by inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization. (NCI) |
Lazertinib |
An orally available third-generation, selective inhibitor of certain forms of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, exon 19 deletions (Del19), and the L858R mutation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lazertinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutants, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR mutant-expressing tumor cells…. |
Lazertinib Mesylate Monohydrate |
The hydrated mesylate salt form of lazertinib, an orally available third-generation, selective inhibitor of certain forms of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with activating mutations, including the resistance mutation T790M, exon 19 deletions (Del19), and the L858R mutation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lazertinib specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutants, specifically EGFR exon 19 deletions and exon 21 L858R su… |
Lead Pb 212 Pentixather |
A radioconjugate composed of pentixather, a chemokine receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope lead Pb 212, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lead Pb 212 pentixather targets and binds to CXCR4-expressing cancer cells. This allows for the specific delivery of a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to CXCR4-expressing cancer cells. CXCR4, a marker of poorly differentiated cells, is overexpressed on v… |
Lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing the recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated with the bifunctional chelating agent TCMC ((1,4,7,10-Tetra-(2-Carbamoyl Methyl)-Cyclododecane), and radiolabeled with the alpha-emitting isotope lead Pb 212, with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of lead Pb 212 TCMC-trastuzumab binds with high affinity to the extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); after internalization… |
Lead Pb 212 VMT-a-NET |
A radioconjugate consisting of the human somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2)-targeting peptide and Tyr3-octreotide (TOC) analog, VMT-alpha-NET (VMT-a-NET), the N-terminus of which is conjugated via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker, PEG2, to a lead (Pb)-specific chelator (PSC) and bound to the alpha-emitting radioisotope lead Pb 212, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lead Pb 212 VMT-a-NET, the peptide moiety specifically targets and binds to SSTR2, which is p… |
Lead Pb 212-DOTAM-GRPR1 |
A radioconjugate consisting of a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeting antagonist conjugated, through a bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent DOTAM (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic amide; TCMC), to the alpha-emitting radioisotope lead Pb 212, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lead Pb 212-DOTAM-GRPR1 targets and binds to GRPR-expressing tumor cells. This allows for the specific delivery of a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to G… |
Lead Pb 212-VMT01 |
A radioconjugate composed of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MSHR; melanocortin-1 receptor; MC1R; melanin-activating peptide receptor; melanotropin receptor)-targeting peptide, VMT01, conjugated to the alpha-emitting radioisotope lead Pb 212, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lead Pb 212-VMT01 targets and binds to MC1R-expressing tumor cells. This allows for the specific delivery of a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to MC1R-expressing tumor cells. MC1… |
Lebrikizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against interleukin 13 (IL-13) with immunosuppressive and anti-asthmatic activities. Lebrikizumab binds to IL-13 and inhibits IL-13-mediated pathways. IL-13, a cytokine mainly secreted by type 2 helper T cells, plays a key role in the induction of allergic inflammation. |
Lefitolimod |
A synthetic oligonucleotide based on a proprietary double stem-loop immunomodulator design with potential immunostimulating activity. Lefitolimod binds to and activates intracellular Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in monocytes/macrophages, plasmacytoidal and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells, initiating immune signaling pathways and inducing T-helper 1 cell (Th1) production leading to the production of memory T cells and a Th1-mediated immune response. By activating th… |
Leflunomide |
A derivative of isoxazole used for its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. As a prodrug, leflunomide is converted to an active metabolite, A77 1726, which blocks dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of de novo pyrimidine synthesis, thereby preventing the expansion of activated T lymphocytes. This agent also inhibits various protein tyrosine kinases, such as protein kinase C (PKC), thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Lemzoparlimab |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lemzoparlimab preferentially binds to a unique epitope of CD47 on tumor cells. This blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inh… |
Lenalidomide |
A thalidomide analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Lenalidomide inhibits TNF-alpha production, stimulates T cells, reduces serum levels of the cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and inhibits angiogenesis. This agent also promotes G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of malignant cells. |
Lenalidomide Analog KPG-121 |
A lenalidomide analog with potential anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, lenalidomide analog KPG-121 may inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, stimulate T-lymphocytes, reduce serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF; FGF2), and inhibit angiogenesis. Additionally, KPG-121 may promote G1 cell cycle arrest and induce apoptosis in malignant cells. |
Lenalidomide Prolonged-release Formulation NEX-20A |
A prolonged-release formulation composed of a suspension of the thalidomide analog lenalidomide coated with slow-dissolving nontoxic inorganic oxides, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration via subcutaneous injection, the coating dissolves and lenalidomide is released. Lenalidomide inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, stimulates T-lymphocytes, reduces serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF… |
Lentivirus Vector rHIV7-shI-TAR-CCR5RZ-transduced Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells |
Autologous, CD34-positive hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) transduced with rHIV7-shI-TAR-CCR5RZ, a lentiviral vector encoding three anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA genes, with potential antineoplastic activity. The 3 RNA products produced by the lentilvirus are: a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeted to an exon of the HIV-1 genes tat/rev, designated as shI; a decoy for the HIV TAT reactive element, designated as TAR; a ribozyme targeting the host cells CCR5 chemokine receptor, … |
Lenumlostat |
An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of lysyl oxidase homolog 2 (lysyl oxidase-like protein 2; LOXL2) with potential antifibrotic activity. Upon oral administration, the aminomethyl pyridine moiety of lenumlostat interacts with the active site of LOXL2 to form a pseudo-irreversible inhibitory complex, thereby inhibiting the catalytic activity of LOXL2. LOXL2, a secreted glycoprotein, catalyzes the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target pro… |
Lenvatinib |
A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Lenvatinib blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. |
Lenvatinib Mesylate |
A synthetic, orally available inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2, also known as KDR/FLK-1) tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. E7080 blocks VEGFR2 activation by VEGF, resulting in inhibition of the VEGF receptor signal transduction pathway, decreased vascular endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. |
Lenzilumab |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody against the cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, lenzilumab binds to and neutralizes GM-CSF. This prevents GM-CSF binding to the GM-CSF receptor, which is a heterodimeric protein expressed on myeloid progenitor cells, and prevents GM-CSF-mediated signaling. This may induce apoptosis in and inhibit proliferation of cancer cells that overproduce GM-CSF. GM-CSF plays a … |
Lerapolturev |
A recombinant, live attenuated, nonpathogenic oncolytic virus containing the oral poliovirus Sabin type 1 in which the internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) is replaced with the IRES from human rhinovirus type 2 (HRV2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lerapolturev, the poliovirus is selectively taken up by and replicates in tumor cells expressing CD155 (poliovirus receptor, PVR or NECL5) eventually causing tumor cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, … |
Lerociclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) types 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lerociclib selectively inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, which inhibits the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) early in the G1 phase, prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregula… |
Lestaurtinib |
An orally bioavailable indolocarbazole derivative with antineoplastic properties. Lestaurtinib inhibits autophosphorylation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), resulting in inhibition of FLT3 activity and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress FLT3. (NCI05) |
Letaplimab |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, letaplimab selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces… |
Letetresgene Autoleucel |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) NY-ESO-1 and L antigen family member 1 (LAGE-1; Cancer/Testis Antigen 2; CTAG2; CT2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and reintroduction into the patient, letetresgene autoleucel specifically target and bind to NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1-overexpressing tumor cells. Thi… |
Letolizumab |
A dimeric fusion protein composed of the C-terminus of the domain antibody (dAb) BMS2h-572-633 targeting the CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154) linked to a modified Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon intravenous administration, the peptide moiety of letolizumab specifically targets and binds to CD40L expressed on T-lymphocytes. This prevents the binding of CD40L to its cognate receptor CD40 expressed on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic c… |
Letrozole |
A nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis with antineoplastic activity. As a third-generation aromatase inhibitor, letrozole selectively and reversibly inhibits aromatase, which may result in growth inhibition of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Aromatase, a cytochrome P-450 enzyme localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and found in many tissues including those of the premenopausal ovary, liver, and breast, catalyzes the aromatization of androstenedione and testosteron… |
Leucovorin Calcium |
An active metabolite of folic acid (also called folinic acid and citrovorum factor), which does not require metabolism by dihydrofolate reductase, the molecular target of folate antagonist-type chemotherapeutic drugs. Leucovorin calcium counteracts the toxic effects of these medications, ‘rescuing’ the patient while permitting the antitumor activity of the folate antagonist. This agent also potentiates the effects of fluorouracil and its derivatives by stabilizing the binding of the drug’s m… |
Leukemic Apoptotic Corpse-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cells |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with corpses of apoptotic leukemic cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, autologous dendritic cells pulsed with leukemic apoptotic corpse may activate the immune system to mount an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against leukemic cells expressing leukemia-associated antigens, which may result in leukemic cell lysis and inhibition of tumor cell g… |
Leuprolide |
A synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estrad… |
Leuprolide Acetate |
The acetate salt of a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in … |
Leuprolide Acetate for Injectable Suspension TOL2506 |
A subcutaneous injectable suspension formulation containing the acetate salt form of leuprolide, a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of the leuprolide acetate for injectable suspension TOL2506, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR… |
Leuprolide Acetate Sustained-release Microspheres PT105 |
A sustained-release (SR) injectable microsphere formulation composed of the acetate salt of leuprolide, a synthetic, long-acting nonapeptide analog of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR and the inhibition of pituitary… |
Leuprolide Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of leuprolide, a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR and the inhibition of pituitary secretion of the gonadotropins follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In … |
Leuprolide Mesylate Injectable Suspension |
A depot suspension for injection composed of the mesylate salt of leuprolide, a synthetic, long-acting nonapeptide analog of the endogenous hormone gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous injection of the depot suspension, leuprolide binds to and activates the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR). The continuous stimulation of GnRHR by leuprolide results in both the desensitization of pituitary GnRHR and the inhibition of pit… |
Leurubicin |
An N-L-leucyl prodrug of the anthracycline doxorubicin, with antineoplastic activity. Leurubicin is converted to its active form doxorubicin in or on tumor cells by hydrolytic enzymes. |
Lexatumumab |
A fully human monoclonal agonistic antibody directed against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural ligand TRAIL, lexatumumab binds to and activates TRAIL-R2, which may trigger apoptosis in and inhibit the growth of TRAIL-R2-expressing tumor cells. TRAIL-R2, also known as death receptor 5 (DR5), is a member of the TNF receptor family and is expressed on many malignant cell types. |
Lexibulin |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule with tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting, and potential antineoplastic activities. Lexibulin inhibits tubulin polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase; this may result in disruption of the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, and tumor cell death. |
L-Gossypol |
The levo-enantiomer of an orally bioavailable polyphenolic aldehyde, derived primarily from unrefined cottonseed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the inhibitory BH3 (Bcl-2 homology 3) domain of endogenous antagonists of Bcl-2, L-gossypol binds to and inhibits various anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent has greater affinity for Bcl-2 proteins than racemic gossypol. |
Liarozole |
An orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent, liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis. |
Liarozole Fumarate |
The orally active fumarate salt of the benzimidazole derivative liarozole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosy… |
Liarozole Hydrochloride |
The fumarate salt of an orally-active benzimidazole derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. As a retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA), liarozole inhibits cytochrome P450-dependent all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-4-hydroxylase, resulting in an increase in endogenous ATRA production, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell differentiation. This agent also inhibits aromatase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final, rate-limiting step in estrogen biosynthesis. |
Licartin |
An immunoradioconjugate containing metuximab, an antibody fragment targeting the hepatocellular cancer (HCC)-associated antigen HAb18G/CD147, that is conjugated to the radioisotope iodine I 131, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the metuximab moiety of licartin targets and binds to HAb18G/CD147 on HCC cells; upon internalization, the radioisotope I 131 delivers a cytotoxic dose of gamma radiation, thereby causing selective destruction of HAb18G/CD147-expressing cell… |
Licorice |
An herbal extract derived from the root of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antineoplastic activities. Licorice root extract contains glycoside glycyrrhizinic acid and numerous flavonoids. Glycyrrhizinic acid in licorice root extract is hydrolyzed to glycyrrhetic acid (GA); GA inhibits 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, resulting in inhibition of the conversion of cortisol to the inactive steroid cortisone and elevated cortisol levels. In addi… |
Lifastuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (NaPi2b), and covalently linked to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of DNIB0600A binds to NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells and is internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Proteolytic cleavage… |
Lifileucel |
A preparation of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), with potential antineoplastic activity. TILs are isolated from a patient’s tumor tissue, cultured in vitro with high-dose interleukin-2 (lL-2), further selected based on antigen specificity and tumor reactivity, and the selected TILs are subsequently expanded. Upon re-introduction of lifileucel into the patient, the TILs re-infiltrate the tumor, specifically recognize the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and initiate tumor ce… |
Lifirafenib |
An inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Lifirafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF and certain BRAF mutant forms, and EGFR. This prevents BRAF- and EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells that either contain a mutated BRAF gene or express over-activated EGFR. In addition, BGB-283 inhibits mutant forms of the Ras proteins K-RAS and … |
Ligand Directed Degrader BMS-986460 |
A ligand directed degrader (LDD) composed of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety that is conjugated, via a linker, to an as of yet undisclosed moiety that targets a prostate specific tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LDD BMS-986460 specifically and simultaneously targets and binds to the TAA on prostate tumor cells and to E3 ubiquitin ligase, thereby creating a ternary complex. This induces E3 ligase ubiquitination and proteasome-me… |
Ligufalimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting leukocyte surface antigen CD47, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ligufalimab targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells, blocking the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of macrophage activation and phagocy… |
Lilotomab |
A murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the CD37 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lilotomab both activates the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD37-overexpressing tumor cells and induces apoptosis in these tumor cells. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B-cells and to a lesser extent on T-cells and myeloid cells, and is frequently overexpress… |
Limantrafin |
An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor that targets the assembly of the NOTCH transcription complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, limantrafin targets and inhibits the NOTCH transcriptional activation complex in the cell nucleus. This inhibits the expression of NOTCH target genes and prevents NOTCH signaling, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells mediated by an overly-active Notch pathway. Overactivation of the Notch… |
Limonene, (+)- |
An oral dietary supplement containing a natural cyclic monoterpene, and a major component of the oil extracted from citrus peels, with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, D-limonene activates aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 (ALDH3A1), thereby decreasing aldehyde level. This may protect salivary stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) from toxic aldehydes and prevent or improve radiation-induced xerostomia. Limonene and its metabolites perillic acid, dihydroperi… |
Limonene, (+/-)- |
A racemic mixture of limonene, a natural cyclic monoterpene and major component of the oil extracted from citrus rind with chemo-preventive and antitumor activities. The metabolites of DL-limonene, perillic acid, dihydroperillic acid, uroterpenol and limonene 1,2-diol are suggested to inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of p21-dependent signaling, induce apoptosis via the induction of the transforming growth factor beta-signaling pathway, inhibit post-translational modification of signal … |
Linavonkibart |
A monoclonal antibody directed against latent human transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, linavonkibart specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the activation of latent TGFb1 complexes, thereby preventing TGFb1-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune respons… |
Linifanib |
An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Linifanib inhibits members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor families; it exhibits much less activity against unrelated RTKs, soluble tyrosine kinases, or serine/threonine kinases. This agent does not have a general antiproliferative effect due to its high dose requirement. However, linifanib may exhibit potent antiproliferat… |
Linoleyl Carbonate-Paclitaxel |
A formulation of the 6-omega fatty acid derivative 2’-linoleyl carbonate (LOC) conjugated to paclitaxel, a taxane compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. LOC enhances the uptake of paclitaxel by tumor cells, thereby concentrating this agent in tumor cells compared t… |
Linperlisib |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration linperlisib selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling … |
Linrodostat |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, linrodostat specifically targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan into the immunosuppressive metabolite kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, BMS-986205 restores and promotes the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including … |
Linsitinib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Linsitinib selectively inhibits IGF-1R, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, IGF-1R stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis. |
Lintuzumab |
A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against CD33, a cell surface antigen found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells. Lintuzumab stimulates antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing CD33, resulting in a decrease in tumor burden. The humanized version of this monoclonal antibody exhibits less immunogenicity and improved binding affinity compared to its murine counterpart. |
Linvoseltamab |
A human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs): one directed again the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and another directed against the CD3 antigen expressed on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, linvoseltamab binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA … |
Liothyronine I-131 |
A radioconjugate of synthetic active thyroid hormone, liothyronine (T3), labeled with Iodine 131. Liothyronine involves many important metabolic functions and is essential to the proper development and differentiation of all cells. I131 liothyronine may be used in radiotherapy in thyroid cancers. |
Lipid Encapsulated Anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1 |
short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1, STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lipid-encapsulated anti-PLK1 siRNA TKM-PLK1, siRNA binds to PLK1 mRNA, which results in the inhibition of both the translation and expression of the PLK1 protein. Blockage of PLK1 expression prevents proper tumor cell mitosis, causes cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNA Encoding Human Single-chain IL-12 ABO2011 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human single-chain interleukin-12 (scIL-12), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection, the LNP moiety binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the scIL-12 mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce scIL-12, which is secreted into the local tumor microenvironment (TME). I… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated mRNAs Encoding Human IL-12A/IL-12B MEDI-1191 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL-12B; IL-12 subunit p40) and interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL-12A; IL-12 subunit p35) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, upon intratumoral injection, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to the plasma membrane of nearby cells and releases the IL-12A and … |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated MYC-targeting mRNA-based Agent OTX-2002 |
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based formulation consisting of a biscistronic mRNA that encodes two independent epigenomic controllers targeting the proto-oncogene MYC (c-Myc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LNP encapsulated MYC-targeting mRNA-based agent OTX-2002, the lipid formulation promotes the uptake by tumor cells. The biscistronic mRNA is then translated by the cellular protein translation machinery to produce two independent epigenomic controllers consisti… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416 |
A proprietary formulation consisting of a lipid nanoparticle encapsulating a synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely characterized, following intratumoral injection of lipid nanoparticle encapsulated OX40L mRNA-2416, the lipid nanoparticle moiety presumably binds to th… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated Self-replicating RNA Encoding Human IL-12 JCXH-211 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating self-replicating RNA (srRNA) encoding human interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of LNP encapsulated srRNA encoding human IL-12 JCXH-211, the LNPs bind to the plasma membrane of nearby tumor cells and release srRNA encoding IL-12 into the tumor cells. The srRNA amplifies within the tumor cells, and is translated by the cellular protein translation ma… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulated Self-replicating RNA Encoding Human IL-12 STX-001 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating self-replicating RNA (srRNA) encoding human interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of LNP encapsulated srRNA encoding human IL-12 STX-001, the LNPs bind to the plasma membrane of nearby tumor cells and release srRNA encoding IL-12 into the tumor cells. The srRNA amplifies within the tumor cells, and is translated by the cellular protein translation mac… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Beta-catenin siRNA ALN-BCAT |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) targeting beta-catenin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LNP encapsulating beta-catenin siRNA ALN-BCAT, the LNP formulation delivers the siRNA particles to the tumor cells where the beta-catenin siRNA targets and binds to beta-catenin mRNA. This results in the inhibition of the translation and expression of beta-catenin. This disrupts beta-catenin-dependen… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating Glutathione S-transferase P siRNA NBF-006 |
A biodegradable, lyophilized lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LNP encapsulating GSTP siRNA NBF-006, the LNP formulation delivers the siRNA particles to the tumor cells where the GSTP siRNA targets and binds to GSTP mRNA. This results in the inhibition of the translation and expression of GSTP and may inhibit proliferation of KRAS-… |
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulating mRNAs Encoding Human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752 |
A lipid nanoparticle encapsulating mRNAs encoding for the human co-stimulatory protein tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4; OX40 Ligand; OX40L), the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-36gamma (IL-36gamma), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) injection of the lipid nanoparticle encapsulated mRNAs encoding human OX40L/IL-23/IL-36gamma mRNA-2752, the lipid nanoparticle binds to the plasma membrane … |
Lipid Nanoparticle-encapsulated EBV mRNA Vaccine mRNA-1189 |
A vaccine consisting of a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating four messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) envelope glycoproteins gp42, gp220, gH and gL, with potential immunizing activity against EBV. Upon intramuscular administration of LNP-encapsulated EBV mRNA vaccine mRNA-1189, the LNP binds to the plasma membrane of cells and releases the mRNAs into the cells. The mRNAs are then translated by ribosomes to produce the EBV envelope glycoproteins. This may activate … |
Liposomal Bcl-2 Antisense Oligonucleotide BP1002 |
A liposomal-based nanoparticle composed of an uncharged P-ethoxy antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) targeting Bcl-2 mRNA and incorporated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of liposomal Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide BP1002, this agent targets and hybridizes with Bcl-2 mRNA and inhibits the expression of Bcl-2 protein. This may induce tumor cell apoptosis of Bcl2-overexpressing tumor cells and may decrease tumor cell proliferation. Bcl2, a protein inv… |
Liposomal Chk1 Inhibitor SMP-3124 SMP-3124LP |
A liposomal formulation containing an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon administration of liposomal chk1 inhibitor SMP-3124 SMP-3124LP, SMP-3124 selectively targets and binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhibition of cell cycle arrest, and induction of apoptosis. Chk1, an ATP-dependent serine/threonine kinase, … |
Liposomal CMTR2 Inhibitor AT-1965 |
A liposomal formulation containing an inhibitor of cap-specific mRNA (nucleoside-2-O-)-methyltransferase 2 (cap-methytransferase 2; CMTR2; MTR2; FTSJD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, liposomal CMTR2 inhibitor AT1965 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of CMTR2. This causes the innate immune sensors to recognize the mRNA as non-self and results in an anti-viral immune response leading to the activation of B-cells and resulting in … |
Liposomal c-raf Antisense Oligonucleotide |
The liposomal formulation of a c-raf-1 antisense oligonucleotide, with potential antineoplastic activity. Liposomal c-raf antisense oligonucleotide targets the translation initiation site of human c-raf-1 mRNA, thereby blocking the expression and production of Raf-1 protein and thus inhibit tumor cell growth and development. Raf-1 plays a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which regulates mammalian cell proliferation and growth. The liposomal formulation increases the solubility o… |
Liposomal Curcumin |
A liposomal formulation containing curcumin, a poorly water-soluble polylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, with potential antineoplastic, chemopreventive, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of liposomal curcumin, this agent blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species, neutralizes free radicals, and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties as a result of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX) and other enzymes involv… |
Liposomal Cytarabine |
A liposomal intrathecal formulation of the antimetabolite cytarabine. As an S-phase-specific antimetabolite, cytarabine is phosphorylated by deoxycytidine kinase to a triphosphate form which competes with thymidine for incorporation into DNA; the incorporation of cytarabine triphosphate into DNA appears to inhibit DNA polymerase and so DNA synthesis, resulting in cell death. (NCI04) |
Liposomal Daunorubicin Citrate |
A liposome-encapsulated form of the citrate salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Daunorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin citrate improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of therapeutic drug effects. |
Liposomal Docetaxel |
A formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents such as Tween 80, permitting the administration of larger doses of docetaxe… |
Liposomal Eribulin Mesylate |
A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the mesylate salt form of eribulin, a synthetic, macrocyclic ketone analogue of halichondrin B, a substance derived from the marine sponge genus Halichondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Eribulin binds to the vinca domain of tubulin and inhibits both the polymerization of tubulin and the assembly of microtubules. This results in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, as well as tumor cell… |
Liposomal HPV-16 E6/E7 Multipeptide Vaccine PDS0101 |
A liposomal nanoparticle-based therapeutic vaccine composed of the cationic lipid R-DOTAP (R-enantiomer of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride) encapsulating six human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) E6 and E7 peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of the liposomal HPV-16 E6 and E7 multipeptide vaccine, the nanoparticles are taken up by antigen presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs), which may stimulate the immune sy… |
Liposomal iNKT Agonist PORT-2 |
A liposomal formulation of IMM60, a synthetically derived small molecule agonist of natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of liposomal iNKT agonist PORT-2, IMM60 targets and binds to the T-cell receptor on iNKTs, thereby activating iNKTs. In turn, iNKTs recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands, which are expressed on certain tumor cells, and secr… |
Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride |
A formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This leads to the induction of apoptosis in the rapidly dividing cancer cel… |
Liposomal MUC1/PET-lipid A Vaccine ONT-10 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a 43 amino acid epitope from glycoprotein MUC1 (mucin 1) and the synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) agonist PET lipid A encapsulated in cholesterol/dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) liposomes, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The MUC1 epitope is composed of two 20 amino glycosylated VNTR (various number tandem repeats) from human MUC1A and including 6 glycosylated sites modified by Tn (… |
Liposomal NDDP |
A synthetic liposomal formulation of bis-neodecanoate diaminocyclohexane platinum (NDDP), a third-generation platinum complex analogue of cisplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. After displacement of the 2 long-chain aliphatic leaving groups (neodecanoic acid), platinum diaminocyclohexane (DACH) complexes become highly reactive and alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-stranded DNA cross-linkings and inhibiting DNA synthesis, which results in tumor cell cytotoxicit… |
Liposomal SN-38 |
The liposomal formulation of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. SN-38 has been reported to exhibit up to 1,000-fold more cytotoxic activity against various cancer cells in vitro than irinotecan. The liposom… |
Liposomal Topotecan FF-10850 |
A liposome encapsulated formulation of the semisynthetic camptothecin analogue topotecan with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposomal topotecan FF-10850 preferentially releases topotecan, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, into the tumor environment. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religatio… |
Liposomal Vinorelbine |
A formulation of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, vinorelbine, encapsulated within liposomes, with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Like other vinca alkaloids, vinorelbine may also interfere with the metabolism of nucleic acids, lipids, amino acids, cAMP, and glutathione, as well as other biological processes including calmodulin-dependent Ca2+-transport, ATPase activity, or cellu… |
Liposomal-based Cream Base |
A smooth, thick cream that is used as a base for topical and transdermal delivery of pharmaceuticals. The proprietary formula utilizes a multi-emulsion liposomic system that is insoluble in water and alcohol. |
Liposome-encapsulated Daunorubicin-Cytarabine |
A liposomal formulation containing a fixed combination of the antineoplastic agents cytarabine and daunorubicin in a 5:1 molar ratio. Liposome-encapsulated daunorubicin-cytarabine has been designed to provide optimal delivery of a specific ratio of cytarabine to daunorubicin, one that has been shown to be synergistic in vitro. The antimetabolite cytarabine competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decre… |
Liposome-Encapsulated Doxorubicin Citrate |
A formulation of the citrate salt of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, encapsulated within liposomes, with antitumor activity. Doxorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Liposomal delivery of doxorubicin improves drug penetration into tumors and decreases drug clearance, thereby increasing the duration of thera… |
Liposome-encapsulated miR-34 Mimic MRX34 |
A liposomal formulation containing a nucleotide that mimics the human tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) miR-34, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-encapsulated MRX34 mimics miR-34 by inhibiting the expression of a variety of oncogenes including MYC, MET, BCL2, and beta-catenin. This induces cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. miR-34 is downregulated in most solid and hematologic malignancies and regulates the expression of… |
Liposome-encapsulated OSI-7904 |
A liposome-encapsulated formulation of the benzoquinazoline folate analog OSI-7904 with antineoplastic activity. As a thymidylate synthase inhibitor, OSI-7904 noncompetitively binds to thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymine nucleotide synthesis and DNA replication. Liposome encapsulation improves the efficacy and increases the half-life of OSI-7904. (NCI04) |
Liposome-encapsulated RB94 Plasmid DNA Gene Therapy Agent SGT-94 |
A systemic gene therapy anti-cancer agent composed of cationic liposomes, which encapsulates plasmid DNA encoding for the tumor suppressor gene RB94 and is complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single chain antibody fragment (TfRscFv), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon systemic administration of liposome-encapsulated RB94 plasmid DNA gene therapy agent SGT-94, the TfRscFv portion of this agent selectively targets the tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. TfRscFv binding … |
Liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA Vaccine W_ova1 |
A vaccine consisting of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding three tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) specific for ovarian cancer that are encapsulated in liposomes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the liposome-encapsulated TAAs mRNA vaccine W_ova1, the liposomes bind to the plasma membrane of cells and release the mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is then translated by ribosomes to produce the TAAs. The TAAs are presented to the immune system which ma… |
Lipustobart |
A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, lipustobart binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, leading to t… |
Lirafugratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lirafugratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which results in the inhibition of FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the proliferation of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration and survival. |
Lirafugratinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of lirafugratinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lirafugratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR2, which results in the inhibition of FGFR2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the proliferation of FGFR2-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR2, a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proli… |
Lirametostat |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lirametostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferation of EZH2-expressing c… |
Lirentelimab |
A humanized, nonfucosylated immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8 (Siglec-8) expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, with potential anti-inflammatory activity. Upon administration, lirentelimab targets and binds to Siglec-8 expressed on the surface of mast cells and eosinophils. This may inhibit mast cell activation and deplete eosinophils through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxici… |
Lirilumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody against killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lirilumab binds to KIR, thereby preventing the binding of KIR ligands to KIR on natural killer (NK) cells. By blocking these inhibitory receptors, NK cells become activated and attack cancer cells leading to tumor cell death. KIR, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on the surface of NK cells. |
Lisaftoclax |
An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, lisaftoclax targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 is overexpressed in many cancers and plays an important role in the negative regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associated with increased drug resistance and tumor cell survival. |
Lisavanbulin |
An orally available, highly water-soluble lysine prodrug of the synthetic small molecule BAL27862 with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration of lisavanbulin and conversion into the active form BAL27862, this agent binds to tubulin at a site distinct from the vinca-alkaloid-binding site, and prevents tubulin polymerization and destabilizes microtubules, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and an induction of cell death in cancer cells. |
Lisocabtagene Maraleucel |
A preparation of a defined ratio of CD4+ and CD8+ autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, lisocabt… |
Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-Prostate Cancer Neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-504 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a fusion protein composed of specific prostate cancer (PC) neoantigens fused to a fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-LLO-PC neoantigens vaccine ADXS-504, the expressed LLO-PC neoantigens is processed by antigen presenting cells (APCs… |
Listeria monocytogenes-LLO-PSA Vaccine ADXS31-142 |
A cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a fusion protein composed of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) fused to a fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-LLO-PSA vaccine ADXS31-142, the expressed LLO-PSA is processed by antigen presenting cells (APCs), present… |
Litronesib |
An inhibitor of the kinesin-related motor protein Eg5 with potential antineoplastic activity. Litronesib selectively inhibits the activity of Eg5, which may result in mitotic disruption, apoptosis and consequently cell death in tumor cells that are actively dividing. The ATP-dependent Eg5 kinesin-related motor protein (also known as KIF11 or kinesin spindle protein-5) is a plus-end directed kinesin motor protein that plays an essential role during mitosis, particularly in the regulation of sp… |
Live Attenuated Measles Virus Vaccine |
A live, attenuated measles vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, live attenuated measles virus vaccine may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against measles-positive tumor cells. Measles virus has been shown to be present in some non-small cell lung cancers. |
Live Freeze-Dried Lactic Acid Bacteria Probiotic |
A probiotic containing live, cultivated, freeze-dried lactic acid bacteria with gastrointestinal (GI) protective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and potential antitumor properties. Oral administration of probiotic bacteria help maintain adequate colonization of the GI tract and modulate the composition of the normal microflora. Upon colonization of the GI tract, the probiotic bacteria form a protective barrier, interfere with the attachment of pathogenic bacteria and other harmful substa… |
Live-Attenuated Listeria Encoding Human Mesothelin Vaccine CRS-207 |
A recombinant Listeria-based cancer vaccine containing a live-attenuated strain of the facultative intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) expressing human mesothelin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of this vaccine, Listeria invade professional phagocytes within the immune system and express mesothelin, which may activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell ly… |
Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes-encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine ADU-623 |
A live-attenuated, double-deleted strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding a mutant form of the tumor associated antigens, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) and the cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-NY-ESO-1 vaccine targets dendritic cells and expresses EGFRvIII and NY-ESO-1. This promotes both a pot… |
Liver Cancer Neoantigens-sensitized Autoimmune Cells IPM001 |
A preparation of autoimmune cells that have been sensitized to liver cancer neoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities, Upon administration of the liver cancer neoantigens-sensitized autoimmune cells IPM001, these cells may eradicate the liver cancer cells. |
Livmoniplimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) activator, glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP; leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 32; LRRC32), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, livmoniplimab selectively targets and binds to GARP which interferes with the production and release of active TGFbeta by regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Selective inhibition of the release of TGFbeta from Tregs … |
Lixumistat |
An orally bioavailable biguanide compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lixumistat inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, decreases mitochondrial function, prevents tumor cell metabolism and deprives tumor cells of energy, thereby preventing tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial OxPhos is overactivated in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. Drug resistant tumor cells are ve… |
Lixumistat Acetate |
The acetate salt form of lixumistat, an orally bioavailable biguanide compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lixumistat inhibits oxidative phosphorylation, decreases mitochondrial function, prevents tumor cell metabolism and deprives tumor cells of energy, thereby preventing tumor cell proliferation. Mitochondrial OxPhos is overactivated in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferati… |
L-lysine/L-arginine-containing Amino Acid |
An intravenous (IV) amino acid (AA) solution containing the cationic amino acids L-lysine and L-arginine, with radioprotective activity. Upon IV administration of the AA solution, L-lysine and L-arginine are specifically taken up by the kidneys. This protects the kidneys from toxicity by certain co-administered radio-labeled peptides as they compete with radio-labeled peptides for renal uptake. This reduces uptake of the radio-labeled peptides by the kidneys and decreases their renal retentio… |
LMB-1 Immunotoxin |
A chimeric protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A without its cell-binding region. LMB-1 immunotoxin targets B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope found on some solid tumors. The antibody attaches to the tumor cell and the exotoxin stops protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04) |
LMB-2 Immunotoxin |
A fusion protein consisting of the Fv portion of a monoclonal antibody attached to a 38-kDa fragment of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (with amino acids 365-380 deleted). LMB-2 immunotoxin targets the interleukin 2 receptor (also known as IL-2R or CD25) which is expressed on activated normal T and B cells and macrophages and on the cells of various hematologic malignancies. The antibody attaches to the IL-2R on the cell membrane, facilitating the entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induc… |
LMB-7 Immunotoxin |
A single chain chimeric protein consisting of a monoclonal antibody fragment attached to a portion of the Pseudomonas exotoxin A. LMB-7 immunotoxin attaches to B3, a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate epitope on some solid tumor cells. The antibody attaches to the cell and the exotoxin inhibits protein synthesis by inactivating elongation factor 2. (NCI04) |
LMB-9 Immunotoxin |
A recombinant disulfide stabilized anti-Lewis Y IgG immunotoxin containing a 38 KD toxic element derived from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A and a monoclonal antibody fragment, designed to target adenocarcinomas expressing Lewis Y. LMB-9 immunotoxin attaches to tumor cells, facilitating he entry of the exotoxin. The exotoxin moiety induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotina… |
LmddA-LLO-chHER2 Fusion Protein-secreting Live-attenuated Listeria Cancer Vaccine OST31-164 |
A cancer vaccine containing a live, highly attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (LmddA) encoding a fusion protein composed of a chimeric peptide comprised of three highly immunogenic epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2/neu (chHER2) fused to a non-hemolytic fragment of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (LLO) protein, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the LmddA-LLO-chHER2 vaccine OST3… |
L-methylfolate |
A nutritional supplement containing the biologically active form of the B9 vitamin folate, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (L-methylfolate), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, L-methylfolate is able to provide methyl groups allowing an increase in the level of DNA methylation in the promoter regions of certain tumor-promoting genes, thereby reversing the DNA hypomethylation of these genes and inactivating them. This may result in a decrease of both tumor cell proliferation … |
LMP1/BARF1/EBNA1-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) made specifically reactive to three Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins, latent membrane protein (LMP) 1, BamH1-A rightward frame-1 (BARF1) and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Administration of LMP1/BARF1/ EBNA1-specific CTLs to patients with LMP1/BARF1/EBNA1-positive tumors may result in a specific CTL response against the tumor cells expressing these antigens, which can result in both cell lysis a… |
LMP-2:340-349 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 340 through 349 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:340-349 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against LMP-2 produc… |
LMP-2:419-427 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing amino acids residues from 419 through 427 of the latent membrane protein-2 (LMP-2) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. LMP-2, an EBV transmembrane protein, is expressed in various malignancies including nasopharyngeal cancer and EBV-positive Hodgkin disease. Vaccination with the LMP-2:49-427 peptide may boost the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against LMP-2 producing cel… |
LMP2A-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein-2A (LMP2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. T-lymphocytes are exposed ex vivo to dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with a replication-deficient adenovirus encoding EBV LMP2A. Subsequently, LMP2A-specific CTLs are exposed to EBV infected cells transfected with adenovirus encoding LMP2A, thereby further stimulating CTLs. Administered to patients with EBV-positive tum… |
LMP2-specific IL-12 Secreting T Cell Receptor-transduced T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to encode a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein (LMP) 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the LMP2-specific IL-12 secreting TCR-transduced T-lymphocytes (TCR-T) recognize and bind to EBV LMP2, which may promote cell death and inhibit the growth of tumor cells expressing LMP2. In addition, IL-12 expression activates the immune system by promoting the se… |
LMP2-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1 and 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the autologous LMP1/LMP2/EBNA1-specific, HLA-A02:01/24:02/11:01-restricted TCR-expressing T-lymphocytes YT-E001 recognize and bind to HLA… |
LMP7 Inhibitor M3258 |
An orally bioavailable, potent, selective, reversible inhibitor of the large multifunctional peptidase 7 (LMP7, Beta5i, PSMB8), a chymotrypsin-like, proteolytic subunit of the immunoproteasome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LMP7 inhibitor M3258 targets and inhibits the proteolytic activity of the LMP7 subunit of immunoproteasome, thereby blocking its deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradatio… |
Lm-tLLO-neoantigens Vaccine ADXS-NEO |
A proprietary, personalized plasmid DNA-based cancer vaccine composed of a live-attenuated strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) carrying a proprietary plasmid vector encoding multiple, patient-specific, immunogenic neoepitopes fused to a truncated form of the immunostimulant listeriolysin O (tLLO), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the Lm-tLLO-neoantigens vaccine ADXS-NEO, the ADXS-NEO is taken up by antigen pre… |
Lobaplatin |
A third-generation, water-soluble platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Lobaplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes that bind to nucleophilic groups such as GC- and AG-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand DNA cross-links. These cross-links will ultimately result in induction of apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to first and second generation platinum compounds, lobaplatin appears to be more stable, less toxic, have a better therapeutic ind… |
Locally-acting Temozolomide Formulation SI-053 |
A powder for gel formulation containing the cytotoxic alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), an imidazotetrazine derivative of the alkylating agent dacarbazine, immobilized on the polymeric carrier dextran phosphate, with potential antineoplastic activity. The TMZ formulation SI-053 forms a viscous gel upon reconstitution in water. Upon local intraoperative administration of the gel into the cavity that is formed after resection of the brain tumor, SI-053 allows for local and prolonged action o… |
Locnartecan |
A miniature drug conjugate composed of the irinotecan metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to a ligand of chaperone protein heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of locnartecan, the HSP90 ligand moiety targets HSP90, which allows the conjugate to penetrate, accumulate and be retained in the tumor cell. Once the linker is cleaved, the SN-38 moiety is released in a sustained manner. SN-38 … |
Lodapolimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lodapolimab binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, which may enhance the T-cell-mediated immune response to neoplasms and reverse T-cell inactivation. PD-L1 is overexpressed… |
Lometrexol |
A folate analog antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the 6R diastereomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis, arresting cells in the S phase of the cell cycle, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the folate antagonis… |
Lometrexol Sodium |
The sodium salt form of lometrexol, a folate analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. As the stereoisomer of 5,10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, lometrexol selectively inhibits glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The agent has been shown to be active against tumors that are resistant to the fol… |
Lomustine |
A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Lomustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent also carbamoylates DNA and proteins, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and disruption of RNA processing. Lomustine is lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04) |
Lomvastomig |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lomvastomig simultaneously targets and binds to both TIM-3 and PD-1 expressed on certain T-cells…. |
Lonafarnib |
A synthetic tricyclic derivative of carboxamide with antineoplastic properties. Lonarfanib binds to and inhibits farnesyl transferase, an enzyme involved in the post-translational modification and activation of Ras proteins. Ras proteins participate in numerous signalling pathways (proliferation, cytoskeletal organization), and play an important role in oncogenesis. Mutated ras proteins have been found in a wide range of human cancers. (NCI04) |
Loncastuximab Tesirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an anti-CD19 humanized monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker comprised of valine-alanine and maleimide, to a cytotoxic, cross-linking agent pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody portion of loncastuximab tesirine targets the cell surface antigen CD19 on various cancer cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internali… |
Long PD-L1 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine composed of a long peptide, containing amino acids 19 through 27 (FMTYWHLLNAFTVTVPKDL), obtained from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with long PD-L1 peptide vaccine, the peptide may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against PD-L1-expressing cells. This may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CT… |
Long Peptide Vaccine 7 |
A peptide vaccine consisting of a combination of seven synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are each about 30 amino acids in size, and derived from cancer-testis antigens (CTA) and melanocytic differentiation proteins (MDP), with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, long peptide vaccine 7 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these peptides. CTA and MDP are overexpressed … |
Long-acting Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-341 |
A long-acting and recombinant form of asparaginase (Erwinia asparaginase; crisantaspase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of long-acting recombinant Erwinia asparaginase JZP-341, the recombinant asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. This depletes cancer cells of asparagine, which blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid d… |
Long-acting Release Pasireotide |
A long-acting release (LAR) formulation containing pasireotide, a synthetic long-acting cyclohexapeptide, with somatostatin-like activity. Upon intramuscular administration of the LAR formulation of pasireotide, this somatostatin analog strongly binds to and activates somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes 1, 2, 3, and 5. This leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) and results in decreased production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), which may inhibit IGF-1-… |
Lontucirev |
An E1B-55kDa-deleted adenovirus that is able to selectively replicate in and lyse TP53-deficient human tumor cells. After tumor cell lysis, released viruses infect neighboring tumor cells, tripping a chain of lontucirev-mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Lorigerlimab |
A hinge stabilized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) tetravalent bispecific antibody-like protein directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lorigerlimab specifically binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits t… |
Lorlatinib |
An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and C-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lorlatinib binds to and inhibits both ALK and ROS1 kinases. The kinase inhibition leads to disruption of ALK- and ROS1-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK- and ROS1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, PF-06463922 is able to cross the blood brain barrier. A… |
Lorukafusp alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of hu14.18, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the surface disialoganglioside GD2, fused to two human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-2 molecules, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, the antibody moiety of lorukafusp alfa specifically targets and binds to GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells. This may stimulate the activation of immune e… |
Lorvotuzumab Mertansine |
An immunoconjugate of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (huN-901) and DMI, a semi-synthetic derivative of the plant-derived ansa macrolide maytansine. The antibody moiety of BB-10901 selectively attaches to CD56 antigen, a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)) expressed on the surface of cells of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and other neuroendocrine (NE) tumors. Thus, the DMI conjugate is targeted specifically to CD56-expressing tumor cells, where it inhibits tubulin polymerization and … |
Losatuxizumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of losatuxizumab vedotin selectively targets and binds to EGFR. Upon internalization and proteolytic… |
Losoxantrone |
An anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. |
Losoxantrone Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of losoxantrone, an anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Losoxantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Losoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. |
Lovastatin |
A lactone metabolite isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Lovastatin is hydrolyzed to the active beta-hydroxyacid form, which competitively inhibits 3-hydroxyl-3-methylgutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis. In addition, this agent may induce tumor cell apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell invasiveness, possibly by inhibiting protein farnesylation and protein geranylgeranylati… |
LRP5 Antagonist BI 905681 |
An antagonist of the lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LRP5 antagonist BI 905681 targets and binds to LRP5, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands to LRP5. This prevents the formation of the serpentine receptor Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5 trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, which leads to beta-catenin degradation. This inhibits the Wnt/beta-caten… |
LRP5/6 Antagonist BI 905677 |
A humanized biparatopic nanobody composed of two blocking domains for the Wnt ligand co-receptors lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRP) 5 and 6, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, BI 905677 targets and binds to LRP5 and LRP6, thereby blocking the binding of Wnt ligands to LRP5/6. This prevents the activation of the Frizzled (FZD)-Wnt-LRP5/6 trimeric complex and prevents the inactivation of the beta-catenin degradation complex, which leads… |
LSD1 Inhibitor GSK2879552 |
An orally available, irreversible, inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK2879552 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the dimethylated form of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. This may lead to an inhibition of cell … |
LSD1 Inhibitor SYHA1807 |
An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1; KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LSD1 inhibitor SYHA1807 targets, binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor suppressor ge… |
LSD1 Inhibitor TAS1440 |
An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1; KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LSD1 inhibitor TAS1440 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor s… |
LSD1/HDAC6 Inhibitor JBI-802 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of two proteins that are part of the corepressor to the silencer repressor element 1 (RE1) silencing transcription factor (REST) complex (CoREST complex): histone deacetylase (HDAC) type 6 (HDAC6; HDAC-6) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1; KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LSD1/HDAC6 inhibitor JBI-802 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of HDAC6, and prevents the HDAC6-mediated aggresomal degradation of ubi… |
Lucanthone |
An orally available thioxanthone-based DNA intercalator and inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1 or APE1), with anti-schistosomal and potential antineoplastic activity. Lucanthone intercalates DNA and interferes with the activity of topoisomerases I and II during replication and transcription, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of macromolecules. In addition, this agent specifically inhibits the endonuclease activity of APE1, without affecting its redox… |
Lucatumumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell surface antigen CD40 with potential antineoplastic activity. Lucatumumab binds to and inhibits CD40, thereby inhibiting CD40 ligand-induced cell proliferation and triggering cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells overexpressing CD40. CD40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is highly expressed in a num… |
Lucicebtide |
A peptide antagonist of the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBP beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lucicebtide targets and inhibits the activity of C/EBP beta. This prevents the expression of C/EBP beta target genes and proteins, including the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclins and inhibitor of differentiation (ID) family of proteins, which are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle re… |
Lucitanib |
A novel dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with antiangiogenic activity. Lucitanib inhibits VEGFR-1, -2, -3 and FGFR-1, -2 kinases in the nM range, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor cell types. |
Lucorafusp Alfa |
A bifunctional fusion protein composed of a humanized Fc-mutant anti-T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) antibody fused to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of lucorafusp alfa, the TGFbetaRII moiety targets, binds to and neutralizes TGF-beta while the anti-TIGIT antibody moiety simultaneo… |
Luminespib |
A derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Luminespib has been shown to bind with high affinity to and inhibit Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays a key role in the conformational matu… |
Luminespib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of luminespib, a derivative of 4,5-diarylisoxazole and a third-generation heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luminespib binds with high affinity to and inhibits Hsp90, resulting in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins; the inhibition of cell proliferation; and the elevation of heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72) in a wide range of human tumor cell lines. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, plays… |
Lumistobart |
An antibody targeting human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lumistobart targets and binds to SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages, thereby blocking the interaction between SIRPa and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) expressed on tumor cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of ph… |
Lumretuzumab |
An immunoconjugate containing a glycoengineered, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lumretuzumab binds to the extracellular domain of HER3 and inhibits HER3 dimerization; thereby, preventing EGFR-dependent signaling. In addition, RO5479599 stimulates the immune system to exert antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This may decrease proliferation of HER3… |
Lumrotatug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lumrotatug specifically targets and binds to CD38 expressed on tumor cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) and apoptosis, resulting in cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing tumor cells. In addition, lu… |
Lunbotinib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lunbotinib selectively binds to various RET fusions and mutations, including solvent front resistance mutations, and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors that exhibit increased RET activity due to these fusions and mutations. RET overexpression, activatin… |
Lung Tumor Associated Antigen |
A tumor associated antigen derived from the cell surface antigen of lung cancer cells. Lung tumor associated antigen could be used as a diagnostic marker or as a form of immunotherapy targeted against lung cancer cells. |
Lung-targeted Immunomodulator QBKPN |
A proprietary, lung-targeted, site specific immunomodulator (SSI), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact type and composition of the lung-targeted immunomodulator QBKPN has yet to be fully disclosed, upon subcutaneous administration, this agent is able to activate a local innate immune response in the lung tissue. This results in an increased number of M1 macrophages, which induces a shift from M2 to M1 macrophage dominance in the tumor microenviro… |
Lunresertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase (PKMYT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, lunresertib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of PKMYT1. This results in the inhibition of CDK1 phosphorylation, which may promote both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, and lead to the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells, such as… |
Lupartumab Amadotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody against a structural homolog of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and tumor-associated antigen, C4.4a, and conjugated with a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, lupartumab amadotin targets and binds to C4.4a-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and cell entry, the cytotoxic agent kills the tumor cell. C4.4a, a glycolipid-anchored membrane protein and a member o… |
Lurbinectedin |
A synthetic tetrahydropyrrolo [4, 3, 2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one alkaloid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Lurbinectedin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death. |
Lurtotecan |
A semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex. As a consequence of the formation of this complex, both the initial cleavage reaction and religation steps are inhibited and subsequent collision of the replication fork with the cleaved strand of DNA results in inhibition of DNA replication, double strand DNA breakage and triggering of apoptosis. Indepe… |
Lurtotecan Liposome |
A liposome-encapsulated formulation of lurtotecan with antineoplastic activity. Lurtotecan, a semisynthetic analogue of camptothecin, selectively stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex and forms an enzyme-drug-DNA ternary complex during S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks. This ultimately results in an inhibition of DNA replication, inducing double-stranded DNA breakages, obstruction of RNA and protein sy… |
Lutadenovec Autogene |
A personalized cancer vaccine comprised of a chimpanzee adenovirus vector (ChAdV) encoding twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient’s tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of lutadenovec autogene, the adenovirus infects cells and expresses the TSNAs. This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cell… |
Lutetium Lu 177 AB-3PRGD2 |
A radiopharmaceutical agent comprised of a pegylated cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) dimer (PRGD2) labeled with lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity against alphaVbeta3 integrin-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 AB-3PRGD2, the RGD moiety binds to alphaVbeta3 integrin on alphaVbeta3 integrin-expressing tumor cells. The tumor cells can be eradicated upon direct cytotoxicity through beta radiation. AlphaVbeta3 integrin, a member of the … |
Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-CA19-9 Monoclonal Antibody 5B1 |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a human monoclonal antibody (huMAb-5B1) against the carbohydrate antigen sialyl Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19-9) that is conjugated to the chelator 2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-cyclohexyl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (CHX-A’’-DTPA) and labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu 177), with radioisotopic activity and potential use as an antineoplastic radiotherapeutic and an imaging agent in both planar imaging and single-p… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Anti-PD-L1 Nanobody RAD204 |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of a nanobody directed against programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging activity of PD-L1 tumor antigen expression during single-photon emission computerized tomography/computerized tomography (SPECT/CT) and with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 anti-PD-L1 nanobody RAD204, the RAD204 moiety targe… |
Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin |
A radioconjugate of biotin conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and labeled with the beta-emitting isotope lutetium Lu 177 (Lu-177) that can be used for radioimmunotherapeutic purposes. Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-biotin could be used in pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy, which pretreats the lesion with oxidized avidin that binds to protein amino groups on cells. As avidin binds to biotin, the radioisotope can be selectively del… |
Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-N3-CTT1403 |
A radioconjucate consisting of CTT1403, a phosphoramidate-based irreversible inhibitor of human prostate-specific membrane antigen with an albumin binding moiety, connected via click chemistry to lutetium Lu 177-dodecanetetraacetic acid-azide (177Lu-DOTA-N3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-N3-CTT1403 targets and binds to PSMA expressed on tumor cells via its CTT1403 moiety, and upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly … |
Lutetium Lu 177 Dotatate |
A radioconjugate consisting of the tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog Tyr3-octreotate (TATE) conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tum… |
Lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-Tetulomab |
A radioimmunoconjugate, which consists of a monoclonal antibody against the cell-surface antigen CD37 covalently linked, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu 177 DOTA-tetulomab binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells. Upon internalization, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD37-exp… |
Lutetium Lu 177 EB-PSMA-617 |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-617, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the Evans blue (EB) moiety and linked via the macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of lutetium Lu 177 EB-PSMA-617, EB-PSMA-617 targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor c… |
Lutetium Lu 177 FF58 |
A radioconjugate composed of FF58, a non-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp/RGD) small molecule targeting the transmembrane receptors integrin alpha V beta 3 (avb3) and 5 (avb5), linked to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against integrin avb3/5-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 FF58 targets and binds to integrin avb3/5-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, integrin avb3/5-expressing tumor cells … |
Lutetium Lu 177 Lilotomab-satetraxetan |
A radioconjugate consisting of lilotomab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD37 antigen, conjugated via the chelating agent 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan, the lilotomab moiety binds to CD37 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, lutetium Lu 177 lilotomab-satetraxetan delivers a cytotoxic dos… |
Lutetium Lu 177 LNC1004 |
A radioconjugate consisting of an Evans blue (EB) modified fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPi), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 LNC1004, the FAPi moiety targets and binds to FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Upon binding and internalization,… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Ludotadipep |
A radioconjugate composed of ludotadipep, a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting agent, linked to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 ludotadipep targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antig… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Monoclonal Antibody CC49 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with lutetium 131 (Lu-177). MoAb CC49 binds to the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Lu-177 MoAb CC49 delivers gamma radiation emitting Lu-177 nuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, and so may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers. |
Lutetium Lu 177 NNS309 |
A radioconjugate composed of NNS309, which targets an as of yet unelucidated target on tumor cells, that is conjugated to the radionuclide and beta-emitter lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity against the target expressing-tumor cells. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177 NNS309, the NNS309 moiety targets and binds to tumor cells expressing the target. The tumor cells can be eradicated upon direct cytotoxicity through beta radiation. |
Lutetium Lu 177 PP-F11N |
A radioconjugate composed of PP-F11N, a gastrin analog, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and potential use as an imaging agent for scintigraphy. Following intravenous administration, the PP-F11N moiety binds to the cholecystokinin-2 (CCK-2) receptor. Subsequently, the CCK-2 receptor-expressing tumor cells can be visualized scintigraphically. In addition, the radioisotope moiety delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to C… |
Lutetium Lu 177 PSMA-EB-01 |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-EB-01, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand conjugated to the Evans blue (EB) moiety, and linked to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of lutetium Lu 177 PSMA-EB-01, PSMA-EB-01 targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the … |
Lutetium Lu 177 Rosopatamab Tetraxetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of rosopatamab, a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the external domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) that is linked, via the chelating agent, dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and imaging activity during single-photon emission computerized tomography/computerized tomography (SPECT/CT). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 rosopatamab tetraxe… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Satoreotide Tetraxetan |
A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin antagonistic peptide satoreotide tetraxetan (JR11) that is linked, via the chelating agent dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and imaging activity during positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-JR11 binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity for SSTR2, present on the cell membranes … |
Lutetium Lu 177 Tezuvotide Tetraxetan |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-10.1, a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration, lutetium Lu 177 tezuvotide tetraxetan targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-617, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of lutetium Lu 177 vipivotide tetraxetan, vipivotide tetraxetan targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of… |
Lutetium Lu 177 XT117 |
A radioconjugate composed of XT117, a fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPi), conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 XT117 targets and binds to FAP-expressing CAFs. Upon binding, FAP-expressing CAFs are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. FAP, a cell surface protein, is overexpre… |
Lutetium Lu 177 Zalsenertant Tetraxetan |
A radioconjugate consisting of the neurotensin receptor type 1 (NTR1) antagonist, IPN01087 (3BP-227), that is linked, via the chelating agent, dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity and imaging activity during positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 zalsenertant tetraxetan binds to NTR1 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, t… |
Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-ABM-5G |
A radioconjugate composed of 5G, an integrin alphaVbeta6 (aVb6)-targeting peptide, conjugated, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetra-azacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetra-acetic acid (DOTA) to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, and an albumin-binding moiety (ABM), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-ABM-5G, the 5G moiety selectively targets and binds to integrin aVb6-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, aVb6-ex… |
Lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE |
A radioconjugate consisting of Evans blue (EB) modified, tyrosine-containing somatostatin analog, Tyr3-octreotate (TATE), conjugated with the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (DOTA), and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, lutetium Lu 177-DOTA-EB-TATE binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), specifically with high affinity to type 2 SSTRs (SST… |
Lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of omburtamab, a murine immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the surface immunomodulatory glycoprotein human B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276), conjugated, via the chelating agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), to the radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intracerebroventricular administration of lutetium Lu 177-DTPA-omburtamab, the omburtamab moiety binds to B7-H3 expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon… |
Lutetium Lu 177-EB-LM3 |
A radioconjugate composed of LM3, a human somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonist, conjugated to the albumin-binding dye Evans blue (EB) and linked to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against SSTR-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177-EB-LM3 targets and binds to SSTRs that are present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Upon binding, SSTR-expressing tumor cells are destroyed b… |
Lutetium Lu 177-Edotreotide |
A radioconjugate consisting of the somatostatin analogue edotreotide labeled with lutetium Lu 177 with potential antineoplastic activities. Lutetium Lu 177-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), with high affinity to type 2 SSTR, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to SSTR-positive cells. Edotreotide is produced by substituting tyr… |
Lutetium Lu 177-EVS459 |
A radioconjugate composed of EVS459, a folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1)-targeting moiety, radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177-EVS459, the FOLR1-targeting moiety targets and binds to FOLR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, FOLR1-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. FOLR1 is a glycosylphosphatidylin… |
Lutetium Lu 177-FAP-2286 |
A radioconjugate composed of FAP-2286, a fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeted peptide, attached to the chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N’,N”,N’”-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177-FAP-2286, the FAP-2286 moiety targets and binds to FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and FAP-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding and… |
Lutetium Lu 177-NeoB |
A radioconjugate consisting of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) antagonist, NeoB, linked via the chelating agent, dodecanetetraacetic acid (DOTA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, lutetium Lu 177 NeoB targets and binds to GRPRs present on certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, this radioconjugate specifically delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to GRPR-expressing cells. GRPR, al… |
Lutetium Lu 177-PNT6555 |
A radioconjugate composed of PNT6555, a fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting moiety linked to the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177-PNT6555, the FAP-targeting moiety targets and binds to FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and FAP-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding… |
Lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-I&T |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-I&T, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand linked, via the bifunctional, macrocyclic chelating agent 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1-(glutamic acid)-4,7,10-triacetic acid (DOTAGA; DOTA-GA), to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon administration of lutetium Lu 177-PSMA-I&T, PSMA-I&T targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. … |
Lutetium Lu-177 Capromab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of capromab linked to lutetium Lu 177 via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelator methoxy-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (MeO-DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Lutetium Lu 177-capromab binds to human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expressed on tumor cell surfaces via its capromab moiety and, upon internalization, delivers cytotoxic beta radiation directly to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PSMA is a cell surface glycoprotein abundant… |
Lutetium Lu-177 Girentuximab |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 linked to the low energy beta-emitting radioisotope Lutetium 177, via the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of lutetium Lu-177-DOTA-chimeric monoclonal antibody cG250 binds to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells expressing the RCC-associated antigen G250; a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation is selectively del… |
Lutetium Lu-177 PNT2002 |
A radioconjugate composed of PNT2002, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of lutetium Lu-177 PNT2002, the PNT2002 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSMA, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) an… |
Lutetium Lu-177 PSMA-R2 |
A radioconjugate composed of PSMA-R2, a human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ligand, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177 (177Lu), with potential antineoplastic activity against PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon intravenous administration of 177Lu-PSMA-R2, the PSMA-R2 moiety targets and binds to PSMA-expressing tumor cells. Upon binding, PSMA-expressing tumor cells are destroyed by 177Lu through the specific delivery of beta particle radiation. PSM… |
Lutetium Lu-177 Rituximab |
A radioconjugate composed of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, conjugated to the beta-emitting radioisotope lutetium Lu 177, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20 expressed on tumor cells and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to CD20-expressing cells. CD20 is expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B-lymphocytes and is overexpre… |
Luveltamab Tazevibulin |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of SP8166 (H01), an anti-folate receptor alpha (FolRa; FOLR1) human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody, conjugated to a proprietary cleavable drug linker, SC239, containing a tubulin-targeting 3-aminophenyl hemiasterlin warhead, SC209, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the SP8166 antibody moiety targets and binds to FolRa expressed on certain tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization, and enzymatic cleavage, the … |
Luvixasertib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the dual specificity protein kinase TTK (monopolar spindle 1 kinase, Mps1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luvixasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and accelerates mitosis, which results in chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer … |
Luvometinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luvometinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1 and MEK2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosi… |
Luxdegalutamide |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR)-targeted protein degrader, composed of an AR ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety and utilizing the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, luxdegalutamide targets and binds to the AR ligand binding domain on the AR. E3 ligase is then recruited to the AR by the E3 ligase recognition moiety of luxdegalutamide and the AR is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubi… |
Luxeptinib |
An orally bioavailable reversible, pan-inhibitor of both FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, luxeptinib targets, non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both FLT3, including both wild-type (WT) FLT3 and FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKD), and gatekeeper (FLT3-F691L) mutant forms, a… |
LV.IL-2/B7.1-Transduced AML Blast Vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1 |
A whole-cell cancer vaccine, containing human acute myeloid leukemic (AML) blasts that have been genetically engineered to express a B7.1/IIL-2 fusion protein encoded by a self-inactivating lentiviral vector (LV), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, LV.IL-2/B7.1-transduced AML blast vaccine RFUSIN2-AML1 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against AML cells. The single fusion protein encoded by the LV is postsynthetically … |
LY6K/VEGFR1/VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A multipeptide vaccine consisting of peptides derived from lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K (LY6K) and type I and II vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY6K/VEGFR1/VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may elicit an antitumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against LY6K-expressing tumor cells and/or VEGFR-expressing vascular endothelial cells involved in tumor angiogenesis. LY6K is a tumor-associated antige… |
Lymphodepleted Autologous CD4-directed CAR T Cells |
A preparation of autologous peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the T-cell surface antigen CD4, administered with lymphodepletion, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, lymphodepleted autologous CD4-directed CAR T cells specifically recognize and kill CD4-expressing tumor cells. CD4, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed in various lympho… |
Lymphoma TAA-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A population of autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. White blood cells are grown ex-vivo and are exposed to dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with lymphoma tumor associated antigens (TAAs); the TAA-specific CTLs are further expanded ex-vivo before being introduced into the patient. Upon infusion with TAA-specific CTLs, these CTLs may help activate tumor-specific CTL responses in the patient, thereby specifically killing TAA-expressing … |
Lyophilized Black Raspberry Lozenge |
A lozenge containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in phenolic acids, such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids. The anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent’s effects. Anthocyanins inhibit both the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activate… |
Lyophilized Black Raspberry Saliva Substitute |
A saliva substitute (or artificial saliva) containing lyophilized black raspberry with potential antioxidant, pro-apoptotic and chemopreventive activities. In addition to vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, black raspberries are rich in flavonols of which the anthocyanins appear to contribute significantly to this agent’s chemopreventive effects. Anthocyanins inhibit the activation of several signal transduction pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated pathways, and … |
Lyophilized Human Recombinant Interferon-beta 1a FP-1201 |
A lyophilized form of recombinant human interferon (IFN) beta-1a (rhIFNb-1a), with potential protective activity. Upon dissolution of lyophilized rhIFNb-1a FP-1201 and intravenous administration, IFNb-1a upregulates the expression of and increases the levels of 5’-nucleotidase (CD73). This induces adenosine monophosphate (AMP) degradation and the production of adenosine. Adenosine acts to enhance endothelial barrier function via adenosine receptor activation and may prevent or reduce the incr… |
Lyophilized Inactivated Group A Streptococcus TARA-002 |
A lyophilized formulation containing cultures of the low-virulent Su strain of group A Streptococcus pyogenes, treated and killed with penicillin G, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravesical administration, lyophilized inactivated group A Streptococcus TARA-002 may, as an immunostimulant, activate both the innate and adaptive immune system. This enhances neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocyte tumor infiltration and increases the production of key immune … |
Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Inhibitor INCB059872 |
An orally available inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, INCB059872 binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively, through amine oxidation. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor-suppressor genes. In … |
Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposome Doxorubicin |
A temperature-sensitive liposomal formulation of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, circulating thermosensitive liposomes are activated locally by increasing the tumor temperature to 40-41 degrees Celsius using an external heat source. The elevated temperature causes compositional changes in the liposomes, creating openings that allow for the release of encapsulated doxorubicin. Compared to non-thermosensitive lipo… |
Maackia amurensis Seed Lectin |
A preparation of lectin extracted from the seeds of Maackia amurensis, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Maackia amurensis seed lectin (MASL) may target and bind to podoplanin (PDPN), thereby blocking the activation of PDPN by endogenous ligands. This may inhibit tumor cell growth, migration and metastasis that result from PDPN activation. PDPN, a transmembrane receptor glycoprotein that is overexpressed in some cancer types, promotes tumor cell migration, invasion,… |
Macimorelin |
An orally available synthetic mimetic of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue ghrelin with potential anti-cachexia activity. Upon oral administration, macimorelin mimics endogenous ghrelin by stimulating appetite and binds to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHSR in the central nervous system, thereby mimicking the GH-releasing effects of ghrelin from the pituitary gland. Stimulation of GH secretion increases insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels which may further stimulate prot… |
Macitentan |
An orally available dual endothelin receptor (ETR) antagonist with potential antihypertensive and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, macitentan and its metabolites block the binding of endothelin isoform 1 (ET-1) to type-A and type-B ETR on both the tumor cells and the endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature. This prevents ET-1 mediated signaling transduction which may decrease tumor cell proliferation, progression, and angiogenesis in tumor tissue. ET-1, a potent vasoconstricto… |
Macrocycle-bridged STING Agonist E7766 |
An agonist of macrocycle-bridged stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, macrocycle-bridged STING agonist (MBSA) E7766 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). T… |
Maekmoondong-tang |
A traditional East Asian herbal medicine composed of six herbs, including Ophiopogonis tuber, Pinelliae tuber, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, and Oryzae semen, with potential anti-tussive activity. Maekmoondong-tang is traditionally prescribed for respiratory symptoms to direct the qi downwards and compensate for lung-yin deficiency or dry lung by tonifying yin and moistening the lung. Although the exact mechanisms through which Maekmoondong-tang exerts its effects have y… |
Mafosfamide |
A synthetic oxazaphosphorine derivative with antineoplastic properties. Mafosfamide alkylates DNA, forming DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Although closely related to cyclophosphamide, mafosfamide, unlike cyclophosphamide, does not require hepatic activation to generate its active metabolite 4-hydroxy-cyclophosphamide; accordingly, mafosfamide is potentially useful in the intrathecal treatment of neoplastic meningitis. (NCI04) |
MAGE-1 Vaccinia Contaminated with BVDV |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the tumor-associated gene MAGE-1 that is contaminated with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The MAGE-1 gene is a member of the melanoma antigen-encoding gene family which is expressed in various malignant tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors in addition to melanoma. Vaccination with vaccinia virus expressing human MAGE-1 may generate antitumoral T-cell responses. BVDV is an RNA pestivirus that m… |
MAGE-10.A2 |
A synthetic nonapeptide derived from a melanoma-associated antigen. Vaccination with MAGE-10.A2 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express the melanoma-associated antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
MAGE-12 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic vaccine comprised of a peptide consisting of peptide fragments of melanoma-associated antigen 12 (MAGE-12). MAGE-12 has been identified as an epitope recognized by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Vaccination with MAGE-12 peptide stimulates the host immune system to mount a TIL response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-12, potentially resulting in decreased tumor growth. |
MAGE-3.A1 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide cancer vaccine consisting of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A1-restricted peptide derived from human melanoma antigen 3 (MAGE-3) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-3.A1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. |
MAGE-A1, Her-2/neu, FBP Peptides Cancer Vaccine |
A synthetic cancer vaccine comprised of multiple peptides derived from MAGE-1A, Her-2/neu, and folate binding protein (FBP), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic properties. MAGE-A1, Her-2/neu, and FBP proteins are simultaneously over-expressed in various cancer cell types, such as epithelial ovarian cancer. The MAGE-A1, Her-2/neu, FBP peptides cancer vaccine includes the peptides MAGE-A1:161-169, FBP:191-199, Her-2/neu:369-377, MAGE-A1:96-104, and Her-2/neu:754-762. Vaccinatio… |
MAGE-A1/MAGE-A3/NY-ESO-1 Peptides Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of synthetic peptides derived from human melanoma antigen A1 (MAGE-A1), human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A1/MAGE-A3/NY-ESO-1 peptides vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, and NY-ESO… |
MAGE-A1-specific T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T-cells |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes genetically modified to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) that specifically targets the human melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGE-A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the MAGE-A1-specific TCR-transduced autologous T-cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A1, which may halt the growth of and kill MAGE-A1-expressing cancer cells. MAGE-A1… |
MAGE-A3 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from the human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MAGE-A3 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. |
MAGE-A3 Reactive T Cell Receptor-transduced Autologous T Cells |
Human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the MAGE-A3 reactive TCR-transduced autologous T cells bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3, which may halt the growth of MAGE-A3-expressing cancer cells; the TCR is specific for MAGE-A3:168-176. |
MAGE-A3/12-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous PBLs |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes the human melanoma antigens A3 and A12 (MAGE-A3/12), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the MAGE-A3/12-specific TCR gene-transduced autologous PBLs bind to and lyse tumor cells expressing MAGE-A3/12, which may halt the growth of MAGE-A3/12-expressing cancer cells. MAG… |
MAGE-A3/HPV 16 Peptide Vaccine |
A multi-epitope Trojan antigen (TA) construct vaccine consisting of human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 peptide epitopes linked by the furin-sensitive linker peptide RVKR (arginine-serine-lysine-arginine) with immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. The TA construct enters the cytoplasm of antigen-presenting cells (APC) and is processed by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where the endopeptidase furin releases the epitopes… |
MAGE-A3-expressing Adenovirus Type 5 Vaccine |
An oncolytic adenoviral vaccine composed of a replication-defective, E1- and E3-deleted adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) with a transgene encoding the human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MAGE-A3-expressing adenovirus type 5 vaccine selectively replicates in cancer cells and expresses MAGE-A3. This induces an immune response against tumor cells expressing the MAGE-A3 antigen, which leads to tumor cell death. The tumor-associated antigen … |
MAGE-A3-specific Immunotherapeutic GSK 2132231A |
An immunotherapeutic agent composed of a fusion protein containing the human melanoma-associated antigen MAGE-A3 fused to a lipidated protein D derived from Haemophilus influenzae and combined with the immunoadjuvant AS15, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular (IM) administration, GSK 2132231A may stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MAGE-A3-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. MAGE-A3, a tumor-associ… |
MAGE-A4-specific T-cell Engager CDR404 |
A bispecific T-cell engaging antibody directed against the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human melanoma-associated antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the MAGE-A4-specific T-cell engager (TCE) CDR404, the anti-MAGE-A4 moiety targets and binds to MAGE-A4 presented on HLA-A2 on tumor cells and the anti-CD3 moiety binds to CD3- expre… |
MAGE-A4-specific TCR Gene-transduced Autologous T Lymphocytes TBI-1201 |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, MAGE-A4-specific TCR gene-transduced T-lymphocytes TBI-1201 binds to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both an inhibition of growth and increased cell death for MAGE-A4-express… |
Magnesium Valproate |
The magnesium salt of valproic acid (2-propylpentanoic acid) with antiepileptic and potential antineoplastic activities. Magnesium valproate dissociates in the gastrointestinal tract and is absorbed into the circulation as magnesium ions and valproic acid ions; valproic acid may inhibit histone deacetylases, inducing tumor cell differentiation, apoptosis, and growth arrest. In addition, valproic acid exerts an antiepileptic effect, likely by inhibiting enzymes that catabolize the inhibitory n… |
Magrolimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, magrolimab selectively binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with its ligand signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa), a protein expressed on phagocytic cells. This prevents CD47/SIRPa-mediated signaling, allows the activation of macrophages, through the induction of pro-phagocytic signaling media… |
MAG-Tn3/AS15 Vaccine |
A vaccine containing synthetic multiple antigenic glycopeptide (MAG) composed of tri Tn glycotope (MAG-Tn3), which is comprised of a dendrimeric, nonimmunogenic lysine core linked to a tetravalent peptidic CD4+ T-cell epitope backbone and each attached to three Tn antigens (tri-Tn cluster), combined with the immunoadjuvant AS15, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the MAG-Tn3/AS15 vaccine, MAG-Tn3 induces the production of tumor-specific anti-Tn glycosidic antibodie… |
Maitake Mushroom Extract |
An extract of the edible mushroom Maitake, Grifola frondosa, rich in glucan polysaccharides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon oral ingestion, Maitake mushroom extract may promote dendritic cell (DC) maturation, increase interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production, and may enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity, thereby amplifying both innate and T cell-mediated immune responses against cancer cells. In addition, this extract may stimul… |
Malignant Glioma Tumor Lysate-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with lysates from malignant glioma cells with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, malignant glioma tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine exposes the immune system to undefined malignant glioma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which may result in anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against glioma cells and glioma cell lysis. |
MALT1 Inhibitor ABBV-525 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MALT1 inhibitor ABBV-525 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling, thereby inhibiting the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and upregulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) by Tregs i… |
MALT1 Inhibitor MPT-0118 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MALT1 inhibitor MPT-0118 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling, thereby inhibiting the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and upregulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) by Tregs in the tumor microenviro… |
MALT1 Inhibitor ONO-7018 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MALT1 inhibitor ONO-7018 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling, thereby inhibiting the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and upregulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) by Tregs in the tumor microenviro… |
MALT1 Inhibitor SGR-1505 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MALT1 inhibitor SGR-1505 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling, thereby inhibiting the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and upregulating the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-g) by Tregs i… |
Mammaglobin-A DNA Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing a plasmid encoding the mammaglobin-A gene with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mammaglobin-A DNA vaccine may induce both humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells that express mammaglobin-A, which may result in decreased tumor growth. The 10 kiloDalton (kD) glycoprotein mammglobin-A is expressed in over 80% of human breast cancers. |
Manelimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, manelimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated… |
Mannosulfan |
An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA intra- or interstrand crosslinks, and ultimately results in inhibiting DNA replication and cell growth. |
Mannosylerythritol Lipid |
A yeast glycolipid biosurfactant with potential antineoplastic activity. Mannosylerythritol lipid activates protein kinase signal cascades, resulting in cell differentiation, condensation of chromatin, DNA fragmentation, G1 phase cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Manufactured Autologous Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the manufactured autologous anti-BCMA CAR-T cells specifically recognize and induce selective toxicity in BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor … |
Mapatumumab |
A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1) with apoptosis promoting and potential antitumor activities. TRAIL-R1 is a cell surface receptor expressed on many malignant cell types. Mapatumumab selectively binds to and activates the TRAIL cell receptor, thereby inducing apoptosis and reducing tumor growth. |
Maplirpacept |
A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa; CD172a) linked to an Fc domain derived from human immunoglobulin G subtype 4 (IgG4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, maplirpacept selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surfa… |
Maraba Oncolytic Virus Expressing Mutant HPV E6/E7 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant, attenuated form of the oncolytic rhabdovirus Maraba (MG1) encoding inactive, mutant forms of the human papillomavirus (HPV) transforming proteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of MG1-E6E7, MG1 preferentially infects tumor cells and induces the expression of the E6 and E7 proteins. The MG1 virus exerts its oncolytic activity, thereby directly lysing tumor cells. Following the lysis of … |
Marcellomycin |
An antineoplastic oligosaccharide anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Actinosporangium bohemicum. Marcellomycin intercalates into DNA and induces DNA crosslinks, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces differentiation in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells by interfering with glycoprotein synthesis. (NCI04) |
MARCKS Protein Inhibitor BIO-11006 |
An aerosolized 10-amino acid peptide that inhibits the myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, the MARCKS protein inhibitor BIO-11006 targets, binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of MARCKS (P-MARCKS). This prevents MARCKS-mediated signaling, thereby preventing the release of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) from the cell membrane upon MARCKS binding. This prevents … |
Margetuximab |
A Fc-domain optimized IgG monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, margetuximab may induce an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells overexpressing HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. Compared to other anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies, the Fc domain of MGA… |
Marimastat |
An orally-active synthetic hydroxamate with potential antineoplastic activity. Marimastat covalently binds to the zinc(II) ion in the active site of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inhibiting the action of MMPs, inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme (TACE), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production tha… |
Marizomib |
A naturally-occurring salinosporamide, isolated from the marine actinomycete Salinospora tropica, with potential antineoplastic activity. Marizomib irreversibly binds to and inhibits the 20S catalytic core subunit of the proteasome by covalently modifying its active site threonine residues; inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome mediated proteolysis results in an accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins, which may result in the disruption of cellular processes, cell cycle arrest, the induction… |
MART-1 Adenovirus Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant adenovirus vector encoding MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1), an immunogenic protein of unknown function that is expressed by certain types of melanoma. Vaccination with MART-1 adenovirus vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to direct cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against MART-1 positive melanoma cells, resulting in an antitumor effect. (NCI04) |
MART-1 Antigen |
A tumor-associated melanocytic differentiation antigen. Vaccination with MART-1 antigen may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing the melanocytic differentiation antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
MART-1 Reactive CD8+ T-lymphocytes |
Human CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that are engineered to recognize melanoma tumor associated antigen MART-1 (Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T cells, also called Melan-A) in a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-restricted manner, with potential antineoplastic activity. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) are isolated from a melanoma patient, exposed to the MART-1:27-35(27L) peptide and MART-1 specific T-lymphocytes are isolated and expanded. Upon infusion, these lymphocytes recognize and ex… |
MART-1/gp100/Tyrosinase/MAGE-A3 Peptides-loaded Irradiated Allogeneic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells |
Irradiated allogeneic, HLA-A*0201 positive, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) loaded with 4 melanoma peptides derived from the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) MelA/MART-1, gp100/pmel17, tyrosinase, and MAGE-A3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the irradiated allogeneic pDCs may trigger functional multi-specific T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and activate the immune system t… |
MART-1:26-35(27L) Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of amino acid residues 26 through 35 of MART-1 (melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells-1) with a leucine substitution at amino acid position 27 to improve immunogenicity. Upon administration, MART-1:26-35(27L) peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MART-1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. The tumor-associated antigen (TAA) MART-1 may be overexpressed on melanoma cancer cells. |
MART-1:27-35 Peptide Vaccine |
A natural or synthetic peptide cancer vaccine consisting of amino acid residues 27 through 35 of the melanoma-associated antigen MART-1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with MART-1:27-35 peptide may induce cytotoxic host immune responses against melanoma cells that express this peptide. |
Masitinib Mesylate |
The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of masatinib, a multi-targeted protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Masitinib selectively binds to and inhibits both the wild-type and mutated forms of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit; SCFR); platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR); fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3); and, to a lesser extent, focal adhesion kinase (FAK). As a consequence, tumor cell proliferation may be inhibited in cancer cell ty… |
Masofaniten |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation inhibitor of the N-terminal domain (NTD) of androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, masofaniten specifically binds to the NTD of AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This may inhibit cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in the proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of tumor cells. Masofanit… |
Masoprocol |
A naturally occurring antioxidant dicatechol originally derived from the creosote bush Larrea divaricatta with antipromoter, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Masoprocol directly inhibits activation of two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and the c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptor, resulting in decreased proliferation of susceptible tumor cell populations. This agent may induce apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations as a result… |
MAT2A Inhibitor AG-270 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha (MAT2A) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, AG-270 inhibits the activity of MAT2A, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the production of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a primary donor of methyl groups in cellular transmethylation reactions that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. MAT2A activity is selectively essential in cancer cells deficient in methylthioa… |
MAT2A Inhibitor IDE397 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha (MAT2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MAT2A inhibitor IDE397 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of MAT2A, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a primary donor of methyl groups in cellular transmethylation reactions that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. Inhibition of MAT2A may inhibit proliferation in… |
MAT2A Inhibitor S-095035 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of methionine adenosyltransferase II alpha (MAT2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MAT2A inhibitor S-095035 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of MAT2A, a metabolic enzyme responsible for the production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), a primary donor of methyl groups in cellular transmethylation reactions that regulate gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. Inhibition of MAT2A may inhibit proliferation … |
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor MMI270 |
An orally-active synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. MMI270 inhibits a broad spectrum of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically MMP-1, 2, 3, 9, and 13), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. This agent may also downregulate lymphangiogenesis, resulting in decreased lymphatic system-related metastasis. (NCI04) |
Matuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody with antineoplastic activity. Matuzumab binds the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with high affinity, competitively blocking natural ligand binding and inhibiting receptor-mediated downstream signalling, resulting in impaired tumor cell proliferation. |
Mavelertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant form T790M, with potential antineoplastic activity. Mavelertinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFR/T790M-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06747775 may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated drug resistance. This agent shows minimal acti… |
Maveropepimut-S |
A lipid depot-based therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of survivin epitopes, a universal T Helper peptide and a polynucleotide adjuvant encapsulated in liposomes and then formulated in the hydrophobic carrier Montanide ISA51 VG, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon injection of Maveropepimut-S, a depot is created at the injection site from which the antigens and adjuvant are released. This vaccine may elicit a long lasting cellular response against survivin-e… |
Mavorixafor |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration, mavorixafor selectively binds to CXCR4 and prevents the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12). This inhibits receptor activation and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 prevents the recruitment of re… |
Mavrostobart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mavrostobart targets and directly binds to an epitope that is in or near the CD73 catalytic domain, thereby non-competitively and fully inhibiting both soluble shed CD73 and membrane-bound CD73 activity. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of ex… |
Maytansine |
An ansamycin antibiotic originally isolated from the Ethiopian shrub Maytenus serrata. Maytansine binds to tubulin at the rhizoxin binding site, thereby inhibiting microtubule assembly, inducing microtubule disassembly, and disrupting mitosis. Maytansine exhibits cytotoxicity against many tumor cell lines and may inhibit tumor growth in vivo. (NCI04) |
MCL-1 Inhibitor ABBV-467 |
An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor ABBV-467 targets and binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, is … |
Mcl-1 Inhibitor AZD5991 |
An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AZD5991 binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins, and promoting apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor ce… |
MCL1 Inhibitor GS-9716 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein; myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MCL1 inhibitor GS-9716 targets and binds to MCL1. This prevents the binding of MCL1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing MCL1. MCL1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to t… |
Mcl-1 Inhibitor MIK665 |
An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MIK665 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mcl-1, which promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell survival. |
MCPyV TAg-specific Polyclonal Autologous CD8-positive T Cells |
A preparation of polyclonal autologous CD8 positive T-lymphocytes specific for the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) T antigen (TAg) with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patient were obtained and antigen-specific CD8+ T cells targeting a specific MCPyV TAg epitope were derived and expanded ex vivo. Upon infusion of the MCPyV TAg-specific polyclonal autologous CD8-positive T cell vaccine, the T cells recognize the MCPyV antigen … |
MCPyV-LT-encoding Plasmid DNA Vaccine ITI-3000 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of plasmid DNA encoding LTS220A, a truncated form of the large T antigen (LT) of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV; MCV) viral oncoprotein with a detoxifying serine to alanine mutation at position 220, and fused to the lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the MCPyV-LT-encoding plasmid DNA vaccine ITI-3000 expresses MCPyV-LT, which may elicit cytotoxic T-lymph… |
MDM2 Antagonist ASTX295 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the human homolog of murine double minute 2 (MDM2; HDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 antagonist ASTX295 targets and binds to MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. This prevents p53 proteasomal degradation and restores the transcriptional activity of p53. This leads to p53-mediated induction of apoptosis in cancers with a wil… |
MDM2 Antagonist RO5045337 |
An MDM2 (human homolog of double minutes-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. RO5045337 binds to MDM2, thereby preventing the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated ind… |
MDM2 Antagonist RO6839921 |
An MDM2 (human homolog of murine double minute-2; HDM2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, RO6839921 binds to MDM2 and prevents the binding of the MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This may result in the restoration of p53 signaling, fo… |
MDM2 Degrader KT-253 |
A small molecule protein and selective degrader of the oncoprotein murine double minute 2 (MDM2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MDM2 degrader KT-253 binds to MDM2 and the E3 (ubiquitin) ligase and targets MDM2 for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of MDM2 and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptio… |
MDM2 Inhibitor AMGMDS3 |
An inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MDM2 inhibitor AMGMDS3 binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is overexpre… |
MDM2 Inhibitor SA53-OS |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of murine double minute 2 (MDM2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor A53-OS targets and binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regula… |
MDR Modulator CBT-1 |
A naturally-occurring, orally bioavailable bisbenzylisoquinoline plant alkaloid with potential chemosensitization activity. MDR modulator CBT-1 binds to and inhibits the MDR efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which may inhibit the efflux of various chemotherapeutic agents from tumor cells and reverse P-gp-mediated tumor cell MDR. P-gp is a transmembrane ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and is overexpressed by some multidrug resistant tumors. |
MDS Neoantigen-specific Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are exposed, ex vivo, to multiple, patient-specific myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) stem cell neoantigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the MDS neoantigen-specific autologous T-lymphocytes, the immunized T-cells specifically target and lyse cells expressing the MDS neoantigens. |
Mecbotamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) conjugated to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of mecbotamab vedotin, the anti-AXL antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of the glycolyti… |
Mechlorethamine |
A synthetic agent related to sulphur mustard with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Nitrogen mustard (a member of a family of chemotherapy agents including cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil) is an irritant and carcinogenic agent metabolized to a highly reactive ethylene immonium derivative; the ethylene immonium derivative alkylates DNA and inhibits DNA replication. This agent also exhibits lympholytic properties. (NCI04) |
Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of mechlorethamine, a nitrogen mustard and an analogue of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that alkylates DNA, particularly the 7 nitrogen of guanine residues, resulting in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits lympholytic p… |
Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride Gel |
A gel formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of mechlorethamine, which is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent and an analog of sulfur mustard, with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Upon topical application, mechlorethamine is metabolized to an unstable, highly reactive ethyleniminium intermediate that binds to and alkylates DNA, with a high affinity to the N7 nitrogen of guanine residues. This results in DNA base pair mismatching, DNA interstrand crosslinking, the… |
Medorubicin |
A demethoxy derivative of doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. |
Medroxyprogesterone |
A synthetic derivative of progesterone administered as an acetate salt (medroxyprogesterone acetate) with antiestrogenic activity. As a do all progestins, medroxyprogesterone binds to and activates nuclear receptors which subsequently bind to and activate target genes for transcription. As an antiestrogen, this agent may inhibit the growth-stimulating effects of estrogen on estrogen-sensitive tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate |
A synthetic, acetate derivative of the sex hormone progesterone. Medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate (NCI04) |
Megestrol Acetate |
The acetate salt form of megestrol, a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring female sex hormone progesterone with potential anti-estrogenic and antineoplastic activity. Mimicking the action of progesterone, megestrol acetate binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system, and causes the ligand-receptor complex to be translocated to the nucleus where it binds to and promotes expression of target genes. This leads to an alteration in protein synthesis,… |
MEK 1/2 Inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2 with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK1/2 inhibitor AS703988/MSC2015103B selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 are dual-specificity thre… |
MEK Inhibitor AZD8330 |
An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor AZD8330 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers. |
MEK inhibitor BI 3011441 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, allosteric inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor BI 3011441 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signalin… |
MEK Inhibitor CI-1040 |
An agent that inhibits both mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases 1 and 2 (MEK1 and MEK2), substrates of Raf and phosphorylates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2), preventing phosphorylation and activation of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways, involved with signal transduction pathways and tumor proliferation. |
MEK inhibitor CS3006 |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor CS3006 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway is over… |
MEK Inhibitor GDC-0623 |
An orally active, selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor GDC-0623 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many cancers. |
MEK Inhibitor IMM-1-104 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and MEK2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor IMM-1-104 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2. This prevents the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-spe… |
MEK Inhibitor IMM-6-415 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule and deep cyclic inhibitor (DCI) of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, IMM-6-415 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which RAS and/or RAF are mutated. The threonine/tyrosine protein kinase MEK plays a key role in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK s… |
MEK Inhibitor PF-07799544 |
An orally bioavailable, brain penetrating inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor PF-07799544 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling path… |
MEK Inhibitor REC-4881 |
An orally bioavailable, non-ATP-competitive, allosteric, small-molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and MEK2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK inhibitor REC-4881 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2. This prevents the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cel… |
MEK Inhibitor RO4987655 |
An orally active small molecule, targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MEK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor RO4987655 binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of MEK-dependent cell signaling and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been … |
MEK Inhibitor SHR 7390 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MEK inhibitor SHR 7390 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK. This prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins, which results in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase family that plays a k… |
MEK Inhibitor WX-554 |
An orally available small molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. MEK inhibitor WX-554 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including some transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase… |
MEK/Aurora Kinase Inhibitor BI 847325 |
An orally available dual inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) and Aurora kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK/Aurora kinase inhibitor BI 847325 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, which both prevents the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and inhibits growth factor-mediated cell signaling. BI 847325 also binds to and inhibits the activity of the Aurora kinases A, B and C which may disrupt the assembl… |
MEK/RAF Molecular Glue IK-595 |
An orally bioavailable mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK)/RAF molecular glue and dual kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK/RAF molecular glue IK-595 targets and glues B-RAF and C-RAF protein kinases with MEK, forming stable and inactive MEK-RAF complexes. This prevents RAF-dependent phosphorylation and activation of MEK, inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effe… |
MEK1/2 Inhibitor ABM-168 |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, allosteric inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK1/2 inhibitor ABM-168 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1 and MEK2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferatio… |
MEK1/2 Inhibitor PAS-004 |
An orally bioavailable macrocyclic inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MEK1/2 inhibitor PAS-004 selectively and allosterically binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1 and MEK2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferat… |
MEK-1/MEKK-1 Inhibitor E6201 |
A synthetic, fungal metabolite analogue inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK-1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MEKK-1) with potential antipsoriatic and antineoplastic activities. MEK-1/MEKK-1 inhibitor E6201 specifically binds to and inhibits the activities of MEK-1 and MEKK-1, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. MEK-1 and MEKK-1 are key components in the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK signaling pathway, which regulates cell prolifer… |
Melan-A VLP Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of the melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan A (also called MART-1) encapsulated in noninfectious virus-like particles (VLP) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Melan-A VLP vaccine may activate the immune system to exert a specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cancer cells expressing the Melan A antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Melan A is an antigen that is upregulated in most melanomas. VLP stimu… |
Melan-A/MAGE-3.DP4 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a peptide derived from the melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan-A (or MART-1) and the human leukocyte antigen HLA-DP4-restricted human melanoma antigen 3 (MAGE-3.DP4), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Melan-A/MAGE-3.DP4 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing Melan-A and MAGE-3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The tumor associa… |
Melanoma Helper Peptide Vaccine |
A multivalent vaccine consisting of peptides derived from melanoma-associated antigens and an adjuvant peptide derived from tetanus toxoid. Vaccination with this agent may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing melanoma-associated antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
Melanoma Monoclonal Antibody hIgG2A |
One of a number human monoclonal antibodies of the immunoglobulin subclass IgG2a directed against melanoma antigens with potential antineoplastic activity. A melanoma monoclonal antibody, subclass IgG2A, may have potential use as a diagnostic agent and, therapeutically, may induce macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against antibody-bound melanoma cells. (NCI04) |
Melanoma TRP2 CTL Epitope Vaccine SCIB1 |
A proprietary DNA-based cancer vaccine that encodes a melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and a modified monoclonal antibody, a chimera of human IgG1/murine IgG2a with T cell mimotopes expressed within the complementarity-determining regions (CDR) of the antibodies, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular injection and electroporation, melanoma TRP2 CTL epitope vaccine SCIB1 expresses the modified… |
MELITAC 12.1 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of an emulsion of a mixture of 12 class I MHC-restricted melanoma peptides and a class II MHC-restricted tetanus toxoid helper peptide, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the MELITAC 12.1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing the melanoma peptide antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The melanoma peptides contained in the v… |
MELK Inhibitor OTS167 |
An orally available inhibitor of maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OTS167 binds to MELK, which prevents both MELK phosphorylation and activation; thus inhibiting the phosphorylation of downstream MELK substrates. This may lead to an inhibition of both cell proliferation and survival in MELK-expressing tumor cells. MELK, a serine/threonine kinase, is involved in cancer cell survival, invasiveness and cancer-stem cell fo… |
Melphalan |
A phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic activity. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine and induces DNA inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cytotoxicity against both dividing and non-dividing tumor cells. |
Melphalan Flufenamide |
A peptide-drug conjugate composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accum… |
Melphalan Flufenamide Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of melphalan flufenamide, a peptide-drug conjugate composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent mel… |
Melphalan Hydrochloride |
A bifunctional alkylating agent and phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard. Melphalan hydrochloride is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA. This agent also alkylates RNA and protein structures. As a result RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest and/or death. |
Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex |
A propylene glycol-free intravenous formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of the nitrogen mustard phenylalanine derivative melphalan complexed with polyanionic sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-CD) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated. Subsequent… |
Membrane-bound IL-15-expressing Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes OBX-115 |
A preparation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that have been genetically engineered to express membrane-bound IL-15 (mbIL15), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction of the mbIL15-expressing TILs OBX-115, the TILs target and kill tumor cells. IL-15 is a pro-survival cytokine that is required for the maintenance of long-lived CD8+ memory T-cells. Sustained IL-15 signaling enhances TIL persistence and potency compared to un-engineered TILs. OBX… |
Membrane-bound Interleukin-21-Expanded Haploidentical Natural Killer Cells |
A preparation of human cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) primed, tumor-activated allogeneic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and immunoregulatory activities. Allogeneic leukemia cells are genetically modified to express membrane-bound interleukin-21 (mbIL-21) on their cell surfaces. When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from an HLA-haploidentical donor are subsequently exposed to these cells, the donor PBMC differen… |
Menatetrenone |
A menaquinone compound and form of vitamin K2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Menatetrenone may act by modulating the signalling of certain tyrosine kinases, thereby affecting several transcription factors including c-myc and c-fos. This agent inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. |
Menogaril |
A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic nogalamycin. Menogaril intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. (NCI04) |
Merbarone |
A nonsedating derivative of thiobarbituric acid and a novel catalytic topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Merbarone interferes with DNA replication via binding directly to topoisomerase II at a domain that maybe shared by other topoisomerase II cleavage-enhancing agents, ex., etoposide. Its mechanism of action appears to be a novel one, since merbarone does not intercalate DNA nor stabilize DNA-topoisomerase II cleavable complexes. |
Mercaptopurine |
A thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5’-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis. This agent is also incorporated into… |
Mercaptopurine Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of mercaptopurine, a thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Produced through the metabolism of mercaptopurine by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), mercaptopurine metabolites 6-thioguanosine-5’-phosphate (6-thioGMP) and 6-thioinosine monophosphate (T-IMP) inhibit nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine synthesis, thereby blocking the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibiting DNA synthesis…. |
Mercaptopurine Oral Suspension |
An oral suspension containing the thiopurine-derivative antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mercaptopurine is metabolized by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRTase) to its active metabolite 6-thioinosine monophosphate (TIMP); TIMP inhibits nucleotide interconversions and de novo purine ribonucleotide synthesis, which both blocks the formation of purine nucleotides and inhibits DNA synthesis. This agent is also in… |
Merestinib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Merestinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. This agent has potent anti-tumor efficacy in mono and combination ther… |
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells-derived Exosomes with KRAS G12D siRNA |
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that have been engineered to carry short interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to the KRAS G12D mutation subtype. Upon administration, the KRAS G12D siRNA-loaded exosomes deliver siRNA to tumor cells expressing the mutant form of KRAS, potentially silencing its activity. The KRAS G12D mutation is thought to drive tumorigenesis and progression in some cancers. |
Mesmulogene Ancovacivec |
A bivalent cancer vaccine comprised of a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding human mucin 1 (MUC1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Originally developed for the eradication of smallpox, MVA is a highly attenuated and replication-defective strain incapable of virion assembly and exerts potent immunostimulatory activity against antigens. Vaccination with mesmulogene ancovacivec may stimulate the host immune system to mount … |
Mesothelin/CD3e Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN536 |
recombinant antibody derivative composed of a tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin (MSLN) and the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes which are both linked to either side of an anti-albumin single domain antibody, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the MSLN/CD3e TriTAC HPN536, the anti-MSLN single antibody domain targets and binds MSLN o… |
Mesothelin-specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor-engineered Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes |
A preparation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T cell chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for mesothelin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. After transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, the mesothelin-specific chimeric antigen receptor-engineered PBLs bind to tumor cells expressing mesothelin. This may stimulate the secretion of cytokines and result in cell lysis of mesothel… |
Mesothelioma Tumor Lysate-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with mesothelioma tumor lysate with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mesothelioma tumor lysate-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against mesothelioma tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
MET Kinase Inhibitor OMO-1 |
An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR; MET) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, OMO-1 selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in … |
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607 |
An inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-777607 binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, in… |
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor EMD 1204831 |
An inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) with potential antineoplastic activity. MET inhibitor EMD 1204831 selectively binds to Met tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting MET mediated signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. MET is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, and plays key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis, and tumor angiogenesis. |
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-04217903 |
An orally bioavailabe, small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-04217903 selectively binds to and inhibits c-Met, disrupting the c-Met signaling pathway, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth, migration and invasion of tumor cells, and the induction of death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. The receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, also known as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, is overexpressed or mut… |
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SAR125844 |
An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, c-Met inhibitor SAR125844 binds to c-Met, thereby disrupting c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of cancers, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, surviva… |
MET Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SGX523 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule, c-Met inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MET receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SGX523 specifically binds to c-Met protein, or hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), preventing binding of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and disrupting the MET signaling pathway; this agent may induce cell death in tumor cells expressing c-Met. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in t… |
Metabolic Anti-cancer Agent ASCA101 |
An agent targeting cancer metabolic processes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, metabolic anti-cancer agent ASCA101 may disrupt one or more specific metabolic processes in cancer cells, which may lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) depletion. This causes apoptosis and prevents proliferation of susceptible cancers cells only while sparing normal, healthy cells. |
Metamelfalan |
The meta form of the levo isomer melphalan, an alkylating nitrogen mustard with potential antineoplastic activity. Metamelfalan causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation. |
MetAP2 Inhibitor APL-1202 |
An orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase II type (MetAP2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, APL-1202 binds to and reversibly inhibits MetAP2, thereby preventing MetAP2-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may suppress endothelial cell growth and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, resulting in tumor cell death. MetAP2, a member of the dimetallohydrolase family, is upregulated in certain tumor cell types and plays a key role in a… |
Metarrestin |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of perinucleolar compartment (PNC), with potential antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon oral administration, metarrestin disrupts the structure of PNC and inhibits RNA polymerase (Pol) I transcription. This leads to the reduction in the prevalence of PNC in cancer cells and decrease in tumor growth and spread. PNC is a subnuclear structure and a… |
Metatinib Tromethamine |
An orally bioavailable tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the BCR-ABL fusion oncoprotein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor BL001 may inhibit the BCL-ABL protein, which may lead to decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis in tumor cells. BCR-ABL oncoprotein is generated by a reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 and 22 specifically t(9;22)(q34;q11). The resulting fusion gene produces proteins with constitutively active … |
Metformin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation an… |
Methanol Extraction Residue of BCG |
A cell wall fraction of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) obtained by menthol extraction with immunomodulating properties and potential use in cancer immunotherapy. (NCI04) |
Methazolamide |
A sulfonamide derivate and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Methazolamide inhibits tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), which may result in increased cell death in hypoxic tumors. As a hypoxia-inducible transmembrane glycoprotein, CAIX catalyzes the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons, and bicarbonate ions, helping to maintain acidification of the tumor microenvironment and enhance resistance to cytotoxic … |
Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor M8891 |
A proprietary orally available inhibitor of methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2), which cleaves the amino-terminal methionine residue from nascent proteins, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MetAP2 inhibitor M8891 inhibits MetAP2 aminopeptidase activity and impairs protein synthesis, which may lead to a decrease in endothelial cell proliferation. Decreased proliferation of endothelial cells results in reductions of both angiogenesis and the grow… |
Methionine Aminopeptidase 2 Inhibitor PPI-2458 |
A synthetic derivative of fumagillin with antineoplastic and cytotoxic properties. PPI-2458 irreversibly inhibits the enzyme methionine aminopeptidase type 2 (MetAP2), thereby preventing abnormal cell growth and angiogenesis. PPI-2458 is reported to have a better toxicity profile compared to other agents of its class. (NCI04) |
Methotrexate |
An antimetabolite and antifolate agent with antineoplastic and immunosuppressant activities. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant activity although the mechanism(s) of actions is unclear. |
Methotrexate Sodium |
The sodium salt of methotrexate, an antimetabolite with antineoplastic and immunomodulating properties. Methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Methotrexate also exhibits potent immunosuppressant properties. (NCI04) |
Methotrexate-E Therapeutic Implant |
An injectable collagen matrix gel containing the antimetabolite methotrexate and the sympathicomimetic agent epinephrine with potential antineoplastic activity. After intratumoral injection, methotrexate binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of purine nucleotide and thymidylate synthesis and, subsequently, inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses. Epinephrine, a potent vasoconstrictor, is added to the gel to enhance penetration of methotrexate into the t… |
Methotrexate-Encapsulating Autologous Tumor-Derived Microparticles |
A suspension of autologous tumor-derived microparticles (ATMP), that are harvested from a patient with malignant pleural effusion, encapsulating the antimetabolic drug methotrexate (MTX), with potential anticancer activity. Although the exact mechanism(s) of action through which this agent exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration of MTX-ATMP, the MTX moiety is released and internalized by tumor cells. It then binds to and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductas… |
Methoxsalen |
A naturally occurring substance isolated from the seeds of the plant Ammi majus with photoactivating properties. As a member of the family of compounds known as psoralens or furocoumarins, methoxsalen’s exact mechanism of action is unknown; upon photoactivation, methoxsalen has been observed to bind covalently to and crosslink DNA. (NCI04) |
Methoxyamine |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor with potential adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) DNA damage sites and inhibits base excision repair (BER), which may result in an increase in DNA strand breaks and apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents. |
Methoxyamine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of methoxyamine, an alkoxyamine with potential chemotherapeutic adjuvant activity. Methoxyamine covalently binds to apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA damage sites and thereby inhibits base excision repair (BER) process, which may prevent repair of DNA strand breaks and result in an induction of apoptosis. This agent may potentiate the anti-tumor activity of alkylating agents. |
Methyl Bacteriopurpurinimide |
A brain-penetrant bacteriochlorin analog and photosensitizer, with potential imaging and antineoplastic activities upon fluorescence imaging and fluorescence-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) respectively. Upon administration, methyl bacteriopurpurinimide crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and is taken up by tumor cells. Upon clinical near-infrared (NIR) imaging, the tumor cells can be detected which allows for visualization of the tumor. Upon NIR PDT, the tumor cells are killed. |
Methyl-5-Aminolevulinate Hydrochloride Cream |
A topical cream formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of methyl-5-aminolevulinate, a lipophilic methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid, with photosensitizer prodrug activity. Upon topical administration, methyl-5-aminolevulinate in the cream is selectively absorbed by tumor cells where it is converted to the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon photoirradiation, PpIX is activated and transfers energy to oxygen, generating singlet oxygen and superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, w… |
Methylcantharidimide |
An orally bioavailable derivative of the terpenoid cantharidin, which is a natural toxin extracted from blister beetles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which methylcantharidimide exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent, upon oral administration, may exert a direct tumor cell killing effect in susceptible tumor cells. |
Methylmercaptopurine Riboside |
A purine derivative with antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic properties. 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside (6-MMPR) inhibits amidophosphoribosyltransferase, the first committed step in de novo purine synthesis, and inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2)-induced cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Methylprednisolone |
A synthetic corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Methylprednisolone binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations. |
Methylselenocysteine |
A naturally occurring organoselenium compound found in many plants, including garlic, onions, and broccoli, with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Se-Methyl-seleno-L-cysteine (MSC) is an amino acid analogue of cysteine in which a methylselenium moiety replaces the sulphur atom of cysteine. This agent acts as an antioxidant when incorporated into glutathione peroxidase and has been shown to exhibit potent chemopreventive activity in animal models. |
Metoprine |
A diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Metoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism and cell growth; it also inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble metoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04) |
METTL-3 Inhibitor STC-15 |
An orally bioavailable methyltransferase-like protein 3 (METTL-3) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, METTL-3 inhibitor STC-15 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of METTL-3, thereby depleting N-6-methyladenosine (m6A) depositions by METTL3 from certain mRNA transcripts. This leads to the formation of double-stranded RNA, the activation of RNA sensors and the upregulation of expression of genes associated with innate immunity, such as interferon … |
Mevociclib |
A selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SY-1365 binds to and inhibits CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits cell growth of CDK7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a key role in cell proliferation; CDK7 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. |
Mevrometostat |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mevrometostat selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferati… |
Mezagitamab |
A human, non-agonistic immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1 (CD38) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Mezagitamab specifically binds to CD38 that is expressed on human plasmablasts, plasma cells, NK cells and activated T- and B-cells. This may trigger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), cell lysis and depletion of CD38-expressing cells. Additionally, TAK-079 does not induce CD… |
Mezigdomide |
A modulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing cereblon (CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mezigdomide specifically binds to cereblon (CRBN), thereby affecting the ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, and targeting certain substrate proteins for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of certain transcription factors, some of which are transcriptional repressors in T-cells. This leads to… |
Micellar Nanoparticle-encapsulated Epirubicin |
A nanoparticle-based prodrug formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the anthracycline epirubicin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Epirubicin is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG) polyaspartate block copolymers through an acid-labile hydrazone bond and, upon suspension in an aqueous solution, a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic epirubicin is formed. Upon administration of the micellar nanoparticle-encapsula… |
Micro Needle Array-Doxorubicin |
A formulation composed of dissolvable small, adhesive-like patches composed of a biocompatible material which is coated with the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon cutaneous administration of the microneedle-array-doxorubicin, the microneedles degrade once inserted into the skin and doxorubicin is released from the dissolvable microneedle array delivery device directly into the tumor microenvironment (TME). Doxorubicin is … |
Microbiome GEN-001 |
A microbiome therapeutic composed of a single-strain bacterium, isolated from the gut of healthy donors, with potential anti-tumor and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, the metabolites of GEN-001 may activate dendritic cells and macrophages in the gut and increase the expression of the cytokines interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), which stimulates the proliferation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion … |
Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2040 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS), microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine composed of two onco-mimics, which are immunogenic microbiomal-derived peptides that are highly homologous to specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and are obtained and selected from the human gut microbiome, combined with the helper peptide and CD4-positive T-cell epitope universal cancer peptide 2 (UCP2), and emulsified with the immunoadjuvant Montanide, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. U… |
Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2401 |
A donor-derived, off-the-shelf, microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine composed of three bacterial onco-mimics, immunogenic microbiome-derived peptides that are highly homologous to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), that are obtained and selected from the human gut microbiome and are specific for brain tumors, including glioblastoma, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The three microbiome-derived bacterial antigens in EO2401 mimic three TAAs that are highly … |
Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO2463 |
A microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine composed of onco-mimics, immunogenic microbiome-derived peptides that are highly homologous to specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), that are obtained and selected from the human gut microbiome, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The microbiome-derived bacterial antigens in EO2463 mimic TAAs that are highly expressed by malignant B-cells. Upon administration of microbiome-derived peptide vaccine EO2463, the pepti… |
Microbiome-derived Peptide Vaccine EO4010 |
A microbiome therapeutic cancer peptide vaccine composed of onco-mimics, immunogenic microbiome-derived peptides that are highly homologous to specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), that are obtained and selected from the human gut microbiome, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The five microbiome-derived bacterial antigens in EO4010 mimic five TAAs that are highly expressed by colorectal cancer cells. Upon administration of microbiome-derived peptide vaccine E… |
Microparticle-encapsulated CYP1B1-encoding DNA Vaccine ZYC300 |
A formulation of a plasmid DNA encoding an inactivated form of the carcinogen activator cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) encapsulated in biodegradable poly-DL-lactide-coglycolide microparticles with potential antineoplastic activity. CYP1B1, an extrahepatic monooxygenase of the cytochrome P450 family, is overexpressed in many cancers with only restricted expression in normal tissues. Vaccination with ZYC300 may stimulate the immune system to elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against … |
MicroRNA-10b Antagomir-Iron Oxide/Dextran-based Nanoparticle TTX-MC138 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation containing an antagomir and oligonucleotide targeting microRNA-10b (miR-10b) encapsulated within a nanoparticle consisting of an iron oxide core that is coated with dextran, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of microRNA-10b antagomir-iron oxide/dextran-based nanoparticle TTX-MC138, the anti-miR-10b moiety targets and binds to miR-10b inside tumor cells. This inhibits miR-10b and kills miR-10b-overexpressing tumor cells. This may inhib… |
Microtubule Destabilizer PM534 |
A marine-derived tubulin destablizer, with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon administration, microtubule destabilizer PM534 targets and binds to beta-tubulin at the colchicine site and thereby destabilizes the microtubular network in the tumor cell, which inhibits the polymerization of microtubules and leads to cell cycle arrest, blockage of cell division and an induction of cell death in cancer cells. In addition, PM534 is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis, which prevents t… |
Microtubule Inhibitor SCB01A |
An aroylindole derivative and tubulin polymerization inhibitor, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor SCB01A binds at the colchicine binding site of tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and in tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and tumor cell apoptosis. Also, this agent’… |
Micvotabart Pelidotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of micvotabart, a fully human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody against extra domain B (EDB) splice variant of fibronectin (EDB-FN; EDB+ FN), conjugated via the cleavable linker mc-Val-Cit-PABC, to the cytotoxic auristatin derivative Aur0101, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of micvotabart pelidotin, the antibody moiety targets and binds to EDB in the tumor stroma. Upon binding, the cell-permeable auristatin derivative paylo… |
Midostaurin |
A synthetic indolocarbazole multikinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Midostaurin inhibits protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) tyrosine kinases, which may result in disruption of the cell cycle, inhibition of proliferation, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis in susceptible tumors. |
MIF Inhibitor IPG1094 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the pro-inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, MIF inhibitor IPG1094 targets, binds to and inhibits the tautomerase activity of MIF. This attenuates the differentiation and infiltration of the immunosuppressive monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which results in an enhan… |
Mifamurtide |
A liposomal formulation containing a muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogue with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a derivative of the mycobacterial cell wall component MDP, activates both monocytes and macrophages. Activated macrophages secrete cytokines and induce the recruitment and activation of other immune cells, which may result in indirect tumoricidal effects. Liposomal encapsulation of MTP-PE prolongs its half-li… |
Mifepristone |
A derivative of the synthetic progestin norethindrone with antiprogesterone activity. Mifepristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor, resulting in inhibition of the effects of endogenous or exogenous progesterone. This agent also exhibits antiglucocorticoid and weak antiandrogenic activities. |
MiHA-loaded PD-L1/L2-silenced Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine composed of program death ligands 1 and 2 (PDL1/L2)-silenced DCs and loaded with the recipient’s minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHA), with potential use for graft-versus-tumor (GVT) induction following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). Donor DCs are electroporated ex vivo with MiHA mRNA and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) designed to silence the expression of PD L1/L2. After allo-SCT and upon intravenous administration of the MiHA-loaded… |
Milademetan Tosylate |
The tosylate form of milademetan, an orally available MDM2 (murine double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milademetan binds to, and prevents the binding of MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This results in the restoration of … |
Milataxel |
An orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pum… |
Milatuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human CD74 with potential antineoplastic activity. Milatuzumab specifically binds to CD74 on CD74-positive cells. Although the exact mechanism through which this agent induces apoptosis is unknown, it may involve antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or complement-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC). Alternatively, as CD74 is the cellular receptor for the cytokine migration-inhibitory factor (MIF), the cytotoxicity of this agent may be relate… |
Milatuzumab-Doxorubicin Antibody-Drug Conjugate IMMU-110 |
An immunoconjugate consisting of milatuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD74, conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. The milatuzumab moiety of this ADC selectively binds to CD74 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the doxorubicin moiety is released, where it intercalates between base pairs in the DNA helix and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby preventing DNA replication and increasing double-strand breakage. As a… |
Milciclib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of milciclib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TRKA), with potential antineoplastic activity. CDK2/TRKA inhibitor PHA-848125 AC potently inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and exhibits activity against other CDKs including CDK1 and CDK4, in addition to TRKA. Inhibition of these kinases may result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express these kinases. CDKs are serine/threon… |
Milk Thistle |
A substance derived from any of several Old World coarse prickly-leaved shrubs and subshrubs including the plant Silybum marianum. Milk thistle’s active chemical component is silymarin, which is a combination of flavonoids such as silibinin, dehydrosilibinin, silychristin and silydianin. These compounds are antioxidants and may alter the membrane structure of the liver cell, thereby blocking the absorption of toxins; they may also stimulate the production of new liver cells. In addition, mi… |
Miltefosine |
An orally- and topically-active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Miltefosine targets cellular membranes, modulating cell membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-a… |
Mimotope-P10s-PADRE Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based vaccine containing a carbohydrate mimetic peptide (CMP) P10s fused to the pan HLA DR-binding epitope (PADRE) peptide, with immunomoadjuvant activity and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of the mimotope-P10s-PADRE peptide vaccine, the P10s peptide, which mimics gangliosides and other tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA), both stimulates a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response towards cells expressing TACAs and induces the production of antibodies that … |
Minretumomab |
A second-generation murine monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04) |
Mipasetamab Uzoptirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), consisting of mipasetamab, a humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO) that is site-specifically conjugated to uzoptitine (PL1601), which contains a valine-alanine cleavable linker and SG3199, a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of mipasetamab uzoptirine, mipasetamab binds to AXL, which is expressed on the surfaces of a va… |
Mipicoledine |
A cholesterol carbonate derivative of 4-demethylpenclomedine (DM-PEN) with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Upon intravenous administration of mipicoledine, the carbonium moiety binds to and alkylates DNA at the N7 guanine position, thereby causing DNA crosslinks. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. In addition, due to its lipophilic cholesteryl moiety this agent is able to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) and therefore can be… |
Mipletamig |
An immunoglobulin Fc-modified bispecific monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD123 and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mipletamig simultaneously binds to both CD3-expressing T-cells and CD123-expressing cancer cells, thereby crosslinking CD123-expressing tumor cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). This results in the activation and proliferat… |
Mipsagargin |
A soluble, thapsigargin prodrug containing the cytotoxic analog of thapsigargin, 8-O-(12Aminododecanoyl)-8-O debutanoylthapsigargin (12-ADT) linked, via a carboxyl group, to the targeting peptide containing aspartic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mipsagargin targets prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a type II membrane carboxypeptidase, which is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and in the neovasculature of most solid tumors but not … |
Miptenalimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,miptenalimab binds to LAG3 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks its binding with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on tumor cells. This activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell l… |
miR-221 LNA Inhibitor LNA-i-miR-221 |
A phosphorothioate (PS) modified backbone 13-mer locked nucleic acid (LNA)-based antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and inhibitor of the oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) miR-221, with potential chemo-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, miR-221 LNA inhibitor LNA-i-miR-221 hybridizes with endogenous miR-221 and inhibits miR-221-mediated functions involving tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis, and the modulation of drug influx-efflux transporters as it regula… |
Mirabegron |
An orally bioavailable agonist of the human beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), with muscle relaxing, neuroprotective and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, mirabegron binds to and activates ADRB3, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation. Mirabegron also restores sympathetic stimulation in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niches, inhibits JAK2-mutated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and blocks the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Lack of symp… |
Miransertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Miransertib binds to and inhibits the activity of AKT in a non-ATP competitive manner, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to the reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is often deregulated in cancer and is associated with tumor cell proliferatio… |
Mirdametinib |
An orally bioavailable, synthetic organic molecule targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPK/ERK kinase or MEK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mirdametinib selectively binds to and inhibits MEK, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphorylation and activation of MAPK/ERK and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The dual specific threonine/tyrosine kinase MEK is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that is frequentl… |
miRNA 193a-3p Mimic INT-1B3 |
A synthetic microRNA (miRNA) mimic of the endogenous tumor suppressor miR-193a-3p formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), with potential antineoplastic and immune-activating activities. Upon administration, miRNA-193a-3p mimic INT-1B3 targets tumor cells, binds to its target sequence in mRNA transcripts, which leads to translational repression or mRNA degradation. This inhibits protein expression encoded by that particular mRNA sequence. INT-1B3 is able to downregulate many oncogenic signal… |
Mirvetuximab Soravtansine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody M9346A against folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) conjugated, via the disulfide-containing cleavable linker sulfo-SPDB, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-FOLR1 monoclonal antibody moiety of mirvetuximab soravtansine targets and binds to the cell surface antigen FOLR1. After antibody-antigen interaction and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases DM4, which binds to tubulin and dis… |
Mirzotamab Clezutoclax |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) conjugated, via a solubilizing linker, to a B-cell lymphoma extra long (Bcl-XL) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of mirzotamab clezutoclax, the anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to B7-H3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding, internalization and linker cleavage, the Bcl-XL inhibitor targets, binds to … |
Misetionamide |
An oxathiazine-based structural analogue of taurultam (TRLT), which is the main derivative of the anti-infective agent taurolidine (TRD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration,misetionamide selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. |
Misitatug Blivedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of an antibody directed against the human cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin and conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of misitatug blivedotin, the antibody moiety targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin on the surface of tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE targ… |
Misonidazole |
A nitroimidazole with radiosensitizing and antineoplastic properties. Exhibiting high electron affinity, misonidazole induces the formation of free radicals and depletes radioprotective thiols, thereby sensitizing hypoxic cells to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation. This single-strand breaks in DNA induced by this agent result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Mistletoe Extract |
An extract of the whole plant Viscum album (mistletoe) with potential biological response modifier (BRM) activity. Mistletoe extract may both stimulate the antitumoral functions of the immune system and have a direct toxic effect on tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Mitazalimab |
A human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, mitazalimab binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting dendritic cells, which leads to the activation and proliferation of effector and memory T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induc… |
Mitindomide |
A bisdioxopiperazines analog with antineoplastic activity. Mitinomide inhibits topoisomerase II and slowly promotes DNA-interstrand cross-linking, thereby inhibiting DNA repair, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent acts without increasing topoisomerase II-DNA covalent cleavable complex formation, as do most topoisomerase inhibitors. (NCI04) |
Mitobronitol |
A brominated analog of mannitol with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitobronitol most likely acts through alkylation via derived epoxide groups. |
Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor ATR-101 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ATR-101 inhibits the activity of F1F0-ATP synthase, elevates the mitochondrial membrane potential and depletes ATP in adrenocortical cells. The mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the release of reactive oxygen and triggered cytochrome c release leads to caspase-mediated cell death. ATR-101 may be useful in treating certain types of adrenocortical carcinoma. |
Mitoclomine |
An aromatic nitrogen mustard derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoclomine alkylates DNA and appears to concentrate primarily in the spleen and thymus where it causes lymphocyte depletion. |
Mitoflaxone |
A synthetic flavonoid with vascular targeting properties. Flavone acetic acid exhibits an antiproliferative effect on endothelial cells as a result of a superoxide-dependent mechanism, which induces changes in permeability of the vasculature of the tumor. This agent may stimulate tumor necrosis and promote shunting of blood flow to viable regions of the tumor, increasing their oxygenation and rendering them more susceptible to the antitumor effects of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation. (NC… |
Mitoguazone |
A guanylhydrazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Mitoguazone Dihydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a guanylhydrazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Mitoguazone competitively inhibits S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylase (SAMD), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of polyamines, resulting in decreased proliferation of tumor cells, antimitochondrial effects, and p53-independent apoptosis. Polyamines, specifically spermine and spermidine, are essential for thymidine kinase production, DNA synthesis, and cell proliferation. |
Mitolactol |
A synthetic derivative of hexitol with antineoplastic and radiosensitizing properties. Mitolactol alkylates DNA via actual or derived epoxide groups, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Mitomycin |
A methylazirinopyrroloindoledione antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces caespitosus and other Streptomyces bacterial species. Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells, mitomycin C also inhibits RNA and protein synthesis at high concentrations. (NCI04) |
Mitomycin A |
A methylazirinopyrroloindoledione antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces caespitosus. Bioreduced mitomycin A generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Mitomycin A is more toxic than mitomycin C due to increased and nonselective DNA cross-linking in both aerobic and hypoxic cells. (NCI04) |
Mitomycin B |
A methylazirinopyrroloindoledione antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces caespitosus. Bioreduced mitomycin B generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Mitomycin C Analog KW-2149 |
A semisynthetic water-soluble disulfide derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C. Activated by serum and glutathione, KW-2149 causes interstrand DNA cross-links and DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in single-strand DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA synthesis. (NCI04) |
Mitotane |
A synthetic derivative of the insecticide dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) with anti-adrenocorticoid properties. Following its metabolism in the adrenal cortex to a reactive acyl chloride intermediate, mitotane covalently binds to adrenal proteins, specifically inhibiting adrenal cortical hormone production. (NCI04) |
Mitotenamine |
A nucleotoxic with potential antineoplastic activity. The mechanism of action through which mitotenamine exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated. |
Mitoxantrone |
An anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin. |
Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin. |
Mitozolomide |
A prodrug of imidazotetrazine alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. Mitozolomide undergoes ring opening upon the nucleophilic attack at C-4 by an activated molecule of water within the major groove of DNA. The resulting bioactive mono-alkyltriazene species are capable of alkylating nucleophilic residues in the immediate vicinity such as N-7 and/or O-6 sites of guanine, thereby causes intra- or inter-stranded DNA cross-links and trigger apoptosis. |
Mivavotinib |
An inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mivavotinib may inhibit the activity of syk, which abrogates downstream B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of B-cell activation, chemotaxis, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a BCR-associated non-receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis, i… |
Mivavotinib Citrate |
An inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (syk), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mivavotinib may inhibit the activity of syk, which abrogates downstream B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and leads to an inhibition of B-cell activation, chemotaxis, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a BCR-associated non-receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates diverse cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis, i… |
Mivebresib |
An inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mivebresib binds to the acetyl-lysine binding site of BRD-containing protein(s), thereby preventing the interaction between those proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling, prevents the expression of certain growth-promoting genes, and leads to an inhibition of cell growth in susceptible tumors. |
Mivobulin |
A synthetic, colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin targets and binds to colchicine-binding site on tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization, the assembly of the mitotic spindle and mitosis. This eventually results in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and a reduction in cellular proliferation. |
Mivobulin Isethionate |
The isethionate salt of mivobulin, a synthetic colchicine analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Mivobulin isethionate binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization and mitosis. |
Mixed Bacteria Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing a mixture of killed bacteria with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mixed bacteria vaccine (MBV or Coley’s toxins) consists of a pyrogenic bacterial lysate derived from Serratia marcescens and Streptococcus pyogenes; the active components in the lysate may be lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall of Serratia, and streptokinase, an enzyme produced by Streptococcus pyogenes. LPS has been shown to stimu… |
MK0731 |
A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0731 selectively inhibits kinesin spindle protein (KSP), which may result in the inhibition of mitotic spindle assembly, induction of cell cycle arrest during the mitotic phase, and apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress KSP. |
MK2 Inhibitor ATI-2231 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAPK2; MK2), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitization activities. Upon oral administration, MK2 inhibitor ATI-2231 targets and binds to the p38MAPK-MK2 complex, thereby inhibiting the p38MAPK phosphorylation and activation of MK2. This inhibits p38MAPK/MK2-mediated signaling pathway, and abrogates the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA, inhi… |
MKC-1 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, bisindolylmaleimide cell cycle inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MKC-1 and its metabolites inhibit tubulin polymerization, blocking the formation of the mitotic spindle, which may result in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of the oncogenic kinase Akt, the mTOR pathway, and importin-beta, a protein essential to the transport of other proteins from the cytos… |
MKNK1 Inhibitor BAY 1143269 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MKNK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MKNK1 inhibitor BAY 1143269 binds to MKNK1, thereby preventing its activation and the downstream MKNK1-mediated phosphorylation and activation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). As eIF4E enhances the synthesis of oncogenic proteins, preventing eIF4E activity inhibits the synthesis of t… |
MMP Inhibitor S-3304 |
An orally-agent agent with potential antineoplastic activity. S-3304 inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. (NCI04) |
Mobinitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the serine/threonine protein kinase Aurora kinase and FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; STK1; CD135; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mobinitinib specifically binds to and inhibits Aurora kinase and FLT3, which interferes with the activation of Aurora kinase- and FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This may result in the disruption of the assembly of the mitotic spindle apparatus, the disruption of chr… |
Mobocertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mobocertinib, and its active metabolites, specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits exon 20 insertion mutations of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in tumor cells expressing exon 20 insertion mutations. In addition, mobocertinib may inhibit the activity of other EGFR family members, such… |
Mobocertinib Succinate |
The succinate salt form of mobocertinib, an orally available inhibitor of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mobocertinib, and its active metabolites, specifically and irreversibly binds to and inhibits exon 20 insertion mutations of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in tumor cells expressing exon 20 insertion mutations. In addition, mobocertinib may inhibit the ac… |
Mocetinostat |
A rationally designed, orally available, Class 1-selective, small molecule, 2-aminobenzamide HDAC inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Mocetinostat binds to and inhibits Class 1 isoforms of HDAC, specifically HDAC 1, 2 and 3, which may result in epigenetic changes in tumor cells and so tumor cell death; although the exact mechanism has yet to be defined, tumor cell death may occur through the induction of apoptosis, differentiation, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of DNA repair, up… |
Mocravimod Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of mocravimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist, with potential immunosuppressive activity. Upon administration of mocravimod, this agent binds to S1P receptors on lymphocytes, which prevents binding of serum S1P to S1P receptors and leads to S1P receptor internalization. This reduces the number of circulating blood leukocytes and accelerates lymphocyte homing into peripheral lymph nodes, thereby preventing their infiltration into peripheral inflamm… |
Modakafusp Alfa |
A proprietary preparation composed of an immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) directed against the cell surface glycoprotein CD-38 (CD38) that is fused to an attenuated form of human interferon alpha (IFN alpha; IFNa), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, modakafusp alfa specifically targets and binds to CD38 on CD38-positive tumor cells. In turn, the IFNa moiety binds to cell-surface IFN receptors, and activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways, wh… |
Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulation, Banxia Xiexin decoction, composed of seven traditional Chinese herbs including Rhizoma Pinelliae (Ban Xia), Radix Scutellariae (Huang Qin), Rhizome Coptidis (Huang Lian), Rhizoma Zingibers (Gan Jiang), Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gan Cao), Fructus Ziziphi Jujubae (Da Zao), and Radix Ginseng (Ren Shen), modified by various Chinese herbal additions, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of … |
Modified Citrus Pectin Supplement |
A dietary supplement containing the modified citrus pectin (MCP) derived from the soluble fiber of citrus fruit peels and a galectin-3 inhibitor with potential antioxidant, hypocholesterolemic, immunostimulatory, metal chelating, and anti-metastatic activities. MCP is a low molecular weight version of pectin composed of short, slightly-branched carbohydrate chains and is modified for enhanced absorbability. The bioactive fragments, most likely the galactan-containing portion, of pectin binds … |
Modified Influenza Virus Expressing HPV16 E6/E7 FluBHPVE6E7 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a modified influenza viral vector that lacks the C-terminal part of the non-structural gene NS1 (delNS) encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, modified influenza virus expressing HPV16 E6/E7 FluBHPVE6E7 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 a… |
Modified Interleukin-2 DF6215 |
A modified and recombinant form of the human endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, modified IL-2 DF6215 targets and binds to IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) expressed on CD8+ T effector cells and activates IL-2R-mediated signaling. This enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs)-mediated cytotoxic immune responses against tumor cells. |
Modified Interleukin-2 LTC004 |
A modified form of the recombinant form of human endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon injection of modified IL-2 LTC004, IL-2 binds to the IL-2 receptor beta (CD122) and gamma (CD132) subunits (IL2Rb/g) that are expressed on CD8+ T effector cells and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby activating IL2R-mediated signaling within these immune cells. The activation of T- and NK cells mediates cytolytic immune responses agains… |
Modified Vaccinia Ankara (Bavarian Nordic)-HER2 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a proprietary, recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding an epitope of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, modified vaccinia Ankara (Bavarian Nordic)-HER2 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against HER2-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. HER2, also known as ErbB-2, is a tyrosine kinase… |
Modified Vaccinia Ankara-vectored HPV16/18 Vaccine JNJ-65195208 |
A booster cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) strain encoding the oncogenic human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV16) and 18 (HPV18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of MVA-vectored HPV16/18 vaccine JNJ-65195208, and after the administration of the prime vaccine(s) adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26)-expressing HPV16 vaccine JNJ-63682918 and/or Ad26-expressin… |
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Expressing Flt3L/OX40L MQ710 |
A recombinant, non-replicative, modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) engineered with the deletion of the vaccinia E5R gene and the expression of two membrane-anchored transgenes, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) and OX40 ligand (OX40L), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA expressing Flt3L/OX40L MQ710 is transduced into tumor cells and Flt3L and OX40L are expressed. The recombinant MVA, with the deletion of the E5R gene… |
Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vaccine Expressing p53 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the wild-type form of the tumor protein p53 (wt p53), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with MVA vaccine expressing p53, the expressed p53 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a p53-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing p53, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The MVA viral vector, derived from … |
Modified Vitamin D Binding Protein Macrophage Activator EF-022 |
A modified version of vitamin D binding protein (VDBP; Gc protein) macrophage activator, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, modified VDBP-macrophage activator EF-022, acting in a similar manner as VDBP-macrophage activating factor (GcMAF), is able to activate tumoricidal macrophages, thereby enhancing the killing and eradication of cancer cells. In addition, EF-022 may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. VDBP is a glyco… |
Modotuximab |
A recombinant immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, modotuximab targets and binds to an epitope located in the extracellular domain (ECD) of EGFR, which causes internalization and degradation of EGFR, including the mutated EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII). This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, thereby inhibiting EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor… |
MOF Compound RiMO-301 |
A nanoparticle-based metal-organic framework (MOF) compound composed of proprietary X-ray-absorbing metals, with potential radiosensitizing properties. Upon intratumoral administration and subsequent irradiation of the tumor site, RiMO-301 absorbs the X-ray photons and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen, which induces ROS-mediated DNA damage in the irradiated cancer cells leading to tumor cell lysis. In addition, RiMO-301 may also contain an a… |
Mofarotene |
An arotinoic acid derivative with a morpholine structure in the polar end group with differentiation inducing and antineoplastic activity. Like other retinoic acid agents, mofarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. In addition, this agent is able to inhibit melanoma cell motility. |
Mogamulizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Mogamulizumab selectively binds to and blocks the activity of CCR4, which may inhibit CCR4-mediated signal transduction pathways and, so, chemokine-mediated cellular migration and proliferation of T cells, and chemokine-mediated angiogenesis. In addition, this agent may induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CCR4-positive… |
Molibresib |
A small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an… |
Molibresib Besylate |
The besylate salt of molibresib, a small molecule inhibitor of the BET (Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal) family of bromodomain-containing proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, molibresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain grow… |
Momelotinib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of wild-type (WT) Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2), the JAK2 mutant form JAK2V617F, and activin A receptor type 1 (ACVR1; activin receptor like kinase 2; ALK2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, momelotinib competes with JAK1/2 for ATP binding, which results in inhibition of JAK1/2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and leads to the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of tumor cell proliferation in J… |
Momelotinib Dihydrochloride Monohydrate |
The monohydrate dihydrochloride salt form of momelotinib, an orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of wild-type (WT) Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK1/2), the JAK2 mutant form JAK2V617F, and activin A receptor type 1 (ACVR1; activin receptor like kinase 2; ALK2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, momelotinib competes with JAK1/2 for ATP binding, which results in inhibition of JAK1/2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and leads to the induction of … |
Monalizumab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monalizumab binds to NKG2A and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cytoto… |
Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Inhibitor AZD3965 |
An orally available inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 binds to MCT1 and prevents the transport of lactate into and out of the cell. This leads to an accumulation of lactate, intracellular acidification, and eventually cancer cell death. MCT1, a protein overexpressed on tumor cells, is responsible for the transport of monocarboxylates across the cell membrane and plays a key role in cell m… |
Monoclonal Antibody 105AD7 Anti-idiotype Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that mimics a tumor-associated antigen 791Tgp72 (also known as CD55). Vaccination with this agent may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing CD55, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 |
A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody (anti-Id). Anti-Id 11D10 mimics a specific epitope of the high molecular weight human milk fat globule (HMFG) glycoprotein primarily expressed by human breast and some other tumor cells at high density. This specific HMFG epitope is identified by mAb BrE1, which was used as the immunizing antibody, or Ab1 to generate the anti-Id (Ab2) 11D10. Anti-ID 11D10 reacts specifically with breast tumor cells and with minimal reactivity with normal tissues. Vac… |
Monoclonal Antibody 11D10 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a monoclonal antibody (MoAb) directed against an idiotype that mimics a human milk fat globule (HMFG) membrane epitope. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 11D10 anti-idiotype vaccine induces anti-anti-idiotype antibodies (Ab3) that may react with breast cancer cell lines expressing the HMFG membrane epitope. |
Monoclonal Antibody 14G2A |
A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody 14G2A binds to the ganglioside GD2 and induces antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against GD2-expressing tumor cells. GD2 is overexpressed in malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the lung. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody 1F5 |
A murine monoclonal antibody directed against CD20, a cross-membrane ion channel phosphoprotein expressed by B cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. MOAB 1F5 binds to CD20, thereby directly inhibiting B-cell proliferation and differentiation. When cross-linked by secondary anti-mouse antibodies or Fc receptor-bearing cells, MOAB 1F5 may induce activation of B-cell protein tyrosine kinases, increases in B-cell intracellular calcium ion concentrations, and B-cell caspase activation, r… |
Monoclonal Antibody 3622W94 |
A humanized murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the 17-1A antigen, with potential adjuvant therapeutic properties in colorectal cancer. 17-1A antigen (EpCAM), a human epithelial cell adhesion molecule, expresses in a variety of carcinoma tissues, such as those of colon and breast carcinomas. Immunization with MoAb 3622W94 may elicit immune responses, which could result in eradicating tumor cells expressing 17-1A antigen. |
Monoclonal Antibody 3F8 |
A murine monoclonal antibody directed against the cell-surface, tumor-associated antigen ganglioside GD2. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody 3F8 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumors that express ganglioside GD2. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody 3H1 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine |
A recombinant monoclonal antibody in which the heavy and light chain variable domains mimic a specific epitope of the tumor-associated protein carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). This agent is used as a cancer vaccine against tumors that express CEA. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody 4B5 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine |
A humanized anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody 4B5 anti-idiotype vaccine may elicit both cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2- expressing tumor cells. GD2 is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) that may be highly expressed by melanomas and other neuroectodermal tumors, while only minimally expressed by nor… |
Monoclonal Antibody 7C11 |
A murine IgM monoclonal antibody against Fas antigen with antineoplastic property. Fas antigen is a member of tumor necrosis factor family that mediates antibody-triggered apoptosis. Upon binds to Fas, monoclonal antibody 7C11 (MoAb 7C11) induces apoptosis in Fas-expressing cells. |
Monoclonal Antibody A1G4 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine |
An anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) rat monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that mimics the disialoganglioside GD2, a cancer-associated antigen present on melanoma, small cell lung cancer, sarcoma, neuroblastoma, and other malignancies. GD2 is a highly expressed glycosphingolipid by melanoma and other neuroectodermal tumors with only minimal expression on normal tissues. Vaccination with anti-Id A1G4 MoAb may elicit cellular and humoral immune responses against GD2 expression tumor cells. |
Monoclonal Antibody A27.15 |
A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody A27.15 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody A33 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human A33 antigen. Monoclonal antibody A33 recognizes the human A33 antigen, a 43 KDa transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily, which is highly and homogenously expressed in 95% of colorectal cancer metastases with only restricted expression in normal colonic mucosa. |
Monoclonal Antibody AbGn-7 |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody against a Lewis-A-like glycotope (AbGn-7 antigen) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Monoclonal antibody AbGn-7 targets and binds to the carbohydrate AbGn-7 antigen on the cell surface of tumor cells and may induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), thereby killing AbGn-7-epitope positive tumor cells. AbGn-7 antigen is expressed on a variety of tumor cell types, including … |
Monoclonal Antibody CAL |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rP). As a poly-hormone with diverse biological roles, PTH-rP is expressed by normal tissues, acting in local tissue environments in a variety of ways; it is commonly overexpressed by breast, prostate, and other cancers, acting systemically by promoting bone resorption, inhibiting calcium excretion from the kidney, inducing hypercalcemia, and possibly playing a role in the formation of bony metastases. By… |
Monoclonal Antibody CC49-delta CH2 |
A humanized CH2 domain-deleted second-generation monoclonal antibody based on the antibody B72.3 that is directed against tumor-associated glycoprotein 72 (TAG72). TAG72 is expressed by gastric, breast, pancreatic, colorectal, and ovarian carcinoma cells. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting glycolipids, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody CEP-37250/KHK2804 targets and binds to a specific tumor antigen, thereby stimulating the immune system to exert an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the tumor associated antigen (TAA)-expressing cancer cells. This agent has shown to be active in both wild-type and mutant K-RAS-expressing colorectal cancer cells. |
Monoclonal Antibody D6.12 |
A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against a 48 kDa antigen expressed on the cell surface of normal and malignant gastrointestinal epithelium. MoAb D6.12 has been shown to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This MoAb, either alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutic agents, may have possible diagnostic or therapeutic applications in gastrointestinal cancers. |
Monoclonal Antibody E2.3 |
A murine IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human transferrin (Tf) receptor. Monoclonal antibody E2.3 binds to the Tf receptor, blocking the binding of transferrin to the receptor and resulting in decreased tumor cell growth. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody F19 |
A murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby MoAb F19 has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers. |
Monoclonal Antibody GD2 Anti-Idiotype Vaccine |
A class of vaccines that consist of anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies against the tumor-associated antigen disialoganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with a monoclonal antibody GD2 anti-idiotype vaccine produces an immunoglobulin response against GD2 with subsequent destruction of GD2 positive tumor cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). GD2 is overexpressed in melanoma, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, and small cell carcinoma of the… |
Monoclonal Antibody GIM-122 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1K) dual-functioning monoclonal antibody, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody GIM-122 targets and binds to as of yet unidentified molecules on target cells and may modulate the immune system and reduce tumor cell proliferation. |
Monoclonal Antibody HeFi-1 |
A murine monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 binds to CD30, a cell surface antigen found on mitogen-activated B-cells and T-cells, and Reed-Sternberg cells. Monoclonal antibody HeFi-1 has been shown to arrest tumor growth and prevent metastasis in animal models. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the Lewis Y antigen, a tumor-associated epithelial antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 triggers an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in cells expressing Lewis Y antigen. (NCI05) |
Monoclonal Antibody HuAFP31 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against alpha fetoprotein with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monoclonal antibody HuAFP31 (mAb HuAFP31) binds to and stimulates a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that express alpha fetoprotein. |
Monoclonal Antibody HuPAM4 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1 with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody HuPAM4 (mAb HuPAM4) binds to cells expressing MUC1 antigen; mAb HuPAM4 may be useful as a carrier for radioisotopes and other antineoplastic therapeutic agents. (NCI05) |
Monoclonal Antibody IMMU-14 |
An anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) murine monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) with potential antineoplastic activity. CEA is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal, breast, and non-small cell lung cancers. MOAB IMMU-14 can be conjugated with a radioactive element for use in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a regimen that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to deliver targeted radiation to cancer cells. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody L6 |
A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Monoclonal antibody L6 binds to the L6 antigen, a cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in many carcinomas, and induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity against L6-expressing tumor cells. This agent may be conjugated with various toxins in order to target their cytotoxic activity to tumor cells expressing the L6 antigen. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1 |
A murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against the HLA-Dr10 protein, a cell surface marker present on over eighty percent of lymphoma cells. When conjugated with a radioactive isotope, Lym-1 monoclonal antibody selectively transports the cytotoxic radioisotope to HLA-Dr10-expressing tumor cells, thereby sparing healthy B-cells and normal tissues. This agent also mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity thereby promoting Raji B-lymphoid cell lysis by human neutrophils. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody m170 |
A panadenocarcinoma murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) with potential antineoplastic activity. MoAb m170 recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. It may be conjugated with a radioactive element and used in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), a procedure that uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to target radiation to cancer cells. |
Monoclonal Antibody Me1-14 F(ab’)2 |
The F(ab)2 fragment of Me1-14, a murine IgG2a monoclonal antibody directed against proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein expressed by gliomas and melanomas. By binding to proteoglycan chondroitin sulfate-associated protein, monoclonal antibody Me1-14 F(ab’)2 conjugated to a radioisotope may localize gliomas and melanomas when used as a tracer in radioimaging applications; in radioimmunotherapeutic applications, this agent conjugated to a radioisotope may be used to deliver targ… |
Monoclonal Antibody muJ591 |
A murine IgG monoclonal antibody against the external domain of the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Radiolabelled MoAb muJ591 may be used in prostate cancer diagnosis and therapy. |
Monoclonal Antibody MX35 F(ab’)2 |
The F(ab)2 fragment of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) MX35 that recognizes a 95 kD glycoprotein with homogeneous distribution on 80% of ovarian tumor specimens. When radiolabeled, this MoAb has potential use in the radioimaging or may induce a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express this glycoprotein. Containing only the antigen-binding fragment of the Ig molecule, MoAb MX35 F(ab’)2 offers the advantages of smaller size and lower cross-reactivity compared to complete antibodies. |
Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) from pooled allogeneic colon cancer tissue extracts, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intravenous administration, monoclonal antibody NEO-201 targets and binds to malignant tissues with tumor-specific mutations in the membrane-anchored proteins, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5 and 6 (CEACAM5 and CEACA… |
Monoclonal Antibody R24 |
An IgG murine monoclonal antibody directed against the ganglioside GD3 glycolipid, located in the cell membranes of some tumor cells. Monoclonal antibody R24 binds to GD3-positive cells, thereby initiating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against GD3-positive cells. (NCI04) |
Monoclonal Antibody RAV12 |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against a primate-restricted N-linked carbohydrate epitope (glycotope) expressed on various human carcinomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, monoclonal antibody RAV12 disrupts sodium channels of tumor cells expressing this glycotope, resulting in cell and organelle swelling, loss of membrane integrity, and cell death. (NCI05) |
Monoclonal Antibody SGN-14 |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CD40 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. CD-40, an integral membrane protein found on the surface of B lymphocytes and member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super-family, is highly overexpressed on the cell surface of a number of B-cell malignancies. Monoclonal antibody SGN-14 specifically binds to and inhibits CD-40, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell lysis via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC… |
Monoclonal Microbial EDP1503 |
An orally available preparation derived from a single clone of Bifidobacterium spp. with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, monoclonal microbial EDP1503 colonizes the gut and may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, promote the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), and enhance the induction and infiltration of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Bifidobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bact… |
Monomethyl Auristatin E |
A dolastatin-10 peptide derivative with potent antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity as part of an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) binds to tubulin, blocks tubulin polymerization, and inhibits microtubule formation, which results in both disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. To minimize toxicity and maximize efficacy, MMAE is conjugated, via a cleavable peptide linker, to a monoclon… |
Montanide ISA 720 |
A proprietary adjuvant, applicable for water-in-oil (W/O; 30/70 v/v) vaccine emulsion, with potential immunoadjuvant activity. Montanide ISA 720 is made of natural metabolizable non-mineral oil and a highly refined emulsifier from the mannide mono-oleate family; it is rapidly metabolized and eliminated, and may be used in various vaccines, including cancer vaccines. Upon administration, Montanide ISA 720 forms a depot at the injection site and is therefore capable of slowly releasing the anti… |
Montanide ISA-51 VG/KLH/NY-ESO-1/MART-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of two immunogenic peptides derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and the melanoma differentiation antigen Melan-A (MART-1; Melanoma Antigen Recognized by T-cells 1), which are conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and emulsified in the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA-51 VG, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination, the Montanide ISA-51 VG/KLH/NY-ESO-1/MART-1 peptide vaccine st… |
Morinda Citrifolia Fruit Extract |
An extract prepared from the fruit of Morinda citrifolia, a plant that yields various herbal preparations. Morinda citrifolia fruit juice has antioxidant properties and may prevent tumorigenesis via inhibition of DNA-carcinogen adduct formation. |
Morpholinodoxorubicin |
A semisynthetic derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. As an antineoplastic agent, morpholinodoxorubicin is more potent than doxorubicin. Similar to doxorubicin, morpholinodoxorubicin intercalates into DNA and causes single- and double-strand breaks in DNA via inhibition of topoisomerase I and II. Unlike doxorubicin, this agent is metabolized in vivo to a DNA-alkylating derivative that forms DNA interstrand cross-links, thereby potentiating its doxorubicin-l… |
Mosedipimod |
A synthetic version of a monoacetyldiacylglyceride naturally occurring in various seed oils, bovine udder and milk fat, antlers of sika deer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which EC-18 exerts its pharmacological effect has yet to be fully identified, upon administration, mosedipimod stimulates calcium influx into T-lymphocytes and increases the production of various cytokines, including interleukin (IL) -2, IL-4, IL-12, interferon-gamma … |
Mosunetuzumab |
A bispecific, humanized monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Mosunetuzumab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, mosunetuzumab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells; this cross-links T-cells to tumo… |
Motacabtagene Lurevgedleucel |
A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimula… |
Motesanib |
An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AMG 706 selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), Kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. |
Motesanib Diphosphate |
The orally bioavailable diphosphate salt of a multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Motesanib selectively targets and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR), kit, and Ret receptors, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cellular proliferation. |
Motexafin Gadolinium |
A synthetic metallotexaphyrin with radiosensitizing and chemosensitizing properties. Motexafin gadolinium accumulates in tumor cells preferentially due to their increased rates of metabolism, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) intracellularly and lowering the tumor cell apoptotic threshold to ionizing radiation and chemotherapy. (NCI04) |
Motexafin Lutetium |
A pentadentate aromatic metallotexaphyrin with photosensitizing properties. Motexafin lutetium preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to their increased rates of metabolism and absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen, resulting in local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04) |
Motixafortide |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. CXCR4 antagonist BL-8040 selectively binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. In addition, inhibition of CXCR4 may induce mobilization of hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow into blood. Th… |
Motolimod |
A small-molecule Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Motolimod binds to TLR8, present in cutaneous dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, and mast cells, which may result in the activation of the central transcription factor nuclear factor-B, the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators, and a Th1-weighted antitumoral cellular immune response. Primarily localized to endosomal membranes intracellularly, TLR8, li… |
Mouse gp100 Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a plasmid DNA encoding the murine melanoma-associated antigen gp100. Upon administration, expressed gp100 antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell HLA-A2.1-restricted immune response against tumor cells that express the gp100 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Mouse Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a plasmid DNA encoding the murine prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Upon administration, expressed PSMA may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells that express PSMA, resulting in tumor cell lysis. (NCI05) |
Mouse Renal Adenocarcinoma Cell-Encapsulated Agarose-Agarose Macrobeads |
An agarose matrix containing mouse renal adenocarcinoma (RENCA) cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. The agarose-agarose macrobeads consist of two spherical agarose layers; the mouse RENCA cells are contained within the inner agarose layer. Upon placement into the abdominal cavity, the restricted mouse renal adenocarcinoma cells in the agarose macrobeads produce and release certain growth-retarding factors that inhibit the proliferation of the RENCA cells; Upon diffusion of these gr… |
MOv19 CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Allogeneic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of allogeneic CD4-positive and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprised of an anti-folate receptor alpha (FR-alpha; ovarian tumor-associated antigen MOv18) single chain variable fragment (scFv) (MOv19) and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon… |
MOv-gamma Chimeric Receptor Gene |
A recombinant engineered chimeric gene derived from the murine gene encoding the variable region of monoclonal antibody MOv18 against folate-binding protein, which is often overexpressed in human ovarian cancer cells, and the gene encoding the Fc receptor for the gamma subunit of human IgG and IgE. Peripheral blood lymphocytes expressing the MOv-gamma gene may be used in the immunotherapeutic treatment of ovarian cancer. (NCI04) |
Moxetumomab Pasudotox |
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the Fv portion of the anti-CD22 antibody covalently fused to a 38 KDa fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin-A (PE38) with potential antineoplastic activity. The Fv portion of anti-CD22 immunotoxin CAT-8015 binds to CD22, a cell surface receptor expressed on a variety of malignant B-cells, thereby delivering the toxin moiety PE38 directly to tumor cells. Once internalized, PE38 induces caspase-mediated apoptosis via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage … |
Mps1 Inhibitor BAY 1217389 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1, TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BAY 1217389 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), accelerates mitosis, causes chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps… |
Mps1 Inhibitor BOS172722 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1; TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the Mps1 inhibitor BOS172722 binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1, a core component of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Inhibition of Mps1 activity compromises spindle assembly checkpoint, increases chromosome missegregation errors and decreases cancer cell viability. Mps1, a dual-specificity protein kinase… |
MPS1 Kinase Inhibitor NMS-01940153E |
A selective inhibitor of the serine/threonine-protein kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1; TTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MPS1 kinase inhibitor NMS-01940153E targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1, a core component of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Inhibition of Mps1 activity compromises the functioning of SAC, increases chromosome missegregation errors and decreases cancer cell viability. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. Mps1, a du… |
mRNA-based Personalized Cancer Vaccine NCI-4650 |
An mRNA-based therapeutic personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) targeting up to fifteen tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by a patient’s cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient’s tumor are analyzed and subjected to RNA sequencing to identify mutant and immunogenic epitopes. The neoantigen epitopes are screened to select those that induce a strong immune response in tumor- infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs… |
mRNA-based TriMix Melanoma Vaccine ECI-006 |
A melanoma vaccine consisting of mRNAs encoding five different melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and a TriMix platform comprised of three mRNAs encoding for constitutively activated toll-like receptor 4 (caTLR4), CD40 ligand (CD40L), and CD70, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intranodal injection, mRNA based TriMix vaccine ECI-006 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against tumor cells expressing the five TAAs… |
mRNA-derived IDO/PD-L1-targeted Vaccine mRNA-4359 |
A mRNA-based cancer vaccine that targets the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO; IDO1) and the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, the mRNA-derived IDO/PD-L1-targeted vaccine mRNA-4359 is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Following translation, the epitopes are presented via major … |
mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted Vaccine V941 |
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA-based cancer vaccine that targets four of the most commonly occurring KRAS mutations (G12D, G12V, G13D, and G12C), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the mRNA-derived KRAS-targeted vaccine V941 (mRNA-5671) is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Following translation, the epitopes are presented via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This le… |
mRNA-derived Lung Cancer Vaccine BI 1361849 |
A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing six modified mRNAs, which encode six different NSCLC associated antigens, with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon intradermal administration, mRNA-derived lung cancer vaccine BI 1361849 may stimulate the immune system to mount both humoral and cellular responses against NSCLC cells. The six tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by these mRNAs are frequently expressed by NSCLC cells and are minimally expressed or… |
mRNA-Derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9103 |
A prostate cancer vaccine containing mRNAs encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP), with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9103 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response (CTL) against PSA-, PSMA-, PSCA- and STEAP-expressing prostate tumor cells. The mRNA used in t… |
mRNA-derived Prostate Cancer Vaccine CV9104 |
A prostate cancer vaccine containing six messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding for antigens upregulated in prostate cancer, including mRNAs for prostate specific antigen (PSA), prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and mucin 1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intradermal administration of mRNA-derived prostate cancer vaccine CV9104, this agent enters cells, the mRNAs are translated into the respective prostate specifi… |
mRNA-encoded Anti-CD3/Anti-CLDN6 Bispecific Antibody BNT142 |
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding for bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 6 (CLDN6; CLDN-6) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mRNA-encoded anti-CD3/anti-CLDN6 bispecific antibody BNT142 binds to the plasma membrane of cells and releases the mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is translated and the anti-CD3/a… |
mRNA-encoded Anti-Claudin18.2 Monoclonal Antibody BNT141 |
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulating a messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding for a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, mRNA-encoded anti-claudin18.2 monoclonal antibody BNT141 binds to the plasma membrane of cells and releases the mRNA into the cells. The mRNA is then translated by ribosomes to produce the anti-CLDN18.2 monoclon… |
MTF-1 Inhibitor APTO-253 HCl |
The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of human metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF-1) with potential antitumor activity. MTF-1 inhibitor APTO-253 inhibits MTF-1 activity and thereby induces the expression of MTF-1 dependent tumor suppressor factor Kruppel like factor 4 (KLF4). This subsequently leads to the downregulation of cyclin D1, blocking cell cycle progression and proliferation. This agent also causes decreased expression of genes involved in tumor hypoxia and a… |
mTOR Inhibitor GDC-0349 |
An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, tetrahydroquinazoline (THQ)-based inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GDC-0349 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in both the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the phosphatidylinositol-3 (PI3K) kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family, plays an important … |
mTOR Kinase Inhibitor AZD8055 |
An inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055 inhibits the serine/threonine kinase activity of mTOR, resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression, which may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. mTOR phosphorylates transcription factors, such as S6K1 and 4E-BP1, which stimulate protein synthesis and regulate cell growth, proliferation, motility, and survival. |
mTOR Kinase Inhibitor CERC-006 |
An orally bioavailable mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTOR kinase inhibitor CERC-006 binds to and inhibits both the raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and the rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in some tumors and plays an important role downstre… |
mTOR1/2 Kinase Inhibitor ME-344 |
An active metabolite of NV-128, a novel flavonoid small molecule inhibitor of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mTOR1/2 Kinase inhibitor ME-344 downregulates the PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway and results in chromatin condensation in the absence of caspase activation. Consequently, this agent induces caspase-independent cell death in tumor cells with a de-regulated PIK3/AKT/mTOR pathway or chemotherapeutic resistant cells. |
mTORC 1/2 Inhibitor LXI-15029 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 inhibitor LXI-15029 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC1/2-exp… |
mTORC1 Kinase Inhibitor RMC-5552 |
A bi-steric inhibitor of the raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mTORC1 kinase inhibitor RMC-5552 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the serine/threonine kinase activity of mTORC1, resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression, which may induce cell cycle arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. mTORC1 phosphorylates transcription factors, such as ribosoma… |
mTORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor BI 860585 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTOR complex 1; mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR complex 2 (mTOR complex 2; mTORC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mTORC1/2 kinase inhibitor BI 860585 binds to the kinase domain of mTOR and inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2, in an ATP-competitive manner. This inhibits mTOR-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of mTORC… |
mtRTK Inhibitor WM-S1-030 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mutant receptor tyrosine kinase (mtRTK; pTyr-mtRTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mtRTK inhibitor WM-S1-030 targets and binds to mtRTK, thereby inhibiting mtRTK-mediated signaling pathways. This inhibits proliferation of tumor cells expressing mtRTK. |
MUC-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a synthetic peptide derived from the mucin 1 (MUC1) antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, MUC1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the MUC1 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. Overexpressed on many tumor cells, MUC1 antigen, a mammary-type apomucin, is a high-molecular-weight transmembrane glycoprotein. |
MUC1 Peptide-Poly-ICLC Vaccine |
A vaccine preparation containing mucus 1 (MUC1) peptide and the adjuvant poly-ICLC with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MUC1 peptide-poly-ICLC adjuvant vaccine may induce the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T cell response against MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a tumor associated antigen normally present on the lining of the human colon, may be overexpressed and/or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, a … |
MUC-1/WT1 Peptide-primed Autologous Dendritic Cells |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) mucin-1 (MUC1) and Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, the MUC-1/WT1 peptide-primed autologous DCs expose the immune system to MUC1 and WT1 peptides and may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against MUC1 and WT1-expressing cancer … |
MUC1-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine, containing human tumor-associated epithelial mucin (MUC1) conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with MUC1-KLH conjugate vaccine may stimulate humoral and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing the MUC1 antigen. In this vaccine, MUC1 antigen is conjugated with KLH, an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, to enhance immune recognition. MUC1 antigen, a membrane-bound glycoprotein exp… |
MUC1-KLH Vaccine/QS21 |
A peptide vaccine containing the human tumor-associated antigen epithelial mucin (MUC1 antigen) conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and combined with the nonspecific immunoadjuvant QS21, with potential antineoplastic activity. MUC1 antigen is linked with KLH, an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, in order to enhance immune recognition; the co-administration of saponin-derived QS21 potentially amplifies the total immune response to the MUC1 antigen. Administration of MUC1-KLH … |
MUC1-targeted Peptide GO-203-2C |
An optimized small peptide drug candidate targeting epithelial mucin (MUC1) with antineoplastic activity. MUC1-targeted peptide GO-203-2C interacts with oncoprotein MUC1 C-terminal subunit on the cell surface, thereby impeding cell-cell interactions, signaling, and metastasis. MUC1 antigen, a membrane bound glycoprotein expressed by most glandular and ductal epithelial cells, is over-expressed in many diverse human carcinomas including those of the breast, prostate, lung, colon, pancreas, and… |
MUC-2-KLH Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing human mucin 2 (MUC2) protein conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. MUC2, a secretory or gel forming glycoprotein expressed predominantly in goblet cells of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is overexpressed as an aberrant or deglycosylated form in various tumors such as gastric carcinomas and some hormone-refractory prostate cancers. MUC2 protein is conjugated with KLH, an immunostimulant and a hapten c… |
Mucoadhesive Paclitaxel Formulation |
An orally available, mucoadhesive lipid preparation consisting of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, in a formulation that is comprised of a mixture of monoolein, tricarprylin, and Tween 80, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DHP107 forms droplets and micelles in the intestine; these adhere to mucoepithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract and are absorbed through lipid-based uptake mechanisms. Upon absorption, pacli… |
Mulnitorsen |
A proprietary antisense oligonucleotide targeting a novel non-coding mitochondrial RNA (ncmtRNA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, mulnitorsen binds to ncmtRNA, which is overexpressed in rapidly proliferating cells, such as cancer cells, and not expressed in resting cells. This may decrease the expression of the ncmtRNA, which may inhibit cell proliferation and eventually induce apoptosis in susceptible cancer cells. The proprietary mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) belong… |
Multi-AGC Kinase Inhibitor AT13148 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of AGC group kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. AT13148 inhibits, in an ATP-competitive manner, the enzymatic activity of two AGC kinases, protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and p70S6K which play key roles in the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signaling pathway. Blockade of this pathway leads to an inhibition of cell growth and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PI3K/PKB/mTOR pathway is dysregulated in greater than 50% of tumors, and i… |
Multi-epitope Anti-folate Receptor Peptide Vaccine TPIV 200 |
A peptide vaccine containing five immunogenic peptide epitopes of the human folate receptor 1 (FOLR1; FR-alpha), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope anti-folate receptor peptide vaccine TPIV 200 may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against FR-alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. FR-alpha is a high-affinity folate-binding protein and a member of the folate receptor family; this receptor is overexpressed in var… |
Multi-epitope Folate Receptor Alpha Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing five immunogenic peptide epitopes of the human folate receptor alpha (FR alpha or FOLR1), including FR30, FR56, FR76, FR113, and FR238, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the multi-epitope FR alpha peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against FR alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. FR alpha is a high-affinity folate-binding protein and a member of the folate receptor family; this receptor is… |
Multi-epitope Folate Receptor Alpha-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous-monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with five immunogenic peptide epitopes, derived from the tumor-associated antigen human folate receptor alpha (FR alpha or FOLR1), including FR30, FR56, FR76, FR113, and FR238, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activity. Ex vivo treatment of the DCs with a p38 inhibitor decreases p38-mediated signaling and enhances ERK activation. This may allow, upon intradermal administration of the mu… |
Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine H2NVAC |
A peptide vaccine containing four immunogenic epitopes derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; HER-2; ErbB2; Neu), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine H2NVAC may induce a helper T-cell mediated immune response against HER2-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in long-term immunopotentiation against HER2-expressing tumor cells by increasi… |
Multi-epitope HER2 Peptide Vaccine TPIV100 |
A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of four peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the multi-epitope HER2 peptide vaccine TPIV100, the four peptides may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the HER-2/neu antigen, which may result in the inhibition of proliferation in Her-2/neu-expressing tumor cells. Her-2/neu, a me… |
Multi-epitope Melanoma Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of peptides derived form several melanoma epitopes. Vaccination with multi-epitope melanoma peptide vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the corresponding antigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. This vaccine may stimulate a broader CTL response compared to single-antigen vaccines. (NCI04) |
Multi-epitope TARP-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine comprised of autologous dendritic cells pulsed with multiple antigenic peptides derived from T-cell receptor gamma-chain alternate reading frame protein (TARP), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, multi-epitope (ME) TARP-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody responses against TARP-expressing cancer cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. … |
Multifunctional/Multitargeted Anticancer Agent OMN54 |
An orally available, multivalent herbal formulation containing a novel mixture of whole extracts from three commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi mushroom), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Chinese sage, or danshen) and Scutellaria barbata (ban zhi lian), with potential immunomodulating, antiangiogenic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiviral activities. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated due to the complexity of the multiple phytoc… |
Multi-glioblastoma-peptide-targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine ICT-107 |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with six synthetic glioblastoma (GBM) peptides: absent in melanoma 2 (AIM-2), melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-1), tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2), glycoprotein 100 (gp100), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Ra2), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Mononuclear cells obtained via leukapheresis are differentiated into DCs, a… |
Multi-kinase Inhbitor AIV001 |
A prolonged-release multi-kinase inhibitor, with potential anti-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal or intratumoral administration, AIV001 targets and binds to several kinases, including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and inhibits multiple pathways involved in neovascularization, fibrosis, abnormal cell proliferation and inflammation. This may reduce dermal neovascularization and fibroplasia during wound healing and scarring, reduce … |
Multikinase Inhibitor 4SC-203 |
A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multikinase inhibitor 4SC-203 selectively inhibits FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), FLT3 mutated forms, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). This may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells in which these kinases are upregulated. FLT3 (FLK2), a class III tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage and acute myeloid leukemias (AML). … |
Multikinase Inhibitor AEE788 |
An orally bioavailable multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. AEE788 inhibits phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinases of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGF2), resulting in receptor inhibition, the inhibition of cellular proliferation, and induction of tumor cell and tumor-associated endothelial cell apoptosis. (NCI05) |
Multikinase Inhibitor AT9283 |
A small synthetic molecule and aurora kinase (AK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. AT9283 selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which are serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in mitotic checkpoint control during mitosis. Inhibition of these kinases results in an inhibition of cellular division and proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. |
Multi-kinase Inhibitor LNK01002 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of three as of yet undisclosed kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor LNK01002 inhibits the activity of the three as of yet undisclosed kinases. This may result in antitumor activity in tumor cells in which these kinases are upregulated or dysregulated. |
Multikinase Inhibitor SAR103168 |
A multikinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, multikinase inhibitor SAR103168 may, through the inhibition of multiple kinases, inhibit the phosphorylation and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). STAT5, a protein often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a key role in signal transduction pathways and the suppression of apoptosis. |
Multi-kinase Inhibitor ST-1898 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor ST-1898 inhibits the activity of multiple RTKs, which may include vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2; VEGFR2), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), AXL (UFO), platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRa), rearranged during transfection (RET) and mast/stem cell factor rece… |
Multi-kinase Inhibitor T-1301 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of multiple as of yet undisclosed kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, multi-kinase inhibitor T-1301 inhibits the activity of multiple as of yet undisclosed kinases. This may result in antitumor activity in tumor cells in which these kinases are upregulated or dysregulated. |
Multi-mode Kinase Inhibitor EOC317 |
An orally available, small molecule, multi-mode kinase inhibitor (MMKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MMKI EOC317 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of a variety of kinases, such as phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), and the receptor tyrosine kinases, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), angiopoietin-1 receptor (TIE 2), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). This inhibition may result in an induction of apoptosis of s… |
Multi-neo-epitope Vaccine OSE 2101 |
A proprietary cancer DNA vaccine that contains multiple natural and modified epitopes derived from the four tumor associated antigens, CEA, HER2/neu, p53, and MAGE 2/3. EP-2101 also includes CAP1-6D, a heteroclitic CEA analog, and PADRE, a proprietary universal T-cell epitope that serves to enhance the immunogenicity of the epitopes. This agent has been shown to elicit cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses against tumor cells expressing these multiple epitopes. (NCI04) |
Multi-peptide CMV-Modified Vaccinia Ankara Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of an inactivated, Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding three herpes virus cytomegalovirus (CMV) tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including UL83 (pp65), UL123 (IE1) and UL122 (IE2), with potential immunostimulating activity. The viral peptides expressed after administration of the multi-peptide CMV-MVA vaccine, may stimulate the immune system to mount both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T-cell responses against CMV-infected cells. This results in… |
Multipeptide Vaccine S-588210 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a combination of the injectable formulations S-488210, which contains the three HLA-A02:01-restricted peptides up-regulated lung cancer 10 (lymphocyte antigen 6K; LY6K; URLC10), cell division cycle-associated protein 1 (kinetochore protein Nuf2; NUF2; CDCA1) and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3; KOC1) and S-488211, which contains the two HLA-A02:01-restricted peptides DEP domain-containing protein 1A (DEPDC1) and M-phase phosphoprotei… |
Multiple TAA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC) vaccine in which autologous DCs are loaded with multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-infusion into the patient, the antigen-pulsed DCs stimulate the immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the TAA-expressing tumor cells. |
Multi-subtype Natural Human Leukocyte Interferon Alpha |
A preparation containing a mixture of multiple naturally occurring, active subtypes 1, 2, 8, 10, 14 and 21 of interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) with immunomodulating, anti-viral and anti-cancer activities. Multi-subtype natural human leukocyte IFN-alpha is purified from the leukocyte fraction of human blood challenged with Sendai virus. Upon administration, IFN-alpha subtypes bind to cell surface IFN-alpha receptors (IFNARs), resulting in an upregulation of interferon stimulated genes and related … |
Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor JNJ-26483327 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, multitargeted reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor JNJ-26483327 binds to and inhibits several members of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, including EGFR, HER2 and HER4; Src family kinases (Lyn, Yes, Fyn, Lck and Src); and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 3 (VEGFR3). By inhibiting several different signaling molecules that play crucial roles… |
Mupadolimab |
A type II humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, mupadolimab targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, leading to internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, thereby preventing adenosi… |
Muparfostat |
A mixture of highly sulfated, monophosphorylated mannose oligosaccharides, derived from the extracellular phosphomannan of the yeast Pichia (Hansenula) holstii, with potential antiangiogenic activity. Muparfostat inhibits the endo-beta-D-glucuronidase heparanase, which may interfere with the heparanase-mediated degradation of heparan-sulfate proteoglycans in extracellular matrices, an important step in the metastatic process. This agent may also bind with high affinity to the heparan sulfate-… |
Mureletecan |
A water-soluble prodrug, consisting of camptothecin covalently linked to polymeric backbone methacryloylglycynamide, with potential antineoplastic activity. After entering tumor cells, the active moiety camptothecin is slowly released from mureletecan via hydrolysis of the ester linkage. Camptothecin, an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated singl… |
Murine TYRP2 Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the mouse tumor associated antigen tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TYRP2) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, murine TYRP2 plasmid DNA vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing TYRP2; this vaccine may also induce an immune response against tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TYRP1). TYRP2 and TYRP1, melanosomal membrane glycoproteins upregu… |
Murizatoclax |
An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein (myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MCL-1 inhibitor AMG 397 targets and binds to Mcl-1, thereby preventing the binding of Mcl-1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing Mcl-1. Mcl-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins, is u… |
Muscadine Grape Extract |
An extract derived from the Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-lipidemic and chemopreventive activities. The muscadine grape extract (MGE) contains numerous phytochemicals including hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids, such as resveratrol, anthocyanin 3,5-diglucosides, quercetin, ellagic acid, myricetin, and kaempferol glycosides. Upon administration, the active components in the MGE scavenge free radicals, protect against oxidation of lo… |
Muscadine Grape Skin Extract |
A nutritional supplement containing an extract of the skin of Muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. The skin extract of the muscadine grape contains numerous phytochemicals including hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids, such as anthocyanin 3,5-diglucosides, quercetin, myricetin, and kaempferol glycosides. Upon administration, muscadine grape skin extract (MSKE) appears to inhibit PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling, eventua… |
Mutant p53 Activator COTI-2 |
An orally available third generation thiosemicarbazone and activator of mutant forms of the p53 protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant p53 activator COTI-2 targets and binds to the misfolded mutant forms of the p53 protein, which induces a conformational change that normalizes p53 and restores its activity. This induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which the p53 protein is mutated. In addition, COTI-2 inhibits the activation of Akt2 and prevents the a… |
Mutant p53 Peptide Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells which have been pulsed with a mutant p53 peptide. Vaccination with mutant p53 peptide pulsed dendritic cells may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing mutant p53, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Many tumor cells overexpress mutant p53 proteins, resulting in the loss of apoptosis regulation and abnormal cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor BDTX-1535 |
An orally bioavailable, brain penetrating, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor BDTX-1535 selectively targets, irreversibly binds to, and inhibits the activity of various EGFR alterations and mutations, including certain intrinsic and acquired resistance mutations. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling in susceptible tumor cells. This may both induce cell death and… |
Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor JIN-A02 |
An orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, fourth-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor JIN-A02 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of certain EGFR mutations, specifically double and triple mutations containing C797S mutations, including the double mutations Ex19Del/C797S and L858R/C797S, and the Ex19Del/T790M/C797S triple mutation. This prevents EGFR-mediated sign… |
Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor PF-06459988 |
An orally available, small molecule, third-generation, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant (EGFRm) forms with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR inhibitor PF-06459988 specifically binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including the secondary acquired resistance mutation T790M, which prevents EGFR-mediated signaling and leads to cell death in EGFRm-expressing tumor cells. Compared to some other EGFR inhibitors, PF-06459988 may have therapeutic be… |
Mutant-selective EGFR Inhibitor TAS3351 |
A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective EGFR inhibitor TAS3351 targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of various EGFR common mutant forms, such as the exon 19 deletion (ex19del) or the L858R point mutation, with or without the resistance mutations T790M and/or C797S, while sparing wild type EGFR activity. This prevents EGFR-mediated si… |
Mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047R Inhibitor LOXO-783 |
An orally bioavailable, brain penetrative, selective irriversible inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha) mutant H1047R, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047R inhibitor LOXO-783 selectively targets and allosterically binds to the PIK3CA mutated form PI3Ka H1047R, thereby preventing the activity of the H1047R mut… |
Mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047R Inhibitor OKI-219 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha) mutant H1047R, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047R inhibitor OKI-219 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the PIK3CA mutant PI3Ka H1047R. This prevents PIK3CA H1047R-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mamma… |
Mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047X Inhibitor STX-478 |
An orally bioavailable, brain penetrative, selective inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha) mutant H1047X, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant-selective PI3K-alpha H1047X inhibitor STX-478 selectively targets and allosterically binds to the PIK3CA mutated form PIK3CA H1047X, thereby preventing the activity of the H1047X mutant. This pre… |
Mutant-selective PI3K-alpha Inhibitor BPI-21668 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha) mutant(s), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-alpha inhibitor BPI-21668 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of PIK3CA mutant(s), in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA m… |
Muzastotug |
A human monoclonal antibody with a masked antibody binding site directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration and the activation of the antibody binding site in the tumor microenvironment (TME), muzastotug targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activatio… |
MVA Tumor-specific Neoantigen Boosting Vaccine MVA-209-FSP |
An off-the-shelf neoantigen boosting vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) encoding tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) derived from the same as of yet undisclosed frameshift peptides (FSPs) targeted by the priming vaccine, great ape adenoviral tumor-specific neoantigen priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Following intramuscular administration of the priming vaccine GAd-209-FSP, the booster MVA tumor-specific neoant… |
MVA-BN Smallpox Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), a live, attenuated, non-replicating, proprietary version of the MVA virus, used for the prevention of smallpox and monkeypox, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-BN smallpox vaccine may induce both cellular and humoral immune responses, which may lead to tumor cell lysis. |
MVA-BN-Brachyury-TRICOM Vaccine |
A cancer priming vaccine consisting of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), encoding the human transcription factor and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) brachyury, and a triad of T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM), which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration… |
MVA-EBNA1/LMP2 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the gene for the CD4 epitope-rich C-terminal domain of the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) antigen EBNA1 and fused to the full-length of the EBV-associated antigen latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MVA EBNA1/LMP2 vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell immune response against cancer cells expressing EBNA1 and LMP2. Multi-… |
MVA-FCU1 TG4023 |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the suicide gene FCU1 with potential antineoplastic activity. FCU1 is a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase (CD) / uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) fusion gene. Upon intratumoral administration, MVA-FCU1TG4023 enters tumor cells where FCU1 is expressed. Subsequently, the noncytotoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) is administered systemically and is deaminated by CD in FCU1- transduced t… |
MVA-PSA/PAP Prostate Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding genes for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MVA-PSA-PAP prostate cancer vaccine expresses PSA and PAP peptides, which may elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against prostate cancer cells expressing PSA and PAP. Multi-antigen vaccine therapy may be more efficacious than … |
MVA-PSA/PAP/STEAP1/5T4 Prostate Cancer Vaccine MVA-PCAQ |
A cancer vaccine consisting of recombinant replication-deficient modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding genes for the prostate cancer-associated antigens prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), and 5T4 oncofetal antigen, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, MVA-PSA/PAP/STEAP1/5T4 prostate cancer vaccine MVA-PCAQ expresses PSA, PAP, STEAP1 an… |
MVF-HER-2(597-626)/MVF-HER-2 (266-296) Peptide Vaccine |
A combination peptide vaccine of 2 chimeric peptides of the promiscuous T cell epitope derived from measles virus fusion protein (MVF; amino acid residues 288-302) co-synthesized with B-cell epitopes derived from the HER-2/neu a.a. 597-626 and HER-2/neu a.a. 266-296, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with MVF-HER-2(597-626)/MVF-HER-2(266-296) peptide vaccine may be capable of inducing an active specific immune response, mounting a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and an… |
MVF-HER-2(628-647)-CRL 1005 Vaccine |
A chimeric peptide immunogen of human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) with antineoplastic property. HER-2 protein is a receptor tyrosine kinase and a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. MVF-HER-2(628-647)-CRL 1005 vaccine, coated with poloxamer CRL-1005 to form microparticles, consists of a mutated HER-2 B-cell epitope, HER-2(628-647), and a promiscuous T cell epitope (amino acid sequence 288-302) of the measles virus fusion protein (MVF). Vaccinati… |
MVX-1-loaded Macrocapsule/autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine MVX-ONCO-1 |
A two-component, anti-cancer vaccine containing irradiated tumor cells from a patient, and a capsule implanted with a genetically modified allogeneic cell line that continuously releases granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immune-protective and -boosting activities. Upon subcutaneous injection of MVX-1-loaded macrocapsule/autologous tumor cell vaccine MVX-ONCO-1, the GM-CSF-secreting allogeneic cell capsules and the autologous irradiated cells isolated fr… |
Myc Inhibitor OMO-103 |
A peptide inhibitor of the proto-oncogene Myc, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Myc inhibitor OMO-103 enters cells, reaches the nucleus and inhibits Myc. This may inhibit tumor cell growth and proliferation. Myc, a proto-oncogene dysregulated in a variety of cancers, plays a role in the regulation of transcription and cell proliferation. |
Myc Inhibitor WBC100 |
An inhibitor of the proto-oncogene Myc (c-Myc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Myc inhibitor WBC100 targets and and inhibits Myc. This may inhibit proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. Myc, a proto-oncogene dysregulated in a variety of cancers, plays a role in the regulation of transcription and cell proliferation. |
Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex |
A proprietary preparation of mycobacterial DNA oligonucleotides embedded in mycobacterial cell wall fragments derived from cultures of Mycobacterium phlei, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. DNA oligonucleotides in the mycobacterial cell wall-DNA complex (MCC) are capable of inducing apoptosis by increasing BAX protein levels, releasing cytochrome C from mitochondria, and activating caspase-3 and -7. This leads to the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and th… |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Arabinomannan Z-100 |
An extract from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) containing the polysaccharide arabinomannan, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of M. tuberculosis arabinomannan Z-100, this agent may activate the immune system by increasing the expression of various cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFNg) and interleukin-12. This inhibits the activity of suppressor T-cells, increases T helper 1 cell (Th1) activity and may restore the balance between Th1/Th2 cells. A… |
Mycobacterium w |
An attenuated strain of Mycobacterium w, a non-pathogenic, rapidly growing, atypical mycobacterium, with non-specific immunopotentiating properties. In addition to sharing a number of common B and T cell determinants with Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium w (Mw) also shares an immunogenic determinant with prostate specific antigen (PSA). In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that heat-killed Mw can induce significant T-cell responses. This agent may induce h… |
Mycophenolic Acid |
An antineoplastic antibiotic derived from various Penicillium fungal species. Mycophenolic acid is an active metabolite of the prodrug mycophenolate mofetil. Mycophenolic acid inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), preventing the formation of guanosine monophosphate and synthesis of lymphocyte DNA that results in inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, antibody production, cellular adhesion, and migration of T and B lymphocytes. Mycophenolic acid also has antibacterial, anti… |
MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC |
A lipid nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against the oncogene c-Myc encapsulated in lipids with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of MYC-targeting siRNA DCR-MYC, the lipid formulation promotes the uptake by tumor cells where the siRNAs moieties are subsequently released. The siRNAs bind to c-Myc mRNAs, which may result in the inhibition of translation and expression of the c-Myc protein and leads to growth i… |
Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1 Inhibitor PRT1419 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1; induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein; myeloid cell leukemia-1; Mcl-1; Bcl2-L-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the MCL1 inhibitor PRT1419 targets and binds to MCL1. This prevents the binding of MCL1 to and inactivation of certain pro-apoptotic proteins. This promotes apoptosis of cells overexpressing MCL1. MCL1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging … |
Myeloma Ig Id-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of myeloma-specific immunoglobulin conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), an immune stimulant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with myeloma Ig Id-KLH conjugate vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against myeloma cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl) Urea |
An orally available isoxazole urea with potential anti-tumor activity. In preclinical trials, N-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazolyl)-N-(4-(4-pyridinyl)oxyphenyl)urea inhibited raf kinase, an enzyme capable of reversing the phenotype of ras-transformed cells and blocking tumor growth. (NCI) |
N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin |
The N-alkylated analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunomycin. N,N-Dibenzyl Daunomycin interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and promoting DNA fragmentation. This agent is less cardiotoxic than daunomycin. (NCI04) |
NA17.A2 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted peptide derived from a metastatic melanoma cell line of patient NA17, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. NA17.A2 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. This NA17 specific antigen, encoded by an intron sequence of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) gene, is express… |
NA-17/MAGE-3.A2/NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide cancer vaccine consisting of peptides derived from the melanoma antigen NA-17, the human leukocyte antigen HLA-A2-restricted human melanoma antigen 3 (MAGE-3.A2) and the cancer-testis antigen (NY-ESO-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the NA-17/MAGE-3.A2/NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing NA-17, MAGE-3.A2 and NY-ESO-1, resulting in tum… |
NA17-A Antigen |
A specific melanoma antigen protein derived from a patient (NA17) with cutaneous melanoma metastases. When administered in a vaccine formulation, NA17-A antigen may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumors that express this antigen, which may result in a reduction in tumor size. The NA17-A antigen is part of the enzyme N-acetyl glucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V). Approximately half of melanomas have been found to express significant levels of this atypical protein, whic… |
Nab-paclitaxel |
A Cremophor EL-free, albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation of the natural taxane paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization and so inhibiting cellular motility, mitosis, and replication. This formulation solubilizes paclitaxel without the use of the solvent Cremophor, thereby permitting the administration of larger doses of paclitaxel while avoiding the toxic effects associated with Cremophor. |
Nab-paclitaxel/Danburstotug Complex AP160 |
A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized nanoparticle containing the natural taxane paclitaxel, complexed with danburstotug, a human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of nab-paclitaxel/danburstotug complex AP160, the danburstotug moiety specifically binds to PD-L… |
Nab-paclitaxel/Rituximab-coated Nanoparticle AR160 |
A formulation composed of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab) paclitaxel, which is an albumin-stabilized nanoparticle containing the natural taxane paclitaxel, non-covalently coated with rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen found on B-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of nab-paclitaxel/rituximab nanoparticle AR160, the rituximab moiety specifically binds to CD20 and targets this formulation to CD20-positi… |
Nadofaragene Firadenovec |
A replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus encoding human interferon alpha-2b with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, nadofaragene firadenovec infects nearby tumor cells and expresses INF alpha-2b intracellularly which activates the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor, and immune-modulating effects. |
Nadravaleucel |
A preparation of allogeneic, nicotinamide (NAM)-expanded natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nadravaleucel may lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. Ex-vivo treatment with the vitamin B3 derivative NAM increases the in-vivo homing, retention and proliferation potential of the NK cells. |
Nagrestipen |
A recombinant form of a human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP1-alpha) with a substitution of aspartate to alanine at position 26, with potential immunomodulating and radiotherapy potentiating activity. Intravenous administration of nagrestipen after local tumor irradiation enhances the anti-tumor effect of ionizing radiation at the irradiated site as well as the antitumor effect at non-irradiated tumor sites (known as the abscopal effect). The abscopal effect appears to be attrib… |
Namirotene |
A synthetic analogue of retinoic acid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, namirotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. |
Namodenoson |
An orally bioavailable, synthetic, highly selective adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) agonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Namodenoson selectively binds to and activates the cell surface-expressed A3AR, deregulating Wnt and NF-kB signal transduction pathways downstream, which may result in apoptosis of A3AR-expressing tumor cells. A3AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of various solid tumor cell types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells… |
NAMPT Inhibitor OT-82 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NAMPT inhibitor OT-82 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation; this results in cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing cancer cells. NAMPT,… |
NAMPT Inhibitor STF-118804 |
A small molecule inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NAMPT inhibitor STF-118804 binds to and inhibits the activity of NAMPT. This depletes cellular NAD and inhibits NAD-dependent enzymes, both of which are needed for rapid cell proliferation, which may result in cell death in NAMPT-overexpressing tumor cells. NAMPT, an enzyme that is … |
Nanafrocin |
A quinone antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis with activity against gram-positive bacteria, mycoplasmas and fungi. Within an organism, nanaomycin A is first reduced by flavin or NADH dehydrogenase then rapidly autooxidized leading to the production of singlet molecular oxygen (O2-). The increase in intracellular O2- results in inhibition of DNA, RNA and cell-wall peptidoglycan synthesis. Further, nanaomycin A may have antineoplastic properties resulting from a reduction … |
Nanatinostat |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Nanatinostat targets and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; these events result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may upregulate HSP70 and downregulate a… |
Nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA Mimic |
A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a microRNA 16 (miR-16) mimic, a double-stranded, 23 base pair, synthetic RNA molecule, encapsulated in nonliving bacterial minicells and coated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration and subsequent transfection, nanocell-encapsulated miR-16-based microRNA mimic targets EGFR-expressing tumor cells and facilitates the restoration of expression of the miR-16… |
Nanocurcumin |
An orally bioavailable nanoparticle-based formulation containing curcumin, a poorly water-soluble phytopolylphenol pigment isolated from the plant Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, with a variety of pharmacologic properties, including antineoplastic, chemopreventive, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, nanocurcumin blocks the formation of reactive-oxygen species (ROS), neutralizes free radicals, and prevents oxidat… |
Nanoparticle Albumin-Bound Docetaxel |
A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of the taxane docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel is a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree Taxus baccata. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodu… |
Nanoparticle Albumin-bound Thiocolchicine Dimer nab-5404 |
A nanoparticle albumin-bound formulation of a thiocolchicine dimer, an inhibitor of both microtubule and topoisomerase I (TOP1), with antineoplastic and vascular disrupting activities. Upon administration of nanoparticle albumin-bound thiocolchicine dimer nab-5404, this agent binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which blocks mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest and tumor endothelial cell apoptosis. This disrupts the tumor vasculature and leads to tumor necrosi… |
Nanoparticle Formulation CPI-300 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) complex containing two as of yet undisclosed anti-tumor agents, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, nanoparticle formulation CPI-300 delivers the anti-tumor agents to tumor cells, which may lead, through as of yet undisclosed mechanism of actions (MoAs), to specific tumor cell killing and inhibition of proliferation of tumor cells. |
Nanoparticle Paclitaxel Ointment SOR007 |
A topical ointment composed of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel that has been processed to form uncoated nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration of nanoparticle paclitaxel ointment SOR007 to the affected area, and following epithelial and dermal penetration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. T… |
Nanoparticle-based Paclitaxel Suspension |
A nanoparticle-based suspension containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division. The nanoparticle-based formulation is devoid of toxic solvents, such as cremophor; therefore, this agent has fewer side effects than the standard, solvent-based paclitaxel formulation. |
Nanoparticle-encapsulated Doxorubicin Hydrochloride |
A formulation of nanoparticles encapsulating the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with the activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. This agent also interacts with cell membrane lipids causing lipid peroxidation. Delivery of doxorubicin in nanoparticles may impr… |
Nanoparticles Encapsulating TLR7 Agonist 1v270 MBS8 |
A micelle nanoparticle formulation composed of the Toll-Like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist phospholipid conjugate 1v270 encapsulated within 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-2000, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intravenous administration of the nanoparticles encapsulating TLR7 agonist 1v270 MBS8, the TLR7 agonist targets, binds to and activates TLR7, thereby stimulating dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils, and enhancing natural kille… |
Nanoplexed Poly I:C BO-112 |
A synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) nanoplexed with the cationic carrier polyethylenimine (PEI), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, nanoplexed poly I:C BO-112, which mimics viral RNAs, may stimulate the release of cytotoxic cytokines and induces interferon-gamma production. This may increase the tumoricidal activities of various immunohematopoietic cells. The PEI carrier enhances the … |
Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles CPI-100 |
A preparation of self-assembled core-shell nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP) nanoparticles containing an as of yet undisclosed payload with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, NCP nanoparticle formulation CPI-100 delivers its payload to tumor cells, which may lead to enhanced immune-mediated killing and regression of tumor cells. |
Nanosomal Docetaxel Lipid Suspension |
A lipid-based nanosomal formulation of the poorly soluble, semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous injection, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, which inhibits microtubule disassembly and results in both cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This liposomal formulation solubilizes docetaxel without the use of toxic solvents, such as polysorbate 80. This permits the administration of larger doses of docet… |
Nanrilkefusp Alfa |
A human fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 and the high-affinity binding sushi+ domain of IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nanrilkefusp alfa activates and increases the levels of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-cells. The memory T-cells enhance the secretion of the cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-g), which further potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. This may increase tumor cell… |
Napabucasin |
An orally available cancer cell stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Even though the exact target has yet to be fully elucidated, napabucasin appears to target and inhibit multiple pathways involved in cancer cell stemness. This may ultimately inhibit cancer stemness cell (CSC) growth as well as heterogeneous cancer cell growth. CSCs, self-replicating cells that are able to differentiate into heterogeneous cancer cells, appear to be responsible for the malignant growth, … |
Naphthalimide Analogue UNBS5162 |
An amonafide (naphthalimide) derivative and pan-antagonist of chemokine ligand (CXCL) expression, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Although UNBS5162 is a derivative of amonafide, this agent appears to have a different profile to that of amonafide and its exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated. This agent seems to decrease the expression of various proangiogenic CXCL chemokines in vitro and may have synergistic effects with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CXCLs are smal… |
Naporafenib |
An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, naporafenib binds to Raf proteins and inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway and are upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation an… |
Naptumomab Estafenatox |
A recombinant fusion protein consisting of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody directed towards the tumor-associated oncofetal trophoblast glycoprotein antigen 5T4 attached to a mutated form of superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEA/E-120), with immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The Fab moiety of naptumomab estafenatox binds to 5T4, an antigen expressed by various tumor cells. In turn, the superantigen binds to both major histocompatibility complex clas… |
Naquotinib |
An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ASP8273 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell … |
Naratuximab Emtansine |
An immunoconjugate that consists of a humanized IgG1 antibody K7153A against the cell-surface antigen CD37 and covalently linked via the uncleavable, maleimide-derived thioether-based linker SMCC to the maytansinoid DM1, with potential pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic activities. Upon administration of naratuximab emtansine, the antibody moiety of IMGN529 binds to CD37 on tumor B-cells and induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), … |
Narazaciclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 (AMPK-related protein kinase 5; ARK5), and the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,narazaciclib specifically binds to and inhibits ARK5, which interferes with the activation of ARK5-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress ARK5. In addition, ON 123300 inhibits CDK4 and 6 and prevents the pho… |
Narlumosbart |
A recombinant, human, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL), with potential antiosteoclast and bone-sparing activities. Upon administration, narlumosbart specifically binds to RANKL and blocks the interaction of RANKL with RANK, a receptor located on osteoclast cell surfaces. This may inhibit osteoclast activity, decrease bone resorption, increase bone mineral density, and may protect bones from tumor m… |
Narnatumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody against RON (recepteur d’origine nantais; macrophage stimulating 1 receptor), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-RON monoclonal antibody IMC-RON8 binds to RON, thereby preventing binding of its ligand hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (HGFL or macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP)). This may prevent RON receptor-mediated signaling and may prevent cellular proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing RON. RON, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexp… |
Nasaruplase Gamma |
A proenzyme and recombinant form of single-chain human urokinase plasminogen activator (scuPA), with potential intrapleural fibrinolytic and draining-promoting activities in certain lung conditions such as complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion (CPE) and empyema. After intrapleural administration, nasaruplase gamma is converted into uPA. uPA breaks down the fibrinous adhesions and promotes the draining of pleural fluid around the lungs in non-draining loculated pleural effusions (LPE). T… |
Nastorazepide Calcium |
A selective, orally available, 1,5-benzodiazepine-derivative gastrin/cholecystokinin 2 (CCK-2) receptor antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Z-360 binds to the gastrin/CCK-2 receptor, thereby preventing receptor activation by gastrin, a peptide hormone frequently associated with the proliferation of gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumor cells. |
Natalizumab |
A humanized recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha4 subunit of the integrins alpha4beta1and alpha4beta7 with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Natalizumab binds to the alpha4-subunit of alpha4beta1 and alpha4beta7 integrins expressed on the surface of all leukocytes except neutrophils, inhibiting the alpha4-mediated adhesion of leukocytes to counter-receptor(s) such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1); natalizumab… |
Natural IFN-alpha OPC-18 |
A proprietary preparation of natural human interferon alpha (IFN alpha) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Natural human interferon alpha OPC-18 binds to cell-surface IFN alpha receptors (IFNARs), resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, and immune-modulating effects. IFN alpha is a type I interferon produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells when exposed to live or inactivated… |
Natural Killer Cells ZRx101 |
A population of activated, immortalized, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent, cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells with potential antitumor activity. Natural killer cells ZRx101 are derived from NK-92 cells, having been modified to target tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) upregulated in certain types of cancer. The NK-92 cell line was originally isolated from a patient with large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia/lymphoma. |
Navarixin |
An orally available small molecule antagonist of the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1; interleukin-8 receptor alpha; IL8RA) and 2 (CXCR2; interleukin-8 receptor beta; IL8RB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navarixin binds to and inhibits the activation of CXCR 1 and 2. This inhibits CXCR1/2-mediated signaling, reduces both recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and neutrophils in the t… |
Navicixizumab |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both the Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) and the human tyrosine kinase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The anti-DLL4 moiety of navicixizumab specifically binds to DLL4, prevents its interaction with Notch receptors, and inhibits Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may both block tumor angiogenesis and inhibit tumor cell growth. The anti-VEGF moiety bin… |
Navitoclax |
An orally active, synthetic small molecule and an antagonist of a subset of the B-cell leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins with potential antineoplastic activity. Navitoclax selectively binds to apoptosis suppressor proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bcl-w, which are frequently overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers, including those of the lymph, breast, lung, prostate, and colon, and are linked to tumor drug resistance. Inhibition of these apoptosis suppressors prevents their binding to the a… |
Navoximod |
An orally available inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, navoximod targets and binds to IDO1, a cytosolic enzyme responsible for the oxidation of the essential amino acid tryptophan into kynurenine. By inhibiting IDO1 and decreasing kynurenine in tumor cells, this agent increases tryptophan levels, restores the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs),… |
Navtemadlin |
An orally available inhibitor of MDM2 (murine double minute 2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,navtemadlin binds to the MDM2 protein and prevents its binding to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2, a zinc finger protein and a negative regulator of the p53 pathway, is… |
Navy Bean Powder |
The powder form of the cooked navy bean with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Navy beans are rich in fiber, minerals, vitamins, and phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phytosterols. They appear to prevent carcinogenesis by inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Intake of navy bean powder may have a beneficial effect on intestinal microflora. |
Naxtarubicin |
A lipophilic, anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic.Naxtarubicin intercalates into DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. This agent appears to not be a substrate for the p-glycoprotein associated multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporter; therefore, overcoming the resistance pattern seen with other anthracycline compounds. |
Nazartinib |
An orally available, irreversible, third-generation, mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nazartinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of mutant forms of EGFR, including the T790M EGFR mutant, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cel… |
N-dihydrogalactochitosan |
A carbohyrate polymer in which galactose molecules are attached to the amino groups of the glucosamine polymer chitosan, with potential imunostimulating activity. After a tumor ablation and upon intratumoral injection directly into the location of the ablated tumor, N-dihydrogalactochitosan may trigger a tumor-specific systemic immune response when exposed to tumor-associated neoantigens that are liberated by tumor ablation. This may kill tumor cells. |
Nebratamig |
An anti-ROR1/anti-CD3/anti-PD-L1/anti-4-1BB tetra-specific antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nebratamig targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) expressed on tumor cells, the T-cell surface antigen CD3 and the costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137; tumor nec… |
Necitumumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Necitumumab binds to and blocks the ligand binding site of EGFR, thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may lead to an inhibition of EGFR-dependent downstream pathways and so inhibition of EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. EGFR, a member of the epidermal growth factor family of extracellu… |
Nectin-4-directed TLR8 Agonist SBT6290 |
An immunotherapeutic composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface adhesion molecule and tumor-associated antigen (TAA) nectin-4 (PVRL4) conjugated to a Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8; CD288) agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the nectin-4-directed TLR8 agonist SBT6290, the anti-nectin-4 monoclonal antibody targets and binds to nectin-4 expressed on tumor cells, thereby localizing the TLR8 agonist directly to the t… |
Necuparanib |
A low molecular weight heparin derivative and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mimetic with no or minimal anticoagulant activity and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, necuparanib mimics HSPGs by binding to and inhibiting various heparin-binding growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines such as VEGF, HGF, FGF2, SDF-1a, heparanase and P-selectin all of which are essential for tumor angiogenesis and metastasis to occur. This inhibits heparin binding growth factor-media… |
Nedaplatin |
A second-generation cisplatin analogue with antineoplastic activity. Containing a novel ring structure in which glycolate is bound to the platinum by a bidentate ligand, nedaplatin forms reactive platinum complexes that bind to nucelophillic groups in DNA, resulting in intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, apoptosis and cell death. This agent appears to be less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic compared to both cisplatin and carboplatin. |
NEDD8 Activating Enzyme E1 Inhibitor TAS4464 |
An inhibitor of NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8) activating enzyme E1 (NAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TAS4464 selectively binds to and inhibits NAE, which prevents NAE/NEDD8-mediated signaling and prevents the NEDD8 conjugation of cullin-RING ligase complexes (CRLs). This inactivates the CRLs leading to an accumulation of CRL substrate proteins, such as CDT1, p27, p21 and phosphorylated IkappaB, and inactivates nucle… |
Nedometinib |
A topical gel formulation composed of an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPKK; MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, nedometinib penetrates into the dermis of the skin where it specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the catalytic activity of MEK, thereby inhibiting the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which … |
Nefextinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nefextinib binds to and inhibits both FGFR and FLT3, including FLT3 mutant forms, which results in the inhibition of FGFR/FLT3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR/FLT3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is upregulat… |
Negalstobart |
A monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, negalstobart targets and binds to LAG-3 expressed by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the n… |
Nelarabine |
An arabinonucleoside antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Nelarabine is demethoxylated by adenosine deaminase to become biologically active 9-beta-D-arabinosylguanine (ara-G); ara-G incorporates into DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing an S phase-dependent apoptosis of tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Neldaleucel |
A preparation of autologous, ex vivo-expanded, CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes specific for six tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of neldaleucel, the T-cells target, bind to and induce selective toxicity in cancer cells overexpressing one or more of these six TAAs. By targeting more than one antigen, neldaleucel may be able to induce a better and more durable anti-tumor response due to its ability to overco… |
Nelipepimut-S |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; ErbB2) nonapeptide derived from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cells. HER2/neu, a tumor-associated antigen and a member of the epidermal growth factor r… |
Nelipepimut-S Plus GM-CSF Vaccine |
A cancer peptide vaccine comprised of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2/A3 restricted HER2/neu (ERBB2) peptide from the extracellular domain of the HER2 protein (E75 peptide) and combined with the immunoadjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal injection, nelipepimut-S plus GM-CSF vaccine may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against HER2/neu-expressing tumor cell typ… |
Nelistotug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor CD96 (Tactile; T cell activation increased late expression), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nelistotug targets, binds to and inhibits CD96 expressed primarily on T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby preventing its downstream signaling pathways. This may abrogate CD96-mediated inhibition of T-cell and NK cell effector functi… |
Nelmastobart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint protein butyrophilin 1A1 (BTN1A1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nelmastobart targets and binds to the extracellular domain of human BTN1A1, which prevents the formation of the BTN1A1-galectin-9 (Gal9)-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) complex, and inhibits downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells… |
Nemorubicin |
A morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines. |
Nemorubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of nemorubicin, a morpholinyl analogue of the anthracycline doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Nemorubicin is metabolized via the P450 CYP3A enzyme to a highly cytotoxic derivative. Unlike most anthracyclines, nemorubicin is a topoisomerase I inhibitor and appears to exert its effect through the nucleotide excision repair (NER) system. In addition, this agent does not show cross-resistance with other anthracyclines. |
Nemtabrutinib |
An orally available reversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nemtabrutinib non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both the wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK… |
Nemvaleukin Alfa |
A selective effector cell activator protein and agonist of the intermediate-affinity interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nemvaleukin alfa binds to and signals through the intermediate-affinity IL-2 receptor complex; this may selectively stimulate and activate natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8 T-cells, leading to tumor cell elimination, while circumventing the activation of immunosuppressive cells that may prev… |
Nendratareotide Uzatansine |
A miniaturized drug conjugate composed of a peptide analog of somatostatin that targets the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) and is conjugated, through a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-binding cytotoxic maytansinoid DM1 (mertansine), with potential anti-tumor activity. Upon administration, the peptide ligand moiety of nendratareotide uzatansine targets and binds to SSTR2, which is overexpressed on certain tumor cell types. Binding stimulates SSTR2-mediated endocytosis of the agent; upon … |
Neoantigen DNA-Based Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine |
A personalized, polyepitope DNA vaccine composed of a DNA plasmid encoding multiple, highly immunogenic tumor associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically expressed by a patient’s pancreatic cancer cells, including personalized epitopes of the TAA mesothelin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration and electroporation of the neoantigen DNA-based pancreatic cancer vaccine, the expressed TAAs induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte … |
Neoantigen Heat Shock Protein Vaccine rHSC-DIPGVax |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of sixteen heat shock protein (Hsp) neo-epitopes that are found in the majority of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) and diffuse midline glioma (DMG) tumors, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen Hsp vaccine rHSC-DIPGVax, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the Hsp … |
Neoantigen mRNA Personalized Cancer Vaccine SW1115C3 |
A personalized cancer vaccine (PCV) consisting of mRNA encoding a patient’s tumor-specific neoantigens, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. The cells from the patient’s tumor are analyzed, and genetic sequencing is used to identify neoantigens that may elicit the strongest immune response in the patient. The sequences encoding these neoantigens are transcribed and loaded onto a single mRNA molecule. Upon administration of neoantigen mRNA PCV SW1115C3, the mRNA is ta… |
Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific antigens, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the neoantigen peptide vaccine, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. |
Neoantigen srRNA Vaccine JCXH-212 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of self-replicating RNA (srRNA) encoding a patient’s tumor-specific neoantigens, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of neoantigen srRNA vaccine JCXH-212, the srRNA is taken up by and translated into the neoantigens in the patient’s antigen-presenting cells (APCs), primarily dendritic cells (DCs), and presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of the APCs. This may activate tumor antig… |
Neoantigen Vaccine GEN-009 |
A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine GEN-009, and administration along with the immunoadjuvant poly-ICLC, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) respons… |
Neoantigen-based Glioblastoma Vaccine |
A peptide-based, personalized glioblastoma cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific glioblastoma derived immunogenic mutated epitopes (neoantigens), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based glioblastoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens derived from mu… |
Neoantigen-based Melanoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine |
A peptide-based melanoma cancer vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific melanoma immunogenic epitopes, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based melanoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. The adjuvant poly-ICLC, compo… |
Neoantigen-based Renal Cell Carcinoma-Poly-ICLC Vaccine |
A peptide-based renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vaccine consisting of neoantigens and peptides derived from immunogenic epitopes identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient’s tumor cells, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based RCC vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, leading to tumo… |
Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-C903 |
A cancer priming vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-C903, followed by the boosting vaccine GRT-R904, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoantigens expressed on tumor cells, which results in… |
Neoantigen-based Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine GRT-R904 |
A cancer boosting vaccine consisting of tumor-specific shared neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique across a subset of patients, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-based therapeutic cancer vaccine GRT-R904, which is administered after the initial administration of the priming vaccine GRT-C903, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the shared neoa… |
Neoantigen-encoding Personalized Virus-2 |
A personalized cancer vaccine comprised of a not yet disclosed oncolytic virus encoding tumor-specific neoantigens that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient’s tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the neoantigen-encoding personalized virus-2 (PSV-2) infects cells and expresses the tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs). This stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against… |
Neoantigen-HSP70 Peptide Cancer Vaccine AGEN2017 |
A proprietary, personalized autologous synthetic cancer vaccine composed of patient-specific synthetic cancer neo-epitopes complexed with heat shock protein 70 (HSP 70; HSP70), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the neoantigen-HSP70 peptide cancer vaccine AGEN2017, the HSPs present the neoantigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs) and help elicit a potent neoantigen-specific T-cell-based anti-tumor immune response, thereby killing the neoan… |
Neoantigen-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A personalized, peptide-based therapeutic dendritic cell (DC) vaccine consisting of autologous DCs loaded with immunogenic peptides derived from autologous cancer cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, mature DCs are loaded with immunogenic neoantigens. Vaccination with the neoantigen-loaded autologous DC vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, … |
Neratinib |
An orally available, 6,7-disubstituted-4-anilinoquinoline-3-carbonitrile irreversible inhibitor of the HER-2 receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Neratinib binds to the HER-2 receptor irreversibly, thereby reducing autophosphorylation in cells, apparently by targeting a cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pocket of the receptor. Treatment of cells with this agent results in inhibition of downstream signal transduction events and cell cycle regulatory pathways; arre… |
Neratinib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of neratinib, an orally available, quinazoline-based, irreversible inhibitor of both the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, neratinib targets and covalently binds to the cysteine residue in the ATP-binding pockets of both HER2 and EGFR. This inhibits their activity and results in the inhibition of downstream … |
Nesuparib |
An orally bioavailable second-generation inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) type 1 (PARP1) and 2 (PARP2) and tankyrase (TNK; TNKS; TANK) 1 and 2, with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, nesuparib selectively and simultaneously targets and binds to PARP1/2 and TNK1/2. Inhibiting PARP activity prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances th… |
Nesvacumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Nesvacumab binds to ANG2 and interferes with the interaction between Ang2 and its receptor TEK tyrosine kinase (Tie2), which may inhibit tumor cell angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. ANG2 is upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays a crucial role in angiogenesis. |
Neural Stem Cells-expressing CRAd-S-pk7 |
Neural stem cells (NSCs) that are transfected with the gliomatropic oncolytic adenovirus (OV) CRAd-S-pk7, a conditionally replicative oncolytic adenoviral (CRAd) vector that contains the tumor-specific survivin promoter (S) and a fiber protein polylysine modification (pk7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intracerebral administration of NSC loaded with CRAd-S-pk7, the NSCs preferentially migrate towards tumor cells, and the polylysine moiety of the modified fiber protein expresse… |
Nezastomig |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the co-stimulatory T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of nezastomig this bispecific antibody binds to both CD28 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in t… |
Nezutatug |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ERBB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nezutatug targets and binds to HER3 and inhibits its activation. This may prevent HER3-mediated signaling and inhibit HER3-dependent tumor cell proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpres… |
NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 Mutant-targeting Agent MGY825 |
An antineoplastic agent targeting mutant forms of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 protein (NFE2L2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), and Cullin-3 (CUL3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutant-targeting agent MGY825 inhibits the activity of NFE2L2, KEAP1 and CUL3 mutant forms, thereby halting the proliferation of NFE2L2, KEAP1, and CUL3 mutant-expressing tumor cells. NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 are mutated in certain tumor cell types. |
NG-nitro-L-arginine |
An amino acid derivative and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon administration, NG-nitro-L-arginine inhibits the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, thereby preventing the formation of nitric oxide (NO). By preventing NO generation, the vasodilatory effects of NO are abrogated leading to vasoconstriction, reduction in vascular permeability and an inhibition of angiogenesis. As blood flow to tumors is restricted, this may result in… |
Niacinamide |
The active form of vitamin B3 and a component of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Niacinamide acts as a chemo- and radio-sensitizing agent by enhancing tumor blood flow, thereby reducing tumor hypoxia. This agent also inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, enzymes involved in the rejoining of DNA strand breaks induced by radiation or chemotherapy. |
Niclosamide |
An orally bioavailable chlorinated salicylanilide, with anthelmintic and potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, niclosamide specifically induces degradation of the androgen receptor (AR) variant V7 (AR-V7) through the proteasome-mediated pathway. This downregulates the expression of the AR variant, inhibits AR-V7-mediated transcriptional activity, and reduces AR-V7 recruitment to the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene promoter. Niclosamide also prevents AR-V7-mediated … |
Nicotinamide Riboside |
An orally available form of vitamin B3 and precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) with potential use in the treatment of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Upon oral administration, nicotinamide riboside (NR) is converted to nicotinamide mononucleotide by the NR kinases, nicotinamide riboside kinase 1 (NRK 1) and nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (NRK 2), to which a second adenine is transferred by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase to generate NAD+. … |
Nidanilimab |
A low fucose, fully humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody (hmAb) against the interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein (interleukin-1 receptor associated protein; IL1RAP), with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, nidanilimab targets and binds to IL1RAP, thereby preventing IL1RAP-mediated signaling, and disrupting IL-1 and IL-33 mediated nuclear factor kappa beta (NFkB) activation. This prevents the secre… |
Nifurtimox |
A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and potential antineoplastic activities. Nifurtimox is reduced by cytosol enzymes or flavin-containing microsomal enzymes to a highly reactive nitro anion free radical; autooxidation of the nitro anion free radical generates cytotoxic superoxide anion (02-). In addition, nifurtimox-derived nitro anion free radicals may alkylate macromolecules such as nucleic acids and proteins, resulting in the disruption of their structure and function. |
Nilotinib |
An orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases platelet-… |
Nilotinib Hydrochloride Anhydrous |
The hydrochloride salt of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl protein of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. This agent also inhibits th… |
Nilotinib Hydrochloride Monohydrate |
The monohydrate monohydrochloride form of nilotinib, an orally bioavailable aminopyrimidine-derivative Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome imatinib resistance resulting from Bcr-Abl kinase mutations, upon administration, nilotinib binds to and stabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain of the Abl portion of the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, resulting in the inhibition of the constitutive kinase activity of Bcr-Abl protein. This inhibit… |
Nilutamide |
A synthetic, nonsteroidal agent with antiandrogenic properties. Nilutamide preferentially binds to androgen receptors and blocks androgen receptor activation by testosterone and other androgens; this agent may inhibit androgen-dependent growth of normal and neoplastic prostate cells. (NCI04) |
Nimesulide-Hyaluronic Acid Conjugate CA102N |
A covalently bound conjugate composed of the biological polymer sodium hyaluronate (NaHA) and the hydrophobic, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor and cytotoxic agent nimesulide (Nim), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of Nim-HA conjugate CA102N, the HA moiety targets and binds to CD44. Following endocytosis of CA102N and enzymatic degradation within the lysosomal compartment, Nim is released inside CD44-expressing tumor cells, causing Nim-mediated inducti… |
Nimodipine |
A dihydropyridine derivative and an analogue of the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, with antihypertensive activity. Nimodipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions in response to depolarization in smooth muscle cells, thereby inhibiting vascular smooth muscle contraction and inducing vasodilatation. Nimodipine has a greater effect on cerebral arteries than on peripheral smooth muscle cells and myocardial cells, probably because this agent can cross the blood brain barrier due… |
Nimotuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Nimotuzumab binds to and inhibits EGFR, resulting in growth inhibition of tumor cells that overexpress EGFR. This agent may act synergistically with radiation therapy. |
Nimustine |
A nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. (NCI05) |
Nimustine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of nimustine, a nitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Nimustine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, thereby causing DNA fragmentation, inhibition of protein synthesis, and cell death. |
Ningetinib Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of ningetinib, an orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases c-MET/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2 KDR), Axl (UFO), Mer, and Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ningetinib binds to a variety of kinases, including c-Met, VEGFR2, Axl, Mer and Flt3, thereby inhibiting their signaling pathways. This inhibits growth, angiogenes… |
Nintedanib |
An orally bioavailable, indolinone-derived inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (nRTKs), with potential antiangiogenic, antifibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nintedanib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) tyrosine kinases, whic… |
Niraparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and is activated by singl… |
Niraparib Tosylate Monohydrate |
An orally bioavailable, hydrated, tosylate salt form of niraparib, an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) types 1 and 2 (PARP-1 and -2), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, niraparib binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP-1 and -2, thereby inhibiting PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair, enhancing the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promoting genomic instability and resulting in apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylatio… |
Nirogacestat |
A selective gamma secretase (GS) inhibitor with antitumor activity. Upon administration, nirogacestat targets and binds to GS, thereby blocking the proteolytic activation of Notch receptors. This inhibits the Notch signaling pathway and results in the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane d… |
Nisevokitug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nisevokitug targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a number of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and tumor progression. |
Nitric Oxide-Releasing Acetylsalicylic Acid Derivative |
A nitric oxide (NO) donating derivative of acetylsalicylic acid with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antithrombotic, gastroprotective and potential antitumor activities. The acetylsalicylic acid derivative moiety of this agent inhibits the activities of cyclooxygenase (COX) I and II, preventing the formation of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. A reduction in prostaglandin synthesis accounts for this agent’s anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities; a reduction in th… |
Nitrogen Mustard Prodrug PR-104 |
A non-toxic, small-molecule, hypoxia-activated, 3,5-dinitrobenzamide nitrogen mustard pre-prodrug with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, PR-104 is converted by systemic phosphatases to the alcohol intermediate PR-104A, which is reduced to form the active DNA-crosslinking mustard species hydroxylamine PR-104H intracellularly under hypoxic conditions. PR-104H specifically crosslinks hypoxic tumor cell DNA, resulting in the inhibition of DNA repair and synthesis, cel… |
Nitroglycerin Transdermal Patch |
A sustained release transdermal patch containing the organic nitrate nitroglycerin, with vasodilator and potential immunomodulating activities. Upon application to the skin, nitroglycerin is continuously released from the patch and absorbed. In turn, nitroglycerin is converted into nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylyl cyclase, increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate concentration thus resulting in smooth muscle relaxation. In addition, activation of NO-mediated signaling pathways may… |
Nitroxoline |
An orally bioavailable quinoline antibiotic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nitroxoline may induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in NF1-null Schwann cells in neurofibromatosis type I through as of yet undisclosed mechanism of actions, other than inhibiting the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and possibly through modulating mitochondrial function. NF1 encodes neurofibromin which inactivates Ras. Loss of neurofibromin in n… |
Nivatrotamab |
A bispecific antibody comprised of a humanized anti-CD3 OKT3 (huOKT3) single chain variable fragment (scFv), linked to the carboxyl end of a humanized anti-GD2 3F8 (hu3F8) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) light chain, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, nivatrotamab binds to CD3 on T-cells and disialoganglioside GD2 expressed on certain tumor cells, thereby cross-linking T-cells with GD2-expressing tumor cells. This promotes a selective cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL… |
Nivolumab |
A fully human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1) with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nivolumab binds to and blocks the activation of PD-1, an immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) transmembrane protein, by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is overexpressed on certain cancer cells, and programmed cell death lig… |
Nivolumab/Relatlimab-rmbw |
An injectable fixed-dose combination formulation composed of nivolumab, a human immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1), and relatlimab-rmbw, a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitor receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of nivolumab and relatlimab-rmbw, ni… |
NK Cell-enriched Donor Lymphocytes |
A preparation of donor-derived lymphocytes that are enriched for donor-derived natural killer (NK) cells, with direct tumor cytotoxic activity. Following allogeneic stem cell transplantation and subsequent infusion of the NK cell-enriched donor lymphocytes, these cells recognize and bind to tumor cells, upon which they secrete and release perforins, granzymes, and cytokines, which results in cancer cell lysis. Infusion of donor lymphocytes is limited by the risk of graft-versus-host disease (… |
NK Cell-priming Inert Tumor Cells |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) preparation of replication-incompetent tumor cells derived from a human tumor cell line (INB16 cells) that are able to prime and activate endogenous natural killer (NK) cells in vivo, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, NK cell-priming inert tumor cells, which express multiple, essential priming signals, bind to the patient’s own resting NK cells, thereby priming and activating these NK cells. The tumor-primed … |
NKp46/CD16-based CD123-targeted NK Cell Engager SAR443579 |
An engineered tri-specific natural killer (NK) cell engager (NKCE) containing specific antibodies targeting the tumor-associated antigen cluster of differentiation 123 (CD123), and the NK activating receptors natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor (NKp46; activating natural killer receptor p46) and CD16, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of NKp46/CD16-based CD123-targeted NK cell engager SAR443579, the NKCE targets and binds to CD123 express… |
NLRP3 Agonist BMS-986299 |
A nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD Containing Protein 3; NALP3) agonist with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NLRP3 agonist BMS-986299 binds to and activates NLRP3, potentially promoting NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), which may induce tumoricidal activity of natural killer (NK) cells against tumor cells. NLRP3, a sensor component of t… |
NLRP3 Inhibitor DFV890 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the innate immune signaling sensor nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3; NACHT, LRR and PYD containing protein 3; NALP3), with potential immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, NLRP3 inhibitor DFV890 specifically binds to and inhibits NLRP3, the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and prevents the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This … |
N-Methylformamide |
A water-soluble organic solvent. As an adjuvant antineoplastic agent, N-methylformamide depletes cellular glutathione, a key molecule involved in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals, thereby enhancing ionizing radiation-induced DNA cross-linking in and terminal differentiation of tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Nocodazole |
A synthetic tubulin-binding agent with antineoplastic activity. Nocodazole binds to beta-tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. This prevents mitosis and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Although nocodazole binding site overlaps with that of colchicine, the two agents are structurally quite different. |
Nofazinlimab |
A humanized, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nofazinlimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a t… |
Nogalamycin |
An anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces nogalater. Nogalamycin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase I, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Nogapendekin Alfa |
A mutated form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nogapendekin alfa binds to the IL-15 receptor on natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T lymphocytes, which activates and increases the levels of NK cells and memory T-cells. This may increase tumor cell killing and decrease tumor cell proliferation. IL-15 regulates CD8+ T and NK cell development, activation and proliferation. |
Nogapendekin Alfa Inbakicept |
A fusion protein soluble complex and interleukin-15 (IL-15) receptor agonist composed of nogapendekin alfa, a mutated form of the cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 (IL-15N72D) and inbakicept, a fusion protein containing a dimeric IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ra) sushi domain fused to human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc (IL15Ra-Fc; IL-15RaSu-IgG1 Fc), with potential antineoplastic activity. Each fully assembled nogapendekin alfa inbakicept complex consists of a single inbakicept and two nogapendekin al… |
Nolatrexed Dihydrochloride |
The dihydrochloride salt of nolatrexed, a water-soluble lipophilic quinazoline folate analog with antineoplastic activity. Nolatrexed occupies the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of thymidylate synthase activity and thymine nucleotide synthesis with subsequent inhibition of DNA replication, DNA damage, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. This agent also exhibits radiosensitizing activity. |
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer mRNA-Derived Vaccine CV9201 |
A non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) vaccine containing modified mRNAs encoding cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, melanoma-associated antigens C1 (MAGE-C1/CT7) and C2 (MAGE-C2/CT10), survivin, and the oncofetal antigen 5T4 with potential antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, non-small cell lung cancer mRNA-derived vaccine CV9201 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic, antigen-specific T lymphocyte response (CTL) against NSCLC cells. The modif… |
Noraramtide |
A synthetic, small, bispecific antibody-redirecting/recruiting molecule (ARM) that recognizes the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and cell surface glycoprotein CD38 on tumor cells with its target binding terminus (TBT) and, through connection by a tunable linker domain, recognizes endogenous antibodies already present in the patient’s blood with its universal antibody binding terminus (uABT), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, noraramtide simult… |
Norcantharidin Lipid Microspheres |
A formulation composed of lipid microspheres encapsulating the demethylated derivative of cantharidin and poorly water soluble norcantharidin (NCTD), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the NCTD lipid microspheres, NCTD modulates the expression and activity of numerous proteins and signaling pathways involved in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, promotes tumor cell d… |
Norgestrel |
A synthetic progestin commonly used alone or in combination with an estrogen for contraception. Norgestrel suppresses the secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH), thickens cervical mucus, and slows the transit of ova through the fallopian tubes. This agent also exhibits antiproliferative activity in endometrial tissue and may exhibit chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities in endometrial carcinoma. (NCI04) |
North American Ginseng Extract AFX-2 |
An orally available proprietary aqueous extract from the North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) dried root, primarily containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, North American ginseng extract AFX-2 may stimulate the proliferation and activation of B-lymphocytes and stimulates IgG production by B cells. Also, this agent induces maturation of dendritic cells, induces T cell proliferation and activates peritoneal exudate… |
Nortopixantrone |
A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole-based antineoplastic antibiotic. Nortopixantrone intercalates into DNA, induces single- and double-stranded DNA breaks and inhibits topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Nortopixantrone is less cardiotoxicity than anthracyclines. |
NOS Enhancer BZ371A |
A synthetic peptide and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enhancer, with potential vasodilating and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon topical application, NOS enhancer BZ371A induces local expression of NOS, thereby increasing endogenous NO production and NO level. This may result in vasodilation and penile erection when BZ371A is topically applied to the genital area. BZ371A may also be topically applied to other areas such as the eye and the skin for the treatment of glaucoma and various skin co… |
Noscapine |
A phthalide isoquinoline non-narcotic alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine exerts its antitussive effects through the activation of sigma opioid receptors. This agent appears to exert its antimitotic effect by binding to tubulin, resulting in a disruption of microtubule assembly dynamics and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death. |
Noscapine Hydrochloride |
The orally available hydrochloride salt of the opioid agonist noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum, with mild analgesic, antitussive, and potential antineoplastic activities. Noscapine binds to tubulin and alters its conformation, resulting in a disruption of the dynamics of microtubule assembly (by increasing the time that microtubules spend idle in a paused state) and subsequently, the inhibition of mitosis and tumor cell death. Unlike … |
Notch Signaling Pathway Inhibitor MK0752 |
A synthetic small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. MK0752 inhibits the Notch signaling pathway, which may result in induction of growth arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells in which the Notch signaling pathway is overactivated. The Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in cell-fate determination, cell survival, and cell proliferation. |
NSCLC Antigen-Loaded Dendritic Cell-derived Exosomes |
Exosomes loaded with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-specific antigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Exosomes derived from autologous maturing dendritic cells (DCs) are pulsed with HLA-DP04-restricted MAGE-3, and HLA-A02-restricted peptides NY-ESO-1, MAGE-1, MAGE-3, and MART-1. Upon vaccination, these exosomes may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, restoration of NKG2D expression on NK cells, and antigen-specific T-cell respo… |
NSD2 Inhibitor KTX-1001 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2; MMSET; WHSC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, NSD2 inhibitor KTX-1001 selectively targets and binds to NSD2, and inhibits its catalytic activity and the mono- and di-methylation of histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36). This modulates the expression of genes involved in cellular processes including cellular proliferation, which m… |
Nucleolin Antagonist IPP-204106N |
A synthetic, multivalent, lysine-rich, pseudopeptide and nucleolin antagonist with potential anti-angiogenic, antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, IPP-204106N antagonizes nucleolin leading to a downregulation of cell-surface nucleolin; preventing the binding of certain growth promoting ligands to nucleolin may suppress tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, IPP-204106N is able to translocate to the nucleolus and bind to nucleolar nucleolin. This p… |
Nucleoside Analog DFP-10917 |
A deoxycytosine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DFP-10917 is phosphorylated to generate its nucleotide form that functions as a deoxycytosine mimic and is incorporated into DNA in tumor cells. This causes DNA strand breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity checkpoint, which results in G2/M phase-arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Nucleotide Analogue GS 9219 |
A prodrug of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogue 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)guanine (PMEG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Formulated to selectively accumulate in lymphocytes, nucleotide analogue GS 9219 is converted to its active metabolite, PMEG diphosphate (PMEGpp), via enzymatic hydrolysis, deamination, and phosphorylation; subsequently, PMEGpp is incorporated into nascent DNA chains by DNA polymerases, which may result in the termination of DNA synthesis, S-phase cell cy… |
Numidargistat |
An orally available inhibitor of arginase, a manganese-dependent enzyme that hydrolyzes the amino acid arginine to form ornithine and urea, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, numidargistat inhibits the breakdown of arginine by arginase, which is produced by myeloid cells, and restores arginine levels. This allows arginine to stimulate the synthesis of nitric oxide and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which induces the… |
Nurulimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nurulimab targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of… |
Nutraceutical TBL-12 |
An orally available nutritional supplement and proprietary formulation containing extracts from the sea cucumber, sea sponge, shark fin, sea urchin and the marine grass Sargassum, with potential antioxidant, antitumor, anti-angiogenic and immunomodulating activities. TBL-12 contains various amino acids, minerals, vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids. |
Nuvisertib |
An orally available, second-generation and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nuvisertib selectively binds to and prevents the activation of the PIM kinases. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIM. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases, ar… |
Nuvustotug |
An agonistic human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, nuvustotug selectively targets and binds to a unique epitope on OX40, and activates OX40 without competing with the endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4; TNFSF4). This may induce the p… |
NY-ESO-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen (NY-ESO-1), an antigen found in normal testis and various tumors. Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response to cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
NY-ESO-1 Peptides/Threitolceramide-6-loaded Nanoparticles PORT-3 |
An immunomodulating agent and nanovaccine composed of the invariant natural killer T cell (iNKT) agonist, dendritic cell (DC) transactivator, and an alpha-galactosylceramide (a-GalCer) analog threitolceramide-6 (ThrCer6, IMM60) and immunogenic peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) New York Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) encapsulated within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon… |
NY-ESO-1 Plasmid DNA Cancer Vaccine pPJV7611 |
A plasmid DNA encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1 plasmid DNA cancer vaccine pPJV7611 may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. NY-ESO-1 is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) found in normal testes and expressed on the surfaces of various… |
NY-ESO-1 Protein Vaccine Plus Montanide ISA-51 VG |
A cancer vaccine consisting of an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen (NY-ESO-1) and emulsified in the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA-51 VG, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous vaccination, the NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine emulsified in Montanide ISA-51 VG may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lys… |
NY-ESO-1 Protein/Microparticle MDP/Bacterial DNA-containing MIS416 Vaccine |
A combination preparation composed of a protein derived from the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cancer-testis antigen 1 (NY-ESO-1) and a microparticle combining two immune-modifying components derived from the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterial cell wall component that is rich in muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and bacteria-derived single-stranded DNA fragments, with potential immunomodulating, immunoadjuvant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of NY-ESO-1 protein/mic… |
NY-ESO-1 Reactive TCR Retroviral Vector Transduced Autologous PBL |
Human autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, the NY-ESO-1 reactive TCR-transduced autologous PBLs bind to NY-ESO-1-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) killing of NY-ESO-1-positive cancer cells. … |
NY-ESO-1(157-165) Peptide-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with a peptide derived from the tumor associated antigen human cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 (NY-ESO-1(157-165)), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the NY-ESO-1(157-165) peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount both an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and an antibody-mediated immune response against NY-ES… |
NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE Vaccine ID-G305 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a recombinant form of the tumor antigen NY-ESO-1 and glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA)-stable emulsion (GLA-SE), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular injection, the adjuvant portion of the NY-ESO-1/GLA-SE vaccine ID-G30 binds to toll-like receptor subtype 4 (TLR-4) expressed on dendritic cells (DCs), monocytes, macrophages and B cells. The activated DCs present the NY-ESO-1 antigen to Th1 CD4 T-lymphocytes. This leads… |
NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing HLA class I- and II-binding peptides derived from the NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 cancer/testis antigen with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 HLA class I/II peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that over-express NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1. Rarely expressed by normal cells, the NY-ESO-1/LAGE-1 cancer/testis antigen has been shown to be preferentially expressed on the surface of some cancer… |
NY-ESO-1/MAGE-A4/PRAME/Survivin/SSX2-specific Autologous Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) that are specifically reactive to five tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, melanoma-associated antigen 4 (MAGE-A4), preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), survivin and synovial sarcoma X breakpoint 2 (SSX2; cancer/testis antigen 5.2; CT5.2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are collected and exposed ex vivo to autologous dendritic … |
NY-ESO-1/MART-1 Peptide-pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with peptides derived from the tumor-associated antigens human cancer/testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells (MART-1/Melan-A), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the NY-ESO-1/MART-1-peptide pulsed DC vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount an anti-tumor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against NY-ESO-1/MART-1-expressing tumor cells, wh… |
NY-ESO-1/PRAME/MAGE-A3/WT-1 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of synthetic peptides derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), human melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) and the human Wilms tumor protein-1 (WT-1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, NY-ESO-1/PRAME/MAGE-A3/WT-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1, … |
NY-ESO-1b Peptide Vaccine |
A recombinant nonapeptide used as an antineoplastic vaccine. NY-ESO-1b peptide vaccine contains the amino acid sequence SLLMWITQC, derived from the cancer-testis tumor antigen (NY-ESO-1), which is expressed on tumor cells of many different types, including melanomas. Vaccination with this peptide vaccine may elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing cancers. |
NY-ESO-1-expressing Artificial Adjuvant Vector Cells ASP0739 |
A preparation of artificial adjuvant vector cells (aAVCs) composed of modified human cells engineered to express the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) and loaded with loaded with the cluster of differentiation 1d (CD1d) ligand alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer; a-GalCer), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the NY-ESO-1-expressing aAVCs ASP0739, the presentation of α-GalCer by CD1d mo… |
NY-ESO-1-specific CD4-positive T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous CD4+ T-lymphocytes sensitized to cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. CD4-positive T-lymphocytes are exposed to a NY-ESO-1 peptide ex vivo, expanded, and introduced into the patient. The NY-ESO-1-specific CD4-positive T-lymphocytes may stimulate the host immune system to produce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the NY-ESO-1 antigen, which results in tumor cell lysis. NY… |
NY-ESO-1-specific TCR Gene-transduced T Lymphocytes TBI-1301 |
Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Following leukapheresis, isolation of lymphocytes, expansion ex vivo, transduction, and introduction into the patient, the NY-ESO-1-specific TCR gene-transduced T lymphocytes TBI-1301 bind to NY-ESO-1 on tumor cells. This may result in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated elimination of NY-ESO-1-posi… |
NY-ESO-B |
A tumor-associated antigen belonging to the family of immunogenic testicular proteins that are aberrantly expressed in human cancers in a lineage-nonspecific fashion. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed NY-ESO-1 mRNA expression in a variable proportion of a wide array of human cancers, including melanoma, breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma; and restricted expression in normal tissues, with high-level mRNA expression found only in testis and ovar… |
O6-Benzylguanine |
A guanine analogue with antineoplastic activity. O6-benzylguanine binds the DNA repair enzyme O(6)-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), transferring the benzyl moiety to the active-site cysteine and resulting in inhibition of AGT-mediated DNA repair. Co-administration of this agent potentiates the effects of other chemotherapeutic agents that damage DNA. (NCI04) |
Obatoclax Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of obatoclax, a synthetic small-molecule inhibitor of the bcl-2 family of proteins with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Obatoclax binds to members of the Bcl-2 protein family, preventing the binding of these anti-apoptotic proteins to the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and so promoting the activation of the apoptotic pathway in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells. The Bcl-2 family of proteins (bcl-2, bcl-xl, bcl-w, and Mcl-1) are overexpressed in a wide var… |
Obecabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified and transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), CAT-41BBz CAR, targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, obecabtagene autoleucel target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor … |
Obinutuzumab |
A glycoengineered, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Obinutuzumab, a third generation type II anti-CD20 antibody, selectivity binds to the extracellular domain of the human CD20 antigen on malignant human B cells. The Fc region carbohydrates of the antibody, enriched in bisected non-fucosylated glycosylation variants, contribute to its higher binding affinity for human FcgammaRIII receptors compared to non-glycoengineered antibodies, resulting in enhan… |
Oblimersen Sodium |
The sodium salt of a phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide targeted to the initiation codon region of mRNA for the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2. Oblimersen inhibits Bcl-2 mRNA translation, which may result in decreased expression of the Bcl-2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may enhance the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. The anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein is an integral outer mitochondrial membrane protein (OMMP) that is overexpressed in some cancer cell types and is… |
Obrindatamab |
An Fc-bearing humanized bispecific dual-affinity re-targeting (DART) protein composed of Fv regions derived from monoclonal antibodies against the immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3 (B7-H3, CD276) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of obrindatamab, the anti-B7-H3 component targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3; at the same time, the anti-CD3 component binds to human CD3. This cross-links th… |
Obrixtamig |
A bispecific T-cell engager antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, obrixtamig binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to DLL3-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of DLL3… |
Ocaratuzumab |
An Fc-engineered monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ocaratuzumab specifically binds to CD20 antigen (B1), preventing mitogen-induced B-cell proliferation; inhibiting B-cell differentiation; and promoting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis of B cells expressing CD20. The Fc portion of this monoclonal antibody has been engineered to possess a higher binding affinity for variant Fc receptors on T helper cells, r… |
O-Chloroacetylcarbamoylfumagillol |
A synthetic analog of fumagillin, an antibiotic isolated from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus fresenius with antineoplastic activity. TNP-470 binds to and irreversibly inactivates methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP2), resulting in endothelial cell cycle arrest late in the G1 phase and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also induce the p53 pathway, thereby stimulating the production of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and inhibiting angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Ocifisertib |
A polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ocifisertib selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. PLK4 inhibition also prevents cell division and inhibits proliferation of PLK4-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a crucial role in the regulation of centriole duplication d… |
Ocifisertib Fumarate |
An orally available fumarate salt form of CFI-400945, a polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, polo-like kinase 4 inhibitor CFI-400945 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. PLK4 inhibition also prevents cell division and inhibits proliferation of PLK4-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety o… |
Ociperlimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, ociperlimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT… |
Ocrelizumab |
A Fc-modified, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell CD20 cell surface antigen, with immunosuppressive activity. Ocrelizumab binds to CD20 on the surfaces of B-cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B-cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that acts as a calcium ion channel, is found on over 90% of B-cells, B-cell lymphomas, and other lymphoid … |
Octreotide |
A synthetic long-acting cyclic octapeptide with pharmacologic properties mimicking those of the natural hormone somatostatin. Octreotide is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than somatostatin. Similar to somatostatin, this agent also suppresses the luteinizing hormone response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone, decreases splanchnic blood flow, and inhibits the release of serotonin, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), secretin, motilin, pancreatic polyp… |
Octreotide Depot Formulation CAM2029 |
A long-acting depot formulation of the synthetic octapeptide and somatostatin analog octreotide, with potential growth hormone (GH) secretion-inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of octreotide depot formulation CAM2029, octreotide binds to and activates somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), including subtypes 2 and 5, which leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) in the pituitary gland and results in decreased production of insulin… |
Octreotide Pamoate |
A synthetic long-acting octapeptide analogue of endogenous somatostatin. Octreotide pamoate binds to somatostatin receptors expressed by some neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells, thereby initiating somatostatin receptor-mediated apoptosis. Other possible antineoplastic activities of this agent include suppression of tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). (NCI04) |
Octreotide Sustained-release Formulation Debio 4126 |
A sustained-release (SR) formulation of the synthetic octapeptide and somatostatin analog octreotide, with potential growth hormone (GH) secretion-inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of octreotide SR formulation Debio 4126, octreotide binds to and activates somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), including subtypes 2 and 5, which leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) in the pituitary gland and results in decreased production of i… |
Odetiglucan |
An injectable formulation of the polysaccharide beta-1,3/1,6 glucan derived from the cell wall of a strain from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, odetiglucan binds to innate immune effector cells through complement receptor 3 (CR3) and Fc gamma receptor IIA (FcgammaIIA; CD32A), thereby activating innate immune cells and enabling direct killing of tumo… |
Odronextamab |
A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-CD20/CD3 monoclonal antibody REGN1979 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, odronextamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells, which cross-li… |
Ofatumumab |
A fully human, high-affinity IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the B cell CD20 cell surface antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Ofatumumab binds specifically to CD20 on the surfaces of B cells, triggering complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of B cells overexpressing CD20. The CD20 antigen, found on over 90% of B cells, B cell lymphomas, and other B cells of lymphoid tumors of B cell origin, is a non-glycosylated c… |
Ofranergene Obadenovec |
A non-replicating adenovirus 5 (Ad-5, El-deleted) encoding a human Fas-chimera (Fas-c) transgene under the control of a modified murine pre-proendothelin-1 (PPE-1) promoter, with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Upon the administration of ofranergene obadenovec, the modified murine PPE-1 promoter is specifically activated in PPE-1-expressing angiogenic endothelial cells residing in the tumor microvasculature. Subsequently, the Fas-c pro-apoptotic transgene, containing the human tumor necr… |
Oglufanide Disodium |
The disodium salt of a synthetic form of a naturally-occurring dipeptide consisting of L-glutamic acid and L-tryptophan with potential antiangiogenic and potential immunomodulating activities. Oglufanide inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which may inhibit angiogenesis. This agent has also been reported to stimulate the immune response to hepatitic C virus and intracellular bacterial infections. |
Olaparib |
A small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemosensitizing, radiosensitizing, and antineoplastic activities. Olaparib selectively binds to and inhibits PARP, inhibiting PARP-mediated repair of single strand DNA breaks; PARP inhibition may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and may reverse tumor cell chemoresistance and radioresistance. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins and can be activat… |
Olaptesed Pegol |
A 45-mer L-stereoisomer RNA oligonucleotide linked to a 40 kDa polyethyleneglycol that targets the small chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12) with potential antineoplastic and hematopoietic stem cell-mobilization activities. SDF-1 targeted agent NOX-A12 specifically binds to SDF-1 thereby preventing the binding of SDF-1 to its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 blocking the subsequent receptor activation. This may prevent angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metast… |
Olaratumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-PDGFR alpha monoclonal antibody IMC-3G3 selectively binds to PDGFR alpha, .blocking the binding of its ligand, PDGF; signal transduction downstream of PDGFR through the MAPK and PI3K pathways is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Overexpressed by various cancer cell types, PDGFR… |
Oleandrin |
A lipid soluble cardiac glycoside with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleandrin specifically binds to and inhibits the alpha3 subunit of the Na/K-ATPase pump in human cancer cells. This may inhibit the phosphorylation of Akt, upregulate MAPK, inhibit NF-kb activation and inhibit FGF-2 export and may downregulate mTOR thereby inhibiting p70S6K and S6 protein expression. All of this may lead to an induction of apoptosis. As cancer cells with relatively higher expression… |
Oleclumab |
A monoclonal antibody against the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73), also known as 5’-nucleotidase (5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, oleclumab targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine. This prevents adenosine-mediated lymphocyte suppression and increases the… |
Oligo-fucoidan |
A sulfated polysaccharide low-molecular-weight fucoidan, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration of oligo-fucoidan, this agent seems to exert numerous effects through various mechanisms of action, some of which remain to be fully elucidated. Oligo-fucoidan induces cell cycle arrest, activates caspases, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. It also increase… |
Oligomeric Procyanidin Complex |
A preparation containing plant-derived polyphenolic bioflavonoids composed of multimers (dimers, trimers, or higher order polymers) of the flavan-3-ol-based monomers catechin and epicatechin, which are extracted from sources rich in these chemicals, such as grape seeds, grape skin and pine bark, with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer and protective activities. Upon oral administration of oligomeric procyanidin complex (OPC), the polyphenols exert anti-oxid… |
Oligonucleotide SPC2996 |
A synthetic antisense oligonucleotide against Bcl-2 messenger RNA with potential antitumor activity. Oligonucleotide SPC2996 binds to and inactivates Bcl-2 mRNA, thereby inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 protein, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, and potentially enhancing the efficacy of standard cytotoxic chemotherapy. Linked to tumor drug resistance, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 is upregulated in several types of cancers. |
Olintatug Tesirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of olintatug, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human kidney associated antigen 1 (KAAG1; RU2) and conjugated, through a cathepsin-cleavable linker, to SG3199, a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of olintatug tesirine, the anti-KAAG1 antibody moiety targets and binds to KAAG1, which is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types. Upon endocytosis and … |
Olinvacimab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, olinvacimab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed in many tumors a… |
Olive Oil Extract/Curcumin-based Capsule |
A capsule containing an extract of olive oil, rich in polyphenols, and curcumin, the polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa, also known as turmeric, with potential anti-neoplastic, -angiogenic, -inflammatory, -oxidant and chemopreventive activities. The olive oil extract/curcumin-based capsule is rich in phytonutrients, especially polyphenols. Upon oral administration, the polyphenols, and other active ingredients in this supplement may exert anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing … |
Olive Oil/Soya Oil/Egg Lecithin-based Emulsion |
An injectable, isotonic, nutritional lipid emulsion composed of approximately 80% refined olive oil and 20% refined soybean oil, used for parenteral nutrition. The olive oil/soya oil/egg lecithin emulsion provides about 15% of saturated fatty acids (SFA), 65% of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and 20% of essential poly-unsaturated fatty acids (EPUFA). Upon parenteral administration, the emulsion supplies calories, for energy, and essential fatty acids that can be incorporated into cell me… |
Olivomycin |
A preparation containing a mixture of glycosidic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces olivoreticuli with fluorescent microscopy applications and potential antineoplastic activities. Olivomycin preferentially binds to DNA and can be utilized as a fluorescent marker during the characterization of heterochromatin. Additionally, binding to DNA inhibits both RNA transcription and RNA elongation by RNA polymerase; therefore protein synthesis is inhibited. In addition, olivomycin antibiotics are a… |
Olmutinib |
An orally available small molecule, mutant-selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Olmutinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, thereby leading to cell death of EGFR-expressing tumor cells. As this agent is selective towards mutant forms of EGFR, its toxicity profile may be reduced as compared to non-selective EGFR inhibitors which also inhibit the EGFR wild type form. |
Olomorasib |
An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, olomorasib selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metas… |
Oltipraz |
A synthetic dithiolethione with potential chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic properties. Oltipraz induces phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). The induction of detoxification enzymes enhances the detoxification of certain cancer-causing agents, thereby enhancing their elimination and preventing carcinogen-induced DNA damages. Although the exact mechanism through which the anti-angiogenesis effect remains to be f… |
Olutasidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) with a mutation at arginine (R) 132, IDH1(R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, olutasidenib specifically inhibits IDH1(R132), thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling and leads to both an induction of cellular differentiation and an inhibition of cellular … |
Olverembatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of a variety of kinases, including the Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (c-Kit), the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration,olverembatinib targets, binds to and inhibits the kinase activities of Bcr-Abl, AKT, c-Kit and ERK. This inhibits their mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation of tumor… |
Olvimulogene Nanivacirepvec |
An attenuated oncolytic vaccinia virus encoding the light-emitting fusion protein Renilla luciferase-Aequorea green fluorescent protein (RUC-GFP) with potential bioluminescent and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, light-emitting oncolytic vaccinia virus GL-ONC1 specifically enters tumor cells due to the permeable nature of the tumor vasculature. Once inside the cell, the virus replicates, resulting in tumor cell lysis and the release of mature viral particles into the tumor micr… |
Omacetaxine |
A protein translation inhibitor and cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, upon administration, omacetaxine targets and binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This reduces levels of certain oncoproteins and anti-apoptotic proteins. |
Omacetaxine Mepesuccinate |
A semisynthetic formulation of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus with potential antineoplastic activity. Omacetaxine binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This agent also induces differentiation and apoptosis in some cancer cell types. |
Ombrabulin |
A synthetic water-soluble analogue of combretastatin A4, derived from the South African willow bush (Combretum caffrum), with potential vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activities. Ombrabulin binds to the colchicine binding site of endothelial cell tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization and inducing mitotic arrest and apoptosis in endothelial cells. As apoptotic endothelial cells detach from their substrata, tumor blood vessels collapse; the acute disruption of tumor blood flow may … |
Omectatug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, omectatug specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-18, is expressed on a variety of tumor cells, … |
Omipalisib |
A small-molecule pyridylsulfonamide inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Omipalisib binds to and inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability and inducing apoptotic cell death. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins. PI3K, often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role … |
Ompenaclid |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the creatine transporter, solute carrier family 6, member 8 (SLC6a8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ompenaclid inhibits phosphocreatine uptake by SLC6a8, thereby reducing intracellular levels of phosphocreatine available for ATP synthesis in tumor cells. SLC6a8 is overexpressed in some cancer types and inhibition of its activity may potentially limit tumor cell growth and metastasis. |
Onalespib |
A synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signaling proteins. |
Onalespib Lactate |
The lactate form of onalespib, a synthetic, orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onalespib selectively binds to Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Hsp90, a chaperone protein upregulated in a variety of tumor cells, regulates the folding, stability and degradation of many oncogenic signal… |
Onametostat |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,onametostat selectively targets and irreversibly binds to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)- and substrate-binding pockets of the PRMT5/methylosome protein 50 (MEP50) complex, and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in … |
Onartuzumab |
A humanized monovalent monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-MET monoclonal antibody MetMAb binds to the extracellular domain of c-Met, preventing the binding of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF); the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway is thus inhibited, which may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is overexpressed on the cell surfaces… |
Onatasertib |
An orally available inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Onatasertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. |
Oncolytic Adenovirus AdAPT-001 |
A replication competent human attenuated adenoviral vector, TAV-255, modified to express a human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b) trap fusion protein that neutralizes TGF-b, with potential oncolytic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oncolytic adenovirus AdAPT-001 selectively binds to and replicates in tumor cells and induces tumor cell lysis. In addition, tumor cell lysis releases a variety of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) which may potentially r… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus CAdVEC |
A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of human adenovirus (Ad) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the oncolytic adenovirus CAdVEC selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. Additionally, CAdVEC has been genetically modified to express currently undisclosed immunomodulatory molecules that may enhance the anti-tumor effects of endogenous T-lymphocytes as well as adoptively transferred chi… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing Interferon Beta/CD40 Ligand MEM-288 |
A conditionally replicative, oncolytic adenovirus that has been genetically engineered to encode the transgenes for the human cytokine interferon beta (IFN-beta) and MEM40, a recombinant, chimeric form of CD40 ligand (CD40L), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the oncolytic adenovirus expressing IFN-beta/CD40L MEM-288 selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. In addition, the IFN-beta expresse… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing Interferon YSCH-01 |
An oncolytic adenovirus that has been genetically engineered to express interferon (IFN), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the oncolytic adenovirus expressing IFN YSCH-01 selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading to tumor cell lysis. In addition, tumor cell lysis releases a variety of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which may potentially result in the activation of a systemic immune response against the TAAs-e… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus GM103 |
An oncolytic adenovirus, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intratumoral administration of oncolytic adenovirus GM103, the oncolytic virus specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, ther… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus ICOVIR5-infected Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
A preparation of bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with the oncolytic, replication-competent adenovirus ICOVIR5, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of the oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR5-infected allogeneic MSCs, these cells target the adenovirus to tumors. The oncolytic virus then selectively transfects and replicates in the tumor cells causing a direct cytotoxic effect and lysis of the tumor cells. In addition, the viral infection and the … |
Oncolytic Adenovirus ICOVIR5-infected Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
Bone marrow-derived autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with the oncolytic, replication-competent adenovirus ICOVIR5, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of the oncolytic adenovirus ICOVIR5-infected autologous MSCs, these cells target the adenovirus to tumors. The oncolytic virus then selectively transfects and replicates in the tumor cells causing a direct cytotoxic effect and lysis of the tumor cells. In addition, the viral infection may stimulate an immune r… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus ICVB-1042 |
A genetically-engineered, replication competent, optimized E2 transcription factor (E2F)-dependent oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) composed of an Ad serotype 5 (Ad5) backbone that contains genomic modifications to include an Ad5/Ad34 chimeric fiber and dual modifications in E1A and E4orf6/7, and a modified capsid hexon protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the oncolytic adenovirus ICVB-1042 selectively targets and binds to CD46 that is overexpressed on many cancer ce… |
Oncolytic Adenovirus ORCA-010 |
A replication competent, oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) that has been modified with a delta24 (d24) deletion, an incorporation of an RGD-4C motif in the Ad fiber protein, and an insertion of the T1 mutation in E3/19K gene, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, oncolytic adenovirus ORCA-010 binds to specific Ad3 receptors that are highly expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the replication of oncolytic adenovirus Ad5/3-delta24 in tumor cells and induces tu… |
Oncolytic Bacterium |
Any bacterium that directly lyses tumor cells and/or induces anti-tumor immune responses. |
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Expressing Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody/CD40L/4-1BBL RP3 |
A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, expressing an antibody directed against the human inhibitory T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5) and the co-stimulatory molecule tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF) member 9 (TNFSF9; 4-1BBL) with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic HS… |
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Expressing Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody-like Molecule and GM-CSF RP2 |
A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, expressing the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and an antibody-like molecule directed against the human inhibitory T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic HSV-1 expressing anti-CTLA-4 antibody-like … |
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 ONCR-177 |
A recombinant, genetically modified, microRNA (miRNA)-attenuated oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. In ONCR-177, a dual bidirectional promoter enables the expression of five different transgenes: the natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell activating cytokine interleuin-12 (IL-12), the chemokines C-C motif chemokine 4 (CCL4) and the extracellular domain of the Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 l… |
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1-encoding GM-CSF |
An ICP34.5-, ICP47-deleted, oncolytic herpes simplex type-1 virus (HSV-1) isolated from the mouth of an HSV-1-infected patient of Chinese Han ethnicity, and encoding the immunostimulating factor cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the recombinant human GM-CSF HSV-1 selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. In addition, GM-CSF attracts … |
Oncolytic HSV-1 C134 |
A neurovirulent, oncolytic second-generation, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) where the gene for ICP34.5 has been deleted and the gene encoding the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), protein kinase R (PKR) evasion protein IRS1, with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 C134 specifically infects and replicates within the rapidly dividing, glioma cells, thereby directl… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing Anti-PD-1 scFv-Fc/TGFbRII Decoy/IL-12 STI-1386 |
A second-generation, genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing a single-chain variable fragment (scFv)-Fc targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), a human transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFbRII) decoy and the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon adminis… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody MVR-C5252 |
A genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and an antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration into the glioma, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody MVR-C5252 specifically infects and replicates… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and Anti-PD-1 Antibody T3011 |
A genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) and an antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and anti-PD-1 antibody T3011 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-med… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12 and IL-15/IL-15-receptor Alpha VG2025 |
An oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) genetically engineered to express the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin (IL)-12 and a complex of the immunostimulating cytokine IL-15 and its receptor alpha unit (IL-15Ra), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oHSV-1 expressing IL-12 and IL-15/IL-15Ra VG2025 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-12, IL-15/IL-15-receptor Alpha and PD-L1 Blocking Peptide VG161 |
A genetically engineered oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV-1) expressing the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin (IL)-12, the immunostimulating cytokine IL-15 and its receptor alpha unit (IL-15Ra), and a blocking peptide directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The blocking peptide is a fusion pro… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 Expressing IL-2 and IL-12 KB707 |
An oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genetically engineered to express the human immunostimulating cytokines interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-12, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 expressing IL-2 and IL-12 KB707 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the … |
Oncolytic HSV-1 G207 |
A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intracerebral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 G207 preferentially replicates within glioma cells, which may elicit tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in addition to direct cytopathic effects. Derived from wild-type HSV-1 strain F, this agent has been neuroattenuated by deletions in both copies of the gamma34.5 gene, the major deter… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 JNJ-87704916 |
A recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), with potential oncolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic HSV-1 JNJ-87704916 preferentially infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytot… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 NV1020 |
A genetically engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic property. NV1020 is constructed from the herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) by the deletion of a single copy of the gamma (1)34.5 gene and the substitution of the UL23 region of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene with a DNA fragment from HSV-2, thereby resulting in a replication-competent, attenuated virus. This modified virus preferentially transfects rapidly dividing cells, which causes cell lysis in tumor cells. NV1020 has show… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 R130 |
A recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), with potential oncolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral or intraperitoneal administration, oncolytic HSV-1 R130 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 rQNestin34.5v.2 |
A neuroattenuated, replication-competent, recombinant and genetically-engineered herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. In rQNestin34.5v.2, the UL39 gene encoding for the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit infected cell protein 6 (ICP6) and both endogenous copies of the gamma34.5 gene that encodes for the RL1 neurovirulence protein infected cell protein 34.5 (ICP34.5), which is needed for robust viral growth in an infected cel… |
Oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450 |
A gene therapy agent containing an attenuated, replication-competent, genetically engineered mutant form of the Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) strain KOS with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion into the hepatic artery, oncolytic HSV-1 rRp450 replicates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and exerts direct cytotoxic effects eventually disrupting cancer cell membranes and liberating progeny virions thereby infecting adjacent tumor cells. In addition, rRp450 expresses the cytoc… |
Oncolytic HSV1716 |
A neuroattenuated, replication-restricted, ICP34.5 deleted (RL1 gene)-mutant herpes simplex virus (HSV) type I, constructed from wild-type strain 17, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intratumoral injection, oncolytic HSV1716 transfects, replicates in, and lyses rapidly dividing cells such as tumor cells. Because the RL1 gene is deleted, HSV1716 is unable to replicate in non-dividing cells. |
Oncolytic Influenza A Virus |
An attenuated oncolytic influenza A virus, with hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of influenza virus strain A/California/07/2009 codon-pair deoptimized, with potential oncolytic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, oncolytic influenza A virus selectively targets and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following t… |
Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Helicobacter pylori Neutrophil-activating Protein |
An attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus (MV) encoding the N-terminus of the human lambda immunoglobulin light chain containing the Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (NAP), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic measles virus encoding H. pylori NAP selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, leading to syncytia formation and tumor cell lysis. The expressed NAP, a toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2… |
Oncolytic Measles Virus Encoding Thyroidal Sodium Iodide Symporter |
An attenuated oncolytic Edmonston (Ed) strain of measles virus encoding the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter (MV-NIS) with potential antineoplastic activity. The cellular receptor of MV is human CD46 antigen, a type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein found on nearly all human tissues and overexpressed on many cancer cell types. After attachment to and fusion of host cell membranes, MV-NIS induces syncytia and cell lysis. When combined with radioiodine 123 (I-123), expressed NIS facilitat… |
Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MEDI5395 |
An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has been engineered to include a transgene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, MEDI5395 specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells … |
Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus MTH-68H |
An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated strain of the paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NDV MTH-68H specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to an inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. |
Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Strain PV701 |
An attenuated, replication-competent, oncolytic strain of Newcastle disease virus. PV701 selectively lyses tumor cells. The selectivity of this agent is related to defects in the interferon-mediated antiviral response found in tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Oncolytic RNA Virus IVX037 |
A receptor-targeted oncolytic RNA virus, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intra-tumoral administration, the oncolytic RNA virus IVX037 selectively targets specific receptors overexpressed on cancer cells, thereby allowing for selective replication in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lys… |
Oncolytic Type 2 Herpes Simplex Virus Expressing Anti-PD-L1/CD3 Bispecific Antibody BS-006 |
A genetically engineered, ICP34.5- and ICP47-deleted oncolytic human herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), derived from the HG52 strain and encoding a bispecific antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand and immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oncolytic HSV-2 expressing anti-PD-L1… |
Oncolytic Type 2 Herpes Simplex Virus Expressing Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor OH2 |
A genetically engineered, ICP34.5- and ICP47-deleted oncolytic human herpes simplex type-2 virus (HSV-2), derived from the HG52 strain, encoding the immunostimulating factor cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic HSV-2 expressing GM-CSF OH2 selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. In addition, GM-CSF attracts dendritic cel… |
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing Anti-CD19/CD3 Bispecific Antibody RGV004 |
A genetically-engineered vaccinia virus (VV) encoding a bispecific antibody specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the oncolytic VV expressing anti-CD19/CD3 bispecific antibody RGV004 specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring … |
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody and GM-CSF BT-001 |
An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV; VACV) genetically engineered to express 4-E03, an immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody directed against the human inhibitory T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4) and the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intra-tumoral administration, the oncolytic VV expressing anti-CTLA-4 antibody and … |
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing Leptin/IL-2 Fusion Protein ASP1012 |
An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV) engineered to express a fusion protein comprised of the metabolic modulator and adipokine leptin and the human cytokine interleukin (IL)-2, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oncolytic VV expressing leptin/IL-2 fusion protein ASP1012 specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tu… |
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus OVV-01 |
An oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration of the oncolytic vaccinia virus OVV-01, the virus preferentially targets and infects tumor cells, thereby causing oncolysis. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. This further kills tumor cells. |
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus PF-07263689 |
An engineered oncolytic vaccinia virus (VV), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of oncolytic VV PF-07263689, the virus preferentially targets and infects tumor cells, thereby causing oncolysis. In turn, the lysed tumor cells release various tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which induce an immune response against the tumor cells. This further kills tumor cells. |
Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus |
A recombinant form of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oncolytic VSV preferentially replicates in tumor cells. This induces VSV-mediated cytolytic activity towards the tumor cells. VSV, a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus Vesiculovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae, is relatively nonpathogenic to healthy humans but is able to rapidly replicate in and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. |
Oncolytic Virus ASP9801 |
An engineered oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intratumoral injection of ASP-9801, the oncolytic virus selectively targets and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent tumor cells, wh… |
Oncolytic Virus CF33-expressing hNIS/Anti-PD-L1 Antibody |
A genetically modified oncolytic virus (OV) composed of a replication competent orthopoxviral chimera engineered to express the human sodium iodine symporter (hNIS) and a human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand and immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities that can be used for radioimaging upon positron emission tomography… |
Oncolytic Virus M1-c6v1 |
A mutant variant of the recombinant oncolytic alphavirus M1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, oncolytic virus M1-c6v1 infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumor antigens released from the lysed tumor cells also activate the immune system to induce a tumor-specific systemic immune and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response, the… |
Oncolytic Virus RT-01 |
An oncolytic virus with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration of RT-01, the oncolytic virus selectively targets and replicates in cancer cells without being able to infect and replicate in normal, healthy cells. This induces selective oncolytic virus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. Following the lysis of infected cells, the replicated virus is released and can infect adjacent tumor cells, which both induces furth… |
Oncolytic VSV-GP BI 1821736 |
An oncolytic virus derived from the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a single-stranded RNA virus, and containing a genetically modified glycoprotein (GP) and a human CD80 (B7.1) Fc fragment, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oncolytic VSV-GP BI 1821736 preferentially replicates in tumor cells, and induces VSV-mediated cytolytic activity towards the tumor cells. Viral infection also stimulates the immune system to recognize these same tumor ce… |
Onfekafusp Alfa |
An immunocytokine consisting of human pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) fused to a human single-chain variable fragment (scFv) directed against the extra-domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin (L19), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon adinistration, the L19 moiety of onfekafusp alfa binds to the ED-B domain of fibronectin on tumor cells in the tumor neovasculature. In turn, the TNFalpha moiety may locally induce an immune response agai… |
Onilcamotide |
A cancer vaccine composed of an immunogenic peptide derived from the Ras homolog family member C (RhoC; Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoC) that is emulsified in the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, onilcamotide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing RhoC, which results in tumor cell lysis. RhoC, a tumor-as… |
Ontorpacept |
A soluble recombinant antibody-like fusion protein composed of the N-terminal CD47 binding domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPa) linked to the Fc domain of human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ontorpacept selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, a cell surface protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents… |
Ontuxizumab |
A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human endosialin/TEM1 (tumor endothelial marker;CD248) with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ontuxizumab binds to and inhibits the activity of cell surface protein endosialin/TEM1, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Endosialin/TEM1 plays a key role in angiogenesis and may be overexpressed on tumor stromal cells and endothelial cells. |
Onvansertib |
An orally bioavailable, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, onvansertib selectively binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, an… |
Onvatilimab |
A human monoclonal antibody against the protein V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, onvatilimab targets and binds to VISTA. This inhibits VISTA signaling, abrogates the VISTA-induced suppression of T-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses, enhances cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells and inhibits tumor cell growth… |
Onzigolide |
A chimeric dopamine (DA)-somatostatin (SST) compound, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, onzigolide binds with high affinity to dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) and somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2), and to a lesser extent to somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5). This agent appears to exert its effect mainly by binding to D2R to activate the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways, thus inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cellular proliferation in non-functioning pituitary ade… |
Opaganib |
An orally available, aryladamantane compound and selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase-2 (SK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, opaganib competitively binds to and inhibits SK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic amino alcohol sphingosine to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), the lipid mediator that is pro-survival and critical for immunomodulation. This may eventually lead to the induction of apoptosis and may result in an inhibition of ce… |
OPCs/Green Tea/Spirullina/Curcumin/Antrodia Camphorate/Fermented Soymilk Extract Capsule |
A capsule containing a fermented soymilk extract and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), green tea, spirullina, curcumin and antrodia camphorate powder, with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-infective and anti-cancer activities. OPCs/green tea/spirullina/curcumin/antrodia camphorate/fermented soymilk extract capsule may boost the immune system and may alleviate fatigue and poor appetite in cancer chemotherapy patients. |
Opevesostat |
An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal, selective inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome 450 side-chain cleavage (scc) (CYP11A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, opevesostat targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11A1. This prevents the synthesis of all steroid hormones and their precursors. This may inhibit proliferation of hormone-positive tumor cells. CYP11A1, a mitochondrial enzyme, catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone (Preg), whi… |
Opioid Growth Factor |
An endogenous pentapeptide with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Opioid growth factor (OGF) binds to and activates the OGF receptor, present on some tumor cells and vascular cells, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. (NCI05) |
Opnurasib |
An inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, opnurasib selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. |
Opolimogene Capmilisbac |
A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding multiple, as of yet undisclosed, tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, opolimogene capmilisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). The TAAs are subsequently expressed by the APCs and then processed and presented to the immune syst… |
Oportuzumab Monatox |
A fusion protein immunotoxin consisting of a humanized, single-chain monoclonal antibody fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) conjugated with a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Oportuzumab monatox binds to Ep-CAM-positive tumor cells, thereby delivering the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety specifically; the Pseudomonas exotoxin A moiety then inactivates elongation factor 2 (EF-2) through ADP ribosylation, resulting in… |
Oprozomib |
An orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Proteasome inhibitor ONX 0912 inhibits the activity of the proteasome, thereby blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome; this may result in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins. Disruption of various cell signaling pathways may follow, eventually leading to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor growth. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade… |
Opucolimab |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, opucolimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 s… |
Opugotamig Olatansine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of opugotamig, an asymmetric, bivalent, biparatopic antibody targeting two independent epitopes of folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) that is conjugated, via a cleavable peptide linker, to the cytotoxic maytansinoid derivative DM21, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of opugotamig olatansine, the antibody moiety targets and binds to FRa expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, DM21 is released… |
Oral Aminolevulinic Acid Hydrochloride |
A powder for an oral solution comprised of the hydrochloride salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) with a potential application for photodynamic therapy. After oral administration, ALA is converted intracellularly into the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Upon exposure to light of appropriate wavelength (violet to blue range), excited PpIX emits a characteristic red fluorescence which could facilitate guided resection, and generates excited singlet oxygen molecules that could kill cell… |
Oral Azacitidine |
An orally bioavailable formulation of azacitidine, a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue of cytidine, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, azacitidine is taken up by cells and metabolized to 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate. The incorporation of 5-azadeoxycitidine triphosphate into DNA reversibly inhibits DNA methyltransferase, and blocks DNA methylation. Hypomethylation of DNA by azacitidine may re-activate tumor suppressor genes previously silenced by hypermethylation, resultin… |
Oral Cancer Vaccine V3-OVA |
An orally available cancer vaccine composed of autologous ovarian cancer antigens obtained from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue of patients with ovarian cancer, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of the oral cancer vaccine V3-OVA, the ovarian cancer antigens stimulate the immune system and activate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against ovarian cancer cells. |
Oral Docetaxel |
An oral proprietary P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump inhibitor-based formulation containing the taxane docetaxel, a semisynthetic analogue of paclitaxel, and a P-gp pump inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of oral docetaxel, the P-gp pump inhibitor moiety, which is not absorbed, binds to the P-gp pump in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and prevents the P-gp pump-mediated efflux of docetaxel from cells the docetaxel has been internalized by back into the GI tract. … |
Oral Fludarabine Phosphate |
An oral formulation of the phosphate salt of fludarabine, a synthetic purine nucleoside analogue antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. Fudarabine is preferentially transported into malignant cells and metabolized by deoxycytidine kinase to its active form, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP; 2-fluoro-ara-ATP competes directly with deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) and inhibits alpha DNA polymerase, RNA reductase, and DNA primase, which may result in inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell death. |
Oral Hsp90 Inhibitor IPI-493 |
An orally bioavailable formulation of the ansamycin derivative 17-amino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AG) with potential antineoplastic activity. Oral Hsp90 inhibitor IPI-493 binds to and inhibits Hsp90, which may result the in growth inhibition in sensitive tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a 90 kDa molecular chaperone, may be highly expressed in tumor cells, playing a key role in the conformational maturation, stability and function of other substrate or “client” proteins within the cell; man… |
Oral Irinotecan Hydrochloride Formulation VAL-413 |
An orally bioavailable flavored formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of irinotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of oral irinotecan HCl formulation VAL-413, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. In turn, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase… |
Oral Ixabepilone |
An enteric-coated formulation of ixabepilone, a semisynthetic analogue of epothilone B and a non-taxane tubulin inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Ixabepilone binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in cell cycle arrest at the G2-M phase and leads to apoptosis within fast growing tumor cells. This agent demonstrates antineoplastic activity against taxane-resistant cell lines. Compared to intraveno… |
Oral Microencapsulated Diindolylmethane |
An orally bioavailable microencapsulated formulation of diindolylmethane, an indole phytonutrient found in cruciferous vegetables, with estrogen-modulating, antiandrogenic, and potential antineoplastic activities. As a dimer of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane (DIM) modulates estrogen balance by reducing the levels of 16-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and increasing the formation of beneficial 2-hydroxy estrogen metabolites. DIM also antagonizes androgen receptor activity, which may result i… |
Oral Myoma Vaccine V3-myoma |
An orally available therapeutic myoma vaccine containing pooled antigens derived from hydrolyzed, inactivated blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with uterine myoma, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, V3-myoma may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated response against cells expressing myoma-associated antigens. This may reduce the myoma growth and improve myoma-related symptoms. |
Oral Pancreatic Cancer Vaccine V3-P |
An orally bioavailable, therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of the carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis A (carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA19.9; CA19-9) that is derived from pooled blood of pancreatic cancer patients, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the oral pancreatic cancer vaccine V3-P, the CA19.9 antigens may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against pancreatic cancer cells expressing the CA19…. |
Oral Picoplatin |
An oral preparation of picoplatin, a third generation platinum compound with antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and RNA transcription and the induction of apoptosis. Because of the increase in steric bulk around the platinum center, there is a relative reduction in the inactivation of picoplatin by thiol-containing species such as gluta… |
Oral Sodium Phenylbutyrate |
An orally active derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-Phenylbutyrate inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in cell cycle gene expression modulation, reduced cell proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and apoptosis. This agent also initiates fragmentation of genomic DNA, resulting in decreased DNA synthesis and the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion. |
Oral Topotecan Hydrochloride |
An oral formulation of the hydrochloride salt of topotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of the quinoline alkaloid camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan selectively inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during the S phase of the cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication m… |
Orantinib |
An orally bioavailable receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. SU6668 binds to and inhibits the autophosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. SU6668 also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. (NCI04) |
Oraxol |
A combination formulation composed of a capsule containing the taxane compound paclitaxel and a tablet containing the multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor HM30181A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of oraxol, the HM30181A moiety binds to and inhibits P-gp, which prevents P-gp-mediated efflux of paclitaxel, therefore enhancing its oral bioavailability. In turn, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their de… |
Ordesekimab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ordesekimab binds to and neutralizes IL-15, thereby preventing IL-15-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling. By inhibiting IL-15-mediated immune responses, ordesekimab decreases natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, reduces T-cell infiltration, incre… |
Oregovomab |
A murine monoclonal antibody that attaches to the tumor-associated antigen CA125. Vaccination with monoclonal antibody B43.13 may stimulate a host cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that express CA125. (NCI04) |
Orelabrutinib |
A small molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, orelabrutinib binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasm… |
Orludodstat |
An orally available inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, orludodstat specifically targets, binds to and prevents the activation of DHODH, thereby preventing the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. This prevents uridine monophosphate (UMP) formation, DNA synthesis, cell division and cellular proliferation, causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, enables differentiation and induces apoptosis i… |
Ormaplatin |
A platinum(IV) analogue with antineoplastic activity. Ormaplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslinks, which result in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription and cell-cycle nonspecific cytotoxicity. |
Ortataxel |
A semisynthetic, second-generation taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Ortataxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly. This results in the inhibition of cell division and cellular proliferation. As it represents a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multi-drug resistance protein (MRP-1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) mediated efflux, ortataxel modulates multi-drug resistanc… |
Orteronel |
An orally bioavailable non-steroidal androgen synthesis inhibitor of steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase (17,20 lyase) with potential antiandrogen activity. TAK-700 binds to and inhibits the steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-dependent tumor cells. The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP17A1 (P450C17), localized to the endoplasmic reti… |
Orvacabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous CD4- and CD8-positive T-lymphocytes that have been ex vivo transduced with a genetically-engineered lentiviral vector (LV) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the CD3-zeta (CD3z) T-cell signaling domain… |
Osemitamab |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, osemitamab specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and inhib… |
Osilodrostat |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both steroid 11beta-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 (CYP) 11B1) and aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2; steroid 18-hydroxylase), with potential anti-adrenal activity and ability to treat Cushing disease (CD). Upon administration, osilodrostat binds to and inhibits the activity of CYP11B1, the enzyme that catalyzes the final step of cortisol synthesis from the precursor 11-deoxycortisol, and CYP11B2, the enzyme that catalyzes aldosterone synthesis from corticosteron… |
Osimertinib |
A third-generation, orally available, irreversible, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, osimertinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of numerous mutant forms of EGFR, including the secondarily-acquired resistance mutation T790M, L858R, and exon 19 deletions, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tu… |
Osugacestat |
A small-molecule gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, osugacestat binds to GS and blocks activation of Notch receptors, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells with an overly-active Notch pathway. The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains that lead to thei… |
Osunprotafib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the T-cell specific tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, osunprotafib specifically targets and binds to PTPN2. This prevents PTPN2-mediated signal transduction pathways and may activate anti-tumor T-cell immune responses. It may also sensitize tumor cells to immunotherapeutics. PTPN2 negatively regulates TCR and cytokine signaling needed for T cell … |
Otlertuzumab |
A recombinant single-chain polypeptide engineered to exhibit the full binding and activity of an anti-CD37 monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Otlertuzumab binds to CD37 on B-cells, which may result in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and apoptosis. CD37 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed at high-levels on B cells and to a lesser extent on T cells and myeloid cells. This agent may have a longer half-life in vivo than c… |
Ovapuldencel-T |
A cancer vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with autologous, lethally irradiated cancer cells and mixed with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, ovapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the repertoire of tumor associated antigens (TAAs) found in the irradiated cancer cells. GM-CSF … |
Ovarian Cancer Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of synthetic peptides corresponding to naturally-occurring peptides derived from ovarian cancer cell antigens. Ovarian cancer peptide vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing the related ovarian cancer cell antigens. (NCI05) |
Ovarian Cancer Stem Cell/hTERT/Survivin mRNAs-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine DC-006 |
A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are transfected with mRNAs extracted from amplified ovarian cancer stem cells, and mRNAs of the universal tumor antigens human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ovarian cancer stem cell/hTERT/survivin mRNAs-loaded autologous DC-006 vaccine may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against ovarian cancer ce… |
Ovarian Tumor Antigen-activated Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) activated with an ovarian tumor cell lysate containing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the ovarian tumor antigen-activated autologous DC vaccine may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against ovarian cancer cells expressing ovarian tumor cell-specific antigens, which may result in ovarian tumo… |
Ovine Submaxillary Mucin |
A naturally occurring mucin glycoprotein. Ovine submaxillary mucin (OSM), extracted from an ovine submaxillary gland, provides a rich source of the sialylated Tn antigen (sTn), which is a carbohydrate antigen found on mucins of many epithelial tumors. Vaccination with OSM may result in the production of antibodies as well as elicitation of a cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing sTn, thereby results in decreased tumor cell growth. |
Oxaliplatin |
An organoplatinum complex in which the platinum atom is complexed with 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) and with an oxalate ligand as a ‘leaving group.’ A ‘leaving group’ is an atom or a group of atoms that is displaced as a stable species taking with it the bonding electrons. After displacement of the labile oxalate ligand leaving group, active oxaliplatin derivatives, such as monoaquo and diaquo DACH platinum, alkylate macromolecules, forming both inter- and intra-strand platinum-DNA crosslink… |
Oxaliplatin Eluting Beads |
A formulation of drug-eluting beads (DEB) consisting of polymeric microbeads impregnated with the organoplatinum complex and alkylating agent oxaliplatin, with potential antineoplastic activity. The beads consist of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microspheres modified with sulfonic acid groups and loaded with oxaliplatin. During transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the hepatic artery, the oxaliplatin eluting beads occlude tumor blood vessels that feed the tumor and induce ischemic necrosis of t… |
Oxaliplatin-Encapsulated Transferrin-Conjugated N-glutaryl Phosphatidylethanolamine Liposome |
A nanoparticle formulation containing N-glutaryl phosphatidylethanolamine (NGPE)-liposomes encapsulating oxaliplatin and conjugated to the human transferrin (Tf) ligand, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of oxaliplatin-encapsulated transferrin-conjugated NGPE liposomes, the transferrin moiety targets and binds to the Tf receptor, which is overexpressed on a variety of human cancer cells. Upon binding and internalization, oxaliplatin is released and its active derivatives a… |
Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitor IACS-010759 |
An orally bioavailable oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the OxPhos inhibitor IACS-010759, this agent binds to and inhibits complex I of the electron transport chain (NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase), thereby selectively depriving tumor cells of nutrients, and energy, and inhibiting nucleotide and amino acid production, which induces autophagy, causes tumor cell death and inhibits cell proliferation. Mitochondrial compl… |
Oxidopamine |
An antagonist of the neurotransmitter dopamine with potential antineoplastic activity. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-HOD) can be taken up by selective adrenergic terminals, thereby causing acute degeneration of adrenergic terminals that leads to depletion of norepinephrine, and of dopamine in the dopamine-sensitive sites. This agent is auto-oxidated at physiological pH that leads to the formation of reactive free radicals, thereby leading to cytotoxicity in neural cells. 6-Hydroxydopamine is often us… |
OxPhos Inhibitor VLX600 |
A lipophilic cation-based triazinoindolyl-hydrazone compound and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion, in normal cells and proliferating tumor cells where glucose is readily available, inhibition of OxPhos by VLX600 induces a hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1alpha)-dependent shift to, and an increase in glycolysis. Glycolysis alone does not produce enough energy to support the growth of tumor cells in this envi… |
Oxygen Carrier YQ23 |
A bovine-derived, stabilized, non-polymeric, cross-linked, tetrameric hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier, with potential oxygen carrying, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, oxygen carrier YQ23 may increase the oxygen level in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may prevent the increase of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) that results from tissue ischemia and hypoxia. EPCs play important roles in tumor vasculogenes… |
Ozarelix |
A highly modified, fourth generation linear decapeptide with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or LHRH) antagonizing properties. Ozarelix competitively binds to and blocks the gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone. As a result, this may relieve symptoms associated wit… |
Ozekibart |
A recombinant, humanized, agonistic, tetravalent monoclonal antibody directed against human death receptor type 5 (DR5), also called tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2 (TRAILR2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ozekibart specifically binds to exactly four DR5 receptors per molecule, which mimics the interaction of DR5 with its natural ligand TRAIL. This activates DR5 and the death receptor signaling… |
Ozuriftamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of ozuriftamab, a conditionally active biologic (CAB) antibody against receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of ozuriftamab vedotin, the anti-ROR2 antibody becomes activated through an as of yet not fully elucidated process, only under the unique microphysical conditions that are present in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as a result of… |
p.DOM-WT1-126 DNA Vaccine |
A fusion DNA vaccine containing the first domain of fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin (TT865-1120) (p.DOM) fused to the human Wilms’ Tumor gene-1 (WT1)-derived MHC class I-binding epitope WT1.126, with potential antitumor activity. Upon vaccination with p.DOM-WT1-126 DNA and subsequent electroporation, this vaccine may induce a WT1 epitope-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1 expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in WT1-ove… |
p.DOM-WT1-37 DNA Vaccine |
A fusion DNA vaccine containing the first domain of fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin (TT865-1120) (p.DOM) fused to the human Wilms’ Tumor gene-1 (WT1)-derived MHC class I-binding epitope WT1.37, with potential antitumor activity. Upon vaccination with p.DOM-WT1-37 DNA and subsequent electroporation, this vaccine may induce a WT1 epitope-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1 expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in WT1-overe… |
P30-linked EphA2/CMV pp65/Survivin Peptide Vaccine P30-EPS |
A peptide vaccine comprised of three immunogenic tetanus toxoid epitope P30-linked tumor-associated antigen (TAA) peptides, P30-linked Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), P30-linked cytomegalovirus (CMV) matrix protein pp65 (65 kDa lower matrix phosphoprotein; UL83) and P30-linked survivin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, P30-linked EphA2/CMV pp65/survivin peptide vaccine P30-EPS may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cell… |
p38 MAPK Inhibitor LY3007113 |
An orally active p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3007113 inhibits the activity of p38, thereby preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may result in the inhibition of the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. p38 MAPK, a serine/threonine protein kinase often upregulated in cancer cells, plays a crucial part in the produ… |
p53 Mutant Reactivator APR-548 |
An analog of eprenetapopt and an orally bioavailable, small molecule prodrug and reactivator of p53 mutants, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of p53 mutant reactivator APR-548, as a prodrug APR-548 is converted to its active form, 2-methylene-quinuclidin-3-one (MQ), which binds to mutant p53 proteins at their DNA-binding domain and restores wild-type p53 protein structure and activity. This reconstitutes endogenous p53 activity, blocks tumor cell cycle progress… |
p53 Peptide Vaccine MPS-128 |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine composed of amino acids 264 to 272 of the wild-type protein encoded by the P53 gene. p53 peptide vaccine may elicit an HLA-A2.1-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte immune response against tumor cells that overexpress p53 protein. (NCI04) |
p53 Y220C Mutant Reactivator PC14586 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule reactivator of the p53 Y220C mutant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p53 Y220C mutant reactivator PC14586 selectively targets and binds to the crevice created by the p53 Y220C mutation, which normalizes and restores wild-type p53 protein structure and activity. This blocks tumor cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis in tumor cells expressing the p53 Y220C mutant. The p53 gene, a tumor suppressor gene, is mutated i… |
p53 Y220C Reactivator JAB-30355 |
An orally bioavailable reactivator of the tumor suppressor protein p53 mutation TP53 Y220C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p53 Y220C reactivator JAB-30355 selectively targets, binds to and restores the conformation of TP53 Y220C. This restores the transcriptional activity of TP53 Y220C, reactivates p53-mediated signaling and restores p53 function. This induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells expressing the TP53 Y220C mutation and inhibits prol… |
p53/HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor CGM097 |
An orally bioavailable HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p53/HDM2 interaction inhibitor CGM097 inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and, thus, the p53-mediated induction o… |
p53-HDM2 Interaction Inhibitor MI-773 |
An orally available spiro-oxindole HDM2 (human double minute 2) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the p53-HDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor MI-773 binds to HDM2, preventing the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored, wh… |
P53-Synthetic Long Peptides Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine consisting of 10 synthetic long peptides (SLPs), 25-30 amino acids in size and derived from the middle portion of p53 (amino acids 70-251), mixed with the adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Upon administration, p53 synthetic long peptide (70-251) vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL) response against p53-expressing tumor cells. p53, a tumor associated antigen (TAA), may be o… |
p70S6K Inhibitor LY2584702 |
An orally available inhibitor of p70S6K signaling, with potential antineoplastic activity. p70S6K inhibitor LY2584702 inhibits ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), and prevents phosphorylation of the S6 subunit of ribosomes, thereby inhibiting normal ribosomal function within tumor cells leading to a decrease in protein synthesis and in cellular proliferation. P70S6K, a serine/threonine kinase, acts downstream of PIP3 and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 in the PI3 kinase pathway, is ofte… |
p97 Inhibitor CB-5083 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP) p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-5083 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to both an induction of apoptosis an… |
p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 |
An orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress response pathway, and leads to… |
p97 Inhibitor CB-5339 Tosylate |
The tosylate salt of CB-5339, an orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, p97 inhibitor CB-5339 binds to and inhibits the activity of p97. This prevents ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation and causes cellular accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein degradation activates the ER-dependent stress… |
PA-1-STK Ovarian Carcinoma Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. PA-1-STK ovarian carcinoma vaccine is produced by transducing the ovarian cancer cell line, PA-1, with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene, resulting in a cell line, PA-1-STK, that permanently expresses the HSV tk gene. Upon transfection into malignant cells, this vaccine is capable of sensitizing tumor cells in response to an antiviral drug such as ganciclovir, which is readily phosphorylated by the TK enzyme t… |
Pacanalotamab |
A short half-life bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pacanalotamab, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on … |
Paclitaxel |
A compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-2 (B-cell Leukemia 2). (NCI04) |
Paclitaxel and Hyaluronic Acid |
A water soluble, muco-adhesive co-formulation composed of the natural taxane paclitaxel conjugated to the naturally occurring proteoglycan hyaluronic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration of paclitaxel and hyaluronic acid, HA targets and binds to CD44 expressed on cancer cells. In turn, paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes microtubules, preventing their depolymerization and inhibiting cellular motility, mitosis, and replication in CD44-expressing tumor c… |
Paclitaxel Ceribate |
The ceribate ester form of paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin thereby inhibiting the disassembly of microtubules, resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (BCL2). |
Paclitaxel Injection Concentrate for Nanodispersion |
A nanoparticle-based injectable concentrate containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon reconstitution and administration, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. Compared to paclitaxel alone, the nanodispersion-based formulation uses less toxic solvents and allows for administration of higher doses resulting in higher concentrations of paclitaxel at the … |
Paclitaxel Liposome |
A liposome-encapsulated formulation of paclitaxel, a taxoid compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic property. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and interferes with the assembly/disassembly dynamics of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis via inactivation of the apoptosis inhibitor, B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2) protein. Paclitaxel liposome formulation potentially enhances delivery of higher doses… |
Paclitaxel Poliglumex |
The agent paclitaxel linked to a biodegradable, water-soluble polyglutamate polymer with antineoplastic properties. The polyglutamate residue increases the water solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents microtubule depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. |
Paclitaxel Polymeric Micelle Formulation NANT-008 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel is covalently bound to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based block copolymers which forms a micellar structure with an outer hydrophilic PEG shell surrounding the hydrophobic paclitaxel. Upon administration of the paclitaxel polymeric micelle formulation NANT-008, the nanoparticles are stable in the bloodstream and specifically accumulate in the t… |
Paclitaxel PPE Microspheres |
A paclitaxel formulation containing paclitaxel incorporated in biodegradable polyphosphoester (PPE) polymer form with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal delivery, paclitaxel PPE microspheres slowly and continuously dissolve and deliver paclitaxel to the tumor site, where it binds to tubulin and inhibits the dynamics of disassembly-assembly of microtubules. As a result, this formulation induces cell cycle arrest and leads to cell death. |
Paclitaxel Trevatide |
A peptide-drug conjugate containing the taxane paclitaxel covalently linked to the proprietary 19 amino acid peptide angiopep-2, in a 3:1 ratio, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paclitaxel trevatide, via angiopep-2 moiety, binds to LRP-1 (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1), which is highly expressed in blood brain barrier (BBB) and glioma cells. This binding allows the transcytosis of the agent across the BBB and the delivery of the cytotoxic agent… |
Paclitaxel Vitamin E-Based Emulsion |
A cremophor-free, P-glycoprotein-inhibiting, vitamin E-based emulsion particle formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, thereby resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). The vitamin-E based emulsion allows bolus infusion without steroid premedication and may diminish … |
Paclitaxel-conjugated CXCR4 Peptide Antagonist MB1707 |
A peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) of paclitaxel with an inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of paclitaxel-conjugated CXCR4 peptide antagonist MB1707, the CXCR4 inhibitor moiety binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4 expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing CXCR4 binding to its ligand, stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and subsequent receptor activation. This may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. I… |
Paclitaxel-Loaded Polymeric Micelle |
A biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) copolymer micelle nanoparticle-entrapped formulation of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel promotes microtubule assembly and prevents depolymerization, thus interfering with normal mitosis. The copolymer residue increases the water-solubility of paclitaxel and allows delivery of higher doses than those achievable with paclitaxel alone. |
Paclitaxel-loaded Tumor Penetrating Microparticles |
A microparticle-based suspension containing the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel-loaded tumor penetrating microparticles (TPM), the microparticles may adhere to tumor cells, and paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, which results in the inhibition of both microtubule depolymerization and cell division. Paclitaxel also induces apoptosis by both binding to and blocking the function of the… |
Pacmilimab |
A recombinant antibody prodrug composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274) that is linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable linker on the amino terminus of the light chain domain of the antibody, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pacmilimab, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravas… |
Pacritinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pacritinib competes with JAK2 and the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, and the induction of apoptosis. In addition, pacritinib targets… |
Pacritinib Citrate |
The citrate salt form of pacritinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of pacritinib citrate, pacritinib competes with JAK2 and the JAK2 mutant JAK2V617F for ATP binding, which may result in inhibition of JAK2 activation, inhibition of the JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, and … |
Padeliporfin |
A vascular-acting photosensitizer consisting of a water-soluble, palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, paldeliporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to low-power laser light; reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed upon activation and ROS-mediated necrosis may occur at the site of interaction between the photosensitizer, light and oxygen. Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) with padeliporf… |
Padnarsertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of both the serine/threonine kinase P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-synthesizing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT; NAMPRTase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, padnarsertib allosterically binds to, destabilizes and causes degradation of PAK4. This inhibits PAK4-mediated signaling, induces cell death in, and inhibits the proliferation of PAK4-overexpressing tumor cells… |
Padoporfin |
A novel palladium-substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative and photosensitizer with potential antitumor activity. Upon administration, inactive padoporfin is activated locally when the tumor bed is exposed to photoirradiation; the activated form induces local cytotoxic processes, resulting in local tissue damage, disruption of tumor vasculature, and tumor hypoxia and necrosis. |
PAI-1 Inhibitor ACT001 |
The fumarate salt form of the parthenolide derivative micheliolide (MCL), and an orally bioavailable guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone and inhibitor of the protease plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PAI-1 inhibitor ACT001 targets and binds to PAI-1, thereby inhibiting the PAI-1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. This induces apoptosis in and inhibits the proliferatio… |
PAK4 Inhibitor PF-03758309 |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) with potential antineoplastic activity. PAK4 inhibitor PF-03758309 binds to PAK4, inhibiting PAK4 activity and cancer cell growth. PAK4, a serine/threonine kinase belonging to the p21-activated kinase (PAK) family, is often upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in cancer cell motility, proliferation, and survival. |
Palazestrant |
An orally available, small molecule antagonist of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ERa; ESR1; nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1; NR3A1) and a selective ER degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, palazestrant competes with the endogenous activating estrogenic ligand 17-beta estradiol for binding in the ligand binding pocket of ERalpha, thereby inhibiting the activity of ERalpha. Palazestrant blocks estrogen-driven transcriptional activi… |
Palbociclib |
An orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types and play a key role in the regulation of cel… |
Palbociclib Isethionate |
The isethionate salt form of palbociclib, an orally available cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Palbociclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6), thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase leading to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell types an… |
Palifosfamide |
A synthetic mustard compound with potential antineoplastic activity. An active metabolite of ifosfamide covalently linked to the amino acid lysine for stability, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and cross-links DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom inter-strand cross-links; inhibition of DNA replication and cell death follow. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites associated with bladder and CNS toxicities. In a… |
Palifosfamide Tromethamine |
A synthetic mustard compound of the tromethamine (tris) salt of palifosfamide (Isophosphamide mustard), with potential antineoplastic activity. As the stabilized active metabolite of ifosfamide, palifosfamide irreversibly alkylates and crosslinks DNA through GC base pairs, resulting in irreparable 7-atom interstrand crosslinks. This leads to an inhibition of DNA replication and ultimately cell death. Unlike ifosfamide, this agent is not metabolized to acrolein or chloroacetaldehyde, metabolit… |
Palladium Pd-103 |
A radioisotope of the metal palladium used in brachytherapy implants or ‘seed’. With a half-life of 17 days, palladium 103 administered with brachytherapy allows continuous, tumor-site specific low-energy irradiation to the tumor cell population while sparing normal adjacent tissues from radiotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Paltimatrectinib |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, paltimatrectinib specifically targets and binds to TRKs, mutated TRKs and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activatio… |
Paltusotine |
An orally bioavailable, nonpeptide somatostatin receptor type 2 (SST2; SSTR2) agonist, with potential growth hormone (GH) secretion-inhibiting and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, paltusotine targets, binds to and activates SSTR2, which leads to an inhibition in the secretion of human growth hormone (hGH) in the pituitary gland and results in decreased production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1). This may inhibit IGF-1-mediated cell signaling pathways, and lead to apo… |
Palupiprant |
An orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor type 4 (EP4; EP-4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, palupiprant selectively targets, binds to and blocks the activity of immunosuppressive tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) in the microenvironment. This abolishes TAMC-dependent immunosuppression and reduces tumor cell proliferation. The presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cells in certain tumors is associat… |
Pamidronate Disodium |
The disodium salt of the synthetic bisphosphonate pamidronate. Although its mechanism of action is not completely understood, pamidronate appears to adsorb to calcium phosphate crystals in bone, blocking their dissolution by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. This agent does not inhibit bone mineralization and formation. |
Pamiparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pamiparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability, and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP is activated by single-strand DNA breaks and, subsequently, catalyzes post-trans… |
Pamlectabart Tismanitin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of pamlectabart, a humanized immunoglobulin G1-kappa monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, TNFRSF17) conjugated with tismanitin, which consists of a cleavable linker and the cytotoxic, RNA polymerase II inhibitor alpha-amanitin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of pamlectabart tismanitin, the pamlectabart moiety targets and binds to the cell surface antigen BCMA exp… |
Pamrevlumab |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) with potential anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Pamrevlumab binds to CTGF thereby preventing the binding of the ligand to the receptor and subsequent receptor activation. As CTGF enhances the production of collagen and fibronectin, FG-319 may prevent and reverse fibrosis. In addition, FG-3019 may prevent tumor cell proliferation in CTGF-expressing tumor cells. CTGF, a member of the CCN family (CTGF, CYR61… |
Pamvatamig |
A human bispecific immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pamvatamig simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domains of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells. This prevents the activation of both EGFR- and c-Met-mediated signaling pathways. The binding results in antibody-depend… |
pan FGFR Inhibitor PRN1371 |
A highly specific covalent inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor types 1, 2, 3 and 4 (FGFR1-4) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. FGFR1-4 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PRN1371 specifically binds to a conserved cysteine residue in the glycine-rich loop in FGFRs and inhibits their tyrosine kinase activity, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of r… |
Pan HER/VEGFR2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-690514 |
A pyrrolotriazine-based compound and a pan inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan HER/VEGFR2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor BMS-690514 binds to human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) 1, 2 and 4 (HER1, HER2 and HER4) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, 2 and 3 (VEGFR-1, -2 and -3), all of which are frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor types. Binding of this agent to these receptors may result in the inhibition of … |
Pan-AKT Inhibitor ARQ751 |
An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B) enzyme family with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AKT inhibitor ARQ 751 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of the AKT isoforms 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signali… |
Pan-AKT Inhibitor LY2503029 |
An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-AKT inhibitor LY2503029 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the AKT isoforms 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. This may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells in which AK… |
Pan-AKT Kinase Inhibitor GSK690693 |
An aminofurazan-derived inhibitor of Akt kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-AKT kinase inhibitor GSK-690693 binds to and inhibits Akt kinases 1, 2, and 3, which may result in the inhibition of protein phosphorylation events downstream from Akt kinases in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and, subsequently, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit other protein kinases including protein kinase C (PK… |
Pancratistatin |
A isoquinoline alkaloid from amaryllis with antineoplastic activity. |
Pan-DDR DNA Decoy-cholesterol Conjugate VIO-01 |
A pan-DNA damage response (DDR) DNA decoy linked to a cholesterol molecule, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pan-DDR DNA decoy-cholesterol conjugate VIO-01, the cholesterol moiety enables tumoral and nuclear uptake of the DNA, and mimics DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) inside the tumor cells. This triggers false DNA break signals, binding to and activating DNA repair proteins including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, KU70/80, MRN comp… |
Pan-FGFR Inhibitor ABSK-121 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule pan-inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-FGFR inhibitor ABSK-121 binds to and inhibits FGFR family proteins, including FGFR2 and FGFR3 gatekeeper, molecular brake, and activation loop mutations. This prevents FGFR-mediated signaling, and inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and proliferation of FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor ty… |
Pan-FGFR Inhibitor LY2874455 |
An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 binds to and inhibits FGFR subtypes 1 (FGFR1), 2 (FGFR2), 3 (FGFR3) and 4 (FGFR4), which results in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and proliferation of FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulate… |
Pan-HER Inhibitor FCN-411 |
An orally bioavailable pan-human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR; HER) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-HER inhibitor FCN-411 targets, binds to and inhibits human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER) EGFR (HER1; ErbB1), HER2 (neu, ErbB-2), HER3 (ErbB-3) and HER4 (ErbB-4), and including EGFR activating and resistance mutations such as EGFR T790M/L858. This inhibits downstream signaling leading to the inhibition of proli… |
pan-HER Kinase Inhibitor AC480 |
An orally bioavailable pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. BMS-599626 inhibits human epidermal growth factor receptors (HER) HER1, HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. (NCI05) |
Panitumumab |
A human IgG2kappa monoclonal antibody specific for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Monoclonal antibody E7.6.3 binds to the EGFR, blocking the binding of epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor alpha to EGFR-expressing cancer cells and ultimately inhibiting EGFR-dependent cell activation and proliferation. (NCI) |
Pan-KRAS Inhibitor BI 1701963 |
An orally available protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor that targets the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-KRAS inhibitor BI 1701963 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound ‘off’ state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. This abrogates the … |
Pan-KRAS Inhibitor PF-07934040 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of KRAS mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-KRAS inhibitor PF-07934040 targets, binds to and inhibits various forms of KRAS mutations, thereby inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling. This inhibits the proliferation of and induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which KRAS is mutated. KRAS plays an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction l… |
Pan-KRAS Inhibitor YL-17231 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of various KRAS mutations, such as the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutations G12C, G12D and G12V, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-KRAS inhibitor YL-17231 targets, binds to and inhibits various forms of KRAS mutations, thereby inhibiting KRAS-dependent signaling. This inhibits the proliferation of and induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which KRAS is mutated. KRAS plays an important role in cell signaling, division and diff… |
Pan-LOX Inhibitor PXS-5505 |
An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of all lysyl oxidases (LOX) family members, with potential antifibrotic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-LOX inhibitor PXS-5505 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of all enzymes in the LOX family. This prevents the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins, including collagen and elastin, and reduces the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine), the formation of inter- and intramo… |
Pan-Mutant-IDH1 Inhibitor Bay-1436032 |
An orally available pan-inhibitor of mutant forms of the metabolic enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble), including forms with mutations of arginine 132 (IDH1(R132)), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-mutant-IDH-1 inhibitor BAY-1436032 specifically inhibits the activity of IDH1 mutant forms, which prevents the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated … |
Pan-mutant-selective PI3K-alpha Inhibitor RLY-2608 |
An orally bioavailable, pan-mutant selective inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-mutant selective PI3K-alpha inhibitor RLY-2608 selectively targets and allosterically binds to PIK3CA mutated forms, thereby preventing the activity of PIK3CA mutants. This prevents mutant PIK3CA-mediated activation of t… |
Pan-mutant-selective PI3K-alpha Inhibitor RLY-5836 |
An orally bioavailable, pan-mutant selective inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha; PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-mutant-selective PI3K-alpha inhibitor RLY-5836 selectively targets and allosterically binds to PIK3CA mutated forms, thereby preventing the activity of PIK3CA mutants. This prevents mutant PIK3CA-mediated activation of t… |
Panobinostat |
A cinnamic hydroxamic acid analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Panobinostat selectively inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), inducing hyperacetylation of core histone proteins, which may result in modulation of cell cycle protein expression, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis. In addition, this agent appears to modulate the expression of angiogenesis-related genes, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1a) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thus … |
Panobinostat Lactate |
The lactate form of panobinostat, a pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, panobinostat selectively targets, binds to and inhibits HDAC, which induces hyperacetylation of core histone proteins. The accumulation of highly acetylated histones leads to chromatin remodeling, an altered pattern of gene expression, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. This results in the … |
Panobinostat Nanoparticle Formulation MTX110 |
A gold nanoparticle (GNP)-based formulation containing panobinostat, a pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral injection of MTX110, panobinostat is released from the formulation and selectively targets, binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), which induces hyperacetylation of core histone proteins. The accumulation of highly acetylated histones leads to chromatin remodeling, an altered pattern of gene expression, inhibitio… |
pan-PI3K Inhibitor CLR457 |
An orally bioavailable pan inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PI3K inhibitor CLR457 inhibits all of the PI3K kinase isoforms, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K. Activation of the PI3K pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. |
pan-PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor SF1126 |
A water soluble, small-molecule prodrug containing the pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor LY294002/SF1101 conjugated to the RGD-containing tetra-peptide SF1174 with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. The targeting peptide SF1174 moiety of pan-PI3K/mTOR inhibitor SF1126 selectively binds to cell surface integrins and, upon cell entry, the agent is hydrolyzed to the active drug SF1101; SF1101 selectively inhibits all isoforms of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and other members of th… |
pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor AZD1208 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pan-PIM kinase inhibitor AZD1208 inhibits the activities of PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, thereby causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. The growth inhibition of several leukemia cell lines by this agent is correlated with the expression levels of PIM1, which … |
pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor GDC-0570 |
An orally available small molecule pan-inhibitor of the PIM serine/threonine kinase family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PIM kinase inhibitor GDC-0570 binds to and prevents the activation of the three PIM family kinases, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases upregulated in various… |
pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor NVP-LGB-321 |
An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-PIM kinase inhibitor NVP-LGB-321 binds to and prevents the activation of the three PIM family kinases, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively … |
pan-RAF Inhibitor JZP815 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-RAF inhibitor JZP815 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of wild-type and mutated forms of Raf, including B-Raf mutations, and B-Raf fusions. This prevents the activation of Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Oncogenic mut… |
Pan-RAF Inhibitor LY3009120 |
An orally available inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor LY3009120 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is o… |
pan-RAF Inhibitor QLH11906 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor QLH11906 binds to and inhibits the activity of Raf, including B-Raf mutated forms such as the B-Raf V600E mutation. This prevents the activation of Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a ke… |
pan-RAF Inhibitor TR128 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-RAF inhibitor TR128 binds to and inhibits the activity of Raf, including the BRAF V600E mutation. This prevents the activation of Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases are critical enzymes in the Ras/R… |
pan-RAF Inhibitor XP-102 |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation inhibitor of all members of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor XP-102 specifically binds to the ATP binding site of the Raf kinase positioned in the inactive DFG-out conformation, and inhibits the activity of Raf, including B-Raf mutated forms such as the B-Raf V600E mutation. This prevents the activation… |
pan-RAF Kinase Inhibitor CCT3833 |
An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase family Raf, including A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pan-RAF kinase inhibitor CCT3833 inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may inhibit the proliferation of Raf-overexpressing tumor cells. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway, which is … |
Pan-RAF/MEK Molecular Glue NST-628 |
An orally bioavailable non-covalent non-degrading pan-RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK) dual molecular glue, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-RAF/MEK molecular glue NST-628 targets and glues A-RAF, B-RAF and C-RAF protein kinases with unphosphorylated MEK1, forming a stable and inactive RAF-MEK complex. This prevents the phosphorylation and activation of MEK by RAF, inhibits the activity of MEK, thereby preventing… |
Pan-RAR Agonist/AP-1 Inhibitor LGD 1550 |
An orally-active synthetic aromatic retinoic acid agent with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. LGD 1550 selectively binds to all three retinoic acid receptors (RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma), resulting in alterations in the expression of genes responsible for cell differentiation and proliferation. This agent also acts as an inhibitor of activator protein 1 (AP-1), a protein that mediates trophic responses and malignant transformation. (NCI04) |
Pan-TEAD Inhibitor ISM6331 |
An orally bioavailable non-covalent small molecule inhibitor of the TEA domain (TEAD) family of transcription factors, including TEAD1, TEAD2, TEAD3 and TEAD4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-TEAD inhibitor ISM6331 reversibly binds to the TEAD palmitoylation site and inhibits TEAD, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD. Thi… |
Pan-TRK Inhibitor ONO-7579 |
An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ONO-7579 specifically targets and binds to TRK and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling pa… |
pan-TRK/ROS1 Dual Inhibitor XZP-5955 |
An orally available dual inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and the tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-TRK/ROS1 dual inhibitor XZP-5955 targets, binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ROS1 and TRK, including fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3… |
Panulisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1) and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, panulisib inhibits the activity of all four kinases. This prevents PI3K/mTOR and ALK-1-mediated signaling pathways and may lead to the inhibition of cancer cell growth in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells and angioge… |
Pan-variant KIT Inhibitor THE-630 |
An orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of the mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pan-variant KIT inhibitor THE-630 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of all known, clinically relevant KIT activating and resistance mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). More specifically, THE-630 inhibits the primary activating mutations d… |
Pan-VEGFR/TIE2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CEP-11981 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Pan-VEGFR/Tie2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor CEP-11981 selectively binds to VEGFR and Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinases, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and survival and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. VEGFR and Tie2 are frequently overexp… |
PAP/PSA-expressing Arenaviral Vectors HB-302/HB-301 |
An alternating, 2-vector replicating arenaviral combination agent composed of two genetically engineered replicating vectors: HB-301, which is based on the arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), and HB-302, which is based on the arenavirus Pichinde virus (PICV), and both expressing the same transgenes encoding for the two prostate cancer-associated antigens prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostate specific antigen (PSA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic a… |
PARG Inhibitor ETX-19477 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of poly (ADP-Ribose) (PAR) glycohydrolase (PARG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARG inhibitor ETX-19477 targets, reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of PARG, thereby inhibiting the hydrolysis of PAR chains by PARG. This attenuates DNA repair and induces mitotic arrest, ultimately leading to apoptosis of cancer cells. PARG, the only enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing PAR chains produced by poly (ADP… |
PARG Inhibitor IDE161 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of poly (ADP-Ribose) (PAR) glycohydrolase (PARG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARG Inhibitor IDE161 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of PARG, thereby inhibiting the hydrolysis of PAR chains by PARG. This attenuates DNA repair and induces mitotic arrest, ultimately leading to apoptosis. PARG, the only enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing PAR chains produced by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, … |
Paricalcitol |
A synthetic noncalcemic, nonphosphatemic vitamin D analogue. Paricalcitol binds to the vitamin D receptor and has been shown to reduce parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. This agent also increases the expression of PTEN (‘Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten’), a tumor-suppressor gene, in leukemic cells and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis and tumor cell differentiation into normal phenotypes. (NCI04) |
PARP 1/2 Inhibitor NOV1401 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NOV1401 selectively binds to PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear pro… |
PARP 1/2 Inhibitor RP12146 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP 1/2 inhibitor RP12146 selectively binds to and inhibits PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-tran… |
PARP 1/2 Inhibitor SC10914 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP 1/2 inhibitor SC10914 selectively binds to and inhibits PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-translational ADP-ri… |
PARP 1/2 Inhibitor TQB3823 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP 1/2 inhibitor TQB3823 selectively binds to and inhibits PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. The PARP family of proteins catalyzes post-tran… |
PARP Inhibitor AZD2461 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. PARP inhibitor AZD2461 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit… |
PARP Inhibitor CEP-9722 |
A small-molecule prodrug of CEP-8983, a novel 4-methoxy-carbazole inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration and conversion from CEP-9722, CEP-8983 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, preventing repair of damaged DNA via base excision repair (BER). This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and apoptosis. CEP-8983 may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-d… |
PARP Inhibitor E7016 |
An inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential chemo- and/or radiosensitizing activity. PARP inhibitor E7016 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. In addition, this agent may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell r… |
PARP Inhibitor NMS-03305293 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PARP inhibitor NMS-03305293 selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear protei… |
PARP/Microtubule Polymerization Inhibitor AMXI-5001 |
An orally bioavailable, dual inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2 and microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP/microtubule polymerization inhibitor AMXI-5001 selectively binds to and inhibits PARP-1 and -2, thereby preventing PARP-1 and -2-mediated DNA repair. This promotes genetic instability and enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks, ultimately leading to apoptosis. I… |
PARP/Tankyrase Inhibitor 2X-121 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, E7449 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of single and double strand DNA breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP 1/2 inhibitor E7449 may enhance the cytotoxici… |
PARP1 Inhibitor AZD9574 |
An orally bioavailable central nervous system (CNS) penetrant and inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor AZD9574 selectively binds to PARP1, thereby preventing repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. AZD9574 may enhance the cytotoxicity o… |
PARP1 Inhibitor GS-0201 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor GS-0201 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP1, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP1 catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of… |
PARP1 Inhibitor HRS-1167 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor HRS-1167 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP1, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP1 catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribos… |
PARP1 Inhibitor HS-10502 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor HS-10502 selectively binds to and blocks the activity of PARP1, thereby preventing repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. HS-10502 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging… |
PARP1 Inhibitor IMP1734 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor IMP1734 selectively binds to and blocks the activity of PARP1, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP1 catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of n… |
PARP1 Inhibitor SNV1521 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PARP1 inhibitor SNV1521 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of PARP1, thereby preventing the repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. PARP1 catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosy… |
PARP-1/2 Inhibitor ABT-767 |
An orally available inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ABT-767 selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2, thereby preventing repair of damaged DNA via the base excision repair (BER) pathway. This agent enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability eventually leading to apoptosis. ABT-767 may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell chem… |
Parsaclisib |
An inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition of PI3K-delta is designed to preserve PI3K si… |
Parsaclisib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of parsaclisib, an inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsaclisib inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in hematopoietic disease and cell lineages. The targeted inhibition o… |
Parsatuzumab |
A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor-like domain multiple 7 (EGFL7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Parsatuzumab binds to EGFL7, thereby preventing the activities of EGFL7 on endothelial cells and inhibiting the survival and migration of endothelial cells during angiogenesis. EGFL7, a vascular-restricted extracellular matrix protein which is upregulated during angiogenesis and which regulates vascular development, may be overexpressed on th… |
Partially HLA-matched Multiple TAA-specific Allogeneic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of partially human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched allogeneic T-lymphocytes targeting multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, partially HLA-matched multiple TAA-specific allogeneic T-lymphocytes target and kill tumor cells expressing these TAAs. |
Parvovirus H-1 |
A replication-competent oncolytic parvovirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infection of host cells, parvovirus H-1 preferentially replicates in tumor cells compared to healthy normal cells, thereby potentially resulting in tumor cell lysis and leading to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. In addition, H1-infected tumor cells strongly induce the release of the inducible heat shock protein 72 (Hsp72i), which chaperone tumor associated antigens in the H1-mediated tumor lys… |
Pasifolate Exatecan |
A conjugate composed of folic acid analogs and exatecans covalently bound by linkers to the ultrasmall silica-based nanoparticle carrier C’Dot, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pasifolate exatecan targets and binds to the human folate receptor 1 (FOLR1; FR-alpha) on FR-alpha-expressing tumor cells. Upon internalization, the camptothecin analog exatecan is released via proteolytic cleavage of the linker and inhibits DNA topoisomerase 1 activity, thereby inhibiting D… |
Pasotuxizumab |
A recombinant T-cell engaging bispecific monoclonal antibody (BiTE) directed against human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and the CD3 epsilon subunit of the T cell receptor complex, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Pasotuxizumab possesses two antigen-recognition sites, one for PSMA, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T cell receptor (TCR). This bispecific monoclonal antibody brings PSMA-expressi… |
Pasritamig |
A T-cell redirecting agent and humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 bispecific antibody targeting both human kallikrein-2 (hK2; KLK2) expressed on tumor cells and the CD3 receptor complex expressed on T-cells, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, pasritamig binds to both CD3 on T-cells and KLK2 on KLK2-expressing tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage activates and redirects T-cells to KLK2-expressing tumor cells. This results in T-cel… |
Patidegib |
An orally bioavailable, cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Specifically, patidegib binds to and inhibits the cell membrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor SMO, which may result in the suppression of Hh pathway signaling and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and survival. SMO is activated upon binding of Hh ligand to the cell surface receptor Patched (PTCH); inappropriate activation of Hh signaling and uncontrolled cellul… |
Patidegib Topical Gel |
A topical gel containing patidegib, a cyclopamine-derived inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application of the patidegib gel, patidegib binds to and inhibits the activity of the G-protein coupled receptor smoothened (SMO), thereby inhibiting Hh pathway signaling. This decreases proliferation and survival in tumor cells in which the Hh pathway is overactivated. Upregulated Hh signaling is associated with uncontrolled tumor cell prolife… |
Patient-derived WT1/PRAME/Survivin-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically reactive to the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) human Wilms tumor protein (WT1), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME, melanoma antigen preferentially expressed in tumors; Opa-interacting protein 4), and survivin (baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon collection, expansion, and stimulation with antigen presenting cells pulsed with an overlapping peptid… |
Patritumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the membrane-bound receptor HER3 (ERBB3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Patritumab binds to and inhibits HER3 activation, which may result in inhibition of HER3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and so inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. HER3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, lung, and colorectal… |
Patritumab Deruxtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of patritumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor HER3 (ErbB3),linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor DX 8951, a semisynthetic, water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of patritumab deruxtecan, the patritumab moiety targets and binds to HER3. After internalization, DX 8951 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the complex between to… |
Patupilone |
A compound isolated from the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum. Similar to paclitaxel, patupilone induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization conditions. In addition to promoting tubulin polymerization and stabilization of microtubules, this agent is cytotoxic for cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein, a characteristic that distinguishes it from the taxanes. Patupilone may cause complete cell-cycle arrest. |
Pavunalimab |
An Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3; LAG-3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, bavunalimab targets and binds to both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Both CTLA-4 and LAG-3 are inhibitory receptors and mem… |
Pavurutamab |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pavurutamab, this bispecific antibody binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tu… |
Paxalisib |
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. paxalisib specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumo… |
Pazopanib |
A small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated. |
Pazopanib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a small molecule inhibitor of multiple protein tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Pazopanib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR)-1, -2 and -3, c-kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis in tumors in which these receptors are upregulated. |
pBCAR3 Phosphopeptide-tetanus Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a phosphorylated peptide from the tumor associated antigen breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance-3 (BCAR3) and a tetanus-derived peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pBCAR3 phosphopeptide-tetanus peptide vaccine, the pBCAR3 phosphopeptide may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against phosphopeptide-containing tumor cells. The tetanus peptide serves as an immunoadjuvant a… |
pBCAR3/pIRS2-Phosphopeptide-tetanus Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of phosphorylated peptides from the tumor associated antigens breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance-3 (BCAR3) and insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS2) and a tetanus-derived peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pBCAR3/pIRS2 phosphopeptide-tetanus peptide vaccine, the pBCAR3/pIRS2 phosphopeptide may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing either phosph… |
pbi-shRNA STMN1 Lipoplex |
A proprietary RNA interference construct consisting of bifunctional short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) against human stathmin 1 (STMN1) encapsulated in the cationic bilamellar invaginated vesicle lipoplex (LP) with potential antineoplastic activity. pbi-shRNA STMN1 LP contains 2 stem-loop structures encoded by a plasmid vector. Upon intratumoral administration, one shRNA unit with a perfectly matched sequence renders the suppression of STMN1 mRNA translation (mRNA sequestration and cleavage-independe… |
PBTL CD19CAR-28/CD137/zeta |
Peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (PBTLs) transduced with a retroviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) coupled to the costimulatory signaling domain CD28, the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, PBTL CD19CAR-28/CD137zeta directs the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells and indu… |
P-cadherin Antagonist PF-03732010 |
An agent that inhibits P-cadherin (cdh3), with potential antineoplastic activity. PF-03732010 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit tumor cell invasion and proliferation in p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of solid tumors, and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion and proliferation. |
P-cadherin Inhibitor PCA062 |
An agent that inhibits p-cadherin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PCA062 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin. Inhibition of the activity of p-cadherin may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation. |
P-cadherin-targeting Agent PF-06671008 |
An agent that targets p-cadherin (CDH3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PF-06671008 binds to and inhibits the activity of p-cadherin; this may inhibit both invasion and proliferation of p-cadherin expressing tumor cells. P-cadherin, a cell-surface protein and member of the cadherin family, is overexpressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and proliferation. |
PCNA Inhibitor AOH1996 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), with potential chemo-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PCNA inhibitor AOH1996 penetrates cells and targets and binds to PCNA, preventing the binding of PCNA’s interacting proteins to PCNA. This disrupts the interactions between PCNA and these proteins and may result in DNA replication stress and inhibition of DNA repair, which may enhance the efficacy of some antin… |
PCNU |
A chloroethylnitrosourea compound and an alkylating agent with antineoplastic property. PCNU inhibits DNA synthesis by alkylating DNA and causing DNA cross links, thereby inducing apoptosis. In addition, this agent may be associated with pulmonary, hepatic, and hematologic toxicities. Unlike other nitrosoureas, PCNU has strong alkylating while weak carbamoylating activity. |
PD-1 Directed Probody CX-188 |
A probody composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1-directed probody CX-188, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associated proteas… |
PD-1 Targeted IL-15 Mutein Fusion Protein PF-07209960 |
A fusion protein composed of a moiety targeting the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) fused to a mutein of the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1 targeted IL-15 mutein fusion protein PF-07209960, the PD-1 targeting moiety specifically targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. Thi… |
PD-1 Targeted IL-2 Mutein Fusion Protein KY-0118 |
A fusion protein comprised of a human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279)-targeting moiety linked to an interleukin-2 (IL-2) mutein, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1-targeted IL-2 mutein fusion protein KY-0118, the PD-1 targeting moiety targets and binds to PD-1 expressed on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits PD-1-mediated downregulation of T-cell activatio… |
PD-1 targeted IL-2Rb/g Agonist ANV600 |
A bispecific antibody composed of a fusion protein comprised of a monoclonal antibody against the IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2Ra; CD25) binding-site on IL-2 fused to the cytokine IL-2 and an antibody arm against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of PD-1 targeted IL-2Rb/g agonist ANV600, the anti-PD-1 binding moiety targets and binds… |
PD-1-positive B-cell Peptide Antigen/MVF IMU-201/Montanide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of the fusion peptide IMU-201, composed of the B-cell epitope APi2568 (amino acids 92-110) derived from the extracellular domain (ECD) of the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), linked to a promiscuous T-cell epitope derived from measles virus fusion protein (MVF; amino acid residues 288-302) via a 4-amino acid linker (Gly-Pro-Ser-Leu), and combined with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 720, with poten… |
PDCD-1 Knockout Autologous T-lymphocytes |
A population of engineered autologous T-lymphocytes in which the gene encoding for the programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD-1) is deleted, with potential immunomodulating activity. Following collection of peripheral blood lymphocytes and selection of T-cells, the PDCD-1 gene was knocked out and the T-cells were expanded. Upon reinfusion of the PDCD-1 knockout T-lymphocytes, these T-cells target and lyse cancer cells. The PDCD-1 protein, found on activated T-cells and often overexpressed on T… |
PDGFR alpha/KIT Mutant-specific Inhibitor NB003 |
The tosylate salt form of NB003, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of specific mutated forms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR alpha; PDGFRa) and mast/stem cell factor receptor c-Kit (SCFR; CD117), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PDGFR alpha/KIT mutant-specific inhibitor NB003 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits specific mutant forms of PDGFRa and c-Kit. This results in the inhibition of PDGFRa- and c-Kit-mediated signal transduct… |
PDK1 Inhibitor AR-12 |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, celecoxib-derived inhibitor of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Devoid of any COX inhibiting activity, PDK1 inhibitor AR-12 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK-1).; subsequently, the phosphorylation and activation of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B or PKB) is inhibited, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling p… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor ABSK043 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1 inhibitor ABSK043 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, leading to internalization and preventing the binding to and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; pr… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor AN4005 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1 inhibitor AN4005 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing the binding of PD-L1 to and subsequent activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor BPI-371153 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1 inhibitor BPI-371153 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing the binding to and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1)… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor GS-4224 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor GS-4224 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell i… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB086550 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PD-L1 inhibitor INCB086550 specifically targets PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This reverses T-cell inactivati… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB099280 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1 inhibitor INCB099280 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing the binding to and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1)… |
PD-L1 Inhibitor INCB099318 |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1 inhibitor INCB099318 specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, thereby preventing the binding and subsequent activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279; programmed death-1). This… |
PD-L1 Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a peptide derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and immune checkpoint molecule programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with PD-L1 peptide vaccine may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against PD-L1-expressing cells. This may increase and restore the proliferation and activation of various immune cells, including cy… |
PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA Trispecific Fusion Protein NM21-1480 |
A recombinant, trispecific monovalent antibody-based molecule targeting the human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) and human serum albumin (HSA), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. PD-L1/4-1BB/HSA trispecific fusion protein NM21-1480 consists of three monovalent antibody Fvs specific for PD-L1, HSA and 4-1BB fused in a single chain. Upon administration, PD-L1/4-1BB… |
PD-L1/IDO Peptide Vaccine IO102-103 |
A peptide vaccine composed of IO103, a peptide vaccine derived from the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), IO102, the 21-mer peptide vaccine derived from the immunomodulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), and the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the PD-L1/IDO peptide vaccine IO102-103 may activate the immune system to induce an immune response against PD-L1 and IDO… |
PD-L1/PD-L2 Peptide-Montanide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of peptides derived from the immune checkpoint molecules, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2), combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with PD-L1/PD-L2 peptide-montanide vaccine may stimulate an immune response against PD-L1 and PD-L2 expressing cells. This may enhance T-cell proliferation, cytokine production, and T-cell mediated cytolysis. Binding of p… |
PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA Antagonist CA-170 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the immune checkpoint regulatory proteins programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1; B7-H1; CD274), PD-L2, and V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA antagonist CA-170 targets and binds to PD-L1, PD-L2 and VISTA. This inhibits PD-L1/PD-L2/VISTA-media… |
PD-L2 Peptide-Montanide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a peptide derived from the immune checkpoint molecule programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with PD-L2 peptide-montanide vaccine may mount an immune response against PD-L2 expressing cells. This may enhance T-cell proliferation, cytokine production, and T-cell mediated cytolysis. PD-L2 binding to its cognate receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (… |
pDNA-encoding Emm55 Autologous Cancer Cell Vaccine IFx-Hu2.0 |
A whole cell cancer vaccine composed of irradiated autologous whole tumor cells that are transfected, ex vivo, with a plasmid DNA encoding the highly immunogenic Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) bacterial antigen Emm55, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration of IFx-Hu2.0, the tumor cells expressing the Emm55 bacterial antigen on their cell surface are taken up and processed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby presenting bo… |
PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL Fusion Protein/GPI-0100 TVGV-1 |
A fusion protein consisting of a peptide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 nuclear protein and fused to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (PE) and a endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal (KDEL), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PE/HPV16 E7/KDEL fusion protein TVGV-1, the PE moiety binds to CD91 (LRP1) expressed on a variety of cells, including antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), which facilitates the internalization, … |
Pebezertinib |
An orally bioavailable, central nervous system (CNS) penetrating, mutant-selective covalent inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion (Ex20ins) activating mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pebezertinib selectively targets, irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR Ex20ins and some other oncogenic point mutations. This prevents EGFR Ex20ins-mediated signaling. This may induce cell death and inhibit tumor grow… |
Pegargiminase |
An agent consisting of the arginine-degrading enzyme arginine deiminase combined with polyethylene glycol (20,000 MW) (ADI-PEG 20) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pegargiminase breaks down the amino acid arginine into citrulline. Although arginine is a nonessential amino acid for normal human cells, certain cancer cells are autotrophic for arginine and need arginine in order to survive. Depletion of arginine may lead to an inhibition of cellular proliferation in t… |
Pegaspargase |
A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with L-asparaginase. Asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia, thereby depleting these cells of asparagine and blocking protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation, especially in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The agent also induces apoptosis in tumor cells. Pegylation decreases the enzyme’s antigenicity. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in leukemic cells, which cannot synthesize this amino acid due to the… |
Pegcrisantaspase |
A recombinant, pegylated form of Erwinia asparaginase (crisantaspase), derived from the bacterium Erwinia chrysanthemi and genetically engineered to be produced in Pseudomonas fluorescens, with potential antineoplastic activity. Recombinant Erwinia asparaginase hydrolyzes L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. This depletes cancer cells of asparagine, which blocks protein synthesis and tumor cell proliferation. Asparagine is critical to protein synthesis in cancer cells, which cannot sy… |
Pegdinetanib |
A pegylated form of a thermostable and protease resistant peptide targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) with potential antiangiogenic activity. Derived from the 10th type III domain of human fibronectin and one of the natural ligands, pegdinetanib binds to VEGFR-2 and prevents activation of VEGFR-2 by other activating ligands. This may inhibit the growth of new tumor blood vessels. |
Pegenzileukin |
A pegylated recombinant, engineered variant of cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2; IL2) where novel amino acid is encoded in the IL-2 gene that is leveraged for use in site-specific pegylation, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of pegenzileukin, the IL-2 variant moiety binds to dimers containing the IL-2 receptor beta and gamma chains (IL2Rbg; IL2Rbetagamma) on immune cells, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, thereby activating these c… |
Pegilodecakin |
A covalent conjugate of recombinant human interleukin-10 (IL-10) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, pegilodecakin may activate cell-mediated immunity against cancer cells by stimulating the differentiation and expansion of tumor specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. This agent may also lower serum cholesterol levels and reduce atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting the synt… |
Peginterferon Alfa-2a |
A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alfa, subtype 2a, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2a protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interf… |
Peginterferon Alfa-2b |
A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 2b, and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha-2b protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of inte… |
PEG-interleukin-2 |
A complex of polyethylene glycol conjugated with human recombinant cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) with antineoplastic activity. PEG-interleukin-2 induces natural killer (NK) cell activity and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and enhances T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Pegylation of IL-2 protects the cytokine from degradation. (NCI04) |
PEG-modified/Site-mutated IL-2 SHR-1916 |
A polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified and site-mutated form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PEG-modified/site-mutated IL-2 SHR-1916 activates the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. This induces the selective proliferation of CD8+ T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, enhances tumor cell killing and decreases tumor cell proliferation. Pegylation… |
PEG-PEI-cholesterol Lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA Plasmid Vector IMNN-001 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of a non-viral plasmid DNA vector encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) encapsulated in a biodegradable, biocompatible lipoplex composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethylenimine (PEI), and cholesterol, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of the PEG-PEI-cholesterol lipopolymer-encased IL-12 DNA plasmid vector IMNN-001, the lipoplex is endocytosed by nearby… |
Pegsitacianine |
A micellar polymer tracer labeled with the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging dye indocyanine green (ICG), with potential fluorescent imaging activity. Upon administration, pegsitacianine accumulates in tumor tissue. The micelles dissociate and subsequently fluoresce upon exposure to the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), allowing the visualization of tumors using infrared-based cameras. |
Pegtomarginase |
A genetically modified form of human enzyme arginase (ARG) site-specifically linked with a linear 20 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential arginine depleting and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of pegtomarginase, arginase metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, thereby lowering blood arginine levels. This normalizes blood arginine levels in patients with arginase deficiency and prevents hyperargininemia. As many cancer types lack the abili… |
Pegvisomant |
A pegylated, recombinant, human growth hormone (GH) structural analog with GH receptor antagonist activity. As a GH analog, the structure of pegvisomant is similar to that of native GH with the exception of 9 amino acid substitutions. Pegvisomant selectively binds to GH receptors on cell surfaces, interfering with endogenous GH receptor binding and so GH signal transduction. Inhibition of GH signal transduction results in decreased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I),… |
Pegvorhyaluronidase Alfa |
A pegylated formulation of a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. Upon intravenous administration, pegvorhyaluronidase alfa degrades hyaluronic acid (HA) coating tumor cells, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, the degradation of HA may result in a lowering of the interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), allowing better penetration of chemotherapeutic agents into the tumor bed. HA is a glycosaminoglycan found in the extracellul… |
Pegylated CD25/CD122-selective Interleukin-2 Mutein STK-012 |
A pegylated, engineered variant form of the human cytokine interleukin 2 (IL-2; IL2), with selective binding affinity for IL-2 receptor subunit alpha (IL-2Ralpha; CD25) and beta (IL-2Rbeta; CD122), with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pegylated CD25/CD122-selective IL-2 mutein STK-012 targets and binds to CD25 and CD122 on antigen-activated effector T-cells and activates CD25/CD122-mediated signaling. This activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs)… |
Pegylated Deoxycytidine Analogue DFP-14927 |
A pegylated formulation containing DFP-10917, an analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the pegylated deoxycytidine analogue DFP-14927 is incorporated into the DNA of rapidly proliferating cells, such as tumor cells, and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which results in the inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Pegylated IL-2 8MW2311 |
A polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pegylated IL-2 8MW2311 activates the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. This induces the proliferation of CD8+ T-cells, enhances tumor cell killing and decreases tumor cell proliferation. Pegylation of IL-2 protects the cytokine from degradation. |
Pegylated Interferon Alfa |
A covalent conjugate of recombinant interferon alpha and polyethylene glycol (PEG), used as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. The biological activity of this agent is derived from its interferon alpha protein moiety. Interferons alfa bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The PEG moiety lowers the clearance of interferon alpha, t… |
Pegylated Liposomal Belotecan |
A sterically stabilized, pegylated liposomal formulation containing belotecan, a semi-synthetic analogue of campthotecin with potential antitumor activity. Belotecan inhibits the action of topoisomerase I, an enzyme that produces reversible single-strand breaks in DNA during DNA replication. This agent stabilizes the topoisomerase I and DNA complex, resulting in the inhibition of religation of DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptotic cell death. The polyethylene glycol coating… |
Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride |
A liposome-encapsulated preparation of the hydrochloride salt of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Doxorubicin intercalates between DNA base pairs, thereby hinders the movement of replication machinery along DNA strands, as well as blocks the activity of topoisomerase II during replication. As a result, this agent causes DNA adducts formation, renders single- and double-stranded DNA breakages that induce DNA repair and or apoptotic processes. Doxorubicin also generates … |
Pegylated Liposomal Irinotecan |
A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified liposomes encapsulating the semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin irinotecan, with antineoplastic activity. As a prodrug, irinotecan is converted to the biologically active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) by a carboxylesterase-converting enzyme. In turn, SN-38 inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the cleavable complex of topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks. This results in an inhibition of DNA r… |
Pegylated Liposomal Mitomycin C Lipid-based Prodrug |
A pegylated liposomal formulation comprised of a lipophilic prodrug of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C containing a cleavable disulfide bond (PL-MLP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the pegylated liposomal mitomycin C lipid-based prodrug, the MLP moiety becomes activated upon thiolysis at the tumor site, thereby releasing mitomycin C. Bioreduced mitomycin C generates oxygen radicals, alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inh… |
Pegylated Liposomal Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride |
A pegylated liposomal mitoxantrone formulation composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the anthracenedione antibiotic mitoxantrone encapsulated within pegylated small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, mitoxantrone intercalates into and forms crosslinks with DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, which both results in DNA strand breaks and prevents DNA synthesis. This lea… |
Pegylated Liposomal Nanoparticle-based Docetaxel Prodrug MNK-010 |
A formulation containing pegylated liposomal nanoparticles encapsulating a prodrug of the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the liposomal docetaxel prodrug MNK-010, docetaxel is slowly released into the systemic circulation and accumulates at the tumor site due to the unique characteristics of the tumor’s vasculature. In turn, docetaxel is taken up by tumor cells, and subsequently binds t… |
Pegylated Orthogonal IL-2 STK-009 |
A polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated mutein form of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential and specific activity on enhancing proliferation, survival and anti-tumor activity of engineered orthoIL-2Rb-expressing CAR T-cells. Upon subcutaneous administration, pegylated orthogonal (ortho) IL-2 STK-009 specifically targets and binds to mutated orthoIL-2Rbeta (hoRbeta; hoRb) that is specifically expressed on certain engineered CAR T-cells. This induces selective proliferation, surviva… |
Pegylated Paclitaxel |
A formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated paclitaxel, a compound extracted from the Pacific yew tree Taxus brevifolia, with antineoplastic activity. Paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with the dynamics of microtubule assembly/disassembly and resulting in the inhibition of cell division. This agent also induces apoptosis by binding to and blocking the function of the apoptosis inhibitor protein B-cell Leukemia 2 (Bcl-2). Compared to paclitaxel… |
Pegylated Recombinant Human Arginase I BCT-100 |
A recombinant human arginase I (liver arginase) covalently attached, via a succinamide propionic acid (SPA) linker, to a polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 5,000 [rhArg-peg(5,000mw)] with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of pegylated recombinant human arginase I BCT-100, arginase metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, depleting intracellular arginine, which may inhibit proliferation of cells that are auxotrophic for arginine suc… |
Pegylated SN-38 Conjugate PLX038 |
A pegylated conjugate of SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biologically active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the proprietary linker slowly releases SN-38 from the pegylated SN-38 conjugate PLX038. SN-38 binds to and inhibits topoisomerase I by stabilizing the cleavable complex between topoisomerase I and DNA, resulting in DNA breaks, inhibition of DNA replication, and apoptosis. Compared with irinotecan, this formul… |
Pegylated TOP1 Inhibitor PEEL-224 |
A pegylated camptothecin derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of pegylated TOP1 inhibitor PEEL-224, camptothecin reaches the tumor cells and selectively stabilizes covalent topoisomerase I-DNA complexes, which results in single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, the inhibition of DNA replication, and the induction of apoptosis. Pegylation allows for increases in half-life and the exposure time for tumor cells, while decreasing both blood plasma concent… |
Pegzilarginase |
A recombinant modified form of the human enzyme arginase 1 (ARG1), in which cobalt is substituted for manganese as a cofactor, covalently attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential arginine degrading and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of pegzilarginase, ARG1 metabolizes the amino acid arginine to ornithine and urea, thereby lowering blood arginine levels. This normalizes blood arginine levels in patients with ARG1 deficiency and prevents hyperargininemia… |
Pelabresib |
The hydrated form of pelabresib, a small molecule inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pelabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may… |
Pelabresib Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of pelabresib, a small molecule inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pelabresib binds to the acetylated lysine recognition motifs on the bromodomain of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histone peptides. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes ma… |
Pelareorep |
An isolate of the oncolytic, human wild-type serotype 3 Dearing (T3D) strain of the double-stranded RNA virus reovirus (Respiratory Enteric Orphan virus), with potential oncolytic activity. Upon administration, pelareorep is able to replicate specifically in cancer cells bearing an activated Ras pathway. This induces apoptosis in Ras-activated tumor cells and subsequently frees progeny viral particles to infect, replicate in and induce cell death of surrounding cancer cells. In addition, vira… |
Peldesine |
A pyrimidine analogue and purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor with immunosuppressive and antineoplastic properties. Peldesine inhibits purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) that plays a pivotal role in T-cell proliferation and is responsible for the catalysis of the reversible phosphorolytic cleavage of purine ribonucleosides and 2’-deoxyribonucleosides. Inhibition of PNP results in accumulation of dGTP and the subsequent failure of DNA synthesis. This agent maybe used in T-cell related… |
Pelitinib |
A 3-cyanoquinoline pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pelitinib irreversibly binds covalently to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) ErbB-1, -2 and -4, thereby inhibiting receptor phosphorylation and signal transduction and resulting in apoptosis and suppression of proliferation in tumor cells that overexpress these receptors. |
Pelitrexol |
A water soluble antifolate with anti-proliferative activity. Pelitrexol inhibits activity of glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT), the first folate-dependent enzyme of the de novo purine synthesis pathway essential for cell proliferation. Enzyme inhibition reduces the purine nucleotides pool required for DNA replication and RNA transcription. As a result, this agent causes cell cycle arrest in S-phase, and ultimately inhibits tumor cell proliferation |
Peluntamig |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of peluntamig, the anti-DLL3 moiety selectively targets and binds to DLL3 on DLL3-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to DLL3-expressing tumor cells. The CD47 binding by PT217 blocks the interaction o… |
Pembrolizumab |
A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 antibody directed against human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1 or programmed cell death-1) with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pembrolizumab binds to PD-1, an inhibitory signaling receptor expressed on the surface of activated T cells, and blocks the binding to and activation of PD-1 by its ligands, which results in the activation of T-cell-mediated immune responses agains… |
Pembrolizumab/Quavonlimab MK-1308A |
A combination formulation containing fixed doses of the two monoclonal antibodies pembrolizumab and quavonlimab, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pembrolizumab/quavonlimab MK-1308A, pembrolizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1 or programmed cell death-1), targets and binds to PD-1, an inhibitory signaling receptor expressed on the surface of activated T cells, and… |
Pemetrexed |
A synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), which catalyses the methylation of 2’-deoxyuridine-5’-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2’-deoxythymidine-5’-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis. |
Pemetrexed Disodium |
The disodium salt of a synthetic pyrimidine-based antifolate. Pemetrexed binds to and inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) which catalyses the methylation of 2’-deoxyuridine-5’-monophosphate (dUMP) to 2’-deoxythymidine-5’-monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor in DNA synthesis. |
Pemigatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Pemigatinib binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-related signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cellular proliferation, migration, and surv… |
Pemlimogene Merolisbac |
A proprietary, live-attenuated, double-deleted (LADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) epidermal growth factor receptor mutant form EGFRvIII and human mesothelin, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes encoding EGFRvIII-mesothelin vaccine Pemlimogene merolisbac is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), includi… |
Pemrametostat |
An orally available, selective small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not been completely determined, pemrametostat binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 following oral administration and inhibits its methyltransferase activity, which decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 and modul… |
Penberol |
A derivative of bromoacrylic acid with cytostatic activity. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, penberol might inhibit tumor growth mediated through inhibition of the cell energetic metabolism. |
Penclomedine |
A synthetic derivative of pyrimidine with antineoplastic activity. Penclomedine alkylates and crosslinks DNA, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent is more active against tumor cells that are defective in p53 function. (NCI04) |
Penicillamine |
A beta dimethyl analog of the amino acid cysteine. As a degradation product of penicillin antibiotics, penicillamine chelates with heavy metals and increases their urinary excretion. Possessing antineoplastic properties, penicillamine induces apoptosis by a p53-mediated mechanism and inhibits angiogenesis by chelating with copper, a cofactor for angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Penpulimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, penpulimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglob… |
Pentamethylmelamine |
A principal metabolite of hexamethylmelamine with antineoplastic activity. Pentamethylmelamine alkylates DNA and other macromolecules and forms DNA intrastrand and DNA-protein crosslinks, thereby preventing DNA replication. (NCI04) |
Pentamustine |
A (2-chloroethy1)nitrosourea compound with antineoplastic activity. Petamustine was never marketed. |
Pentavalent KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A pentavalent vaccine comprised of the epitope antigens of the ganglioside lactones GD2L and GD3L, Globo H hexasaccharide 1 (Globo H), fucosyl GM1 and N-propionylated polysialic acid conjugated with the immunostimulant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with the pentavalent KLH conjugate vaccine may induce production of IgG and IgM antibodies as well as an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor… |
Pentostatin |
A purine nucleotide analogue antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces antibioticus. Also known as 2’-deoxycoformycin, pentostatin binds to and inhibits adenine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme essential to purine metabolism; ADA activity is greatest in cells of the lymphoid system with T-cells having higher activity than B-cells and T-cell malignancies higher ADA activity than B-cell malignancies. Pentostatin inhibition of ADA appears to result in elevated intracellular levels of dATP wh… |
Pentoxifylline |
A methylxanthine derivative with hemorrheologic and immunomodulating properties. Pentoxifylline inhibits phosphodiesterase, resulting in increased levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in erythrocytes, endothelium, and the surrounding tissues. This leads to vasodilation, improves erythrocyte flexibility, and enhances blood flow. In addition, the increased level of cAMP in platelets inhibits platelet aggregation, which may contribute to a reduction in blood viscosity. This agent also… |
PEOX-based Polymer Encapsulated Paclitaxel FID-007 |
A nanoparticle-based formulation composed of the poorly water-soluble paclitaxel encapsulated within branched polymers composed of polyethyloxazoline (PEOX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon injection of the PEOX-based polymer encapsulated paclitaxel FID-007, the nanoparticles accumulate at the tumor site, due to the unique characteristics of the tumor vasculature, while avoiding normal, healthy tissue. Once the paclitaxel is released, it binds to tubulin inside tumor cells and in… |
PEP-3-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of PEP-3, a synthetic peptide encompassing a tumor-specific mutated segment of the epidermal growth factor receptor type vIII (EGFRvIII), conjugated to the naturally-occurring immunoadjuvant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PEP-3-KLH conjugate vaccine may induce a cytotoxic immune response against tumor cells that overexpress EGFRvIII; this antitumoral immune response may involve an… |
PEP-CMV Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine derived from cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens with potential immunostimulating activity. Intradermal administration of the PEP-CMV vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a specific helper and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CMV-infected tumor cells. Infection with the herpesvirus CMV may play a significant role in tumor cell initiation and progression as well as chemoresistance. |
Pepinemab |
A humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody against the semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D; CD100) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pepinemab binds to and neutralizes SEMA4D, thereby preventing binding of SEMA4D to its receptor plexin-B1 (PLXNB1). By blocking the interaction of SEMA4D and PLXNB1, pepinemab may cause an inhibition of endothelial cell activation and migration, eventually leading to an inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. Semaph… |
Peplomycin |
A semisynthetic analog of Bleomycin, a mixture of several basic glycopeptide antineoplastic antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces verticillus. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04) |
Peplomycin Sulfate |
The sulfate salt of the bleomycin analogue peplomycin. Peplomycin forms complexes with iron that reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and hydroxyl radicals that cause single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA. This agent appears to show greater antitumor activity than bleomycin; its use is limited due to pulmonary toxicity. (NCI04) |
Peposertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) with potential antineoplastic activity, and potential sensitizing and enhancing activities for both chemo- and radiotherapies. Upon administration, peposertib binds to and inhibits the activity of DNA-PK, thereby interfering with the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) process and preventing repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) caused by ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic treatment. This increases chemo- and radi… |
Peptichemio |
A mixture of six synthetic oligopeptides in which the peptides are conjugated to metamelphalan, with alkylating and potential antineoplastic activity. Peptichemio causes crosslinking of DNA, thereby preventing DNA replication and eventually cellular proliferation. |
Peptide 946 Melanoma Vaccine |
A melanoma peptide vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 melanoma vaccine contains one of the peptide sequences for a melanoma-specific epitope that is recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). This vaccine contains a peptide sequence homologous to the native epitope and is often formulated with an adjuvant such as QS-21 or Montanide ISA-51 to boost its immune stimulation. Vaccination with peptide 946 vaccine may produce antibodies as well as elicit … |
Peptide 946-Tetanus Peptide Conjugate Melanoma Vaccine |
A melanoma peptide vaccine complexed with tetanus toxoid with potential antineoplastic activity. Peptide 946 contains a melanoma-specific epitope recognized by melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In addition to the peptide 946 sequence, this vaccine contains tetanus toxin, a protein known to stimulate the induction of CD4+ T lymphocytes; it thereby enhances antigen processing and presentation. Vaccination with the peptide 946-tetanus conjugate melanoma vaccine may produce antibod… |
Peptide-drug Conjugate OPD5 |
A peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to an as of yet undisclosed alkylating agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PDC OPD5 is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the alkylating agent, thereby allowing for specific accumulation of the agent in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. This may result in the inhibition of DNA and/or RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor… |
Perenostobart |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, perenostobart specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase in the extracellular levels of imm… |
Peretinoin |
An orally available, acyclic retinoid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Peretinoin binds to and activates nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RAR), which in turn recruit coactivator proteins and promote, with other transcriptional complexes, the transcription of target genes. As a result, this agent may modulate the expression of genes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis of both normal and tumor cells. |
Perflenapent Emulsion |
An oil-in-water nano-emulsion composed of the perfluorocarbon perflenapent, that has oxygen-carrying capacity, can be used as a contrast agent and has potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Upon intravenous administration of the perflenapent emulsion, this agent increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, enhances the transport of oxygen to hypoxic and ischemic tissues and increases the oxygen concentration in these tissues. Hypoxic tumors are correlated with increased re… |
Perfosfamide |
The active metabolite of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide with potent antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Perfosfamide alkylates DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Perifosine |
An orally active alkyl-phosphocholine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Targeting cellular membranes, perifosine modulates membrane permeability, membrane lipid composition, phospholipid metabolism, and mitogenic signal transduction, resulting in cell differentiation and inhibition of cell growth. This agent also inhibits the anti-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and modulates the balance between the MAPK and pro-apoptotic stress-activated protein kin… |
Perillyl Alcohol |
A naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
PERK Inhibitor HC-5404-FU |
The hemifumarate salt form of HC-5404, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3; EIF2AK3; PEK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of PERK inhibitor HC-5404-FU, HC-5404 inhibits the activity of PERK. This prevents the activation of the PERK pathway and inhibits unfolded protein response (UPR) stress adaptation, which may… |
PERK Inhibitor NMS-03597812 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3; EIF2AK3; PEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PERK inhibitor NMS-03597812 inhibits the activity of PERK. This prevents the activation of the PERK pathway and inhibits unfolded protein response (UPR) stress adaptation, which may lead to tumor cell apoptosis and the inhibition… |
Personalized ALL-specific Multi-HLA-binding Peptide Vaccine |
An individualized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of three to five human leukocyte antigen (HLA) binding tumor-specific peptides obtained from the autologous mutated proteins from the tumor cells of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal administration of the personalized multi-HLA-binding peptide vaccine, the peptides may induce a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the pe… |
Personalized and Adjusted Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine PANDA-VAC |
A peptide-based, personalized cancer therapeutic vaccine consisting of up to 8 patient-specific tumor peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor and identified through DNA and RNA sequencing of a patient’s tumor cells, combined with the immunostimulant polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized with polylysine and carboxymethylcellulose (poly-ICLC), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, personalized and adjusted neoantigen p… |
Personalized Cancer Neoantigen Vaccine GAd-PEV |
A personalized neoantigen priming vaccine comprised of a great ape (gorilla) adenoviral (GAd) vector encoding numerous patient-specific tumor neoantigens, which are identified based on patient-specific tumor mutations obtained from the individual’s tumor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The neoantigens are the same as the ones in the booster vaccine MVA-PEV. Upon administration of the priming vaccine personalized cancer neoantigen vaccine GAd-PEV, the neoantige… |
Personalized Cancer Neoantigen Vaccine MVA-PEV |
A personalized neoantigen booster vaccine comprised of a modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding numerous patient-specific tumor neoantigens, which are identified based on patient-specific tumor mutations obtained from the individual’s tumor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The neoantigens are the same as the ones in the priming vaccine GAd-PEV. Following administration of the priming vaccine GAd-PEV, the administration of the booster vaccine, pers… |
Personalized Liposomal Neoantigen-based Peptide Vaccine EVX-01 |
A personalized liposomal peptide vaccine composed of specific cancer neoepitopes, which are highly patient-specific immunogenic tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the personalized liposomal neoantigen-based peptide vaccine EVX-01, the neoepitopes induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses against tumor cells expressing these specific TAAs. |
Personalized Live-attenuated Double-deleted Listeria monocytogenes |
A proprietary, personalized live, attenuated, double-deleted (pLADD) strain of the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes encoding multiple, patient-specific neoantigens, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed in pLADD are taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs), and are processed and presented to the immune system by both major histocompatibili… |
Personalized Neoantigen Cancer Vaccine VB10.NEO |
A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of DNA plasmids encoding patient-specific neoantigens, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, linked to an intrinsic adjuvant, a chemokine MIP-1alpha (CCL3; MIP-1a)-expressing, endocytic chemokine receptor-targeting unit, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the personalized neoantigen cancer vaccine VB10.NEO, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and th… |
Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PV01 |
A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of GNOS-PV01, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Each patient specific formulation may con… |
Personalized Neoantigen DNA Vaccine GNOS-PVO2 |
A personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific neoantigen-coding DNA plasmids, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal delivery by electroporation of GNOS-PVO2, the patient-specific neoantigens are translated in cells and elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Each patient spe… |
Personalized Neoantigen Follicular Lymphoma Vaccine |
A peptide-based, personalized follicular lymphoma therapeutic vaccine consisting of up to 20 neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific follicular lymphoma immunogenic epitopes, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the personalized neoantigen follicular lymphoma vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoa… |
Personalized Neoantigen Ovarian Cancer Vaccine |
A peptide-based, personalized ovarian cancer therapeutic vaccine consisting of up to 20 neoantigens and peptides derived from patient-specific ovarian cancer immunogenic epitopes, combined with the immunostimulant poly-ICLC, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the personalized neoantigen ovarian cancer vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which … |
Personalized Neoantigen Peptide Vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01 |
A peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated long peptides, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination with the personalized neoantigen peptide vaccine iNeo-Vac-P01, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. |
Personalized Neoantigen Plasmid DNA Melanoma Vaccine EVX-02 |
A plasmid DNA melanoma vaccine composed of DNA plasmid encoding multiple, melanoma patient-specific neoepitopes, which are highly immunogenic tumor associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular (IM) administration of personalized neoantigen plasmid DNA melanoma vaccine EVX-02, the plasmid DNA is taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and the expressed neoepitopes induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune responses… |
Personalized Neoantigen Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Vaccine |
A personalized upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer vaccine consisting of multiple patient-specific tumor-derived neoantigens, which are identified based on patient-specific tumor mutations obtained from the individual’s tumor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the personalized neoantigen upper GI tract cancer vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoa… |
Personalized Neoantigen Vaccine NECVAX NEO1 |
A personalized, oral Ty21a-based neoantigen vaccine consisting of eukaryotic expression plasmid encoding patient-specific tumor neoantigens that are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of personalized neoantigen vaccine NECVAX NEO1, the patient-specific neoantigens elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens. Ty21a is a live… |
Personalized Neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes NEO-PTC-01 |
A preparation of autologous, personalized tumor neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The T-cells are derived from the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and are primed and activated against tumor-specific neoantigens that are expressed on the patient’s tumor cells or in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and expanded ex vivo. Upon administration, the autologous neoantigen-specific T-lymphocytes NEO-PTC-01 recognize… |
Personalized Neoepitope Yeast Vaccine YE-NEO-001 |
A cancer vaccine composed of a heat-killed yeast that has been genetically modified to express patient-specific neoantigen epitopes. Upon vaccination, neoepitope yeast vaccine YE-NEO-001 may elicit a targeted CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing these specific epitopes. |
Personalized Peptide Cancer Vaccine NEO-PV-01 |
A synthetic peptide-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of patient-specific mutated peptide epitopes, which are immunogenic and unique to the patient’s tumor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with the neoantigen-based anti-cancer vaccine NEO-PV-01 stimulates the host immune system to mount a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the neoantigens, which results in tumor cell lysis. |
Personalized Peptides-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based personalized cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with the patient’s own tumor-specific peptides, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the personalized peptides (PEP)-loaded autologous DC vaccine, the DCs activate natural killer cells (NKs) and stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against the patient’s tumor cells expressing the PEPs, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Personalized Polyepitope Plasmid DNA Breast Cancer Vaccine |
A polyepitope DNA vaccine composed of a DNA plasmid encoding multiple, highly immunogenic tumor associated antigens (TAAs) that are specifically selected after genome profiling of the patient’s breast cancer cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration and electroporation of the personalized polyepitope plasmid DNA breast cancer vaccine, the expressed TAAs induce cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells expre… |
Personalized Synthetic Long Peptide Breast Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of one or more long, synthetic peptides derived from patient-specific breast cancer tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the personalized synthetic long peptide breast cancer vaccine, the peptides stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the TAAs, which results in tumor cell lysis. |
Personalized Synthetic Long Peptide Vaccine |
A personalized peptide vaccine consisting of synthetic long peptides (SLPs), ranging from 20-35 amino acids in size, that are derived from two or more of the patient’s tumor-specific mutant antigens (TSMAs), with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. A patient’s tumor is isolated, TSMAs are identified, assessed and prioritized, and two or more TSMAs are selected to be further processed into SLPs. Upon administration, personalized SLP vaccine may stimulate the host immune syste… |
Pertuzumab |
A humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against the extracellular dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor. Binding of the antibody to the dimerization domain of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein directly inhibits the ability of the HER-2 tyrosine kinase receptor protein (the most common pairing partner) to dimerize with other HER tyrosine kinase receptor proteins; inhibiting receptor protein dimerization prevents the activation of HER signaling pathways… |
Petiveria alliacea Extract |
An herbal extract derived from the plant Petiveria alliacea, with potential antineoplastic activity. Petiveria alliacea contains dibenzyl trisulphide (DTS), flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides and coumarin, and may exert antineoplastic activity through multiple pathways including the induction of G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and the modulation of cell metabolism. |
Petosemtamab |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, petosemtamab simultaneously targets and binds to both EGFR and LGR5, thereby inhibiting the activation of both EGFR- and LGR5-mediated signaling pathways. This results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase … |
Pevonedistat |
A small molecule inhibitor of Nedd8 activating enzyme (NAE) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pevonedistat binds to and inhibits NAE, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and survival. NAE activates Nedd8 (Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8), an ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein that modifies cellular targets in a pathway that is parallel to but distinct from the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). Functioning in diverse regulatory act… |
Pexastimogene Devacirepvec |
An oncolytic thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted vaccinia poxvirus expressing human GM-CSF (hGM-CSF) with antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral or intravenous administration, pexastimogene devacirepvec selectively infects and lyses tumor cells. While vaccinia displays a natural tumor cell tropism, deletion of the TK gene increases the tumor selectivity of vaccinia by limiting viral replication to cells expressing high levels of TK, such as certain cancer cells. hGM-CSF expression by this agent… |
Pexidartinib |
A small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor of proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT), colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pexidartinib targets, binds to and inhibits phosphorylation of KIT, CSF1R and FLT3 harboring an internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. This results in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. FLT3, CSF1R and FLT3 are overexpressed or mutated… |
Pexmetinib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of p38 and Tie2 kinases with potential antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities. Pexmetinib binds to and inhibits the activities of p38 and Tie2 kinases, which may inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines and may decrease tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell growth and survival. p38 is a MAP kinase that is often upregulated in cancer cells, playing a crucial part in the production of a variety of cytokines involved… |
PGLA/PEG Copolymer-Based Paclitaxel |
A controlled-release, intratumoral paclitaxel formulation in which paclitaxel is incorporated into a thermosensitive, biodegradable triblock copolymer consisting of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Upon intratumoral injection, paclitaxel is released slowly and continuously into tumor tissues from the gelled thermosensitive triblock copolymer over a period of 4 to 6 weeks; in tumor cells, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly-assembly dynamics… |
pH Low Insertion Peptide-exatecan Conjugate CBX-12 |
A conjugate composed of a pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP) linked to the camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of pHLIP-exatecan conjugate CBX-12, the pHLIP moiety specifically targets and gets inserted into the cellular membrane of tumor cells in environments with low extracellular pH. Then the exatecan moiety is released intracellularly via glutathione reduction of the linker. Exatecan inhibits DNA topoisomerase I activity, thereby inhibit… |
PH20 Hyaluronidase-expressing Adenovirus VCN-01 |
An oncolytic, replication-competent adenovirus encoding the human glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored enzyme PH20 hyaluronidase with potential antitumor activity. After intratumoral administration, PH20 hyaluronidase-expressing adenovirus VCN-01 selectively replicates in tumor cells, which may both cause oncolytic virus-induced cell death and induce the infection of adjacent tumor cells. In addition, the virus expresses hyaluronidase, which hydrolyzes and degrades the hyaluronic acid (HA) t… |
Phaleria macrocarpa Extract DLBS-1425 |
An extract of the flesh from the fruit of Phaleria macrocarpa, an Indonesian herbal medicine, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the active ingredients and exact components are unclear, gallic acid and its derivatives in DLBS-1425 appear to inhibit the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway by reducing PI3K transcription followed by a reduction in AKT phosphorylation. This extract also appears to induce apoptosis through induction of pro-apopto… |
Pharmacological Ascorbate |
A high dose (HD) of ascorbic acid, a pro-oxidant agent, with potential antineoplastic and radio-chemo-sensitizing activities. Upon intravenous (IV) administration, pharmacological ascorbate is able to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by donating an electron to oxygen (O2) and forming hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), thereby causing oxidative stress and overwhelming the cell’s anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. This induces DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and cell death. Tumor cells are highly … |
Phellodendron amurense Bark Extract |
A proprietary formulation consisting of a Phellodendron amurense (Amur cork tree) bark extract, often used in traditional Chinese medicine, with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Phellodendron amurense bark extract contains certain isoquinoline alkaloids, flavone glycosides and phenolic compounds. Upon administration of Phellodendron amurense bark extract, the various phytochemicals in this formulation modulate multiple signal transdu… |
Phenesterin |
A steroidal nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. After attachment to cell-surface steroid receptors and uptake, phenesterin enters the nucleus where it alkylates macromolecules, resulting in decreased cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Phenethyl Isothiocyanate |
An isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables with chemopreventive and potential antitumor activities. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, phenethyl Isothiocyanate (PEITC) was shown to induce apoptosis in tumor cells, possibly mediated through its metabolic intermediates, reactive oxygen species (ROS). PEITC also is able to activate ERK and JNK signal transduction, which in turn induces expression of stress-responsive genes. Specifically, this agent has been shown to reactivate g… |
Phenethyl Isothiocyanate-containing Watercress Juice |
A juice extracted from watercress containing high amounts of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), with potential chemopreventive and antitumor activities. Although the mechanism(s) of action through which PEITC exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, PEITC is able to induce apoptosis in tumor cells through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, PEITC is able to modulate extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-act… |
Phenyl Acetate |
An aromatic fatty acid metabolite of phenylalanine with potential antineoplastic activity. Naturally occurring in mammals, phenylacetate induces differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in tumor cells. Implicated mechanisms of action include decreased protein prenylation, activation of the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptors, inhibition of DNA methylation, and depletion of glutamine. (NCI04) |
Phosphatidylcholine-Bound Silybin |
An oral preparation of the flavonoid silybin with potential antioxidant and chemopreventive activities. Silybin, also known as silibinin, is a mixture of two stereoisomers, denoted silybin A and silybin B, and is the major active constituent of silymarin, a mixture of flavonolignans extracted from blessed milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Silybin modulates P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated cellular efflux; has oxygen radical-scavenging effects; inhibits the arachidonic acid pathway; and inhibits … |
Phosphoramide Mustard |
One of a number of chemically-related alkylating agents with antineoplastic properties. The prototype of this group of agents is cyclophosphamide. Most phosphoramide mustards are administered as prodrugs that undergo reductive activation in hypoxic environments to yield cytotoxic metabolites. These agents alkylate and crosslink DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Phosphoramide mustards are also immunosuppressants, mutagens and teratogens. (NCI04) |
Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomer AVI-4126 |
A c-Myc antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO) with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer AVI-4126 binds to c-Myc mRNA and blocks its translation, which may result in the death of tumor cells overexpressing c-Myc. Differing from traditional antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), neutrally charged PMOs are composed of subunits of nucleic acid bases linked to a synthetic backbone and, so, are less prone to enzymatic degradation. c-Myc, a prot… |
Phosphorus P-32 |
A radioactive isotope of phosphorus with beta particle-emitting radiocytotoxic activity. Emitted by phosphorus P32, beta particles directly damage cellular DNA and, by ionizing intracellular water to produce several types of cytotoxic free radicals and superoxides, indirectly damage intracellular biological macromolecules, resulting in tumor cell death. |
Photodynamic Compound TLD-1433 |
A non-toxic ruthenium-based coordination-complex and photosensitizer, with potential antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravesical administration, light-activated photodynamic compound (PDC) TLD-1433 targets and binds to transferrin (Tf) and is subsequently taken up by Tf receptors which are located on tumor cells. Upon exposure to green light (525nm), TLD-1433 becomes activated locally and induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and singlet oxygen… |
Photosensitizer Agent REM-001 |
A second-generation photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based agent, with potential antineoplastic activity upon PDT. Upon administration, photosensitizer agent REM-001 specifically targets, binds to and is taken up by tumor cells. Upon exposure to light, REM-001 becomes activated locally and may induce apoptosis and destroy the tumor cells. |
Phytochlorin Sodium-Polyvinylpyrrolidone Complex |
A photosensitizer composed of the sodium salt form of chlorin e6 and its derivatives complexed with a low-molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer component, with diagnostic and antineoplastic activities upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon intravenous administration, the photosensitizer phytochlorin-PVP sodium complex preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of light with a certain wavelength to the tumor site results in the abso… |
PI3K Alpha/Beta Inhibitor BAY1082439 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and beta isoforms with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/beta inhibitor BAY1082439 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha, including mutated forms of PIK3CA, and PI3K beta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha and beta, this agent may be more effica… |
PI3K alpha/delta Inhibitor TQ-B3525 |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the alpha and delta isoforms of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit alpha/delta; PI3K-alpha/delta; PI3Kalpha/delta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K alpha/delta inhibitor TQ-B3525 selectively targets, binds to, and inhibits PI3K alpha and delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-alpha/delta over-expressing tu… |
PI3K Alpha/mTOR Inhibitor PWT33597 Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of PWT33597, an orally bioavailable dual inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha/mTOR dual inhibitor PWT33597 selectively inhibits both PI3K alpha kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K/mTOR-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance … |
PI3K Inhibitor BGT226 |
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor BGT226 specifically inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane, increasing mitochondrial membrane permeability; apoptotic cell death may ensue. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl2 family of proteins. |
PI3K Inhibitor GSK1059615 |
A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor GSK1059615 inhibits PI3K in the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway, which may trigger the translocation of cytosolic Bax to the mitochondrial outer membrane and an increase in mitochondrial membrane permeability, followed by apoptosis. Bax is a member of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins. PI3K, an enzyme often overexpressed in cancer cells, plays a crucial role in tumor cell regulation a… |
PI3K Inhibitor TL117 |
An orally bioavailable phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K inhibitor TL117 specifically inhibits the activity of PI3K, and prevents the activation of the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)-mediated signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell growth and survival in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregula… |
PI3K Inhibitor WX-037 |
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor WX-037 specifically inhibits PI3K, which prevents the activation of the PI3K/protein kinase B-mediated signaling pathway. This may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell growth and survival in PI3K-overexpressing tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety … |
PI3K Inhibitor ZSTK474 |
An orally available, s-triazine derivative, ATP-competitive phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 inhibits all four PI3K isoforms. Inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase (or protein kinase B) signaling pathway results in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents. This age… |
PI3K p110beta/delta Inhibitor CVL237 |
A dual selective inhibitor of the beta and delta isoforms of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K-beta/delta), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-beta/delta inhibitor CVL237 selectively inhibits the PI3K-beta and -delta isoforms and prevents their activation, which inhibits PI3K-beta/delta-mediated signal transduction pathways. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-beta … |
PI3K/BET Inhibitor LY294002 |
A morpholine-based inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PI3K/BET inhibitor LY294002 specifically targets and binds to both PI3K and the acetylated lysine recognition motifs in the bromodomains of BET proteins. Inhibition of PI3K activity inhibits the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of growth and survival for tumor cells… |
PI3K/HDAC Inhibitor BEBT-908 |
The hydrochloride salt form of the free base form of BEBT-908, an inhibitor of both phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PI3K/HDAC inhibitor BEBT-908 binds to and inhibits the activity and mediated signaling of both PI3K and HDAC. In addition, BEBT-908 may also inhibit other signaling pathways. This may prevent growth of PI3K and/or HDAC-expressing tumor cells. |
PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor CLL442 |
A topical inhibitor of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, PI3K/mTOR inhibitor CLL442 targets and inhibits class I PI3K isoforms and mTOR kinase. This disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cells and … |
PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor HEC 68498 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR), with potential anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3K/mTOR inhibitor HEC 68498 targets and inhibits class I PI3K isoforms and mTOR kinase. This disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells an… |
PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor DS-7423 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor DS-7423 inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine… |
PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor PF-04691502 |
An agent targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor PF-04691502 inhibits both PI3K and mTOR kinases, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition of cancer cells overexpressing PI3K/mTOR. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase d… |
PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor VS-5584 |
A potent and selective inhibitor of both phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor VS-5584 inhibits mTOR kinase and all class I PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cells. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes… |
PI3K/mTOR Kinase Inhibitor WXFL10030390 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K/mTOR inhibitor WXFL10030390 (WX390) inhibits mTOR kinase and certain PI3K isoforms. Consequently, this disrupts phosphorylation of substrates downstream of PI3K and mTOR and may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor… |
PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 Inhibitor DCBCI0901 |
An inhibitor of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), raptor-mTOR (mTOR complex 1 or mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR (mTOR complex 2 or mTORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous infusion, PI3K/mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor DCBCI0901 binds to and inhibits PI3K as well as both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which may result in both apoptosis and a decrease in cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing PI3K, mTORC1, and mTORC2. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway promotes cell grow… |
PI3Ka/mTOR Inhibitor PKI-179 |
A second generation, small-molecule mimetic of ATP that targets the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. PKI-179 selectively inhibits mTOR and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) alpha. By inhibiting the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, this agent may inhibit tumor cell proliferation and survival. |
PI3Kalpha Inhibitor AZD8835 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K alpha inhibitor AZD8835 selectively binds to and inhibits PIK3CA and its mutated forms, in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B) /mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, this agent may be more ef… |
PI3K-alpha Inhibitor HS-10352 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-alpha inhibitor HS-10352 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits wild-type PIK3CA and its mutated forms, in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expres… |
PI3K-alpha Inhibitor JS105 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-alpha inhibitor JS105 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits PIK3CA in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting PIK3CA, JS105 may be more eff… |
PI3K-alpha Inhibitor TOS-358 |
An orally bioavailable, covalent inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA; PI3K p110alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-alpha inhibitor TOS-358 selectively targets, binds to and covalently inhibits wild-type PIK3CA and its mutated forms in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-express… |
PI3Kbeta Inhibitor AZD8186 |
An inhibitor of the beta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PI3Kbeta inhibitor AZD8186 selectively inhibits the activity of PI3Kbeta in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which may result in a decrease of tumor cell proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-expressing cancer cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K beta, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. PI3K-mediated sig… |
PI3K-beta Inhibitor GSK2636771 |
An orally bioavailable, substituted benzimidazole inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor GSK2636771 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or PTEN-driven tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and results in the promotion o… |
PI3K-beta Inhibitor SAR260301 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) beta isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K beta inhibitor SAR260301 selectively inhibits PI3K beta kinase activity in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K beta-expressing and/or phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient tumor cells. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently found in solid tumors and contributes to increased … |
PI3K-delta Inhibitor AMG 319 |
A highly selective, potent, and orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. PI3K-delta inhibitor AMG 319 prevents the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway through inhibition of the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), thus decreasing proliferation and inducing cell death. Unlike … |
PI3K-delta Inhibitor BGB-10188 |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K-delta inhibitor BGB-10188 selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell re… |
PI3Kdelta Inhibitor GS-9901 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3Kdelta) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3Kdelta inhibitor GS-9901 selectively binds to the delta isoform of PI3K and inhibits its activity. This inhibits the activation of the PI3Kdelta-mediated signaling pathway and prevents proliferation of PI3Kdelta-overexpressing tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3Kdelta is expressed … |
PI3K-delta Inhibitor SHC014748M |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PI3K delta inhibitor SHC014748M selectively binds to and inhibits PI3K delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K delta also plays a key role in the B-cell r… |
PI3Kdelta/gamma Inhibitor ZX-101A |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PI3Kdelta/gamma inhibitor ZX-101A, this agent targets and inhibits the PI3K delta and gamma isoforms and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. ZX-101A may also promote anti-tumor immunity. Unlike other i… |
PI3K-gamma Inhibitor HS248 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the gamma isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3Kg), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PI3Kg inhibitor HS248 targets and inhibits the PI3Kg isoform and prevents the activation of the PI3Kg-AKT-mediated signaling pathway. As PI3Kg plays an important role in immune suppression and promotes immunosuppressive myeloid cell polarization during tumor growth and metastasis, the inhibition PI3Kg may… |
PI3K-gamma Inhibitor ZX-4081 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the gamma isoform of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3Kg), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of PI3Kg inhibitor ZX-4081, this agent targets and inhibits the PI3Kg isoform and prevents the activation of the PI3Kg-AKT-mediated signaling pathway. As PI3Kg plays an important role in immune suppression and promotes immunosuppressive myeloid cell polarization during tumor growth and metastasis, the inhi… |
Pibenzimol |
A fluorescent dye of benzimidazole derivative. Pibenzimol binds to AT-specific sites in the minor groove of duplex DNA and inhibits topoisomerase I, and DNA polymerase, thereby preventing DNA replication. This agent prolongs the G2 phase of the cell cycle and initiates apoptosis in tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Pibrozelesin |
A semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. |
Pibrozelesin Hydrobromide |
The hydrobromide salt form of pibrozelesin, a semisynthetic water-soluble derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic duocarmycin B2, with antineoplastic activity. Activated by carboxyl esterase, pibrozelesin alkylates DNA by binding to adenine-thymine (A-T)-rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. |
Picibanil |
A lyophilized formulation containing cultures of a low-virulent strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, treated and killed with penicillin G, with potential sclerosing, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Besides from picibanil’s direct damaging effect as a sclerosing agent, it seems to have multiple effects on the immune system as a non-specific immunostimulant. Picibanil activates the host immune system by stimulating the activity of natural killer cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, … |
Picoplatin |
A new generation organic platinum analog with an extended spectrum of antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome platinum drug resistance, picoplatin alkylates DNA, forming both inter- and intra-strand cross-linkages, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and transcription, and the induction of apoptosis. |
Picrasinoside H |
A quassinoid glycoside phytochemical isolated from the plant Picrasma ailanthoides with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Picropodophyllin |
A cyclolignan alkaloid found in the mayapple plant family (Podophyllum peltatum), and a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Picropodophyllin specifically inhibits the activity and downregulates the cellular expression of IGF1R without interfering with activities of other growth factor receptors, such as receptors for insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor and m… |
Pictilisib |
A small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt si… |
Pictilisib Bismesylate |
The orally bioavailable bismesylate salt of pictilisib, a small molecule inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pictilisib selectively binds to PI3K in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth, motility and survival in susceptib… |
Pidilizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human PD-1 (programmed cell death 1; PDCD1), with immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Pidilizumab blocks interaction between the receptor PD-1 with its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-1L2), resulting in the attenuation of apoptotic processes in lymphocytes, primarily effector/memory T cells, and the augmentation of the anti-tumor activities of NK cells. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor belonging to the B7-receptor fam… |
Pidnarulex |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pidnarulex selectively binds to and inhibits Pol I, prevents Pol I-mediated ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis, induces apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell growth. Pol I, the multiprotein complex that synthesizes rRNA, is upregulated in cancer cells and plays a key role in cell proliferation and survival. Hyperactivated rRNA transcription is associated with uncontrolled c… |
Pifusertib |
An orally bioavailable allosteric and selective pan-inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B; v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pifusertib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells in which Akt is overexpres… |
Pilaralisib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule, targeting the class I phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) family of lipid kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Pilaralisib reversibly binds to class 1 PI3Ks in an ATP-competitive manner, inhibiting the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K signaling pathway; this may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activati… |
PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447 |
An orally available pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor LGH447 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 protein and tumor cell apoptosis in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIM kinases, downstream effectors of many cytokine and growth factor signaling pathways, play key roles in ce… |
PIM Kinase Inhibitor SGI-1776 |
A small-molecule pan-PIM protein kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PIM kinase inhibitor SGI-1776 binds to and inhibits the activities of PIM-1, -2 and -3 serine/threonine kinases, which may result in the interruption of the G1/S phase cell cycle transition, the expression of pro-apoptotic Bcl2 proteins and tumor cell apoptosis. PIM kinases play key roles in cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition and may be overexpressed in various malignancies. |
Pimasertib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 (MEK1/2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pimasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK1/2, preventing the activation of MEK1/2-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK1/2 (MAP2K1/K2) are dual-specificity threonine/tyrosine kinases that play key roles in the activation of the RAS/R… |
Pimicotinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, pimicotinib targets and binds to CSF1R, thereby blocking CSF1R activation and CSF1R-mediated signaling. This inhibits the activities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and prevents immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enhances an… |
Pimitespib |
A specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) subtypes alpha and beta, with potential antineoplastic and chemo/radiosensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, pimitespib specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of Hsp90 alpha and beta; this results in the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic client proteins, which inhibits client protein dependent-signaling, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of cells overexpressing HSP90alpha/beta. Hsp90, a family of mole… |
Pimivalimab |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pimivalimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transme… |
Pimurutamab |
A glycoengineered humanized version of the monoclonal antibody of cetuximab, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, pimurutamab selectively targets and binds to the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), thereby preventing the activation and subsequent dimerization of the receptor. This may prevent EGFR-mediated signaling and inhibit EGFR-dependent tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the glyco-optimization promotes antibody-d… |
Pinatuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of MCDT2219A, a humanized IgG1 anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody covalently linked, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of pinatuzumab vedotin binds to B cell-specific CD22 receptors and is rapidly internalized, thereby delivering MMAE intracellularly. Upon p… |
Pingyangmycin |
The naturally-occurring bleomycin antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces pingyangensisn. Pingyangmycin induces tumor cell apoptosis, possibly via a mechanism mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. (NCI04) |
Pinometostat |
A small molecule inhibitor of histone methyltransferase with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, pinometostat specifically blocks the activity of the histone lysine-methyltransferase DOT1L, thereby inhibiting the methylation of nucleosomal histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79) that is bound to the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion protein which targets genes and blocks the expression of leukemogenic genes. This eventually leads to an induction of apoptosis in the l… |
Pioglitazone |
An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. |
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation… |
Pipendoxifene |
A nonsteroidal 2-phenyl indole and a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Pipendoxifene antagonizes binding of estradiol to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated gene expression, interfering with estrogen activity and inhibiting estrogen-stimulated growth in estrogen-dependent breast cancer. In addition, this agent also exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue types. |
Piperazinedione |
A crystalline antibiotic fermentation product isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseoluteus with antineoplastic activity. Piperazinedione alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, inhibiting DNA replication and inducing cell cycle arrest. |
Piperine Extract (Standardized) |
A standardized extract containing the active alkaloid piperine, derived from the fruit of the plant Piper nigrum (black pepper) and/or the plant Piper longum L. (long pepper), with thermogenic properties. Co-ingestion of piperidine enhances the bioavailability of various nutrients, including beta-carotene, curcumin, selenium, pyridoxine and coenzyme Q10. In addition, this agent may exert anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities and may enhance the production of serotonin. |
Pipobroman |
A piperazine derivative with potential antineoplastic alkyating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pipobroman has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to act by alkylating DNA, leading to disruption of DNA replication and eventually cell death. |
Piposulfan |
An alkyl sulfonate with potential antineoplastic activity. Piposulfan alkylates DNA, thereby producing DNA interstrand crosslinks and DNA strand breaks and inhibiting DNA replication. This agent has been shown to exhibit antitumor activity in an animal model of prostate cancer. (NCI04) |
Pirarubicin |
An analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and exhibits activity against some doxorubicin-resistant cell lines. (NCI04) |
Pirarubicin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of pirarubicin, an analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin with antineoplastic activity. Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. This agent is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin and exhibits activity against some doxorubicin-resistant cell lines. |
Pirfenidone |
An orally active synthetic antifibrotic agent structurally similar to pyridine 2,4-dicarboxylate. Pirfenidone inhibits fibroblast, epidermal, platelet-derived, and transforming beta-1 growth factors, thereby slowing tumor cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits DNA synthesis and the production of mRNA for collagen types I and III, resulting in a reduction in radiation-induced fibrosis. (NCI04) |
Piritrexim |
A synthetic antifolate agent with antiparasitic, antipsoriatic and antitumor properties. Piritrexim inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase enzyme, thereby disrupting folate metabolism and DNA synthesis and cell division. (NCI04) |
Piritrexim Isethionate |
The isethionate salt of piritrexim, a synthetic antifolate agent with antiparasitic, antipsoriatic and antitumor properties. Piritrexim inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase enzyme, thereby disrupting folate metabolism and DNA synthesis and cell division. |
Pirotinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB; EGFR) family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pirotinib selectively and irreversibly binds to and inhibits the epidermal growth factor receptors 1 (ErbB1; EGFR), 2 (ErbB2; HER2), and 4 (ErbB4; HER4). This may result in the inhibition of cell growth and angiogenesis in tumors overexpressing these RTKs. EGFRs play major roles in both tumor cell proliferatio… |
Piroxantrone |
An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Piroxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. Although less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, this agent exhibits a narrow spectrum of antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Piroxantrone Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of piroxantrone, an anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Piroxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Although less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, this agent exhibits a narrow spectrum of antineoplastic activity. |
pIRS2 Phosphopeptide-tetanus Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of a phosphorylated peptide from the tumor associated antigen insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS2) and a tetanus-derived peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of pIRS2 phosphopeptide-tetanus peptide vaccine, the pIRS2 phosphopeptide may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against phosphopeptide-containing tumor cells. The tetanus peptide serves as an immunoadjuvant and induces a he… |
Pirtobrutinib |
An orally available, selective, non-covalent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pirtobrutinib selectively and reversibly binds to BTK. This prevents both the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. Reversible binding of LOXO-305 may preserve antitumor activity in t… |
Pivekimab Sunirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized anti-CD123 (interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptor alpha chain; IL3RA) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to a cytotoxic, DNA-alkylating payload, which is an indolino-benzodiazepine dimer containing an imine moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-CD123 ADC IMGN632, the antibody moiety targets the cell surface antigen CD123. Upon antibody/antigen binding, interna… |
Pixantrone |
A synthetic, noncardiotoxic aza-anthracenedione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity. |
Pixantrone Dimaleate |
The dimaleate salt of a synthetic, noncardiotoxic aza-anthracenedione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity. |
Pixatimod |
A synthetic sugar modified heparan sulfate mimetic and agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating, antineoplastic and anti-viral activities. Upon administration, pixatimod binds to and activates TLR9 expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) and B-cells. This initiates cytokine release from DCs and activates innate immune signaling pathways, and leads to the activation of natural killer (NK) cells to destroy tumor cells. The combination of pixatimod with certain checkpo… |
PKA Regulatory Subunit RIalpha Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 231 |
A mixed backbone oligonucleotide exhibiting antitumor activity. GEM-231 is complementary to the RI alpha subunit of Protein Kinase A (PKA), resulting in downregulation of PKA expression and ultimately tumor growth. (NCI) |
PKC-beta Inhibitor MS-553 |
An orally available inhibitor of the beta-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC), with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PKC-beta inhibitor MS-553 selectively binds to and inhibits PKC-beta, which prevents the activation of PKC-beta-mediated signaling pathways. This may lead to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. PKC-beta, a serine/threonine protein kinase overexpressed in certain types of cancer cells, is … |
Pladienolide Derivative E7107 |
A synthetic urethane derivative of pladienolide D with potential antineoplastic activity. Pladienolide derivative E7107 is generated from the 12-membered macrolide pladienolide D, one of several macrolides derived from the bacterium Streptomyces platensis Mer-11107. This agent appears to bind to the 130-kDa subunit 3 (spliceosome-associated protein 130; SAP130) of the splicing factor 3b (SF3b), resulting in inhibition of pre-messenger RNA splicing and the arrest of cell-cycle progression. The… |
Plamotamab |
A bispecific, Fc domain-containing, monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Plamotamab contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen, and one for human CD20, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. Upon administration, plamotamab binds to both T-cells and CD20-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cros… |
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A whole cell vaccine derived from a distinct subset of dendritic cells (DCs) with a plasma cell-like morphology that exhibits immunomodulating activity. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express a characteristic set of surface markers, such as CD123 (interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain), BDCA-2 (blood dendritic cell antigen 2; CD303) and BDCA-4 (CD304), as well as intracellular toll-like receptors 7 and 9. Upon stimulation, the activated pDCs produce substantial amounts of interferon (IFN) a… |
Plasmid DNA Vaccine pING-hHER3FL |
A plasmid DNA cancer vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor type-3 (HER-3; HER3), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon intramuscular administration of the plasmid DNA vaccine pING-hHER3FL and after cellular uptake by muscle cells, the plasmid DNA expresses HER-3 which, may elicit both antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing HER-3. HER-3 plays a k… |
Plasmid Encoding Antiangiogenic Metargidin Peptide |
A plasmid encoding the protein antiangiogenic metargidin plasmid (AMEP), the disintegrin domain of ADAM-15 (metargidin), with potential antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities. Upon intratumoral electrotransfer of plasmid encoding AMEP, AMEP binds to cellular integrin receptors alpha-v-beta-3 (avb3) and alpha-5-beta-1 (a5b1), which are upregulated on activated endothelial cells and a variety of tumor cells. Binding to the integrin receptors may inhibit angiogenesis and may inhibit tumor … |
Platinum Acetylacetonate-Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles |
A preparation of platinum acetylacetonate supported by sol-gel technology functionalized titania, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the platinum moiety forms complexes with nucleophilic groups such as GC-rich sites in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links, resulting in apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Compared to platinum alone, the nanoparticle formulation allows increased delivery of platinum… |
Plevitrexed |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, non-polyglutamatable, antifolate quinazoline derivative thymidine synthetase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Plevitrexed is transported into the cell via the physiological reduced folate carrier (RFC) system. Intracellularly, this agent selectively binds to the folate binding site of thymidylate synthase and inhibits thymidine synthesis, which may result in DNA synthesis inhibition and apoptosis. |
Plicamycin |
An antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces plicatus with antineoplastic activity. Plicamycin, also known as mithramycin, binds to the minor groove of DNA at GC-rich sites, resulting in inhibition of RNA synthesis; this agent also inhibits mRNA expression, resulting in a reduction in protein synthesis. In addition, plicamycin may inhibit bone resorption by down regulating transcription of c-src, an oncogene involved in bone metabolism and resorption. (NCI04) |
Plinabulin |
An orally active diketopiperazine derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Plinabulin selectively targets and binds to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin, thereby interrupting equilibrium of microtubule dynamics. This disrupts mitotic spindle assembly leading to cell cycle arrest at M phase and blockage of cell division. In addition, plinabulin may also inhibit growth of proliferating vascular endothelial cells, thereby disrupting the function of tumor vasculature that further c… |
Plitidepsin |
A cyclic depsipeptide isolated from the marine tunicate Aplidium albicans. Plitidepsin displays a broad spectrum of antitumor activities, inducing apoptosis by triggering mitochondrial cytochrome c release, initiating the Fas/DC95, JNK pathway and activating caspase 3 activation. This agent also inhibits elongation factor 1-a, thereby interfering with protein synthesis, and induces G1 arrest and G2 blockade, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. |
Plixorafenib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor and specific dimer breaker of the serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf (BRAF) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, plixorafenib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of dimeric BRAF mutants, including BRAF fusions and splice variants, and BRAFV600 monomers, while sparing RAF function in normal cells. This inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells which express these mutated forms of BRAF. BRAF, a member of the ra… |
Plk1 Inhibitor BI 2536 |
A small molecule compound with potential antineoplastic activities. BI 2536 binds to and inhibits Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), resulting in mitotic arrest, disruption of cytokinesis, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. Plk1, a serine/threonine-protein kinase, is a key regulator of multiple processes fundamental to mitosis and cell division. |
PLK1 Inhibitor TAK-960 |
An orally available, Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor TAK-960 selectively inhibits PLK1, inducing selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell-cycle arrest at the G1 and G2 stages without apoptosis in normal cells. PLK1 inhibition may result in the inhibition of proliferation in PLK1-overexpressed tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila… |
PLK4 Inhibitor RP-1664 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PLK4 inhibitor RP-1664 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. This inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress PLK4 and/or tripartite motif-containing protein 37 (TRIM37). PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a… |
Plocabulin |
A marine-derived, synthetically produced compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Plocabulin covalently binds to residues lying in the minor groove of DNA, which may result in delayed progression through S phase, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and cell death. |
Plogosertib |
A competitive inhibitor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding to polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, plogosertib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits PLK1, which disrupts mitosis and induces selective G2/M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis in PLK1-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine kinase that is crucial for the regulation of mitosis, and… |
Plozalizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), with potential antiangiogenic, immunomodulating, antimetastatic, and antineoplastic activities. Plozalizumab binds to CCR2 and prevents binding of the endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 or MCP1) to its receptor CCR2, which may result in inhibition of CCR2 activation and so inhibition of angiogenesis, tumor cell migration, and tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent may r… |
PLZ4-coated Paclitaxel-loaded Micelle Formulation |
A nanoparticle-based formulation consisting of polymeric micelles encapsulating the taxane paclitaxel that are coated with the bladder cancer-targeting ligand PLZ4, a cyclic peptide with amino acid sequence of QDGRMGF, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the PLZ4-coated paclitaxel-loaded micelle formulation, the PLZ4 moiety specifically targets and binds to bladder cancer cells while avoiding normal, healthy cells. This specifically delivers paclitaxel to bladder ca… |
pNGVL3-hICD Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA cancer vaccine encoding the intracellular domain (ICD) of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene. Upon administration and after cellular uptake by skin or muscle cells, the pNGVL3-hICD vaccine plasmid expresses the HER-2/neu protein, which, after intracellular processing, may elicit both antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing HER-2. The HER-2/neu ICD protein is highly immunogenic and, as a subdominant epitope, may be assoc… |
pNGVL3-hICD Vaccine AST-301 |
A plasmid DNA therapeutic cancer vaccine encoding the intracellular domain (ICD) of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the pNGVL3-hICD vaccine AST-301 expresses the HER-2/neu protein and elicits a HER-2-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing HER-2. The HER-2/neu ICD protein is highly immunogenic and, as a subdominant epitope, may be associated with decreased immune tole… |
pNGVL4a-CRT/E7(detox) DNA Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of the DNA plasmid pNGVL4a-A encoding calreticulin (CRT) linked to a detox form of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E7 antigen, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, this vaccine may generate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against E7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. For E7(detox), the amino acids in E7 at positions 24 (cysteine to glycine) and 26 (glutamic acid to glycine) were su… |
pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA Vaccine |
A therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding human calreticulin (CRT) linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 E6, E7, and L2 proteins, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular injection with electroporation, the pNGVL4a-CRT-E6E7L2 DNA vaccine expresses HPV16 E6, E7 and L2 proteins, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response and humoral immune responses against tumor cells expressing these proteins, resulting in tumor cell ly… |
pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA and HPV16 L2/E6/E7 Fusion Protein TA-CIN Vaccine PVX-2 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a combination of two vaccines, a prime pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA vaccine and a boost HPV16 L2/E6/E7 fusion protein TA-CIN vaccine, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA vaccine is an antigen-specific DNA cancer vaccine consisting of the coding sequences of a signal peptide (pNGVL4a-Sig), a detox form of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) antigen E7, and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Upon… |
pNGVL4a-Sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 DNA Vaccine |
An antigen-specific DNA cancer vaccine consisting of the coding sequences of a signal peptide (pNGVL4a-Sig), a detox form of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) antigen E7, and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Upon administration, this vaccine may generate potent cytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell responses against E7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell death. |
Pocenbrodib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the bromodomain of the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) paralogs, CREB binding protein (CBP) and p300 (E1A-associated protein p300; p300 HAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pocenbrodib targets and binds to the bromodomain of CBP and p300. This disrupts the acetylation of histones and other proteins and prevents the co-activation of the androgen receptor (AR) including AR-v7. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in AR-… |
Podentamig |
A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), the epsilon domain of CD3 antigen (CD3e) found on T-lymphocytes, and albumin, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, podentamig targets and binds to BCMA on tumor cells and CD3e on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), thereby bringing BCMA-expressing tumor c… |
Pol Theta Inhibitor ART4215 |
An orally bioavailable and selective inhibitor of DNA polymerase (pol) theta, with potential chemosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Pol theta inhibitor ART4215 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of pol theta. This prevents pol theta-mediated repair of damaged DNA and may have a synergistic effect if administered in combination with agents that cause DNA damage. Pol theta plays a key role in DNA synthesis and repair. |
Polatuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (CD79B) conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of polatuzumab vedotin selectively binds to CD79B, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the sur… |
Polidocanol |
An alkyl polyglycol ether of lauryl alcohol with sclerosing and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intralesional administration, polidocanol induces endothelial cell injury by disrupting calcium signaling and nitric oxide pathways. Following endothelial damage, platelets aggregate at the site of injury and attach to the venous wall, resulting in a dense network of platelets, cellular debris, and fibrin that occludes the vessel. Inducing endothelial cell damage within melanoma metastase… |
Poliglusam |
A naturally occurring polysaccharide composed of beta-1,4-linked glucosamine residues with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poliglusam may, through a not yet fully elucidated mechanism, reduce advanced glycation end product (AGE) levels. This may reduce the interaction between AGEs and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE, AGER), which is overexpressed in some tumor types and is associated with poor patient outcomes. AGE-RAGE interaction may induce the… |
Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor GSK461364 |
A small molecule Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor GSK461364 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP comp… |
Polo-like Kinase 1 Inhibitor MK1496 |
An orally bioavailable Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitor MK1496 selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP c… |
Poly AU |
A synthetic polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid double-stranded RNA. Poly AU may stimulate the release of cytotoxic cytokines and, by inducing the production of interferon, may increase the number and tumoricidal activities of various immunohematopoietic cells. (NCI04) |
Poly IC |
A synthetic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid double-stranded RNA. Poly IC may stimulate the release of cytotoxic cytokines and, by inducing interferon-gamma production, may increase the number and tumoricidal activities of various immunohematopoietic cells. (NCI04) |
Poly ICLC |
A synthetic complex of carboxymethylcellulose, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, and poly-L-lysine double-stranded RNA. Poly ICLC may stimulate the release of cytotoxic cytokines and, by inducing interferon-gamma production, may increase the tumoricidal activities of various immunohematopoietic cells. (NCI04) |
Poly-alendronate Dextran-Guanidine Conjugate |
A polybisphosphonate dextran-guanidine conjugate with potential anti-resorptive and antineoplastic activities. Alendronic acid and aminoguanidine were conjugated sequentially to oxidized dextran resulting in an average of 8 alendronate and 50 guanidine groups coupled to the dextran backbone. Upon administration, the poly-alendronate dextran-guanidine conjugate inhibits the mevalonate pathway by inhibiting farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) which leads to a reduction in protein prenylation a… |
Polyamine Analog SL11093 |
A synthetic compound of the polyamine class of chemicals with potential antineoplastic activity. Natural endogenous polyamines bind to DNA and are involved in a number of cellular processes such as cell division, differentiation, and membrane function. SL11093 displaces these polyamines from their DNA binding sites, resulting in cessation of cell growth and cell death. (NCI04) |
Polyamine Analogue PG11047 |
A second generation polyamine analogue, synthesized through the restriction of molecular conformations of parent polyamine compounds, with potential antineoplastic activity. Polyamine analogue PG11047 may displace endogenous polyamines from DNA binding sites, thereby interfering with cell cycle processes dependent upon polyamine binding and function, and resulting in cell-cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, depletion of polyamines, and interference with gene and ligand-receptor activities i… |
Polyamine Transport Inhibitor AMXT-1501 Dicaprate |
The dicaprate salt form of AMXT-1501, an orally bioavailable polyamine transport inhibitor, with immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, AMXT-1501 targets, binds to and blocks polyamine transport from the bloodstream into the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby preventing cancer cell uptake. This decreases polyamine concentrations inside the TME and tumor cell, inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. In addition, AMXT-1501 may abrogate polyami… |
Polyandrol |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Castela polyandra and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Polyethylene Glycol Recombinant Endostatin |
A formulation containing recombinant endostatin attached to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Endostatin, a 20 kDa C-terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII, induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction of tumor cell growth. Modification with PEG extends the circulation half-life of endostatin, improves stability and increases solubility i… |
Polyethyleneglycol-7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin DFP-13318 |
A long-acting formulation composed of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), a camptothecin derivative and active metabolite of irinotecan conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG), via a proprietary, cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the proprietary linkage system allows for very slow release of SN38 from the formulation. Upon release, SN38 selectively stabilizes covalent topoisomerase I-DNA complexes, and results in single-stranded and double-stran… |
Poly-gamma Glutamic Acid |
A water-soluble and biodegradable polymer naturally synthesized by various strains of Bacillus and composed of D- and L-glutamic acid polymerized via gamma-amide linkages, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, poly-gamma glutamic acid may augment the immune response by increasing the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and inducing the activation of macrophage and natural killer (NK) cells. IFN-gamma is a major mediator… |
Polymer-conjugated IL-15 Receptor Agonist NKTR-255 |
A long-acting formulation composed of the human cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) that is conjugated by polymers, with potential immunomodulating and anti-tumor activities. Upon administration of polymer-conjugated IL-15 receptor agonist NKTR-255, the IL-15 moiety targets and binds to the alpha subunit of the IL-15 receptor on natural killer (NK) and T-cells, thereby activating the IL-15-mediated pathway. This leads to the expansion and activation of natural killer (NK) cells and memory CD8+ T-… |
Polymer-encapsulated Luteolin Nanoparticle |
A nanoparticle formulation containing the poorly water-soluble naturally-occurring flavonoid luteolin encapsulated within a water-soluble polymer, with potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptosis-inducing and chemopreventive activities. Upon administration of the polymer-encapsulated luteolin nanoparticle, luteolin scavenges free radicals, protects cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage and induces direct tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cells. This inh… |
Polymeric Camptothecin Prodrug XMT-1001 |
A polymeric prodrug of camptothecin (CPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Polymeric camptothecin prodrug XMT-1001 consists of CPT conjugated to the 60-70 kDa, inert, bio-degradable, hydrophilic copolymer poly[1-hydroxymethylene hydroxymethyl formal] (PHF). Through a dual-phase, non-enzymatic release mechanism, CPT is first released in plasma from XMT-1001 as the lipophilic prodrugs CPT-SI (a succinimidoglycinate derivative) and CPT-SA (a succinamidoyl glycinate derivative), which are … |
Polymeric Nanoparticle-conjugated Camptothecin DAN-222 |
A polymeric nanoparticle formulation of the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin (CPT), an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese tree Camptotheca acuminata, covalently conjugated, via a linker, to a biocompatible polymer scaffold, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of polymeric nanoparticle-conjugated CPT DAN-222, the nanoparticles accumulate in tumor tissue and CPT is released from the formulation at the tumor site and taken up by tumor cells. During the S… |
Polypodium leucotomos Extract |
A nutritional supplement composed of an aqueous extract derived from the leaves of the tropical fern belonging to the Polypodiaceae family, Polypodium leucotomos (PL; Phlebodium aureum), with potential photoprotective, skin protective, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antioxidant activities. This extract contains many phenolic compounds, such as ferulic, caffeic, coumaric and vanillic acid, which are mainly responsible for this extract’s effects. Upon administration, Polypodium leucoto… |
Polysaccharide-K |
A protein-bound polysaccharide derived from the mushroom Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail) with immunoadjuvant and potential antitumor activities. Although its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that polysaccharide-K induces peripheral blood monocyte secretion of IL-8 and TNF-alpha, induces T cell proliferation, and prevents cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. This agent has also been reported to stimulate macrophages to produce r… |
Polysialic Acid |
A highly negative-charged carbohydrate composed of a linear polymer of alpha 2,8-linked sialic acid residue with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Polysialic acid (PSA) is mainly attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a membrane-bound glycoprotein overexpressed in certain types of cancers. In embryonic tissue PSA-NCAM is abundantly expressed and PSA plays an important role in formation and remodeling of the neural system through modulation of the adhesive properties of NCAM… |
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid |
A fatty acid containing more than one double bond (C=C). The essential fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that contain 2 or more cis double bonds. Dietary intake of some PUFAs may have beneficial effects on blood pressure, serum lipds, and inflammation. Some PUFAs, such as omega-3 PUFAs, may have antineoplastic or chemopreventive activities. |
Polyvalent Antigen-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A multivalent cancer vaccine comprised of the five tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) globo H, GM2 ganglioside, Tn-MUC1, TF, and sTn conjugated with the immunoadjuvant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, polyvalent antigen-KLH conjugate vaccine may induce production of IgG and IgM antibodies and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing these TAAs, resulting in tumor cell death and tumor growth i… |
Polyvalent Melanoma Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of whole irradiated heterologous melanoma cells which express multiple melanoma-related antigens. Polyvalent melanoma vaccine may stimulate an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell immune response in the host, resulting in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. (NCI04) |
Polzastobart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory immune checkpoint receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B member 2 (LILRB2; immunoglobulin-like transcript 4; ILT4; lymphocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 2; LIR2; monocyte/macrophage immunoglobulin-like receptor 10; MIR-10; CD85d), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, polzastobart targets and binds to LILRB2. This prevents the binding of LILRB2 ligands, includin… |
Pomalidomide |
An orally bioavailable derivative of thalidomide with potential immunomodulating, antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Although its exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, pomalidomide appears to inhibit TNF-alpha production, enhance the activity of T cells and natural killer (NK) cells and enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In addition, pomalidomide may inhibit tumor angiogenesis, promote cell cycle arrest in susceptible tumor cell populations… |
Pomegranate Juice |
A natural juice isolated from the fruit of the plant Punica granatum with antioxidant, potential antineoplastic, and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate juice contains flavonoids which promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. The flavonoids in pomegranate juice also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, in some cell types, may … |
Pomegranate Liquid Extract |
A liquid extract preparation derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds with antioxidant, and potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Pomegranate liquid extract contains flavonoids which may promote differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells by down-regulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stimulating migration inhibitory factor (MIF), thus inhibiting angiogenesis. Pomegranate liquid extract flavanoids also scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, i… |
Ponatinib |
An orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); in addition, it inhibits the tyr… |
Ponatinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of an orally bioavailable multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Ponatinib inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-Abl, including T315I, the highly drug therapy-resistant missense mutation of Bcr-Abl. This agent also inhibits other tyrosine kinases including those associated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs); i… |
Pooled Mutant KRAS-Targeted Long Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing a mixture of long peptides that are derived from tumor-specific mutant forms of the KRAS (K-ras) antigen, with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities Upon administration of the pooled mutant KRAS-targeted long peptide vaccine, the KRAS peptides may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against KRAS-expressing tumor cells. KRAS, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that plays a key role in t… |
Porcupine Inhibitor CGX1321 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic, protective and regenerative activities. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor CGX1321 specifically targets and binds to PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby inhibiting the post-translational palmitoylation and secretion of Wnt ligands, thus preventing the activation of Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibiting cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. In addi… |
Porcupine Inhibitor ETC-159 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ETC-159 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational palmitoylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine catalyzes the palmitoylati… |
Porcupine Inhibitor WNT974 |
An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WNT974 binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoylation … |
Porcupine Inhibitor Wnt-C59 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor Wnt-C59 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (M… |
Porcupine Inhibitor XNW7201 |
An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PORCN inhibitor XNW7201 targets, binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. PORCN, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required f… |
Porfimer Sodium |
The sodium salt of a mixture of oligomers formed by ether and ester linkages of up to eight porphyrin units with photodynamic activity. Absorbed selectively by tumor cells, porfimer produces oxygen radicals after activation by 630 nm wavelength laser light, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity. In addition, tumor cell death may occur due to ischemic necrosis secondary to vascular occlusion that appears to be partly mediated by the release of thromboxane A2. |
Porfiromycin |
An N-methyl derivative of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces ardus and other Streptomyces bacterial species. Bioreduced porfiromycin generates oxygen radicals and alkylates DNA, producing interstrand cross-links and single-strand breaks, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Porfiromycin is preferentially toxic to hypoxic cells. (NCI04) |
Porustobart |
A recombinant human heavy chain only antibody (HCAb) directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, porustobart targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. In addition… |
Powdered Mixed Berry Extract Supplement |
A dietary powder supplement consisting of a mixture of various, as of yet not fully elucidated, berries, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. As berries are rich in phytonutrients, such as anthocyanins, flavonols, ellagitannins, galltannins, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids, the antineoplastic effects of the powdered mixed berry extract supplement on cancer cells may be attributable to the phytonutrients’ antioxidant and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administrat… |
Poziotinib |
An orally bioavailable, quinazoline-based, irreversible pan-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, poziotinib inhibits EGFR (HER1 or ErbB1), HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which these receptors are overexpressed and/or mutated. EGFRs, cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, play key roles in cellular proliferation and … |
Poziotinib Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of poziotinib, an orally bioavailable, quinazoline-based, irreversible pan-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, poziotinib inhibits EGFR (HER1 or ErbB1), HER2 and HER4, thereby inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells in which these receptors are overexpressed and/or mutated. EGFRs, cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated or mutated in a variety of cancer cell types, pl… |
P-p68 Inhibitor RX-5902 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of phosphorylated-p68 RNA helicase (P-p68), with potential anti-proliferative and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, P-p68 inhibitor RX-5902 may both inhibit the activity of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein and facilitate the induction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21). This may prevent G2/M cell cycle progression and lead to growth inhibition in tumor cells. P-p68 is overexpressed in various types … |
PPAR Alpha Antagonist TPST-1120 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, selective and competitive antagonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARa), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, TPST-1120 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of PPARa, thereby blocking transcription of PPARa target genes leading to an intracellular metabolism shift from fatty acid oxidation (FAO) to glycolysis in FAO-dependent tumors and reducing the production of fatty aci… |
PPAR Gamma Inhibitor FX-909 |
An orally available inverse agonist and inhibitor of the transcription factor (TF) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma; PPARG), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PPARG inhibitor FX-909 selectively targets and covalently binds to a region of PPARG that is sequestered from the mutation site. The binding promotes a repressive conformation of PPARG and inhibits the activity of PPARG. This inhibits both basal- and ligand-activated transcript… |
PR1 Leukemia Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing PR1, a 9 amino-acid human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 restricted peptide derived from proteinase 3, with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Vaccination with PR1 leukemia peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing proteinase 3, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Often overexpressed in leukemic cells, proteinase 3 is a serine proteinase that activates progelatinase A and is involv… |
Pracinostat |
An orally available, small-molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pracinostat inhibits HDACs, which may result in the accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division; and, finally, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may possess improved metabolic, pharmacokinet… |
Pradusinstobart |
A humanized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4k) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pradusinstobart targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. … |
Pralatrexate |
A folate analogue inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) exhibiting high affinity for reduced folate carrier-1 (RFC-1) with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive activities. Pralatrexate selectively enters cells expressing RFC-1; intracellularly, this agent is highly polyglutamylated and competes for the folate binding site of DHFR, blocking tetrahydrofolate synthesis, which may result in depletion of nucleotide precursors; inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis; and apoptotic tumor… |
Pralsetinib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of mutant forms of and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase RET, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pralsetinib binds to and targets various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion product. RET gene mutations and translocations result in the upregulation and/or activation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in various cancer cell types; dysregulation of RET activity plays a key role in the developm… |
Praluzatamab Ravtansine |
A probody drug conjugate (PDC) composed of a recombinant antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD166, which is masked by a cleavable masking peptide, and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent maytansinoid DM4, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of praluzatamab ravtansine and migration to the tumor microenvironment (TME), the cleavable masking peptide, which prevent anti-CD166 antibody binding to the CD166 expressed on both normal cells and tumor cells, is … |
PRAME-targeting T-cell Receptor/Inducible Caspase 9 BPX-701 |
Human allogeneic T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-01-restricted, preferentially-expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and containing the chemical induction of dimerization (CID) suicide/safety switch, composed of a drug binding domain coupled to the signaling domain of the suicide enzyme caspase-9, with potential antineoplastic activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are … |
PRAME-targeting TCR-engineered NK Cells |
A preparation of natural killer (NK) cells that are engineered to express a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the PRAME-targeting TCR-engineered NK cells specifically recognize and bind to PRAME expressed on cancer cells, thereby lysing the PRAME-expressing cancer cells. PRAME is overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. |
Pravastatin Sodium |
The sodium salt of pravastatin with cholesterol-lowering and potential antineoplastic activities. Pravastatin competitively inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a key step in cholesterol synthesis. This agent lowers plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels, and modulates immune responses by suppressing MHC II (major histocompatibility complex II) on interferon gamma-stimulated, antigen-pres… |
PRC2 Inhibitor ORIC-944 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PRC2 inhibitor ORIC-944 targets and binds to the regulatory embryonic ectoderm development (EED) subunit of PRC2. This prevents the methyltransferase activity of PRC2, spefifically the methylation of histone 3 at lysine27 (H3K27). This depletes H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) and modulates the expression of target genes. This may inhibit tumor … |
Precemtabart Tocentecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of precemtabart, a human immunoglobulin G1-kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5; CEA), conjugated with tocentecan, which consists of a linker and the cytotoxic agent and camptothecin analog exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of precemtabart tocentecan, the precemtabart moiety targets and binds to CEACAM5 expres… |
Prednimustine |
The prednisolone ester of chlorambucil and nitrogen mustard alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity. Prednimustine itself is not cytotoxic, however, it becomes cytotoxic upon hydrolysis by serum esterases to chlorambucil. Therefore, the increased potency of prednimustine is linked to the prolonged availability of free chlorambucil. |
Prednisolone |
A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisolone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cells populations. (NCI04) |
Prednisone |
A synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. After cell surface receptor attachment and cell entry, prednisone enters the nucleus where it binds to and activates specific nuclear receptors, resulting in an altered gene expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine production. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis in sensitive tumor cell populations. |
Prexasertib |
An inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1 (chk1) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, prexasertib selectively binds to chk1, thereby preventing activity of chk1 and abrogating the repair of damaged DNA. This may lead to an accumulation of damaged DNA and may promote genomic instability and apoptosis. Prexasertib may potentiate the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reverse tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Chk1, a serine/threonine kinase, mediates cell c… |
Prexigebersen |
A liposomal formulation containing the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, liposome-incorporated Grb2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide binds directly to and blocks Grb2 mRNA, thereby preventing Grb2 protein synthesis, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation of cancer cells overexpressing Grb2. Grb2, an adaptor protein involved in growth signaling pathways, is upregulated in certain t… |
Prifetrastat |
An inhibitor of MYST histone acetyltransferase (HAT) KAT6, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, prifetrastat targets and binds to KAT6, and inhibits the acetylation of histones and other nonhistone substrates. This may disrupt gene expression and inhibit the proliferation of tumors that overexpress KAT6. KAT6A (MOZ; MYST3) and KAT6B (MORF; MOZ2; MYST4), commonly amplified genes in solid tumors, play key roles in cell cycle regulation and in tumorigenesis. |
Primary Prostate Cancer Tissue/hTERT/Survivin mRNA-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cells (DCs) vaccine targeting prostate cancer with immunostimulating activity. The autologous DC vaccine is prepared via transfecting DCs with mRNAs extracted from primary prostate cancer tissue, and mRNAs of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and survivin. Upon administration, this DC vaccine may elicit a potent cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells, resulting in tumor cell death. Both hTERT and survivin are essential in neoplastic … |
Prime Cancer Vaccine MVA-BN-CV301 |
A cancer priming vaccine consisting of a proprietary version of the recombinant vaccinia viral vector, modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN), encoding both the two human tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1), and TRICOM, which is comprised of the three human immune-enhancing co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of MVA-BN-CV301, … |
Prinomastat |
A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Prinomastat inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (specifically, MMP-2, 9, 13, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. As a lipophilic agent, prinomastat crosses the blood-brain barrier. (NCI04) |
Prizloncabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes engineered to express a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, prizloncabtagene autoleucel targets and binds to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 are B-cell-spe… |
PRMT1 Inhibitor |
Any agent that inhibits protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1; histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT1; interferon receptor 1-bound protein 4). |
PRMT1 Inhibitor GSK3368715 |
An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1; Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT1; Interferon receptor 1-bound protein 4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, GSK3368715 inhibits monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine-bearing substrates, including histones, estrogen receptors, RNA-binding proteins, and numerous non-histone substrates catalyzed by PRMT1. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration, and … |
PRMT5 Inhibitor AMG 193 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor AMG 193 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, inc… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor AUR-105 |
An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor AUR-105 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellular… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor AZD3470 |
An orally bioavailable second generation methylthioadenosine (MTA)-selective small molecule inhibitor of the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor AZD3470 inhibits PRMT5 in the presence of MTA, thereby specifically inhibiting the function of PRMT5 solely within methylthioadenosine phosphoylase (MTAP)-deleted cancer cells and not in normal, healthy cells. By inhibiting the methyltransferase activity of PR… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor BGB-58067 |
A methylthioadenosine (MTA)-selective inhibitor of the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PRMT5 inhibitor BGB-58067 targets, binds to and inhibits PRMT5 in the presence of MTA, thereby specifically inhibiting the function of PRMT5 solely within methylthioadenosine phosphoylase (MTAP)-deleted cancer cells and not in normal, healthy cells. By inhibiting the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5, levels of both monomethylated … |
PRMT5 Inhibitor PRT811 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT811 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, incl… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor SH3765 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor SH3765 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cellul… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor SKL27969 |
A central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant, orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor SKL27969 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes … |
PRMT5 Inhibitor SYHX2001 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor SYHX2001 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, including cell… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor TNG462 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor TNG462 selectively targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of PRMT5. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular… |
PRMT5 Inhibitor TNG908 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor TNG908 selectively binds to PRMT5 and inhibits its function. By inhibiting its methyltransferase activity, levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H4 are decreased. This modulates the expression of genes involved in several cellular processes, incl… |
PRMT5-MTA Inhibitor MRTX1719 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5)-methylthioadenosine (MTA) complex, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, PRMT5-MTA inhibitor MRTX1719 selectively binds to the PRMT5-MTA complex that is elevated in methylthioadenosine phosphoylase (MTAP)-deleted cancer cells, thereby specifically inhibiting the function of PRMT5 solely within MTAP-deleted cancer cells and not in normal, healthy cells. By inhibiting the methyltrans… |
Proapoptotic Sulindac Analog CP-461 |
An orally bioavailable second-generation selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug (SAAND) and analog of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac, with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, CP-461 specifically binds to and blocks the activity of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway. Inhibition of cGMP-PDE permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unoppo… |
Procarbazine |
A methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alkylation reaction. |
Procarbazine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a methylhydrazine derivative with antineoplastic and mutagenic activities. Although the exact mode of cytotoxicity has not been elucidated, procarbazine, after metabolic activation, appears to inhibit the trans-methylation of methionine into transfer RNA (t-RNA), thereby preventing protein synthesis and consequently DNA and RNA synthesis. This agent may also undergo auto-oxidation, resulting in the formation of cytotoxic free radicals which damage DNA through an alky… |
Procaspase Activating Compound-1 VO-100 |
An orally bioavailable procaspase activating compound-1 (PAC-1), with potential proapoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VO-100 binds to and forms a chelating complex with zinc (Zn) ions inside cells, which prevents the binding of Zn ions to procaspase-3 (PC3) and abrogates the Zn-mediated inhibition of PC3. This allows for the proteolytic autoactivation of PC3 into the active form caspase-3. This results in the selective caspase-3-mediated induction of apoptosis and c… |
Prodencel |
An autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccine targeting prostate cancer (PC)-specific antigen(s), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of prodencel, the DCs stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against PC cells expressing the antigen(s), resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Prodrug PARP Inhibitor TSL-1502 |
An orally bioavailable glucuronide prodrug of TSL-1502M, an inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, prodrug PARP inhibitor TSL-1502 is selectively converted by the enzyme beta-glucuronidase in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to its active form TSL-1502M. TSL-1502M selectively targets and binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of DNA breaks via the base-excis… |
Proglumide |
An orally bioavailable cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor antagonist, with gastric acid reducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, proglumide binds to and blocks both cholecystokinin receptor type A (CCK-AR; CCK1-R) and gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor (CCK-BR; CCK2-R). This prevents the binding of cholecystokinin and gastrin to the CCK receptors, and inhibits both gastrointestinal (GI) motility and gastric secretions. This may also decrease fibrosis in the… |
Prohibitin-Targeting Peptide 1 |
A chimeric, 25-mer peptide that targets prohibitin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Prohibitin-targeting peptide 1 (prohibitin-TP01) consists of a fat-targeting motif (CKGGRAKDC), two repeats of a proapoptotic peptide motif (KLAKLAK) and a GG linker. This peptide binds specifically to prohibitin in the white adipose vasculature; upon receptor-mediated cell internalization, the ligand/receptor complex triggers apoptosis and results in ablation of white fat. Destruction of white fat may… |
Prolgolimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, prolgolimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin super… |
Prostate Cancer Vaccine ONY-P1 |
A cell-based vaccine derived from prostate cancer with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Prostate cancer vaccine ONY-P1 is derived from three irradiated allogeneic prostate cancer cell lines that represent different stages of prostate cancer and express a broad range of prostate and prostate cancer antigens. Upon administration, this vaccine may stimulate a host immune response against prostate cancer cells; in the vaccination schedule, the first two vaccinations are… |
Prostate Health Cocktail Dietary Supplement |
A dietary supplement consisting of a blend of 8 natural ingredients with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. This dietary supplement contains vitamin D3 (as cholecalciferol), vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopherol), selenium (as L-selenomethionine), epigallocatechin (green tea extract), saw palmetto (berry extract), lycopene, and the isoflavonoids daidzein and genistein. This combination preparation may decrease prostate cell growth and inhibit prostate carcinogenesis. |
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase-Sargramostim Fusion Protein PA2024 |
A genetically-engineered protein formed by the fusion of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and sargramostim (GM-CSF). Vaccination with antigen-presenting cells (APC) loaded with prostatic acid phosphatase-sargramostim fusion protein may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express PAP. (NCI05) |
Protease-activated Anti-EGFR/Anti-CD3 Bispecific Antibody Prodrug CX-904 |
A recombinant bispecific antibody prodrug composed of a bispecific antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1; ErbB1) and the human T-cell surface antigen CD3 that is linked to a proprietary masking peptide through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of protease-activated anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 bispecific antibody prodrug CX-904, the linkage system is s… |
Protease-activated Interferon Alpha-2b Prodrug CX-801 |
A dually-masked, prodrug form of the human cytokine interferon alpha-2b (IFN-alpha-2b), composed of IFN-alpha-2b linked to dual proprietary masking peptides through protease-cleavable linkers, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of protease-activated IFN-alpha-2b prodrug CX-801, the linkage system is stable in the circulation and, upon extravasation into the tumor microenvironment (TME), the peptide mask is cleaved by tumor-associated proteases, … |
Proteasome Inhibitor TQB3602 |
An orally bioavailable proteasome inhibitor (PI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, proteasome inhibitor TQB3602 inhibits the activity of the proteasome, blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome, which leads to an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins, the disruption of various cell signaling pathways, and resulting in the induction of apoptosis. Proteasomes are large protease complexes that degrade unneeded or damaged prot… |
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PF-06939999 |
An orally available inhibitor of protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5; PRMT5) with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated, orally administered PRMT5 inhibitor PF-06939999 inhibits the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5, thereby decreasing the levels of monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3, and H4, and modulating the expression o… |
Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor PRT543 |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), with potential antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has not been completely determined, upon oral administration, PRMT5 inhibitor PRT543 selectively binds to the substrate recognition site of PRMT5 and inhibits its methyltransferase activity. This decreases the levels of both monomethylated and dimethylated arginine residues in histones H2A, H3 and H… |
Protein Phosphatase 2A Inhibitor LB-100 |
A water soluble inhibitor of the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), with potential chemo- and radiotherapy enhancing activity. Upon injection, PP2A inhibitor LB-100 inhibits the removal of phosphate groups from proteins essential for cell cycle progression. When used with radio- or chemotherapy treatment, this agent prevents the activation of PP2A-mediated repair mechanisms and allows for malignant cells to progress through the cell cycle without having their damaged DNA repaired. This enhances t… |
Protein Stabilized Liposomal Docetaxel Nanoparticles |
A formulation containing protein-stabilized liposome nanoparticles encapsulating the poorly water-soluble, second-generation taxane analog docetaxel with antineoplastic activity. Docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. This agent also inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and displays immunomodulatory and pro-inflammato… |
Protein-engineered Interleukin-12 XTX301 |
An engineered form of the human cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) in which the IL-12 is conjugated, via a tumor protease-cleavable linker, to a protein-engineered masking domain that prevents the binding of IL-12 to its receptors while in circulation and a half-life extension domain that prolongs circulating half-life, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of protein-engineered IL-12 XTX301, IL-12 is bound to the masking domain and pharmacologically … |
Protein-engineered Interleukin-2 XTX202 |
A modified form of the recombinant form of human endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), that is masked with a protein domain, with potential immunoregulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of protein-engineered IL-2 XTX202, IL-2 is bound to the protein and pharmacologically inactive. IL-2 does not become active until cleaved by specific proteases in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Upon proteolytic cleavage, unbound and active IL-2 locally binds to the IL-2 receptor be… |
Protopine/Nuciferine Supplement |
A nutritional supplement composed of the two alkaloids protopine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid occurring in opium poppies and other plants of the Papaveraceae family, and nuciferine, an alkaloid component of Nelumbo nucifera and Nymphaea caerulea, and in certain plants of the Papaveraceae family, with antihistamine, anticholinergic, analgesic, smooth muscle relaxing, central nervous system (CNS) suppressing and antipsychotic-like activities. Upon administration, protopine inhibits histamine … |
Proxalutamide |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, proxalutamide binds to AR in target tissues, inhibits androgen-induced receptor activation, and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot translocate to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation. In addition, proxalutamide induces AR downregulation, thereby further prev… |
PSA Prostate Cancer Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing the prostate specific antigen (PSA) with potential antineoplastic activity. PSA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and is used as a tumor marker for both diagnosis and treatment evaluation. Vaccination with PSA peptide vaccine may produce anti-PSA antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing this antigen, thereby decreasing tumor cel… |
PSA RNA-Pulsed Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cell vaccine with potential immunostimulatory activity. Dendritic cells harvested from a prostate cancer patient are transfected with the mRNA encoding for prostate specific antigen (PSA), a tumor marker secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells. When reintroduced back to the patient, these PSA RNA pulsed autologous dendritic cells may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against PSA-positive prostate cancer cells. |
PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine |
A prostate cancer vaccine containing prostate specific antigen (PSA) combined with the cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal vaccination, PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF vaccine may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing this antigen, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth. PSA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial … |
PSA/PSMA DNA Plasmid INO-5150 |
A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the PSA/PSMA DNA plasmid INO-5150, both PSA and PSMA are translated in cells which then activate the immune system. This induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing PSA and PSMA. This may result in both… |
PSA/PSMA/PSCA-encoding DNA Plasmid Vaccine PF-06755990 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intramuscular electroporation, the PSA/PSMA/PSCA-encoding DNA Plasmid Vaccine PF-06755990 expresses PSA, PSMA and PSCA, which may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that are … |
PSA:154-163(155L) Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a synthetic peptide with an amino acid sequence corresponding to positions 154-163 of the amino acid sequence for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with a leucine substitution at position 155. Upon administration, PSA:154-163 (155L) peptide vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells that express PSA. (NCI05) |
PSA-OP Peptide Vaccine |
A 30-residue prostate specific antigen (PSA) oligoepitope peptide (OP) vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. PSA-OP peptide vaccine contains the PSA-1 and PSA-3 HLA-A2 epitopes and the PSA-9 HLA-class I-A3 epitope joined by peptide linker sequences. In an animal model, vaccination with this agent has been shown to elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response. (NCI04) |
PSA-PAP/KLH-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with the prostate-specific tumor associated antigens (TAAs) prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP), and conjugated to the immunostimulant Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, prostate cancer antigen/KLH-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount anti-tumoral cytotoxic… |
Pseudoisocytidine |
A synthetic, pyrimidine C-5 nucleoside with antineoplastic activity. Pseudoisocytidine, after conversion into pseudoisocytidine triphosphate, is incorporated into DNA and RNA eventually halting tumor cell proliferation. Compared to 5-azacytidine and cytarabine, this agent shows enhanced stability and resistance to enzymatic deamination. |
PSMA/CD3 Tri-specific T-cell Activating Construct HPN424 |
A recombinant antibody derivative composed of tri-specific T-cell activating construct (TriTAC) directed against the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; FOLH1) and the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes and an albumin-binding domain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, PSMA/CD3 tri-specific T-cell antibody construct HPN424 targets and binds PSMA on tumor cells and CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs)… |
PSMA/FRa Bispecific Peptide-drug Conjugate CBP-1018 |
A bispecific peptide-drug conjugate (PDC) composed of dual ligands that target human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and human folate receptor alpha (FRa; FolRa; FOLR1) conjugated, via the cathepsin B-cleavable MC-Val-Cit-PABC linker, to the auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PSMA/FRa bispecific PDC CBP-1018, the dual ligands target and bind to FRa and PSMA expre… |
PSMA/TARP Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine containing epitopes of T cell receptor gamma-chain alternate reading frame protein (TARP) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in combination with a Poly IC-LC immunoadjuvant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PSMA/TARP peptide vaccine may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against TARP- and PSMA-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity. The nuclear protein TARP and PSMA are commonly expressed… |
PSMA-specific Targeting Module TMpPSMA |
A preparation of soluble adapter molecules consisting of an antigen-binding moiety targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), linked to a peptide motif recognizable by UniCAR02-T, that may be used to activate UniCAR02-T. Upon administration of PSMA-specific targeting module (TM) TMpPSMA, and upon co-administration of UniCAR02-T, the antigen-binding moiety of TMpPSMA targets and binds to cancer cells expressing PSMA, and the binding domain of… |
PSMA-targeted Docetaxel Nanoparticles BIND-014 |
A proprietary preparation of polymeric nanoparticles containing the second-generation taxane docetaxel, targeted to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with antineoplastic activity. PSMA-targeted docetaxel nanoparticles BIND-014 carry docetaxel within a matrix of polylactic acid covered with a coating of polyethylene glycol; embedded on the surface of the polyethylene glycol coating are ligands targeted to PSMA. BIND-014 allows gradual release of docetaxel upon degradation of the polyl… |
PSMA-targeted Tubulysin B-containing Conjugate EC1169 |
An injectable, water soluble, small molecule drug conjugate (SMDC) containing a ligand specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated via a stable, enzyme-cleavable linker to the cytotoxic agent tubulysin B hydrazide (TubBH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of PSMA-targeted tubulysin B-containing conjugate EC1169, the PSMA ligand specifically targets and binds to PSMA, a protein which is abundantly expressed on the surface of metastatic and horm… |
PSMA-targeting Fluorescent Imaging Agent MDX1201-A488 |
A recombinant, human monoclonal antibody targeting an extracellular epitope of human prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) that is conjugated with A488, a photostable fluorescent dye with a high quantum yield, with potential imaging activity. Upon intravenous administration of PSMA-targeting fluorescent imaging agent MDX1201-A488, the MDX1201 moiety targets PSMA expressed on cancer cells. Subsequently, the A488 moiety can then be visualized by fluorescence-based imaging and the amount of … |
PSMA-targeting T-cell Redirecting Agent JNJ-80038114 |
An agent that targets the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and redirects T-cells to PSMA-expressing tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action has not been elucidated, upon administration, PSMA-targeting T-cell redirecting agent JNJ-80038114 targets PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells, and redirects T-cells to the PSMA-expressing tumor cells. This may result in T-cell-mediated cell death of PSMA-exp… |
Pterostilbene |
A naturally-derived stilbenoid structurally related to resveratrol, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, antineoplastic and cytoprotective activities. Upon administration, pterostilbene exerts its anti-oxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing oxidative stress and ROS-induced cell damage. It may also activate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated pathway and increase the expression of various antioxidant… |
PTTC Topical Ointment ACU-D1 |
A topical ointment formulation containing pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate) (PTTC), an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome, with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical administration of the PTTC topical ointment ACU-D1, PTTC inhibits the activity of the 26S proteasome, blocking the targeted proteolysis normally performed by the proteasome and resulting in an accumulation of unwanted or misfolded proteins. This disrupts variou… |
pTVG-HP Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing plasmid DNA encoding human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) (pTVG-HP) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pTVG-HP plasmid DNA vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to generate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against PAP-expressing prostate cancer cells. PAP or prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP) is a tumor associated antigen (TAA) that may be overexpressed in prostate cancer. |
Pucotenlimab |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pucotenlimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane prote… |
Pulocimab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2; VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, pulocimab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2 on vascular endothelial cells, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of… |
Pulrodemstat |
An orally available inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, pulrodemstat binds to and inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone H3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor (remove hyphen) suppressor genes. This may l… |
Pumitepa |
A thiotepa derivative with potential antineoplastic alkylating activity. Although the exact mechanism of action of pumitepa has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to work through alkylation, thereby causing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest. |
pUMVC3-hIGFBP-2 Multi-epitope Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine containing mammalian expression vector, pUMVC3, encoding epitopes of human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 2 (hIGFBP-2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, pUMVC3-hIGFBP-2 multi-epitope plasmid DNA vaccine may produce IGFBP-2 that binds to cell surface, likely via integrin complexes. This results in the dephosphorylation of the focal adhesion-kinase (FAK) and of the p42/44 MAP-kinases, thereby inactivating them; both kinases a… |
pUMVC3-IGFBP2-HER2-IGF1R Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A polyepitope plasmid DNA vaccine containing the mammalian expression vector pUMVC3 encoding epitopes derived from three tumor-associated antigens (TAAs): human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination, pUMVC3-IGFBP2-HER2-IGF1R plasmid DNA vaccine transfects local keratinocytes, whic… |
Puquitinib |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a key role in the B-cell receptor (BC… |
Puquitinib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of puquitinib, an orally available selective inhibitor of the delta form of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase subunit delta; PI3K-delta; PI3Kdelta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, puquitinib selectively binds to the ATP-binding pocket of PI3K-delta and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation of and induces cell death in PI3K-delta over-expressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta also plays a ke… |
Purine Analogue NSC 750854 |
A 5’-sulfamoyl purine and the 6-desamino derivative of the 5’-O-aminosulfonyl-adenosine NSC133114, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, purine analogue NSC 750854 may interfere with DNA replication and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation. |
Purinostat Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of purinostat, an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) classes I and IIb, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, purinostat selectively inhibits the catalytic activity of class I and IIb HDACs, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated chromatin histones, the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, and the selective transcription of t… |
Puromycin |
An aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3’ terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture. (NCI04) |
Puromycin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of puromycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. Acting as an analog of the 3’ terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent has antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antineoplastic properties; it is used as an antibiotic in cell culture. |
PVA Microporous Hydrospheres/Doxorubicin Hydrochloride |
An embolic material composed of microspheres of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Doxorubicin hydrochloride-loaded microspheres may be used as a drug delivery vehicle during embolization of tumor vasculature. Doxorubicin intercalates DNA, interferes with catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, and causes DNA adducts and other DNA damage, resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. When used in tumor vasculature em… |
pVAXrcPSAv53l DNA Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing xenogenic DNA from rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) that encodes prostate specific antigen (PSA) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon repeated intradermal administration via electroporation, pVAXrcPSAv53l vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PSA-expressing prostate cancer cells. Rhesus PSA is 89% homologous to human PSA. |
Pyrazoloacridine |
A 9-methoxy acridine compound containing a reducible 5-nitro substituent. Pyrazoloacridine appears to intercalate into DNA and inhibit RNA synthesis, DNA synthesis, and the activities of topoisomerases I and II, thereby causing cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Pyridyl Cyanoguanidine CHS 828 |
A pyridyl cyanoguanidine that exhibits antitumor activity by an unknown mechanism. (NCI) |
Pyrotinib |
An orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinases that are upregulated in various tumor c… |
Pyrotinib Dimaleate |
The dimaleate ester of pyrotinib, an orally bioavailable, dual kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1 or HER-1) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, pyrotinib binds to and inhibits both EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumor cells. EGFR and HER2 are receptor tyrosine kinase… |
Pyroxamide |
A synthetic derivative of hydroxamic acid with antineoplastic properties, Pyroxamide inhibits histone deacetylases involved in transcription; induces hyperacetylation of core histones, modulating chromatin structure and affecting transcription of some genes that inhibit tumor growth; and induces growth arrest and apoptosis. Pyroxamide is used in clinical studies for cancer chemotherapy. (NCI04) |
Pyruvate Kinase Inhibitor TLN-232 |
A synthetic cyclic heptapeptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Pyruvate kinase (PK) inhibitor TLN-232 targets pyruvate kinase M2 (M2PK), which may disrupt tumor cell anaerobic glycolysis. M2PK is a dimeric isoform of PK and the predominant PK isoform found in tumor cells |
Pyruvate Kinase M2 Isoform Activator TP-1454 |
An orally bioavailable activator of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, PKM2 activator TP-1454 locks PKM2 into the active tetrameric form. This may prevent the production of glycolytic intermediates by the less active dimer form of PKM2, depleting the supply of glycolytic intermediates which are needed for tumor cell growth. This may also inhibit immune suppression mediated by the dimer form of PKM2. Altog… |
Qilisheng Immunoregulatory Oral Solution |
An oral solution containing Spondias axillaris, Panax ginseng, schisandra berry, hawthorn, soybean and an as of yet not elucidated bacterium, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon oral administration of the qilisheng immunoregulatory oral solution, the ingredients in qilisheng may modulate the immune system. |
Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) Recombinant Vaccine |
A non-infectious recombinant, quadrivalent vaccine prepared from the highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) of the major capsid (L1) protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, and 18 with immunoprophylactic activity. L1 proteins are produced by separate fermentations in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae, self-assembled into VLPs, and adsorbed onto amorphous aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulfate adjuvant following purification. The immunoprophylactic efficacy of L1 VLP vaccine… |
Quaratusugene Ozeplasmid |
A formulation composed of DOTAP:cholesterol liposomal nanoparticles complexed with a plasmid expression cassette encoding human FUS1 protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DOTAP:chol-Fus1 liposome complex accumulates mainly in the lungs and particularly in cancer cells. Upon transfer of the Fus1 gene into tumor cells, the expression of Fus1 may induce tumor cell apoptosis and suppress tumor cell proliferation. Fus1, a potent tumor-suppressor protein, is present … |
Quarfloxin |
A fluoroquinolone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Quarfloxin disrupts the interaction between the nucleolin protein and a G-quadruplex DNA structure in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) template, a critical interaction for rRNA biogenesis that is overexpressed in cancer cells; disruption of this G-quadruplex DNA:protein interaction in aberrant rRNA biogenesis may result in the inhibition of ribosome synthesis and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Quavonlimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, quavonlimab targets and binds to CTLA4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA4, an inhibitory receptor and member of … |
Quemliclustat |
A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of the ectoenzyme CD73 (cluster of differentiation 73; 5’-ecto-nucleotidase; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, quemliclustat targets and binds to CD73, leading to clustering of and internalization of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and decreases the amount of free adenosine in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This p… |
Quinacrine Hydrochloride |
The dihydrochloride salt of the 9-aminoacridine derivative quinacrine with potential antineoplastic and antiparasitic activities. Quinacrine may inhibit the transcription and activity of both basal and inducible nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), which may result in the induction of tumor suppressor p53 transcription, the restoration of p53-dependent apoptotic pathways, and tumor cell apoptosis. Continuous NF-kappaB signaling, present in many tumors and in chronic inflammatory processes, prom… |
Quinine |
A quinidine alkaloid isolated from the bark of the cinchona tree. Quinine has many mechanisms of action, including reduction of oxygen intake and carbohydrate metabolism; disruption of DNA replication and transcription via DNA intercalation; and reduction of the excitability of muscle fibers via alteration of calcium distribution. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplas… |
Quisinostat |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation, hydroxamic acid-based inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) with potential antineoplastic activity. HDAC inhibitor JNJ-26481585 inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling; inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes; inhibition of tumor cell division; and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetyl… |
Quizartinib |
An orally available small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Quizartinib selectively inhibits class III receptor tyrosine kinases, including FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3/STK1), colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R/FMS), stem cell factor receptor (SCFR/KIT), and platelet derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), resulting in inhibition of ligand-independent leukemic cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mutations in FLT3, resulting in constitutive activation, are the mo… |
R-(-)-Gossypol Acetic Acid |
The orally bioavailable solvate of the R-(-) enantiomer of gossypol and acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. As a BH3 mimetic, R-(-)-gossypol binds to the hydrophobic surface binding groove BH3 of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, blocking their heterodimerization with pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins such as Bad, Bid, and Bim; this may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Racemic gossyp… |
Rabusertib |
An inhibitor of the cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 (chk2) with potential chemopotentiating activity. Rabusertib binds to and inhibits the activity of chk2, which may prevent the repair of DNA caused by DNA-damaging agents, thus potentiating the antitumor efficacies of various chemotherapeutic agents. Chk2, an ATP-dependent serine-threonine kinase, is a key component in the DNA replication-monitoring checkpoint system and is activated by double-stranded breaks (DSBs); activated chk2 is overexp… |
Rac/Cdc42 Inhibitor MBQ-167 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Rho GTPases Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (Rac) and cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Rac/Cdc42 inhibitor MBQ-167 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the GTP-binding proteins Rac and Cdc42 that are expressed on certain cancer cells and immunosuppressive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This inhibits p21-activated kinase (PAK) and sign… |
Racemetyrosine/Methoxsalen/Phenytoin/Sirolimus |
A combination agent containing racemetyrosine, methoxsalen, phenytoin and sirolimus, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of racemetyrosine/methoxsalen/phenytoin/sirolimus SM-88, racemetyrosine, being a dysfunctional and modified form of the non-essential amino acid tyrosine, is specifically taken up by cancer cells through the transporter L-amino acid transferase-1 (LAT1; CD98). As a tyrosine derivative and faulty amino acid protein building block, racemetyrosine preve… |
Racotumomab |
An anti-idiotype murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific to P3 MoAb with anti-metastatic effect. Racotumomab binds to the idiotype region of P3 MoAb and functionally mimics the three-dimensional structure of N-glycolyl ceramides of mono-sialyl lactose, the antigenic target of P3. As a result, this anti-idiotype antibody may stimulate the host immune system to elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against tumor cells expressing NeuGc-GM3 gangliosides, which are expressed in a wide va… |
Radgocitabine |
An analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radgocitabine is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Radgocitabine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of radgocitabine, an analogue of the nucleoside deoxycytidine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radgocitabine is incorporated into DNA and directly inhibits the activity of DNA polymerase, which may result in inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases, DNA fragmentation, and tumor cell apoptosis. |
Radiolabeled CC49 |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized monoclonal antibody with antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody CC49 is developed from the murine monoclonal antibody B72.3 and is humanized by grafting the hypervariable regions onto the variable light (VL) and variable heavy (VH) frameworks of the monoclonal antibodies LEN and 21/28’ CL. The resultant antibody binds the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Furthermore, the antibody is commonly radiolabel… |
Radium bromatum |
An orally available homeopathic preparation with potential radioprotective activities. Upon administration, radium bromatum may reduce the occurrence of, and ameliorate the symptoms associated with radiation-induced dermatitis. |
Radium Ra 223 Dichloride |
A radiopharmaceutical composed of the dichloride salt of the alpha-emitting isotope radium Ra 223, with antineoplastic activity. Like calcium, radium targets bone tissue and preferentially accumulates in osteoblastic lesions, such as those seen in areas of bone metastases. Radium Ra 223 forms complexes with hydroxyapatite and becomes incorporated into the bone matrix. The radioisotope Ra 223 kills bone cancer cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-stra… |
Radium Ra 224-labeled Calcium Carbonate Microparticles |
A radiopharmaceutical composed of biodegradable calcium carbonate microspheres labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope radium Ra 224, with antineoplastic activity. Upon intraperitoneal (IP) administration of the radium Ra 224-labeled calcium carbonate microparticles, Ra 224 kills tumor cells through local emission of high energy alpha particles, causing DNA double-strand breaks. The short range effects of alpha emission allows for localized DNA damage with limited toxicity to nearby heal… |
Radix Angelicae Sinensis/Radix Astragali Herbal Supplement |
A traditional Chinese medicine comprising of Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS) and Radix Astragali (RA), with potential anti-inflammatory, immunostimulatory, neuroprotective, anti-hepatotoxic and antineoplastic activities. The main chemical constituents of RAS include ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, butylidenephthalide and various polysaccharides. RA is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus with primary constituents such polysaccharides, triterpenoids as well as isoflavones. Though their mechan… |
Radotinib Hydrochloride |
An orally available, hydrochloride salt form of radotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor of Bcr-Abl fusion protein and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, radotinib specifically inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion protein, an abnormal enzyme expressed in Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells. In addition, this agent also inhibits PDGFR thereby blocking PDGFR-mediated signal tr… |
RAF Inhibitor DCC-3084 |
An orally bioavailable central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant switch control inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Raf family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RAF inhibitor DCC-3084 targets and binds to BRAF and CRAF kinases, including BRAF monomeric class I mutation, dimeric class II (Ras-independent) and class III (Ras-dependent) mutations, BRAF fusions and BRAF/CRAF heterodimers, specifically at the switch pocket regions, thereby binding both mo… |
RAF Kinase Inhibitor L-779450 |
A synthetic triarylimidazole with potential antineoplastic activity. As a Raf kinase inhibitor, L-779450 competes with ATP for binding to the Raf-1 and A-Raf catalytic sites, thus inhibiting their enzymatic activities and blocking various signal transduction pathways that depend on Raf-1 kinase (particularly the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK cascade which is often up-regulated in neoplasms). (NCI04) |
RAF Kinase Inhibitor XL281 |
An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. XL281 specifically inhibits RAF kinases, located downstream from RAS in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, which may result in reduced proliferation of tumor cells. RAS mutations may result in constitutive activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathway, and have been found to occur frequently in human tumors. |
Ragifilimab |
An anti-human glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 18; TNFRSF18; GITR; CD357) agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody, with potential immune checkpoint modulating activity. Ragifilimab binds to and activates GITRs found on multiple types of T-cells. This stimulates the immune system, induces both the activation and proliferation of tumor-antigen-specific T effector cells (Teff), and suppresses the function of activated T regulatory c… |
Ralaniten Acetate |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the acetate form of ralaniten, a N-terminal domain (NTD) of the androgen receptor (AR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of ralaniten acetate, ralaniten specifically binds to the NTD of AR, thereby inhibiting both AR activation and the AR-mediated signaling pathway. This inhibits cell growth in AR-overexpressing tumor cells. AR is overexpressed in prostate cancers and is involved in proliferation, survival and… |
Ralimetinib Mesylate |
The dimesylate salt form of LY2228820, a tri-substituted imidazole derivative and orally available, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ralimetinib inhibits the activity of p38, particularly the alpha and beta isoforms, thereby inhibiting MAPKAPK2 phosphorylation and preventing p38 MAPK-mediated signaling. This may inhibit the production of a variety of cytokines involved in inflammation, ce… |
Raloxifene |
A selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Raloxifene binds to estrogen receptors (ER) as a mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist; it displays both an ER-alpha-selective partial agonist/antagonist effect and a pure ER-beta-selective antagonist effect. This agent functions as an estrogen agonist in some tissues (bones, lipid metabolism) and as an estrogen antagonist in others (endometrium and breasts), with the potential for producing some of estrogen’s beneficial effects wit… |
Raloxifene Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of raloxifene, a selective benzothiophene estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with lipid lowering effects and activity against osteoporosis. Raloxifene hydrochloride specifically binds to estrogen receptors in responsive tissue, including liver, bone, breast, and endometrium. The resulting ligand-receptor complex is translocated to the nucleus where, depending on the tissue type, it promotes or suppresses the transcription of estrogen-regulated genes, thereby exerti… |
Raltitrexed |
A quinazoline folate analogue with antineoplastic activity. After transport into cells via the reduced folate carrier, raltitrexed undergoes intracellular polyglutamation and blocks the folate-binding site of thymidylate synthase, thereby inhibiting tetrahydrofolate activity and DNA replication and repair and resulting in cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Raludotatug Deruxtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) cadherin-6 (CDH6; CDH-6) conjugated to deruxtecan, which is comprised of an enzymatically cleavable tetrapeptide-based linker and MAAA-1181a (DXd), the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor derivative of exatecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of raludotatug deruxtecan, raludotatug targets and binds to CDH6-expressing … |
Ralzapastotug |
A FcR-enabled immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, ralzapastotug targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIG… |
Ramucirumab |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with antiangiogenesis activity. Ramucirumab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may result in an inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR-2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells. |
Ranibizumab |
A second-generation, recombinant humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody fragment directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alpha. Ranibizumab binds to VEGF alpha and inhibits VEGF alpha binding to its receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, thereby preventing the growth and maintenance of tumor blood vessels. The molecular weight of this agent (48 kD) is much smaller than the molecular weight of bevacizumab (MW ~149 kD), allowing complete penetration of the retina and the subre… |
Ranimustine |
A chloroethylnitrosourea derivative that inhibits proliferation and growth of tumor cells by alkylation and cross-linkage of DNA strands of tumor cells. (NCI) |
Ranolazine |
An orally available, piperazine derivative with anti-anginal and potential antineoplastic activities. Ranolazine’s mechanism of action for its anti-ischemic effects has yet to be fully elucidated but may involve the alteration of the trans-cellular late sodium current in the ischemic myocyte. By preventing the rise of intracellular sodium levels, ranolazine may affect the transport activity of sodium-dependent calcium channels and prevent the calcium overload during myocardial ischemia, there… |
Ranosidenib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ranosidenib specifically targets and inhibits mutant forms of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-medi… |
Ranpirnase |
A natural homologue of ribonuclease A isolated from the eggs of the frog Rana pipiens. Ranpirnase primarily degrades cellular transfer RNA with a substrate specificity for uridine-guanidine base-pair sequences, resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis and cytotoxicity. This agent also activates caspase-9 in mitochondria, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Rapcabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, rapcabtagene autoleucel is directed to and induces selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. |
RARalpha Agonist IRX5183 |
An orally bioavailable retinoid acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) agonist and vitamin A derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RARalpha agonist IRX5183 binds to and activates RARalpha, which promotes RARalpha-mediated signaling. This results in the transcription of RARalpha-responsive genes, which are responsible for cellular differentiation and proliferation. This results in the induction of cellular differentiation and apoptosis, and leads to the inhibition of… |
Ras Inhibitor LUNA18 |
An orally bioavailable cyclic peptide and Ras inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Ras inhibitor LUNA18 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits Ras, thereby inhibiting Ras-dependent signaling and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells in which Ras is overexpressed and/or mutated. Ras serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of Ras may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proli… |
RAS Inhibitor RMC-6236 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the active, guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound form of both wild type and mutant variants of the RAS isoforms, including HRAS, NRAS and KRAS, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RAS inhibitor RMC-6236 binds to an intracellular chaperone protein, cyclophilin A (CypA). The resulting inhibitory binary complex binds to active, GTP-bound RAS to form a tri-complex. This tri-complex inhibits RAS-dependent signaling and inhibits the pr… |
Ras Inhibitor RSC-1255 |
An orally bioavailable pan-mutant and wild-type Ras inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Ras inhibitor RSC-1255 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of Ras, thereby inhibiting Ras-dependent signaling and inhibits proliferation of tumor cells in which Ras is overexpressed and/or mutated. Ras serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of Ras may induce constitutive signal tran… |
Ras Peptide ASP |
A synthetic form of the ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to aspartic acid) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with ras peptide Asp may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
RAS Peptide Cancer Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing a RAS oncogene-encoded peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. RAS peptide cancer vaccine may stimulate a RAS peptide-specific antitumoral T-cell cytotoxic immune response, resulting in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. (NCI04) |
RAS Peptide Cancer Vaccine TG01 |
A therapeutic cancer vaccine composed of a lyophilizate containing seven 17 amino acids long synthetic RAS oncogene-encoded peptides representing the most common codon 12 and 13 oncogenic mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The lyophilizate is reconstituted with the natural saponin and immunoadjuvant QS-21 before administration. Upon administration, RAS peptide cancer vaccine TG01 may stimulate a specif… |
Ras Peptide CYS |
A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to cysteine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Ras Peptide VAL |
A synthetic form of the Ras peptide containing a point mutation at position 12 (glycine to valine) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with this peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for this Ras mutation, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
RAS/PI3K-alpha Interaction Inhibitor BBO-10203 |
An orally bioavailable covalent small molecule inhibitor of RAS-driven phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PI3K-alpha; PI3Ka; PIK3CA) activity, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RAS/PI3Ka interaction inhibitor BBO-10203 disrupts the interaction between RAS and PIK3CA, thereby inhibiting PIK3CA in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in apoptosis and growth inhibiti… |
Rasdegafusp Alfa |
A fusion protein consisting of a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the endocytic dendritic cell (DC) receptor, DEC-205, linked to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) NY-ESO-1 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. The monoclonal antibody moiety of rasdegafusp alfa1 binds to the endocytic DC receptor, which may result in DC endocytic internalization of this agent, specifically delivering the NY-ESO-1 moiety. DC processing of NY-ESO-1 may boost the immune … |
Ravoxertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ravoxertinib inhibits both ERK phosphorylation and activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This prevents ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and surv… |
Razoxane |
An orally bioavailable bis-dioxopiperazine and a derivative of the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with antineoplastic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic activities. Razoxane specifically inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase II without inducing DNA strand breaks, which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell division in the premitotic and early mitotic phases of the cell cycle. This agent may also exhibit antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities althoug… |
RBCs-Anti-PD1 Antibody Conjugate WTX212 |
A preparation of autologous engineered red blood cells (RBCs) conjugated with pembrolizumab, an antibody against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the RBCs-anti-PD1 antibody conjugate WTX212, the RBCs primarily and directly distribute to the spleen and vascular system. The anti-PD1 antibodies target, bind to and inhibit PD-1, l… |
Realgar-Indigo naturalis Formulation |
An orally bioavailable, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation composed of Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula (RIF) with potential antineoplastic activity. The main constituents in RIF are realgar, Indigo naturalis, and Salvia miltiorrhiza, with tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4), indirubin and tanshinone IIA as the main active ingredients, respectively, which appear to exert synergistic effects on cancer cells. Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide specifically induces the ubiquitination and … |
Rebastinib Tosylate |
The tosylate salt of rebastinib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebastinib binds to and inhibits the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein by changing the conformation of the folded protein to disallow ligand-dependent and ligand-independent activation; in addition, this agent binds to and inhibits Src family kinases LYN, HCK and FGR and the receptor tyrosine kinases TIE-2 and VEGFR-2. Rebastinib may exhibit more poten… |
Rebeccamycin |
An indolocarbazole glycoside antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Saccharothrix aerocolonigenes. Rebeccamycin intercalates into DNA and stabilizes the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, thereby interfering with the topoisomerase I-catalyzed DNA breakage-reunion reaction and initiating DNA cleavage and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Rebemadlin |
A small molecule and MDM2 (murine double minute 2) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. In cancer cells, rebemadlin antagonizes the binding of MDM2 to p53, thereby preventing MDM2-mediated p53 degradation. This results in stabilizing and activating p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The protein MDM2, a negative regulator of p53 activity, is overexpressed in many cancer cell types; the tumor suppressor p53 is mutated or deleted in about 50% of all cancers but active i… |
Rebimastat |
A sulfhydryl-based second-generation matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Rebimastat selectively inhibits several MMPs (MMP 1, 2, 8, 9, and 14), thereby inducing extracellular matrix degradation, and inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. |
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor R1530 |
A pyrazolobenzodiazepine small molecule with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Mitosis-angiogenesis inhibitor (MAI) R1530 inhibits multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-1, -2, -3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) beta, FMS-like tyrosine kinase (Flt)-3, and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) -1, -2. In addition, this agents exhibits anti-proliferative activity by init… |
Recombinant 70-kD Heat-Shock Protein |
A recombinant peptide that is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous 70-kD heat shock protein (HSP70). HSP70 is a molecular chaperone that prevents physiologic stress-induced cell death by inhibiting both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis. Because this peptide is often overexpressed in tumor cells, autologous vaccination with HSP70 derived from tumor cells may stimulate the host immune system to mount a tumoricidal cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Adenovirus 5 Encoding Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand |
An adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) encoding human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), with potential apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of recombinant Ad5 encoding TRAIL, the adenovirus selectively infects tumor cells and expresses TRAIL. The virally expressed TRAIL binds to and activates its receptors TRAIL receptor-1 (TRAIL-R1, death receptor 4, DR4) and TRAIL receptor-2 (TRAIL-R2, death receptor 5, DR5), which subsequently activate ca… |
Recombinant Adenovirus Encoding p53 |
A replication-defective, recombinant adenoviral vector encoding the wild-type human tumor-suppressor protein p53 gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, rAD-p53 binds to the coxsackie-and-adenovirus receptor (CAR) on tumor cells and enters cells selectively via receptor-mediated endocytosis, which may result in the overexpression of wild-type p53 intracellularly and p53-mediated tumor regression. In addition, this agent may stimulate the immune system to… |
Recombinant Adenovirus-hIFN-beta |
A recombinant replication-defective adenovirus which encodes the gene for the cytokine human interferon-beta (IFN-beta). Once inserted into and replicating in host tumor cells, recombinant adenovirus-hIFN-beta expresses human IFN-beta, which may stimulate an antiproliferative natural killer (NK) cell response against tumor cells and induce caspase-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Adenovirus-L523S Vaccine |
A replication-defective adenovirus containing a gene that encodes the human protein L523S with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, recombinant adenovirus-L523S vaccine expresses L523S, which may stimulate antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumor cells expressing L523S. L523S is an RNA-binding protein that belongs to the KOC (K homology domain containing protein over-expressed in cancer) family of proteins. As an oncofetal protein, L523S is normally… |
Recombinant Adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500 |
A genetically-engineered adenovirus that contains the gene that encodes the human tumor-suppressor protein p53 with potential antineoplastic activity. Recombinant adenovirus-p53 SCH-58500 delivers p53 into tumor cells, which may result in p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. |
Recombinant Albumin-binding IL-12 SON-1010 |
A recombinant form of the human cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) conjugated to a single chain antibody fragment (scFv) targeting albumin, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant albumin-binding IL-12 SON-1010 targets and binds to serum albumin. The albumin-bound SON-1010 binds to gp60, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn), and accumulates in the tumor microenvironment (… |
Recombinant Anti-WT1 Immunotherapeutic GSK2302024A |
An immunotherapeutic composed of the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) and an as of yet undisclosed adjuvant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the immune system may be stimulated to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells. The adjuvant stimulates the immune system’s response to WT1. WT1, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and transcription factor, is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. |
Recombinant Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium Expressing IL-2 |
An orally available, genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium strain expressing a truncated form of the human cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene, with antitumor activity. Upon administration of recombinant attenuated S. typhimurium expressing IL-2 (SalpIL2), this Salmonella strain may selectively accumulate and divide in a variety of tumor types, and express IL-2. In turn, IL-2 may induce natural killer (NK) cell proliferation thereby enhancing their activity. This may inhibit the growth… |
Recombinant B. pertussis Adenylate Cyclase Toxin-Tyrosinase A2 Epitope Vaccine |
A recombinant vaccine containing a genetically detoxified adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) of Bordetella pertussis coupled, through its catalytic site, to the melanoma tyrosinase A2 epitope YMDGTMSQV, with potential antineoplastic activity. Via the toxin moiety, the recombinant B. pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin-tyrosinase A2 epitope specifically binds to the alphaMbeta2 integrin (CD11b/CD18) located on CD11b-positive antigen-presenting cells (APC). Upon processing and presentation of the mel… |
Recombinant Bacterial Minicells VAX014 |
A population of recombinant bacterial minicells (rBMCs) engineered to express the alpha3beta1 (a3b1) and alpha5beta1 (a5b1) integrin-targeting invasion and that contain a bacterial protein toxin, perfringolysin O (PFO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical administration, VAX014 selectively targets and binds to tumor cells expressing un-ligated a3b1 and/or a5b1 integrins and delivers PFO, leading to destabilization of tumor cell membranes and tumor cell lysis. By targetin… |
Recombinant Bispecific Single-Chain Antibody rM28 |
A recombinant, bispecific, single-chain antibody directed against both the T-cell surface-associated costimulatory molecule CD28 and a melanoma-associated proteoglycan (MAPG) with potential antitumor activity. By targeting both CD28 and MAPG, recombinant bispecific single-chain antibody rM28 enhances cytotoxic T-cell recognition of melanoma cells, which may result in immune effector cell-mediated tumor cell death and a decrease in distant metastases. This agent appears to have a long serum ha… |
Recombinant CD40-Ligand |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to CD40-ligand. CD40-ligand, also known as CD40L/TRAP and CD154, is a type II membrane protein which binds to CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor family; CD40 is expressed on B lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells (DC), hematopoietic progenitors, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. Recombinant CD40-ligand may be used to activate DC ex vivo via CD40 binding; CD40-liga… |
Recombinant dHER2 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a truncated recombinant HER2 peptide (dHER2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, recombinant dHER2 vaccine may stimulate the host immune response to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against tumor cells that overexpress the HER2 protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The HER2 protein is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) that is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. dHER2 includes the extracellular domain (ECD) and a part of the in… |
Recombinant DNA-L523S Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA encoding human L523S, an RNA-binding protein that belongs to the KOC (K homology domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer) family, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with L523S DNA may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) response against tumor cells that express the L523S protein. As an oncofetal protein, L523S is normally expressed in early embryonic tissue, but is overexpressed in certain cancer cell types. |
Recombinant EphB4-HSA Fusion Protein |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the full-length extracellular domain (soluble) of human receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type-B receptor 4 (sEphB4) and fused, at its C-terminus, to full-length human serum albumin (HSA), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. sEphB4-HSA functions as a decoy receptor for the membrane-bound ligand Ephrin-B2 (Efnb2) and interferes with the binding of Efnb2 to its native receptors, including EphB4 and EphA3. This may result in a redu… |
Recombinant Fas Ligand |
A recombinant agent, which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein Fas ligand, a protein related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Fas ligand binds to the Fas receptor, thereby activating caspases and inducing apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox GM-CSF Vaccine Adjuvant |
A cancer vaccine adjuvant consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). GM-CSF binds to specific cell surface receptors on various immuno-hematopoietic cell types, enhancing their proliferation and differentiation and stimulating macrophage and dendritic cell functions in antigen presentation and antitumor cell-mediated immunity. Administration of recombinant fowlpox GM-CSF vaccine adjuvant may induce an immune response aga… |
Recombinant Fowlpox-B7.1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding the stimulatory molecule transgene B7-1. Recombinant fowlpox-B7.1 vaccine may enhance antigen presentation and activate antitumoral cytotoxic T-cells. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox-CEA(6D)/TRICOM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3) (TRICOM). This agent may enhance CEA presentation to antigen presenting cells (APC) and activate cytotoxic T-cells against CEA-expressing tumors. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox-Mgp100 Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a replication-defective recombinant fowlpox virus that encodes for the murine melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (mgp100) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with recombinant fowlpox-mgp100 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the gp100 antigen, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox-Prostate Specific Antigen Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding human prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Administration of this agent may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it is replication incompetent in mammalian cells. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox-TRICOM Vaccine |
A vaccine comprised of a recombinant fowlpox virus vector encoding a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3) (TRICOM), which may enhance antigen presentation and activate cytotoxic T-cells. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it is replication incompetent in mammalian cells. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Fowlpox-Tyrosinase Vaccine |
A recombinant fowlpox virus vaccine with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the melanoma antigen tyrosinase, recombinant fowlpox-tyrosinase vaccine generates cellular immune responses against melanoma cells expressing the tyrosinase antigen; this effect is enhanced by the co-administration of interleukin 2 (IL-2). Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its genome is easy to manipulate and it is replication incompetent in mammalian cells. |
Recombinant Fractalkine |
A pro-inflammatory delta chemokine with potential antineoplastic activity. Fractalkine induces the adhesion and migration of T lymphocytes, monocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. In lymphomas, this agent may promote cell-mediated lympholysis by recruiting activated NK cells. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Globulin Component Macrophage-activating Factor |
A recombinant form of naturally-occurring GC (group-specific component) protein-derived macrophage-activating factor (GC-MAF). GC is also known as vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). GC-MAF promotes macrophage activation. |
Recombinant Human 6Ckine |
A therapeutic recombinant analogue of a member of the endogenous CC chemokines with potential antineoplastic activity. Expressed by various lymphoid tissues, endogenous 6Ckine is chemotactic for B and T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. |
Recombinant Human Adenovirus Type 5 H101 |
A replication selective, recombinant, E1B and partial E3 gene deleted form of human adenovirus type 5, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral injection of recombinant human adenovirus type 5, the adenovirus selectively replicates in cancer cells while preventing viral replication in normal, healthy cells. This induces a selective adenovirus-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer cells, which leads to cancer cell lysis. In addition, viral spread to adjacent cells, following lysis o… |
Recombinant Human Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody |
A recombinant human IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb) with potential antineoplastic activity. Recombinant human anti-TGF-beta monoclonal antibody specifically targets and binds to all 3 isoforms of TGFb, thereby neutralizing TGFb isoforms 1, 2 and 3. This prevents activation of TGFb-mediated signaling pathways. TGFb, a pleiotropic cytokine, is often overexpressed in a number of cancer cell types and is involved in cancer cell proliferation, diffe… |
Recombinant Human Apolipoprotein(a) Kringle V MG1102 |
An 86 amino-acid long polypeptide fragment of a recombinant form of human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)) kringle V, with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, recombinant human apo(a) kringle V MG1102 inhibits the fibronectin-mediated migration of endothelial cells, binds to and blocks the activity of alpha 3 beta 1 integrin (a3b1 integrin), inhibits the activation of focal adhesion kin… |
Recombinant Human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine preparation, containing recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rEGF) linked to the Neisseria meningitidis-derived recombinant immunogenic carrier protein P64k (rP64k) and mixed with the immunoadjuvant Montanide ISA 51, with potential active immunotherapy activity. Recombinant human EGF-rP64K/Montanide ISA 51 vaccine may trigger a humoral immune response against vaccine rEGF and rP64K and, so, against endogenous EGF. Antibody-mediated inhibition of endogenous EGF binding … |
Recombinant Human Endostatin |
A recombinant human proteolytic fragment of the C-terminal end of type XVIII collagen. Endostatin induces microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis and inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis, which may result in a reduction in tumor burden. This agent also may decrease hepatic metastasis by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-dependent cell attachment to the hepatic microvasculature. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Human GM-CSF-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus SynOV1.1 |
A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus, controlled by synthetic gene circuit, encoding the human immunostimulating factor cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the recombinant human GM-CSF-encoding oncolytic adenovirus SynOV1.1 selectively targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells expressing the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), thereby expressing GM-CSF an… |
Recombinant Human Hsp110-gp100 Chaperone Complex Vaccine |
A recombinant chaperone-peptide complex-based vaccine composed of a complex between heat shock protein hsp110 and the human melanoma-associated antigen gp100, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon vaccination, recombinant hsp110-gp100 chaperone complex activates the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T cell immune response and antigen-specific interferon-gamma production against gp100-overexpressing cancer cells. Gp100, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types. Hsp110, binds … |
Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase and Pembrolizumab |
A fixed-dose co-formulation composed of pembrolizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against human cell surface receptor PD-1 (programmed death-1; programmed cell death-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279), and MK-5180, a recombinant form of human hyaluronidase, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of recombinant human hyaluronidase and pembrolizumab, the hyaluronidase reversibly de… |
Recombinant Human MUC1-Oxidized Polymannose-pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells pulsed with a fusion product of an epitope of human tumor-associated epithelial mucin 1 (MUC1) antigen and the vaccine adjuvant mannan (oxidized mannose), with potential antineoplastic activity. When the modified dendritic cells are returned to the patient, they may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells positive for the MUC1 antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. Addition of… |
Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 11-valent Vaccine |
A recombinant, 11-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, produced in Hansenula polymorpha, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, recombinant HPV 11-valent vaccine may generate humoral and cellular immunity against the 11 undisclosed types of HPV antigens, thereby preventing cervical infection upon exposure to these 11 types of HPV. In addition, this agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular immune response against cervical cancer associated… |
Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 14-valent Vaccine SCT1000 |
A recombinant, 14-valent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, recombinant HPV 14-valent vaccine SCT1000 may generate humoral and cellular immunity against 14 types of HPV antigens, including types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58 and 59, thereby preventing infection upon exposure to these 14 types of HPV. In addition, this agent may stimulate cellular immune response against various cancers an… |
Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent Vaccine |
A recombinant, bivalent, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, containing virus-like particles for HPV types 16 and 18 linked to the adjuvant ASO4, with potential immunoprotective and antineoplastic properties. Upon administration, HPV 16/18 L1 virus-like particle/ASO4 vaccine may generate humoral and cellular immunity against HPV types-16 and -18 antigens, thereby preventing cervical infection upon exposure to HPV types 16 and 18. In addition, this agent may stimulate an antitumoral cellular i… |
Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Nonavalent Vaccine |
A non-infectious, recombinant, nonavalent vaccine prepared from highly purified virus-like particles (VLPs) comprised of the major capsid (L1) proteins from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, with active immunizing activity. Upon administration, the recombinant HPV nonavalent vaccine activates the immune system to produce antibodies against the 9 HPV types. This protects against HPV infection and HPV-related cancers. Altogether, HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31… |
Recombinant Human Plasminogen Kringle 5 Domain ABT 828 |
A recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant human plasminogen kringle 5 domain ABT 828 may promote caspase activity and apoptosis in proliferating endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting migration. Kringle 5 (K5), an internal proteolytic fragment of plasminogen specifically inhibits endothelial cell growth via its interaction with endothelial cell surface ATP synthase, which sequentially triggers … |
Recombinant Humanized Anti-HER-2 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody MBS301 |
A glyco-engineered heterodimeric bispecific monoclonal antibody, derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab, directed against two distinct epitopes of the extracellular dimerization (ECD) domain of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant humanized anti-HER-2 bispecific monoclonal antibody MBS301 simultaneously targets a… |
Recombinant Interferon |
One of a group of recombinant therapeutic glycoprotein cytokines with antiviral, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulating activities. Interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, leading to the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). The resultant proteins mediate many complex effects, ultimately leading to inhibition of viral protein synthesis and cellular growth, alteration of cellular differentiation, interference with oncogene exp… |
Recombinant Interferon Alfa |
A class of naturally-isolated or recombinant therapeutic peptides used as antiviral and anti-tumor agents. Alpha interferons are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer (NK) leukocytes) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes containing an interferon-specific response element. The proteins so produced mediat… |
Recombinant Interferon Alfa-1b |
The non-glycosylated recombinant interferon alpha, subtype 1b, with immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Alpha interferon-1b binds to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. |
Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2a |
A non-glycosylated recombinant human alpha interferon, subtype 2a, produced in the bacterium E. coli. Interferon alpha-2a binds to its specific cell-surface receptor, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune modulating effects. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Interferon Alfa-2b |
A non-glycosylated recombinant interferon with antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Alfa interferons bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products mediate antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. |
Recombinant Interferon Alpha 2b-like Protein |
A proprietary recombinant protein highly resembling human interferon alpha 2b (IFN-a2b), with potential anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating and antiviral activities. Upon injection, recombinant IFN alpha 2b-like protein binds to specific IFN alpha cell surface receptors. This activates interferon-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with interferon-specific response elements (ISREs). This may activate the immune system, inclu… |
Recombinant Interferon Beta |
A recombinant protein which is chemically identical to or similar to endogenous interferon beta with antiviral and anti-tumor activities. Endogenous interferons beta are cytokines produced by nucleated cells (predominantly natural killer cells) upon exposure to live or inactivated virus, double-stranded RNA or bacterial products. These agents bind to specific cell-surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes with an interferon-specific response element. The prote… |
Recombinant Interferon Gamma |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous lymphokine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) with antineoplastic, immunoregulatory, and antiviral activities. Therapeutic IFN-gamma binds to and activates the cell-surface IFN-gamma receptor, stimulating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and enhances natural killer cell attachment to tumor cells. This agent also activates caspases, thereby inducing apoptosis in malignant cells. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Interleukin-13 |
The recombinant analogue of an endogenous cytokine interleukin 13 with potential antineoplastic activity. Produced by lymphocytes and exhibiting a variety of functions, interleukin-13 (therapeutic) inhibits DNA synthesis and regulates inflammatory and immune responses. In animal models, this agent has been shown to kill tumor cells both directly and indirectly by activating the host immune system at the tumor site. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Interleukin-6 |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) with antiapoptotic, proinflammatory, antiinflammatory, proproliferative and proangiogenic activities. IL-6 binds to its receptor (IL-6R), activating a receptor-CD130 receptor complex; the CD130 portion of the complex is a signal transduction protein that activates JAK kinases and Ras-mediated signaling pathways, which in turn activate downstream signaling pathways, resul… |
Recombinant KSA Glycoprotein CO17-1A |
A recombinant counterpart of tumor-associated KSA antigen (Ep-CAM), a type-I transmembrane glycoprotein cellular adhesion molecule with a molecular mass of 40 kDa, overexpressed on the majority of tumor cells of most human epithelia in a of variety of tumor tissues such as stomach, colon, pancreas, gall bladder, bile duct, mammary gland, breast, and lung carcinoma. It has been suggested to be involved in the differentiation, growth, and organization of epithelial cells within tissues under no… |
Recombinant Leukocyte Interleukin |
A cocktail preparation of synthetic interleukin (IL) -1, IL-2, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon gamma and other cytokines that are chemically identical to or similar to signaling molecules secreted by leukocyte cells. Leukocyte interleukins are essential in many immune responses, such as antibodies production, modulating secretion of other cytokines, and activation of bone marrow stem cells. |
Recombinant Leukoregulin |
A formulated therapeutic analog of the endogenous lymphokine leukoregulin with potential antineoplastic activity. Leukoregulin displays direct and indirect cytotoxicity through tumor cell lysis and enhancing tumor cell susceptibility to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This agent enhances membrane permeability and decreases p-glycoprotein expression, thereby promoting cytotoxic drug uptake into tumor cells. Leukoregulin also induces the synthesis of collagenase and hyaluronan, ex… |
Recombinant Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous protein cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Synthesized endogenously by mesenchymal cells, M-CSF stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells of the monocyte-macrophage series and can reverse treatment-related neutropenias. Recombinant M-CSF may also enhance antigen presentation and activate antitumoral cytotoxic T-cells. |
Recombinant MAGE-3.1 Antigen |
A recombinant tumor-specific melanoma antigen. Vaccination with recombinant MAGE-3.1 antigen may induce a host immune response against MAGE-expressing cells, resulting in antitumoral T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. MAGE-expressing cells are found in melanoma, non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, and esophageal carcinoma. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Ankara-5T4 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) viral vector encoding the 5T4 fetal oncoprotein (MVA-h5T4). Vaccination with recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing 5T4 fetal oncoprotein antigen, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The MVA viral vector, derived from the replication-competent strain Ankara, is a highly attenuated, repli… |
Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus-encoding Interleukin-12 MEDI9253 |
An oncolytic viral agent containing the oncolytic, live-attenuated, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has been engineered to include a transgene encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, recombinant NDV-encoding IL-12 MEDI9253 specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect inv… |
Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus-encoding Interleukin-12 V938 |
An oncolytic, replication-competent strain of the avian paramyxovirus Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that has been engineered to encode human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration, recombinant NDV-encoding IL-12 V938 specifically infects and replicates in cancer cells. This may result in a direct cytotoxic effect involving the lysis of tumor cells via apoptotic mechanisms and may eventually lead to … |
Recombinant Oncolytic Adenovirus 5 Encoding Non-secreting Interleukin-12 BioTTT001 |
A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) encoding a modified and non-secreting (ns) form of the human immunostimulating cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant oncolytic Ad5 encoding nsIL-12 BioTTT001 specifically infects and replicates in tumor cells causing viral-mediated tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, in turn, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells. Tumo… |
Recombinant PRAME Protein Plus AS15 Adjuvant GSK2302025A |
A recombinant form of the human PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma) protein combined with the AS15 adjuvant, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration, GSK2302025A may stimulate the host immune response to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells that overexpress the PRAME protein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. The tumor-associated antigen PRAME is often overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell … |
Recombinant Saccharomyces Cerevisia-CEA(610D)-Expressing Vaccine GI-6207 |
A whole, heat-killed, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast-based vaccine genetically altered to express the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) peptide 610D with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisia-CEA(610D) vaccine GI-6207 may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CEA-expressing tumor cells, which may result in tumor cell lysis. CEA, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed on a wide… |
Recombinant Super-compound Interferon |
A recombinant form of the naturally-occurring cytokine interferon-alpha (IFN-a) that has a modified spatial configuration, with immunomodulating, antiviral and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of recombinant super-compound interferon (rSIFN-co), this agent binds to IFN-specific cell surface receptors, resulting in the transcription and translation of genes whose protein products have antiviral, antiproliferative, anticancer, and immune-modulating effects. The 3-dimensional confo… |
Recombinant Thyroglobulin |
A recombinant form of thyroglobulin identical to or similar to the endogenous iodine-containing glycoprotein. Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the thyroid follicular cell, and is the precursor of thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Thyroglobulin levels can serve as a tumor marker for monitoring the status of differentiated thyroid carcinomas. |
Recombinant Thyrotropin Alfa |
A recombinant form of the human anterior pituitary glycoprotein thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) with use in the diagnostic setting. With an amino acid sequence identical to that of human TSH, thyrotropin alfa binds to TSH receptors on normal thyroid epithelial cells or well-differentiated thyroid cancer cells, stimulating iodine uptake and organification, synthesis and secretion of thyroglobulin (Tg), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). |
Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) with proapoptotic and antineoplastic properties. TGF-beta may suppress tumor cell growth by decreasing the expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulatory protein, and downregulating the expression of the oncogene c-myc. This agent is also involved in T cell-mediated immunosuppression by CD4+CD25+ T cells, which permits cancer cells to evade immune… |
Recombinant Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-2 |
A recombinant polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta-2 (TGF-beta-2). TGF-beta-2 modulates cell growth and immune function and may promote or inhibit tumor growth, depending on the tumor cell type. TGF-beta-2 may also suppress host immune system recognition of and/or response to tumor cells. |
Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Thymosin Alpha 1 Fusion Protein |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the human pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and the immunostimulatory peptide thymosin alpha 1 (Ta1), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity has not been fully elucidated, upon administration of recombinant TNFalpha-Ta1 fusion protein, the TNFalpha moiety may induce an immune response, which lead to apoptosis and tumor cell death, tumor … |
Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor Family Protein |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to one of a number of endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) proteins. TNF family cytokines bind to and activate specific cell-surface receptors, thereby mediating inflammatory processes, cell proliferation, immunity, angiogenesis, and tumor cell cytotoxicity. One primary antitumor effect of TNFs involves stimulation of T cell-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity. |
Recombinant Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha with antineoplastic properties. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha binds to and activates “death receptors” on the cell surface, resulting in apoptosis and cell death by the p53-independent extrinsic pathway. This agent also disrupts tumor vascularization. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Tyrosinase-Related Protein-2 |
A recombinant therapeutic agent which is chemically identical to or similar to an endogenous non-mutated melanocyte differentiation antigen expressed by both normal and malignant melanocytes. Vaccinations with recombinant tyrosinase-related protein-2 may elicit an antitumoral cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells and some normal cells that express tyrosinase-related protein-2. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Vaccinia DF3/MUC1 Vaccine |
A vaccinia virus based vaccine expressing human tumor associated epithelial mucin (DF3 antigen; MUC1). MUC1 antigen, a membrane bound glycoprotein expressed by most glandular and ductal epithelial cells, is overexpressed in various tumors such as breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers. This vaccine could be used in development of immunotherapeutics against cancers expressing MUC1. |
Recombinant Vaccinia PSA Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA). Vaccination with recombinant vaccinia prostate-specific antigen vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PSA. |
Recombinant Vaccinia-B7.1 Vaccine |
A recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the T-cell co-stimulatory molecule B7-1. Co-administration of recombinant vaccinia-B7.1 and a tumor-associated antigen vaccine may enhance tumor-associated antigen-specific T-cell responses. (NCI04) |
Recombinant Vaccinia-CEA(6D)-TRICOM Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the tumor-associated antigen carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3; also called TRICOM). Vaccination with recombinant vaccinia-CEA(6D)-TRICOM vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a T-cell response against tumor cells expressing the CEA antigen. The use of TRICOM in the vaccine may elicit a greater antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune response compared to … |
Recombinant Vaccinia-MUC-1 Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a recombinant vaccinia virus that encodes the gene for human mucin-1, a tumor-associated antigen. Upon administration, recombinant vaccinia-MUC-1 vaccine may elicit a MUC-1-specific cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells bearing MUC-1. |
Recombinant Vaccinia-Multiepitope Melanoma Peptides-B7.1-B7.2 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of an inactivated recombinant vaccinia virus encoding epitope peptides derived from melanoma-related HLA-A2-restricted tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including Melan-A(27-35), gp100(280-288) and tyrosinase(1-9), and two co-stimulatory B7 proteins, B7.1 (CD80) and B7.2 (CD86). Upon administration, recombinant vaccinia-multiepitope melanoma peptides-B7.1-B7.2 vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against melanoma cells that express TAAs which sha… |
Recombinant Vaccinia-NY-ESO-1 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant vaccinia viral vector encoding an immunogenic peptide derived from the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, an antigen found in normal testis and various tumors, including bladder, breast, hepatocellular, melanoma, and prostate cancers. Vaccination with recombinant vaccinia NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine may stimulate the host immune system to mount a humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen, resulting … |
Recombinant Vaccinia-TRICOM Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3; also called TRICOM). Vaccination with recombinant vaccinia-TRICOM vaccine stimulates the host immune system to mount a non-specific T-cell response. With the addition of a tumor-associated antigen peptide, this vaccine may enhance a tumor-specific immune response. |
Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Human Interferon Beta and Sodium-Iodide Symporter |
A recombinant, replication competent form of the oncolytic RNA virus vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), based on the Indiana strain of VSV, that is genetically engineered to express the genes for the human cytokine interferon beta (IFNbeta) and the human thyroidal sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), with potential oncolytic and imaging activities. Upon intravenous administration, VSV-hIFNbeta-NIS is preferentially taken up by tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell infection, viral replication and a d… |
Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Interferon-beta |
A recombinant, replicating oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) carrying the human interferon-beta (IFN-b) gene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, recombinant VSV expressing IFN-b replicates in the tumor environment specifically, partially due to defective innate antiviral host defense mechanisms in tumor cells, involving type I IFNs, and exerts its cytolytic activity towards the tumor cells. By expressing human IFN-b, an IN… |
Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-expressing Interferon-beta and Tyrosinase Related Protein 1 |
A recombinant, replicating oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) carrying the human interferon-beta (IFN-b) gene and the tyrosinase related protein 1 (TYRP1) gene, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral and intravenous administration, recombinant VSV-expressing IFN-b/TYRP1 preferentially replicates in tumor cells. Due to defective IFN-b-mediated innate antiviral host defense mechanisms in tumor cells, VSV is able to replicate in these cells witho… |
Redaporfin |
A bacteriochlorin-based photosensitizer, with antineoplastic activity upon photodynamic therapy (PDT). Following intravenous administration, redaporfin preferentially accumulates in hyperproliferative tissues, such as tumors. Local application of laser light at the tumor site results in the absorption of light by this agent and a photodynamic reaction between LUZ 11 and oxygen. This results in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which includes singlet oxygen molecules, the supero… |
Refametinib |
An orally bioavailable selective MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Refametinib specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MAP2K1 or MAPK/ERK kinase 1), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a dual specificity threonine/tyrosine kinase, is a key component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that regulates cell growth; constitutive activation of this pathway has been implicated in many c… |
Regorafenib |
The hydrate form of regorafenib, an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Regorafenib binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 2 and 3, and Ret, Kit, PDGFR and Raf kinases, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that play important roles in tumor angiogenesis; the receptor tyrosine kinases RET, KIT, and PDGFR, and the… |
Regorafenib Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of regorafenib, an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Regorafenib binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 2 and 3, and Ret, Kit, PDGFR and Raf kinases, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that play important roles in tumor angiogenesis; the receptor tyrosine kinases RET, KIT, and PDGFR, and t… |
Relacorilant |
An orally available antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, relacorilant competitively binds to and blocks GRs. This inhibits the activity of GRs, and prevents both the translocation of the ligand-GR complexes to the nucleus and gene expression of GR-associated genes. This decreases the negative effects that result from excess levels of endogenous glucocorticoids, like those seen when tumors overproduce glucocorticoids. In … |
Relatlimab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitor receptor lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, relatlimab binds to LAG-3 on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This may activate antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhance cytotoxic T cell-mediated tumor cell lysis, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and binds to major histocompatibility… |
Relmacabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing, as of yet undisclosed, costimulatory signaling domains, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, relmacabtagene autoleucel target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell … |
Relugolix |
An orally available, non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Relugolix competitively binds to and blocks the GnRH receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, which both prevents GnRH binding to the GnRH receptor and inhibits the secretion and release of both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of … |
Remetinostat |
A topical formulation containing the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon cutaneous administration, SHP-141 selectively binds to and inhibits HDAC, resulting in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones in the skin (dermis and epidermis), the induction of chromatin remodeling, and the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes. These events may result in the inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDA… |
Renal Cell Carcinoma Peptides Vaccine IMA901 |
A multipeptide cancer vaccine targeting renal cell carcinoma with potential immunopotentiating activity. Renal cell carcinoma peptides vaccine IMA901 consists of 10 different synthetic tumor-associated peptide (TUMAP) antigens (9 HLA-class I-binding and 1 HLA class II-binding); endogenously, these TUMAPs are expressed by the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Vaccination with this agent may significantly increase host cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against tumor cells expressin… |
Renvistobart |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, renvistobart binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; polio… |
Reozalimab |
A bispecific antibody targeting both the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and its ligand, human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, reozalimab simultaneously targets and binds to PD-1, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), an… |
Reparixin |
An orally available inhibitor of CXC chemokine receptor types 1 (CXCR1) and 2 (CXCR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, reparixin allosterically binds to CXCR1 and prevents CXCR1 activation by its ligand interleukin 8 (IL-8 or CXCL8). This may cause cancer stem cell (CSC) apoptosis and may inhibit tumor cell progression and metastasis. CXCR1, overexpressed on CSCs, plays a key role in CSC survival and the ability of CSC to self-renew; it is also linked to tumor res… |
Repotrectinib |
An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, the proto-oncogene SRC, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, repotrectinib binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ALK, ROS1, NTRK1-3, SRC, FAK and, to a lesser extent, other kinases. Inhib… |
Resigratinib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule, irreversible pan-inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, resigratinib covalently binds to and inhibits all four FGFR subtypes, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4, including wild-type FGFR family proteins, and FGFR2 and FGFR3 gatekeeper, molecular brake, and activation loop mutations. This prevents FGFR-mediated signaling, and inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and … |
Resiquimod |
An imidazoquinolinamine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immune response modifying activity. Resiquimod exerts its effect through the TLR signaling pathway by binding to and activating TLR7 and 8 mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes. This induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription activator NF-kB as well as activation of other transcription factors. This may lead to an increase in mRNA levels and subsequent production of cytokines, especiall… |
Resiquimod Hydrogel-based Sustained-release formulation |
A hydrogel carrier-based, sustained intra-tumoral release formulation of resiquimod, a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist and an imidazoquinolinamine, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intra-tumoral administration, resiquimod binds to TLR7 and 8, which are found mainly on dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and B-lymphocytes, and activates the TLR signaling pathway, which results in the induction of the nuclear translocation of transcription activator nucl… |
Resiquimod Topical Gel |
A topical gel containing the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist resiquimod, an imidazoquinolinamine and with potential immunomodulating activity. Resiquimod binds toTLR7 and 8, mainly on dendritic cells, macrophages, and B-lymphocytes, and activates the TLR signaling pathway, resulting in the induction of the nuclear translocation of transcription activator NF-kB and activation of other transcription factors; subsequently, gene expression increases and the production of cytokines increases, esp… |
Resistant Starch |
A form of dietary fiber that resists degradation by gastrointestinal (GI) enzymes in the small intestine with potential chemopreventive and prebiotic activity. Upon consumption of resistant starch, the fiber is not metabolized or absorbed in the small intestine and enters the colon unaltered. Once in the colon, the starch is fermented by anaerobic colonic bacteria and produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate, which has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. In a… |
Resminostat |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) with potential antineoplastic activity. Resminostat binds to and inhibits HDACs leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones. This may result in an induction of chromatin remodeling, inhibition of the transcription of tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDACs, upregulated in many tumor types, are a class of enzymes that deacetylate chromatin histone pro… |
Resveratrol |
A phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with antioxidant and potential chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol induces phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes (anti-initiation activity); mediates anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits cyclooxygenase and hydroperoxidase functions (anti-promotion activity); and induces promyelocytic leukemia cell differentiation (anti-progression activity), thereby exhibiting activities in three major steps of carcinogenesis. This agent may inhibit… |
Resveratrol Formulation SRT501 |
A proprietary formulation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin derived from grapes and other food products with potential antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic and chemopreventive activities. Resveratrol may activate sirtuin subtype 1 (SIRT-1). SIRT1 activation has been reported to inhibit tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation. SIRT-1 is a member of the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) (or sirtuin) family of enzymes that plays an important role in mitochondrial activity and … |
RET Inhibitor APS03118 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor APS03118 selectively targets and binds to wild-type RET and various RET fusions and mutations, including, but not limited to, solvent front mutations (SFMs) RET G810C/S/R and the gatekeeper RET V804 mutation, thereby inhibiting the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell gr… |
RET Inhibitor FHND5071 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor FHND5071 selectively targets and binds to wild-type RET and various RET fusions and mutations, thereby inhibiting the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors that exhibit increased RET activity due to these fusions and mutations. RET overexpression, activat… |
RET Inhibitor HS-10365 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor HS-10365 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activit… |
RET Inhibitor KL590586 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor SY-5007 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in variou… |
RET Inhibitor LOXO-260 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of fusion products and mutated forms of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the RET inhibitor LOXO-260 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET, including the RET V804 gatekeeper and the G810 solvent-front mutations. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of susceptible tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RE… |
RET Inhibitor SY-5007 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor SY-5007 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or overactivation of RET tyrosine kinase activity in variou… |
RET Inhibitor TY-1091 |
An orally bioavailable, selective, second-generation inhibitor of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RET inhibitor TY-1091 selectively targets and binds to wild-type RET and various RET fusions and mutations, including, but not limited to solvent front and gatekeeper mutations RET G810S, RET V804M/L/E, RET V804M/G810S and M918T/G810S, thereby inhibiting the activity of RET. This re… |
Retaspimycin |
A small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cell populations, which may r… |
Retaspimycin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a small-molecule inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) with antiproliferative and antineoplastic activities. Retaspimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of HSP90, which maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins and may be overexpressed or overactive in tumor cells. Retaspimycin-mediated inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins in susceptible tumor cel… |
Retelliptine |
An ellipticine derivative and topoisomerase II inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Retelliptine intercalates with DNA and inhibits topoisomerase II during DNA replication. In addition, this agent appears to induce cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis mediated through the Fas/Fas ligand death receptor and the mitochondrial pathway. |
Retifanlimab |
A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, retifanlimab binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobu… |
Retinoic Acid Agent Ro 16-9100 |
A synthetic retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, Ro 16-9100 binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. |
Retinoid 9cUAB30 |
A synthetic analogue of 9-cis retinoic acid with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinoid 9cUAB30 binds to and activates retinoid X receptor (RXR) homodimers and/or and retinoic acid receptor (RAR)/RXR heterodimers, which may result in the dissociation of corepressor protein and the recruitment of coactivator protein, followed by transcription of downstream target genes into mRNAs and protein translation. Gene transcription regulated by these transcription factors may… |
Retinol |
The fat soluble vitamin retinol. Vitamin A binds to and activates retinoid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis of some cancer cell types and inhibiting carcinogenesis. Vitamin A plays an essential role in many physiologic processes, including proper functioning of the retina, growth and differentiation of target tissues, proper functioning of the reproductive organs, and modulation of immune function. |
Retinyl Acetate |
A naturally-occurring fatty acid ester form of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. Retinyl acetate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation in some cancer cell types and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04) |
Retinyl Palmitate |
A naturally-occurring phenyl analogue of retinol (vitamin A) with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As the most common form of vitamin A taken for dietary supplementation, retinyl palmitate binds to and activates retinoid receptors, thereby inducing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation, induces apoptosis in some cancer cell types, and exhibits immunomodulatory properties. (NCI04) |
Retlirafusp Alfa |
A bifunctional fusion protein composed of an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody bound, via the C-terminal ends of the Fc region, to the N-terminal-truncated extracellular domain (ECD) of human transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) receptor type II (TGFbetaRII), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint modulating activities. Upon administration, retlirafusp alfa targets, binds to and neutralizes TGFbeta on the tumor cell while the antibody moiety simultan… |
Retrovector Encoding Mutant Anti-Cyclin G1 |
A replication-incompetent, pathotropic, tumor matrix (collagen)-targeted, retroviral vector encoding an N-terminal deletion mutant form of the cyclin G1 gene with potential antineoplastic activity. Under the control of a hybrid long-terminal repeat/cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, retrovector encoding mutant anti-cyclin G expresses the mutant cyclin G1 construct, resulting in disruption of tumor cell cyclin G1 activity and decreased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. This agent preferent… |
Revdofilimab |
An agonistic humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that recognizes the co-stimulatory receptor OX40 (CD134; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, revdofilimab selectively binds to and activates OX40. This may induce the proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and inhibit the function of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of … |
Revumenib |
An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor of the menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, revumenib targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferati… |
Rexinoid NRX 194204 |
An orally bioavailable synthetic retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. Rexinoid NRX 194204 selectively binds to and activates RXRs. Because RXRs can form heterodimers with several nuclear receptors (NRs), RXR activation by this agent may result in a broad range of gene expression depending on the effector DNA response elements activated. Rexinoid NRX 194204 may inhibit the tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated release of nitric oxide … |
Rezetamig |
A human bispecific antibody, with potential antineoplastic activity. Rezetamig contains two binding sites, one for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD22, and one for the T-cell surface antigen CD3. Upon administration, rezetamig binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CD22-expressing B-lineage tumor cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the CD22-expressing tumor B-cells. CD22 is exclusively expressed on B-cells and is often overexpres… |
Rezivertinib |
An orally available third-generation and selective inhibitor of certain epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, including the resistance mutations T790M and L858R, as well as exon 19 deletion, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rezivertinib specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits selective EGFR mutations, with particularly high selectivity against the T790M mutation, which prevents EGFR mutant-mediated signaling and leads to cell death… |
Rezorstobart |
An Fc-attenuated human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the C-type lectin-like receptor cluster of differentiation 161 (CD161), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rezorstobart selectivity targets, binds to and blocks CD161. This disrupts the interaction of CD161 with its ligand lectin-like transcript-1 (CLEC2D; LLT1; OCIL), prevents CD161-mediated signaling, abrogates the CLEC2D/ CD161-mediated suppression of CD161-… |
Rezvilutamide |
An orally bioavailable androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rezvilutamide competitively binds to AR in target tissues, which both prevents androgen-induced receptor activation and facilitates the formation of inactive complexes that cannot be translocated to the nucleus. This prevents binding to and transcription of AR-responsive genes, inhibits the expression of genes that regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and may lead to a… |
RFT5-dgA Immunotoxin IMTOX25 |
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody RFT5 fused to the deglycosylated ricin A-chain (dgA) with potential antitumor activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of RFT5-dgA immunotoxin attaches to CD25 (the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor complex) on the cell membrane; after internalization, the dgA moiety cleaves the N-glycosidic bond between the ribose and adenine base at position 4324 in 28S ribosomal RNA, resulting in ribosome inactivation, inhibition of … |
RGD-modified COX-2 Promoter-controlled Conditionally Replicative Adenovirus RGDCRAdCox2F |
A conditionally replicative, oncolytic adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), with potential oncolytic activity. Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-modified cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 promoter-controlled conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd) RGDCRAdCox2F has been engineered to replace the original E1 region with a COX-2 promoter-controlled E1 expression cassette, and to include RGD modification of the fiber protein. Upon administration, the RGD motif of RGD-modified COX-2 CRAd RGDCRAdCox2F binds to integrins expressed on… |
Rhenium Re 186 Etidronate |
An synthetic compound containing the organic phosphonate hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) labeled with the radioisotope rhenium Re 186. Re-186 etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. Re-186 is a beta emitter with a short half-life, a radioisotope profile that provides localized antitumor radiocytotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues. |
Rhenium Re 186 Obisbemeda |
A therapeutic preparation consisting of the beta-emitting radioisotope rhenium Re 186 encapsulated in a nanoliposome, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral infusion of liposomal rhenium Re 186, the radioisotope releases radiation, which directly kills the tumor cells. The nanoliposomes facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by the tumor cells and localize the radiocytotoxicity to the tumor while sparing surrounding normal, healthy cells. Re-186 has a short half-life … |
Rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled Liposomes |
A liposome-based preparation consisting of the beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclide rhenium Re 188 (Re 188) linked to the chelator N,N-bis (2-mercaptoethyl)-N’,N’-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA) and encapsulated in liposomes, with potential tumor imaging and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion of rhenium Re 188 BMEDA-labeled liposomes, the liposomes selectively target tumor cells, facilitate the retention of the radioisotope by those cells, and cause localized antitumor radio… |
Rhenium Re-188 Ethiodized Oil |
A rhenium (Re) 188 conjugate of ethiodized oil (lipiodol), an iodinated ethyl ester derived from poppy seed oil, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon hepatic intra-arterial injection rhenium Re 188 ethiodized oil accumulates in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of radiation through Re 188 directly to the tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells while sparing surrounding normal cells and tissues. Compared to iodine I 131, Re 188 has a shorter… |
Rhenium Re-188 Etidronate |
A synthetic compound containing the bisphosphonate etidronate (hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate, HEDP) labeled with rhenium Re188, a beta-emitting radioisotope with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Re-188 etidronate binds to hydroxyapatite in bone, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to primary and metastatic bone tumors. The beta-radiation may provide localized anti-tumor radiotoxicity while sparing extramedullary bone marrow tissues. |
Rhizoxin |
A macrocyclic lactone. Rhizoxin binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule assembly, thereby inducing cytotoxicity. This agent also may inhibit endothelial cell-induced angiogenic activity, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation. (NCI04) |
Ribociclib |
An orally available inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ribociclib specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6. This inhibits the cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6 cell cycle pathway, which inhibits phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in the G1 phase, suppressing DNA synthesis … |
Ribociclib Succinate |
The succinate salt form of ribociclib, an orally available inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ribociclib specifically targets, binds to and inhibits CDK4 and CDK6. This inhibits the cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6 cell cycle pathway, which inhibits phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting the cell cycle in t… |
Ribociclib/Letrozole |
An orally available co-packaged agent combination of the succinate salt form of ribociclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targeting cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin D3/CDK6, and letrozole, a nonsteroidal inhibitor of estrogen synthesis, with antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ribociclib specifically inhibits CDK4 and CDK6, thereby inhibiting retinoblastoma (Rb) phosphorylation. Inhibition of Rb phosphorylation prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition, thereby arresting… |
Ribocytokine IL-2 BNT153 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, ribocytokine IL-2 BNT153 is taken up by cells and the expressed IL-2 targets and binds to the IL-2 receptor beta subunit (IL2Rb; IL2Rbeta; CD122). The binding of IL-2 to IL2Rb activates IL2Rb-mediated signaling, which activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and natur… |
Ribocytokine IL-7 BNT152 |
A formulation consisting of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the endogenous cytokine interleukin-7 (IL-7), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, ribocytokine IL-7 BNT152 is taken up by cells and the expressed IL-7 targets and binds to the IL-7 receptor (IL7R). The binding of IL-7 to IL7R activates IL7/IL7R-mediated signaling, which activates B- and T- lymphocytes, may improve immune recovery and activation, an… |
Ribonuclease QBI-139 |
A nuclease of mammalian origin that cleaves the phosphodiester bond between nucleotides of ribonucleic acids with potential antineoplastic activity. Ribonuclease QBI-139 catalyzes the hydrolysis and degradation of RNA leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death. |
Ribozyme RPI.4610 |
A nuclease-stabilized synthetic ribozyme (ribonucleic acid enzyme) with potential anti-angiogenesis activity. Ribozyme RPI.4610 specifically recognizes the mRNA for FLT1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1; VEGFR1), and hydrolyzes the mRNA, thereby preventing VEGFR1 proteins from being made. This may prevent VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis in cancerous tissue and metastasis. |
Rice Bran |
The nutrient-rich hard outer layer of the rice cereal grain, with potential chemopreventive, antioxidant, iron chelating, anticholesterol and anti-inflammatory activities. Rice bran is rich in fiber, such as beta-glucan, pectin and gum; it also comprises vitamins and minerals, such as iron, magnesium and phosphorus, and essential fatty acids. In addition, Rice bran contains various bioactive components, including ferulic acid, tricin, beta-sitosterol, gamma-oryzanol, phytic acid, and inositol… |
Ricolinostat |
An orally bioavailable, specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ricolinostat selectively targets and binds to HDAC6, thereby disrupting the Hsp90 protein chaperone system through hyperacetylation of Hsp90 and preventing the subsequent aggresomal protein degradation. This leads to an accumulation of unfolded and misfolded ubiquitinated proteins and may eventually induce cancer cell apoptosis, and inhibition of cancer cell growth. HDAC6, a cla… |
Ridaforolimus |
A small molecule and non-prodrug analogue of the lipophilic macrolide antibiotic rapamycin with potential antitumor activity. Ridaforolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which may result in cell cycle arrest and, consequently, the inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation. Upregulated in some tumors, mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase involved in regulating cellular proliferation, motility, and survival that is located downstream of the PI3K/Akt signal… |
Rigosertib Sodium |
The sodium salt form of rigosertib, a synthetic benzyl styryl sulfone analogue and Ras mimetic, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rigosertib targets and binds to Ras-binding domain (RBD) found in many Ras effector proteins, including Raf kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). This prevents Ras from binding to its targets and inhibits Ras-mediated signaling pathways, including Ras/Raf/Erk, Ras/CRAF/polo-like kinase1 (Plk1), and Ras/ PI3K/Akt signaling pathw… |
Rilimogene Galvacirepvec |
A vaccine formulation consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus encoding prostate specific antigen (PSA) and recombinant vaccinia virus encoding three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3 (TRICOM). Vaccination with PSA in combination with TRICOM may enhance antigen presentation, resulting in the augmentation of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing PSA. |
Rilimogene Galvacirepvec/Rilimogene Glafolivec |
A vaccine formulation consisting of rilimogene galvacirepvec (V-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-V), a recombinant vaccinia virus, and rilimogene glafolivec (F-PSA-TRICOM; PROSTVAC-F), a recombinant fowlpox virus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Both viruses encode modified forms of human prostate specific antigen (PSA) and the three co-stimulatory molecule transgenes (TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules; TRICOM), B7.1 (CD80), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and l… |
Rilimogene Glafolivec |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant fowlpox virus encoding fragment of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA:154-163 (155L), and a TRIad of COstimulatory Molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3) (TRICOM). Administration of this agent may induce a cytotoxic T cell response against PSA-expressing tumor cells. Dendritic cells infected with TRICOM vectors greatly enhance naive T-cell activation and peptide-specific T-cell stimulation. Fowlpox virus is an attractive vector because its gen… |
Rilogrotug |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against human growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15; macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1; MIC-1; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-inducible gene-1; NAG-1; placental transforming growth factor-beta; pTGFB; prostate-derived factor; PDF; placental bone morphogenetic protein; PLAB), with potential anti-cachexic activity. Upon administration, rilogrotug specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GDF-15, a pro-in… |
Rilotumumab |
A fully human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-HGF monoclonal antibody AMG 102 binds to and neutralizes HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to its receptor c-Met and so c-Met activation; inhibition of c-Met-mediated signal transduction may result in the induction of apoptosis in cells expressing c-Met. c-Met (HGF receptor or HGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in a variety of e… |
Rilunermin Alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of the human C-propeptide of alpha1(I) collagen (Trimer-Tag) to the C-terminus of the mature human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL; Apo2L), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. The binding of TRAIL to the Trimer-Tag allows TRAIL to form a stable covalently-linked homotrimer. Upon administration rilunermin alfa targets, binds to and trimerizes the TRAIL-receptors, pro-apoptotic death receptors (DR… |
Rilvegostomig |
A bispecific antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rilvegostomig simultaneously targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and TIGIT… |
Rindopepimut |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a human epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIIi)-specific peptide conjugated to the non-specific immunomodulator keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination with rindopepimut may elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against tumor cells expressing EGFRvIII. EGFRvIII, a functional variant of EGFR that is not expressed in normal tissues, was originally discovered in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM… |
Rineterkib |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, rineterkib binds to and inhibits ERK, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is upregulated in numerous tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation… |
Ripertamab |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20, with potential antineoplastic activity. Ripertamab binds to the B-cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, which triggers an immune response against CD20-positive B-cells, leading to apoptosis. CD20, a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein, is exclusively expressed on B-cells during most stages of B-cell development and is often overexpressed in B-cell malignancies. |
RIPK1 Inhibitor GSK3145095 |
An orally available, small-molecule inhibitor of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1; receptor-interacting protein 1; RIP1) with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, GSK3145095 disrupts RIPK1-mediated signaling, which may reduce C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1)-driven recruitment and migration of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allows effector cells, … |
Ripretinib |
An orally bioavailable switch pocket control inhibitor of wild-type and mutated forms of the tumor-associated antigens (TAA) mast/stem cell factor receptor (SCFR) KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-alpha; PDGFRa), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ripretinib targets and binds to both wild-type and mutant forms of KIT and PDGFRa specifically at their switch pocket binding sites, thereby preventing the switch from inactive to active conf… |
Risovalisib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, risovalisib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits wild-type PIK3CA and its mutated forms, in the PI3K/Akt (protein kinase B) /mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This results in both apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting … |
Risperidone Formulation in Rumenic Acid |
An orally bioavailable capsule formulation containing the antipsychotic agent risperidone suspended in the lipid rumenic acid, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of VAL401, risperidone may, through an as of yet not elucidated mechanism of action, reduce cellular activity and tumor cell proliferation in multiple cancers. |
Ritrosulfan |
A sulfonate-based alkylation agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Ritrosulfan appears to alkylate DNA, thereby producing DNA crosslinks, resulting in cell cycle arrest. |
Rituximab |
A recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells. (NCI04) |
Rituximab and Hyaluronidase Human |
A combination preparation of rituximab, a genetically engineered chimeric murine/human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 kappa monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, and the recombinant form of the human enzyme hyaluronidase, with antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration of rituximab and hyaluronidase human, the hyaluronidase reversibly depolymerizes the polysaccharide hyaluronan in the subcutaneous tissue. This increases the permeability of the subcutaneous tissue and e… |
Rituximab Conjugate CON-4619 |
A proprietary conjugate of rituximab, a recombinant chimeric murine/human antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the rituximab conjugate CON-4619, the rituximab moiety targets and binds to CD20, a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on normal pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Following binding, rituximab triggers a host cytotoxic immune response against CD20-positive cells. |
Riviciclib |
A flavone and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Riviciclib selectively binds to and inhibits Cdk4/cyclin D1, Cdk1/cyclin B and Cdk9/cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. |
Rivoceranib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of rivoceranib, an orally bioavailable, small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rivoceranib selectively binds to and inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and decrease tumor microvessel density. In addition, this agent mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC tyrosine kinases. |
RNA Electroporated CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing Autologous T-lymphocytes |
Autologous, genetically engineered T-lymphocytes that have been electroporated with an mRNA encoding for an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv) coupled to the co-stimulatory signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, the RNA electroporated CD19CAR-CD3zeta-4-1BB-expressing autologous T-l… |
RNA Transcription Modulator AU-409 |
An orally bioavailable RNA transcription modulator, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RNA transcription modulator AU-409 specifically modulates transcription of RNA and affects the expression of certain genes that play a key role in cancer cell proliferation. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. |
RNA-lipoplex Cancer Vaccine BNT116 |
A RNA-lipoplex (RNA-LIP)-based cancer vaccine containing six messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) each encoding for a different tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), encapsulated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the RNA-lipoplex cancer vaccine BNT116, the liposomes protect the RNA from degradation in the bloodstream, travel to the spleen and are taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The RNA … |
RNR Inhibitor BBI-825 |
An orally available small molecule selective inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RNR inhibitor BBI-825 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of RNR, which decreases the pool of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) available for DNA synthesis. This disrupts DNA synthesis and extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) assembly and repair, resulting in cell cycle arrest and tumor growth inhibition. RNR, an enzyme that cataly… |
RNR Inhibitor COH29 |
An orally available, aromatically substituted thiazole and inhibitor of the human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the RNR inhibitor COH29 binds to the ligand-binding pocket of the RNR M2 subunit (hRRM2) near the C-terminal tail. This blocks the interaction between the hRRM1 and hRRM2 subunits and interferes with the assembly of the active hRRM1/hRRM2 complex of RNR. Inhibition of RNR activity decreases the pool of deoxyribonucl… |
RNR Subunits Interaction Inhibitor TAS1553 |
An orally available human ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) subunits interaction inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, the RNR subunits interaction inhibitor TAS1553 blocks the protein-protein interaction between and interferes with the assembly of the RNR subunits R1 and R2. This prevents RNR activity and decreases the pool of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) available for DNA synthesis. The resulting decrease in DNA synthes… |
Robatumumab |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-IGF-1R fully human monoclonal antibody SCH 717454 binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; downregulation of this survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a tyro… |
Roblitinib |
An inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, roblitinib binds to and inhibits the activity of FGFR4, which leads to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in FGFR4-overexpressing cells. FGFR4 is a receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in certain tumor cells and involved in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, and survival. |
ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NKT Cells |
A preparation of natural killer T (NKT) cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for roundabout homolog 1 (ROBO1, Robo1), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the ROBO1-targeted BiCAR-NK/T cells target and bind to ROBO1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells. This induces selective toxicity in ROBO1-expressing tumor cells. ROBO1, a member of the axon guidance receptor family, is often overexpressed in a variety of … |
Rocakinogene Sifuplasmid |
A plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the human pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) with potential immunoactivating activity. Upon intramuscular delivery by electroporation of rocakinogene sifuplasmid, IL-12 is translated in cells and activates the immune system by promoting the activation of natural killer cells (NK cells), inducing secretion of interferon-gamma and promoting cytotoxic T-cell responses against tumor cells. This may result in both immune-mediated tumor cell death and th… |
Rocapuldencel-T |
A cancer vaccine in which autologous dendritic cells are transfected with patient-specific renal cell carcinoma (RCC) RNA and a synthetic, truncated human CD40 ligand (CD40L) RNA with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Individual RCC-specific RNA, encoding a unique repertoire of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) (including telomerase reverse transcriptase, G250, and oncofetal antigen) is electroporated into autologous dendritic cells (DCs), transfected with synthetic RN… |
Rocbrutinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, rocbrutinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of wild-type (WT) BTK and non-covalently binds to inhibits the activity of C481 mutated BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481 (C481S). This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen recep… |
Rociletinib |
An orally available small molecule, irreversible inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Rociletinib binds to and inhibits mutant forms of EGFR, including T790M, thereby leading to cell death of resistant tumor cells. Compared to other EGFR inhibitors, CO-1686 inhibits T790M, a secondary acquired resistance mutation, as well as other mutant EGFRs and may have therapeutic benefits in tumors with T790M-mediated resistance to other EGFR tyrosi… |
Rodorubicin |
A synthetic tetraglycosidic anthracycline antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Rodorubicin appears to intercalate DNA and causes cell death. Due to its severe cardiotoxic effects, this agent was never marketed. |
Roducitabine |
An orally available small molecule and nucleoside antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, roducitabine is taken up by cells through a carrier-mediated transporter, phosphorylated by uridine cytidine kinase (UCK) and then further phosphorylated to its diphosphate (RX-DP) and triphosphate forms (RX-TP). The triphosphate form is incorporated into RNA and inhibits RNA synthesis. The diphosphate RX-DP is reduced by ribonucleotide reductase (RR) to dRX-DP; its tr… |
Rofecoxib |
A synthetic, nonsteroidal derivative of phenyl-furanone with antiinflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties and potential antineoplastic properties. Rofecoxib binds to and inhibits the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in an inhibition of the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. COX-related metabolic pathways may represent key regulators of cell proliferation and neo-angiogenesis. Some epithelial tumor cell types overexpress pro-angiogenic COX-2. (NCI04) |
Roflumilast |
An orally available, long-acting inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 (PDE4), with anti-inflammatory and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, roflumilast and its active metabolite roflumilast N-oxide selectively and competitively bind to and inhibit PDE4, which leads to an increase of both intracellular levels of cyclic-3’,5’-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP-mediated signaling. cAMP prevents phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and abrogates activ… |
Rogaratinib |
A pan inhibitor of human fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rogaratinib inhibits the activities of FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of both tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. FGFRs are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases, which may be upregulated in various tumor cell types and may be involved in tumor cell differentiation and proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, … |
Rogletimide |
An orally active aminoglutethimide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Rogletimide reversibly inhibits the activity of aromatase, a cytochrome P450 family enzyme found in many tissues and the key enzyme in the oxidative aromatization process of androgens to estrogens. In estrogen-dependent cancers, the inhibition of aromatase by this agent leads to a reduction in the synthesis of estrogen, thereby inhibiting estrogen-mediated signal transduction and consequently reducing tumor … |
Rolinsatamab Talirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a proprietary monoclonal antibody against the prolactin receptor (PRLR) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of rolinsatamab talirine, rolinsatamab targets and binds to PRLR expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, talirine is released and kills the PRLR-expressing tumor cells, through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. PRLR, a tumor-ass… |
Romidepsin |
A bicyclic depsipeptide antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum with antineoplastic activity. After intracellular activation, romidepsin binds to and inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC), resulting in alterations in gene expression and the induction of cell differentiation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also inhibits hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and depletes several heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-dependent oncoproteins. |
Roneparstat |
An N-acetylated, glycol-split form of heparin that is devoid of anticoagulant activity and is an inhibitor of heparanase with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, roneparstat inhibits the activity of heparanase. This prevents the heparanase-mediated cleavage of heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans on cell surfaces and within the extracellular matrix. In addition, this agent prevents the heparanase-induced production of a number of angiogenic growth fac… |
Roniciclib |
An orally bioavailable cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Roniciclib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK1/Cyclin B, CDK2/Cyclin E, CDK4/Cyclin D1, and CDK9/Cyclin T1, serine/threonine kinases that play key roles in the regulation of the cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation. Inhibition of these kinases leads to cell cycle arrest during the G1/S transition, thereby leading to an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of… |
Ropeginterferon Alfa-2B |
A long-acting formulation of recombinant interferon alpha subtype 2b (IFN-a2b), in which IFN-a2b is coupled, via proline, to polyethylene glycol (PEG), with antiviral, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of ropeginterferon alfa-2b, IFN-a2b targets and binds to specific IFN cell-surface receptors. This activates IFN-mediated signal transduction pathways and induces the transcription and translation of genes with IFN-specific response elements (ISREs). Their prot… |
Ropidoxuridine |
An orally available 5-substituted 2-pyrimidinone-2’-deoxyribonucleoside analogue and prodrug of 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR), an iodinated analogue of deoxyuridine, with radiosensitizing activity. Upon oral administration, ropidoxuridine (IPdR) is efficiently converted to idoxuridine (IUdR) by a hepatic aldehyde oxidase. In turn, IUdR is incorporated into DNA during replication, thereby sensitizing cells to ionizing radiation by increasing DNA strand breaks. Compared to IUdR, ropidoxuridine is a… |
Ropocamptide |
A synthetic form of a human antimicrobial peptide (37 amino acids), belonging to the cathelicidin family, with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection of the ropocamptide, this peptide increases p53 expression, and induces phosphatidylserine externalization, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)/ endonuclease G (EndoG)-mediated apoptotic cell death in suscept… |
Roquinimex |
A quinoline-3-carboxamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Roquinimex inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and basement membrane invasion; reduces the secretion of the angiogenic factor tumor necrosis factor alpha by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs); and inhibits angiogenesis. This agent is also an immune modulator that appears to alter cytokine profiles and enhance the activity of T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages. (NCI04) |
ROR1 CAR-specific Autologous T-Lymphocytes |
A mixture of two T-lymphocyte preparations expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) single chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to either the co-stimulatory signaling domain cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28), and the zeta chain of the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (ROR1CD28zeta), or the co-stimulatory signaling domain cluster of differentiation 137 (CD137; 4-1BB), and the zeta chain of the T-cel… |
ROS1 Inhibitor JYP0322 |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ROS1 inhibitor JYP0322 targets, binds to and inhibits ROS1. This inhibits proliferation of ROS1-driven tumor cells. ROS1, overexpressed, rearranged and/or mutated in certain cancer cells, plays a key role in cell growth and survival of various types of cancer cells. |
ROS1/TRK/ALK Inhibitor TY-2136b |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and the tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ROS1/TRK/ALK inhibitor TY-2136b targets, binds to and inhibits ROS1, TRK, ALK alterations and resistance mutations, including acquired ROS1/TRK/ALK mutations and especially solvent front substitutions such as RO… |
Rosabulin |
A small molecule vascular disrupting agent, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Rosabulin binds to tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits microtubule assembly. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor endothelial cells, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and blockage of cell division. By destroying proliferating vascular cells, blood flow to the tumor is reduced and eventually leads to a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. |
Rose Bengal Solution PV-10 |
An injectable ten percent solution of rose bengal disodium, an iodinated fluorescein derivative, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. When injected into tumor tissue, PV-10 specifically targets and concentrates in tumor cells, producing cytotoxic singlet oxygen when exposed to ionizing radiation. In addition, PV-10 may stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Rosiglitazone Maleate |
The maleate salt of rosiglitazone, an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Rosiglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte dif… |
Rosmantuzumab |
An immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human R-spondin 3 (RSPO3), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, rosmantuzumab targets and binds to RSPO3 expressed on tumor cells. This prevents the activation of RSPO3, and inhibits both the binding of RSPO3 to leucine-rich repeat-containing G-coupled receptors (LGRs) and the activation of the RSPO-LGR pathway. This may result in an inhibition of both cancer stem cell… |
Rosopatamab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against the external domain of the Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in the malignant prostate and its metastases. Although PSMA is not a biomarker of disease progression, over-expression indicates an aggressive phenotype of the prostate cancer. Rosopatamab was generated by replacing murine Ig sequences with human ones, thereby MoAb huJ591can be administered to patients on multiple occasions over long time periods without inducing … |
Rosuvastatin |
A statin with antilipidemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Rosuvastatin selectively and competitively binds to and inhibits hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol. This leads to a decrease in hepatic cholesterol levels and increase in uptake of LDL cholesterol. In addition, rosuvastatin, like other statins, exhibits pro-apoptotic, growth inhibitory, and pro-differen… |
Rovalpituzumab Tesirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) containing a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), conjugated to the cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer D6.5 (SC-DR002) via a maleimide-containing linker with an eight-carbon polyethylene glycol spacer and a cathepsin B-cleavable valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MAb moiety of rovalpituzumab tesirine selectively binds to DLL3 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internali… |
RSK1-4 Inhibitor PMD-026 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (p90RSK; RSK) subtypes 1-4, with high selectivity for RSK subtype 2 (RSK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of the RSK1-4 inhibitor PMD-026, this agent targets and inhibits the RSK subtypes, thereby inhibiting RSK-mediated signaling. This prevents the phosphorylation and activation of the transcription factor Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) and leads to cell cycle arrest, an indu… |
Rubitecan |
A semisynthetic agent related to camptothecin with potent antitumor and antiviral properties. Rubitecan binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I and induces protein-linked DNA single-strand breaks, thereby blocking DNA and RNA synthesis in dividing cells; this agent also prevents repair of reversible single-strand DNA breaks. (NCI04) |
Rucaparib |
An orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents and reve… |
Rucaparib Camsylate |
The camsylate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytoto… |
Rucaparib Phosphate |
The phosphate salt form of rucaparib, an orally bioavailable tricyclic indole and inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 (PARP1), 2 (PARP2) and 3 (PARP3), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, rucaparib selectively binds to PARP1, 2 and 3 and inhibits PARP-mediated DNA repair. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This may enhance the cytoto… |
Rucosopasem Manganese |
A mimetic of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) that may potentially be used to increase the anti-cancer efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Upon administration, rucosopasem manganese may mimic native SODs and catalyze the formation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide from the burst of superoxide anion present in the irradiated tissues upon radiation. As hydrogen peroxide is less toxic than superoxide to normal tissues, but more toxic to cancer cells, this may inc… |
Rulonilimab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,rulonilimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmem… |
Runimotamab |
An anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/anti-CD3 T-cell-dependent bispecific (TDB) monoclonal antibody with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, runimotamab possesses two antigen recognition sites, one for HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor overexpressed by many cancer cell types, and one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that interact with the T-cell receptor (TCR). Upon administration of runimotamab, this bi… |
Rupitasertib |
An orally available inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinases ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K) and Akt (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, rupitasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of p70S6K and Akt. This prevents the activation of the PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway and inhibits tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells that have an overactivated PI3K/Akt/p70S6K signaling pathway. Constitutive activation and dysregulated signali… |
Ruserontinib |
An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, CD135 or FLK2), and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase ABL (Abl), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ruserontinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR, FLT3 and Abl, which interferes with the activation of EGFR-, FLT3- and Abl-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress EGFR, FLT3 and/or Abl. E… |
Ruthenium Ru-106 |
A radioactive isotope of the rare element ruthenium, a member of the light platinum group. A radioactive plaque containing ruthenium 106 may be inserted into the eye to irradiate ophthalmic tumors. (NCI04) |
Ruthenium-based Small Molecule Therapeutic BOLD-100 |
A ruthenium-based, small molecule that selectively inhibits stress-induced upregulation of GRP78, with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanisms(s) through which this agent exerts its effects have yet to be fully elucidated, upon administration, BOLD-100 may selectively inhibit stress-induced upregulation of GRP78, thereby preventing the activation of multiple GRP78-mediated pathways and blocking GRP78-induced suppression of apoptotic pathways. This may lead to the indu… |
Ruthenium-based Transferrin Targeting Agent NKP-1339 |
A ruthenium-containing cancer agent targeting transferrin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, NKP-1339 (Ru3+) binds to transferrin (Tf) and is taken up via Tf receptors (TfR), which are overexpressed on cancer cells. Once inside the cell, NKP-1339 is released from Tf and is reduced, within the acidic environment of the endosomes, to its active form NKP-119 (Ru2+). In turn, the active form induces a redox reaction, thereby leading to the formation of reacti… |
Ruxolitinib |
An orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is involved in cellular proliferation, growth, h… |
Ruxolitinib Phosphate |
The phosphate salt form of ruxolitinib, an orally bioavailable Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Ruxolitinib specifically binds to and inhibits protein tyrosine kinases JAK 1 and 2, which may lead to a reduction in inflammation and an inhibition of cellular proliferation. The JAK-STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway plays a key role in the signaling of many cytokines and growth factors and is invol… |
Ruxoprubart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against complement factor Bb (FBb; Bb) that can be used to treat various alternate pathway (AP)-mediated diseases. Upon administration, ruxoprubart selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes Bb. This prevents the binding of Bb to C3 and prevents the formation of protease C3 convertase (C3Bb). This prevents the conversion of C3 into the fragments C3a and C3b, thereby preventing C3b deposition and C3b-mediated extravascular hemolysis. Also, by prevent… |
Ruxotemitide |
A peptide derived from human lactoferrin, with potential lytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon transdermal injection directly into the tumor, ruxotemitide may bind to the tumor cell membranes and subsequently lyse tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell necrosis. In turn, presentation of the tumor antigens to the immune system may induce systemic innate and adaptive immune responses mediated by anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and natural killer T (NKT) c… |
RXR-alpha Variant-targeting Agent NM6603 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule agent that targets retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR-alpha; RXRA) variant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, RXR-alpha variant-targeting agent NM6603 selectively targets and binds to RXR-alpha variants and inhibits transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb)-mediated signaling pathway. This abrogates TGF-beta-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME), increases cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activities, and inhib… |
Sabarubicin |
A disaccharide analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Sabarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also induces apoptosis through a p53-independent mechanism. Sabarubicin is less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. |
Sabatolimab |
An inhibitor of the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sabatolimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain immune cells, including tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). This abrogates T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes and enhances cytotoxic T-cell-mediated tumor cell ly… |
Sabizabulin |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule tubulin inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, sabizabulin binds to the colchicine-binding site of alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits of microtubules and crosslinks the microtubules, thereby inhibiting microtubule polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As… |
Sacituzumab Govitecan |
An antibody drug conjugate containing the humanized monoclonal antibody, hRS7, against tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (TACSTD2 or TROP2) and linked to the active metabolite of irinotecan, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of sacituzumab govitecan selectively binds to TROP2. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage, SN-38 selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, resulting in DNA breaks t… |
Sacituzumab Tirumotecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) trophoblast cell surface protein 2 (trophoblast antigen 2; calcium signal transducer 2; TROP2; TROP-2; TACSTD2; GA733-1; M1S1) conjugated, via a methyl sulfonyl pyrimidine linker, to the belotecan derivative and topoisomerase I inhibitor tirumotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of sacituzumab tirumoteca… |
S-Adenosylmethionine |
A nutritional supplement that is synthesized from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the amino acid methionine by the endogenous essential enzyme methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, S-adenosylmethionine acts as a methyl donor for various transmethylation reactions. In cancer cells, this agent induces the methylation of tumor promoting genes, reverses DNA hypomethylation, and leads to the suppression of oncogene transcription. This … |
Safimaltib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, safimaltib targets, binds to, and prevents the activity of MALT1. This inhibits MALT1-dependent signaling, reduces interleukin-10 (IL-10) and upregulates interferon (IFN). This results in the inhibition of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB… |
Safimestomig |
A humanized bispecific antibody targeting both the human cell surface antigen CD47 and the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, safimestomig targets and binds to both CD47 and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells. The CD47 binding by safimestomig blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRP… |
Safingol |
A saturated derivative of sphingosine. As an inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), safingol competitively binds to the regulatory phorbol-binding domain of PKC, a kinase involved in tumorigenesis. This agent has been shown to act synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents and may potentiate chemotherapy drug-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. |
Safusidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1; IDH-1; IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) mutant forms, including substitution mutations at the arginine in position 132, IDH1(R132) (IDH1-R132), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, safusidenib specifically binds to and inhibits certain mutant forms of IDH1, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling… |
Sagopilone |
A fully synthetic low-molecular-weight epothilone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sagopilone binds to tubulin and induces microtubule polymerization while stabilizing microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. The agent is not a substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and so may exhibit activity in multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors. The epothilone class of metabolites was originall… |
Salirasib |
A salicylic acid derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Salirasib dislodges all Ras isoforms from their membrane-anchoring sites, thereby preventing activation of RAS signaling cascades that mediated cell proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. RAS signaling is believed to be abnormally activated in one-third of human cancers, including cancers of the pancreas, colon, lung and breast. |
Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium Expressing L-methioninase SGN1 |
A genetically modified strain of Salmonella enterica, serotype typhimurium that expresses L-methioninase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium expressing L-methioninase SGN1 selectively accumulates and replicates in tumor cells, inhibiting the growth of tumors. SGN1 also delivers the oncolytic enzyme L-methioninase, a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the elimination of L-methionine, to tumor cells. This elimin… |
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ZH9 |
A formulation containing a live-attenuated strain of the bacterium Salmonella typhi, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ZH9, the Salmonella in ZH9 may cause a Salmonella-induced systemic reprogramming of myeloid cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This enhances the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells, including the upregulation of co-stimulatory and major histocompatibility (MHC) molecu… |
Salmonella VNP20009 |
A genetically stable Salmonella typhimurium strain, attenuated by chromosomal deletion of the purI and msbB genes, with tumor-targeting activity. In rodent models, salmonella VNP20009 has been shown to selectively accumulate and grow in a variety of tumor types, inhibiting the growth of primary and metastatic tumors. This agent may be genetically engineered to contain transgenes that express therapeutic agents or cell surface tumor-associated antigen-specific antibodies, such as CEA-specific … |
Salt-inducible Kinase Inhibitor GRN-300 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the salt inducible kinases 2 (SIK2) and 3 (SIK3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of SIK inhibitor GRN-300, this agent targets, binds to and blocks the activity of SIK2 and SIK3. This prevents SIK2/3-mediated signaling, blocks centrosome separation, and inhibits proliferation in SIK2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. GRN-300 may enhance tumor sensitivity to other chemotherapeutic agents. SIK2/3, serine/threonine c… |
Sam68 Modulator CWP232291 |
A small molecule and prodrug of CWP232204 targeting Src associated in mitosis, of 68 kDa (Sam68 or KHDRBS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. CWP232291 is converted in serum into its active form CWP232204 which binds to Sam68, thereby resulting in the induction of apoptosis in selective cancer cells. Due to the multimodular structure of Sam68, the apoptosis mediated by CWP232204-Sam68 interaction can attribute from 1) activation of transcription factor NF-kB induced by tumor necrosis f… |
Samalizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human immunosuppressive molecule CD200 (OX-2) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Samalizumab binds to CD200, blocking the binding of CD200 to its receptor, CD200R, present on cells of the macrophage lineage; inhibition of CD200 may augment the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) mediated immune response against CD200-expressing tumor cells. CD200 is a type 1a transmembrane protein, related to the B7 family of co-stimul… |
Samarium Sm 153-DOTMP |
A radioconjugate composed of the phosphonic acid chelator DOTMP (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethylenephosphonic acid) conjugated to the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope samarium Sm 153, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of samarium Sm 153-DOTMP, the DOTMP moiety targets and binds to growing bone, thereby selectively delivering samarium Sm 153-mediated cytotoxic radiation to bone tumor and metastases, which may help destroy bone metastases and m… |
Samatatug Zovodotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of a monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF) conjugated via a linker to an auristatin payload, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anti-TF ADC XB002, the anti-TF antibody moiety binds to cell surface TF and is internalized. After internalization of the agent, the auristatin moiety is released. It then binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and induces apoptosis of T… |
Samotolisib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of certain class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) isoforms and mammalian target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Samotolisib inhibits both certain PI3K isoforms and mTOR in an ATP-competitive manner which may inhibit both the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway in and proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing PI3K and/or mTOR. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is upregulated in a variety of … |
Samrotamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody against leucine-rich repeat containing 15 (LRRC15) linked, via the protease-cleavable valine-citrulline linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of samrotamab vedotin, the samrotamab moiety targets and binds to LRRC15 expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor cells. Upon binding and internalizati… |
Samuraciclib |
An orally available, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, samuraciclib selectively and competitively binds to the CDK7 ATP binding site, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. CDK7, a serine/threonine kinase, plays a role in controlling cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, and promotes the expression of key oncogenes such as c-Myc through the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. Inhibitio… |
San Zhong Kui Jian Tang |
A traditional Chinese herbal medicine containing sixteen or seventeen herbs, including berberine and baicalin, with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Although the mechanisms of action through which San Zhong Kui Jian Tang (SZKJT) exerts its effects are not yet fully elucidated, upon administration, SZKJT may reduce swelling, induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation. |
Sapacitabine |
An orally bioavailable pyrimidine analogue prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapacitabine is hydrolyzed by amidases to the deoxycytosine analogue CNDAC (2’-Cyano-2’-deoxyarabinofuranosylcytosine), which is then phosphorylated into the active triphosphate form. As an analogue of deoxycytidine triphosphate, CNDAC triphosphate incorporates into DNA strands during replication, resulting in single-stranded DNA breaks during polymerization due to beta-elimination during the fidelity c… |
Sapanisertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR (TOR complex 1 or TORC1) and rictor-mTOR (TOR complex 2 or TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sapanisertib binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2 complexes of mTOR, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. |
Sapecmeran Autogene |
An mRNA-based, personalized cancer vaccine consisting of a self-amplifying mRNA (SAM), formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), targeting twenty tumor-specific neoantigens (TSNAs) that have been identified through genetic sequencing of a patient’s tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of sapecmeran autogene, the mRNA is taken up and translated by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Then, the expressed epitopes are presente… |
Sapitinib |
An erbB receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. erbB kinase inhibitor AZD8931 binds to and inhibits erbB tyrosine receptor kinases, which may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in tumors expressing erbB. The erbB protein family, also called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, plays major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
Saracatinib |
An orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediated osteoclast bone resorption. |
Saracatinib Difumarate |
The difumarate salt of saracatinib, an orally available 5-, 7-substituted anilinoquinazoline with anti-invasive and anti-tumor activities. Saracatinib is a dual-specific inhibitor of Src and Abl, protein tyrosine kinases that are overexpressed in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. This agent binds to and inhibits these tyrosine kinases and affects cell motility, cell migration, adhesion, invasion, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Specifically, Saracatinib inhibits Src kinase-mediate… |
SarCNU |
An alkylating chloroethylnitrosourea with antineoplastic activity. Selectively accumulating in some tumor cells, SarCNU forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Sardomozide |
A methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiviral properties. Sardomozide selectively binds to and inhibits S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), an enzyme essential for the biosynthesis of polyamines, such as spermine and spermidine that bind to DNA and play critical roles in cell division, cell differentiation and membrane function. By inhibiting SAMDC, sardomozide reduces the intracellular polyamine concentration, thereby interfering w… |
Sargramostim |
A recombinant therapeutic agent chemically identical to endogenous human GM-CSF except a leucine substitution in position 23. Binding to specific cell surface receptors, sargramostim modulates the proliferation and differentiation of a variety of hematopoietic progenitor cells with some specificity towards stimulation of leukocyte production and may reverse treatment-induced neutropenias. This agent also promotes antigen presentation, up-regulates antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (AD… |
Sargramostim Plasmid DNA Pancreatic Tumor Cell Vaccine |
A whole cell vaccine comprised of irradiated allogenic pancreatic tumor cells transfected with a plasmid DNA encoding human sargramostim (GM-CSF). Vaccination results in expression of GM-CSF, which induces proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic lineage cells as well as stimulating macrophage and dendritic cell functions in antigen presentation and antitumor cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, administration of this pancreatic tumor cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte… |
Sargramostim Plasmid DNA Sarcoma Vaccine |
An autologous sarcoma cell vaccine with potential immunostimulatory activity. Tumor cells harvested from a patient with sarcoma are transfected with a plasmid DNA encoding for human sargramostim (GM-CSF) using a particle-mediated gene transfer (PMGT) technique, which avoids the use of infectious components. Vaccination with an autologous sargramostim sarcoma vaccine produces high levels of GM-CSF, a cytokine that enhances antigen presentation by activated macrophages and increases the recogni… |
Saruparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), with potential chemo/radiosensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, saruparib selectively targets and binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. This may enhance the cytotoxicity of DNA-dam… |
Sasanlimab |
An inhibitor of the human inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sasanlimab targets and binds to PD-1 and blocks the interaction between PD-1 and its ligands, PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxi… |
Satraplatin |
An orally administered third generation platinum compound with potential antineoplastic activity. Satraplatin forms highly reactive, charged, platinum complexes which bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, inducing intrastrand and interstrand DNA cross-links, as well as DNA-protein cross-links. These cross-links result in cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. |
Savolitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Savolitinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activation of c-Met in an ATP-competitive manner, and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may result in cell growth inhibition in tumors that overexpress the c-Met protein. C-Met encodes the hepatocyte growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase and plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and … |
SB-AS15 Adjuvant |
A vaccine adjuvant containing CpG 7909, monophosphoryl lipid, and QS-21 with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulatory activities. CpG 7909 is a synthetic 24-mer oligonucleotide containing 3 CpG motifs that selectively targets Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), thereby activating dendritic and B cells and stimulating cytotoxic T cell and antibody responses against tumor cells bearing tumor antigens. Monophosphoryl lipid is a detoxified derivative of lipid A, a component of Salmonella minnesota… |
SBIL-2 |
An retroviral vector encoding human IL-2 with potential antineoplastic property. SBIL-2 (Surgery Branch IL-2) can be used to transfect tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, which can then be re-introduced back to cancer patients, thereby stimulate T cell activation and immunopotentiation responses. |
Scopoletin |
A coumarin compound found in several plants including those in the genus Scopolia and the genus Brunfelsia, as well as chicory (Cichorium), redstem wormwood (Artemisia scoparia), stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), passion flower (Passiflora), noni (Morinda citrifolia fruit) and European black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) that is comprised of umbelliferone with a methoxy group substituent at position 6. Scopoletin is used to standardize and establish pharmacokinetic properties for products derive… |
SDF-1 Receptor Antagonist PTX-9908 |
A stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1; CXCL12) analog and inhibitor of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, PTX-9908 selectively targets and binds to CXCR4, thereby preventing the binding of CXCR4 to its ligand SDF-1. This inhibits receptor activation and results in decreased proliferation and migration of CXCR4-overexpressing tumor cells. The G protein-coupled receptor CXCR4, which is overexpressed in several tumor cell types,… |
Sec61 Inhibitor KZR-261 |
A small molecule inhibitor of the Sec61 translocon, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Sec61 inhibitor KZR-261 targets Sec61 and inhibits the translocation of multiple secreted and transmembrane proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the Sec61 channel. This inhibits the secretion pathway and prevents the expression of these secreted and transmembrane proteins, which may include cytokines, oncogenic receptors, angiogenic factors and immune checkpoint mol… |
Seclidemstat |
An orally available, reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, or KDM1A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, seclidemstat reversibly inhibits LSD1, a demethylase that suppresses the expression of target genes by converting the di- and mono-methylated forms of lysine at position 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) to mono- and unmethylated H3K4, respectively. LSD1 inhibition enhances H3K4 methylation and increases the expression of tumor supp… |
Sedoxantrone Trihydrochloride |
The trihydrochloride salt of the anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic sedoxantrone with potential antineoplastic activity. Sedoxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. |
Segigratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) types 1, 2, and 3 (FGFR1/2/3) and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, segigratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR1/2/3, which may result in the inhibition of FGFR1/2/3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits proliferation in FGFR1/2/3-overexpressing tumor cells. 3D185 also targets and bind… |
Selatinib Ditosilate |
An orally bioavailable ditosilate salt form of selatinib, an analog of the quinazoline lapatinib and dual inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (ErbB-2 or HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, selatinib reversibly blocks phosphorylation of both EGFR and ErbB2, thereby suppressing tumor growth in EGFR/ErbB-2-overexpressing tumor cells. The tyrosine kinases EGFR and ErbB2 have been implicated in the growt… |
Selective Cytokine Inhibitory Drug CC-1088 |
An analog of thalidomide with potential antineoplastic activity that belongs to the functional class of agents called selective cytokine inhibitory drugs (SelCIDs). SelCIDs inhibit phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE 4), an enzyme involved in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) production. CC-1088 inhibits production of the cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (a pro-angiogenic factor) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). (NCI04) |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Covalent Antagonist TQB3915 |
An orally bioavailable, selective and covalent antagonist of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ERa; ESR1; nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1; NR3A1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, selective estrogen receptor covalent antagonist TQB3915 selectively and covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of ERalpha. This inhibits the growth and survival of ERalpha-expressing cancer cells. ERalpha, a nuclear hormone receptor often overexpressed and/or m… |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AND019 |
An orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD AND019 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader AZD9496 |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SERD AZD9496 binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader GDC-0927 |
An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD GDC-0927 specifically binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LSZ102 |
An selective estrogen receptor (ER) degrader (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of LSZ102, this agent binds to the ER and induces the degradation of the receptor. This prevents ER activation and ER-mediated signaling, and inhibits the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader LX-039 |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD LX-039 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator CC-8490 |
A benzopyran with potential antineoplastic activity. CC-8490 acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), inhibiting the proliferation of estrogen-sensitive breast cancer cells. This agent also inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of glioblastoma cells via a mechanism independent of estrogen receptor-related mechanisms. (NCI04) |
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator TAS-108 |
A synthetic, antiestrogenic steroidal compound with potential antitumor activity. TAS-108 binds to and inhibits estrogenic receptor alpha (ERa), mainly expressed in the mammary gland and uterus and upregulated in estrogen-dependent tumors. Blockage of ERa by TAS-108 prevents the binding and effects of estrogen and may lead to an inhibition of estrogen-dependent cancer cell proliferation. TAS-108 also is a partial agonist of the estrogenic receptor beta (ERb), expressed in many tissues includi… |
Selective Human Estrogen-receptor Alpha Partial Agonist TTC-352 |
A benzothiophene and orally bioavailable selective human estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha; ESR1; ERa) partial agonist (ShERPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TTC-352 mimics the naturally-occurring 17beta-estradiol (E2) and targets and binds to ERa located in the nucleus. This causes translocation of ERa to extranuclear sites. Nuclear export of ERa prevents normal ER-mediated signaling and inhibits proliferation of ER-positive tumor cells. TTC-352 causes tumor re… |
Seliciclib |
An orally available small molecule and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential apoptotic and antineoplastic activity. CDKs, serine/threonine kinases that play an important role in cell cycle regulation, are overexpressed in various malignancies. Seliciclib primarily inhibits CDK 2, 7, and 9 by competing for the ATP binding sites on these kinases, leading to a disruption of cell cycle progression. In addition, this agent seems to interfere with CDK-mediated phosphorylation of th… |
Selicrelumab |
A human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, selicrelumab targets and binds to CD40 expressed on a variety of immune cell types. This induces CD40-dependent signaling pathways and triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells and T-cells, resulting in an enhanced anti-tumor immune response. CD40, … |
Selinexor |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 protein, exportin 1 or XPO1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Selinexor modifies the essential CRM1-cargo binding residue cysteine-528, thereby irreversibly inactivates CRM1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p21, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins. As a result, this agent, via the approach of selective inhibition … |
Selitrectinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, LOXO-195 specifically targets and binds to TRK, including the fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1), 2 (NTRK2), and 3 (NTRK3). This prevents neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, which results in both the induction of cellular apoptosis and the inhib… |
Selonsertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), with potential anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, selonsertib targets and binds to the catalytic kinase domain of ASK1 in an ATP-competitive manner, thereby preventing its phosphorylation and activation. This prevents the phosphorylation of downstream kinases, such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). By prev… |
Selpercatinib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, mutant and fusion products involving the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, selpercatinib selectively binds to and targets wild-type RET as well as various RET mutants and RET-containing fusion products. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. In addition, selpercatinib ta… |
Selumetinib |
An orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 by selumetinib prevents the activa… |
Selumetinib Sulfate |
The sulfate salt of selumetinib, an orally active, small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Selumetinib is an ATP-independent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAPK/ERK kinase) 1 and 2. MEK 1 and 2 are dual specificity kinases that are essential mediators in the activation of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, are often upregulated in various cancer cells, and are drivers of diverse cellular responses, including proliferation. Inhibition of both MEK1 and 2 b… |
Semaxanib |
A quinolone derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Semaxanib reversibly inhibits ATP binding to the tyrosine kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may inhibit VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell migration and proliferation and reduce the tumor microvasculature. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of the stem cell factor receptor tyrosine kinase c-kit, often expressed in acute myelogenous leukemia cells. |
Semuloparin |
An ultralow-molecular-weight heparin (ULMWH) (Mw: 2000-3000 daltons)consisting of a polydisperse mixture of oligomeric heparin fragments with potential anticoagulant activity. Ultralow-molecular-weight heparin AVE5026 binds to and activates antithrombin III (ATIII), which may result in the inhibition of activated factor Xa and, to a much lesser extent, factor IIa (thrombin) and so the inhibition of fibrin formation. Compared to low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs), AVE5026 exhibits an even h… |
Semustine |
A methylated derivative of carmustine with antineoplastic activity. As an alkylating agent, semustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Senaparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzymes poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, senaparib selectively binds to PARP 1 and 2 and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single-strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear prote… |
Sendegobresib |
An orally bioavailable heterobifunctional protein degrader of bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9; sarcoma antigen NY-SAR-29; rhabdomyosarcoma antigen MU-RMS-40.8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Sendegobresib is comprised of an E3 ligase-binding moiety and a BRD9-binding moiety. Upon oral administration, sendegobresib targets and binds to BRD9 with its BRD9-binding moiety. Upon BRD9 binding, the E3 ligase-binding moiety binds to cereblon (CRBN), a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ub… |
Seneca Valley Virus-001 |
A replication-competent oncolytic picornavirus with potential antineoplastic activity. Administered systemically, Seneca Valley virus-001 specifically targets and infects tumor cells with neuroendocrine characteristics. Upon infection, this agent replicates intracellularly, resulting in tumor cell lysis and reduced tumor cell proliferation. The selective tropism of virus replication may involve receptor-mediated internalization. |
Seocalcitol |
A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Seocalcitol binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, seocalcitol may also induce growth arrest and apopt… |
Sepantronium Bromide |
A small-molecule proapoptotic agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Sepantronium bromide selectively inhibits survivin expression in tumor cells, resulting in inhibition of survivin antiapoptotic activity (via the extrinsic or intrinsic apoptotic pathways) and tumor cell apoptosis. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, is expressed during embryonal development and is absent in most normal, terminally differentiated tissues; upregulated in a variety of hum… |
S-equol |
An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal estrogen naturally produced by the metabolism of the isoflavonoid daidzein by human intestinal microflora, with potential chemoprotective and estrogen receptor (ER) modulating activities. S-equol preferentially binds to and activates the beta isoform of ER in certain target tissues, while having an antagonistic effect in other tissues. This modulates the expression of ER-responsive genes in a tissue-specific manner. This agent may increase bone mineral de… |
Serabelisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha isoform with potential antineoplastic activity. Serabelisib selectively inhibits PI3K alpha kinase, including mutations of PIK3CA, in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PI3K alpha-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/… |
Serclutamab Talirine |
A antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of serclutamab, an affinity-matured humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) conjugated to a talirine, a cytotoxic, DNA minor groove crosslinking agent and pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of serclutamab talirine, the serclutamab moiety targets and binds to EGFR on tumor cell surfaces. Following receptor internalization and lyso… |
SERD SHR9549 |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD SHR9549 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
SERD ZB-716 |
An orally bioavailable selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD) and a structural analog of fulvestrant, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD ZB-716 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
SERD ZN-c5 |
An orally available selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SERD ZN-c5 specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that results in ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Serdemetan |
An orally bioavailable HDM2 antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Serdemetan inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of p53 signaling and thus the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2 (human homolog of double minute 2), a zinc finger protein, is… |
Sergiolide |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Cedronia granatensis and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Seribantumab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB3 (Her3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Seribantumab binds to and inhibits ErbB3 activation, which may result in inhibition of ErbB3-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and so inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation. ErbB3, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is frequently overexpressed in solid tumors, including breast, … |
Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor CBP501 |
A peptide with G2 checkpoint-abrogating activity. G2 checkpoint inhibitor CBP501 inhibits multiple serine/threonine kinases, including MAPKAP-K2, C-Tak1, and CHK1, that phosphorylate serine 216 of the dual-specific phosphatase Cdc25C (cell division checkpoint 25 C); disruption of Cdc25C activity results in the inhibition of Cdc25C dephosphorylation of the mitotic cyclin-dependent kinase complex Cdc2/cyclin B, preventing entry into the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. |
Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418 |
A selective, orally active small molecule, targeting protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), with potential antineoplastic activity. XL418 inhibits the activities of PKB and p70S6K, both acting downstream of phosphoinosotide-3 kinase (PI3K). These kinases are often upregulated in a variety of cancers. Inhibition of PKB by this agent will induce apoptosis, while inhibition of p70S6K will result in the inhibition of translation within tumor cells. |
Serplulimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, serplulimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the… |
Setanaxib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) 1 and 4, with potential anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, setanaxib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of NOX1 and NOX4. This inhibits NOX1- and NOX4- mediated signal transduction pathways, thereby reducing inflammation and fibrosis. By targeting NOX4-overexpressing cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenv… |
SETD2 Inhibitor EZM0414 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the histone methyltransferase (HMT) SETD2 (SET domain containing 2, histone lysine methyltransferase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SETD2 inhibitor EZM0414 binds to SETD2 and inhibits its activity. This prevents several key biological processes that are mediated by SETD2, including the methylation of histones and non-histone proteins, transcriptional regulation, RNA splicing, DNA damage repair and B cell develo… |
Seviteronel |
An orally available non-steroidal, lyase-selective inhibitor of the steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/C17,20 lyase (CYP17A1 or CYP17), with potential anti-androgenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, seviteronel selectively inhibits the enzymatic activity of the cytochrome P450 C17,20 lyase in both the testes and adrenal glands, thereby inhibiting androgen production. This may decrease androgen-dependent growth signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of androgen-depende… |
Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S006 |
A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody that targets human B-cell lymphomas with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared Anti-Id-Ab-S006 binds to antigens on neoplastic B cells, resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (NCI04) |
Shared Anti-Idiotype-AB-S024A |
A murine monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Shared anti-id-Ab-S024A binds to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) on the surface of neoplastic cells resulting in tumor cell destruction by the reticuloendothelial system or cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). |
Shark Cartilage |
A nutritional supplement gleaned from the exoskeleton of the shark. Shark cartilage inhibits metalloproteinases (MMPs) and possesses antiangiogenic and antimetastatic properties. (NCI04) |
Shark Cartilage Extract AE-941 |
A multifunctional antiangiogenic agent derived from shark cartilage with potential antineoplastic activity. Shark cartilage extract AE-941 competitively inhibits the binding of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its cellular receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), stimulates tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and activates caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways in endothelial cells. |
Shenqi Fuzheng Injection SQ001 |
An injectable formulation composed of the two Chinese medicinal herbs Radix astragali, the root of astragalus membranaceus (huangqi) and Radix codonopsis, the root of Codonopsis pilosula (dangshen), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant and chemoprotective activities that may prevent cancer-related fatigue. Although the exact mechanisms by which shenqi fuzheng injection (SFI) have yet to be fully elucidated, the herbs may improve tumor response and/or reduce the toxicity of certain chemother… |
Short Hairpin RNA-IL-6 Gene Silencing Anti-CD19 CAR T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 and containing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), and linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, short hairp… |
Sho-Saiko-To |
A botanical formulation with potential chemopreventive activities. Sho-Saiko-to, an herbal mixture, contains seven herbal extracts whose mechanism of action if not fully understood. There is evidence of antiproliferative effects against hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Other effects of this agent described in animal models include the prevention of liver injury and hepatocyte-regenerating activity. Antitumor effects associated with this herbal product may include induction of apoptosis, cel… |
SHP-1 Agonist SC-43 |
An orally available, small molecule agonist of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6; PTPN6) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHP-1 agonist SC-43 enhances SHP-1 activity by impairing the association between the N-terminal Src homology 2 (N-SH2) domain and the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain of SHP-1, triggering a conformational change of SHP-1 and relieving its autoinhibition. Activa… |
SHP2 Inhibitor BBP-398 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor BBP-398 targets, allosterically binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regul… |
SHP2 Inhibitor ERAS-601 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor ERAS-601 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell surv… |
SHP2 Inhibitor ET0038 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor ET0038 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates … |
SHP2 Inhibitor HBI-2376 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor HBI-2376 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regu… |
SHP2 Inhibitor HS-10381 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor HS-10381 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell surv… |
SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3068 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor JAB-3068 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell surv… |
SHP2 Inhibitor JAB-3312 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor JAB-3312 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulate… |
SHP2 Inhibitor PF-07284892 |
A small molecule inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, SHP2 inhibitor PF-07284892 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, di… |
SHP2 Inhibitor RLY-1971 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor RLY-1971 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell surv… |
SHP2 Inhibitor SH3809 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SHP2 inhibitor SH3809 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regul… |
Shu Yu Wan Formula |
A traditional Chinese medicine comprising different herbs that may be used for a variety of medical purposes. Shu Yu Wan contains the following herbs: Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae), Shu Yu (Radix Dioscoreae Quinquelobae), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis), Shu Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae Praeparata), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shen Qu (Massa Medica Fermentata), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi Cassiae), Da Dou Juan (Semen Glycines Germinatum), E Jiao (Gelatinum Corii Asini), Ren… |
Sialyl Lewis-Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin Conjugate Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of the oligosaccharide antigen sialyl Lewis (CA19-9) conjugated to the nonspecific immunomodulator keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sialyl Lewis-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate vaccine may induce production of IgG and IgM antibodies as well as trigger an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against tumor cells expressing the sialyl Lewis antigen. Sialyl Lewis is a blood group antigen and a tu… |
Sialyl Tn Antigen |
A tumor-associated core-region carbohydrate antigen of epithelial mucin, expressed in most colon carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric, lung, breast, and ovarian carcinoma. Sialosyl-Tn (STn) antigen has been shown to be highly sensitive and a specific marker of colorectal cancer, associated with more aggressive diseases and poor prognosis. STn antigen and its immediate precursor, Tn antigen, are mucin type glycoprotein structures associated with the earliest steps of mucin… |
Sialyl Tn-KLH Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a pancarcinoma carbohydrate antigen conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential antineoplastic activity. Sialylated Tn antigen (sTn) is a monosaccharide glycan usually O-linked to serine or threonine residues of mucins found on most epithelial cancers. Conjugation with KLH, a hapten carrier and an immunostimulant, improves host immune responses. Vaccination with sTn-KLH vaccine may produce antibodies and elicit a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response a… |
Sibrotuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) against human fibroblast activation protein (FAP). FAP is a 95 kDa cell surface glycoprotein and an inducible tumor stromal antigen of epithelial cancers and of a subset of soft tissue sarcomas. FAP shows a very limited distribution pattern in normal tissues, thereby sibrotuzumab has possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications in epithelial cancers. |
siG12D LODER |
A proprietary, miniature biodegradable polymeric matrix containing small-interfering RNAs for the mutated KRAS oncogene, KRASG12D, (siG12D), with potential antitumor activity. Upon intratumoral injection, this siG12D is released locally, thereby preventing translation of KRAS proteins and potentially inhibiting growth of tumor cells overexpressing KRAS. KRAS, a member of the small GTPase superfamily, is mutated in over 90% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and is associated wi… |
SIK3 Inhibitor OMX-0407 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the salt-inducible kinase 3 (SIK3), with potential antineoplastic and chemosensitizing activities. Upon oral administration, SIK3 inhibitor OMX-0407 targets, binds to and blocks the activity of SIK3. This prevents SIK3-mediated signaling, inhibits SIK3-triggered phosphorylation of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) and inhibits the associated transcriptional activity of NF-kB. This inhibits pro-survival signaling mediated by SIK3-HDAC4-nuclear factor kappa B (NF… |
Silatecan AR-67 |
A synthetic, highly lipophilic derivative of camptothecin, with potential antineoplastic and radiosensitizing activities. 7-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin binds to and stabilizes the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complex. This inhibits the religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stranded DNA breaks and produces lethal double-stranded DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and inducing apoptosis. Camptothecin readil… |
Silicon Phthalocyanine 4 |
A synthetic photosensitizer agent containing a large macrocyclic ring chelated with silicon. Silicon phthalocyanine 4 localizes primarily in mitochondrial cytosolic membranes and, after photoexcitation, forms reactive oxygen species that induce apoptosis. |
Silmitasertib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the enzyme casein kinase II (CK2), with potential antineoplastic, anti-viral and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, silmitasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CK2. This may inhibit proliferation of CK2-expressing tumor cells, and may also inhibit the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2). In addition, this may restore normal host cell cytokine regulation, prevent c… |
Silmitasertib Sodium |
The sodium salt form of silmitasertib, an orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of the enzyme casein kinase II (CK2), with potential antineoplastic, anti-viral and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, silmitasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of CK2. This may inhibit proliferation of CK2-expressing tumor cells, and may also inhibit the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2). In addition, this may restore normal h… |
Siltuximab |
A chimeric, human-murine, monoclonal antibody targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), with antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon intravenous administration of siltuximab, this agent targets and binds to IL-6. This inhibits the binding of IL-6 to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), which results in the blockade of the IL-6/IL-6R-mediated signal transduction pathway. This inhibits cancer cell growth in tumors overexpressing IL-6. |
Simalikalactone D |
A quassinoid phytochemical isolated from Simaba multiflora, Quassia africana and other plant species with potential antineoplastic activity. This agent also has antimalarial and antiviral properties. (NCI04) |
Simeprevir |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease complex comprised of non-structural protein 3 and 4A (NS3/NS4A), with activity against HCV genotype 1. Upon administration, simeprevir reversibly binds to the active center and binding site of the HCV NS3/NS4A protease and prevents NS3/NS4A protease-mediated polyprotein maturation. This disrupts both the processing of viral proteins and the formation of the viral replication complex, which inhibits viral replication in H… |
Simlukafusp Alfa |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) linked to an engineered, variant form of interleukin-2 (IL-2v), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of simlukafusp alfa, the monoclonal antibody moiety recognizes and binds to FAP, thereby concentrating IL-2 in FAP-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the IL-2 moiety of this fusion protein may stimulate a local immun… |
Simmitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of numerous tyrosine kinases (TKs) including fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2; KDR), and colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, simmitinib binds to and inhibits the activities of these TKs, thereby preventing both the activation of downstream signaling pathways and the proliferation of tumor c… |
Simotaxel |
A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable, third-generation taxane derivative and microtubule-stabilizing agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, simotaxel binds to tubulin, promotes microtubule assembly and stabilization, and prevents microtubule depolymerization. This results in G2/M arrest, apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. This agent is a poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance mechanisms; therefore, it… |
Simridarlimab |
A recombinant bispecific antibody targeting both the human cell surface antigen CD47 and the immunosuppressive ligand human programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, simridarlimab targets and binds to both CD47 and PD-L1 expressed on tumor cells, with a higher binding affinity to PD-L1 and a lower binding affinity to CD47. The CD47 binding by simri… |
Simtuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Anti-LOXL2 monoclonal antibody GS 6624 targets and specifically binds to the scavenger receptor cysteine rich domain 4 (SRCR-4) on LOXL2, thereby preventing the crosslinking of collagen and inhibiting the recruitment and activation of fibroblasts. Inhibiting fibroblast activation and the subsequent production of growth factors and chemokines may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell pro… |
Simurosertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cell division cycle 7 (cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase; CDC7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, simurosertib binds to and inhibits CDC7; this prevents the initiation of DNA replication during mitosis, which causes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. This inhibits cell growth in CDC7-overexpressing tumor cells. CDC7, a serine/threonine kinase and cell division cycle protein, is overexpressed in a variety of cance… |
Sintilimab |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; PD1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sintilimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore im… |
Siplizumab |
A humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Siplizumab binds to CD2, a specific receptor found in T cells and NK cells, thereby triggering a host immune response that results in lysis of CD2+ cells, selective suppression of the immune system, and control of activated T cell growth. |
Sipuleucel-T |
A cell-based vaccine composed of autologous antigen-presenting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (enriched for a dendritic cell fraction) that have been exposed to a recombinant protein consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fused to prostatic-acid phosphatase (PAP), a protein expressed by prostate cancer cells. Upon administration, the vaccine may stimulate an antitumor T-cell response against tumor cells expressing PAP. (NCI05) |
Siremadlin |
An orally bioavailable human double minute 2 homolog (HDM2) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Siremadlin inhibits the binding of the HDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this HDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited, which may result in the restoration of both p53 signaling and p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDM2, a zinc finger protein and negativ… |
Sirexatamab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the WNT antagonist dickkopf homolog 1 (DKK1), with potential anti-osteolytic activity. Upon administration, sirexatamab binds to and inhibits DKK1, thereby restoring signaling through the WNT pathway, which may result in osteoblast differentiation and activation within the bone matrix and the reversal of tumor-induced osteolytic disease. DKK1, overexpressed by certain cancer cells, is an inhibitor of the WNT signaling pathway and prevents the m… |
siRNA-Expressing SV40 |
A simian virus 40 (SV40)-based shuttle vector, encoding small interfering RNA (siRNA), with potential antineoplastic activity. The expression of siRNA in target tumor cells transfected with an siRNA-expressing SV40 vector may result in siRNA-mediated silencing of target oncogenes and, so, the inhibition of tumor cell growth and the induction of tumor cell death. |
siRNA-transfected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells APN401 |
Autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) transfected ex vivo with small-interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) directed against the E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b gene (Cbl-b), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. The Cbl-b gene is silenced ex vivo through the binding of Cbl-b siRNA to Cbl-b mRNA, which prevents the translation of the Cbl-b protein in T-lymphocytes. Upon infusion, the activated, Cbl-b-silenced T-lymphocytes are able to in… |
Sirolimus Albumin-bound Nanoparticles |
The macrolide antibiotic rapamycin bound to nanoparticle albumin with immunosuppressant (see sirolimus) and potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Rapamycin binds to the immunophilin FK Binding Protein-12 (FKBP-12) to generate a complex that binds to and inhibits the activation of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulatory kinase. In turn, inhibition of mTOR may result in the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI-3) kinase/Akt pathway and vascular endot… |
Sirolimus Topical Gel NPC-12Y |
A topical gel formulation containing the macrolide sirolimus (rapamycin), with potential anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities. Upon topical administration of sirolimus topical gel PTX-022, sirolimus migrates into the basal keratinocytes and is internalized by the affected cells. In turn, sirolimus binds to the immunophilin FK binding protein-12 (FKBP-12) and forms a sirolimus-FKBP-12 complex. This complex binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian… |
Sirolimus Topical Gel PTX-022 |
A topical gel formulation containing the macrolide sirolimus (rapamycin), with potential anti-proliferative and chemopreventive activities. Upon topical administration of sirolimus topical gel PTX-022, sirolimus migrates into the basal keratinocytes and is internalized by the affected cells. In turn, sirolimus binds to the immunophilin FK binding protein-12 (FKBP-12) and forms a sirolimus-FKBP-12 complex. This complex binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine kinase mammalian… |
SIRPa-4-1BBL Fusion Protein DSP107 |
A bi-functional, trimeric, fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains (ECDs) of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) fused to a 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-4-1BBL fusion protein DSP107 selectively targets and binds to both CD47 expressed on tumor cells and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9) expr… |
SIRPa-Fc-CD40L Fusion Protein SL-172154 |
A bi-functional fusion protein consisting of the extracellular domains (ECDs) of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha; SIRPa; CD172a) and CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154; TRAP; TNFSF5) linked via a human Fc domain, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the SIRPa-Fc-CD40L fusion protein SL-172154 selectively targets and binds to both CD47 expressed on tumor cells and CD40, a cell surface receptor that belongs to the tumor necrosis… |
SIRP-alpha-Fc Fusion Protein HCB101 |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of an extracellular domain of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRP-alpha; SIRPa; CD172a) linked to an Fc domain derived from human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, SIRP-alpha-Fc fusion protein HCB101 selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, an inhibitory prote… |
Sirpiglenastat |
A broad acting glutamine antagonist, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, DON (6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine), the active moiety of sirpiglenastat, irreversibly inhibits multiple enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells, glutamine-dependent tumors rely heavily on the intracellular conversion of exo… |
Sirtratumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of sirtratumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against SLIT and NTRK-like protein 6 (SLITRK6), covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of sirtratumab vedotin binds to SLITRK6 expressed on tumor cells, which facilitates both the internaliza… |
Site Specific Immunomodulator QBECO |
A formulation composed of components of the inactivated bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli), with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, site specific immunomodulator (SSI) QBECO stimulates the innate immune system by recruiting and activating M1 macrophages. This may restore the unhealthy and altered gut microbiome, restore the function in the gastrointestinal (GI) tact, restore the immune system and rebuild normal barrier function. In addition, by enhancing a… |
Sitimagene Ceradenovec |
A replication-deficient adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) with E1 and partial E3 deletions containing cDNA for the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-Tk), which, when administered in combination with ganciclovir (GCV), possesses potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, transgene-expressing cells produce thymidine kinase, which phosphorylates GCV to ganciclovir triphosphate, a cytotoxic nucleotide analog that is incorporated into DNA resulting in chain termination and inducti… |
Sitravatinib |
An orally bioavailable, receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sitravatinib binds to and inhibits the activity of several RTKs including hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met; MET), tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase; AXL), mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (SCFR; c-kit; KIT), the receptor tyrosine kinase MER, discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2), vascular endothelial growth factor recept… |
Sivifene |
The phenylhydrazone 4,4’-dihydroxybenzophenone-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone formulated as a topical agent with immunomodulating and potential antineoplastic activities. Applied topically as a gel, sivifene may stimulate a local immune response against human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). |
Sizofiran |
A soluble beta-D-glucan produced by the Basidiomycetes fungus, Schizophyllum commune Fries, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Although sizofiran’s exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to stimulate the immune system by increasing cytokine production, activating macrophages and enhancing the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) and natural killer (NK) cells. |
SLFN12-PDE3A Complex Inducer BAY 2666605 |
An orally bioavailable agent that triggers the formation of a complex of the two proteins Schlafen family member 12 (SLFN12) and phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SLFN12-PDE3A complex inducer BAY2666605 triggers the formation of the SLFN12-PDE3A complex. This stabilizes SLFN12 and alters the expression of a set of genes that regulate cell survival, death, and proliferation. This suppresses cell cycle progression and induces apoptos… |
Smac Mimetic BGB-24714 |
An orally bioavailable mimetic of the natural second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac), with potential apoptotic-inducing, chemo-radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Smac mimetic BGB-24714 targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and the cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This inhibits the activities of these IAPs an… |
SMAC Mimetic BI 891065 |
A mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Smac mimetic BI 891065 targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are … |
Smac Mimetic GDC-0152 |
A second mitochondrial activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0152 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2, which may inhibit their activities and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs are overexpressed by many cancer cell types and suppress apopt… |
Smac Mimetic GDC-0917 |
An orally available, monovalent mimetic of second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) and inhibitor of IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins) with potential antineoplastic activity. Smac mimetic GDC-0917 binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and the cellular IAPs 1 and 2. This inhibits the activities of these IAPs and promotes the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways. IAPs a… |
Smac Mimetic LCL161 |
An orally bioavailable second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (SMAC) mimetic and inhibitor of IAP (Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. SMAC mimetic LCL161 binds to IAPs, such as X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP) and cellular IAPs 1 and 2. Since IAPs shield cancer cells from the apoptosis process, this agent may restore and promote the induction of apoptosis through apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells. IAPs are overexpre… |
SMARCA2 Degrader PRT3789 |
A targeted protein degrader (TPD) of SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 2 (SMARCA2; BRM), with potential antineoplastic activity. PRT3789 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety conjugated, via a chemical linker, to a SMARCA2-binding moiety. Upon administration of SMARCA2 degrader PRT3789, the SMARCA2-binding moiety specifically targets and binds to SMARCA2 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety targets and binds to th… |
SMARCA2 Degrader PRT7732 |
An orally bioavailable targeted protein degrader (TPD) of SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 2 (SMARCA2; BRM), with potential antineoplastic activity. PRT7732 is comprised of an E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moiety conjugated, via a chemical linker, to a SMARCA2-binding moiety. Upon oral administration of SMARCA2 degrader PRT7732, the SMARCA2-binding moiety specifically targets and binds to SMARCA2 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase-binding moie… |
SMARCA2 Inhibitor LY4050784 |
An orally bioavailable allosteric inhibitor of SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 2 (SMARCA2; BRM), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SMARCA2 inhibitor LY4050784 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SMARCA2. This may lead to the inhibition of the SWI/SNF (BRG1/BRM-associated factor; BAF) chromatin remodeling complex, disrupt chromatin remodeling and gene expression, and result in the downregulat… |
SMO Protein Inhibitor ZSP1602 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO…. |
Smoothened Antagonist BMS-833923 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule SMO (Smoothened) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SMO inhibitor BMS-833923 inhibits the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway protein SMO, which may result in a suppression of the SHH signaling pathway. SMO is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream of the SHH ligand cell surface receptor Patched-1 in the SHH pathway; in the absence of ligand Patched-1 inhibits SMO and ligand binding to Patched-1 results in increased levels of SMO…. |
Smoothened Antagonist IPI-609 |
A semi-synthetic cyclopamine analogue and an inhibitor of SMO and the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, smoothened antagonist IPI-609 targets, binds to and inhibits the cell membrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor SMO, which may result in the suppression of Hh pathway signaling and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and survival. SMO is activated upon binding of Hh ligand to the cell surface receptor Patched (PTCH); inappropriate acti… |
Smoothened Antagonist LEQ506 |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smoothened antagonist LEQ506 selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting tumor cell growth. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Dysregulated activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, … |
Smoothened Antagonist TAK-441 |
An orally bioavailable pyrrolopyridine derivative and Smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Smo antagonist TAK-441 selectively binds to and inhibits the activity Smo, which is a cell surface co-receptor for ligands in the Hedgehog (Hh) family. This may result in a suppression of Hh-mediated signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells in which this pathway is aberrantly activated. Smo is a G-protein coupled receptor that lies just downstream … |
SN-38-Loaded Polymeric Micelles NK012 |
A formulation consisting of polymeric micelles loaded with the irinotecan metabolite SN-38 with potential antineoplastic activity. SN-38-loaded polymeric micelles NK012 is an SN-38-releasing nanodevice constructed by covalently attaching SN-38 to the block copolymer PEG-PGlu, followed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in an aqueous milieu. SN-38 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), a biological active metabolite of the prodrug irinotecan (CPT-11), binds to and inhibits topoisomer… |
SNS01-T Nanoparticles |
A colloidal mixture of nanoparticles consisting of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the native eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A), plasmids expressing a pro-apoptotic mutant of elF5A under the control of a B-cell specific promoter (B29), and a synthetic cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) as a delivery vehicle, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the siRNA component of SNS01-T suppresses elF5A expression, thereby interfering with translatio… |
Sobuzoxane |
The orally available active prodrug of ICRF-154, a bisdioxopiperazine derivative, with cardioprotective and antineoplastic activities. Like other ICRF compounds, sobuzoxane and its active metabolite ICRF-154 interfere with topoisomerase II activity prior to the formation of intermediate cleavable DNA-enzyme complexes during the catalytic cycle resulting in tumor cell growth inhibition. Furthermore, sobuzoxane chelates metal cations thereby limiting the formation of free radical-generating ant… |
Socazolimab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, socazolimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 … |
Sodium Borocaptate |
A boron-carrying compound. After parenteral administration, sodium borocaptate accumulates preferentially in tumor cells. When exposed to neutron irradiation, borocaptate absorbs neutrons and self-destructs releasing short-range alpha radiation and ‘recoil’ lithium in tumor cells, resulting in alpha radiation-induced tumor cell death. This highly selective, localized radiotargeting of tumor cells, known as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), spares adjacent normal tissues. (NCI04) |
Sodium Butyrate |
The sodium salt of butyrate with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, competitively binds to the zinc sites of class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs). This binding affects hyperacetylation of histones, resulting in a modified DNA conformation, which subsequently leads to the uncoiling or relaxing of chromatin. Enhanced accessibility of chromatin to transcription-regulatory complexes leads to increased transcriptional activation of various epigenetically … |
Sodium Dichloroacetate |
The sodium salt of dichloroacetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Dichloroacetate ion inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, resulting in the inhibition of glycolysis and a decrease in lactate production. This agent may stimulate apoptosis in cancer cells by restoring normal mitochondrial-induced apoptotic signaling. |
Sodium Iodide I-131 |
A radiopharmaceutical containing the beta- and gamma-emitting radioisotope I-131. After absorption, the iodide is distributed through the extracellular fluid of the body and accumulates in the thyroid gland, thereby allowing the imaging of the thyroid. |
Sodium Metaarsenite |
A highly soluble, orally available trivalent arsenic-containing telomerase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Although the exact mechanism through which sodium metaarsenite exerts its effect has yet to be fully elucidated, this agent appears to target and bind to telomeric sequences, specifically TTAGGG repeats, leading to a shortening of telomeres, and subsequent induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell growth. In addition, sodium metaarsenite also leads to the transloca… |
Sodium Pentaborate Pentahydrate |
The pentahydrate sodium salt form of the naturally occurring mineral and element boron, with potential radioprotective, cryoprotective, antioxidant, apoptotic, wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sodium pentaborate appears to exert various anticancer and protective activities via multiple mechanisms of actions (MoAs) even though the exact MoAs have yet to be fully elucidated. Sodium pentaborate causes gene expression alterations of multiple ess… |
Sodium Phenylbutyrate |
The sodium salt of phenylbutyrate, a derivative of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Phenylbutyrate reversibly inhibits class I and II histone deacetylases (HDACs), which may result in a global increase in gene expression, decreased cellular proliferation, increased cell differentiation, and the induction of apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. |
Sodium Salicylate |
The sodium salt of salicylic acid. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), sodium salicylate irreversibly acetylates cyclooxygenases I and II, thereby inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and associated inflammation and pain. This agent may also activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. (NCI04) |
Sodium Selenite |
An inorganic form of the trace element selenium with potential antineoplastic activity. Selenium, administered in the form of sodium selenite, is reduced to hydrogen selenide (H2Se) in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and subsequently generates superoxide radicals upon reaction with oxygen. This may inhibit the expression and activity of the transcription factor Sp1; in turn Sp1 down-regulates androgen receptor (AR) expression and blocks AR signaling. Eventually, selenium may induce apoptosi… |
Sodium Stibogluconate |
Pentavalent antimony (Sb) in differential complex formation with gluconic acid with leishmanicidal and potential antineoplastic activities. The Sb moiety of sodium stibogluconate (SSG) may inhibit protein tyrosine phosphorylases (PTPases) by covalently modifying sulfhydryl groups in PTPase cysteine residues, resulting in specific inactivation of SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatases-1 and -2 (SHP-1 and SHP-2), PTPases which negatively regulate interferon (IFN) signaling; enhancement of … |
Sodium-Potassium Adenosine Triphosphatase Inhibitor RX108 |
A small-molecule, inhibitor of sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, RX108 inhibits the activity of the Na+/K+-ATPase, which prevents the activation of various signal transduction pathways that play a key role in tumor proliferation. This may lead to cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death. Na+/K+-ATPase is overexpressed in certain tumor types and may serve as a scaffold for the assembly of multip… |
Sofituzumab Vedotin |
An antibody drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the MUC16 protein (CA-125) conjugated to, via a cleavable linker, the antimicrotubulin agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody moiety of sofituzumab vedotin selectively binds to MUC16. After internalization of the drug conjugate and proteolytic cleavage of the linker, MMAE binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in … |
Solitomab |
A recombinant bispecific monoclonal antibody directed against both CD3 and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Solitomab attaches to both CD3-expressing T lymphocytes and EpCAM-expressing tumor cells, thereby selectively cross-linking tumor and T lymphocytes; this may result in the recruitment of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to T lymphocyte/tumor cell aggregates and the CTL-mediated death of EpCAM-expressing tumor cells. CD… |
Solnerstotug |
A conditionally active, pH-sensitive human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immune checkpoint regulatory protein V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA; programmed death 1 homolog; PD1H; PD-1H), with potential negative immune checkpoint regulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, solnerstotug selectively targets, binds to and blocks the VISTA checkpoint within a low, acidic pH tumor microenvironment (TME). This prevents th… |
Sonepcizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sonepcizumab binds S1P, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. S1P is the extracellular ligand for the G protein-coupled lysophospholipid receptor EDG-1 (endothelial differentiation gene-1). |
Sonesitatug Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of sonesitatug, a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sonesitatug vedotin specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE … |
Sonidegib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule smoothened (Smo) antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonidegib selectively binds to the hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropriate activation of Hh pathway signaling and uncontro… |
Sonolisib |
A small-molecule wortmannin analogue inhibitor of the alpha, gamma, and delta isoforms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. Sonolisib inhibits the production of the secondary messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) and activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated w… |
Sonrotoclax |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, sonrotoclax specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of the pro-survival protein Bcl-2. This restores apoptotic processes and inhibits cell proliferation in Bcl-2-overexpressing tumor cells. Bcl-2, a protein that belongs to the Bcl-2 family, is overexpressed in various tumor cell types and plays an important role… |
Sontuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor associated antigen (TAA) mucin-1 (MUC1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, sontuzumab targets and binds to MUC1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells, which may activate the immune system to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a glycoprotein overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells, plays a key role in tumor cell survival and… |
Soquelitinib |
An orally available, small-molecule, irreversible inhibitor of interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, soquelitinib selectively and covalently binds to the cysteine residue at position 442 (CYS-442) of ITK, thereby disrupting ITK-mediated signal transduction, while sparing tyrosine-protein kinase TXK (resting lymphocyte kinase, RLK) activity. This may abrogate T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling through I… |
Sorafenib |
A synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis. |
Sorafenib Tosylate |
The tosylate salt of sorafenib, a synthetic compound targeting growth signaling and angiogenesis. Sorafenib blocks the enzyme RAF kinase, a critical component of the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway that controls cell division and proliferation; in addition, sorafenib inhibits the VEGFR-2/PDGFR-beta signaling cascade, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis. |
Sorghum bicolor Supplement |
An herbal-based nutritional supplement containing the leaf sheaths of the plant Sorghum bicolor, with potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, chemopreventive and immunomodulating activities. Sorghum bicolor supplement contains various phytochemicals, including phenolic acids and polyphenols such as proanthocyanidins. Sorghum bicolor supplement is particularly rich in 3-deoxyanthocyanins, such as luteolinidin and apigeninidin, and appears to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation in… |
SOS1 Inhibitor KQB198 |
An orally available inhibitor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SOS1 inhibitor KQB198 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound ‘off’ state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. This abrogates the exchange of RAS-bound GDP for guanosine tripho… |
SOS1 Inhibitor MRTX0902 |
An orally available, brain-penetrant, phthalazine-based inhibitor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SOS1 inhibitor MRTX0902 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound ‘off’ state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. This abrogates the exchange… |
SOS1 Inhibitor ZG2001 Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of ZG2001, an orally available inhibitor of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ZG2001 selectively targets and binds to SOS1, thereby preventing the interaction of SOS1 with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound ‘off’ state, which is the inactivated state of KRAS. This abrogates the exchange of RAS-bound GDP f… |
Sotevtamab |
A humanized, immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody against the secreted form of human clusterin (sCLU) expressed by tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic and anti-metastatic activities. Upon administration, sotevtamab specifically binds to tumor-associated sCLU and inhibits its activity. This inhibits both the sCLU-mediated signal transduction pathways and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which leads to the inhibition of tumor cell migration and invasion. In addition, sot… |
Sotiburafusp Alfa |
A recombinant, humanized fusion protein composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274) fused to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1/FLT-1), with potential anti-angiogenesis, immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of sotiburafusp alfa, the anti-PD-L1 antibody moiety specifically targets and binds to PD-L1 expressing cells i… |
Sotigalimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody agonist of the cell surface receptor CD40, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Similar to the endogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L or CD154), sotigalimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types. This triggers the cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and activates B-cells, and effector and memory T-cells. This results in an enhanced immune response against tumor cells. Sotigalimab also binds to an… |
Sotorasib |
An orally available inhibitor of the specific KRAS mutation, p.G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sotorasib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the KRAS p.G12C mutant. This may inhibit growth in KRAS p.G12C-expressing tumor cells. The KRAS p.G12C mutation is seen in some tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. |
Sotrastaurin |
An orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and tumo… |
Sotrastaurin Acetate |
The acetate salt form of sotrastaurin, an orally available pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor with potential immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities. Sotrastaurin inhibits both T- and B-cell activations via PKC theta and beta isozymes, respectively. Both PKCs are important in the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Inhibition of PKC beta in B-cells results in prevention of NF-kB-mediated signaling and down regulation of NF-kB target genes. This may eventually lead to an ind… |
Sotuletinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R inhibitor BLZ945 selectively binds to CSF1R expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), blocks the activity of CSF1R, and inhibits CSF1R-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the activity and proliferation of TAMs, and reprograms the immunosuppressive nature of existing TAMs. Altogether, this reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression in the… |
Sotuletinib Dihydrochloride |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R; CSF1R), with potential antineoplastic activity. CSF1R inhibitor BLZ945 selectively binds to CSF1R expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), blocks the activity of CSF1R, and inhibits CSF1R-mediated signal transduction pathways. This inhibits the activity and proliferation of TAMs, and reprograms the immunosuppressive nature of existing TAMs. Altogether, this reduces TAM-mediated immune suppression in the… |
Sovilnesib |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule inhibitor of the human kinesin-like protein KIF18A, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sovilnesib selectively inhibits the activity of KIF18A. This may result in multipolar cell division and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. KIF18A, a mitotic kinesin-8 motor protein, plays an important role in the regulation of chromosome positioning during cell division and is overexpressed in certain cancers. Certain cancer cells with chr… |
Sovipostobart |
A probody composed of ipilimumab, a recombinant human immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), linked to a proprietary masking peptide that covers the active antigen-binding site of the antibody through a protease-cleavable linker, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of sovipostobart, the masking peptide is cleaved by tumor-associ… |
Sovleplenib |
An orally available inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of sovleplenib, this agent binds to and inhibits the activity of Syk. This inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, which leads to the inhibition of B-cell activation, and prevents tumor cell activation, migration, adhesion and proliferation. Syk, a non-receptor cytoplasmic, BCR-associated tyrosine kinase, is expressed in hematopoietic tissues… |
Soy Isoflavones |
A dietary supplement isolated from soybeans containing phytoestrogen isoflavones. Although the mechanism of action is unclear, soy isoflavones mimic estrogen action mediated through estrogen receptors. In addition, this agent also modulates estrogen metabolism. As a result, soy isoflavones have been shown to reduce tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis, as well as to be able to regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast cancer, heart disease, and osteoporosis. |
Soy Protein Isolate |
A dietary protein isolated from soybeans that contains isoflavone phytoestrogens. Soy protein isolate has been shown to reduce tumor incidence and growth in some animal studies, possibly by modulating estrogen metabolism, reducing tumor cell proliferation, and inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Soy protein isolate may also inhibit endothelial cell proliferation. Isoflavone phytoestrogens display mild estrogen-like activities which may regulate hormone balance and reduce the risks of breast can… |
Sparfosate Sodium |
The disodium salt form of N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), a pyrimidine antimetabolite with antineoplastic activity. PALA inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil is incorporated into RNA. (NCI04) |
Sparfosic Acid |
A stable transition state analogue for an aspartate transcarbamylase-catalyzed reaction with antineoplastic activity. Sparfosic acid is a stable transition analogue of the activated complex for the reaction catalyzed by aspartate transcarbamylase, the first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. This agent inhibits de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and increases the extent to which fluorouracil metabolites are incorporated into RNA. |
Spartalizumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1, PCD-1), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, spartalizumab binds to PD-1 expressed on activated T-cells and blocks the interaction with its ligands, programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1, PD-1L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2, PD-1L2). The inhibition of ligand binding prevents PD-1-mediated signaling and results in b… |
Spebrutinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, spebrutinib targets and covalently binds to BTK, thereby preventing its activity. By irreversibly inhibiting BTK, administration of this agent may lead to an inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and may inhibit cell proliferation of B-cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases,… |
Spevatamig |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of spevatamig, the anti-CLDN18.2 moiety selectively targets and binds to the TAA CLDN18.2 on CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells. T… |
Spherical Nucleic Acid Nanoparticle NU-0129 |
A spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle formulation composed of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the Bcl-2-like protein 12 (BCL2L12) sequence and conjugated to gold nanoparticles, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of SNA NU-0129, the siRNA prevents the translation of the BCL2L12 gene. Inhibiting the expression of BCL2L12 by NU-0129 induces tumor cell apoptosis. Bcl2L12, a protein belonging to the Bcl-2 protein family, is overexpressed in glioblastom… |
Spirogermanium |
A synthetic organometallic compound containing the element germanium with possible antineoplastic activity. Spirogermanium exhibits significant toxicity, particularly neurotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Spiromustine |
A bifunctional nitrogen alkylating agent with antineoplastic activity and lipophilic properties. Containing a lipophilic hydantoin group that serves as a carrier to cross the blood brain barrier, spiromustine forms covalent linkages with nucleophilic centers in DNA, causing depurination, base-pair miscoding, strand scission, and DNA-DNA cross-linking, which may result in cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Spiroplatin |
A synthetic derivative of cyclohexane sulfatoplatinum with antineoplastic properties. Spiroplatin induces DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. Similar to other platinum compounds, this agent has been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. (NCI04) |
Splicing Inhibitor H3B-8800 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the splicing factor 3B subunit 1 (SF3B1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, H3B-8800 binds to and blocks the activity of SF3B1, a core spliceosome protein that is mutated in various cancer cells. This modulates RNA splicing by preventing aberrant mRNA splicing by the spliceosome, blocks RNA mis-splicing, enhances proper RNA splicing and prevents the expression of certain tumor-associated genes. This leads to an induction of apopto… |
Spongistatin |
A highly cytotoxic macrocyclic lactone polyether with antitumor activity. Spongistatin, originally isolated from marine Spongia species, binds to the vinca domain of tubulin, thereby interferes with microtubule assembly and results in inhibition of mitosis. This agent does not affect the binding of colchicine to tubulin, but it was a potent inhibitor of the binding of vinblastine and GTP to tubulin. |
Squalamine Lactate |
The lactate salt form of squalamine, an aminosterol isolated from tissues of the dogfish shark Squalus acanthias. Possessing anti-angiogenic properties, squalamine inhibits the sodium-hydrogen exchanger NHE3, resulting in suppression of endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. (NCI04) |
Squeezed Red Blood Cells Expressing HPV16 Epitopes SQZ-AAC-HPV |
A cell therapy agent composed of autologous red blood cells (RBCs) engineered to act as artificial antigen carriers (AACs) and expressing tumor-specific antigens (TAAs), human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 epitopes, and containing a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist as an activating adjuvant, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Using cell squeeze technology, the RBCs are squeezed (SQZ) and loaded with TAAs and an adjuvant to generate SQZ AACs that appear similar to ag… |
SR-BP1/HSI Inhibitor SR31747A |
A synthetic peripheral sigma receptor ligand with immunomodulatory and potential antitumor activities. Although the exact mechanism by which SR31747A exerts its antitumor effects has not been fully established, SR31747A binds to and inhibits the sigma1 receptor (SR31747A-binding protein-1 or SR-BP1), human sterol isomerase (HSI), also known as emopamil-binding protein (EBP), and the sigma2 receptor, which may result in a reduction in tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell apoptosis. In addit… |
Src Kinase Inhibitor AP 23846 |
A novel small molecule Src family kinase inhibitor with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor AP23846 selectively binds to and stabilizes an inactive ATP-binding site conformation leading to reduced Src kinase activity. This may reduce the production of pro-angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-8. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, sur… |
Src Kinase Inhibitor M475271 |
An inhibitor of Src tyrosine kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Src kinase inhibitor M-475271 targets and binds to Src kinase. This inhibits Src-mediated signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an important role in tumor cell proliferation, motility, invasiveness and survival. |
Src/Abl Kinase Inhibitor AZD0424 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets both Abl and Src kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, AZD0424 selectively inhibits both Src and Abl kinase activity which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth in susceptible tumor cells. Src and Abl kinases are upregulated in certain tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. |
Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX2-361 |
A lipophilic, orally available inhibitor of both Src kinase activity and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,Src/tubulin Inhibitor KX2-361 binds to and inhibits the activity of Src kinase. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of Src kinase-expressing tumor cells. KX02 also binds to tubulin heterodimers and inhibits microtubule polymerization, thereby disrupting microtubule formation, mitosis, and further proliferati… |
SRC/YES1 Kinase Inhibitor NXP900 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of SRC family of kinases (SFK), including SRC and YES1, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SRC/YES1 kinase inhibitor NXP900 targets, binds to, and locks SRC and YES1 into their native closed conformation, thereby inhibiting both their kinase activity and their association with protein signaling partners. This inhibits the oncogenic signaling pathways mediated by these kinases and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing th… |
SR-T100 Gel |
A cutaneous gel preparation containing an extract from Solanum incanum with potential antineoplastic activity. SR-T100 gel contains high amounts of the steroidal alkaloid glycoside solamargine. Solamargine is able to upregulate expression of tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 (TNFR1) and 6 (TNFRSF6 or Fas), and their signaling adaptors TNFR1-associated death domain, and Fas-associated death domain. In addition, this agent is able to upregulate expression of apoptosis promoter Bax, and suppress… |
SS1(dsFv)-PE38 Immunotoxin |
A recombinant immunotoxin consisting of the single chain anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody SS1(dsFv) linked to Pseudomonas exotoxin PE-38. The monoclonal antibody moiety of the agent binds to cells that express mesothelin, a cell surface glycoprotein which may be overexpressed in ovarian cancer, mesotheliomas, and some squamous cell carcinomas; after internalization, the exotoxin moiety inactivates eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2, thereby disrupting tumor cell protein synthesis. … |
ssRNA-based Immunomodulator CV8102 |
A 547 nucleotide (nt), noncoding, uncapped single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) containing several polyU-repeats complexed with a polymeric carrier formed by disulfide-crosslinked cationic peptides, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon intratumoral injection, the ssRNA in CV8102 activates toll-like receptors (TLRs) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG I; RIG-I; DDX58). This stimulates a T-helper type 1 cell (Th1) response, the production of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and che… |
St. John’s Wort |
An herbal extract prepared from the plant Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) with photodynamic, antineoplastic, and antidepressant activities. Hypericin, one of the active compounds found in Hypericum perforatum, is a photosensitizer that, when exposed to a particular wavelength and intensity of light, may induce tumor cell apoptosis. Another compound, hyperforin, induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in certain tumor cell lines. Hypericum perforatum preparations may also stimulate the acti… |
Stallimycin |
An oligopeptide antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces distallicus. Distamycin preferentially binds to adenine-thymine (A-T) rich sequences in the minor groove of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA transcription. In addition to antitumor effects, distamycin also possesses antiviral and antiprotozoal activities and is used as a chromosome dye. (NCI04) |
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A |
A bacterial enterotoxin with potential immunostimulatory activity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), a gram positive bacterial superantigen (SAg), is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEA superantigen binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and to the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEA, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines, and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic ac… |
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B |
A bacterial enterotoxin with potential immunostimulatory activity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a gram positive superantigen produced by Staphylococcus aureus, is a potent stimulator of T-cell activation. SEB binds directly to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and the V beta region of the T-cell receptor (TCR), leading to an amplified T-cell response. In response to SEB, both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate, secrete cytokines and demonstrate enhanced cytotoxic a… |
Stapuldencel-T |
A dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) activated with a prostate tumor cell lysate containing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, stapuldencel-T may stimulate an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing prostate tumor cell-specific antigens, which may result in prostate tumor cell lysis. |
STAT Inhibitor OPB-111077 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of one or more signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein(s), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, OPB-111077 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of STATs. This prevents binding of STATs to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT-responsive gene promoters, which may result in the inhibition of both STAT-mediated transcription and tumor cell proliferation. STATs are constitutively activated in a variety of canc… |
STAT3 Decoy Oligonucleotide |
A double-stranded 15-mer oligonucleotide, corresponding closely to the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) response element within the c-fos promoter, with potential antineoplastic activity. STAT3 decoy oligonucleotide binds specifically to activated STAT3 and blocks binding of STAT3 to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT3-responsive promoters, which results in the inhibition of STAT3-mediated transcription and, potentially, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. ST… |
STAT3 Degrader KT-333 |
A heterobifunctional small molecule degrader of the protein signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) composed of a STAT3-binding moiety and a E3 ligase-binding moiety, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the STAT3 degrader KT-333 specifically targets and binds to STAT3, thereby targeting STAT3 for degradation. Upon binding, endogenous E3 ubiquitin ligase is then recruited to STAT3 by the E3 ligase recognition moiety of KT-333, resulting in the taggin… |
STAT3 Dual Phosphorylation Site Inhibitor YY201 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, STAT3 dual phosphorylation site inhibitor YY201 targets, binds to and inhibits Tyr705 and Ser727 double-site phosphorylation of STAT3, thereby inhibiting the function of STAT3. This prevents STAT3 binding to responsive gene promoters, STAT3-mediated signaling and the expression of STAT3 target genes. This inhibits the proliferation o… |
STAT3 Inhibitor C-188-9 |
An orally bioavailable, binaphthol-sulfonamide-based inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, the STAT3 inhibitor C-188-9 specifically targets and binds to the phosphotyrosyl peptide binding site within the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of STAT3. This inhibits the Janus kinase (JAK)-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of STAT3. This impedes nuclear translocation of STAT3, prevents STAT… |
STAT3 Inhibitor DSP-0337 |
An orally administered prodrug of napabucasin, a small molecule cancer stemness inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, DSP-0337 is converted to its active form, napabucasin. Napabucasin targets and inhibits signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby preventing STAT-3-mediated signaling. The STAT3 pathway is overly active in many cancer types and is implicated in cancer stem cell-mediated growth, recurrence and resistance to conventional… |
STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-31121 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. OPB-31121 inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3, which prevents binding of STAT3 to DNA sequences on a variety of STAT3-responsive promoters and may result in the inhibition of STAT3-mediated transcription and, potentially, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. STAT3 is constitutively activated in a variety of cancers, contributing to the loss of cell g… |
STAT3 Inhibitor OPB-51602 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. STAT3 inhibitor OPB-51602 inhibits the phosphorylation and thus the activation of STAT3 protein, impeding STAT3 protein from translocating from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and thereby blocking STAT3’s regulation of gene expression through direct binding to the promoters of responsive genes. STAT3 regulates the cellular functions that lead to the cancer pheno… |
STAT3 Inhibitor VVD-130850 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, STAT3 inhibitor VVD-130850 targets and binds to an allosteric pocket of STAT3. This prevents STAT3 binding to responsive gene promoters, STAT3-mediated signaling and the expression of STAT3 target genes, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of STAT3-overexpressing tumor cells. STAT3 regulates the transcription of genes… |
STAT3 Inhibitor WP1066 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of signaling transducer and activator 3 (STAT3), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon administration, STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 blocks the intranuclear translocation of p-STAT, thereby suppressing STAT3 signaling and decreasing the levels of downstream products including c-Myc. Additionally, WP1066 may upregulate costimulatory molecules including CD80 and CD86 on human microglia, and reverse glioma cancer stem cell (… |
Staurosporine |
A cell permeable alkaloid isolated from Streptomyces staurosporeus exhibiting anti-cancer activity. Staurosporine is a potent, non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases, including protein kinase C. This agent induces apoptosis by an undetermined mechanism. (NCI) |
Sterile Distilled Water |
A preparation of sterile, distilled, nonpyrogenic water that can, among other applications, be used for sterile irrigation, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical irrigation with sterile distilled water, the water could kill bladder cancer cells through osmotic lysis. |
STING Agonist BI 1387446 |
An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist BI 1387446 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by anti… |
STING Agonist BI 1703880 |
A small molecule second-generation agonist of the intracellular innate immune adaptor stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist BI 1703880 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cro… |
STING Agonist BMS-986301 |
An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist BMS-986301 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cyto… |
STING Agonist CRD3874 |
An allosteric agonist of all isoforms of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist CRD3874 targets and allosterically binds to STING, thereby activating the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-as… |
STING Agonist GSK3745417 |
An agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist GSK3745417 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) by d… |
STING Agonist IMSA101 |
A small molecule analogue of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) that acts as an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173) with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist IMSA101 binds to STING and activates STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells which induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, p… |
STING Agonist KL340399 |
An agonist of the intracellular innate immune adaptor stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, STING agonist KL340399 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor-associate… |
STING Agonist MK-2118 |
An agonist of the intracellular innate immune adaptor stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist MK-2118 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tum… |
STING Agonist PF-07820435 |
An orally bioavailable agonist of the intracellular innate immune adaptor stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, STING agonist PF-07820435 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-pre… |
STING Agonist SB 11285 |
An agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist SB 11285 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflamm… |
STING Agonist SNX281 |
An agonist of the intracellular innate immune adaptor stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, STING agonist SNX281 targets and binds to STING and activates the STING pathway in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferons (IFNs), enhances the cross-presentation of tumor… |
STING Agonist-containing PTGFRN-expressing Exosomes CDK002 |
Exosomes containing an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173) and expressing high levels of the exosome surface glycoprotein prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator (PTGFRN; CD315), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING agonist-containing PTGFRN-expressing exosomes CDK002 preferentially targets and binds to STING on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically mono… |
STING-activating Cyclic Dinucleotide Agonist MIW815 |
A synthetic, cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, the STING agonist MIW815 binds to STING and stimulates STING-mediated pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), which induces the expression of cytokines and chemokines, and lead… |
STING-dependent Activators-loaded Autologous Leukemic Cells |
A preparation of autologous ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated leukemic cells loaded with STING-dependent activators (STAVs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of STAVs-loaded autologous leukemic cells, the STAVs activates STING-mediated signaling pathways. This activates the immune response through the activation of certain immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), which induces the expression of cytokines and chemokines, and leads t… |
STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 |
A non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria that has been engineered to express stimulator of interferon genes (STING; transmembrane protein 173; TMEM173) protein, with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral administration, STING-expressing E. coli SYNB1891 are engulfed by antigen presenting cells (APCs) within the tumor. STING-mediated pathways within the APCs are then activated resulting in a type I interferon (IFN) response which prom… |
Strawberry-Blackberry-Black Raspberry-Blueberry Mixture |
A dietary supplement consisting of a mixture of strawberries, blackberries, black raspberries and blueberries with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact mechanism of action through which berries may exert their anti-tumor effect has yet to be elucidated, in vivo studies suggest that the ingestion of a mixture of berries seems to result in a reduction in tumor growth and tumor development. As berries are rich in phytonutrients, such as anthocyanins, flavonols, ellagitannins, ga… |
Streptonigrin |
An aminoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces flocculus. Streptonigrin complexes with DNA and topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA cleavage and inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis. This agent also acts as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor and causes free radical-mediated cellular damage. (NCI04) |
Streptozocin |
A methylnitrosourea antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes. Streptozocin alkylates DNA, forming inter-strand DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its glucose moiety, this agent is readily taken up by pancreatic beta cells, inducing diabetes mellitus at high concentrations. Unlike other nitrosoureas, streptozocin causes little myelosuppression. (NCI04) |
Strontium Chloride Sr-89 |
The chloride salt of a radioactive isotope of strontium. Strontium chloride Sr 89 is taken up and incorporated preferentially in metastatic lesions in bone where it emits cytotoxic beta radiation, resulting in an inhibition and/or reduction of tumor growth and so tumor-related bone pain. (NCI04) |
Subasumstat |
A small molecule inhibitor of sumoylation, with potential immune-activating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, subasumstat targets and covalently binds to the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO; small ubiquitin-related modifier) protein, forming an adduct with SUMO protein (subasumstat-SUMO adduct). This prevents the transfer of SUMO from the SUMO-activating enzyme (SAE) to SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9. This prevents SUMO conjugation to lysine residues on target … |
Submicron Particle Paclitaxel Sterile Suspension |
A suspension composed of uncoated, stable, submicron particles of the water-insoluble taxane paclitaxel, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-tumoral administration of the submicron particle paclitaxel sterile suspension, paclitaxel binds to tubulin and inhibits the disassembly of microtubules, which leads to the inhibition of cell division, thereby halting the proliferation of rapidly-dividing tumor cells. The submicron particle paclitaxel is produced through a specific proprie… |
Sudocetaxel Zendusortide |
A peptide-drug conjugate composed of the second-generation taxane docetaxel and the sortilin (SORT1)-targeting peptide zendusortide (TH19P01), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of sudocetaxel zendusortide, the zendusortide moiety targets and binds to SORT1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization, docetaxel binds to and stabilizes the beta-tubulin subunit, thereby inhibiting microtubule disassembly which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell d… |
Sugemalimab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, sugemalimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling and enhances the cytotoxic T-lymp… |
Sulanemadlin |
An orally available peptide inhibitor of both murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and murine double minute X (MDMX), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sulanemadlin binds to both MDM2 and MDMX and interferes with their interaction with the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing MDM2-p53 and MDMX-p53 interactions, p53 activity is restored, which leads to p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. MDM2 and MDMX, negativ… |
Sulfatinib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) 1, 2, and 3, and the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon oral administration, sulfatinib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs and FGFR1 thereby inhibiting VEGFR- and FGFR1-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to a reduction of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation in VEGFR/FGFR1-overexpressing tumor c… |
Sulforaphane |
A naturally-occurring phytochemical belonging to the class of isothiocyanates. As the aglycone metabolite of glucosinolate glucoraphanin (sulforaphane glucosinolate), sulforaphane acts as an antioxidant and potent stimulator of endogenous detoxifying enzymes. This agent displays anticarcinogenic properties due to its ability to induce phase II detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase, thereby providing protection against certain carcinogens and toxic, … |
Sulindac |
A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug with potential antineoplastic activity. Converted in vivo to an active metabolite, sulindac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), blocks cyclic guanosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE), an enzyme that inhibits the normal apoptosis signal pathway; this inhibition permits the apoptotic signal pathway to proceed unopposed, resulting in apoptotic cell death. (NCI04) |
Sulofenur |
A diarylsulfonylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Sulofenur’s antineoplastic mechanism of action is unknown. (NCI04) |
Sunitinib |
An indolinone derivative and tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemic cells. |
Sunitinib Malate |
The orally bioavailable malate salt of an indolinone-based tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Sunitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor b (PDGFRb), and c-kit, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), another receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by some leukemi… |
Sunvozertinib |
An orally available, irreversible, dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) that shows similar activity against certain activating mutations, including exon 20 insertions (exon20ins), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,sunvozertinib binds to and inhibits EGFR and HER2, which may result in the inhibition of tumor growth and angiogenesis, and tumor regression in EGFR/HER2-expressing tumors…. |
Super Enhancer Inhibitor GZ17-6.02 |
A synthetic formulation of the Arum palaestinum plant that has been fortified with the already naturally occurring constituents of isovanillin, linolenic acid, and beta-sitosterol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, GZ17-6.02 may induce apoptosis through caspase-3 activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, inhibit tumor cell progression by attenuating macrophage infiltration, and inhibit the phosphorylation of several mediators of tumor cell pro… |
Suramin |
A polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogen… |
Suramin Sodium |
A sodium salt form of suramin, a polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth… |
Suratadenoturev |
A replication-competent oncolytic, telomerase-specific adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Suratadenoturev contains the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene promoter sequence that drives the expression of the E1A and E1B genes, and is linked to an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). Upon administration, OBP-301 selectively infects and replicates in cancer cells that are expressing telomerase, which causes cell lysis. This adenovirus does not i… |
Surovatamig |
A human bispecific T-cell engager antibody composed of a fixed-light-chain (FLC) arm targeting the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes and a heavy-chain-only (HCO) arm targeting the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, surovatamig binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the CD19 antigen expressed on malignant B-cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to CD19-expressing tumor cell… |
Survivin Antigen |
A tumor-associated antigen. Vaccination with survivin antigen may result in a cytotoxic T-cell response against survivin antigen-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. Overexpressed in many tumors, endogenous survivin inhibits tumor cell apoptosis. |
Survivin mRNA Antagonist EZN-3042 |
A locked nucleic acid (LNA) antisense oligonucleotide targeting survivin mRNA, with potential antineoplastic activity. EZN-3042 hybridizes to survivin mRNA, thereby blocking translation of survivin protein and inhibiting survivin-induced anti-apoptotic activity and promoting tumor cell apoptosis in survivin-overexpressing tumor cells. Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family expressed during embryonic development, is upregulated in a variety of human cancers while absent … |
Survivin Sur1M2 Peptide Vaccine |
A modified recombinant nonapeptide (LMLGEFLKL) derived from the anti-apoptosis protein survivin with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, survivin Sur1M2 peptide vaccine may elicit humoral and cellular immune responses against survivin-expressing cancers, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. The survivin protein inhibits caspase activation and apoptosis; it is undetectable in normal adult tissues but is expressed by … |
Survivin/p53/HER2 Antigen-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
An autologous dendritic cell (DC) vaccine loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from survivin, p53 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2 or ERBB2), with immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, this DC vaccine may elicit a potent cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these TAAs, resulting in tumor cell death. Survivin, p53 and HER2 are essential in neoplastic growth, and are considered to be universal tumor anti… |
Survivin-targeted Vaccine OVM-200 |
A cancer vaccine consisting of recombinant overlapping peptides (ROPs) derived from the anti-apoptosis protein survivin, with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, survivin-targeted vaccine OVM-200 may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against survivin-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor cell proliferation and tumor cell death. The survivin protein inhibits caspase activation and apoptosis; … |
Surzebiclimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, surzebiclimab binds to TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phospha… |
Sustained-release Lipid Inhaled Cisplatin |
A sustained-release formulation for inhalation in which the inorganic platinum (Pt) agent cisplatin is encapsulated in lipids, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon inhalation of the sustained-release lipid inhalation targeting (SLIT) cisplatin into the lungs, this agent forms highly reactive, positively charged, Pt complexes, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA, preferably at the N7 position of guanine bases. Pt complex binding introduces intrastrand and interstrand DN… |
Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-101 |
A sustained-release (SR) hydrogel polymer-based formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon local administration of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation to the upper urinary tract via a ureteral catheter, the gel solidifies and deposits MMC locally to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cross-links, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis. Du… |
Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-102 |
A sustained-release (SR) reverse thermal (RT) hydrogel formulation containing the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation UGN-102, the liquid converts into gel form and conforms to the bladder wall, allowing MMC to be deposited locally in the bladder to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produces interstrand DNA cros… |
Sustained-release Mitomycin C Hydrogel Formulation UGN-103 |
A sustained-release (SR) reverse thermal (RT) hydrogel formulation containing a lyophilized form of the antineoplastic antibiotic mitomycin C (MMC), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravesical instillation of the SR MMC hydrogel formulation UGN-103, the liquid converts into gel form and conforms to the bladder wall, allowing MMC to be deposited locally in the bladder to prevent the excretion of this chemotherapeutic agent via urinary flow. In turn, MMC alkylates DNA, and produce… |
Sutetinib Maleate |
The maleate salt form of sutetinib, an orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, sutetinib selectively targets, irreversibly binds to, and inhibits the activity of various EGFR mutations, including the less common mutations L861Q, G719X, and S768I. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling in susceptible tumor cells. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-ove… |
Suvemcitug |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, suvemcitug specifically binds to and inhibits VEGF, thereby preventing its binding to VEGF receptors (VEGFRs). This prevents VEGF/VEGFR-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells. VEGF, overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells, is associated with increased invasiveness and decreased survi… |
SVN53-67/M57-KLH Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing a 15-mer peptide (DLAQMFFCFKELEGW), with C to M alteration at amino acid position 57, derived from the anti-apoptosis protein survivin, and conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of SVN53-67/M57-KLH peptide vaccine, this peptide is able to bind both HMC class I and II molecules and may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) as wel… |
Synchrotope TA2M Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A recombinant plasmid DNA vaccine encoding epitopes of tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrotope TA2M vaccine contains a plasmid encoding 2 epitopes, amino acid sequences 207-216 and 1-17 of tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with the TA2M plasmid DNA vaccine may induce the production of anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreas… |
Synchrovax SEM Plasmid DNA Vaccine |
A bivalent DNA vaccine encoding epitopes for both Melan-A (MART-1) and tyrosinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Synchrovax SEM plasmid DNA vaccine contains a plasmid pSEM that encodes 4 epitopes: Melan-A (26-35), Melan-A (31-96), tyrosinase (1-9), and tyrosinase (369-377). Both Melan-A and tyrosinase are tumor antigens associated with melanoma. Vaccination with this plasmid DNA vaccine may induce both humoral and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) responses against cells expressing either o… |
Synthetic Alkaloid PM00104 |
A synthetic alkaloid compound, related to natural alkaloid compounds, found in molluscs (jorumycin) and sponges (renieramycins), with potential antineoplastic activity. PM00104 reversibly binds to DNA, thereby inducing cytotoxicity due to its interference with DNA replication, transcription, and translation processes. DNA binding by this agent does not trigger DNA damage checkpoint responses, hence PM00104 demonstrates a manageable and reversible cytotoxicity as part of its antitumor activity. |
Synthetic Brain Tumor Peptides-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with synthetic brain tumor peptides with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, synthetic brain tumor peptides-pulsed autologous dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)l and antibody responses against glioma tumor cells, resulting in glioma tumor cell lysis. |
Synthetic Breast Cancer Peptides-Tetanus Toxoid-Montanide ISA-51 Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of multiple synthetic breast cancer peptides and the adjuvant tetanus toxoid helper peptide emulsified in the adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 with immunopotentiation activity. Vaccination with this cancer vaccine may elicit a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against breast cancer cells. Synthetic breast cancer peptides may stimulate the immune response against cells that produce breast cancer markers such as erbB2 (HER2/neu) while tetanus toxoid helper peptide bin… |
Synthetic Breast Cancer Peptides-Tetanus Toxoid-Poly ICLC Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine comprised of nine class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted breast cancer associated peptides, the tetanus toxoid helper peptide and the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist poly ICLC, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. The nine peptides derived from six cancer associated proteins are epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and four cancer/testis antigens (CTAs: MAGE-A1, -A3, -A10, and NY-ESO-1)… |
Synthetic Glioblastoma Mutated Tumor-specific Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC2 |
A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of one or two de novo synthesized patient-specific tumor-mutated peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB mutated tumor-specific peptides vaccine therapy APVAC2 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the selected mutated tumor-associated peptides, which results in decreas… |
Synthetic Glioblastoma Tumor-associated Peptides Vaccine Therapy APVAC1 |
A personalized peptide-based cancer vaccine comprised of five to ten peptides associated with glioblastoma (GB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with synthetic GB tumor-associated peptides vaccine therapy APVAC1 stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing the tumor associated peptides, and results in decreased GB growth. The peptides are derived from a glioma actively personalized … |
Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1400 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding the full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), which is the catalytic subunit of human telomerase and synthesizes telomeric DNA at the chromosome ends, containing two immunogenic mutations, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal vaccination of the hTERT encoding DNA vaccine INO-1400 in combination with electroporation, hTERT protein is expres… |
Synthetic hTERT DNA Vaccine INO-1401 |
A DNA vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a synthetic, full-length sequence of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), which was derived from the consensus sequence from humans and primates and contains two immunogenic mutations (SynCon TERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intramuscular administration of INO-1401 in combination with electroporation, TERT protein is expressed and activates the immune system to moun… |
Synthetic Human Papillomavirus 16 E6 Peptide |
A synthetic peptide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E6. The E6 oncoprotein is implicated in the tumorigenesis of cervical carcinoma. Vaccination with HPV 16 E6 peptide may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against cells expressing the E6 oncoprotein, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Synthetic Hypericin |
A topical ointment formulation containing a synthetic form of hypericin, an anthraquinone derivative that is naturally found in the yellow flower of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort), with potential antineoplastic and photosensitizing activities. Upon topical administration of the ointment to the tumor site, hypericin becomes activated through the application of visible fluorescent light. During photoactivation, hypericin generates singlet oxygen, which induces DNA damage, necrosis and a… |
Synthetic Long E6 Peptide-Toll-like Receptor Ligand Conjugate Vaccine ISA201 |
A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of two highly immunogenic synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoprotein E6, and conjugated to a proprietary toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand (TLR2-L) immunoadjuvant, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, the TLR2-L moiety of the synthetic long E6 peptides TLR ligand conjugate vaccine targets and binds to TLRs expressed on a… |
Synthetic Long E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine HPV-01 |
A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of thirteen synthetic long peptides (SLPs), which are 25-35 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncoproteins E6 and E7, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, synthetic long E6/E7 peptides vaccine HPV-01 is taken up and degraded into small pieces by dendritic cells. The processed viral epitopes are presented by dendritic cells, which may stimulate the host immune system to mo… |
Synthetic Long HPV16 E6/E7 Peptides Vaccine ISA101b |
A therapeutic peptide vaccine consisting of nine overlapping synthetic long peptides (SLPs), 25 to 32 amino acids in size, derived from the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E6 and three SLPs, each 35 amino acids in size, derived from HPV16 E7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, the synthetic long HPV16 E6/E7 peptides vaccine ISA101b is taken up and the long peptides are proteolytically degraded to form shorte… |
Synthetic Melanoma-Associated Antigens Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing synthetic epitope peptides derived from melanoma tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), including melanoma-melanocyte antigen gp100(280-288), melanoma-associated antigen tyrosinase(1-9), and melanoma-associated antigen melan-A(27-35). Upon administration, synthetic melanoma-associated antigens vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte immune response against melanoma cells that express TAAs which share epitopes with the vaccine epitope peptides, resulting in tumor … |
Synthetic Peptides E-PRA And E-PSM Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine consisting of E-PRA and E-PSM, two synthetic peptide analogs of PRAME (PReferential Antigen MElanoma) and PSMA (Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon direct administration into lymph nodes, synthetic peptides E-PRA and E-PSM vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against PRAME- and PSMA-expressing tumor cells. PRAME and PSMA are tumor-associated antigens upregulated and expressed on the cell surfaces of cer… |
Synthetic Plumbagin PCUR-101 |
A synthetic form of the plant-derived medicinal agent, plumbagin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Plumbagin may act by inhibiting the expression of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCe), signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 phosphorylation (Stat3), protein kinase B (AKT), and certain epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, including vimentin and slug. This results in possible inhibition of proliferation in susceptible tumor cells. PKCe, Stat3, AKT, and the EMT … |
T1E28z CAR-expressing Autologous CD4-positive T Lymphocytes |
Autologous CD4 positive T-lymphocytes engineered to express the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T1E28z containing the ErbB ligand, T1E, fused to the hinge region, transmembrane domain and endodomain of CD28 and the CD3zeta endodomain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. T1E, a chimeric polypeptide containing the N-terminus of human transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha fused to the C-terminus of epidermal growth factor (EGF), binds to ErbB1 homodimers and heterodim… |
T4N5 Liposomal Lotion |
A topical lotion that contains the enzyme T4-bacteriophage endonuclease V encapsulated within liposomes. With topical liposomal delivery, the DNA repair enzyme T4-bacteriophage endonuclease V is transported into skin cells, where the enzyme enters cell nuclei and binds to and incises pyrimidine dimers, thereby catalyzing the first reaction step of the cellular excision repair pathway for removing DNA replication-inhibiting pyrimidine dimers produced within duplex DNA through exposure to ultra… |
T900607 |
A pentafluorophenylsulfonamide compound with potential antineoplastic activity. T900607 inhibits tubulin polymerization by binding irreversibly to colchicine binding sites, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Tabalumab |
A human IgG4 monoclonal antibody against B-cell activating factor (BAFF), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tabalumab binds to and inhibits the activity of both soluble and cell surface-bound BAFF. This may reduce the activity, proliferation and survival of B-cells. A dysregulated expression of BAFF, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of proteins, is often seen in certain autoimmune diseases and certain cancers, and may promote B lymphocyte activat… |
Tabelecleucel |
Allogeneic cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) selective for the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, and after hematopoietic cell transplants (HCT) or solid organ transplants (SOT), or during certain other immunocompromised states, tabelecleucel targets and binds to EBV-associated antigens expressed on EBV-infected cells. This results in lysis of EBV-infected cells and preve… |
Tacaciclib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tacaciclib selectively targets, covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK7, thereby inhibiting CDK7-mediated signaling. The inhibition of CDK7 prevents phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II, thereby preventing transcription of important cancer-promoting genes. It prevents phosphorylation of the cell cy… |
TACC3 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor AO-252 |
An orally bioavailable protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitor that targets transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TACC3 PPI inhibitor AO-252 targets and inhibits the interactions of TACC3 with its protein partners, including clathrin/KIFC1, BARD1 and MBD2/HAT complexes. This may inhibit tumor cell growth. TACC3 plays an important role in the regulation of mitosis, DNA damage response and epigenetic f… |
Tacedinaline |
An orally bioavailable substituted benzamide derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Tacedinaline inhibits histone deacetylation, which may result in histone hyperacetylation, followed by the induction of differentiation, the inhibition of cell proliferation, and apoptosis in susceptible tumor cell populations. |
TAEK-VAC-HerBy Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER-2/neu (ErbB-2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TAEK-VAC-HerBy vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells expressing the HER-2/neu antigen, which may result in the inhibition of proliferation in Her-2/neu-expressing tumor cells. Her-2/neu, a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases, is … |
Tafasitamab |
An Fc engineered, humanized anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19 with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities.Tafasitamab targets and binds to CD19, thereby depleting and eliminating CD19-expressing B-cells. The modified Fc region of XmAb5574 increases binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors of effector cells and thereby enhances antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosi… |
Tag-7 Gene-modified Vaccine |
A cell-based vaccine composed of autologus inactivated tumor cells that have been genetically modified with the gene encoding for the innate immunity protein peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (Tag7; PGRP-S; PGLYRP1; TAG-7), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration of Tag-7 gene-modified vaccine (GMV), the Tag-7 transfected tumor cells express Tag-7 which is presented to the immune system and activates the innate immune system. This may … |
Tagitanlimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tagitanlimab specifically targets and binds to PD-L1, blocking its binding to and activation of its receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; cluster of differentiation 279; CD279). This reverses T-cell inactivation caused by PD-1/PD-L1 signali… |
Tagraxofusp-erzs |
A recombinant protein consisting of human interleukin 3 (IL3) fused to the first 388 amino acids of diphtheria toxin [DT(388)] (DT388IL3) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of tagraxofusp-erzs, the IL3 moiety binds to IL3 receptors on cells expressing the receptor. Subsequently, the DT(388) toxin moiety, which contains both translocation and catalytic domains, is transported across the cell membrane via endocytosis. Within the cytosol, the catalytic domain… |
Talabostat |
A small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), resulting in the sti… |
Talabostat Mesylate |
The mesylate salt of an orally active small molecule with antineoplastic and hematopoiesis- stimulating activities. By cleaving N-terminal Xaa-Pro or Xaa-Ala residues, talabostat inhibits dipeptidyl peptidases, such as fibroblast activation protein (FAP), resulting in the stimulation of cytokine and chemokine production and specific T-cell immunity and T-cell dependent activity. This agent may also stimulate the production of colony stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony stimulating … |
Talacotuzumab |
A humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against CD123 (Interleukin-3 receptor alpha chain or IL3RA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, talacotuzumab binds to and neutralizes CD123. This may inhibit IL-3-dependent signaling and may inhibit proliferation and differentiation in CD123-positive tumor cells. CSL362 contains an engineered Fc region which increases its binding affinity to Fc-gamma receptors on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells thereby initiat… |
Talactoferrin Alfa |
An orally bioavailable recombinant human lactoferrin produced in the fungus Aspergillus niger with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon oral administration, talactoferrin is transported into small intestinal Peyer’s patches of the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissues (GALT), where it recruits circulating immature dendritic cells (DCs) bearing tumor antigens and induces their maturation. In the GALT, DC maturation in the presence of tumor antigens and lymphoid effec… |
Taladegib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule antagonist of the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor smoothened (Smo) with potential antineoplastic activity. Taladegib inhibits signaling that is mediated by the Hh pathway protein Smo, which may result in a suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and may lead to the inhibition of the proliferation of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and… |
Talampanel |
A synthetic derivative of dioxolo-benzodiazepine with anti-seizure activity. Talampanel antagonizes the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtype of glutamate excitatory amino acid receptors and may inhibit the growth of gliomas by interfering with neurotransmitters involved in brain tumor growth. This agent may also protect against traumatic brain injury. |
Talaporfin Sodium |
An agent consisting of chlorin e6, derived from chlorophyll, and L-aspartic acid with photosensitizing activity. After intratumoral activation by light emitting diodes, taporfin sodium forms an extended high energy conformational state that generates singlet oxygen, resulting in free radical-mediated cell death. (NCI04) |
Talazoparib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with potential antineoplastic activity. Talazoparib selectively binds to PARP and prevents PARP-mediated DNA repair of single strand DNA breaks via the base-excision repair pathway. This enhances the accumulation of DNA strand breaks, promotes genomic instability and eventually leads to apoptosis. PARP catalyzes post-translational ADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins that signal and recruit other protein… |
Taletrectinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taletrectinib binds to and inhibits ROS1 and the NTRK family members. This inhibition leads to a disruption of ROS1- and NTRK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits the growth of tumor cells that are overexpressing ROS1 and/or NTRKs. ROS1, overexpressed in certain canc… |
Taletrectinib Adipate |
The adiptate form of taletrectinib, a n orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1, 2 and 3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taletrectinib binds to and inhibits ROS1 and the NTRK family members. This inhibition leads to a disruption of ROS1- and NTRK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits the growth of tumor cells that are overexpressing ROS1 and/or NTRKs… |
Talfirastide |
A synthetic heptapeptide identical to endogenous angiotensin-(1-7) with vasodilator and antiproliferative activities. Talfirastide may inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and the production of proinflammatory prostaglandins and may activate the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, resulting in diminished tumor cell proliferation. Activation of the angiotensin-(1-7) receptor Mas, a G-protein coupled, seven transmembrane protein, may down-regulate the phosphorylation and activation of Erk1 and Erk2 in … |
Talimogene Laherparepvec |
An ICP34.5, ICP47-deleted, oncolytic herpes simplex type-1 virus (HSV-1) based on the JS1 strain, and encoding the immunostimulating factor human cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral injection, talimogene laherparepvec selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, thereby inducing tumor cell lysis. In addition, GM-CSF attracts dendritic cells (DCs) and may stimulate a cytotoxic… |
Tallimustine |
A benzoyl mustard derivative of the antiviral agent distamycin A with potential antineoplastic activity. Tallimustine selectively binds to A-T rich regions in the minor groove of DNA and alkylates at the N3 position of adenine in a highly sequence-specific manner. This prevents DNA replication, inhibits cellular proliferation and triggers apoptosis. Moreover, unlike other clinical nitrogen mustards, tallimustine does not carry out guanine-N7 alkylation in the major groove of DNA, which may le… |
Talmapimod |
An orally bioavailable, small-molecule, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor with potential immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. Talmapimod specifically binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. This agent may also enhance proteasome inhibitor-induced apoptosis. p38 MAPK is a serine/threoni… |
Talotrexin |
An antimetabolite analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. |
Talotrexin Ammonium |
An ammonium salt of tallotrexin, an analogue of aminopterin with potential antineoplastic activity. As a folate antagonist, talotrexin binds to and inhibits the function of dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in the inhibition of folate metabolism, DNA synthesis, and cell division. Hydrosoluble, talotrexin is actively transported into cells by the reduced folate carrier (RFC) and, therefore, is unlikely to be associated with P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance. |
Talquetamab |
A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human G-protein coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, talquetamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and GPRC5D expressed on certain tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against GPRC5D-expressing tumor ce… |
Taltobulin |
An analogue of the naturally occurring tripeptide hemiasterlin, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Taltobulin binds tubulin in a similar manner as colchicine and inhibits tubulin polymerization. This results in the disruption of the cytoskeleton, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, blockage of cell division and apoptosis. |
TAM/c-Met Inhibitor RXDX-106 |
An orally available and selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity of both hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR) and receptors in the TYRO3, AXL, and MER (TAM) family, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration of TAM/c-Met inhibitor RXDX-106, this agent selectively targets and binds to TYRO3, AXL, MER and c-Met, and prevents their RTK activity. This blocks TYRO3/AXL/MER/c-Met-mediated signal transduction pathways,… |
Tamgiblimab |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, tamgiblimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands C… |
Tamibarotene |
An orally active, synthetic retinoid, developed to overcome all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance, with potential antineoplastic activity. As a specific retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha/beta agonist, tamibarotene is approximately ten times more potent than ATRA in inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis in HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cell lines in vitro. Due to a lower affinity for cellular retinoic acid binding protein (CRABP), tamibarotene may show sustained plasma levels… |
Taminadenant |
An orally bioavailable adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, A2AR antagonist PBF-509 selectively binds to and inhibits A2AR expressed on T-lymphocytes. This abrogates the adenosine/A2AR-mediated inhibition of T-lymphocytes and activates a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor cells, thereby reducing proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. A2AR, a G protein-coupled receptor, is highly expressed on the cell surfaces of T… |
Tamoxifen |
An antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates insulin-like growth … |
Tamoxifen Citrate |
The citrate salt of an antineoplastic nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Tamoxifen competitively inhibits the binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors, thereby preventing the receptor from binding to the estrogen-response element on DNA. The result is a reduction in DNA synthesis and cellular response to estrogen. In addition, tamoxifen up-regulates the production of transforming growth factor B (TGFb), a factor that inhibits tumor cell growth, and down-regulates ins… |
Tamrintamab Pamozirine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody against dipeptidase 3 (DPEP3) conjugated, via a plasma-stable valine-alanine dipeptide linker, to a cytotoxic pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of tamrintamab pamozirine targets DPEP3 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic, DNA cross-linking PBD moiety is released. T… |
Tandutinib |
A piperazinyl quinazoline receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Tandutinib inhibits the autophosphorylation of FLT3 (FMS-Like Tyrosine kinase-3), c-KIT and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) receptor tyrosine kinases, thereby inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis. |
Tanespimycin |
A benzoquinone antineoplastic antibiotic derived from the antineoplastic antibiotic geldanamycin. Tanespimycin binds to and inhibits the cytosolic chaperone functions of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). HSP90 maintains the stability and functional shape of many oncogenic signaling proteins; the inhibition of HSP90 promotes the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins that may be overexpressed by tumor cells. |
Taniraleucel |
A population of cryopreserved, off-the-shelf (OTS) allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells derived from human placental hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and expressing the CD56 surface antigen and exhibiting a lack of CD3, with potential immunomodulating, antineoplastic and antiviral activities. Upon infusion of taniraleucel, these cells are able to recognize tumor cells as well as virally-infected cells, secrete perforins, granzymes and cytokines, and induce apoptosis in tumor and virally-infect… |
Tanomastat |
A biphenyl matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor (MMPI) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tanomastat inhibits MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9, inhibiting extracellular matrix degradation and potentially inhibiting angiogenesis, tumor growth and invasion, and metastasis. MMPs consist of at least 18 zinc-containing endo-proteinases that are capable of degrading collagen and proteoglycan. |
Tapotoclax |
An inhibitor of induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein MCL-1 (myeloid cell leukemia-1), with potential pro-apoptotic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tapotoclax binds to and inhibits the activity of MCL-1. This disrupts the formation of MCL-1/Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BCL2L11; BIM) complexes and induces apoptosis in tumor cells. MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl-2 family of proteins, is upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor cell surv… |
Taragarestrant |
An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taragarestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. |
Tarenflurbil |
An orally active synthetic enantiomer of flurbiprofen. Tarenflurbil activates c-Jun N terminal kinase, increases AP-1 binding to DNA, and downregulates cyclin D1 expression, resulting in arrest of tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and apoptosis. This agent also affects the expression of nuclear factor kappa B, a rapid response transcription factor that stimulates the immune response to tumor cells. R-flurbiprofen does not inhibit the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase. |
Tarextumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the Notch receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tarextumab binds to Notch on the cell surface, thereby inhibiting Notch-mediated signaling and gene transcription, which may impede tumor angiogenesis. Notch receptors are important for cell-cell communication, which involves gene regulation mechanisms that control multiple cell differentiation processes during embryonic and adult life. Dysregulated Notch signaling is implicated in many diseases … |
Targeted Therapy Agent |
Any agent that specifically targets or interferes with the synthesis or function of a molecule that is expressed specifically in or on cells of the tumor and/or the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as immune cells or surrounding blood vessels. The targeted molecule is usually overexpressed or mutated in tumors but minimally or not expressed by normal, healthy tissues; additionally, expression is typically associated with tumor cell proliferation, progression and/or survival. By blocking the… |
Tariquidar |
An anthranilamide derivative with multidrug resistance properties. Tariquidar non-competitively binds to the p-glycoprotein transporter, thereby inhibiting transmembrane transport of anticancer drugs. Inhibition of transmembrane transport may result in increased intracellular concentrations of an anticancer drug, thereby augmenting its cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Tarlatamab |
A bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tarlatamab binds to both the CD3 antigen on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and the DLL3 antigen found on DLL3-expressing tumor cells. This activates a… |
TARP 27-35 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine, containing amino acid residues 27 through 35 of T cell receptor gamma alternate reading frame protein (TARP), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TARP 27-35 peptide vaccine may stimulate a host cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against TARP-expressing tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell cytotoxicity. The nuclear protein TARP is commonly expressed on prostate and breast cancer cells and is highly immunogenic. |
TARP 29-37-9V Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide-based cancer vaccine, consisting of amino acid residues 29 through 37 of T cell receptor gamma alternate reading frame protein (TARP) with a leucine-to-valine substitution at position 9, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TARP 29-37-9V peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against TARP-expressing tumor cells, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation. The leucine-to-valine substitution at pos… |
Tasadenoturev |
An adenovirus serotype 5 strain, selectively replication competent in cells defective in the Rb/p16 tumor suppressor pathway, with potential oncolytic activity. Tasadenoturev contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, allowing Coxsackie adenovirus receptor-independent infection of tumor cells, which are often deficient for Coxsackie and adenovirus receptors (CARs). Selectively replication competent in cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A… |
Tasadenoturev-infected Allogeneic Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells |
A preparation of bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with tasadenoturev (Ad5-DNX-2401), an adenovirus serotype 5 strain that is selectively replication competent in cells defective in the Rb/p16 tumor suppressor pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon infusion of the tasadenoturev-infected bone marrow-derived MSCs, these cells target and deliver the adenovirus to tumor cells. The oncolytic virus then selectively transfects and replicates in the … |
Taselisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) alpha isoform (PIK3CA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Taselisib selectively inhibits PIK3CA and its mutant forms in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in PIK3CA-expressing tumor cells. By specifically targeting class I PI3K alpha, this agent may be more efficacious and less toxic than pan PI3K inhibitors. Dysregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathw… |
Tasidotin |
A third generation, synthetic, water-soluble, pentapeptide analog of the marine depsipeptide dolastatin 15, with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Tasidotin and its metabolite, tasidotin C-carboxylate, suppress the dynamic instability behavior of the microtubules through a reduction of the shortening rate (disassembly); reduction of the switching frequency from growth to shortening; and by reducing microtubules growth time. This may eventually result in a reduction of cell … |
Tasisulam |
An acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity. |
Tasisulam Sodium |
The sodium salt of an acyl-sulfonamide with potential antineoplastic activity. Selectively toxic towards tumor cells, tasisulam appears to induce tumor cell apoptosis by a mitochondrial-targeted mechanism involving the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In combination with an angiogenesis inhibitor, this agent may exhibit synergistic antiangiogenic activity. |
Tasquinimod |
A quinoline-3-carboxamide linomide analogue with antiangiogenic and potential antineoplastic activities. Tasquinimod has been shown to decrease blood vessel density but the exact mechanism of action is not known. This agent has also been shown to augment the antineoplastic effects of docetaxel and androgen ablation in a murine model of prostate cancer involving human prostate cancer xenografts. |
Tasurgratinib |
An inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tasurgratinib selectively interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This inhibits FGFR-mediated signaling and leads to both cell proliferation inhibition and cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase essential to tumor cell proliferation, di… |
Taurolidine |
A synthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobial with antibacterial, antifungal, anticoagulant, and potential antiangiogenic activities. Taurolidine, derived from the amino acid taurine, binds to and neutralizes bacterial exotoxins and endotoxins, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Taurolidine binding to LPS prevents bacterial adherence to host epithelial cells, thereby prevents bacterial invasion of uninfected host cells. Although the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity has not been fully el… |
Tauromustine |
A water-soluble taurine-based nitrosourea with potential antineoplastic activity. Tauromustine alkylates DNA and causes DNA cross links independent of cell cycle, thereby resulting in disruption of DNA function and induction of apoptosis. |
Taurultam |
A reversible metabolite of taurolidine and an amino acid taurine derivative, with antibacterial and antineoplastic activity. Taurultam, like its congener taurolidine, inhibits proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells, although to a lesser extent, by selectively inhibiting the adhesion of endothelial cells to laminin but not to collagen I and fibronectin. |
Tavokinogene Telseplasmid |
A DNA plasmid that encodes genes for both the p35 and p40 subunits of the heterodimeric human interleukin 12 (hIL-12) protein that are separated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and under the control of a single cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration via intratumoral injection and electroporation, the plasmid is introduced into human cells resulting in expression and highly-localized secretion of a functional… |
Tavolimab |
An agonistic, humanized monoclonal antibody against receptor OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon administration, tavolimab selectively binds to and activates the OX40 receptor. OX40 receptor activation induces proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this agent may promote an immune response against TAAs-expressing tumor cells. OX40, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TN… |
Taxane Analogue TPI 287 |
A synthetic, third generation taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. TPI 287 binds to tubulin and stabilizes microtubules, resulting in inhibition of microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, and apoptosis. |
Taxol Analogue SID 530 |
An intravenous formulation containing docetaxel, a semi-synthetic, second-generation taxane derived from a compound found in the European yew tree, Taxus baccata, with potential antineoplastic activity. Taxol analogue SID 530 binds to and stabilizes tubulin, inhibiting microtubule disassembly, which results in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and cell death. |
Tazarotene |
A synthetic, topical retinoid. Tazarotene induces the expression of tazarotene-induced gene 3 (TIG3), a tumor suppressor gene. In psoriasis, tazarotene normalizes abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and reduces their hyperproliferation. (NCI04) |
Tazemetostat |
An orally available, small molecule selective and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) competitive inhibitor of histone methyl transferase EZH2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tazemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results … |
TBC-CEA-Contaminated W/ BVDV |
A cancer vaccine consisting of a recombinant vector encoding the tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that is contaminated with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a prevalent tumor marker expressed by a number of different cancers such as colorectal, breast, lung and ovarian carcinomas; vaccination with vaccinia virus genetically engineered to express CEA may generate antitumoral T-cell responses. BVDV is an RNA pestivirus that may contaminate… |
T-cell Membrane-anchored Tumor-targeted IL-12-modified Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) engineered to express membrane-bound interleukin-12 (mbIL-12), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the T-cell membrane-anchored tumor-targeted IL-12-modified TILs, the cells specifically recognize and kill the tumor cells. IL-12 expression activates the immune system by promoting the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFNg), activating natural killer cells (NKs), and inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte … |
TCR-engineered T-cells HRYZ-T101 |
A preparation of genetically engineered T-lymphocytes expressing a T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting a specific tumor-associated antigen (TAA) of the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 (HPV-18), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, HPV-18 expressing TCR T-cells target and bind to tumor cells expressing the HPV-18 TAA leading to selective cytotoxicity in HPV-18 TAA-expressing tumor cells. HPV18 TAAs are overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types. |
TCR-specific, alpha Fetoprotein-enhanced Autologous T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of human autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a viral vector encoding for a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Following administration, the TCR-specific, alpha fetoprotein-enhanced autologous T-lymphocytes recognize and bind to AFP antigen-positive cells, which results in lysis and killing of AFP-positive cancer cells. AFP is overexpressed in a variety of cancers. |
TEAD Inhibitor BGC515 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the transcription factor TEAD (TEA domain), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TEAD inhibitor BGC515 targets, binds to and inhibits TEAD, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD. This may inhibit YAP/TAZ-TEAD-promoted transcription of multiple genes involved in tumor cell proliferation, progressio… |
TEAD Inhibitor IK-930 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the transcription factor TEAD (TEA domain), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TEAD inhibitor IK-930 targets, binds to and inhibits TEAD, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD. This may inhibit YAP/TAZ-TEAD-promoted transcription of multiple genes involved in tumor cell prolifera… |
TEAD Inhibitor SW-682 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the transcription factor TEAD (TEA domain), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TEAD inhibitor SW-682 targets and binds to the TEAD palmitoylation pocket all TEAD isoforms, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD and inhibiting TEAD auto-palmitoylation. This may inhibit YAP/TAZ-TEAD-promoted transc… |
TEAD Inhibitor VT3989 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the auto-palmitoylation of the transcription factor TEAD (TEA domain), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TEAD inhibitor VT3989 inhibits TEAD auto-palmitoylation, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD. This may inhibit YAP/TAZ-TEAD promoted gene transcription involved in tumor ce… |
Tebentafusp |
A fusion protein containing a modified form of human T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the gp100 antigen and fused to an anti-CD3 single-chain antibody fragment, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon direct intratumoral administration of tebentafusp into the melanoma lesion, the TCR moiety of this agent targets and binds to the tumor associated antigen (TAA) gp100 presented on the melanoma tumor cell; the anti-CD3 fragment moiety binds to CD3- expressing T lymphocytes, thereby selecti… |
Tebotelimab |
An Fc-bearing, humanized antibody-like protein that specifically recognizes the immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential T-lymphocyte immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tebotelimab specifically binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3, which are both expressed on T-cells. The dual blockade of the PD-1 and LAG-3 pathways enables potent activation … |
Tecaginlimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, Fc-silenced, bispecific, agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting both CD40 and 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tecaginlimab simultaneously binds to CD40 and 4-1BB, crosslinks CD40 and 4-1BB positive cells, induces conditional stimulation, and activates both CD40- and 4-1BB-medicated signaling. The activation of CD40-mediated signa… |
Teclistamab |
A bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; TNFRSF17), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on plasma cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, teclistamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and BCMA expressed on malignant plasma cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, and induces a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against BCMA-expressing pl… |
Tecogalan Sodium |
A sulfated polysaccharide isolated from various Arthrobacter bacterial species. Possessing potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic properties, tecogalan binds to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), thereby preventing bFGF from binding to its receptors. Disruption of this receptor binding results in the inhibition of bFGF-stimulated endothelial cell growth, proliferation, and migration. (NCI04) |
Tecotabart |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tecotabart specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. CLDN18.2, a tight junction protein and stomach-specific isoform of claudin-18, is expressed on a varie… |
Tecotabart Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18) conjugated via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tecotabart vedotin specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon internalization and the release of MMAE, MMAE targets and bin… |
Tefinostat |
A hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tefinostat inhibits HDAC leading to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which may result in chromatin remodeling, inhibition of tumor oncogene transcription, inhibition of tumor cell division, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. HDAC, an enzyme upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin histone proteins; this agent may specifically target HDACs in cells of the … |
Tegafur |
A congener of the antimetabolite fluorouracil with antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug that is gradually converted to fluorouracil in the liver by the cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Subsequently, 5-FU is metabolized to two active metabolites, 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP) by both tumor cells and normal cells. FdUMP inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division by inhibiting thymidylate synthase and reducing normal thymidine production, w… |
Tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil Potassium |
An orally bioavailable fluoropyrimidine antagonist composed of tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and potassium oxonate, in a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil, an antimetabolite that inhibits thymidylate synthase, DNA synthesis and cell division, and competes with uridine triphosphate, thus inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis. Gimeracil is a reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), the liver en… |
Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium-Leucovorin Calcium Oral Formulation |
An orally bioavailable granular formulation composed of the fluoropyrimidine antagonist tegafur combined with two modulators of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) activity, gimeracil and oteracil potassium, and the folic acid derivative leucovorin calcium, with potential antineoplastic activity. Tegafur is a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite that is further metabolized to 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluorouridine triphosphate (FUTP). FdUMP inhibits thymidylate sy… |
Tegafur-Uracil |
A formulated therapeutic oral agent consisting of a combination of the 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) congener prodrug tegafur (tetrahydrofuranyl-5-fluorouracil) and uracil (1:4). The high concentration of uracil reversibly inhibits the uracil-reducing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), thereby inhibiting first-pass DPD-mediated hepatic metabolism of the uracil analogue 5-FU and permitting administration of 5-FU as the orally bioavailable prodrug tegafur. Tegafur is bioactivated to 5-FU by … |
Tegavivint |
A small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, tegavivint binds to transducin beta-like protein 1 (TBL1) and disrupts the binding of beta-catenin to TBL1. This promotes beta-catenin degradation, attenuates nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of beta-catenin, and reduces transcriptional activity of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and expression of its target genes, cyclin D1, c-Myc and survivin. The Wnt/beta-catenin … |
Teglarinad |
A water-soluble prodrug of a pyridyl cyanoguanidine compound and an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teglarinad is rapidly converted in the bloodstream into an active compound through hydrolytic cleavage of the carbonate ester bond. The activated form inhibits NAMPT, thereby inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis and induces a rapid decline in intracellular NAD+ followed by ATP reduction. As NAD+ is e… |
Teglarinad Chloride |
A water-soluble prodrug of a cyanoguanidine compound with potential antineoplastic activity. In vivo, teglarinad chloride is rapidly converted into active drug through hydrolytic cleavage of a carbonate ester bond. Although the exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated, the active drug appears to antagonize nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) transcription, resulting in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. |
Tegtociclib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tegtociclib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK2. This may lead to cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. CDKs are serine/threonine kinases that are important regulators of cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation and are frequently overexpressed in tumor cells. CDK2/cyclin… |
Telaglenastat |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and irreversibly inhibits glutaminase, a mitochondrial enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. By blocking glutamine utilization, proliferation in rapidly growing cells is impaired. Glutamine-dependent tumors rely on the conversion of exogenous glutamine into glutamate and glutamate metabolites to both provide ene… |
Telaglenastat Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of CB-839, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of glutaminase, with potential antineoplastic and immunostimulating activities. Upon oral administration, CB-839 selectively and reversibly binds to and inhibits human glutaminase, an enzyme that is essential for the conversion of the amino acid glutamine into glutamate. Blocking glutamine metabolism inhibits proliferation in rapidly growing tumor cells and leads to an induction of cell death. Unlike normal healthy cells,… |
Telapristone |
An orally available 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, telapristone competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibit proliferation of endometrial… |
Telapristone Acetate |
The acetate form of the 21-substituted-19-nor-progestin telapristone, an orally available selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, CDB-4124 competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system. As a result, this agent may suppress ovulation and inhibi… |
Telatinib Mesylate |
The orally bioavailable mesylate salt of the 17-allylaminogeldanamycin (17-AAG) small-molecule inhibitor of several receptor protein tyrosine kinases with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Telatinib binds to and inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) type 2 and 3, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRb) and c-Kit, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in tumors in which these receptors are … |
Telisotuzumab |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR or c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telisotuzumab binds to c-Met, thereby preventing both c-Met binding to its ligand, HGF and the subsequent activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. This may cause cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer c… |
Telisotuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of telisotuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and proto-oncogene, c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Met; MET; hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a valine-citrulline (vc) peptide linker (vc-MMAE; vedotin), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of telisotuzumab vedotin targets a… |
Telomerase Inhibitor FJ5002 |
A derivative of rhodacyanine with potential antineoplastic activity. FJ5002 inhibits telomerase by interfering with holoenzyme assembly and telomere interaction, thus leading to replication-dependent shortening of telomeres with a concurrent increase in aneuploid metaphases and apoptotic cells. Telomerase is active in most tumors cells, but is quiescent in adjacent normal cells. (NCI04) |
Telomerase: 540-548 Peptide Vaccine |
A recombinant peptide consisting of the amino acid residues 540 to 548 of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Telomerase expression has been directly linked to tumor development; its catalytic subunit is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but infrequently in normal cells. Vaccination with telomerase:540-548 peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T cells to recognize and kill telomerase-expressing cells. (NCI04) |
Teloxantrone |
An anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis. |
Teloxantrone Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of an anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Teloxantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair, as well as RNA and protein synthesis. |
Telratolimod |
A toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral administration, telratolimod binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby stimulating antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and B-lymphocyte immune responses. This may cause tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the… |
Temarotene |
A synthetic bioactive retinoid with differentiation inducing and potential antineoplastic activities. Like other retinoic acid agents, temarotene binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby altering the expression of certain genes leading to cell differentiation and decreased cell proliferation in susceptible cells. |
Temoporfin |
A synthetic light-activated chlorin with photodynamic activity. Upon systemic administration, temoporfin distributes throughout the body and is taken up by tumor cells. Upon stimulation of temoporfin by non-thermal laser light (at 652 nm), and in the presence of oxygen, this agent produces highly reactive short-lived singlet oxygen and other reactive oxygen radicals, resulting in local damage to tumor cells. This may kill tumor cells and may reduce the tumor size. |
Temozolomide |
A triazene analog of dacarbazine with antineoplastic activity. As a cytotoxic alkylating agent, temozolomide is converted at physiologic pH to the short-lived active compound, monomethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (MTIC). The cytotoxicity of MTIC is due primarily to methylation of DNA at the O6 and N7 positions of guanine, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication. Unlike dacarbazine, which is metabolized to MITC only in the liver, temozolomide is metabolized to MITC at all sites. Temoz… |
Temozolomide Perillyl Alcohol Conjugate NEO212 |
An orally bioavailable agent composed of the prodrug and alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), a triazene analog of dacarbazine, covalently conjugated to perillyl alcohol (POH), a naturally occurring monoterpene, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration of temozolomide perillyl alcohol conjugate NEO212, TMZ is converted at physiologic pH to the short-lived active compound, monomethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (MTIC). MTIC is rapidly degraded into a methyldiazonium … |
Temsirolimus |
An ester analog of rapamycin. Temsirolimus binds to and inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), resulting in decreased expression of mRNAs necessary for cell cycle progression and arresting cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase which plays a role in the PI3K/AKT pathway that is upregulated in some tumors. |
Temuterkib |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, temuterkib inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in t… |
Temuterkib Mesylate |
The mesylate salt form of temuterkib, an orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, temuterkib inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The MAPK/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumo… |
Tenalisib |
An orally active, highly selective, small molecule inhibitor of the delta and gamma isoforms of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tenalisib inhibits the PI3K delta and gamma isoforms and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling pathway. This may lead to a reduction in cellular proliferation in PI3K delta/gamma-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent modulates inflammatory responses thr… |
Tenifatecan |
A highly lipophilic preparation of 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38) with potential antineoplastic activity. SN2310 is an oil-in-water emulsion of tocopherol covalently linked, via a succinate linker, to SN-38, a synthetic derivative of the cytotoxic alkaloid camptothecin. After succinate linker is hydrolyzed in vivo, the active moiety SN-38 is released and selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-stra… |
Teniposide |
A semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with antineoplastic activity. Teniposide forms a ternary complex with the enzyme topoisomerase II and DNA, resulting in dose-dependent single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA, DNA: protein cross-links, inhibition of DNA strand religation, and cytotoxicity. This agent acts in the late S or early G phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
Tepoditamab |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific human monoclonal antibody against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and human C-type lectin domain family 12 member A (CLEC12A), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on certain tumor cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tepoditamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and CLEC12A expressed on malignant cells, such as myeloid blasts, atypical progenitor cells and leukemic stem cells (LSCs). This results in the cross-lin… |
Tepotinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Tepotinib selectively binds to MET tyrosine kinase and disrupts MET signal transduction pathways, which may induce apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing this kinase. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET (also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor or HGFR), is the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met and is overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types; this protein plays key roles in tumor ce… |
Teprotumumab |
A recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Teprotumumab binds to membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction; downregulation of the PI3K/AKT survival pathway may result in the induction of apoptosis and decreased cellular proliferation. The activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin… |
Terameprocol |
A synthetic tetra-methylated derivative of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and transcriptional inhibitor with potential antiviral, antiangiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Terameprocol competes with the transcription factor Sp1 for specific Sp1 DNA binding domains within gene promoter regions during DNA synthesis. In virally-infected cells, blocking of the Sp1 binding site suppresses Sp1-regulated viral promoter activity and gene expression, thereby inhibiting viral transcription and r… |
Terfluranol |
A trifluoroethyl derivative with antineoplastic agent. |
Tergenpumatucel-L |
An allogeneic lung cancer vaccine with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Derived from allogeneic lung tumor cells, tergenpumatucel-L is engineered to express the murine alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GalT), an enzyme humans lack. GalT catalyzes the expression of foreign alpha-1,3-galactosyl (alpha-gal) carbohydrate epitopes in glycoproteins and in glycolipids on the cell membranes of the allogeneic lung tumor cells present in the vaccine, essentially producing a ‘xe… |
Teroxirone |
A triazene triepoxide with antineoplastic activity. Teroxine alkylates and cross-links DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. (NCI04) |
Tertomotide |
A synthetic peptide vaccine, containing 16 amino acid residues (611-626) of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation. Vaccination with tertomotide may activate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against telomerase-expressing cells. |
Tesetaxel |
A semi-synthetic, orally bioavailable taxane derivative with potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenic properties. Tesetaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin, promoting microtubule assembly and thereby preventing microtubule depolymerization. This may lead to cell cycle arrest and an inhibition of cell proliferation. This agent may also inhibit pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). As it represents poor substrate for P-glycoprotein-related drug resistance … |
Tesevatinib |
An orally bioavailable small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tesevatinib binds to and inhibits several tyrosine receptor kinases that play major roles in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ERBB1), epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and ephrin B4 (EphB4). This may result in the inhibition of tumor growth… |
Tesidolumab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the complement pathway protein C5, with complement pathway inhibitory activity and potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, tesidolumab targets and binds to C5, thereby preventing both C5 convertase-mediated cleavage of C5 and the formation of C5a and C5b. This inhibits C5-mediated signal transduction, the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) and the activation of the terminal complement pathway, … |
Testolactone |
A progesterone derivative with antineoplastic activity. Testolactone inhibits steroid aromatase, thereby preventing the formation of estrogen from adrenal androstenedione and reducing endogenous estrogen levels. (NCI04) |
Tetanus Peptide Melanoma Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of peptides derived from melanoma-associated antigens and a modified T-cell epitope derived from tetanus toxoid. Vaccination with this agent may stimulate a host cytotoxic and helper T-cell response against tumor cells expressing melanoma-associated antigens, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Tetanus Toxoid Vaccine |
A preparation of formaldehyde-deactivated toxin isolated from the bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus toxoid is used for booster injection and can stimulate the production of antitoxin antibodies. This agent may be used as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines. |
TetMYB DNA Vaccine |
A therapeutic engineered DNA vaccine composed of DNA sequences encoding for one or more tetanus toxoid peptides and the oncoprotein MYB, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration, TetMYB is taken up and processed by dendritic cells (DCs), which present the processed antigen to the immune system. This activates cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and causes a CTL-mediated immune response against MYB-expressing tumor cells. MYB, an oncoprotein an… |
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate |
A phorbol ester with potential antineoplastic effects. Tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) induces maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cell lines, including leukemic cells. This agent may induce gene expression and protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In addition to potential antineoplastic effects, TPA may exhibit tumor promoting activity. (NCI04) |
Tetrahydrouridine |
A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with biomodulating activity. Tetrahydrouridine increases the efficacy of the radiosensitizer cytochlor (5-chloro-2’-deoxycytidine) by inhibiting the enzyme deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP) deaminase and preventing the premature deamination of the cytochlor metabolite 5-chloro-2’-deoxycytidine monophosphate (CldCMP) to 5-chloro-2’-deoxyuridine monophosphate (CldUMP); in turn, this increases tumor concentrations of CldUMP which is then further anabol… |
Tetrathiomolybdate |
An orally bioavailable metal copper (Cu) chelator, with potential antiangiogenic, anti-metastatic and antitumor activities. Upon oral administration, tetrathiomolybdate (TM) targets and binds to copper and food protein in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, thereby forming stable complexes and preventing copper uptake and reabsorption. Additionally, absorbed free TM targets and binds to copper and serum albumin in the bloodstream. This depletes systemic copper reserves and deprives the tumor mic… |
Tetravalent RNA-lipoplex Cancer Vaccine BNT111 |
A RNA-lipoplex (RNA-LIP)-based cancer vaccine containing four naked ribonucleic acid (RNA)-drug products (DPs) RBL001.1, RBL002.2, RBL003.1, and RBL004.1 encoding the four melanoma-associated antigens (MAAs), the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1, the human melanoma-associated antigen A3 (MAGE-A3), tyrosinase, and putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase (TPTE), encapsulated in liposomes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of the tetravalent RNA-lipoplex cancer … |
Teverelix |
A synthetic decapeptide and antagonist of the naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential hormone production inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, teverelix directly competes with GnRH for receptor binding in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting GnRH receptor signaling. This inhibits the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents t… |
Teverelix Trifluoroacetate |
The trifluoroacetate (TFA) salt form of teverelix, a synthetic decapeptide and antagonist of the naturally occurring gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), with potential hormone production inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, teverelix directly competes with GnRH for receptor binding in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting GnRH receptor signaling. This inhibits the secretion and release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). … |
Tezacitabine |
A synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a substrate for DNA polymerase, further compromi… |
Tezacitabine Anhydrous |
The anhydrous form of tezacitabine, a synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Phosphorylated by cellular kinases, tezacitabine is converted into its active diphosphate and triphosphate metabolites. Tezacitabine diphosphate binds to and irreversibly inhibits the activity of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which may result in the inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells and eventually tumor cell apoptosis. Tezacitabine triphosphate acts as a… |
Tezemlimogene Daxadenorepvec |
A selectively replication competent oncolytic adenovirus that is engineered to express OX40 ligand (OX40L) with potential oncolytic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, tezemlimogene daxadenorepvec, which contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, infects tumor cells in a Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor-independent manner and selectively replicates in tumor cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16). Tumor cell selec… |
TF(c)-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a clustered pancarcinoma carbohydrate antigen, Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen, conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. TF antigen is a disaccharide epitope (galactose-beta1-3-N-acetylgalactose), normally O-linked to serine or threonine of tumor-associated epithelial mucins. This vaccine contains the TF epitope cluster (c) that is synthesized by linking 3 copies of the TF epitope on a threonine backbone to achieve the esse… |
TGFa-PE38 Immunotoxin |
A recombinant, chimeric toxin composed of human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE38) without its cell-binding domain. The TGF-alpha moiety of the agent attaches to tumor cells expressing the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR); the exotoxin induces caspase-mediated apoptosis of tumor cells via a mechanism involving mitochondrial damage; it also catalyzes the transfer of ADP ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to … |
TGFbDNRII-transduced Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that are transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a gene for a dominant-negative form of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFb) receptor, TGFbDNRII, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration, the TGFbDNRII-transduced autologous TILs recognize and kill tumor cells. The expression of TGFbDNRII allows for the TILs to be resistant to TGF-b-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation and activation, which allows opt… |
TGFbeta Inhibitor LY3200882 |
An orally bioavailable agent that targets transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LY3200882 specifically targets and binds to TGFb, which prevents both the binding of TGFb to its receptor TGFbR and TGFb-mediated signal transduction. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGFb signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors, and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentia… |
TGFbeta Inhibitor TU2218 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFb), with potential antineoplastic and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon oral administration, TGFb inhibitor TU2218 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits TGFb, which prevents both the binding of TGFb to its receptor TGFbR and TGFb-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFb-mediated fibrosis and immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyt… |
TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor GFH018 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TGFbR1 inhibitor GFH018 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cel… |
TGF-beta Receptor 1 Inhibitor PF-06952229 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TGF-betaR1 inhibitor PF-06952229 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor… |
TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor SH3051 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like kinase 5; ALK5), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, TGFbR1 inhibitor SH3051 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME… |
TGF-beta Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitor YL-13027 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 (TGFbR1; activin receptor-like kinase 5; ALK5), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, TGF-betaR1 inhibitor YL-13027 specifically targets and binds to TGFbR1, which prevents TGFbR1-mediated signal transduction. This abrogates TGFbR1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cyto… |
TGFbeta Receptor Ectodomain-IgG Fc Fusion Protein BMS-986416 |
A fusion protein composed of the ectodomain of the transforming growth factor (TGF) beta (TGF-beta; TGFb) receptor fused to the human immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc domain, with potential antineoplastic, immunomodulating and anti-fibrotic activities. Upon administration of the TGFb receptor ectodomain-IgG Fc fusion protein BMS-986416, the fusion protein specifically and selectively targets, binds to and neutralizes the TGF ligands TGF-beta isoform 1 (TGFb1) and 3 (TGFb3). This prevents TGF ligands… |
TGF-beta-15 Peptide Vaccine |
A vaccine composed of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGFb)-derived peptide TGF-beta-15 combined with the immunoadjuvant montanide ISA-51, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TGF-beta-15 peptide vaccine may activate TGF-beta-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells and stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against TGF-beta-expressing immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), inc… |
TGF-beta2 Antisense Oligonucleotide TASO-001 |
A transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASO), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TGF-beta2 ASO TASO-001 binds to TGF-beta2 mRNA causing inhibition of protein translation. This decreases TGF-beta2 levels, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth and migration, and tumor angiogenesis. TGF-beta2, a cytokine overexpressed in various malignancies, may play an important role in promoting the growth, progression, and … |
TGF-beta-Resistant LMP-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes |
A preparation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-resistant cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) reactive to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane proteins 1 and 2 (LMP 1 and 2) with potential antineoplastic activity. T lymphocytes are transduced with a retroviral vector expressing the dominant-negative mutant type II TGF-beta receptor, which blocks signaling by all three TGF-beta isoforms. These TGF-beta-resistant T-lymphocytes are exposed ex-vivo to dendritic cells (DCs) transfected w… |
Thalicarpine |
A natural aporphine benzylisoquinoline vinca alkaloid with antineoplastic activity. Thalicarpine binds to and inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump. Thalicarpine also induces single-strand breaks in DNA and arrests cancer cells at the G2/M and G1 phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
Thalidomide |
A synthetic derivative of glutamic acid (alpha-phthalimido-glutarimide) with teratogenic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties. Thalidomide acts primarily by inhibiting both the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in stimulated peripheral monocytes and the activities of interleukins and interferons. This agent also inhibits polymorphonuclear chemotaxis and monocyte phagocytosis. In addition, thalidomide inhibits pro-angiogenic factors such as… |
Theramide |
A lipophilic disaccharide derivative of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) with strong immunostimulating activity and used as a vaccine adjuvant. MDP, a component of bacterial cell wall, is the minimum chemical structure required for macrophage activation. Due to MDP’s toxicity and short duration of action, theramide was developed with improved stability, and can be administered without a liposome carrier. Theramide stimulates macrophage activity, which in turn potentiates other immune responses, includ… |
Therapeutic Autologous Dendritic Cells |
A population of a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC), the dendritic cell (DC), harvested from a patient and grown in vitro in the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) derived from the patient’s tumor (a technique known as ‘pulsing’) and then injected back into the patient; autologous DCs so manipulated may stimulate a specific cell-mediated antitumoral cytotoxicity. DCs derived from a patient may also be fused with the patient’s tumor cells in vitro to combine sustained tumor antig… |
Therapeutic Bacterial Strain CJRB-101 |
A live bacterial strain, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the therapeutic bacterial strain CJRB-101, the bacteria activates M1 macrophage and induces repolarization of M2 macrophages. This increases C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9) and 10 (CXCL10)-expressing M1 macrophages and induces a shift from M2 to M1 macrophage dominance in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This stimulates the recruitment of other immune cells, increases the populatio… |
Therapeutic Breast/Ovarian/Prostate Peptide Cancer Vaccine DPX-0907 |
A lipid-based multi-peptide cancer vaccine targeted against multiple cancers with immunopotentiating activity. Therapeutic breast/ovarian/prostate peptide cancer vaccine DPX-0907 is a lyophilized liposomal proprietary preparation comprised of 7 tumor-specific HLA-A2-restricted epitopes (TAAs): Topoisomerase II alpha, B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (CDM protein), TNF-alpha-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), Abelson homolog 2 (Abl2), gamma catenin (Junction plakoglobin), epithelial discoid… |
Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine ATP128 |
A self-adjuvanted chimeric recombinant protein vaccine, based on the self-adjuvanting KISIMA immunization platform, composed of three components: the 42 residue fragment Z12, a cell penetrating peptide (CPP) derived from the ZEBRA protein transduction domain, a toll-like receptor (TLR) peptide agonist as an adjuvant and a chimeric cargo, a multiple antigenic domain (MAD; MultiE), that contains an as of yet not disclosed amount of major histocompatibility class (MHC)-restricted peptides derive… |
Therapeutic Dendritic Cells/Cytokine-induced Killer Cells |
A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DC) mixed with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells (DC-CIK), with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. DCs were obtained ex vivo by incubation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulating factor (GM-CSF or CSF2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin (IL)-24 and were sensitized with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are immu… |
Therapeutic Ex Vivo-expanded Allogeneic gamma delta T-cells |
An off-the-shelf preparation of a subset of therapeutic, ex vivo-expanded, allogeneic T-lymphocytes that express only gamma chain and delta chain T-cell receptors (TCRs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the therapeutic ex vivo-expanded allogeneic gamma delta T-cells, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g) and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CT… |
Therapeutic Ex-vivo-treated Autologous Central Memory T Cells |
A preparation of autologous ex-vivo treated central memory T (Tcm) cells with potential immunostimulatory activity. Upon isolation and ex-vivo treatment through as an of yet not elucidated method, the therapeutic ex-vivo-treated autologous Tcm cells, upon reintroduction into the patient, can activate an antitumor immune response which may eradicate tumor cells. |
Therapeutic gamma delta T-lymphocytes |
A subset of therapeutic autologous T-lymphocytes that express a T-cell receptor (TCR) composed of one gamma chain and one delta chain, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the therapeutic gamma delta T-lymphocytes, these cells secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-g), and exert direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, these cells activate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells. Gamma delta T-lymphocyte… |
Therapeutic Invariant Natural Killer T-cells |
A preparation of natural killer T-cells (NKTs) expressing an invariant (alpha, beta) T-cell receptor (iNKTs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon infusion of the therapeutic iNKTs, these cells recognize CD1d-restricted lipid ligands, which are expressed on certain tumor cells, and secrete large amounts of various cytokines. This may activate the immune system against tumor cells. Additionally, iNKTs directly target and lyse tumor cells. |
Therapeutic Liver Cancer Peptide Vaccine IMA970A |
An off-the-shelf hepatocellular cancer (HCC) multi-peptide-based therapeutic vaccine composed of sixteen peptides derived from tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) expressed by hepatic tumor cells, of which seven are restricted to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 (HLA-A02), five to HLA-A24 and four to HLA class II, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of the therapeutic liver cancer peptide vaccine IMA970A, the liver-specific peptides in… |
Therapeutic Prostate Cancer Peptide Vaccine TENDU |
A peptide cancer vaccine, based on the tetanus-epitope targeting (TET)-platform, composed of as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that are specific for prostate cancer and a tetanus-based vaccine adjuvant in the same molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, therapeutic prostate cancer peptide vaccine TENDU may stimulate a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against prostate cancer cells that express these T… |
Therapeutic Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of cells, consisting of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, that are manipulated in vitro and, upon administration in vivo, re-infiltrate the tumor to initiate tumor cell lysis. In vitro, therapeutic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are isolated from tumor tissue and cultured with lymphokines such as interleukin-2; the therapeutic TILs are then infused into the patient, where, after re-infiltration of the tumor, they may induce lysis of tumor cells and tumor regressi… |
Thiarabine |
A analog of antimetabolite cytarabine (ara-C), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiarabine (T-araC) is phosphorylated to the triphosphate form T-araCTP and competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. This results in an inhibition of DNA replication and RNA synthesis, chain termination and may eventually decrease tumor cell proliferation. Compared to ara-C, T-araC appears to have a longer half-life and has a higher efficacy. |
Thiodiglycol |
A hydrolysis product of mustard gas, an alkylating agent, with antineoplastic activity. |
Thioguanine |
A synthetic guanosine analogue antimetabolite. Phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, thioguanine incorporates into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase, thereby inhibiting purine synthesis. (NCI04) |
Thioguanine Anhydrous |
The anhydrous salt form of thioguanine, a synthetic guanosine analogue antimetabolite, with antineoplastic activity. Thioguanine is phosphorylated by hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase to 6-thioguanylic acid (TGMP) and upon conversion to thioguanosine diphosphate (TGDP) and thioguanosine triphosphate (TGTP), this agent is incorporated into DNA and RNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cell death. This agent also inhibits glutamine-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate … |
Thioinosine |
A sulfhydryl analog of inosine and an antimetabolite with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties. Thioinosine interferes with de novo purine synthesis and perturbs the pool of nucleotides necessary for DNA replication. As a result, this agent inhibits DNA synthesis, blocks cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis. |
Thioredoxin-1 Inhibitor PX-12 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Thioredoxin-1 inhibitor PX-12 irreversibly binds to thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) and inhibits its activity, which may result in growth inhibition and the induction of apoptosis. Overexpressed in many cancer cell types, the low molecular weight redox protein Trx-1 regulates transcription factor activity and inhibits apoptosis, promoting cell growth and survival; it also interacts with growth factors extracellularly to stimu… |
Thiostrepton |
A naturally-occurring, sulfur-rich, cyclic oligopeptide antibiotic of the thiopeptide class, and an irreversible inhibitor of the mitochondrial thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase (peroxiredoxin-3; PRX3; antioxidant protein 1; AOP-1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intrapleural administration, thiostrepton irreversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of PRX3. This inhibits the peroxidase activity of the thioredoxin reductase 2 (TXNRD2)-thioredoxin-2 (TRX2)-PRX3 antioxida… |
Thiotepa |
A polyfunctional, organophosphorus alkylating agent and a stable derivative of N,N’,N’’-triethylenephosphoramide (TEPA), with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, thiotepa is converted into highly reactive ethylenimine groups, which covalently bind to nucleophilic groups in DNA and demonstrate a preference for the N7 position of guanine bases. This induces crosslinking of alkylated guanine bases in double-stranded DNA, interferes with both DNA replication and cell division, and resul… |
Thioureidobutyronitrile |
A water-soluble, small molecule and activator of the tumor suppressor protein p53, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, thioureidobutyronitrile activates p53 which in turn induces the expressions of p21 and PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis), thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth and causing tumor cell apoptosis. Thioureidobutyronitrile may be effective in drug-resistant cancers with mutated p53. p53 tumor suppressor, a transcription factor regu… |
THL-P |
A proprietary, oral Chinese medicinal herb preparation with potential antioxidant, immunomodulating, and antineoplastic activities. THL-P (Tien-Hsien Liquid-P) contains fourteen Chinese medicinal herbs including: Cordyceps sinensis, Oldenlandia diffusa, Indigo pulverata levis, Polyporus umbellatus, Radix astragali, Panax ginseng, Solanum nigrum L., Pogostemon cablin, Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma, Trichosanthes radix, Clematis radix, Margarite, Ligustrum lucidum Ait and Glycyrrhiza radix… |
Thorium Th 227 Anetumab Corixetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of anetumab, a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface glycoprotein mesothelin, conjugated to the chelating agent corixetan, and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of thorium Th 227 anetumab corixetan, the anetumab moiety binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) mesothelin, delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha radiation to cell… |
Thorium Th 227 Pelgifatamab Corixetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of pelgifatamab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), conjugated to the chelator corixetan, and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of thorium Th 227 pelgifatamab corixetan, the pelgifatamab moiety targets and specifically binds to PSMA on tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha r… |
Thorium Th 227 Trastuzumab Corixetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2), conjugated to the chelating agent corixetan, and labeled with the alpha-emitting radioisotope thorium Th 227, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of thorium Th 227 trastuzumab corixetan, the trastuzumab moiety targets and specifically binds to HER2 on tumor cells, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of alpha ra… |
Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor CX1106 |
A thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TS inhibitor CX1106 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), an essential precursor for DNA synthesis, and plays a key role in cell growth and division. |
Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor DFP-11207 |
An orally available thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, DFP-11207 binds to and inhibits TS. This reduces thymine nucleotide synthesis, inhibits DNA synthesis and cell division, causes DNA damage and leads to tumor cell apoptosis. TS catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP). |
Thymopentin |
A synthetic pentapeptide which is the active site of the naturally occurring hormone thymopoietin with immunomodulating properties. Thymopentin enhances the production of thymic T cells and may help restore immunocompetence in immunosuppressed subjects. This agent also augments the effects of ionizing radiation by arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. (NCI04) |
Thyrointegrin AlphaVBeta3 Antagonist fb-PMT |
A fluorobenzyl polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated to tetraiodothyroacetic acid that targets the thyrointegrin alphaVbeta3, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the thyrointegrin alphaVbeta3 antagonist fb-PMT targets and binds to alphaVbeta3 integrin. This results in the inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis. The mechanism of actions (MOAs) through which fb-PMT exerts its actions may be more complex and may be through multiple signaling pathways. AlphaVbeta3 integ… |
Tiazofurin |
A synthetic nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic activity. Tiazofurin (TR) is anabolized intracellularly to an analogue of NAD, tiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a potent inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH); IMPDH is the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo purine synthesis. Inhibition of IMPDH results in reduced levels of guanylates, resulting in the inhibition tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. (NCI04) |
Tidutamab |
A humanized, Fc domain-containing, bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen, and somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expressed on certain cancer cells, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tidutamab binds to both T-cells and SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The resulting cross-linkage may trigger a potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the SSTR2-expressing cancer cells. The inclusion of an F… |
Tifcemalimab |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G4 kappa (IgG4k) monoclonal antibody directed against B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous infusion administration, tifcemalimab targets and binds to BTLA. This prevents BTLA-mediated inhibition of T-cell activation leading to antigen specific T-cell proliferation and activation of a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. BTLA, an immunog… |
Tigapotide |
A synthetic 15-mer peptide corresponding to amino acids 31-45 of the 94-amino acid isoform of human prostate secretory protein (PSP-94) with potential anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis activities. PSP-94-derived peptide PCK3145 may inhibit the secretion of the metastasis-related protein matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its potential binding to its cell surface receptor CD44; may interfere with the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway, resulting in an anti-angi… |
Tigatuzumab |
A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody directed against human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) with potential antitumor activity. Mimicking the natural receptor ligand TRAIL, tigatuzumab binds to TRAIL-R2, activating signal transduction pathways that may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a reduction in tumor growth. A member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, TRAIL-R2, also known as DR5 (death receptor 5), is expressed on the s… |
Tigilanol Tiglate |
A short-chain diterpene ester isolated from the seed of Fontainea picrosperma, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intratumoral administration, tigilanol tiglate disrupts mitochondrial functioning and induces mitochondrial swelling, which leads to oncolysis of tumor cells that are in direct contact of the agent. In addition, tigilanol tiglate activates protein kinase C (PKC) signaling cascade, which leads to an acute inflammatory response. This results in hypoxia and activates innate… |
TIGIT/PD-L1 Inhibitor AUR-106 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT) and the immunosuppressive ligand programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1; PDL1; cluster of differentiation 274; CD274), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, TIGIT/PD-L1 inhibitor AUR-106 simultaneously … |
Tigozertinib |
A fourth-generation, orally bioavailable, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tigozertinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR with C797S triple mutations including ex19del/T790M/C797S and L858R/T790M/C797S, thereby preventing EGFR-mediated signaling. This may both induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase muta… |
TIL 1383I T Cell Receptor-Transduced Autologous T Cells |
Autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes-derived T cells transduced with a retroviral encoding TIL 1383I, a T cell receptor (TCR) specific for melanoma antigen tyrosinase, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. After transduction, expansion in culture, and reintroduction into the patient, TIL 1383I TCR-transduced autologous T cells bind to tumor cells expressing tyrosinase, which may induce cytokine expression, activation and proliferation of T-cells, and a specific cyto… |
Tilarginine |
A pan-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tilarginine binds to and inhibits NOS, a free radical signaling molecule that promotes angiogenesis, metastasis, and immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Reduction in NOS activity may abrogate the immunosuppressive TME, enhance tumor antigen-specific immune response and inhibit tumor cell proliferation. |
Tilatamig Samrotecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a tilatamig, a bispecific antibody targeting both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR; c-Met) and conjugated to a topoisomerase-1 inhibitor (TOP1i), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tilatamig samrotecan simultaneously targets and binds to the extracellular domains of wild-type (WT) or certain mutant forms of both EGFR and c-Met expressed on cancer cells. Upon binding and in… |
Tilogotamab |
An agonistic hexamer formation-enhanced mixture of two antibodies (HexaBody) that target two separate epitopes on death receptor type 5 (DR5; TNFRSF10B; tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2; TRAILR2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tilogotamab specifically binds to and activates DR5. This results in the activation of caspase cascades and the induction of apoptosis in DR5-expressing tumor cells. DR5, a cell surface receptor and member… |
Tilsotolimod Sodium |
The sodium salt form of tilsotolimod, a proprietary synthetic oligonucleotide-based agonist of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, tilsotolimod binds to and activates TLR9 expressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and B-cells. This initiates immune signaling pathways, activates B-cells and pDCs, and induces a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. TLR9 is a member of the TLR family, which plays… |
Tilvestamab |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 monoclonal antibody directed against AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL; UFO), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tilvestamab targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of AXL, which is expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cancer cell types. This prevents AXL-mediated signaling, and may inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. AXL, a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MER) family of recept… |
Timdarpacept |
A recombinant fusion protein composed of human signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRP-alpha; SIRPa; CD172a) linked to an Fc domain derived from human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, timdarpacept selectively targets and binds to CD47 expressed on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with endogenous SIRPa, an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (D… |
Timonacic |
A cyclic sulfur amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic and antioxidant activities. Acting on cellular membranes of malignant cells through an unknown mechanism, timonacic may induce malignant cells to revert back to an untransformed state. This agent may also restore contact inhibition, a phenomenon characterized by the paracrine inhibition of mitosis following the formation of a critical cell mass, presumably the result of cell-to-cell signal transfer. Timonacic may also produce… |
Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin |
A synthetic purpurin with photosensitizing activity. Tin ethyl etiopurpurin preferentially accumulates in tumor cells due to an increased rate of metabolism. Upon exposure to a light source, this agent absorbs light, forming an extended high energy conformational state that produces high quantum yields of singlet oxygen with local cytotoxic effects. (NCI04) |
Tinengotinib |
An orally available small molecule inhibitor of Aurora kinases (AKs) A and B, Janus kinases (JAKs), fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. Upon oral administration, tinengotinib selectively binds to and inhibits AKs A and B, which inhibit cell division in tumor cells that overexpress AKs. Tinengotinib also targets JAKs that are involved in cytokine signaling and inflam… |
Tinlorafenib |
An inhibitor of the BRAF (B-raf) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tinlorafenib selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BRAF, which may inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells expressing a mutated BRAF gene. BRAF, a serine/threonine protein kinase, plays a key role in regulating the MAP kinase/ERKs signaling pathway, which may be constitutively activated due to BRAF gene mutations. Tinlorafenib may penetrate the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). |
Tinodasertib |
A selective mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting protein kinase (MNK) types 1/2 inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tinodasertib may inhibit MNK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and interfere with its role in mRNA translation. eIF4E is an oncoprotein that must be phosphorylated before it can promote the proliferation and progression of tumor cells. MNKs are a family of serine/threonine kinases that have b… |
Tinostamustine |
An alkylating histone-deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) fusion molecule composed of the alkylating agent bendamustine fused to the pan-HDACi vorinostat, with potential bi-functional antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of tinostamustine the vorinostat moiety targets and binds to HDACs. This leads to an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, which results in an induction of chromatin remodeling, a modulation of gene expression, an inhibition of tumor cell division and the induction of… |
Tinurilimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the immune checkpoint regulator carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6; CEACAM-6; CD66c), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration,tinurilimab targets, binds to and blocks the activity of CEACAM6 expressed on various tumor and immune cells, including T-cells. Blocking CEACAM6 signaling abrogates effector T-cell inhibition, activates antigen-specific T-lymphocytes,… |
Tinzaparin Sodium |
The sodium salt of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), obtained by controlled enzymatic depolymerization of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa, with antithrombotic properties. Tinzaparin is a potent inhibitor of several activated coagulation factors, especially Factors Xa and IIa (thrombin); its primary activity is mediated through the plasma protease inhibitor antithrombin. In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through: 1) competitive binding of the heparin-binding sites o… |
Tiomolibdate Choline |
An orally active second generation tetrathiomolybdate analog with anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Tiomolibdate choline selectively chelates the copper ion in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in endothelial cells, thereby depleting SOD1 of copper and inhibiting its activity. Inhibition of SOD1 interferes with the activation of several signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis, including those mediated by ERK1/2 and FAK and Src kinases. This r… |
Tiomolibdate Diammonium |
An ammonium salt with potential antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. Tetrathiomolybdate has been found to deplete systemic copper reserves through an unknown mechanism. This agent has been shown to inhibit the activities of cuproenzymes, including superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which may contribute to its antiangiogenic and antitumor effects. |
Tipapkinogene Sovacivec |
A cancer vaccine comprised of a modified, replication-defective, vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strain encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) subtypes E6 and E7, and human interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Vaccination with tipapkinogene sovacivec stimulates the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7, resulting in tumor cell ly… |
Tipifarnib |
A nonpeptidomimetic quinolinone with potential antineoplastic activity. Tipifarnib binds to and inhibits the enzyme farnesyl protein transferase, an enzyme involved in protein processing (farnesylation) for signal transduction. By inhibiting the farnesylation of proteins, this agent prevents the activation of Ras oncogenes, inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and inhibits angiogenesis. (NCI04) |
Tirabrutinib |
An orally available formulation containing an inhibitor of Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tirabrutinib covalently binds to BTK within B cells, thereby preventing B cell receptor signaling and impeding B cell development. As a result, this agent may inhibit the proliferation of B cell malignancies. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte dev… |
Tiragolumab |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory activity. Upon administration, tiragolumab binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliov… |
Tirapazamine |
A benzotriazine di-N-oxide with potential antineoplastic activity. Tirapazamine is selectively activated by multiple reductases to form free radicals in hypoxic cells, thereby inducing single-and double-strand breaks in DNA, base damage, and cell death. This agent also sensitizes hypoxic cells to ionizing radiation and inhibits the repair of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks via inhibition of topoisomerase II. (NCI04) |
Tirbanibulin |
An orally bioavailable small molecule Src kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, tirbanibulin specifically binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase; inhibition of kinase activity may result in the inhibition of primary tumor growth and the suppression of metastasis. Src tyrosine kinases are upregulated in many tumor cells and play important roles in tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. |
Tisagenlecleucel |
Autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a modified lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 scFv (single chain variable fragment) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta), coupled to the signaling domain of 4-1BB (CD137), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon transfusion, tisagenlecleucel directs the T-lymphocytes to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing a selective toxicity in CD19-expressing … |
Tislelizumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tislelizumab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the ac… |
Tisotumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of tisotumab, a monoclonal antibody against human tissue factor (TF) covalently coupled, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antiangiogenic, anticoagulant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of tisotumab vedotin, the tisotumab moiety binds to cell surface TF and is internalized. Tisotumab binds to factor VIIa (FVIIa)… |
Tivantinib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of c-Met with potential antineoplastic activity. c-Met inhibitor ARQ 197 binds to the c-Met protein and disrupts c-Met signal transduction pathways, which may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein, the product of the proto-oncogene c-Met, is a receptor tyrosine kinase also known as hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR); this protein is overexpressed or… |
Tivozanib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1, 2 and 3 with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Tivozanib binds to and inhibits VEGFRs 1, 2 and 3, which may result in the inhibition of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell death. VEGFR tyrosine kinases, frequently overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types, play a key role in angiogenesis. |
Tivumecirnon |
An orally available, small molecule antagonist of C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tivumecirnon inhibits the binding of CCR4 to its signaling molecules, thereby blocking the recruitment of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME). This may abrogate the immunosuppressive effects of Tregs and promote an effective anti-tumor immune response. CCR4, a chemokine receptor normally expre… |
Tizaterkib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 (ERK1) and 2 (ERK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tizaterkib specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the serine/threonine-protein kinases ERK1 and ERK2, thereby preventing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 substrates and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dep… |
TLC ELL-12 |
A liposomal formulation of the ether lipid 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine with potential antineoplastic activity. TLC ELL-12 induces tumor cell apoptosis via mitochondria- and caspase-mediated mechanisms. Liposomal encapsulation reduces the free agent’s hemolytic toxicity. (NCI04) |
TLR Agonist BSG-001 |
A toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon inhalation, TLR agonist BSG-001 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation, secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa), production of proinflammatory cytokines, upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses, T-cell proliferation and a T-helper 1 (Th1) immune response. TLRs a… |
TLR Agonist CADI-05 |
A poly-Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist polyantigenic vaccine containing heat killed Mycobacterium indicus pranii (Mycobacterium w or Mw) with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, poly-TLR agonist polyantigenic vaccine activates a number of TLRs, which may result in macrophage and plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) stimulation; secretion of interferon alpha; production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, enhanced T… |
TLR Agonist Decoy20 |
A multi-targeted toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TLR agonist Decoy20 activates one or more not yet disclosed TLRs expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which results in their stimulation, the production of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules. This may lead to enhanced T- and B-cell stimulatory responses… |
TLR1/2 Agonist Pam3Cys-GDPKHPKSF |
A vaccine adjuvant and synthetic Toll-like receptor (TLR) type 1 and 2 ligand composed of a lipopeptide containing a water-soluble derivative of Pam3-Cys, the biologically active component of the mycobacterial 19 kDa lipoprotein of mycobacteria, that is covalently linked to a synthetic peptide (GDPKHPKSF), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, TLR1/2 agonist Pam3Cys-GDPKHPKSF targets, binds to and activates TLR1/2, which induces CD8- and T-helper 1 CD4-positive T-cel… |
TLR7 Agonist 852A |
A synthetic imidazoquinoline Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. TLR7 agonist 852A binds to and activates TLR7, thereby stimulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) through the TLR7-MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. Activation of pDC results in secretion of interferon alpha, the production of proimflammatory cytokines, the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, and enhanced T and B-cell stimulatory responses. |
TLR7 Agonist APR003 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule Toll-Like Receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon oral administration, TLR7 agonist APR003 targets, binds to and activates TLR7, thereby stimulating dendritic cells (DCs) and enhancing natural killer cell (NK) cytotoxicity. This activation results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including interferon alpha, and enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, w… |
TLR7 agonist BNT411 |
A Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, TLR7 agonist BNT411 binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells including natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. |
TLR7 Agonist CAN1012 |
A Toll-like receptor type 7 (TLR 7) agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration, TLR7 agonist CAN1012 targets, binds to and activates TLR7, thereby activating TLR7-mediated pathways. This stimulates the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and B… |
TLR7 Agonist JNJ-64794964 |
An orally bioavailable Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist, with potential immunostimulating, antiviral and antitumor activities. Upon oral administration, TLR7 agonist JNJ-64794964 specifically targets, binds to and activates TLR7. This triggers anti-viral and anti-tumor activities through the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8-positive T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells including natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, secretion of interferon alpha (IFNa), and the prod… |
TLR7 Agonist LHC165 |
A benzonapthyridine Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist that is adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide with immunostimulating and potential antitumor activities. Upon intratumoral administration of TLR7 agonist LHC165, the agent is slowly released and targets, binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, the blockage of the suppressive function of regulatory T cells (… |
TLR7 Agonist RO7119929 |
An orally bioavailable Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon oral administration, TLR7 agonist RO7119929 targets, binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger the activation of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8-positive T cells, B cells, and innate immune cells including natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages, and may induce the production of cytokines including interferon alpha (IFNa), leading to antitumor activity. TLR7 is a … |
TLR7 Agonist SHR2150 |
A Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonist with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TLR7 agonist SHR2150 targets, binds to and activates TLR7. This may trigger, in addition to other possible responses, the activation of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B cells, and activate cluster of differentiation (CD) 8+ T-cells. This may induce anti-tumor immune responses. TLR7 is a member of the TLR family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognitio… |
TLR7/8 Agonist INI-4001 |
A lipidated toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR 7/8) agonist, with potential immunoadjuvating, immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, TLR7/8 agonist INI-4001 targets, binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby activating TLR7/8-mediated pathways. This stimulates the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of cytotoxic T-… |
TLR-Directed Cationic Lipid-DNA Complex JVRS-100 |
A cationic lipid DNA complex (CLDC) consisting of DOTIM/cholesterol liposomes and plasmid DNA, containing immunostimulatory CpG and non-CpG motifs, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon systemic administration, TLR-directed cationic lipid-DNA complex JVRS-100 enters dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages; immunostimulatory DNA binds to and activates Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which may result in the generation of anti-tumor natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell re… |
TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing Autologous T Cells |
A mixed preparation of allogeneic T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express either a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the antigen transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) (CART-TM4SF1) or a CAR specific for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) (CART-EpCAM), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the TM4SF1-CAR/EpCAM-CAR-expressing autologous T cells, the TM4SF1-CAR-expressing autologous T-cells specifica… |
Tn(c)-KLH Conjugate Vaccine |
A vaccine containing a clustered pancarcinoma carbohydrate antigen conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (Tn) is a monosaccharide usually O-linked to serine or threonine residues of mucins found on most epithelial cancers with the highest expression on prostate cancer. This vaccine contains the Tn epitope cluster (c) that is synthesized by linking 3 copies of the Tn epitope on a threonine backbone to achieve the ess… |
TNF Transduced TIL |
A preparation of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) that have been transduced with a retroviral vector encoding the gene for tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine with anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic activity. Following genetic modification, the lymphocytes are returned to the patient, infiltrate the tumor site, and deliver TNF directly to the tumor site, thereby exerting a specific antitumor effect, and avoiding TNF-related systemic toxicity. (NCI04) |
TNFalpha/IL-2-encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus TILT-123 |
A genetically-engineered, replication competent, oncolytic serotype 5/3 capsid-modified adenovirus and encoding for the T-cell immunostimulatory cytokines tumor nerosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential oncolytic and immunostimulating activities. Upon administration of TNFalpha/IL-2-encoding oncolytic adenovirus TILT-123, the oncolytic adenovirus binds to specific Ad3 receptors that are highly expressed on certain tumor cells and selectively infect and replicat… |
Tobemstomig |
A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tobemstomig targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the PD-1- and LAG-3-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and prolifer… |
Tocilizumab |
A recombinant, humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) with immunosuppressant activity. Tocilizumab targets and binds to both the soluble form of IL-6R (sIL-6R) and the membrane-bound form (mIL-6R), thereby blocking the binding of IL-6 to its receptor. This prevents IL-6-mediated signaling. IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in the regulation of the immune response, is overproduced in autoimmune disorders, certain type… |
Tocladesine |
An antimetabolite and a chlorine derivative of the intracellular secondary messenger, cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP), with potential antineoplastic activity. Tocladesine appears to be converted to 8-chloro-adenosine by phosphodiesterases and subsequently phosphorylated to 8-chloro-ATP, which functions as a purine analogue and competes with ATP in transcription. In addition, generation of 8-chloro-ATP depletes endogenous ATP pool that is essential for many biological reactions in in… |
Tocotrienol |
Any of the four forms, alpha, beta, gamma and delta, of a member of the vitamin E family, with potential hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tocotrienol inhibits the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, thereby lowering cholesterol levels. In addition, tocotrienol acts through multiple signal transduction pathways to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis, and to decrease tumor cel… |
Tocotrienol-rich Fraction |
An orally available nutritional supplement containing high amounts of the vitamin E family member tocotrienol with antioxidant, hypolipidemic and potential immunomodulating and antiproliferative activity. Upon oral administration, tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) accumulates in tumor cells and induces cell cycle arrest, programmed cell death, and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. In addition, this agent suppresses 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase activity and inhibits… |
Tofacitinib Topical Cream |
A topical cream formulation containing the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor tofacitinib, with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon topical administration, tofacitinib binds to JAK and prevents the activation of the JAK-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. This may decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, -7, -15, -21, interferon-alpha (IFN-a) and -beta (IFN-b), and may prevent both an in… |
Tolebrutinib |
An orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective, small molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, tolebrutinib is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibits the activity of BTK both peripherally and in the central nervous system (CNS). This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, and the resulting immune activation and inflammation. The inhi… |
Tolinapant |
An orally bioavailable, non-peptidomimetic antagonist of both X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and cellular IAP 1 (cIAP1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, tolinapant selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of XIAP and cIAP1. This restores and promotes the induction of apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells, and inactivates the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB)-mediated survival pathway. XIAP and cIAP1 are over… |
Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonist BDB018 |
A toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR 7/8) agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antitumor activities. Upon administration, TLR 7/8 agonist BDB018 binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby activating TLR7/8-mediated pathways. This stimulates the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and B-lymphocyte-me… |
Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonist EIK1001 |
A toll-like receptor type 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TLR7/8 agonist EIK1001 targets, binds to and activates TLR7 and 8, thereby activating TLR7/8-mediated pathways. This stimulates the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and B-… |
Tolnidamine |
An indazole carboxylic acid derivative with antispermatogenic and potential antineoplastic activity. As a male contraceptive, tolnidamine may irreversibly inhibit sperm production. This agent is less nephrotoxic than ionidamide, but it is just as effective in antispermatogenic action to ionidamide. |
Tomaralimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against toll-like receptor type 2 (TLR2), with potential anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, tomaralimab binds to the ligand-binding site on the TLR2 receptor and blocks the activation of TLR2-mediated innate immunity signaling. This prevents the TLR2-mediated production of pro-inflammatory mediators and prevents inflammation. TLR2, a member of the TLR family primarily found on leukoc… |
Tomato-Soy Juice |
A juice containing tomato extract and soy protein with potential chemopreventive and antiproliferative activities. Tomato-soy juice contains phytochemicals, including flavonoids, such as the soy isoflavone genistein, and carotenoids, including lycopene. These phytochemicals may exhibit antioxidative activity, antitumor activity by modulating certain tumor-associated signal transduction pathways, and apoptosis-inducing activity. |
Tomivosertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MNK1) and 2 (MNK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tomivosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of MNK1 and 2. This prevents MNK1/2-mediated signaling, and inhibits the phosphorylation of certain regulatory proteins, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), that regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) … |
Topical AKT Inhibitor SM-020 |
A topical gel formulation of an inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (protein kinase B), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon application, the topical AKT inhibitor SM-020 binds to and inhibits the activity of AKT, which may result in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This may lead to the reduction in tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The AKT signaling pathway is associated with tumor cell proliferation, survival and mi… |
Topical Betulinic Acid |
A topical formulation of a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene derivative of betulin (isolated from the bark of Betula alba, the common white birch) with antiinflammatory, anti-HIV and antineoplastic activities. Betulinic acid induces apoptosis through induction of changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, production of reactive oxygen species, and opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, resulting in the release of mitochondrial factors involved in apoptosis, activation of c… |
Topical Celecoxib |
A topical cream formulation containing celecoxib, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), with anti-inflammatory and potential keratolytic, chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, celecoxib selectively binds to and inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 activity (COX-2), which may result in localized keratinocyte apoptosis. The breakdown of keratinocytes prevents their proliferation locally and may reduce tumor cell proliferation. |
Topical Fluorouracil |
A topical formulation containing the antimetabolite 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), with antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 5-FU is converted into the active metabolite 5-fluoroxyuridine monophosphate (F-UMP), which competes with uracil during RNA synthesis and inhibits RNA processing. Conversion of 5-FU into another active metabolite, 5-5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine-5’-O-monophosphate (F-dUMP), inhibits thymidylate synthase; this results in the depletion of thymidine triphosphate (TTP),… |
Topical Gemcitabine Hydrochloride |
A topical preparation of gemcitabine hydrochloride with antineoplastic activity. Gemcitabine, an analogue of the antimetabolite nucleoside deoxycytidine, is converted intracellularly to the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine di- and triphosphate (dFdCDP, dFdCTP). dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, thereby decreasing the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis; dFdCTP is incorporated into DNA, resulting in DNA strand termination and apoptosis. |
Topical Potassium Dobesilate |
A topical formulation composed of an inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration potassium dobesilate selectively binds to and blocks the activity of FGF, interferes with the binding of FGF to FGFR and prevents FGFR-mediated signaling. This inhibits angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and induces cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGF plays a key role in angiogenesis, tumor cell proliferation, survival and… |
Topical Sonidegib |
A topical formulation containing sonidegib, a small-molecule Smoothened (Smo) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical application, sonidegib selectively binds to the Hedgehog (Hh)-ligand cell surface receptor Smo, which may result in the suppression of the Hh signaling pathway and, so, the inhibition of tumor cells in which this pathway is abnormally activated. The Hh signaling pathway plays an important role in cellular growth, differentiation and repair. Inappropria… |
Topical Tirbanibulin |
An ointment containing an inhibitor for both Src tyrosine kinase and tubulin polymerization, with potential antineoplastic activity. Unlike other Src kinase inhibitors which bind to the ATP-binding site, tirbanibulin binds to the peptide substrate binding site of Src kinase, upon topical application. This inhibits both downstream signaling and the proliferation of tumor cells overexpressing Src. Src tyrosine kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase upregulated in many tumor cell types, plays an… |
Topical Trichloroacetic Acid |
A topical solution containing the caustic agent trichloroacetic acid (TCA), with potential keratolytic, anti-viral and antineoplastic activities. Upon topical application to the affected area, TCA causes tissue necrosis through coagulation of proteins, leads to the destruction of human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated warts and inhibits HPV-driven proliferation of cancer cells. |
Topixantrone |
A 9-aza-anthrapyrazole antineoplastic antibiotic. Topixantrone intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. Compared to other DNA intercalators, this agent shows minimal cardiotoxicity. |
Topoisomerase I Inhibitor Genz-644282 |
A non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor Genz-644282 binds to and inhibits the enzyme topoisomerase I, which may result in the inhibition of repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. |
Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP400 |
An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP400 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and app… |
Topoisomerase I Inhibitor LMP776 |
An indenoisoquinoline and non-camptothecin inhibitor of topoisomerase I (Top I) with potential antineoplastic activity. Topoisomerase I inhibitor LMP776 binds to the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent cleavage complexes, and inhibits repair of single-strand DNA breaks, DNA replication, and tumor cell growth in susceptible tumor cell populations. Compared to camptothecins, indenoisoquinolines are chemically stable, produce stable Top I-DNA cleavage complexes, induce unique DNA cleavage sites and app… |
Topoisomerase I/II Inhibitor NEV-801 |
A multi-targeted agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, NEV-801 appears to selectively inhibit topoisomerase (Topo) I and II, and activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) transcription and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA. NEV-801 is also able to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) 1-mediated resistance. |
Topoisomerase-1 Inhibitor LMP744 |
An indenoisoquinoline derivative and topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, LMP744 binds to and stabilizes cleaved DNA-Top1 complexes, which prevents DNA re-ligation, induces stable, irreversible DNA strand breaks, prevents DNA repair, and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. As tumor cells proliferate at a much higher rate than normal cells, LMP744 specifically targets cancer cells. Top1, a DNA modifying enzyme essential for transc… |
Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor Racemic XK469 |
The racemic form of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with antineoplastic properties. XK469R selectively inhibits topoisomerase II by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA intermediates in which topoisomerase subunits are covalently linked to DNA through 5-phosphotyrosyl linkages, thereby interfering with DNA repair and replication, RNA and protein synthesis. This agent possesses unusual solid tumor selectivity and activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cells. XK469R is more … |
Topoisomerase-II-beta Inhibitor Racemic XK469 |
The R-isomer of a synthetic quinoxaline phenoxypropionic acid derivative with proapoptotic and antiproliferative activities. R(+)XK469 selectively inhibits topoisomerase II-beta, blocks activation of MEK/MAPK signaling kinases, stimulates caspases, and upregulates p53-dependent proteins, including cyclins A and B1, thereby arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Both R(+) and S(-) isomers of this agent are cytotoxic, although the R-isomer is more potent. (NCI05) |
Topotecan |
A semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin, a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminata. Topotecan inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when encountered by the DNA replication machinery. |
Topotecan Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin with antineoplastic activity. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-mediated single-strand DNA breaks and producing potentially lethal double-strand DNA breaks when complexes are encountered by the DNA replication machinery. Camptothecin is a cytotoxic quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Campto… |
Topotecan Hydrochloride Liposomes |
The hydrochloride salt of a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin mixed with sphingomyelin/cholesterol and sonicated to form small unilamellar vesicles containing topotecan, with potential antineoplastic activity. Topotecan hydrochloride liposomes mediates efficient drug delivery of topotecan into the cytosol from the endosome compartment. During the S phase of the cell cycle, topotecan selectively stabilizes topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes, inhibiting religation of topoisomerase I-… |
Topotecan Sustained-release Episcleral Plaque |
An episcleral plaque containing sustained-release (SR) topotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin and a cytotoxic, quinoline-based alkaloid extracted from the Asian tree Camptotheca acuminate, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon local application of the topotecan SR episcleral plaque to the eye, topotecan is released in a sustained manner and inhibits topoisomerase I activity by stabilizing the topoisomerase I-DNA covalent complexes during S phase of cell cycle, thereby in… |
Topsalysin |
A targeted prodrug consisting of a recombinant modified form of the Aeromonas protoxin, proaerolysin (PA), bearing a prostate-specific protease cleavage site, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected directly into the prostate, topsalysin is hydrolyzed to the active toxin aerolysin by the serine protease prostate specific antigen (PSA), a protein overexpressed by prostate cancers and prostate cells in hyperplastic prostatic tissue. Aerolysin molecules then oligomerize to form rin… |
TORC1/2 Kinase Inhibitor DS-3078a |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of raptor-mTOR protein complex (TORC1) and rictor-mTOR protein complex (TORC2) with potential antineoplastic activity. TORC1/2 inhibitor DS-3078a binds to and inhibits both TORC1 and TORC2, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. TORC1 and 2 are upregulated in some tumors and play an important role in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which is frequently dysregulated in human cancers. |
Toremifene |
A nonsteroidal triphenylethylene antiestrogen. Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which are manifested according to tissue type or species. (NCI04) |
Toremifene Citrate |
The citrate salt of a nonsteroidal triphenylethylene antiestrogen. Chemically related to tamoxifen, toremifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). This agent binds competitively to estrogen receptors, thereby interfering with estrogen activity. Toremifene also has intrinsic estrogenic properties, which is manifested depending on the tissue or species. (NCI04) |
Toripalimab |
A humanized immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor programmed cell death 1 (programmed death-1; PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, toripalimab binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to its ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. … |
Tosedostat |
A proprietary orally bioavailable inhibitor of the M1 family of aminopeptidases with potential antineoplastic activity. Aminopeptidase inhibitor CHR-2797 is converted intracellularly into a poorly membrane-permeable active metabolite (CHR-79888) which inhibits the M1 family of aminopeptidases, particularly puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PuSA), and leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase; inhibition of these aminopeptidases in tumor cells may result in amino acid deprivation, inhibition of protei… |
Tositumomab |
A murine IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen, found on the surface of B-cells. Tositumomab binds to the CD20 surface membrane antigen, resulting in apoptosis, and may stimulate antitumoral cell-mediated and/or antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. (NCI04) |
Total Tumor mRNA-pulsed Tumor-specific Ex vivo-expanded Autologous Lymphocyte Transfer Cells |
A preparation of ex vivo expanded, autologous lymphocyte transfer cells (xALTs) that are loaded with total tumor RNA (TTRNA) derived from autologous tumor cells, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon re-infusion of the TTRNA-loaded ALTs into the patient, these ALTs may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by the TTRNA. |
Total Tumor RNA-loaded Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells (DCs) that are loaded with total tumor RNA (TTRNA) from a specific tumor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TTRNA-loaded DC vaccine may elicit a highly specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) encoded by the TTRNA. |
Tovecimig |
A bispecific antibody targeting Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tovecimig simultaneously targets, binds to and blocks DLL4 and VEGF-A. This prevents the activation of DLL-4/Notch- and VEGF-A/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-mediated signaling pathways, which play key roles in angiogenesis and tumor vascularization. This prevents angiogenesis and may halt tumor cell proliferat… |
Tovetumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha with potential antineoplastic activity. Tovetumab inhibits activation of the cell-surface tyrosine kinase PDGFR alpha subunit and subsequent triggering of mitogenic signaling pathways, including the JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, and MAP kinase pathways. PDGFR alpha acts as a mitogenic signaling receptor for cells of mesenchymal origin and inhibition of receptor activity may inhibit tumor cell prol… |
Tovorafenib |
An orally available inhibitor of wild-type and certain mutant forms of A-Raf, B-Raf and C-Raf protein kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tovorafenib inhibits Raf-mediated signal transduction pathways, which may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell growth. Raf protein kinases play a key role in the RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is often deregulated in human cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and survival. |
Tozasertib Lactate |
The lactate salt of tozasertib, a synthetic, small-molecule Aurora kinase inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. Tozasertib binds to and inhibits Aurora kinases (AKs), thereby inducing apoptosis in tumor cells in which AKs are overexpressed. AKs, a family of serine-threonine kinases, are essential for mitotic progression, spindle formation, centrosome maturation, chromosomal segregation, and cytokinesis. |
TP40 Immunotoxin |
A chimeric fusion protein containing human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-a) covalently linked to a truncated form of the bacterial toxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A, PE40, with potential antitumor activity. PE40 lacks the cell-binding domain, but retains domains II and III that are involved in membrane translocation and inhibition of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. TGF-a moiety of the TP40 immunotoxin binds to and activates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a tyrosine kinase … |
Trabectedin |
A tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the marine tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinata with potential antineoplastic activity. Binding to the minor groove of DNA, trabectedin interferes with the transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair machinery to induce lethal DNA strand breaks and blocks the cell cycle in the G2 phase. |
Trabedersen |
A transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2 specific phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide with the sequence 5’-CGGCATGTCTATTTTGTA-3’, with potential antineoplastic activity. Trebedersen binds to TGF-beta2 mRNA causing inhibition of protein translation, thereby decreasing TGF-beta2 protein levels; decreasing intratumoral TGF-beta2 levels may result in the inhibition of tumor cell growth and migration, and tumor angiogenesis. TGF-beta2, a cytokine often over-expressed in various maligna… |
TRAC Locus Integrated Anti-CD19 19(T2)28z1xx CAR-T Cells |
A preparation of T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, linked to the co-stimulatory intracellular signaling domains of CD28 and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CD28zeta; CD28z), and inserted into the T-cell receptor alpha constant (TRAC) locus, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the TRAC locus integrated anti-CD19 19(T2… |
Trained Immunity Natural Killer Cells IBR900 |
A preparation of trained immunity natural killer (tiNK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tiNK cells IBR900 recognize and lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. |
Trametinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, trametinib specifically binds to and inhibits MEK 1 and 2, resulting in an inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and cellular proliferation in various cancers. MEK 1 and 2, dual specificity serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases often upregulated in various cancer cell types, play a key role in the act… |
Trametinib Dimethyl Sulfoxide |
A dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvated form of trametinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K; MAPK/ERK kinase; MEK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, trametinib specifically binds to and inhibits MEK 1 and 2, resulting in an inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and cellular proliferation in various cancers. MEK 1 and 2, dual specificity serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases often upregulated… |
Trans Sodium Crocetinate |
The sodium salt of the trans-isomer of the carotenoid crocetin with potential antihypoxic and radiosensitizing activities. Trans sodium crocetinate (TSC) increases the diffusion rate of oxygen in aqueous solutions such as from plasma to body tissue. The agent has been shown to increase available oxygen during hypoxic and ischemic conditions that may occur in hemorrhage, vascular and neurological disorders, and in the tumor microenvionment. |
TransCon IL-2 Beta/Gamma |
A hydrogel carrier-based, sustained-release (SR) formulation containing a variant of the endogenous cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of TransCon IL-2 beta/gamma (IL-2b/g), the IL-2b/g variant is slowly released over an extended period of time and selectively binds to the IL-2 receptor b/g subunit (IL2Rb/g). The binding of IL-2b/g variant to IL2Rb/g activates IL2Rb/g-mediated signaling, which activate… |
Transcription Factor Protein SON-DP |
A transcription factor (TF) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TF protein SON-DP induces pluripotent reprogramming in cancer cells and generates transient induced pluripotent stem cells (tiPSCs). The in situ generated tiPSCs quickly re-differentiate into normal tissue cells. The tiPSCs also secrete exosomes, which provides embryonic stem cells (ESC)-like microenvironments. This may result in malignant phenotype reversion in the surrounding cancer cells. In a… |
Transdermal 17beta-Estradiol Gel BHR-200 |
A proprietary, transdermal, hydroalcoholic gel formulation containing 17beta-estradiol, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon topical administration, 17beta-estradiol exerts its antineoplastic effect(s) through as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism(s) of action(s). This formulation may induce feedback inhibition via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis feedback loop, block the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prevent the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the t… |
Transdermal 4-Hydroxytestosterone |
A transdermal formulation containing 4-hydroxytestosterone (4-OHT), a steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. 4-OHT is largely converted into 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA) and irreversibly binds to and inhibits aromatase, thereby blocking the conversion of androstenedione to estrone, and testosterone to estradiol. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in estrogen-dependent tumor cells. In addition, 4-OHT binds to… |
Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01 |
A proprietary transferrin receptor-targeted nanoparticle preparation of a non-chemically modified small-interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against the M2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RRM2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, transferrin receptor-targeted anti-RRM2 siRNA CALAA-01 binds to transferrin receptors (TfRs), releasing anti-RRM2 siRNA after endocytosis; anti-RRM2 siRNA silences the expression of RRM2 via the RNAi pathway, impeding the assembly of the hol… |
Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Liposomal p53 cDNA |
A cationic liposomal, tumor-targeting p53 (TP53) gene delivery system with potential anti-tumor activity. Transferrin receptor-targeted liposomal p53 cDNA contains plasmid DNA encoding the tumor suppressor protein p53 packaged in membrane-like liposome capsules that are complexed with anti-transferrin receptor single-chain antibody (TfRscFv). Upon systemic administration, the anti-TfRscFv selectively binds to tumor cells expressing transferrin receptors. The p53 plasmid is delivered into the … |
Transferrin-CRM107 |
A synthetic targeted protein toxin which consists of human transferrin (Tf) conjugated to a diphtheria toxin that contains a point mutation (CRM107). After binding to the transferrin receptor expressed on the tumor cell surface, transferrin-CRM107 is internalized, where the diphtheria toxin moiety exerts its cytotoxic effect intracellularly by inhibiting protein synthesis through ADP-ribosylation of elongation factor. (NCI04) |
Transgenic Lymphocyte Immunization Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of a preparation of allogeneic lymphocytes that encode a gene for telomerase. In transgenic lymphocyte immunization, the transgenic cells are infused into the patient, where they serve as antigen- presenting cells (APCs) with the dual function of antigen synthesis and presentation. Vaccination produces an immune response targeting cancer cells expressing telomerase. (NCI04) |
Tranylcypromine Sulfate |
The sulfate salt form of tranylcypromine, an orally bioavailable, nonselective, irreversible, non-hydrazine inhibitor of both monoamine oxidase (MAO) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/BHC110), with antidepressant and anxiolytic activities, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, tranylcypromine exerts its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through the inhibition of MAO, an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, nor… |
Trapoxin |
An epoxide-containing cyclotetrapeptide with antitumor activity. It is an irreversible inhibitor of histone deacetylase. |
Trastuzumab |
A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). After binding to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, trastuzumab induces an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2 is overexpressed by many adenocarcinomas, particularly breast adenocarcinomas. (NCI04) |
Trastuzumab Botidotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule inhibitor and auristatin derivative duostatin-5 (Duo-5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab botidotin, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, duo-5 binds to tubul… |
Trastuzumab Conjugate BI-CON-02 |
A conjugated form of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the trastuzumab conjugate BI-CON-02 targets and binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, thereby inducing both cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses against tumor cells that overexpress HER2. HER2, a tyrosine kin… |
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2; EGFR2; HER2) conjugated to deruxtecan, a derivative of the camptothecin analog exatecan (DXd; DX-8951 derivative), a DNA topoisomerase 1 (topoisomerase I; Top1) inhibitor, with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab deruxtecan, trastuzumab targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, deru… |
Trastuzumab Duocarmazine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of the recombinant humanized anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab linked, via a cleavable linker, to the duocarmycin prodrug, seco-duocarmycin-hydroxybenzamide-azaindole (seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab duocarmazine, the trastuzumab moiety binds to HER2 on the tumor cell surface, which triggers the endocytosis of this agent. The linker is then cleaved insi… |
Trastuzumab Emtansine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of the recombinant anti-epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody trastuzumab conjugated to the maytansinoid DM1 via a nonreducible thioether linkage (MCC) with potential antineoplastic activity. The trastuzumab moiety of this ADC binds to HER2 on tumor cell surfaces; upon internalization, the DM1 moiety is released and binds to tubulin, thereby disrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics and inhibiting cell division and… |
Trastuzumab Envedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) and site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab envedotin, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of tumor cells. Follow… |
Trastuzumab Imbotolimod |
An immune stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC) consisting of trastuzumab, an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody, conjugated to a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 dual agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of trastuzumab imbotolimod, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells and, simultaneously, the TLR 7/8 dual agonist moiety targets, binds to and activates TLR7/8 expresse… |
Trastuzumab Pamirtecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor P1003, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab pamirtecan, trastuzumab targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon cellular uptake and internalization, P1003 is released and inhibits DNA topoisomerase 1 … |
Trastuzumab Rezetecan |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2) conjugated to rezetecan, which is composed of a cleavable linker and a camptothecin derivative, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab rezetecan, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells. Upon… |
Trastuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of trastuzumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2; ErbB2), conjugated to the microtubule-disrupting cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of trastuzumab vedotin, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 on the surface of tumor cells. Following inte… |
Trastuzumab/Tesirine Antibody-drug Conjugate ADCT-502 |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of an engineered version of the humanized monoclonal anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) trastuzumab that is site-specifically conjugated, via a cleavable linker, to the cytotoxic, DNA cross-linking pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer-based drug tesirine, which targets DNA minor grooves, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the trastuzumab moiety of trastuzumab/tesirine ADC ADCT-502 tar… |
Trebananib |
An angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2 neutralizing peptibody, with potential antiangiogenic activity. AMG 386 targets and binds to Ang1 and Ang2, thereby preventing the interaction of the angiopoietins with their target tie2 receptors. This may inhibit angiogenesis and may eventually lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. |
Treg Inhibitor GIM-531 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of regulatory T-cells (Tregs), with potential immunomodulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, Treg inhibitor GIM-531 inhibits the activity of immune suppressive Tregs through an as of yet unknown mechanism of action. This may restore antitumor immune responses. |
T-regulatory Cell-enriched Donor Cells |
A preparation of donor-derived T-cells that have been enriched with donor T-regulatory (Treg) cells, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration of the Treg cell-enriched donor cells prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the donor cells may induce tolerance to HSCT and may reduce risk of relapse and graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in hematologic malignancies. |
Tremelimumab |
A human IgG2 monoclonal antibody directed against the T-cell receptor protein cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4). Tremelimumab binds to CTLA4 and blocks the binding of the antigen-presenting cell ligands B7-1 and B7-2 to CTLA4, resulting in inhibition of B7-CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation; subsequently, B7-1 or B7-2 may interact with another T-cell surface receptor protein, CD28, resulting in a B7-CD28-mediated T-cell activation unopposed by B7-CTLA4-mediat… |
Treosulfan |
The prodrug of a bifunctional sulfonate alkylating agent with myeloablative, immunosuppressive, and antineoplastic activities. Under physiological conditions, treosulfan converts nonenzymatically to L-diepoxybutane via a monoepoxide intermediate. The monoepoxide intermediate and L-diepoxybutane alkylate DNA at guanine residues and produce DNA interstrand crosslinks, resulting in DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. In escalated doses, this agent also exhibits myeloablative and immunosuppressive a… |
Tretazicar |
A prodrug of a bifunctional alkylating, dinitrobenzamide derivative with antineoplastic activity. Tretazicar can be activated by the human enzyme quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) in the presence of the cosubstrate caricotamide, an analogue of the natural cosubstrate dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), which acts as an electron donor. The resulting active, but short-lived metabolite, dinitrobenzamide, leads to DNA replication inhibition and the induction of apoptosis in NQO2 expressing cancer c… |
Tretinoin |
A naturally-occurring acid of retinol. Tretinoin binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RARs), thereby inducing changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of tumorigenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, resulting in telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of some tumor cell types. The oral form of tretinoin has teratogenic and embryotoxic properties. |
Tretinoin Liposome |
An intravenous formulation of tretinoin (vitamin A acid or all-trans retinoic acid) encased in liposomes. Tretinoin is a naturally occurring retinoic acid agent that binds to and activates retinoic acid receptors (RAR), effecting changes in gene expression that lead to cell differentiation, decreased cell proliferation, and inhibition of carcinogenesis. This agent also inhibits telomerase, leading to telomere shortening and eventual apoptosis of certain tumor cell types. Liposome encapsulati… |
Triapine |
A synthetic heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone with potential antineoplastic activity. Triapine inhibits the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, resulting in the inhibition of the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleotides necessary for DNA synthesis. This agent has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in vitro. (NCI04) |
Triazene Derivative CB10-277 |
A synthetic derivative of dimethylphenyl-triazene related to dacarbazine, with antineoplastic properties. Related to the agent dacarbazine, CB10-277 is converted in vivo to a monomethyl triazene form that alkylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and repair; in addition, this agent may act as a purine analogue, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, and may interact with protein sulfhydryl groups. (NCI04) |
Triazene Derivative TriN2755 |
A synthetic triazene derivative with antineoplastic activity. Upon metabolic activation via N-demethylation, TriN2755 is converted into highly reactive carbocations that can alkylate DNA and other macromolecules, thereby resulting in DNA cross links, inhibiting DNA replication and repair, and subsequently inducing apoptosis. This agent has high hydrophilicity and photostability and shows a favorable toxicity profile over the other triazenes. |
Triazinate |
A synthetic dihydrotriazine derivative with antineoplastic properties. As an antifolate agent related to methotrexate (MTX), triazinate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), resulting in decreased tetrahydrofolate production and interference with thymidylate synthesis. Unlike MTX, this agent is not converted to polyglutamate forms. Triazinate also inhibits the transport of folates and may be selectively toxic to MTX-resistant tumor cells. (NCI04) |
Triaziquone |
An aziridinylbenzoquinone-based alkylating agent with potential antineoplastic activity. The alkylating group in triaziquone becomes activated upon reduction of quinone to the hydroquinone form. This eventually results in the alkylation and crosslinking of DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication followed by an induction of apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species may form during redox cycling which may contribute to this agent’s cytotoxic activity. |
Tributyrin |
A triglyceride prodrug of butyric acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Butyrate, the active metabolite of tributyrin, inhibits histone deacetylase, resulting in increased differentiation, decreased proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in some tumor cell lines. (NCI04) |
Triciribine Phosphate |
The phosphate salt of the synthetic, cell-permeable tricyclic nucleoside triciribine with potential antineoplastic activity. Triciribine inhibits the phosphorylation, activation, and signalling of Akt-1, -2, and -3, which may result in the inhibition of Akt-expressing tumor cell proliferation. Akts are anti-apoptotic serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that phosphorylate and inactivate components of the apoptotic machinery, including Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) and casp… |
Trientine Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of a metal chelating agent with potential anti-angiogenic activity. Trientine chelates excess copper (Cu) ions in the body; the excess copper is subsequently removed from the body through the kidneys. As Cu is an essential cofactor for cuproenzymes, such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), depletion of copper may inhibit the activation of signal transduction pathways required for cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. In addition, trientine may inhibit copper-induc… |
Triethylenemelamine |
A trisaziridine alkylating agent with antineoplastic and carcinogenic properties. Used to induce cancer in experimental animal models, triethylenemelamine ethylates DNA, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication, unscheduled DNA synthesis, chromosomal aberrations, and sister chromatid exchanges. This agent also exhibits reproductive toxicities. (NCI04) |
Trifluridine |
A fluorinated thymidine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trifluridine is incorporated into DNA and inhibits thymidylate synthase, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis, inhibition of protein synthesis, and apoptosis. This agent also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04) |
Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride |
An orally bioavailable combination agent composed of the cytotoxic pyrimidine analog trifluridine (5-trifluoro-2’-deoxythymidine or TFT) and a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor (TPI) tipiracil hydrochloride, in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.5 (TFT:TPI), with potential antineoplastic activity. After oral administration of TAS-102, TFT is phosphorylated to the active monophosphate form TF-TMP, which binds covalently to the active site of thymidylate synthase, thereby reducing the nucleotide pool level… |
Trilaciclib |
A small molecule, competitive inhibitor of cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), with potential antineoplastic and chemoprotective activities. Upon intravenous administration, trilaciclib binds to and inhibits the activity of CDK4/6, thereby blocking the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) in early G1. This prevents G1/S phase transition, causes cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, induces apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of CDK4/6-overexpressing tumor cells. In pat… |
Trimelamol |
A synthetic derivative of trimethylmelamine with antineoplastic properties. An analogue of siderophores (microbial iron chelators), trimelamol induces the formation of a reactive iminium species which may crosslink DNA. (NCI04) |
Trimethylcolchicinic Acid |
A colchicine analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimethylcolchicinic acid binds to tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization into microtubules and preventing cell division. (NCI04) |
Trimetrexate |
A methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04) |
Trimetrexate Glucuronate |
A lipid soluble methotrexate derivative with potential antineoplastic activity. Trimetrexate glucuronate inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the synthesis of purine nucleotides and thymidylate, with subsequent inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Trimetrexate glucuronate also exhibits antiviral activity. (NCI04) |
Trioxifene |
A nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with potential antineoplastic activity. Trioxifene competes with estradiol in binding to estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha), thereby inhibiting ER alpha-mediated signal transduction and gene expression. In addition, trioxifene exerts intrinsic estrogenic activity depending on the tissue. Clinical development of trioxifene has not been preceded due to its side effect profile and lack of increased efficacy over tamoxifen. |
Triplatin Tetranitrate |
A cationic tri-nuclear platinum complex related to cisplatin. BBR 3464 binds to and forms DNA crosslinks and platinum-DNA adducts, preventing DNA replication and tumor cell division. |
Triptolide Analog |
A water soluble analog of the diterpenoid triepoxide triptolide isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f., with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the triptolide analog inhibits heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and prevents HSP70-mediated inhibition of apoptosis. This leads to both the induction of apoptosis and a reduction of cancer cell growth. HSP70, a molecular chaperone upregulated in various cancer cells, plays a key role in the inhibiti… |
Triptorelin |
A synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion. After chronic, continuous administration, this agent effects sustained decreases in LH and FSH production and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Serum testosterone concentrations may fall to levels typically observed in surgically castrated men. (NCI04) |
Triptorelin Pamoate |
The pamoate salt of triptorelin, a synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion after prolonged administration. After chronic, continuous administration, a sustained decrease in LH, FSH and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis is observed. The serum testosterone concentration may fall to levels typically seen in surgically castrated men. (NCI04) |
Tris-acryl Gelatin Microspheres |
An embolic particle composed of water-soluble, compressible, nonabsorbable microspheres composed of tris-acryl gelatin, with potential use for embolization. Upon administration, the tris-acryl gelatin microspheres (TAGM) serve as an embolic agent before surgery for highly vascularized areas, such as those seen in certain tumors, by penetrating into the blood vessel system and blocking blood flow. These microspheres may be used to encapsulate various therapeutic agents; drug-loaded microsphere… |
Tritylcysteine |
A derivative of cysteine with antimitotic activity and potential antineoplastic activity. (NCI04) |
Tri-virus/GD2-specific Allogeneic Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
Allogeneic tri-viral specific, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and adenovirus (Ad), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (tV-CTLs) expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for disialoganglioside GD2 with potential antineoplastic activity. Tri-virus/GD2-specific allogeneic CTLs are produced by transducing tV-CTLs with a GD2-specific CAR retroviral vector. Upon administration, after an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, these CTLs may be selective towards EBV, CMV, a… |
TRK Inhibitor AZD6918 |
An orally available liquid suspension containing the tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) inhibitor AZD6918 with potential antineoplastic activity. AZD6918 binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation, and may eventually result in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of tumor cells that express Trk. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth and survival. |
TRK Inhibitor TQB3558 |
An orally available inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Trk inhibitor TQB3558 targets and binds to Trk, thereby preventing neurotrophin-Trk interaction and Trk activation. This may lead to apoptosis of Trk-expressing tumor cells and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in Trk-expressing tumors. Trk, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an… |
TRK Inhibitor TQB3811 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TRK inhibitor TQB3811 targets and binds to TRK, thereby preventing neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation. This may lead to apoptosis of TRK-expressing tumor cells and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in TRK-expressing tumors. Members of TRK, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases activated by neurotrophins, are mutated in a variety of canc… |
TRK Inhibitor VC004 |
An orally bioavailable, second-generation tropomyosin-related-kinase (TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TRK inhibitor VC004 specifically targets and binds to TRK, TRK mutations and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling… |
TRK/RET Inhibitor ND-003 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of multiple kinases, including tropomyosin-related-kinase (TRK) and rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TRK/RET inhibitor ND-003 targets and binds to TRK and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of downstream signaling pathways, incl… |
TRK/ROS1/ALK Inhibitor SIM1803-1A |
An orally available inhibitor of multiple kinases, including the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), and the tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, TRK/ROS1/ALK inhibitor SIM1803-1A targets, binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ALK, ROS1, and TRK, including fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine recepto… |
TrkA Inhibitor VMD-928 |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA; neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) type 1; NTRK1; TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, VMD-928 specifically targets and binds to TrkA, inhibits neurotrophin-TrkA interaction and prevents TrkA activation. This prevents the activation of downstream signaling pathways and inhibits cell growth in tumors that overexpress TrkA. Uncont… |
Trodusquemine |
A naturally-occurring cholestane and non-competitive, allosteric inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), with potential hypoglycemic, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, trodusquemine selectively targets and inhibits PTP1B, thereby preventing PTP1B-mediated signaling. This prevents the dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which improves insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity, and decreases blood glucose levels. In susceptible… |
Trofosfamide |
An orally bioavailable oxazaphosphorine prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Trofosfamide (TFF) is metabolized predominantly to the cyclophosphamide analogue ifosfamide (IFO), which is then metabolized by liver cytochrome P450s to the active isophosphoramide mustard (IPM). IPM alkylates DNA to form DNA-DNA cross-links, which may result in inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, and ultimately lead to tumor cell apoptosis. |
Troglitazone |
An orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic and hepatotoxic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Troglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. (NCI04) |
Troriluzole |
A formulation comprised of a prodrug form of the benzothiazole derivative riluzole, with potential anti-depressant, anxiolytic and antineoplastic activities. Following oral administration, troriluzole is converted into the active form riluzole. While the mechanism of action of riluzole is unknown, its pharmacological activities, some of which may be related to its effect, include the following: 1) an inhibitory effect on glutamate release, 2) inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels,… |
Trotabresib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal (BET) family of proteins, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, trotabresib preferentially binds to the second bromodomain (BD2) of BET proteins, thereby preventing the interaction between the BET proteins and acetylated histones. This disrupts chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Prevention of the expression of certain growth-promoting genes may lead to an inhibition of proliferation in BE… |
Troxacitabine |
A dioxolane derivative and a novel L-configuration deoxycytidine analogue with potent antineoplastic activity. When incorporated into growing chain during DNA replication, troxacitabine stops DNA polymerization due to its unnatural L-configuration, in contrast to the normal nucleotides with D-configuration. As a result, this agent terminates DNA synthesis upon incorporated into DNA molecules, and consequently interrupts tumor cell proliferation. |
TRP2 mRNA-electroporated Autologous Langerhans-type Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer cell vaccine composed of autologous human Langerhans-type dendritic cells (also known as Langerhans cells or LCs) that are electroporated with mRNA encoding full-length murine tyrosinase-related peptide 2 (TRP2), with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon vaccination, the TRP2 mRNA-electroporated autologous Langerhans-type dendritic cell vaccine may stimulate the immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against TRP2-expressing tumor cell… |
TRPM8 Agonist D-3263 |
A small-molecule agonist for transient receptor potential melastatin member 8 (TRPM8 or Trp-p8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, TRPM8 agonist D-3263 targets, binds to and activates TRPM8, which may result in an increase in intracellular calcium and sodium influx; the disruption of calcium and sodium homeostasis; and the induction of cell death in TRPM8-expressing tumor cells. This agent may decrease dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels, which may contribute to its in… |
TRPV6 Calcium Channel Inhibitor SOR-C13 |
An inhibitor of transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid family member 6 (TRPV6, CaT1 or CATL) with potential antineoplastic activity. TRPV6 calcium channel inhibitor SOR-C13 binds to TRPV6 and prevents the influx of calcium ions into TRPV6-expressing tumor cells. This inhibits the activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription complex which may result in an inhibition of calcium-dependent cancer cell proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cel… |
TSP-1 Activator VT1021 |
A cyclic pentapeptide and stimulator of thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1; THBS1), with potential anti-angiogenic, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TSP-1 activator VT1021 specifically stimulates TSP-1 expression in inflammatory myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which binds to TSP-1 receptors, mainly CD36 and CD47. This activates CD36-mediated signaling and induces apoptosis in tumor and endothelial cells, which may result i… |
TSP-1 Mimetic ABT-510 |
A synthetic peptide that mimics the anti-angiogenic activity of the endogenous protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). ABT-510 inhibits the actions of several pro-angiogenic growth factors important to tumor neovascularization; these pro-angiogenic growth factors include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin 8 (IL-8). (NCI04) |
TSP-1 Mimetic Fusion Protein CVX-045 |
A fusion protein containing two thrombospondin (TSP-1)-derived nonamer peptides covalently attached, via a proprietary diketone linker, to a proprietary humanized catalytic monoclonal aldolase monoclonal antibody with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. The TSP-1 mimetic peptide moieties of TSP-1 mimetic fusion protein CVX-045 bind to TSP-1 receptors, such as CD36, and inhibit tumor angiogenesis, which may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. The propriet… |
TTK/PLK1 Inhibitor BAL0891 |
An inhibitor of threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK; monopolar spindle 1 kinase; Mps1) and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; PLK-1; STPK13), with potential mitotic checkpoint inhibiting (MCI) and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, TTK/PLK1 inhibitor BAL0891 selectively targets, binds to and inhibits TTK and PLK1. This disrupts and inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which results in chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization, and ind… |
Tubercidin |
An antibiotic and adenosine analog isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces tubercidicus with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubercidin is incorporated into DNA and inhibits polymerases, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and RNA and protein synthesis. This agent also exhibits antifungal and antiviral activities. (NCI04) |
Tubulin Inhibitor ALB 109564 Dihydrochloride |
A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB 109564 dihydrochloride binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. |
Tubulin Inhibitor ALB-109564 |
A semi-synthetic derivative of the vinka alkaloid vinblastine with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin inhibitor ALB-109564 binds to tubulin monomers and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Check for active clinical trials using this agent. |
Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AB8939 |
A small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor AB8939 binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients and induces tumor cell apoptos… |
Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitor AEZS 112 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule tubulin polymerization inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tubulin polymerization inhibitor AEZS 112 binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrupts the tumor vasculature and tumor blood flow, deprives tumor cells of nutrients an… |
Tubulin-Binding Agent SSR97225 |
An antimitotic tubulin-binding agent with potential antineoplastic activity. Tubulin-binding agent SSR97225 binds to tubulin, arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M checkpoint and preventing mitosis. |
Tucatinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB-2 (also called HER2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucatinib selectively binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of ErbB-2, which may prevent the activation of ErbB-2 signal transduction pathways, resulting in growth inhibition and death of ErbB-2-expressing tumor cells. ErbB-2 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays an important role in cellular proliferation and differe… |
Tucidinostat |
An orally bioavailable benzamide-type inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoenzymes 1, 2, 3 and 10, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tucidinostat binds to and inhibits HDACs, leading to an increase of acetylation levels of histone proteins. This agent also inhibits the expression of kinases in the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Ras signaling pathways and may result in cell cycle arrest and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This may inhibit tumor cell proliferation in … |
Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin |
A recombinant fusion protein comprised of a human monoclonal antibody directed against the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM or KS) linked to an active interleukin-2 (IL2) molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Tucotuzumab Celmoleukin recognizes and binds to EpCAM, a cell surface epithelial protein that is expressed on a wide variety of cancer cells, thereby concentrating IL2 in EpCAM-expressing tumor tissue. Subsequently, the localized IL2 moiety of the fusion protein may st… |
Tulmimetostat |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tulmimetostat selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferati… |
Tumor Cell Vaccine plus BCG |
A mixture of allogeneic or autologous tumor cells and bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in a liquid vehicle with potential antineoplastic activity. Vaccination of the host with tumor cell vaccine plus BCG may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against similar host tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. The BCG component serves as an adjuvant, a nonspecific stimulator of the immune response. (NCI04) |
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes-N2-Transduced |
A preparation of lymphocytes harvested from a patient and genetically modified ex vivo for use in gene therapy for the patient’s cancer. Ex vivo, the lymphocytes are transduced with the N2 retroviral vector, which is modified to express a gene whose protein product either kills tumor cells or elicits specific anti-tumor immunity. Genetically modified lymphocytes are infused back into the patient from whom they were harvested, locate to the tumor site, and express the candidate protein that k… |
Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 10 |
Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 (281 aa, ~33 kDa) is encoded by the human TNFSF10 gene. This protein plays a role in the induction of apoptosis. |
Tumor Peptide-loaded Myeloid Dendritic Cells |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) pulsed with tumor peptides with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the tumor peptide-loaded myDCs stimulate a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against the tumor cells, resulting in tumor cell lysis. |
Tumor-Cells Apoptosis Factor Hormone-Peptide |
A synthetic 14-amino acid peptide derived from a novel human peptide hormone, Tumor-Cells Apoptosis Factor (TCApF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, tumor-cells apoptosis factor hormone-peptide binds to the T1/ST2 receptor (IL1RL1) and activates both caspase 8 and Bcl-2 mediated apoptosis, in addition to the activation of p38 MAPK and JNK signaling cascades in tumor cells. Furthermore, this agent inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing the expressions of v… |
Tunlametinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAP2K, MAPK/ERK kinase, or MEK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tunlametinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of MEK, preventing the activation of MEK-dependent effector proteins and transcription factors, which may result in the inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. MEK, a threonine/tyrosine kinase, plays a key role in the activa… |
Tuparstobart |
A Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, tuparstobart targets and binds to human LAG-3 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting c… |
Tusamitamab Ravtansine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) conjugated to a cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of tusamitamab ravtansine the antibody moiety targets CEACAM5 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, the immunoconjugate releases the cytotoxic agent, which results in tumor cell death. CEACAM5, a member of the CEA family of proteins that plays a key role in cell migrat… |
Tuspetinib |
A selective, reversible type I inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tuspetinib reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. |
Tuvonralimab |
An immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tuvonralimab binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immun… |
Tuvusertib |
An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tuvusertib selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR,… |
Tuxobertinib |
An orally bioavailable, irreversible, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of certain oncogenic driver, allosteric mutations of the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu or ErbB2), including extracellular domain allosteric mutations of HER2, and EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertion mutations, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tuxobertinib selectively binds to and inhibits th… |
Type II JAK2 Inhibitor AJ1-11095 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the type II conformation of Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, type II JAK2 inhibitor AJ1-11095 specifically targets and binds to the inactive, DFG-loop-out conformation of the JAK2 domain, which stabilizes JAK2 in an inactive, DFG-loop-out conformation, and blocks the ATP-binding site and the adjoining hydrophobic pocket. This inhibits JAK2 activation, and thereby prevents the activation of t… |
Type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cell-induced Antigen-specific Autologous Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), specifically reactive to melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-3), MAGE-4, survivin, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ERBB2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), with potential immunomodulating activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are collected from the patient. Subsequently, autologous dendritic cells (DCs) are separated, treated with a certain combination of cytokines to produce polarized type-1 DCs (DC1), and … |
Tyroserleutide |
A tripeptide consisting of tyrosine, serine, and leucine with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of its antitumor activity has yet to be fully elucidated, tyroserleutide appears to inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 (CD54), a cell adhesion factor of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily that plays an important role in the invasion, adhesion, and metastasis of tumor cells. In addition, this agent may influence the Ca2+/calmodulin pathway, inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3 ki… |
Tyrosinase Peptide |
One of a number of recombinant peptides consisting of amino acid residues of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells. Vaccination with tyrosinase peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Tyrosinase:146-156 Peptide |
A synthetic peptide consisting of amino acid residues 146 through 156 of the enzyme tyrosinase, a protein frequently expressed by melanoma cells, with antitumor activity. Vaccination with tyrosinase:146-156 peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells, resulting in decreased tumor growth and cell lysis. |
Tyrosinase-KLH |
A peptide vaccine containing a tyrosinase epitope conjugated with keyhole lymphocyte hemocyanin (KLH) with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosinase, one of the melanoma differentiation antigens, is the rate-limiting enzyme for melanin synthesis. This tyrosine epitope is conjugated with KLH, which serves as an immunostimulant and a hapten carrier, to enhance immune recognition. Vaccination with tyrosinase-KLH peptide vaccine may produce anti-tyrosinase antibodies as well as elicit a cytot… |
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor OSI-930 |
A selective thiophene-derived tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor OSI-930 inhibits stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit) and the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which may result in the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. Both c-Kit and VEGFR2 are overexpressed in a variety of cancers. |
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor SU5402 |
An indolinone-based small molecule selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. SU5402 blocks the activities of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) and fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) via competing with ATP for the specific binding site within the catalytic domain of these receptors. This agent was shown to inhibit cell growth, decrease cell viability in dose-dependent manner, and induce apoptosis. |
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL228 |
A synthetic molecule that targets multiple tyrosine kinases with potential antineoplastic activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor XL228 binds to and inhibits the activities of multiple tyrosine kinases, such as the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), Src tyrosine kinase, and Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase. Blockade of these kinases may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In addition, this agent may be a potent inhibitor of the T315I mutant form … |
UAE Inhibitor TAK-243 |
A small molecule inhibitor of ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UAE), with potential antineoplastic activity. UAE inhibitor TAK-243 binds to and inhibits UAE, which prevents both protein ubiquitination and subsequent protein degradation by the proteasome. This results in an excess of proteins in the cells and may lead to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation and survival. UAE, also called ubiquitin E1 enzyme (UBA1; E1), is more active in cance… |
Ubamatamab |
A bispecific, human monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. REGN4018 contains two antigen-recognition sites: one for human CD3, a T cell surface antigen that is part of the T cell receptor complex, and one for human mucin 16 (MUC16, cancer antigen 125; CA125; FLJ14303), a member of the mucin family of glycoproteins that is overexpressed by several epithelial cancers, including ovarian cancer. Upon administration, ubamatamab binds to both T-cells and MUC16-expressing tumor … |
Ubenimex |
A microbial metabolite and dipeptide with potential immunomodulatory and antitumor activities. Ubenimex competitively inhibits many aminopeptidases, including B, N and leucine aminopeptidases. Aminopeptidases has been implicated in the process of cell adhesion and invasion of tumor cells. Therefore, inhibiting aminopeptidases may partially attribute to the antitumor effect of ubenimex. This agent also activates T lymphocyte, macrophage and bone marrow stem cell as well as stimulates release o… |
Ubidecarenone Nanodispersion BPM31510n |
A nanodispersion containing the benzoquinone ubidecarenone (coenzyme Q10), with potential protective, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ubidecarenone nanodispersion BPM31510 modulates tumor cell metabolism and causes an anti-Warburg effect by inducing a shift from lactate dependency towards mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and induces tumor cell apoptosis. This inhibits tumor cell proliferation. BPM 31510 also induces the activation and maturation of T-ly… |
Ublituximab |
A chimeric recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against human CD20 with potential antineoplastic activity. Ublituximab specifically binds to the B cell-specific cell surface antigen CD20, thereby potentially inducing a B cell-directed complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against CD20-expressing B cells, leading to B cell apoptosis. CD20 is a non-glycosylated cell surface phosphoprotein that is exclusively expressed on B cell… |
Ucalolictide |
A water-soluble, positively charged fusion protein consisting of a luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor-targeting ligand conjugated to the membrane-disrupting peptide CLIP 71 with membrane-disrupting and potential antineoplastic activities. The LHRH ligand moiety of ucalolictide specifically binds to LHRH receptors, which are upregulated on a variety of human cancer cell types. Subsequently, the positively charged CLIP 71 moiety of this agent interacts with the negatively cha… |
Ulevostinag |
A synthetic cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) and agonist of stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING), with potential immunoactivating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intratumoral (IT) administration,ulevostinag binds to STING and activates the STING pathway, which promotes IKK-related kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) signaling and activates nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment; this leads to the production… |
Uliledlimab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, uliledlimab targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting CD73 activity. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, preventing adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and incr… |
Ulinastatin |
A multivalent Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor derived from human urine, with potential protective, anti-fibrinolytic and anticoagulant activities. Upon administration, ulinastatin (or urinary trypsinogen inhibitor) inhibits the activities of a variety of enzymes, including trypsin, chymotrypsin, thrombin, kallikrein, plasmin, elastase, cathepsin, lipase, hyaluronidase, factors IXa, Xa, XIa, and XlIa, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase. In addition, ulinastatin inhibits the excessi… |
Ulixertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1 and 2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ulixertinib inhibits both ERK 1 and 2, thereby preventing the activation of ERK-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of ERK-dependent tumor cell proliferation and survival. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway is often upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and plays a key role in tumor… |
Ulocuplumab |
An orally bioavailable monoclonal antibody against CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) with potential antineoplastic activity. Ulocuplumab binds to the chemokine receptor CXCR4, preventing the binding of stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to the CXCR4 receptor and subsequent receptor activation, which may result in decreased tumor cell proliferation and migration. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor family, plays an important role in chemotaxis and angiogenesis … |
Umbilical Cord Blood-derived CD16-expressing Natural Killer Cells AB-101 |
A preparation of allogeneic, off-the-shelf natural killer (NK) cells, derived from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and ex vivo-expanded, that expresses a high-affinity variant of CD16, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, UCB-derived CD16-expressing NK cells AB-101 lyse tumor cells. NK cells AB-101 also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. Upon coadministration with tumor-targeting monoclonal anti… |
Umbilical Cord Blood-derived CD4+/CD25+ T-regulatory Cells CK0801 |
A preparation composed of allogeneic umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived, ex vivo expanded and enhanced CD4+/CD25+ T-regulatory cells (Tregs) with potential immunomodulatory activity. Upon administration, the UCB-derived CD4+/CD25+ Tregs CK0801 may promote immunologic homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity by suppressing self-reactive T-cells. This may induce tolerance to allogeneic organ transplants, prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), and suppress autoimmune pathology. |
Umbilical Cord Blood-derived MAK Immune Cells |
A preparation of mixed-activated killer (MAK) immune cells derived from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells, with potential cytotoxic activity. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are isolated followed by ex vivo differentiation and expansion. Upon administration, the UCB-derived MAK immune cells may lyse cancer cells. |
Umbilical Cord Blood-derived Natural Killer Cells |
A population of allogeneic, cytokine-differentiated, highly lytic natural killer (NK) cells derived from CD34+ cells isolated from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) with potential cytotoxic activity. CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are isolated from human UCB mononuclear cells, differentiated into mature, highly lytic, CD3- CD56+ NK cells, by a specific combination of cytokines that includes stem cell factor (SCF), fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3-L), interleukin-15 (IL-15) and … |
Umbralisib |
An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K-delta inhibitor TGR-1202 inhibits PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in tumor cells and cells of the hematopoietic lineage… |
Umbralisib Tosylate |
The tosylate form of umbralisib, an orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K) with potential antineoplastic activity. umbralisib inhibits PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT kinase signaling pathway. This decreases proliferation and induces cell death in susceptible tumor cells. Unlike other isoforms of PI3K, PI3K-delta is expressed primarily in tumor cells and cells of the hematop… |
Umikibart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against human hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, umikibart targets and binds to HGF, preventing the binding of HGF to the HGF receptor c-Met and the activation of the c-Met signaling pathway. This may result in cell death in c-Met-expressing tumor cells. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in cancer cell growth, survival, angiogen… |
Uncaria tomentosa Extract |
An extract of Uncaria tomentosa (U. tomentosa), also called Cat’s claw, a native Amazonian plant belonging to the Rubiaceae species, with potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, antioxidant and antineoplastic activities. Although the exact mechanism(s) by which U. tomentosa extract exerts its effect(s) has yet to be fully elucidated, this extract may inhibit the proliferation of certain types of cancer cells. This extract may modulate inflammatory and immune responses through the stimu… |
Unecritinib |
An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,unecritinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. … |
Unesbulin |
An orally active inhibitor of the polycomb ring finger oncogene BMI1 (B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, unesbulin targets BMI1 expressed by both tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and induces hyper-phosphorylation of BMI1 leading to its degradation. This inhibits BMI1-mediated signal transduction pathways and results in a reduction of proliferation of BMI1-expressing tumor cells. BMI1, a… |
Universal Anti-CD7 CAR T Cells RD13-01 |
A preparation of universal T-lymphocytes that have been genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD7, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, universal anti-CD7 CAR T cells RD13-01 specifically recognize and bind to CD7-expressing tumor cells, resulting in specific T-cell-mediated tumor cell lysis. CD7 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells and natural kill… |
Universal Donor Expanded TGF-beta-imprinted NK Cells |
A preparation of ex vivo expanded, universal donor, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta; TGF-b) imprinted natural killer (NK) cells, with potential cytolytic and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the universal donor expanded TGF-beta-imprinted NK cells may directly lyse cancer cells. These cells also secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines and further stimulate a systemic immune response against cancer cells. TGF-beta imprinting during NK cell activation and expansion decreases… |
Upamostat |
An orally bioavailable, 3-amidinophenylalanine-derived, second generation serine protease inhibitor prodrug targeting the human urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system with potential antineoplastic and antimetastatic activities. After oral administration, upamostat is converted to the active N alpha-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenylsulfonyl)-3-amidino-(L)-phenylalanine-4-ethoxycarbonylpiperazide (WX-UK1), which inhibits several serine proteases, particularly uPA; inhibition of uPA may result in … |
Upinitatug |
A proprietary humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of upinitatug, the antibody targets and binds to NaPi2b expressed on tumor cells. Although the tumor cell killing effects of upinitatug are not established, this binding may induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated immune response against NaPi2b-expressing tumor cells, and/or may inhib… |
Upinitatug Rilsodotin |
A proprietary antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of upinitatug , a proprietary, humanized monoclonal antibody against human sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2B (SLC34A2; NaPi2b), site-specifically linked, via a protease cleavable linker, to the proprietary cytotoxic aurastatin derivative auristatin F-HPA (AF-HPA; auristatin F-hydroxypropylamide), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upinitatug rilsodotin is produced via the proprietary dolaflexin ADC conjugation platform, w… |
Uprevstobart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the ectoenzyme 5’-ecto-nucleotidase (cluster of differentiation 73; CD73; 5’-NT; ecto-5’-nucleotidase; NT5E), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, uprevstobart targets and binds to CD73 on tumor cells, thereby inhibiting the activity of CD73. This prevents CD73-mediated conversion of extracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine and the adenosine-mediated suppression of lymphocyte activity and … |
Uproleselan |
A synthetic, glycomimetic molecule and E-selectin (CD62E) antagonist, with potential anti-thrombotic, antineoplastic and chemopotentiating activities. Upon administration, uproleselan binds to E-selectin expressed on endothelial cells and prevents their interaction with selectin-E ligand-expressing cancer cells. This may prevent tumor cell activation, migration and metastasis. GMI-1271 also interferes with the binding of selectin E-expressing vascular endothelial cells to selectin-E ligand-ex… |
Uprosertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) with potential antineoplastic activity. Uprosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt, which may result in inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K/Akt signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variet… |
Urabrelimab |
A human monoclonal antibody targeting the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, urabrelimab selectively binds to CD47 on tumor cells and blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages. This prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPa-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signa… |
Uracil Ointment |
A 0.1% topical formulation of uracil used potentially to lower the incidence of hand-foot syndrome (HFS) (or palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia) during 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU prodrug capecitabine chemotherapy. Upon local administration of uracil ointment to the skin, uracil competes with capecitabine or 5-FU as substrates for the activating enzyme thymidine phosphorylase and the metabolizing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase. This may prevent the production of 5-FU as well as the b… |
Urelumab |
A fully human agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the CD137 receptor with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to and activates CD137-expressing immune cells, stimulating an immune response, in particular a cytotoxic T cell response, against tumor cells. CD137 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth factor (NGF) family of receptors and is expressed by activated T- and B-lymphocytes and monocytes; i… |
Uridine Phosphorylase Inhibitor TK-112690 |
A 2,2’-anhydropyrimidine derivative and human uridine phosphorylase (UPase) inhibitor that can be used to suppress mucositis induced by certain chemotherapeutics. Upon administration of UPase inhibitor TK-112690 prior to the administration of certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as methotrexate (MTX), this agent targets, binds to and blocks the activity of UPase, thereby preventing the metabolic breakdown of uridine into uracil. This increases the uridine levels in plasma and may prevent muc… |
URLC10 Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10) epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, URL peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against URLC10-expressing tumor cells. Up-regulated in lung and esophageal cancers, the function of URLC10 is unknown. |
URLC10-CDCA1-KOC1 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing multiple peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activities. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from, URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10), CDCA1 (cell division cycle-associated protein 1), KOC1 (IGF II mRNA Binding Protein 3). Upon administration, URLC10-CDCA1-KOC1 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing URLC10, CDCA1, KCO1 peptides, resulting in cell lysis and decr… |
URLC10-TTK-KOC1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 Multipeptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing five peptide epitopes with potential immunostimulatory and antitumor activity. Peptide epitopes in this vaccine are derived from: URLC10 (up-regulated lung cancer 10), TTK (TTK protein kinase), KOC1 (IGF II mRNA Binding Protein 3) and VEGFRs (vascular endothelial growth factor receptors) 1 and 2. Upon administration, URLC10-TTK-KOC1-VEGFR1-VEGFR2 multipeptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing URLC10, TTK, K… |
Uroacitides |
A mixture of peptides, organic acids, pigments, and phenylacetylglutamine isolated from healthy human urine with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, uroacitides, also known as cell differentiation agent II (CDA-II) may inhibit telomerase activity in tumor cells. This may lead to an accumulation of tumor cells in G1 phase and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. |
Urokinase-Derived Peptide A6 |
An octapeptide (amino acids 136-143) derived from the proteolytic enzyme urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), with potential antineoplastic activity. A6 is derived from the nonreceptor-binding domain and connecting region of urokinase. Administration of A6 inhibits the interaction of uPA with its receptor uPAR, and may inhibit endothelial cell motility and tumor cell invasion. uPA and uPAR promote extracellular matrix degradation and growth factor activation and correlate positively with an… |
Ursolic Acid |
A pentacyclic triterpenoid found in various fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs, with a variety of potential pharmacologic activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiviral, serum lipid-lowering, and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, ursolic acid may promote apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation through multiple mechanisms. This may include the regulation of mitochondrial function through various pathways including the ROCK/PTEN and p53 pathways, the … |
USP1 Inhibitor HSK39775 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the human deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, USP1 inhibitor HSK39775 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of USP1, thereby blocking complex formation of USP1 with USP1-associated factor 1 (UAF1), and inhibits USP1-mediated deubiquitinating activity. This may result in replication fork degrad… |
USP1 Inhibitor ISM3091 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the human deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, USP1 inhibitor ISM3091 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of USP1, thereby blocking USP1-mediated deubiquitinating activity. This may result in replication fork degradation, inhibition of DNA damage repair, and decreased tumor cell survival. USP1, a deubiquitinating enzyme overexpresse… |
USP1 inhibitor KSQ-4279 |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of the ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1), with apoptosis-inducing, tumor-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, USP1 inhibitor KSQ-4279 specifically binds to and inhibits the activity of USP1, thereby blocking USP1-mediated deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of mono-ubiquinated substrates. Thi… |
USP1 Inhibitor SIM0501 |
An orally bioavailable non-covalent small molecule inhibitor of the human deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1; ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, USP1 inhibitor SIM0501 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of USP1, thereby blocking complex formation of USP1 with USP1-associated factor 1 (UAF1), and inhibits USP1-mediated deubiquitinating activity. This may result in replication… |
USP1 Inhibitor TNG348 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the human deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 1 (USP1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, USP1 inhibitor TNG348 specifically targets, allosterically binds to and inhibits the activity of USP1, thereby blocking USP1-mediated deubiquitinating activity. This may result in replication fork degradation, inhibition of DNA damage repair, and decreased tumor cell survival. USP1, a deubiquitinating enzym… |
USP14/UCHL5 Inhibitor VLX1570 |
An inhibitor of the 19S proteasome-specific deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) USP14 and UCHL5, with apoptosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VLX1570 specifically binds to both USP14 and UCHL5, thereby blocking their deubiquitylating activity. This blocks the ubiquitin proteasome degradation pathway, prevents the degradation of defective proteins, and leads to an accumulation of poly-ubiquitylated proteins. This induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) and result… |
Utatrectinib |
A tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, utatrectinib binds to TRK, thereby preventing the neurotrophin-TRK interaction and subsequent TRK activation. This may eventually result in an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in TRK-expressing tumor cells. TRK, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by neurotrophins, is mutated in a variety of cancer cell types and plays an important role in tumor cell growth, invasion and survival. |
Utidelone |
A genetically engineered epothilone analog with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, utidelone binds to tubulin, induces microtubule polymerization and stabilizes microtubules against depolymerization, which may result in the inhibition of cell division, the induction of G2/M arrest, and apoptosis. Compared to first-generation epothilones, this agent exhibits greater safety and enhanced activity against certain multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors. |
Utomilumab |
A human, agonistic immunoglobulin (Ig) G2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting 4-1BB (CD137, TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration, utomilumab binds to and activates 4-1BB expressed on various immune cells, such as CD8-positive and CD4-positive T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances 4-1BB-mediated signaling, induces cytokine production and promotes anti-tumor immune responses. 4-1BB, a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/nerve growth facto… |
UV1 Telomerase Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic, peptide cancer vaccine directed against the human telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit (hTERT) with potential immunomodulating activity. Vaccination with the UV1 telomerase peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T-cells to recognize and kill telomerase-expressing cells. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase normally repressed in healthy cells, is overexpressed in most cancer cells and plays a key role in cellular proliferation. |
Uzansertib |
An orally available, small molecule and selective ATP-competitive pan-inhibitor of proviral integration sites for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, uzansertib binds to and inhibits the activities of the three PIM isoforms, PIM1, PIM2 and PIM3. This prevents phosphorylation of their downstream targets and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIMs. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonin… |
Uzatresgene Autoleucel |
Autologous human T-lymphocytes transduced with a retroviral vector encoding a T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for the human melanoma antigen A4 (MAGE-A4) and the CD8alpha co-receptor, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon leukapheresis, isolation, transduction, expansion ex vivo, and reintroduction into the patient, uzatresgene autoleucel bind to tumor cells expressing MAGE-A4. This may result in both inhibition of growth and increased cell death of MAGE-A4-expre… |
V930 Vaccine |
A novel cancer vaccine designed to treat HER-2- and/or CEA-expressing cancers. |
Vaccine-Sensitized Draining Lymph Node Cells |
Cells isolated from lymph nodes from patients, and activated in vitro to generate tumor-specific effector T cells. Lymph nodes in the lymphatics draining tumors often contain T cells that are immunologically sensitized but functionally deficient. Vaccine-sensitized draining lymph node cells are prepared by isolating these lymphocytes in vitro and stimulating them with cytokines to differentiate into mature effector cells. Vaccine-draining lymph node cells may also be produced by pharmacolog… |
Vaccinia Virus DD-CDSR |
A highly tumor-selective vaccinia virus (vv) with an engineered double deletion (DD) of the thymidine kinase (tk) and vaccinia growth factor genes and additions of both a cytosine deaminase (CD) gene and a somatostatin receptor (SR) gene with potential oncolytic viral activity. The tk and vaccinia growth factor gene deletions in intratumorally administered vaccinia virus (vvDD-CDSR) help to restrict its replication and cytolytic activity to tumor cells with large nucleotide pools and tumor ce… |
Vaccinia-GM-CSF Vaccine |
A recombinant vaccinia virus that encodes granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). By activating T-cells and macrophages, vaccination with recombinant vaccinia GM-CSF may enhance the host immune system response to poorly immunogenic tumors, resulting in decreased tumor growth. (NCI04) |
Vaccinia-Tyrosinase Vaccine |
A vaccine consisting of recombinant vaccinia virus, based on the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) that encodes the melanoma-associated antigen tyrosinase. Vaccination with vaccinia-tyrosinase may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-cell response against tumor cells expressing tyrosinase. Tyrosinase is a melanoma-specific differentiation agent that catalyzes the synthesis of the melanin precursor L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). |
Vaccinium myrtillus/Macleaya cordata/Echinacea angustifolia Extract Granules |
A proprietary suspension formulation prepared from granules of standardized extracts from the fruits of Vaccinium myrtillus, the aerial parts of Macleaya cordata and the roots of Echinacea angustifolia, with potential anti-mucositis, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. The main active ingredients of this formulation include anthocyanosides and procyanidins, benzophenanthridinic alkaloids, and alkylamides from V. myrtillus, M. cordata and E. angustifolia extracts, respectively. Upon a… |
Vactosertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta receptor type 1 (TGFBR1), also known as activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vactosertib inhibits the activity of TGFBR1 and prevents TGF-beta/TGFBR1-mediated signaling. This suppresses tumor growth in TGFBR1-overexpressing tumor cells. TGFBR1, which is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumo… |
Vadacabtagene Leraleucel |
Genetically modified CD3-positive-enriched autologous T-lymphocytes transduced with a replication incompetent gamma retroviral vector expressing a chimeric T-cell antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of an anti-CD19 single chain variable fragment (scFv), fused to the extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains of the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor CD28 and the cytoplasmic signaling domain of the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (CD3-zeta) (CAR19-28z), with potential antineo… |
Vadastuximab Talirine |
An immunoconjugate consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody that is engineered to contain cysteine residues that are conjugated to the synthetic, DNA cross-linking, pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer SGD-1882, via the protease-cleavable linker maleimidocaproyl-valine-alanine dipeptide, with potential antineoplastic activity. The monoclonal antibody portion of vadastuximab talirine specifically binds to the cell surface antigen CD33. This causes the internalization of SGN-CD33A, and the release … |
Vadimezan |
A fused tricyclic analogue of flavone acetic acid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vadimezan induces the cytokines tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-alpha), serotonin and nitric oxide, resulting in hemorrhagic necrosis and a decrease in angiogenesis. This agent also stimulates the anti-tumor activity of tumor-associated macrophages. |
Valecobulin |
A benzophenone derivative and water soluble valine prodrug of the tubulin binding agent S516, with potential tubulin-inhibiting, vascular-disrupting and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, valecobulin is converted into its active metabolite S-516 that binds to tubulin and prevents its polymerization in tumor blood vessel endothelial cells and tumor cells. This blocks the formation of the mitotic spindle and leads to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. As a result, this agent disrup… |
Valemetostat |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferases enhancer of zeste homolog 1 (EZH1) and 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, valemetostat selectively inhibits the activity of both wild-type and mutated forms of EZH1 and EZH2. Inhibition of EZH1/2 specifically prevents the methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways, enh… |
Valproic Acid |
A synthetic derivative of propylpentanoic acid with antiepileptic properties and potential antineoplastic and antiangiogenesis activities. In epilepsy, valproic acid appears to act by increasing the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This agent’s antitumor and antiangiogenesis activities may be related to the inhibition of histone deacetylases and nitric oxide synthase, which results in the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. (NCI04) |
Valrubicin |
A semisynthetic derivative of the antineoplastic anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin. With a mechanism of action that appears to differ from doxorubicin, valrubicin is converted intracytoplasmically into N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin, which interacts with topoisomerase II, stabilizing the complex between the enzyme and DNA; consequently, DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis are inhibited and the cell cycle is arrested in the G2 phase. In addition, this agent accumulates in … |
Valspodar |
An analogue of cyclosporin-A. Valspodar inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump, thereby restoring the retention and activity of some drugs in some drug-resistant tumor cells. This agent also induces caspase-mediated apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Vamotinib |
An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance of tumor cells to second generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors, vamotinib targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including those fusion proteins with the ‘gatekeeper’ resistance mutation T315I, an amino acid substitution at position 315 in Bcr-Abl from a threonine (T) to an isoleucine (I). This inhibits Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of, and enhances apoptos… |
Vandetanib |
An orally bioavailable 4-anilinoquinazoline. Vandetanib selectively inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), thereby blocking VEGF-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and migration and reducing tumor vessel permeability. This agent also blocks the tyrosine kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates tumor cell proliferation and migration and angiogenesis. |
Vandetanib-eluting Radiopaque Bead BTG-002814 |
Radiopaque drug-eluting beads (DEBs) that are loaded with vandetanib, a dual inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic, anti-angiogenic and imaging activities. Upon intra-arterial hepatic artery administration of vandetanib (VTB)-eluting Radiopaque beads (VERBs) BTG-002814, the DEBs occlude the tumor blood vessels and deprive tumor cells of oxygen and nutrients, thereby causing hepatic arter… |
Vandortuzumab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1), and conjugated, via a protease-cleavable peptide linker, to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), an auristatin derivative and a potent microtubule disrupting agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vandortuzumab vedotin, the monoclonal antibody moiety of vandortuzumab vedotin binds to STEAP1-expressing tumor… |
Vantictumab |
A monoclonal antibody directed against the Wnt signaling pathway with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vantictumab binds to certain receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway thereby preventing the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. This may result in an inhibition of cancer stem cell (CSC) activity and a subsequent inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated in many cancer cell types and appears to play a major role in CSC regul… |
Vanucizumab |
A humanized bispecific immunoglobulin G (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting both the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) ligand VEGF-A and the Tie2 receptor ligand angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration of vanucizumab, the anti-VEGF-A arm, which is based on bevacizumab, targets and binds to VEGF-A and the anti-Ang2 arm, which is based on the anti-Ang-2 antibody LC06, targets and binds to Ang2, thereby simultan… |
Vapreotide |
A synthetic cyclic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin with direct and indirect antitumor effects. Vapreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTR), specifically SSTR-2 and to SSTR-5 with a lesser affinity, in the similar behaviors as other octapeptide somatostatin analogues. Like octreotide, this agent has direct and indirect antitumor effects via inhibiting the release of growth hormone and other peptides that regulate release of insulin, gastrointestinal hormones. Furthermore, vapreotide… |
Varegacestat |
An orally bioavailable, gamma secretase (GS) and pan-Notch inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, varegacestat binds to GS and blocks the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. This prevents both the subsequent translocation of NICD to the nucleus to form a transcription factor complex and the expression of Notch-regulated genes. Th… |
Varlilumab |
A human agonistic monoclonal antibody (MoAb) specific for CD27, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of varlilumab, this MoAb binds to CD27 and may potentiate the immune response by increasing the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD27-expressing tumor cells. This may lead to growth inhibition of CD27-expressing tumor cells. In addition, this agent may increase the proliferation and activation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes upon co-a… |
Varlitinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation and are upregulated in vari… |
Varlitinib Tosylate |
The tosylate salt form of varlitinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor family with potential antineoplastic activity. Varlitinib selectively and reversibly binds to both EGFR (ErbB-1) and Her-2/neu (ErbB-2) and prevents their phosphorylation and activation, which may result in inhibition of the associated signal transduction pathways, inhibition of cellular proliferation and cell death. EGFR and Her-2 play important roles in cell proliferation and diffe… |
Varnimcabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of adult differentiated autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) single chain variable fragment (scFv), derived from the CD19-A3B1 hybridoma, linked to the intracellular signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The autol… |
Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105 |
A vascular disrupting agent (VDA), with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vascular disrupting agent BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which results in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. This deprives tumor cells of nutrients and results in tumor cell apoptosis. In addition to its VDA activity, this agent has a direct cytotoxic effect on tumor cells by inhibiting t… |
Vascular Disrupting Agent BNC105P |
A benzofuran-based vascular disrupting agent (VDA) prodrug with potential anti-vascular and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration vascular disrupting agent BNC105P, the disodium phosphate ester of BNC105, is rapidly converted to BNC105; in activated endothelial cells, BNC105 binds to tubulin and inhibits its polymerization, which may result in a blockage of mitotic spindle formation, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of the tumor vasculature. Hypoxic conditions ensue, depriving tumor… |
Vascular Disrupting Agent ZD6126 |
A water-soluble phosphate prodrug of N-acetylcolchinol with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. ZD-6126 is converted in vivo into N-acetylcolchinol. N-acetylcolchinol binds to and destabilizes the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells in tumor blood vessels, which may result in tumor endothelial cell apoptosis, the selective occlusion of tumor blood vessels, cessation of tumor blood flow, and tumor necrosis. |
Vatalanib |
An orally bioavailable anilinophthalazine with potential antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms. |
Vatalanib Succinate |
The succinate salt of vatalanib, an anilinophthalazine derivative, with antineoplastic activity. Vatalanib binds to and inhibits the protein kinase domain of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2; both receptor tyrosine kinases are involved in angiogenesis. This agent also binds to and inhibits related receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor, c-Kit, and c-Fms. |
Vebreltinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the proto-oncogene c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vebreltinib selectively binds to c-Met, thereby inhibiting c-Met phosphorylation and disrupting c-Met signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, plays… |
Vecabrutinib |
An orally available second-generation, reversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK; Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vecabrutinib non-covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and the C481S mutated form of BTK, a resistance mutation in the BTK active site in which cysteine is substituted for serine at residue 481. This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling p… |
Vector-peptide Conjugated Paclitaxel |
A proprietary conjugate of paclitaxel with antineoplastic activity. Similar to the free drug, the paclitaxel moiety in vector-peptide conjugated paclitaxel binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, promoting assembly of microtubules and inhibiting tubulin disassembly which results in the inhibition of cell division. The Kunitz domain-derived vector-peptide carries the conjugated paclitaxel through the blood brain barrier (BBB), bypassing the transmembrane p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump, w… |
Vedolizumab |
A recombinant humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human lymphocyte Peyer’s patch adhesion molecule 1 (LPAM-1; alpha4beta7; a4b7), with immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vedolizumab selectively binds to integrin a4b7 and prevents the binding of a4b7, expressed on the surface of a subset of T-lymphocytes, to its natural ligand, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), which is … |
VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250 |
A designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPin)-based agent targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Compared to antibodies, DARPins are small in size, have favorable pharmacokinetics and allow for both high affinity binding and efficacy. Upon administration, the VEGF/HGF-targeting DARPin MP0250 binds to and inhibits both HGF and VEGF. This prevents HGF- and VEGF-mediated signaling, and inh… |
VEGFR Inhibitor KRN951 |
An orally bioavailable quinoline-urea derivative inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) 1 and 2 with potential antiangiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR inhibitor KRN951 inhibits VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFRs 1 and 2, which may result in inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and tumor cell death. Expression of VEGFRs may be upregulated in a va… |
VEGFR/FGFR Inhibitor ODM-203 |
An orally available inhibitor of the human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. VEGFR/FGFR inhibitor ODM-203 inhibits both VEGFRs and FGFRs, which may result in the inhibition of VEGFR- and FGFR-mediated signaling. This leads to an inhibition of angiogenesis and cell proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing VEGFR and/or FGFR. Both VEGFRs and FGFRs belong to the supe… |
VEGFR/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor TAK-593 |
An oral formulation containing a small-molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of both vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. TAK-593 selectively binds to and inhibits VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. |
VEGFR1-1084 Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine containing an HLA-A*2402-restricted epitope of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1 or Flt-1) with potential immunostimulating, antiangiogenic, and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, VEGFR1-1084 peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against VEGFR1-expressing endothelial cells of the tumor microvasculature, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR1, a receptor tyrosine kinase, may be ov… |
VEGFR-2 DNA Vaccine VXM01 |
An orally available DNA cancer vaccine containing an attenuated strain of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium encoding murine vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) (VXM01), with potential immunomodulating, anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration and successful transduction, VEGFR-2 DNA vaccine VXM01 expresses VEGFR-2 in addition to inducing the expression of T-cell activation markers, such as CD25, interleukin-2, the early T-cell activation ant… |
VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor PF-00337210 |
An orally available ATP-competitive inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PF-00337210 selectively binds to VEGFR2 and prevents its phosphorylation which may result in an inhibition of migration, proliferation and survival of endothelial cells, microvessel formation, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and may eventually cause… |
VEGFR2/PDGFR/c-Kit/Flt-3 Inhibitor SU014813 |
An orally-active, tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor with potential antitumor activity. SU014813 binds to and inhibits the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha and beta, c-Kit and Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt-3). This leads to an inhibition of cellular proliferation and angiogenesis and an induction of apoptosis. |
VEGFR3 Inhibitor EVT801 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3; VEGFR-3; Flt-4), with potential anti-angiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, VEGFR3 inhibitor EVT801 specifically targets, binds to and inhibits VEGFR3 tyrosine kinase, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. EVT801 may also decrease the level of immune suppressive myeloid derived suppressor cells… |
Veligrotug |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R/CD221) with potential antineoplastic activity. Veligrotug specifically binds to and blocks membrane-bound IGF-1R, preventing the binding of the natural ligand IGF-1 and the subsequent activation of PI3K/AKT signal transduction, which may result in the induction of apoptosis and a decrease in cellular proliferation. Activation of IGF-1R, a receptor tyrosine kinase of the insulin receptor su… |
Veliparib |
A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) -1 and -2 inhibitor with chemosensitizing and antitumor activities. With no antiproliferative effects as a single agent at therapeutic concentrations, ABT-888 inhibits PARPs, thereby inhibiting DNA repair and potentiating the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents. PARP nuclear enzymes are activated by DNA single or double strand breaks, resulting in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of other nuclear DNA binding proteins involved in DNA repair; poly(ADP-ribosyl)atio… |
Veltuzumab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen with potential antineoplastic activity. Following binding, veltuzumab triggers complement-dependent cell lysis (CDCL) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in cells that overexpress CD20. CD20 antigen is a hydrophobic transmembrane protein located on pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. |
Vemurafenib |
An orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive, small-molecule inhibitor of BRAF(V600E) kinase with potential antineoplastic activity. Vemurafenib selectively binds to the ATP-binding site of BRAF(V600E) kinase and inhibits its activity, which may result in an inhibition of an over-activated MAPK signaling pathway downstream in BRAF(V600E) kinase-expressing tumor cells and a reduction in tumor cell proliferation. Approximately 90% of BRAF gene mutations involve a valine-to-glutamic acid mutation at … |
Venetoclax |
An orally bioavailable, selective small molecule inhibitor of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, with potential antineoplastic activity. Venetoclax mimics BH3-only proteins, the native ligands of Bcl-2 and apoptosis activators, by binding to the hydrophobic groove of Bcl-2 proteins thereby repressing Bcl-2 activity and restoring apoptotic processes in tumor cells. Bcl-2 protein is overexpressed in some cancers and plays an important role in the regulation of apoptosis; its expression is associ… |
Vepafestinib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vepafestinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions result in the upregulation and/or o… |
Vepdegestrant |
An orally available hetero-bifunctional molecule and selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vepdegestrant is composed of an ER alpha ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration,vepdegestrant targets and binds to the ER ligand binding domain on ER alpha. E3 ligase is recruited to the ER by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and ER alpha … |
Vepsitamab |
A half-life extended (HLE), human bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human mucin 17 (MUC17), and one directed against human CD3, a T-cell surface antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration vepsitamab binds to both CD3 on T-cells and MUC17 expressed on tumor cells. This results in the cross-linking of T-cells and tumor cells, an… |
Verapamil |
A phenylalkylamine calcium channel blocking agent. Verapamil inhibits the transmembrane influx of extracellular calcium ions into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells, causing dilatation of the main coronary and systemic arteries and decreasing myocardial contractility. This agent also inhibits the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein which is overexpressed in some multi-drug resistant tumors and may improve the efficacy of some antineoplastic agents. (NCI04) |
Verpasep Caltespen |
A recombinant chimeric protein composed of the heat shock protein 65 (Hsp65) from Mycobacterium bovis, and the human papilloma viral (HPV) protein E7. Hsp65, similar to other members of its family of proteins, elicits a strong immune response and may be used to design vaccines against a number of different cancers. E7 protein is involved in carcinogenesis of anal and cervical tumors, and represents a tumor antigen that may be specifically targeted by lymphocytes. (NCI04) |
Verubulin |
A quinazoline derivative with potential antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, and may be useful for treating multidrug resistant tumors. In addition, as a vascular disrupting agent, verubulin disrupts tumor microvasc… |
Verubulin Hydrochloride |
The hydrochloride salt form of verubulin, a quinazoline derivative with potential dual antineoplastic activities. Verubulin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization and interrupts microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and cell death. This agent is not a substrate for several subtypes of multidrug resistance ABC transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), and breast cancer… |
Verzistobart |
A fully human Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1kappa) antibody directed against the inhibitory T-cell receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3; TIM3; hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2; HAVCR2), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, verzistobart forms a high-affinity interaction with TIM-3 expressed on certain T-cells, thereby preventing the engagement of TIM-3 by its ligands, phosphatidy… |
Vesencumab |
A human IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against neuropilin-1 (NRP1), with potential antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vesencumab specifically targets and binds to NRP1; the antibody-NRP1 complex prevents the subsequent coupling of NRP1 to VEGFR2, thereby potentially inhibiting VEGF-mediated signaling and potentially preventing angiogenesis. In combination with other anti-VEGF therapies, vesencumab may enhance their anti-angiogenic effect. NRP1 is… |
Vesigenurtucel-L |
An allogeneic urothelial bladder cancer cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the immunoadjuvant heat shock protein gp96 fused with an immunoglobulin Fc domain (gp96-Ig) protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vesigenurtucel-L, the live, irradiated tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs). This enhances antigen cross presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and, upon expansion, l… |
Vevoctadekin |
An engineered variant of the human cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18; IL18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of vevoctadekin, the IL-18 variant binds to and activates the IL-18 receptor. This promotes T-cell persistence and enhances the activity and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells, which potentiates the immune response against tumor cells. The IL-18 variant is engineered to preferably bind to the IL-18 receptor and not IL-18 binding pro… |
VGEF Mixed-Backbone Antisense Oligonucleotide GEM 220 |
A mixed-backbone antisense oligonucleotide that is complementary to a pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA sequence. Because of its antiangiogenic properties, GEM 220 has been studied as a potential antineoplastic agent. (NCI04) |
VGEFR/c-kit/PDGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor XL820 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. XL820 binds to and inhibits the receptor tyrosine kinases for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), c-kit, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). In tumor models of breast carcinomas, gliomas, and leukemia, this agent exhibits dose-dependent growth inhibition and has been shown to cause tumor regression. |
Viagenpumatucel-L |
A proprietary, allogeneic tumor cell vaccine expressing a recombinant secretory form of the heat shock protein gp96 fusion (gp96-Ig) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of viagenpumatucel-L, the irradiated live tumor cells continuously secrete gp96-Ig along with its chaperoned tumor associated antigens (TAAs) into the blood stream, thereby activating antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells and priming potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to respond against TAAs… |
Vibecotamab |
An anti-CD123/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody, in which most of the naturally-occurring Fc domain is maintained, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Vibecotamab possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD123, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon administration of vibecotam… |
Vibostolimab |
An antagonistic agent targeting the co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT; T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vibostolimab targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocyt… |
Vibostolimab/Pembrolizumab MK-7684A |
A co-formulated product containing fixed doses of the two monoclonal antibodies vibostolimab and pembrolizumab, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of vibostolimab/pembrolizumab MK-7684A, vibostolimab, an antibody against the immune checkpoint inhibitor T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT; T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains; T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM doma… |
Vidutolimod |
A virus-like particle (VLP) composed of the Qbeta bacteriophage capsid encapsulating the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist G10, an unmethylated CpG-A oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of vidutolimod, the VLPs are specifically taken up by and release the oligonucleotide into antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells (DCs). In turn, the oligonucleotide binds to and activates intracellular TLR9. This… |
Vilamakitug |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 alpha (IL1a), with potential antineoplastic, anti-cachectic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, vilamakitug targets, binds to, and inhibits the activity of IL1a. This may inhibit IL1a-mediated tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and cachexia. IL1a, an inflammatory mediator expressed on monocytes, platelets and overexpressed by certain tumors, plays a key role in the promotion… |
Vilaprisan |
An orally available progestin and selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM), with potential anti-progesterone and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, vilaprisan competitively binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) in progesterone-responsive tissue and inhibits PR-mediated gene expression. This interferes with progesterone activity in the reproductive system and may inhibit PR-mediated proliferative effects in cells overexpressing PRs. As a result, this agent may suppr… |
Vilzemetkib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the oncoprotein c-Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration vilzemetkib targets and binds to the c-Met protein, prevents c-Met phosphorylation and disrupts c-Met-dependent signal transduction pathways. This may induce cell death in tumor cells overexpressing c-Met protein or expressing constitutively activated c-Met protein. c-Met protein is overexpressed or mutated in many… |
Vimseltinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase receptor colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R; CSF-1R; C-FMS; CD115; M-CSFR), with potential antineoplastic, macrophage checkpoint-inhibitory and immunomodulating activities. Upon administration, vimseltinib targets and binds to CSF1R expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts and inhibits the binding of the CSF1R ligands colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and interleukin-34 (IL-34), to CSF1R. This prevents CSF1R activa… |
Vinblastine |
A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vinblastine binds to tubulin and inhibits microtubule formation, resulting in disruption of mitotic spindle assembly and arrest of tumor cells in the M phase of the cell cycle. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. (NCI04) |
Vinblastine Sulfate |
The sulfate salt of vinblastine, a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) with antineoplastic properties. Vinblastine disrupts microtubule formation and function during mitosis and interferes with glutamic acid metabolism. (NCI04) |
Vincristine |
A natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea Linn. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesi… |
Vincristine Liposomal |
A liposomal formulation of Vincristine designed to reduce toxicity and improve efficacy. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucle… |
Vincristine Sulfate |
The sulfate salt of a natural alkaloid isolated from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Vinca rosea L.) with antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vincristine binds irreversibly to microtubules and spindle proteins in S phase of the cell cycle and interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle, thereby arresting tumor cells in metaphase. This agent also depolymerizes microtubules and may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP, and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca(2+)… |
Vincristine Sulfate Liposome |
A sphingomyelin/cholesterol liposomal formulation of vincristine sulfate with potential antineoplastic activity. Vincristine, a vinca alkaloid isolated from the plant Vinca rosea, irreversibly binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics, thereby preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and leading to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. Liposomal encapsulation prolongs bioavailability of vincristine, increases its delivery to tumor tissues… |
Vindesine |
A synthetic derivative of vinblastine, a naturally occurring vinca alkaloid. Vindesine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby interrupting tubulin polymerization and preventing the formation of the mitotic spindle and cell division; treated cells are unable to undergo mitosis and are arrested in metaphase. This agent also disrupts macromolecular synthesis. (NCI04) |
Vinepidine |
A vinca alkaloid compound and semi-synthetic vincristine derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vinepidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin, thereby preventing tubulin polymerization and depolymerization, which result in microtubule assembly and disassembly, respectively. Treated cells are unable to complete mitosis process and are arrested in the metaphase, thereby leading to an inhibition of cell growth. |
Vinflunine |
A bi-fluorinated derivative of the semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antitubulin, antineoplastic, and antiangiogenic activities. Vinflunine inhibits tubulin assembly without any stablization of assembled microtubules at concentrations comparable to those of other vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, vinblastine and vinorelbine; this effect on microtubule dynamics results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and apoptosis. Compared to other vinca alkaloids, this agent binds weakly to t… |
Vinflunine Ditartrate |
The ditartrate salt of vinflunine, a bi-fluorinated derivative of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities. Vinflunine binds to tubulin and inhibits tubulin assembly and disrupts microtubule assembly dynamics. This results in cell cycle arrest in mitosis and an induction of apoptosis. |
Vinfosiltine |
An aminophosphonate derivative of a vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinfosiltine exerts its antineoplastic action just like its parent compound, vinblastine, by immobilizing tubulin molecules, thereby interrupting microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinfosiltine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. |
Vinorelbine |
A semisynthetic vinca alkaloid. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin and prevents formation of the mitotic spindle, resulting in the arrest of tumor cell growth in metaphase. This agent may also interfere with amino acid, cyclic AMP. and glutathione metabolism; calmodulin-dependent Ca++ -transport ATPase activity; cellular respiration; and nucleic acid and lipid biosynthesis. |
Vinorelbine Tartrate |
The ditartrate salt of a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid derived from the leaves of the periwinkle plant (Vinca rosea) with antineoplastic properties. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine’s neurotoxicity. Compared to re… |
Vinorelbine Tartrate Emulsion |
An emulsion containing the tartrate salt of the semisynthetic vinca alkaloid vinorelbine with antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules; cell division is prevented, the cell cycle is arrested metaphase and cell death ensues. In this formulation vinorelbine is emulsified in a homogeneous suspension of nanoparticles, which protects the venous endothelium from coming into direct contact with the active ingredient, potentially reduc… |
Vinorelbine Tartrate Oral |
An orally bioavailable tartrate salt of vinorelbine, a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Vinorelbine binds to tubulin, thereby inhibiting tubulin polymerization into microtubules and spindle formation and resulting in apoptosis of susceptible cancer cells. Inhibition of mitotic microtubules correlates with antitumor activity, whereas inhibition of axonal microtubules seems to correlate with vinorelbine’s neurotoxicity. Compared to related vinca alkaloids, vi… |
Vintafolide |
A water-soluble, folate-receptor-targeted conjugate of folate and the vinca alkaloid desacetylvinblastine monohydrazide (DAVLBH) with potential antineoplastic activity. The folate moiety of vintafolide binds to folic acid receptors on the tumor cell surface and the agent is internalized via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis, delivering the tubulin-binding DAVLBH moiety directly into the tumor cell; DAVLBH binding to tubulin results in the disruption of microtubule assembly-disassembly dyna… |
Vinzolidine |
An orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. |
Vinzolidine Sulfate |
The sulfate salt of vinzolidine, an orally active semisynthetic vinca alkaloid with potential antineoplastic activity. Like other vinca alkaloid compounds, vinzolidine binds to and stabilizes tubulin molecules, thereby interfering with microtubule assembly/disassembly dynamics. As a result, vinzolidine prevents mitotic spindle formation and leads to cell cycle arrest in metaphase. |
Viral Vector-based Cancer Vaccine VAC85135 |
An off-the-shelf (OTS) cancer vaccine consisting of a viral vector encoding certain neoantigens, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of the viral vector-based cancer vaccine VAC85135, the expressed neoantigens elicit a specific and potent cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing these neoantigens. |
Virulizin |
A natural biological response modifier (BRM) isolated from bovine reticuloendothelial tissue. Viruzlin may enhance cell-mediated immune response to tumor cells by direct macrophage activation. (NCI04) |
Vislarafusp Alfa |
A bispecific antibody directed against both the human tyrosine kinase receptor epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2) and the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of vislarafusp alfa, the anti-HER2 moiety selectively targets and binds to the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) HER2 on HER2-expressing tumor cells, thereby improving the binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the HER2-e… |
Vismodegib |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of SMO and the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vismodegib targets, binds to and inhibits the cell membrane-spanning G-protein coupled receptor SMO, which may result in the suppression of Hh pathway signaling and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation and survival. SMO is activated upon binding of Hh ligand to the cell surface receptor Patched (PTCH); inappropriate activation of Hh signali… |
Vistusertib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with potential antineoplastic activity. Vistusertib inhibits the activity of mTOR, which may result in the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and a decrease in tumor cell proliferation. mTOR, a serine/threonine kinase that is upregulated in a variety of tumors, plays an important role downstream in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. |
Visugromab |
A humanized, hinge-stabilized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15; macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1; MIC-1; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-inducible gene-1; NAG-1; placental transforming growth factor-beta; pTGFB; prostate-derived factor; PDF; placental bone morphogenetic protein; PLAB), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, visugromab specifically targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of GDF… |
Vitamin D3 Analogue ILX23-7553 |
A vitamin D3 analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. ILX23-7553 binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor, a cytoplasmic polypeptide expressed in normal vitamin D responsive tissues, but also overexpressed in certain cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Mediated through vitamin D receptor, this agent induces cancer cell differentiation, inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis. In addition, ILX23-7553 may also induce growth arrest and apopto… |
Vitamin E Compound |
A natural fat-soluble antioxidant with potential chemopreventive activity. Also known as tocopherol, vitamin E ameliorates free-radical damage to biological membranes, protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) within membrane phospholipids and within circulating lipoproteins. Peroxyl radicals react 1000-fold faster with vitamin E than with PUFA. In the case of oxygen free radical-mediated tumorigenesis, vitamin E may be chemopreventive. (NCI04) |
Vitespen |
An autologous cancer vaccine derived from tumor-specific gp96 heat shock proteins. Heat shock proteins chaperone peptides through the endoplasmic reticulum, are key regulators of dendritic cell maturation, migration and antigen processing, and are involved in T-cell activation. (NCI04) |
Vixtimotamab |
An anti-CD33/anti-CD3 bispecific tetravalent antibody, with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Anti-CD33/CD3 tetravalent bispecific monoclonal antibody AMV564 possesses two antigen-recognition and binding sites, one for the CD3 complex, a group of T-cell surface glycoproteins that complex with the T-cell receptor (TCR), and one for CD33, a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) overexpressed on the surface of a variety of tumor cell types. Upon infusion of vixtimotamab, this b… |
Vobramitamab Duocarmazine |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of vobamitamab, an anti-B7-homolog 3 (B7-H3, CD276) humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/kappa monoclonal antibody, conjugated to the cleavable linker-duocarmycin payload duocarmazine (valine-citrulline-seco duocarmycin hydroxybenzamide azaindole; vc-seco-DUBA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of vobramitamab duocarmazine, vobramitamab specifically targets and binds to the cell surface antigen B7-H3, leading to internalizati… |
Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec |
A replication competent retroviral vector, derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV), encoding a modified form of the yeast suicide gene cytosine deaminase (CD) (Toca 511) used as an antineoplastic adjuvant. Upon transcranial injection, vocimagene amiretrorepvec preferentially enters and transfects tumor cells, and expresses cytosine deaminase, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the prodrug flucytosine (5-FC) into the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-F… |
Vociprotafib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vociprotafib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, diffe… |
Vodobatinib |
An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vodobatinib selectively targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including various Bcr-Abl mutant forms, such as those with the ‘gatekeeper’ resistance mutation T315I. This inhibits proliferation of Bcr-Abl-expressing tumor cells. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by certain leukemia cells. T315I, an amino acid s… |
Vodudeutentan Sodium |
An antagonist of the immune checkpoint endothelin B receptor (ETBR; EDNRB), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the ETBR blocker ENB 003 selectively targets and binds to ETBR expressed on tumor cells. This prevents ETBR-mediated signaling and may abrogate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), may enhance a T-cell mediated anti-tumor immune response and may inhibit proliferation of ETBR-expressing tumor cells. ETBR, a G-protein coup… |
Vofatamab |
A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the fibroblast growth factor receptor type 3 (FGFR3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, vofatamab specifically binds to and inhibits both wild-type and mutated forms of FGFR3. This may result in the inhibition of FGFR3 phosphorylation, and thereby preventing its activation and FGFR3-mediated signal transduction pathways. This results in the inhibition of cell proliferation and the indu… |
Volasertib |
A dihydropteridinone Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Volasertib selectively inhibits Plk1, inducing selective G2/M arrest followed by apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells while causing reversible cell arrest at the G1 and G2 stage without apoptosis in normal cells. Plk1, named after the polo gene of Drosophila melanogaster, is a serine/threonine protein kinase involved in regulating mitotic spindle function in a non-ATP competitive manner. |
Volociximab |
A chimeric monoclonal antibody with potential antineoplastic activity. Volociximab binds to and inhibits the activity of alpha(5)beta(1) integrin, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis. (NCI05) |
Volrustomig |
An engineered fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain bispecific human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, volrustomig targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte… |
Von Hippel-Lindau Peptide Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine composed of peptides derived from a tumor-associated protein encoded by a mutated Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) oncogene. VHL peptide vaccine may stimulate a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells expressing the VHL tumor-associated protein. (NCI04) |
Vonlerolizumab |
An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody against the receptor, OX40 (CD134), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, vonlerolizumab selectively binds to and activates OX40, by mimicking the action of endogenous OX40 ligand (OX40L). OX40 activation induces proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes and inhibits the activity of regulatory T-cells. In the presence of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), this may promote an immune response agai… |
Vopikitug |
A monoclonal antibody against CD25 (IL-2R alpha), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vopikitug targets and binds to CD25 expressed on tumor-infiltrating regulatory T (Treg) cells. This may deplete Treg cells and prevent immunosuppression, thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. CD25, the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, is highly expressed on Treg cells but not on effector T (Teff) cells in tumors. |
Vopratelimab |
An agonistic humanized monoclonal antibody that recognizes inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, anti-ICOS agonist monoclonal antibody JTX-2011 targets and binds to ICOS expressed on certain T-cells. This stimulates ICOS-mediated signaling, induces proliferation of ICOS-positive T-cells, enhances cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) survival and augments the CTL-mediated immune response against tumor cells. ICOS, a T-cell specific, … |
Vorasidenib |
An orally available inhibitor of mutated forms of both isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1, IDH1 [NADP+] soluble) in the cytoplasm and type 2 (IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP+], mitochondrial) in the mitochondria, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, vorasidenib specifically inhibits mutant forms of IDH1 and IDH2, thereby inhibiting the formation of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) from alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG). This prevents 2HG-mediated signaling … |
Vorbipiprant |
A small molecule, orally bioavailable antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 (PTGER4; EP4), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, vorbipiprant selectively targets and binds to EP4, thereby inhibiting the binding of the immunosuppressive prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to EP4 and preventing the activation of EP4. This inhibits PGE2-EP4-mediated signaling and inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells in which the PGE2-EP4 signaling pathw… |
Vorinostat |
A synthetic hydroxamic acid derivative with antineoplastic activity. Vorinostat, a second generation polar-planar compound, binds to the catalytic domain of the histone deacetylases (HDACs). This allows the hydroxamic moiety to chelate zinc ion located in the catalytic pockets of HDAC, thereby inhibiting deacetylation and leading to an accumulation of both hyperacetylated histones and transcription factors. Hyperacetylation of histone proteins results in the upregulation of the cyclin-dependa… |
Vorolanib |
An orally available small molecule dual inhibitor targeting human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) with antiangiogenic and antineoplastic activities. Vorolanib inhibits all isoforms of VEGFR and PDGFR, which may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation, and the induction of tumor cell death. Both VEGFRs and PDGFRs are receptor tyrosine kinases that may be upregulated in various tumor … |
Vorsetzumab Mafodotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody, directed against the extracellular domain of the human CD70 molecule, conjugated to the auristatin analogue monomethyl auristatin phenylalanine (MMAF), with potential antineoplastic activity. The anti-CD70 antibody moiety of vorsetuzumab mafodotin selectively binds to the extracellular domain of CD70 on tumor cell surfaces. Upon internalization, the MMAF moiety is released, binds to tubulin and inhibits its polyme… |
Voruciclib |
A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, voruciclib selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and 6 (CDK6). This inhibits retinoblastoma (Rb) protein phosphorylation early in the G1 phase, which prevents CDK-mediated G1-S phase transition and leads to cell cycle arrest. This suppresses DNA replication and decreases tumor cell proliferation. CDK4 and 6 are serine/threonine kinases that are upregulated in many tumor cell … |
Vosaroxin |
A small molecule and a naphthyridine analogue with antineoplastic activity. Vosaroxin intercalates into DNA in a site-specific manner and blocks the re-ligation process carried out by topoisomerase II during DNA replication. As a result, inhibition of DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis occurs, followed by cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and induced p53-independent apoptosis. This agent shows a favorable toxicity profile in several aspects: it does not generate reactive oxygen species, a… |
Vosilasarm |
An orally bioavailable, non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM), with potential tissue-selective androgenic/anti-androgenic activities. Upon oral administration, vosilasarm acts as an agonist in select tissues, such as skeletal muscle and bone, where it binds to and activates androgen receptors (ARs). In the prostate and breasts, vosilasarm acts as an antagonist and blocks AR activation and AR-mediated cellular proliferation. Therefore, this agent may improve bone formation… |
Voxalatamab |
An immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) bispecific antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), fused to one that is directed against the CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, voxalatamab simultaneously binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and PSMA found on PSMA-expressing tumor cells…. |
Voxtalisib |
An orally bioavailable small molecule targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases in the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Voxtalisib inhibits both PI3K kinase and mTOR kinase, which may result in tumor cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway promotes cell growth, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; mTOR, a se… |
VSV-GP BI 1831169 |
A recombinant, live-attenuated, oncolytic chimeric virus derived from the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a single-stranded RNA virus, and containing a genetically modified glycoprotein (GP), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VSV-GP BI 1831169 preferentially replicates in tumor cells. Due to defective antiviral host defense mechanisms in tumor cells, VSV-GP BI 1831169 is able to replicate in tumor cells without interference. This induces VSV… |
VSV-GP-based Cancer Vaccine VSV-GP128 |
A boosting cancer vaccine comprised of the recombinant chimeric oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) viral vector VSV-GP containing as of yet undisclosed peptide(s) derived from as of yet undisclosed tumor-associated antigen(s) (TAAs) that are specific for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, VSV-GP-based cancer vaccine VSV-GP128 preferentially replicates in tumor cells. Due to defective antiviral host defe… |
Vudalimab |
A Fc-engineered bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4; CTLA-4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vudalimab targets and binds to both PD-1 and CTLA4 expressed on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs) and inhibits the PD-1- and CTLA4-mediated downregulation of T-cell ac… |
Vulinacimab |
A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vulinacimab specifically binds to and inhibits VEGFR-2, which may inhibit tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation. VEGFR-2, a tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells, is overexpr… |
Vusolimogene Oderparepvec |
A genetically modified oncolytic viral strain of the herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1) virus, with potential oncolytic, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, vusolimogene oderparepvec specifically targets, infects and replicates in tumor cells only while not infecting normal, healthy cells. This induces tumor cell lysis. The released virus particles, infect and replicate in neighboring tumor cells, thereby further killing tumor cells. The released tumor-associated … |
W_pro1 Cancer Vaccine |
A messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based cancer vaccine that encodes five prostate cancer-selective off-the-shelf shared antigens that are separately complexed with liposomes to form serum-stable RNA lipoplexes (RNA-LPX), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration of the W_pro1 cancer vaccine, the RNA-LPX are taken up by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), especially dendritic cells (DCs). Upon uptake, the antigens are translated, processed, a… |
Wee1 Inhibitor APR-1051 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wee1 inhibitor APR-1051 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) and 2 (CDK2) phosphorylation, promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, which results in the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. This le… |
Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor Debio 0123 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu), with potential antineoplastic sensitizing activity. Upon oral administration of Debio 0123, this agent targets, binds to and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 inhibits Cdk1 (Cdc2) phosphorylation, promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, which results in the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. This leads to apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells, such as… |
Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor IMP7068 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wee1 kinase inhibitor IMP7068 targets, binds to and inhibits Wee1. Inhibition of Wee1 inhibits Cdk1 (Cdc2) phosphorylation, promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, which results in the accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage. This leads to apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells, such as p53-de… |
Wee1/Myt1 Inhibitor SGR-3515 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Wee1-like protein kinase (Wee1; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu) and membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase (PKMYT1; Myt1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wee1/Myt1 inhibitor SGR-3515 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of Wee1 and Myt1. This inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1; CDC2) and 2 (CDK2) phosphorylation, promotes both premature mitosis and a prolonged mitotic arrest, and lea… |
Wee1/PKMYT1 Inhibitor ACR-2316 |
An orally bioavailable and selectively inhibitor of the human tyrosine kinase Wee1 (Wee1-like protein kinase; Wee1A kinase; WEE1hu) and membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase (PKMYT1; Myt1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wee1/PKMYT1 inhibitor ACR-2316 targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of both Wee1 and PKMYT1. This inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1; CDC2) and 2 (CDK2) phosphorylation, promotes both premat… |
Welgenaleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that are engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) composed of an anti-cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) single chain variable fragment (scFv) linked to the signaling domains of 4-1BB (CD137) and the zeta chain of the TCR/CD3 complex (TCRzeta; CD247; CD3zeta), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, welgenaleucel targets, binds to and induces selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells… |
Whey Protein Isolate-based Nutritional Supplement |
A nutritional supplement composed of a lactose- and gluten-free whey-based protein isolate and containing various vitamins and minerals, with potential immunomodulating activity. In addition to whey protein isolate, this supplement contains phosphoric acid, L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, vitamin E, zinc, ferrous sulfate, niacinamide, vitamin A, calcium pantothenate, copper, manganese, vitamin D3, pyridoxine, thiamine, riboflavin, folic acid, biotin, iodine, phytonadione, and vitamin B12. Upon adm… |
White Button Mushroom Extract |
A heat-stable extract of white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) with potential chemopreventive and immunomodulating activities. Phytochemicals, such as polysaccharides and especially beta-D-glucans found in the white button mushroom extract, bind to and inhibit the activity of aromatase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens and which is often upregulated in breast cancer cells. The consequent decrease in estrogen production may result in the suppression of es… |
White Carrot |
A vegetable, also known as Arracacha, with potential chemoprevenitve, anti-oxidant and protective activities. White carrot contains a variety of nutrients, including minerals and vitamins. Polyacetylenes, including falcarinol, falcarindiol and falcarindiol-3-acetate are mainly responsible for its potential anti-cancer activity. |
Wnt Signaling Inhibitor APL-5125 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule kinase inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wnt signaling inhibitor APL-5125 targets and binds to an as of yet undisclosed kinase in the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby preventing Wnt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit growth of tumor cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is upregulated in many cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell pro… |
Wnt Signaling Inhibitor SM04755 |
An orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, Wnt signaling inhibitor SM04755 targets and binds to an as of yet undisclosed target in the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby preventing Wnt-mediated signaling. This may inhibit growth of tumor cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is upregulated in many cancers and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. |
Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor SM08502 |
An orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, SM08502 inhibits the expression of genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway through an as of yet not fully elucidated mechanism. This decreased expression of Wnt pathway-related genes prevents Wnt signaling and may inhibit proliferation of cancer cells in which the Wnt signaling pathway is overactivated. The Wnt signaling pathway is dysregulated i… |
Wnt-5a Mimic Hexapeptide Foxy-5 |
A formylated, six amino acid, Wnt5a-derived peptide and wnt-5a mimetic with potential anti-metastatic activity. Upon intravenous administration, Wnt-5a mimic hexapeptide foxy-5 binds to and activates the wnt-5a receptors, Frizzled-2 and -5, which activates wnt-5a-mediated signaling. Increased wnt-5a signaling may inhibit endothelial tumor cell migration and invasion. This may decrease metastasis of susceptible tumor cells. However, foxy-5 does not affect tumor cell proliferation or apoptosis…. |
Wobe-Mugos E |
An enzymatic preparation containing proteolytic enzymes papain, trypsin and chymotrypsin with potential anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic activities. Papain can be extracted from the fruit of the papaya plant. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are serine proteases produced and secreted by the pancreas. Although its exact mechanisms has yet to be fully illustrated, Wobe-Mugos E appears to have the ability to modulate the immune system by degrading cytokines, and cytokine receptors and clearing cir… |
WRN Inhibitor HRO761 |
An orally bioavailable selective and allosteric inhibitor of the Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase (WRN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WRN inhibitor HRO761 allosterically binds at the interface of the D1 and D2 helicase domains of WRN, thereby locking WRN in an inactive conformation. This induces double-stranded DNA breaks and activates the DNA damage response (DDR) to induce WRN degradation. This promotes cell cycle arrest and cell death in, and inhi… |
WRN Inhibitor RO7589831 |
An orally bioavailable and small molecule inhibitor of Werner syndrome ATP-dependent helicase (WRN; RecQ protein-like 2; Werner syndrome protein), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, WRN inhibitor RO7589831 covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of WRN. This may inhibit the growth of cancers with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H). WRN, a multifunctional enzyme with helicase, ATPase, and exonuclease activities, plays an important role in maintaining g… |
WT1 124-138 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide vaccine consisting of a HLA-DR15-restricted human Wilms’ Tumor protein-1 (WT1) peptide comprised of amino acids 124 through 138, a HLA class II-restricted WT1 peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Vaccination with WT1 124-138 peptide may stimulate a CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing cells. Activated helper T-cells stimulate dendritic cells, and activate the proliferation of other T-lymphoctes and B… |
WT1 126-134 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide vaccine consisting of the amino acids 126 through 134 of the human Wilms’ Tumor protein-1 (WT1) with potential antitumor activity. WT1, a tumor associated antigen, is overexpressed in most types of leukemia and in a variety of solid cancers. Vaccination with WT1 126-134 peptide vaccine may induce a WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1 expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. |
WT1 235-243 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide vaccine consisting of a HLA-A24-restricted human Wilms’ Tumor protein-1 (WT1) peptide comprised of amino acids 235 through 243, a MHC class I-restricted peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Vaccination with WT1 235-243 peptide may induce a WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1 expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. WT1, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed … |
WT1 247-261 Peptide Vaccine |
A synthetic peptide vaccine consisting of a HLA-DRw53-restricted human Wilms’ Tumor protein-1 (WT1) peptide comprised of amino acids 247 through 261, a HLA class II-restricted WT1 peptide, with potential immunomodulating and antitumor activities. Vaccination with WT1 247-261 peptide may stimulate a CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing cells. Activated helper T-cells stimulate dendritic cells, and activate the proliferation of other T-lymphoctes and … |
WT1 Analog Peptide Vaccine |
A peptide vaccine comprised of an epitope of human Wilms tumor 1 (WT-1) with potential antineoplastic activity. WT-1, a transcription factor, is overexpressed in most types of leukemia and in some solid cancers. Vaccination with the WT-1 analog peptide vaccine may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT-1 expressing cells, resulting in cell lysis and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. |
WT1 mRNA-Electroporated Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cancer vaccine containing autologous dendritic cells electroporated with full-length mRNA encoding Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) antigen with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1 mRNA-electroporated autologous dendritic cell vaccine may elicit a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against tumor cells expressing WT1. Wt1 is frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumor cell types and often correlates with disease progression and poor prognosis. |
WT1 Peptide Vaccine OCV-501 |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, WT1 peptide vaccine OCV-501 may stimulate a CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in some solid tumors. |
WT1 Peptide Vaccine WT2725 |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of a peptide derived from Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT2725 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in a vast number of non-hematological solid tumors. |
WT1 Peptide-loaded Allogeneic Dendritic Cell Vaccine |
A cell-based cancer vaccine composed of donor-derived dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with three, human leukocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2)-binding peptides derived from the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Wilms tumor protein 1 (WT1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon vaccination, WT1 peptide-loaded allogeneic DC vaccine exposes the immune system to WT1-derived peptides and may stimulate the host immune system to mount a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response agai… |
WT1 Protein-derived Peptide Vaccine DSP-7888 |
A peptide cancer vaccine comprised of peptides derived from the Wilms tumor gene 1 (WT1) protein, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1 protein-derived peptide vaccine DSP-7888 may induce a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, DSP-7888 induces a helper T-lymphocyte-mediated immune response against WT1 expressing tumor cells. WT1 protein, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein and transc… |
WT1/PRAME/Survivin-specific Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes |
A preparation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) specifically reactive to the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) human Wilms tumor protein (WT1), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME; melanoma antigen preferentially expressed in tumors; Opa-interacting protein 4; OIP-4), and survivin (baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5; BIRC5), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon collection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), these cells are sti… |
WT1/PRAME/Survivin-specific T-cells MANA-312 |
A preparation of off-the-shelf (OTS) donor-derived T-lymphocytes that are reactive to multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. T-cells derived from allogeneic donor leukocytes are stimulated with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) that are pulsed with a mix of peptides derived from the three TAAs Wilms tumor 1 (WT1), preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME; melanoma antigen preferentially expressed in tumors; Opa… |
WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding Plasmid DNA INO-5401 |
A preparation composed of three separate DNA plasmids encoding the tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) Wilms tumor gene-1 (WT1), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activites. Upon intramuscular delivery and electroporation of the WT1/PSMA/hTERT-encoding plasmid DNA INO-5401, the genes are translated into their respective proteins inside the cell. The expressed proteins activate the immu… |
WT1-A10/AS01B Immunotherapeutic GSK2130579A |
An immunotherapeutic consisting of the recombinant fusion protein WT1-A10 combined with the adjuvant ASO1B with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1-A10/AS01B immunotherapeutic GSK2130579AWT1 may induce a WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against WT1-expressing tumor cells, resulting in cell lysis and the inhibition of cellular proliferation. The tumor-associated antigen WT1 (Wilms tumor protein-1) is overexpressed in most types… |
WT1-H/K-HELP-survivin-H/K-HELP-MAGE-A4-H / K-HELP-MUC1-22 Peptide-loaded Autologous Dendritic Cells |
A preparation of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with helper/killer-hybrid epitope long peptides (H/K-HELP) of Wilms tumor 1 (WT1 H/K-HELP), survivin, melanoma-associated antigen 4 (MAGE-4) and human mucin 1-22 (Muc1-22), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of WT1-H/K-HELP-survivin-H/K-HELP-MAGE-A4-H / K-HELP-Muc1-22 peptide-loaded autologous DCs may stimulate the host immune system to mount an anti-tumoral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), T… |
WT1-loaded Artificial Adjuvant Vector Cell Immunotherapeutic ASP7517 |
A preparation of artificial adjuvant vector cells (aAVCs) composed of cells from the cell line HEK293, which is derived from human embryonic kidney cells, that are transfected with the natural killer T (NKT) immune cell receptor cluster of differentiation 1d (CD1d) and loaded with the glycolipid and CD1d ligand alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) on the cell surface, and loaded with the full-length tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1), with potential immunomodulating and an… |
WT1-Sensitized Allogeneic T-Lymphocytes |
A population of allogeneic T-cells sensitized with Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) antigen with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, WT1-sensitized T cells may bind to and lyse WT1-expressing tumor cells. WT1 antigen, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein acting as a transcriptional activator or repressor depending on the cellular or chromosomal context, is overexpressed in leukemic cells and in a vast number of nonhematological solid tumors. |
WT1-targeted IL-2-based Fusion Protein CUE-102 |
A Fc-engineered fusion protein composed of two human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules presenting a Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1) peptide that are each linked to two affinity-attenuated interleukin 2 (IL-2; IL2) molecules, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. The HLA molecules presenting a WT1 peptide are peptide-HLA-A*0201 major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) derived from the WT1 peptide encoded by the amino acids 37-45. Upon administration of CUE-102, the pMHC moiety sel… |
Xaluritamig |
A humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bispecific antibody directed against both the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 1 (STEAP1) and the T-cell surface antigen CD3, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, xaluritamig targets and binds to both STEAP1 expressed on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 expressed on T-cells. This results in the cross-linking of tumor cells and T-cells, and induces a cytotox… |
Xanthohumol |
A prenylated flavonoid derived from the female flowers of the hops plant (Humulus lupulus L), with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, xanthohumol scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing DNA damage due to oxidative stress. In addition, xanthohumol is able to increase the expression of phase II cytoprotective enzymes, thereby inactivating carcinogens. This agent exerts anti-inflammatory activity, through the inhibition of inflammati… |
XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 Multipeptide Vaccine PVX-410 |
A cancer vaccine containing immunogenic, HLA-A2-specific epitopes derived from X-box-binding protein 1-unspliced (XBP1-US), XBP1-spliced (SP), syndecan-1 (CD138), and CS1 (CD2 subset 1, CRACC, SLAMF7, CD319) with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon subcutaneous administration, XBP1-US/XBP1-SP/CD138/CS1 multipeptide vaccine PVX-410 may stimulate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response against the four myeloma-specific antigens. The tumor associ… |
Xenogeneic Tyrosinase DNA Vaccine |
A plasmid DNA vaccine, encoding an epitope of mouse tyrosinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Administered via intramuscular electroporation, vaccination with xenogeneic tyrosinase DNA vaccine may induce both humoral and cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses against melanoma cells that express tyrosinase, resulting in decreased tumor growth. |
Xentuzumab |
A humanized IgG1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) monoclonal antibody targeting the IGF ligands 1 (IGF-1) and 2 (IGF-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, xentuzumab binds to both IGF-1 and IGF-2 and inhibits the binding of these ligands to their receptor, IGF-1R. This blocks the insulin growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway, which is upregulated in a number of cancer cell types and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and chemoresistance. In addition, BI 8… |
Xevinapant |
An orally available mimetic of the natural second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac) and inhibitor of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs), with potential immunomodulating, apoptotic-inducing, chemo-radio-sensitizing and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration,xevinapant targets and binds to the Smac binding groove on IAPs, including the direct caspase inhibitor X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP), and the cellular IAPs 1 (c-IAP1) and 2 (c-IAP2). This inhibits the act… |
Xiaoai Jiedu Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoction composed of Oldenlandia, Kuh-seng, Codonopsis pilosula, bighead atractylodes rhizome, smoked plum, the rhizome of Chinese goldthread, rhizome zingiberis preparata and semen Coicis, with potential chemopreventive and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of Xiaoai Jiedu decoction, the active ingredients in this decoction may inhibit a variety of signal transduction pathways involved in carcinogenesis. This may induce cell cycle arrest and… |
XIAP Antisense Oligonucleotide AEG35156 |
A second-generation synthetic antisense oligonucleotide with potential antineoplastic activity. AEG35156 selectively blocks the cellular expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a pivotal inhibitor of apoptosis that is overexpressed in many tumors. This agent reduces total levels of XIAP in tumor cells, working synergistically with cytotoxic drugs to overcome tumor cell resistance to apoptosis. XIAP interferes with both the intrinsic and extrinsic program-death signaling … |
Xiliertinib |
An orally available, ATP-competitive inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, xiliertinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation and tumor vascularization. |
Xirestomig |
A bispecific antibody composed of a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) fused with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) targeting 4-1BB (CD137; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential checkpoint inhibitory, immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, xirestomig simultaneously targets and binds to 4-1BB, which is expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets includi… |
XPO1 Inhibitor WJ01024 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XPO1 inhibitor WJ01024 reversibly binds to the cargo binding site of XPO1, and prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), such as p53, FOXO, p21, and p27, and leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tum… |
XPO1 Inhibitor WJ01075 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1; chromosome region maintenance 1 protein homolog; CRM1), with potential antineoplastic and pro-apoptotic activities. Upon administration, XPO1 inhibitor WJ01075 targets and binds to XPO1, and prevents the XPO1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), such as p53, FOXO, p21, and p27. This leads to their selective accumulation in the nuclei of tumor cells, which restore… |
Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody CC49 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of the humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) CC49 labeled with Yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb CC49 recognizes the pancarcinoma tumor-associated glycoprotein (TAG)-72 with high affinity. Y-90 MoAb CC49 delivers beta particles emitting Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express TAG-72, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapeutic treatment of cancers. |
Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody HMFG1 |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of HMFG1, a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor associated antigen mucin-1 (MUC-1), labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90), with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety targets and binds to MUC-1 on the surface of certain tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, pemtumomab and delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to MUC1-expressing tumor cells. MUC1, a gl… |
Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Lym-1 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of a murine monoclonal antibody, MoAb Lym-1, labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90). MoAb Lym-1 recognizes an epitope of the histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR, which is over-expressed on most B-cell lymphomas. Y-90 MoAb Lym-1 delivers Y-90 radionuclide directly to tumor cells that express HLA-DR antigen, thereby this agent may be used in radioimmunotherapy of cancers. |
Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody m170 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of m170 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb m170 is a murine MoAb that recognizes MUC-1 antigen present on the surface of many adenocarcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that cause cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses. |
Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody M195 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of humanized M195 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb M195 is reactive with the cell surface antigen CD33, a glycoprotein found on myeloid leukemia blasts and early hematopoietic progenitor cells but not on normal stem cells. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both imaging and therapeutic uses. |
Yang Yin Fu Zheng |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, Yang Yin Fu Zheng may activate the immune system and may help inhibit tumor cell proliferation. This TCM may also help remove toxic substances. |
Yangzheng Xiaoji Extract |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based formulation containing the Yangzheng Xiaoji (YZXJ) extract, consisting of various components, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Some of the main components in Yangzheng Xiaoji are Radix Astragali, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Radix Ginseng, Ganoderma, Rhizoma Curcumac, Fried Rhizoma Atractylodis, Macrocephalae and Herba Hedyotidis. Although the exact mechanism(s) through which Yangzheng Xiaoji exerts its effects have yet to be… |
YAP/TEAD Interaction Inhibitor IAG933 |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the interaction between the transcription coactivator yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and the transcription factor TEAD (TEA domain), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, YAP/TEAD inhibitor IAG933 disrupts the interaction between YAP and TEAD, thereby disrupting the interaction between the transcription coactivators YAP/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and TEAD. This may inhibit YAP/TAZ-TEAD promoted gene … |
YAP1 Antisense Oligonucleotide ION537 |
An antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting the transcription coactivator yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, YAP1 ASO ION537 targets and binds to messenger RNA (mRNA) for YAP1, thereby inhibiting translation of YAP1. Suppression of YAP1 expression prevents the binding of YAP1 to transcription factors, thereby inhibiting gene transcription involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. The Hippo/YAP1 pathway is dysregulated in cer… |
Yiqi-yangyin-jiedu Herbal Decoction |
A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based formulation consisting of milkvetch root, glehnia root, asparagus root, lilyturf root, grossy privet fruit, spikemoss herb, Chinese sage herb, and manyleaf paris rhizome, with potential immuno-enhancing, detoxifying and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, yiqi-yangyin-jiedu decoction (YYJD) may activate the immune system by enhancing T-lymphocyte activity, and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. YYJD may also ameliorate the qi-yin defici… |
Young Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes |
A preparation of autologous young tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), that are isolated from the patient’s tumor tissue and minimally cultured ex vivo, with potential antineoplastic and immunomodulating activities. Upon re-administration of the young TILs, the TILs re-infiltrate the tumor, recognize the tumor cells and initiate tumor cell lysis. This inhibits tumor cell growth. |
Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD19 Monoclonal Antibody BU12 |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of the murine IgG1 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BU12 labeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antibody activities. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody BU12 binds to the CD19 molecule, specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to CD19-expressing B cells. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development, from pro-B-cell to early plasma cell stages. |
Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody AHN-12 |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the monoclonal antibody AHN-12 conjugated to the radioisotope yttrium 90 with potential radioimmunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody AHN-12 binds to the tyrosine phosphatase CD45, expressed on the surface of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. |
Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CD45 Monoclonal Antibody BC8 |
A radioimmunoconjugate containing the murine IgG1 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) BC8 labeled with yttrium 90 (Y90), with potential immunotherapeutic activity. Yttrium Y 90 anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody BC8 binds to CD45 antigen, a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase expressed on the surface of both normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. After binding and internalization by CD45-expressing tumor cells, this agent may deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. |
Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CDH3 Monoclonal Antibody FF-21101 |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting human cadherin-3 (CDH3) and labeled, via the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), with the beta-emitting radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, the antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 anti-CDH3 monoclonal antibody FF-21101 binds to CDH3 expressed on tumor cells, thereby specifically delivering cytotoxic beta radiation to … |
Yttrium Y 90 Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody cT84.66 |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a chimeric monoclonal antibody against human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody cT84.66 binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tumo… |
Yttrium Y 90 Basiliximab |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of basiliximab, a chimeric, mouse-human monoclonal antibody directed against the alpha subunit of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R alpha, CD25 or Tac antigen), and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The basiliximab moiety of yttrium Y 90 basiliximab selectively binds to IL-2R alpha expressed on the surface of activated T-lymphocytes, thereby preventing IL-2 binding and blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. The yttriu… |
Yttrium Y 90 Carbon Microspheres |
An injectable formulation composed of carbon microspheres loaded with the radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the yttrium Y 90 carbon microspheres selectively deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in both tumor cell death and tumor regression. |
Yttrium Y 90 Carbon Microspheres NRT6003 |
An injectable formulation composed of carbon microspheres loaded with the radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the yttrium Y 90 carbon microspheres NRT6003 selectively deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in both tumor cell death and tumor regression. |
Yttrium Y 90 Colloid |
An injectable, colloidal formulation of the radioisotope yttrium Y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. When injected into the tumor, the yttrium Y 90 colloid selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90 to the tumor site, which may result in both tumor cell death and tumor regression. |
Yttrium Y 90 Daclizumab |
A synthetic radioimmunoconjugate comprised of a humanized anti-interleukin-2 (IL-2) antibody linked to the radioisotope Yttrium 90 with potential antineoplastic activity. Daclizumab binds with high affinity to the Tac (also called CD25) subunit of the IL-2 receptor complex and inhibits the binding of IL-2, thereby blocking the IL-2-mediated activation of lymphocytes. As Yttrium Y 90 daclizumab, daclizumab delivers radiation specifically to lymphocytes that express the IL-2 receptor. (NCI04) |
Yttrium Y 90 DOTA Anti-CEA Monoclonal Antibody M5A |
A radioimmunoconjugate consisting of a monoclonal antibody directed against the human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) conjugated with the radioisotope yttrium 90 (Y-90) via the chelator tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with potential antineoplastic activity. The antibody moiety of yttrium Y 90 DOTA anti-CEA monoclonal antibody M5A binds to cells expressing the CEA antigen. Upon cellular internalization, this agent selectively delivers a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. CEA, a tu… |
Yttrium Y 90 Glass Microspheres |
An injectable formulation of yttrium Y 90 consisting of glass microspheres containing the radioisotope yttrium Y 90. When injected into the tumor vascular bed, yttrium Y 90 glass microspheres occlude tumor blood vessels and deliver a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to the tumor site, thereby reducing the tumor burden. (NCI04) |
Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody B3 |
A radioimmunoconjugate of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) B3 conjugated with isotope yttrium 90. MoAb B3 is a murine MoAb that recognizes a Lewis Y carbohydrate antigen present on the surface of many carcinomas. This radioimmunoconjugate emits beta particles that causes cytotoxicity in tumor cells and has both diagnostic and therapeutic uses. |
Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody BrE-3 |
A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a monoclonal antibody (BrE-3) directed against the tumor-associated antigen epithelial glycoprotein mucin chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody BrE-3 binds to tumor cells expressing epithelial glycoprotein mucin, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04) |
Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody Hu3S193 |
A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (hu3S193) directed against the tumor-associated Lewis Y epithelial antigen chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90. Yttrium Y 90 monoclonal antibody Hu3S193 binds to Lewis Y epithelial antigen-expressing tumor cells, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04) |
Yttrium Y 90 Monoclonal Antibody MN-14 |
A radioimmunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MN-14) directed against tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium 90 monoclonal antibody MN-14 binds to tumor cell expressing CEA, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. (NCI04) |
Yttrium Y 90 Tabituximab Barzuxetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate composed of a humanized monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OTSA101 against FZD10 and labeled with yttrium y 90, with potential antineoplastic activity. The MoAb moiety of yttrium Y 90-labeled anti-FZD10 monoclonal antibody OTSA101 binds to FZD10, thereby delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation to FZD10 positive tumor cells. FZD10 (also called CD350), a member of the Frizzled family of G protein-coupled receptors that is involved in the Wnt/beta-catenin/TCF signaling pathw… |
Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-Biotin |
A radioconjugate of biotin and yttrium Y 90 (Y-90) linked through the bifunctional macrocyclic chelating agent tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid (DOTA) with radioimmunotherapy property. Biotin is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, present in minute amounts in every living cell, while its level in cancerous tissue is higher than that of normal tissue. Y 90-DOTA-Biotin could be used in 3-step pre-targeting radioimmunotherapy that employs a tumor targeting antibody conjugated with streptav… |
Yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-HSG Peptide IMP-288 |
A radiolabeled divalent histamine-succinyl-glycine (HSG) hapten-peptide linked with the macrocyclic chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) to the beta-emitting radionuclide yttrium 90 (Y-90), with radioimmunotherapeutic activity. After pre-treating and targeting tumor cells with a bi-specific monoclonal antibody (BiMoAB) directed against both a tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and the HSG hapten-peptide, the HSG portion of the administered yttrium Y 90-DOTA-di-… |
Yttrium Y 90-Edotreotide |
A radioconjugate consisting of the octreotide derivative edotreotide labeled with yttrium 90 (Y-90) with potential radiotherapeutic uses. Similar to octreotide, yttrium Y 90-edotreotide binds to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), especially type 2 receptors, present on the cell membranes of many types of neuroendocrine tumor cells, delivering tissue-specific, beta-emitting nuclide Y-90-mediated cytotoxicity to SSTR-positive cells. Yttrium Y 90-edotreotide is produced by substituting tyrosine for… |
Yttrium Y-90 Clivatuzumab Tetraxetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody clivatuzumab, directed against the pancreatic cancer antigen MUC1, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 clivatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing MUC1 antigen, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. |
Yttrium Y-90 Epratuzumab Tetraxetan |
A radioimmunotherapeutic humanized murine monoclonal antibody (LL2) directed against the CD22 pan-B-cell antigen and chelated to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Y 90 humanized monoclonal antibody LL2 binds to tumor cells expressing CD22, delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. |
Yttrium Y-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan |
A radioimmunotherapeutic agent consisting of a murine monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody (ibritumomab) linked by the chelator tiuxetan to the radioisotope yttrium-90 (Y 90). Yttrium Y 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan binds to and specifically delivers beta radiation to CD20-expressing tumor cells, thereby minimizing the systemic effects of radiation. |
Yttrium Y-90 Tacatuzumab Tetraxetan |
A radioimmunoconjugate comprised of the humanized monoclonal antibody tacatuzumab, directed against alpha fetoprotein, that is conjugated to the chelating agent tetraxetan and radiolabeled with the beta-emitting radioisotope Yttrium Y 90. Yttrium Y 90 tacatuzumab tetraxetan binds to tumor cells expressing alpha fetoprotein, thereby selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta radiation. |
Yttrium-90 Polycarbonate Brachytherapy Plaque |
A polycarbonate-based semicylindrical plaque impregnated with yttrium Y 90 with radioisotopic and antineoplastic activities. An yttrium-90 polycarbonate brachytherapy plaque may be applied to a tumor site with a special brachytherapy applicator for a predetermined interval of time, selectively delivering a cytotoxic dose of beta-emitting yttrium Y 90. |
Zabadinostat |
A novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Although the exact therapeutic mechanism of action for CXD101 is not known, oral administration of this agent should inhibit the catalytic activity of HDAC, which results in an accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling and an altered pattern of gene expression. HDAC, a family of enzymes upregulated in many tumor types, deacetylates chromatin-associated histo… |
Zalcitabine |
A synthetic dideoxynucleoside. After intracellular phosphorylation to its active metabolite, zalcitabine preferentially inhibits the gamma form of DNA polymerase present in tumor cell mitochondria, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell mitochondrial DNA replication and tumor cell death. (NCI04) |
Zalifrelimab |
A recombinant human monoclonal antibody directed against the human T-cell receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zalifrelimab binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobuli… |
Zalutumumab |
A fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with potential antineoplastic activity. EGFR is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase, overexpressed on many cancer cells. Zalutumumab selectively binds to and blocks binding of EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a) to the EGFR receptor, thereby interfering with cellular signaling, leading to cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in tumor cells. In addition, zalutumumab also triggers cell lysis … |
Zamaporvint |
An orally available inhibitor of porcupine (PORCN), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zamaporvint binds to and inhibits PORCN in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which blocks post-translational acylation of Wnt ligands and inhibits their secretion. This prevents the activation of Wnt ligands, interferes with Wnt-mediated signaling, and inhibits cell growth in Wnt-driven tumors. Porcupine, a membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), is required for the palmitoyla… |
Zamtocabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous CD4/CD8 enriched T-lymphocytes engineered to express pLTG1497, a tandem chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19) and CD20, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zamtocabtagene autoleucel target and bind to CD19- and CD20-expressing tumor B-cells. This induces selective toxicity in tumor B-cells expressing these TAAs. Both CD19 and CD20 ar… |
Zandelisib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the delta isoform of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zandelisib selectively inhibits the delta isoform of PI3K and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This both decreases proliferation and induces cell death in PI3K-delta-overexpressing tumor cells. PI3K-delta plays a key role in the proliferation and survival of hematologic cancer cells. The targeted inhibition … |
Zanidatamab |
An engineered immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) bi-specific monoclonal antibody that targets two different non-overlapping epitopes of the human tumor-associated antigen (TAA) epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), ECD2 and ECD4, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zanidatamab targets and binds to the two distinct HER2 domains on the tumor cell surface. This results in dual HER2 signal blockade, HER2 clustering, receptor internalization and downregul… |
Zanolimumab |
A human IgG1k monoclonal antibody against the CD4 receptor on T-lymphocytes, with potential antineoplastic and immunosuppressing activities. Zanolimumab targets and binds to the CD4 receptor on certain T-cells thereby preventing the interaction between the CD4 receptor and the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule. This prevents activation of CD4 positive T cells. In addition, zanolimumab is able to induce an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) response against CD4-ex… |
Zanubrutinib |
An inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zanubrutinib inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways, which leads to the inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the Src-related BTK/Tec family of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase… |
Zanzalintinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), AXL and MER, with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, zanzalintinib targets and binds to c-Met, VEGFR2, AXL and MER, and prevents their RTK activity. This blocks c-Met/VEGFR2/AXL/MER-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits the proliferation and migratio… |
Zebularine |
A synthetic cytidine analogue and a cytidine deaminase inhibitor with anticancer activity. Following metabolic activation by phosphorylation and incorporation into DNA, zebularine inhibits DNA methyltransferase through covalent complex formation between the enzyme and zebularine-substituted DNA, hence resulting in non-specific, genome-wide induction of demethylation including the removal of aberrant methylation of promoter regions of genes critical for normal cellular functions. |
Zebutinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zebutinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of BTK and prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway. This prevents both B-cell activation and BTK-mediated activation of downstream survival pathways. This leads to an inhibition of the growth of malignant B-cells that overexpress BTK. BTK, a member of the src-related BT… |
Zedenoleucel |
A preparation of allogeneic multi-tumor-associated antigen (MultiTAA)-specific T-lymphocytes, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zedenoleucel may target and kill tumor cells expressing the TAAs. |
Zegocractin |
A calcium (Ca2+) release-activated channel (CRAC) inhibitor, with potential anti-inflammatory and protective activities. Upon administration, zegocractin targets, binds to and inhibits the calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1), which forms the pore of CRAC, and is expressed on both parenchymal cells and immune cells. This prevents the transport of extracellular Ca2+ into the cell and inhibits the subsequent activation of Ca2+-mediated signaling and transcription of targe… |
Zelavespib |
A purine-based heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Zelavespib specifically inhibits active Hsp90, thereby inhibiting its chaperone function and promoting the proteasomal degradation of oncogenic signaling proteins involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. This may result in the inhibition of cellular proliferation in susceptible tumor cell populations. Hsp90, a molecular chaperone protein, is upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types. |
Zelebrudomide |
An orally bioavailable chimeric targeting molecule (CTM) and targeted degrader of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) and antineoplastic activities. Zelebrudomide is comprised of a cereblon (CRBN)-binding moiety conjugated, via a linker, to a BTK-binding moiety. Upon administration, zelebrudomide targets and binds to BTK with its BTK-targeting moiety. Upon binding, the CRBN-binding moiety recruits CRBN, a component of the CRL4-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase c… |
Zelenectide Pevedotin |
A Bicycle toxin conjugate (BTC) composed of a synthetic, bicyclic peptide targeting the cell adhesion molecule nectin-4 (PVRL4) and conjugated to the cytotoxic agent monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), via an inert sarcosine spacer chain and a valine-citrulline cleavable linker, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the bicyclic peptide moiety of zelenectide pevedotin selectively binds to nectin-4. After internalization and proteolytic cleavage by peptidases that are upregu… |
Zelenirstat |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the enzyme N-myristoyl transferase (NMT), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zelenirstat targets and binds to NMT, especially NMT type 2 (NMT2). This prevents NMT-mediated signaling and myristoylation. This inhibits proliferation of certain cancer cells in which NMT expression is lost. Zelenirstat also inhibits B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling and reduces the levels of Src-family tyrosine kinases (SFKs). NMTs mediate myristoyla… |
Zeluvalimab |
A human monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zeluvalimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the imm… |
Zemirciclib |
A selective, short-acting inhibitor of the serine/threonine cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the catalytic subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) elongation factor positive transcription elongation factor b (PTEF-b; PTEFb), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, zemirciclib binds to and blocks the phosphorylation and kinase activity of CDK9, thereby preventing PTEFb-mediated activation of RNA Pol II, leading to the inhibition of gene transcription of … |
Zenocutuzumab |
A full-length IgG1 bispecific antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) directed against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; EGFR2, ERBB2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3; ErbB3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration of zenocutuzumab, the bispecific antibody docks on HER2, and subsequently blocks heregulin-stimulated proliferation of tumor cells by binding HER3. In addition to inhibiting HER3-depend… |
Zeprumetostat |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the histone lysine methyltransferase (HMT) enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zeprumetostat selectively targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of EZH2. Inhibition of EZH2 specifically prevents the methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27). This decrease in histone methylation alters gene expression patterns associated with cancer pathways and results in decreased proliferati… |
Zeripatamig |
A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of zeripatamig, the anti-CD19 moiety selectively targets and binds to CD19 on CD19-positive B-cells, thereby improving binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CD19+… |
Zeteletinib |
An orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms, including gatekeeper mutations, of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zeteletinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, activating mutations, and fusions res… |
Zeteletinib Adipate |
The adipate form of zeteletinib, an orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of wild-type, fusion products and mutated forms, including gatekeeper mutations, of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase rearranged during transfection (RET), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zeteletinib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of RET. This results in an inhibition of cell growth of tumors cells that exhibit increased RET activity. RET overexpression, acti… |
Zevorcabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been transduced with a vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) containing a humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) that is fused to the co-stimulatory domain of 4-1BB (CD137) and the T-cell receptor signaling domain of CD3zeta (CD3z), with potential immunostimulating and antineo… |
Zibotentan |
An orally available selective antagonist of the endothelin-A (ET-A) receptor with potential antineoplastic activity. Zibotentan binds selectively to the ET-A receptor, thereby inhibiting endothelin-mediated mechanisms that promote tumor cell proliferation. |
Zidesamtinib |
An orally available selective inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zidesamtinib targets, binds to and inhibits wild-type, point mutants and fusion proteins of ROS1. This inhibits proliferation of ROS-1-driven tumor cells, including in tumor cells harboring certain ROS1 resistance mutations, such as the solvent front mutation G2032R and the S1986Y/F, L2026M, and D2033N resistance mutations. Inhibiti… |
Zifcasiran |
An RNA interference (RNAi) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zifcasiran binds to and neutralizes mRNA HIF2a, thereby preventing the production of HIF2a. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. HIF2a, overexpressed in certain cell types, plays a key role in proliferation, progression and metastasis of tumors. |
Zifcasiran Sodium |
The sodium salt form of zifcasiran, an RNA interference (RNAi) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zifcasiran binds to and neutralizes mRNA HIF2a, thereby preventing the production of HIF2a. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. HIF2a, overexpressed in certain cell types, plays a key role in proliferation, progression and metastasis of tumors. |
Ziftomenib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) fusion protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ziftomenib prevents the interaction between the two proteins menin and MLL, and thus the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic cells. The menin-MLL complex plays a key role in … |
Zigakibart |
A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration, zigakibart binds to APRIL and inhibits its binding to both of its receptors, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator and CAML Interactor (TACI; tumor necrosis factor recept… |
Zilovertamab |
A humanized monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of the human receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zilovertamab binds to ROR1 and blocks ROR1-mediated signaling. This prevents tumor cell proliferation in cancer cells overexpressing ROR1. ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is normally expressed during embryogenesis. It is overexpressed in certain leukemia… |
Zilovertamab Vedotin |
An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a monoclonal antibody against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) linked to an as of yet undisclosed cytotoxic agent, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intravenous administration, the monoclonal antibody moiety of zilovertamab vedotin targets and binds to ROR1 expressed on tumor cells. Upon binding and internalization, the cytotoxic agent is released and kills the ROR1-expressing canc… |
Zilurgisertib |
An inhibitor of activin A receptor type 1 (activin receptor-like kinase 2; ALK2; ALK-2; ACVR1; ACTR-I), with potential anti-anemic and ossification suppressive activities. Upon administration, zilurgisertib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK-2. This prevents ALK2-mediated signaling and ALK2-mediated excessive bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. This may suppress heterotopic ossification (HO). As ALK-2 enhances the secretion of hepcidin, a peptide liver hormone and a ke… |
Zimberelimab |
A human immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PDCD1; CD279), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zimberelimab targets, binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1, a transm… |
Zimistobart |
A human monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zimistobart targets and binds to NKG2A, and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte… |
Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-603 |
A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-603 into HPV16-positive cells, ZFN-603 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV16 E7 oncogene in HPV16-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV16 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV16-expressing c… |
Zinc Finger Nuclease ZFN-758 |
A zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18 (HPV18) oncoprotein E7, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon transfection of ZFN-758 into HPV18-positive cells, ZFN-758 targets, binds to and cleaves the HPV18 E7 oncogene in HPV18-infected cells. By cleaving the HPV18 E7 DNA, the E7 oncoprotein is not expressed. This results in an inhibition of E7-mediated signaling, an induction of apoptosis, and an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in HPV18-expressin… |
Zinostatin |
An enediyne antineoplastic antibiotic hybrid containing an aminoglycoside chromophore. Zinostatin is isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces carzinostaticus. The aminoglycoside component of zinostatin intercalates into DNA and the benzene diradical intermediate of the enediyne core binds to the minor groove of DNA, resulting in single- and double-strand breaks in DNA and apoptosis. (NCI04) |
Zinostatin Stimalamer |
A highly lipophilic conjugate protein comprised of the lipophilic antitumor protein, neocarzinostatin (NCS), conjugated with a water-soluble copolymer of styrene-maleic acid (SMA) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intra-hepatic arterial administration, zinostatin stimalamer is deposited within tumor tissues, where the NCS moiety induces sequence-specific single and double-stranded breaks via free-radical based mechanisms, resulting in tumor cell death. |
Zipalertinib |
An orally available selective inhibitor of a broad spectrum of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, including EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations (EGFR Ex20ins; Ex20ins mutations), with potential antineoplastic activity. CLN-081 is also active against other EGFR mutations including exon 19 deletions (exon19del), L858R, and T790M, as well as the less common G719X, L861Q and S768I mutations. Upon administration, zipalertinib specifically and covalently binds to and inhibits a variety… |
Ziv-Aflibercept |
A recombinant protein comprised of epitopes of the extracellular domains of human vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) fused to the constant region (Fc) of human IgG1 with potential antiangiogenic activity. Afilbercept, functioning as a soluble decoy receptor, binds to pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), thereby preventing VEGFs from binding to their endogenous receptors. Disruption of the binding of VEGFs to their cellular receptors may result in the i… |
Zolacabtagene Autoleucel |
A preparation of autologous T-lymphocytes that have been genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zolacabtagene autoleucel specifically target and bind to CD19-expressing tumor cells. This results in a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against CD19-expressing tumor cells and tumor cell lysis. CD19, cluster of differentiation 19… |
Zolbetuximab |
A chimeric immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2; A2 isoform of claudin-18), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zolbetuximab specifically targets and binds to CLDN18.2 expressed on tumor cells. This may kill CLDN18.2-expressing tumor cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), and inhibit cell proliferation… |
Zoledronic Acid |
A synthetic imidazole bisphosphonate analog of pyrophosphate with anti-bone-resorption activity. A third-generation bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix, slowing their dissolution and inhibiting the formation and aggregation of these crystals. This agent also inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, an enzyme involved in terpenoid biosynthesis. Inhibition of this enzyme prevents the biosynthesis of isoprenoid lipids, donor substrates of farnesyl… |
Zoligratinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor subtypes 1 (FGFR-1), 2 (FGFR-2) and 3 (FGFR-3), with potential antineoplastic activity. Zoligratinib binds to and inhibits FGFR-1, -2, and -3, which result in the inhibition of FGFR-mediated signal transduction pathways. This leads to the inhibition of both tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and causes cell death in FGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. FGFR, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases upregulated in many … |
Zomiradomide |
A small molecule protein degrader of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) and the immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD) substrates Ikaros (IKZF1) and Aiolos (IKZF3), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, zomiradomide modulates the E3 (ubiquitin) ligase and targets IRAK4, Ikaros and Aiolos for ubiquitination. This induces proteasome-mediated degradation of IRAK4, Ikaros and Aiolos. The degradation of IRAK4 inhibits IRAK4-mediated signali… |
Zongertinib |
An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ErbB2; HER-2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zongertinib covalently binds to and inhibits the activity of both wild-type and HER2 mutants, including HER2 mutants with exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations. This prevents HER2-mediated signaling and may lead to cell death in HER2-expressing tumor cells. HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase overexpresse… |
Zoptarelin Doxorubicin |
A peptide agonist of the gonadotropin releasing hormone-1 receptor (GnRH-1R) that is conjugated to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin with potential antineoplastic activity. Zoptarelin doxorubicin binds to GnRH-1Rs, which may be highly expressed on endometrial and ovarian tumor cell membrane surfaces, and is internalized. Once inside the cell, the doxorubicin moiety of this agent intercalates into DNA and inhibits the topoisomerase II activity, which may result in the inhibition of tumo… |
Zorifertinib |
An orally available inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zorifertinib binds to and inhibits the activity of EGFR as well as certain mutant forms of EGFR. This prevents EGFR-mediated signaling, and may lead to both induction of cell death and inhibition of tumor growth in EGFR-overexpressing cells. EGFR, a receptor tyrosine kinase mutated in many tumor cell types, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferatio… |
Zorubicin |
A benzoylhydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair as well as RNA and protein synthesis. |
Zorubicin Hydrochloride |
A benzoyl-hydrazone derivative of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic daunorubicin. Zorubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and protein synthesis. (NCI04) |
Zotatifin |
A selective inhibitor of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of zotatifin, this agent targets and binds to elF4A, and promotes eIF4A binding to mRNA with specific polypurine motifs within their 5’-untranslated region (5’-UTR), leading to the formation of a stable sequence-specific ternary complex with eIF4A and mRNA (elF4A- zotatifin-mRNA). This results in the translational repression of key oncogenes and anti-ap… |
Zotiraciclib Citrate |
An orally bioavailable citrate salt form of zotiraciclib a multi-kinase inhibitor for cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) subtypes 1, 2, 7 and 9, Janus-associated kinase 2 (JAK2), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, FLK2, STK1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, CDK/JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor TG02 binds to and inhibits the CDK subtypes, JAK2, and FLT3. TG02 also inhibits, to a lesser extent, TYK2, TYRO3, STAT5 and P38delta. This may result in both an induction of apoptosis… |
Zotizalkib |
An orally available, compact macrocyclic structure-based inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zotizalkib binds within the ATP binding boundary and inhibits ALK wild-type tyrosine kinase, ALK fusion proteins and numerous ALK point mutations, including acquired resistance mutations, such as the solvent front mutation (SFM) G1202R and compound mutations L1196M/G1202R, L1198F/G1202R, L11… |
Zuclomiphene Citrate |
The cis isomer of clomiphene which exhibits weak estrogen agonist activity evaluated for antineoplastic activity against breast cancer. (NCI04) |
Zurletrectinib |
An orally bioavailable, selective pan-tropomyosin-related-kinase (tyrosine receptor kinase; TRK) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, zurletrectinib specifically targets and binds to TRK, TRK mutations and fusion proteins containing sequences from neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) types 1 (NTRK1; TrkA), 2 (NTRK2; TrkB), and 3 (NTRK3; TrkC). This inhibits neurotrophin-TRK interaction and TRK activation, thereby preventing the activation of dow… |
CauseOfDeathEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
APL Differentiation Syndrome |
A syndrome observed in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid. It is characterized by weight gain, dyspnea, pleural and pericardial effusions, leukocytosis, and renal failure. |
Accidental death |
An unforeseen and unplanned event or circumstance frequently causing loss or injury.: The absence of life or state of being dead. |
Acute GVHD |
A syndrome of immunologically mediated tissue damage that may occur following an allogeneic transplant, usually affecting the skin, liver, and GI tract. The onset is usually within one hundred days of transplantation or immunologic manipulation. |
Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) |
fulminant pulmonary interstitial and alveolar edema resulting from diffuse infection, shock, or trauma of the lungs. |
Adverse Event |
Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. Such events can be related to the intervention, dose, route of administration, patient, or caused by an interaction with another drug(s) or procedure(s). |
Aspiration Pneumonia |
Pneumonia secondary to aspiration of liquids and gastric contents into the lungs. |
BCNU IP |
An antineoplastic nitrosourea. Carmustine alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. This agent also carbamoylates proteins, including DNA repair enzymes, resulting in an enhanced cytotoxic effect. Carmustine is highly lipophilic and crosses the blood-brain barrier readily. (NCI04): Inflammation of interstitial lung tissue, usually associated with infection. |
Bacterial infection |
infections and associated diseases by bacteria, general or unspecified. |
Cancer Related |
A death attributed to the progression of a cancer-related pathologic condition. |
Cardiac Disease |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the heart and/or the pericardium. Representative examples include endocarditis, pericarditis, atrial myxoma, cardiac myeloid sarcoma, and pericardial malignant mesothelioma. |
Cardiac failure |
Inability of the heart to pump blood at an adequate rate to meet tissue metabolic requirements or the ability to do so only at an elevated filling pressure. |
Cardiopulmonary Arrest |
Cessation of breathing and/or cardiac function. |
Cardiovascular Disorder |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the heart or the vessels (arteries, veins and lymph vessels). Representative examples of non-neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocarditis and hypertension. Representative examples of neoplastic cardiovascular disorders are endocardial myxoma and angiosarcoma. – 2003 |
Cardiovascular accident |
A sudden loss of neurologic function secondary to hemorrhagic or ischemia in the brain parenchyma due to a vascular event. Infarction or hemorrhage may be demonstrated either directly by imaging,laboratory, or pathologic examination in patients with symptom duration less than 24 hours, or inferred by symptoms lasting greater than or equal to 24 hours (or fatal within 24 hours) that cannot be attributed to another cause. Diagnostic tests include CT scan, MRI, angiography, and EEG to locate and evaluate the extent of the hemorrhagic or ischemic damage in the brain parenchyma, coagulation studies, complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, and urinalysis. |
Central nervous system(CNS) failure |
The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.: loss of ability to function normally. |
Chronic GVHD |
A syndrome of immunologically mediated tissue damage that may occur following an allogeneic transplant, and may affect multiple organs with manifestations similar to autoimmune diseases. The onset is usually within three years of transplantation or immunologic manipulation. |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
A chronic and progressive lung disorder characterized by the loss of elasticity of the bronchial tree and the air sacs, destruction of the air sacs wall, thickening of the bronchial wall, and mucous accumulation in the bronchial tree. The pathologic changes result in the disruption of the air flow in the bronchial airways. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, wheezing, productive cough, and chest tightness. The two main types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are chronic obstructive bronchitis and emphysema. |
Chronic liver disease |
Signs of chronic liver disease which include jaundice, ascites, palmar erythema, spider hemangiomas, gynecomastia, and encephalopathy. |
Congestive Heart Failure |
Failure of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood to meet the needs of the body tissues, resulting in tissue congestion and edema. Signs and symptoms include shortness of breath, pitting edema, enlarged tender liver, engorged neck veins, and pulmonary rales. |
Coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis) |
An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the coronary vessels to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. |
Dementia (including Alzheimer’s disease) |
An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. |
Diabetes Mellitus |
A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization. |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) |
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a pathological process in the body where the blood starts to coagulate throughout the whole body. This depletes the body of its platelets and coagulation factors, and there is an increased the risk of hemorrhage. There are a variety of causes of DIC, all usually causing the release of chemicals into the blood that instigates the coagulation. (from Wikipedia) |
Drug Related |
An adverse effect of a drug used therapeutically or diagnostically. |
End-stage Renal Disease |
Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 15 ml/min. |
Failure to Thrive |
A clinical finding indicating less than normal growth in an infant or child, or a state of global decline in an adult. |
Fungal infection |
An infection caused by eukaryotic heterotrophic organisms that live as saprobes or parasites, including mushrooms, yeasts, smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies (mushrooms and molds). |
Gastrointestinal (GI) failure (not liver) |
(GAS-tro-in-TES-tih-nul) GI. Refers to the stomach and intestines.: loss of ability to function normally. |
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage |
(GAS-tro-in-TES-tih-nul) GI. Refers to the stomach and intestines.: Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. |
Graft Versus Host Disease |
An incompatibility reaction (which may be fatal) in a subject (host) of low immunological competence (deficient lymphoid tissue) who has been the recipient of immunologically competent lymphoid tissue from a donor who lacks at least one antigen possessed by the recipient host; the reaction, or disease, is the result of action of the transplanted cells against those host tissues that possess the antigen not possessed by the donor. Seen most commonly following bone marrow transplantation, acute disease is seen after 5-40 days and chronic disease weeks to months after transplantation, affecting, principally, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and skin. |
Graft rejection or failure |
Failure of transplanted tissue to become functional or operational, often as a result of destruction by the host’s immune system. |
HIV/AIDS |
Human immunodeficiency virus. Species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus primate lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, PRIMATE), formerly designated T-cell lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). It is acknowledged to be the agent responsible for the acute infectious manifestations, neurologic disorders, and immunologic abnormalities linked to the ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME.: Used to indicate that either or both of two items or options may be valid.: A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes; opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis); and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Kaposi’s sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood. Generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea are common symptoms of AIDS. The patients usually die either of opportunistic infections or malignant neoplasms. – 2004 |
Hemorrhage |
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. |
Hemorrhage, not otherwise specified |
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.: Not characterized in any other way. |
Hemorrhagic cystitis |
Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.: Inflammation of the urinary bladder. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
Hepatitis |
Inflammation of the liver; usually from a viral infection, but sometimes from toxic agents. |
Herpes |
Any inflammatory skin disease caused by a herpesvirus and characterized by the formation of small vesicles in clusters. |
IPS, idiopathic |
An inflammatory lung disease characterized by diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and alveolitis leading to interstitial fibrosis in the absence of an identifiable infectious agent.: Describes a disease of unknown cause. |
IPS, viral, cytomegalovirus(CMV) |
An inflammatory lung disease characterized by diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and alveolitis leading to interstitial fibrosis in the absence of an identifiable infectious agent.: Having to do with a virus.: A genus of the family herpesviridae, subfamily betaherpesvirinae, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. |
IPS, viral, other |
An inflammatory lung disease characterized by diffuse interstitial pneumonitis and alveolitis leading to interstitial fibrosis in the absence of an identifiable infectious agent.: Having to do with a virus.: Not otherwise specified. |
Immunotherapy-Related |
An observation that a situation is related to immunotherapy received. |
Infection |
A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. |
Infection, NOS |
The invasion of an organism’s body tissues by disease-causing agents and their multiplication, as well as the reaction by the host to these organisms and/or toxins that the organisms produce._Not characterized in any other way. |
Infection, organism not identified |
A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact.: A living thing, such as an animal, a plant, a bacterium, or a fungus.: The finding is not present, but a value of ‘none’ cannot be unequivocally established absence in the current context. |
Influenza |
An acute viral infection of the respiratory tract, occurring in isolated cases, in epidemics, or in pandemics; it is caused by serologically different strains of viruses (influenzaviruses) designated A, B, and C, has a 3-day incubation period, and usually lasts for 3 to 10 days. It is marked by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, pharynx, and conjunctiva; headache; myalgia; often fever, chills, and prostration; and occasionally involvement of the myocardium or central nervous system. |
Interstitial Pneumonia (IP) NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: Inflammation of interstitial lung tissue, usually associated with infection. |
Intracranial hemorrhage |
Bleeding within the cranium. |
Liver failure (not VOD) |
A large organ located in the upper abdomen. The liver cleanses the blood and aids in digestion by secreting bile.: loss of ability to function normally. |
Multiple Organ Failure |
A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of the lungs, liver, kidney, and clotting mechanisms. |
Myocardial infarction |
Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
Natural causes |
A description for something that exists in or is produced by nature, and is not artificial or man-made.: The circumstance or condition that results in the death of a living being. |
Non-protocol cancer therapy |
Treatment not specified in a protocol.: Any intervention for management of a malignant neoplasm. |
Not Cancer Related |
A death attributed to any cause other than the progression of a cancer-related pathologic condition. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Organ failure, not otherwise specified |
A part of the body that performs a specific function. For example, the heart is an organ.: loss of ability to function normally.: Not characterized in any other way. |
Other cause |
Not otherwise specified.: An explanation of the cause of some phenomenon or action. |
Parkinson’s Disease |
A progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of dopamine producing neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus. Signs and symptoms include tremor which is most pronounced during rest, muscle rigidity, slowing of the voluntary movements, a tendency to fall back, and a mask-like facial expression. |
Persistence or recurrence of underlying disease |
A disease that does not go to remission despite treatment.: An article used to connect words, phrases, or clauses representing alternatives; used to connect alternative terms for the same thing; used in correlation; used to correct or rephrase what was previously said; otherwise.: The return of a disease after a period of remission. |
Pneumonia NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: Inflammation of the lungs. |
Prior malignancy |
Earlier in time or order.: A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms usually metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas (adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas), Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas. – 2004 |
Protozoal infection |
Infections with unicellular organisms of the subkingdom PROTOZOA. |
Pulmonary Disease |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the lung. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include benign processes (e.g., respiratory papilloma) and malignant processes (e.g., lung carcinoma and metastatic cancer to the lung). |
Pulmonary Embolism |
The closure of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus, sometimes associated with infarction of the lung. |
Pulmonary failure |
Relating to the lungs.: loss of ability to function normally. |
Pulmonary hemorrhage |
Relating to the lungs.: Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. |
Radiation IP |
Treatment of a disease by means of exposure of the target or the whole body to radiation. Radiation therapy is often used as part of curative therapy and occasionally as a component of palliative treatment for cancer. Other uses include total body irradiation prior to transplantation.: Inflammation of interstitial lung tissue, usually associated with infection. |
Recurrence/persistence/progression of disease reported for first HSCT |
To come back or to return.: Retained; never-ceasing.: Cancer that is increasing in scope or severity. |
Renal Disorder, NOS |
A neoplastic or non-neoplastic condition affecting the kidney. Representative examples of non-neoplastic conditions include glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome. Representative examples of neoplastic conditions include benign processes (e.g., renal lipoma and renal fibroma) and malignant processes (e.g., renal cell carcinoma and renal lymphoma). |
Renal failure |
Acute or chronic condition, characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood substances, resulting in uremia and electrolyte imbalances. Acute renal failure is usually associated with oliguria or anuria, hyperkalemia, and pulmonary edema. Chronic renal failure is irreversible and requires hemodialysis.–2004 |
Respiratory failure |
Impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxemia and decreased oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with increased arterial levels of carbon dioxide. Causes include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, emphysema, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax, and congestive heart failure. |
Sepsis |
The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood stream causing a rapidly progressing systemic reaction that may lead to shock. Symptoms include fever, chills, tachycardia, and increased respiratory rate. It is a medical emergency that requires urgent medical attention. |
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome |
Blockage of the small- or medium-sized hepatic veins due to nonthrombotic subendothelial edema which may progress to fibrosis. |
Spinal Muscular Atrophy |
An inherited disorder characterized by degeneration of the spinal cord and the cerebellum. Symptoms may appear at any age and include progressive loss of coordination of gait, hands, speech, and eye movements. |
Suicide |
The act of ending one’s own life. |
Surgical Complication |
A disease or disorder that occurs during, soon after or as a result of a surgical procedure. |
Thromboembolic |
Obstruction of a vessel by a blood clot that has been transported from a distant site by the blood stream. |
Thrombosis |
The formation of a blood clot in the lumen of a vessel or heart chamber; causes include coagulation disorders and vascular endothelial injury. |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (HUS/TTP) |
Purpura associated with a reduction in circulating blood platelets which can result from a variety of factors. |
Toxicity |
The finding of bodily harm due to the poisonous effects of something. |
Unacceptable Toxicity |
Therapy-related toxicity leading to multiple treatment dose reductions or delays, early treatment stoppage, unplanned hospital admission, or death. |
Unclassified infection / Infection NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: Not arranged or included in any specific grouping.: A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
VOD |
Disorder in which veins are partially or completely obstructed or the blood flow through the veins is suboptimal.–2004 |
Vascular, not otherwise specified |
Relating to or containing blood vessels.: Not characterized in any other way. |
Veno-occlusive disease (VOD) / sinusodial obstruction syndrome (SOS) |
Blockage of the small- or medium-sized hepatic veins due to nonthrombotic subendothelial edema which may progress to fibrosis. |
Viral infection |
A general term for diseases produced by viruses. |
CauseOfDeathSourceEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Autopsy Report |
No Value Exists |
Death Certificate |
A document earned by a person indicating that the person has specific knowledge, skills, or abilities in the view of a certifying body. Similarly, a document indicating that a product or process is suitable or in working order for a specific purpose. |
Medical Record |
A chronological written account of a patient’s examination and treatment that includes the patient’s medical history and complaints, the physician’s physical findings, the results of diagnostic tests and procedures, and medications and therapeutic procedures. |
Other, specify |
Be specific about something; define clearly.: Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. |
Physician |
A doctor; a person who has been educated, trained, and licensed to practice the art and science of medicine; a practitioner of medicine, as contrasted with a surgeon. |
Relative or Friend |
A person related by blood or marriage.: An article used to connect words, phrases, or clauses representing alternatives; used to connect alternative terms for the same thing; used in correlation; used to correct or rephrase what was previously said; otherwise.: A person whom an individual knows, likes, and trusts. |
Social Security Death Index |
A publically-accessible database derived from the Social Security Administration’s (SSA) Death Master File Extract. It includes a listing of the vital statistics of a majority of decedents reported to the SSA since 1962. |
ClinicalBiospecimenTypeEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
BLOOD |
A liquid tissue; its major function is to transport oxygen throughout the body. It also supplies the tissues with nutrients, removes waste products, and contains various components of the immune system defending the body against infection. Several hormones also travel in the blood. |
BONE MARROW |
The tissue occupying the spaces of bone. It consists of blood vessel sinuses and a network of hematopoietic cells which give rise to the red cells, white cells, and megakaryocytes. |
BUCCAL CELL SAMPLE |
The mucosal membranes located on the inside of the cheek, in the buccal cavity.: The smallest units of living structure capable of independent existence, composed of a membrane-enclosed mass of protoplasm and containing a nucleus or nucleoid.: Any material sample taken from a biological entity for testing, diagnostic, propagation, treatment or research purposes, including a sample obtained from a living organism or taken from the biological object after halting of all its life functions. Biospecimen can contain one or more components including but not limited to cellular molecules, cells, tissues, organs, body fluids, embryos, and body excretory products. |
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID |
The fluid that is contained within the brain ventricles, the subarachnoid space and the central canal of the spinal cord. |
FORMALIN FIXED PARAFFIN EMBEDDED TISSUE |
Refers to a process where a sample is preserved with formalin and then embedded into a paraffin block for sectioning.: An anatomical structure consisting of similarly specialized cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships, performing a specific function. |
FORMALIN FIXED TISSUE |
A colorless poisonous gas synthesized by the oxidation of methanol and used as an antiseptic, disinfectant, histologic fixative, and general-purpose chemical reagent for laboratory applications. Formaldehyde is readily soluble in water and is commonly distributed as a 37% solution in water; formalin, a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water, is used as a disinfectant and to preserve biological specimens. Environmentally, formaldehyde may be found in the atmosphere, smoke from fires, automobile exhaust and cigarette smoke. Small amounts are produced during normal metabolic processes in most organisms, including humans._Tissue which is preserved in a fixative solution, usually formalin. |
FRESH TISSUE |
Tissue that is not frozen or embedded in preservatives |
FROZEN TISSUE |
A specimen that has been subjected to and immobilized by severe cold. |
OTHER BODILY FLUIDS |
Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned.: Material produced by living organisms; it can be a necessary constituent of, or product of an organismal process. |
SALIVA |
The watery fluid in the mouth made by the salivary glands. Saliva moistens food to help digestion and it helps protect the mouth against infections. |
STOOL |
The material discharged from the bowel during defecation. It consists of undigested food, intestinal mucus, epithelial cells, and bacteria. |
URINE |
The fluid that is excreted by the kidneys. It is stored in the bladder and discharged through the urethra. |
ClinicalMStageEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
M0 |
A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of distant metastasis. |
M1 |
A clinical and/or pathologic distant metastasis TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. |
M1a |
A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for colorectal cancer it refers to metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node); for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to non-regional lymph node(s); for bone cancer it refers to metastasis to the lung. |
M1b |
A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum; for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to bone(s); for bone cancer it refers to metastasis to distant sites other than lung. |
M1c |
A TNM finding indicating the spread of cancer to distant anatomic sites. The definition of M1c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for prostate cancer it refers to metastasis to anatomic site(s) other than bone, with or without bone disease; for retinoblastoma it refers to central nervous system metastasis; for melanoma of the uvea it refers to distant metastasis, with the largest diameter of the largest metastasis measuring 8.0 cm or more. |
MX |
A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that the status of distant metastasis cannot be assessed. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
cM0 (i+) |
A distant metastasis TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of distant metastasis clinically or by radiologic studies, but there are small numbers of cells detected by special studies in the blood and bone marrow, or there is tiny metastasis (no larger than 0.2 mm) detected in nonregional lymph nodes. |
ClinicalNStageEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
N0 |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis. |
N0 (i+) |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there are malignant cells in regional lymph node(s) no greater than 0.2 mm and are detected by hematoxylin and eosin stain or immunohistochemistry. |
N0 (i-) |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically, and immunohistochemistry is negative. |
N0 (mol+) |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically and by immunohistochemistry, but the molecular analysis (RT-PCR) is positive. |
N0 (mol-) |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis histologically and molecular analysis (RT-PCR) is negative. |
N1 |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases usually in a limited number of regional lymph nodes. The definition of N1 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to micrometastases or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastasis in 1 regional lymph node; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 1-3 regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastasis in 1 regional lymph node in the true pelvis. |
N1a |
Breast cancer with metastasis in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes (at least 1 tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm). (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.) |
N1b |
Breast cancer with metastasis in internal mammary lymph nodes with microscopic disease detected by sentinel lymph node dissection but not clinically apparent. (from AJCC 6th Ed.) |
N1bI |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to 1-3 nodes. The metastasis is greater than 2 mm and all are less than 20 mm. |
N1bII |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that there is metastasis to four or more nodes. The metastasis is greater than 2 mm and all are less than 20 mm. |
N1bIII |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the tumor extends beyond the lymph node capsule and is less than 20 mm. |
N1bIV |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the metastases to the lymph nodes are more than 20 mm. |
N1c |
Breast cancer with metastasis in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes and in internal mammary nodes with microscopic disease detected by sentinel lymph node dissection but not clinically apparent. (from AJCC 6th Ed.) |
N1mi |
Breast cancer with micrometastases (greater than 0.2 mm and/or more than 200 cells, but none greater than 2.0 mm) (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
N2 |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 4-9 axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 4 or more regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastases in multiple regional lymph nodes in the true pelvis. |
N2a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 4 to 9 axillary lymph nodes (at least 1 tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm); for cutaneous melanoma it refers to micrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. |
N2b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases only in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary nodes and in the absence of clinically evident level I, II axillary lymph node metastases; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to macrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes; for colorectal cancer it refers to metastases in seven or more regional lymph nodes. |
N2c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in several regional lymph nodes. The definition of N2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for cutaneous melanoma it refers to intralymphatic metastases (in transit or satellite metastases) without metastatic nodes; for lip and oral cavity cancer it refers to metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension. |
N3 |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to metastases in 4 or more regional lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7 or more regional lymph nodes; and for bladder cancer it refers to metastases in common iliac lymph nodes. |
N3a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes (at least one tumor deposit greater than 2.0 mm) or metastases to the infraclavicular (level III axillary) lymph nodes; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in 7-15 regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to metastases to one or more lymph nodes greater than 6 cm in greatest dimension. |
N3b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in clinically detected ipsilateral internal mammary lymph nodes in the presence of one or more positive axillary lymph nodes, or in more than 3 axillary lymph nodes and in internal mammary lymph nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy but not clinically detected; for gastric cancer it refers to metastases in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes; for nasopharyngeal cancer it refers to extension to the supraclavicular fossa. |
N3c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to metastases in ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes. |
N4 |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of cancer metastases in multiple lymph nodes. The definition of N4 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to metastases to central lymph nodes. |
NX |
A regional lymph node TNM finding indicating that the status of regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
ClinicalTStageEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
T0 |
A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that there is no evidence of primary tumor. |
T1 |
A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the cancer is limited to the site of growth. |
T1a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 0.1cm, but not more than 0.5 cm in greatest dimension; for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 4 cm or less in greatest dimension; and for thyroid cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. |
T1a1 |
A pathologic primary tumor TNM stage finding. The definition of pT1a stage finding depends on the particular type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer, pT1a stage finding is defined as follows: cancer with tumor size more than 0.1 cm, but not more than 0.5 cm in greatest dimension; for lung cancer, pT1a stage finding is defined as follows: cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T1a2 |
Invasive cervical cancer with measured stromal invasion more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm with a horizontal spread 7.0 mm or less. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T1b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 0.5 cm, but not more than 1.0 cm in greatest dimension; for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 4 cm, but not more than 7 cm in greatest dimension; and for thyroid cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 1 cm but not more than 2 cm in greatest dimension. |
T1b1 |
Cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension confined to the cervix. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T1b2 |
Invasive cervical cancer with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension confined to the cervix. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T1c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth. The definition of T1c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that is more than 1.0 cm, but not more than 2.0 cm in greatest dimension; for uterine corpus cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades one-half or more of the myometrium; and for melanoma of the iris it refers to a primary tumor limited to the iris with secondary glaucoma. |
T1mi |
A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor limited to the site of growth and indicates microinvasion only. |
T2 |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2 TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to primary tumor that is more than 2.0 cm, but not more than 5.0 cm in greatest dimension; for cutaneous melanoma it refers to primary tumor that is 1.01 to 2 mm in thickness, with or without ulceration; for colorectal cancer it refers to primary tumor with invasion into the muscularis propria; and for bladder cancer it refers to primary tumor with invasion into the muscle layer. |
T2a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 7 cm but less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the superficial muscularis propria (inner half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is no parametrial invasion. |
T2a1 |
Cervical cancer invades beyond uterus but not to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesions 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension are present. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T2a2 |
Cervical cancer invades beyond uterus but not to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. There is no parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesions more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension are present. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T2b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that measures more than 10 cm in greatest dimension, and is limited to the kidney; for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the deep muscularis propria (outer half); for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to the lower third of vagina and there is parametrial invasion. |
T2c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor growth beyond the level of in situ cancer, minimal subepithelial invasion, or minimal greatest diameter. The definition of T2c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for prostate cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves both lobes of the prostate gland; for ovarian cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves one or both ovaries with extension or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tubes, or other pelvic tissues, with malignant cells in either ascites or peritoneal washings; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with pelvic extension and malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. |
T2d |
Tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in diameter. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T3 |
A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive, without infiltration of adjacent structures. |
T3a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the renal vein or its segmental (muscle containing) branches or the tumor invades perirenal and/or renal sinus fat but does not extends beyond Gerota’s fascia; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that involves the lower third of vagina, without extension to pelvic wall; for liver cancer it refers to the presence of multiple tumors measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. |
T3b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava below the diaphragm; for cervical cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney; for liver cancer it refers to a single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein. |
T3c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor usually indicating that the cancer is locally invasive. The definition of T3c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for kidney cancer it refers to a primary tumor that grossly extends into the vena cava above the diaphragm, or invades the wall of the vena cava; for fallopian tube cancer it refers to a primary tumor with peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis measuring more than 2 cm in diameter; for melanoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor invading the orbit. |
T3d |
Tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in diameter. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T4 |
A clinical and/or pathologic primary tumor TNM finding indicating direct invasion of adjacent structures by cancer. |
T4a |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4a TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the prostatic stroma, uterus, and vagina; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum); for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor that penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. |
T4b |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4b TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for bladder cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades the pelvic wall and abdominal wall; for gastric cancer it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent structures; for colorectal cancer it refers to a primary tumor with direct invasion or adherence to other organs or structures. |
T4c |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4c TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that extends to the chest wall, not including the pectoralis muscle, and with edema (including peau d’orange) or ulceration of the skin of the breast or satellite skin nodules confined to the same breast; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor that Involves the maxillofacial, ethmoidal, and/or frontal sinuses; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades adjacent paranasal sinuses. |
T4d |
A general term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor with direct invasion of adjacent structures. The definition of T4d TNM finding depends on the specific type of cancer that it refers to; for example, for breast cancer it refers to a primary tumor that meets the clinical-pathologic criteria of inflammatory carcinoma; for ocular adnexal lymphoma it refers to a primary tumor with intracranial spread; for carcinoma of the conjunctiva it refers to a primary tumor that invades the brain. |
T4e |
Any tumor size category with extraocular extension more than 5 mm in diameter. (from AJCC 7th Ed.) |
T5 |
An antiquated primary tumor finding term that refers to colorectal cancer which has spread by direct extension beyond the immediately adjacent organs or tissues. (AJCC 1st Ed.) |
TX |
A primary tumor TNM finding indicating that the status of the primary tumor cannot be assessed. |
Ta |
A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary, non-invasive, papillary cancer. |
Tis |
Breast cancer with a finding of carcinoma in situ. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.) |
Tis (DCIS) |
A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor microscopically defined as carcinoma in situ.: A carcinoma entirely confined to the mammary ducts. It is also known as DCIS. There is no evidence of invasion of the basement membrane. Currently, it is classified into three categories: High-grade DCIS, intermediate-grade DCIS and low-grade DCIS. In this classification the DCIS grade is defined by a combination of nuclear grade, architectural growth pattern and presence of necrosis. The size of the lesion as well as the grade and the clearance margins play a major role in dictating the most appropriate therapy for DCIS. |
Tis (LCIS) |
A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor microscopically defined as carcinoma in situ.: A non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of monomorphic cells completely filling the lumina. The overall lobular architecture is preserved. It is frequently multifocal (90% in some series) and bilateral. It seldom becomes invasive; however there is an increased risk of infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma. |
Tis (Paget’s) |
A term that refers to a TNM finding of a primary tumor microscopically defined as carcinoma in situ.: Paget disease involving the skin overlying the mammary gland, without accompanying invasive ductal or lobular breast carcinoma. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
ComponentEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Clinical |
Clinical data component |
Demographics |
Demographics data component |
Diagnosis |
Diagnosis data component |
Exposure |
Exposure data component |
Family History |
Family history data component |
Follow-up |
Follow-up data component |
Molecular |
Molecular data component |
Therapy |
Therapy data component |
Vital Status |
Vital status data component |
DiseaseResponseEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Complete Response |
Complete disappearance of all clinical evidence of disease with skin, nodes, blood and viscera categories having complete response or noninvolvement. |
No Evidence of Disease |
Diagnostic tests fail to detect presence of disease. |
No Response |
No apparent change or worsening in tumor staging classification. |
Not Applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not Evaluable |
Unable to be evaluated. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Partial Response |
A finding indicating that there is a decrease in the size and the extent of tissue involvement by a malignant tumor in a patient. |
Persistent Disease |
A disease that does not go to remission despite treatment. |
Progressive Disease |
A clinical, pathologic, and/or molecular finding indicating that the course of a disease is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
Stable Disease |
Cancer that is neither decreasing nor increasing in extent or severity. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded; or reported as unknown by the data contributor. |
ECOGPerformanceStatusEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
0 |
Fully active, able to carry on all pre-disease performance without restriction. |
1 |
Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out work of a light or sedentary nature, e.g., light housework, office work. |
2 |
Ambulatory and capable of all self care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about more than 50% of waking hours. |
3 |
Capable of only limited selfcare, confined to bed or chair more than 50% of waking hours. |
4 |
Completely disabled. Cannot carry on any selfcare. Totally confined to bed or chair. |
5 |
Dead. |
EcogScorePerformedEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Known |
The ECOG performance status score was obtained and is available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
EnvironmentalExposureEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
No |
The non-affirmative response to a question. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
Yes |
The affirmative response to a question. |
EnvironmentalExposureTypeEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Asbestos Exposure |
Inhalation of asbestos fibers. |
Chemical Exposure |
Contact with a chemical substance through touch, inhalation, or ingestion. |
Marijuana Smoke Exposure |
Environmental, occupational or consumer-based exposure to airborne gases and particulates produced by direct or nearby use of a vaporized or combusted product made from the leaves and flowers of the cannabis plant. |
Radiation Exposure |
Exposure to radioactive materials or ionizing radiation, whether by external irradiation, contact or contamination with radioactive material, or incorporation of radioactive materials, as in the case of certain diagnostic procedures. |
Radon Exposure |
Inhalation of radon gas which is found in rocks, soil and groundwater as a result of radioactive decay of uranium, thorium, or radium in the environment. |
Respirable Crystalline Silica Exposure |
Environmental, occupational or consumer-based exposure to respirable particles derived from industrial processing or breakdown of silica-containing materials such as sand, concrete, stone, mortar, bricks, glass, pottery and ceramics. |
Smoke Exposure |
Environmental, occupational or consumer-based exposure to airborne gases and particulates produced when materials undergo combustion or thermal decomposition. |
Smokeless Tobacco Exposure |
Environmental, occupational, or consumer-based exposure to any smokeless tobacco product. |
Tobacco Related Exposure |
Environmental, occupational or consumer-based exposure to airborne gases and particulates produced by direct or nearby use of a vaporized or combusted tobacco product. |
Wood Dust Exposure |
Environmental or occupational exposure to granular solids generated when timber is processed, such as when it is chipped, sawed, turned, drilled or sanded. |
EthnicGroupEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Hispanic or Latino |
A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. The term, ‘Spanish origin,’ can be used in addition to ‘Hispanic or Latino.’ (OMB) |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
A person not of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. |
Not Allowed To Collect |
An indicator that specifies that a collection event was not permitted. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused |
EvidenceOfRecurrenceTypeEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Biopsy with Histologic Confirmation |
A biopsy with microscopic confirmation. |
Convincing Image (i.e. CT/PET/MRI) |
Radiologic evidence that supports a diagnosis. |
Positive Biomarkers |
A finding indicating the presence of a biomarker in a tumor sample from a patient with a malignant neoplasm. |
FamilyMemberCancerHistoryEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
No |
The non-affirmative response to a question. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
Yes |
The affirmative response to a question. |
GenderIdentityEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Female |
Female |
Male |
Male |
Other |
Other |
Unknown |
Unknown |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available |
GleasonGradeGroupEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
1 |
Grade Group I - Only individual discrete well-formed glands. |
2 |
Grade Group II - Predominantly well-formed glands with lesser component of poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands. |
3 |
Grade Group III - Predominantly poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands with lesser component of well-formed glands. For cases with greater than 95% poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands or lack of glands on a core or at radical prostatectomy, the component of less than 5% well-formed glands is not factored into the grade. |
4 |
Grade Group IV - Only poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands or predominantly well-formed glands and lesser component lacking glands or predominantly lacking glands and lesser component of well-formed gland. Poorly-formed/fused/cribriform glands can be a more minor component. |
5 |
Grade Group V - Lacks gland formation (or with necrosis) with or without poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands. For cases with greater than 95% poorly formed/fused/cribriform glands or lack of glands on a core or at RP, the component of less than 5% well-formed glands is not factored into the grade. |
Not Applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
InitialDiseaseStatusEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Precancerous |
Descriptive of a condition that may or is likely to become cancerous. |
Primary |
A tumor at the original site of origin. |
Progression or Recurrence |
An indication as to whether a subject has a progressive disease or a recurrent disease. |
Residual Disease |
Cancer cells that remain after attempts to remove the cancer have been made. |
Unknown |
Not known, observed, recorded; or reported as unknown by the data contributor. |
LastKnownDiseaseStatusEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Biochemical evidence of disease without structural correlate |
An indication that biochemical markers of a disease are present but morphological markers are absent. |
Distant Metastasis |
A biological process that involves the transfer and growth of cancer cells from the site of the primary tumor. Relocation of malignant cells during metastasis can be restricted to movement within a specific tissue/organ or may entail migration to a distal locus within the body. This phenotype is a characteristic of all malignant tumors. |
Localized Disease |
A disease that is confined to a specific organ or tissue and has not spread to other anatomic sites. |
New Tumor Event |
The presence of a primary, recurrent or metastatic neoplasm which has not been previously noted. |
Not Allowed To Collect |
An indicator that specifies that a collection event was not permitted. |
Not Applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Regional Disease |
A disease or condition that extends beyond the site and spreads into adjacent tissues and regional lymph nodes. |
Tumor Free |
There is no evidence of a tumor in the individual. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
With Tumor |
There is evidence of a tumor in an individual. |
MenopauseStatusEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Menopausal |
The permanent cessation of menses, usually defined by 6 to 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman over 45 years of age. |
Not Applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Perimenopausal |
The time of a woman’s life when menstrual periods become irregular. Refers to the time near menopause. |
Postmenopausal |
Having to do with the time after menopause. Menopause (‘change of life’) is the time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods stop permanently. |
Postmenopausal (>12 mo since LMP with no prior ovariectomy) |
Having to do with the time after menopause. Menopause (‘change of life’) is the time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods stop permanently. |
Postmenopausal (prior bilateral ovariectomy) |
Having to do with the time after menopause. Menopause (‘change of life’) is the time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods stop permanently. |
Premenopausal |
Refers to the time before menopause. Menopause is the time of life when a women’s menstrual periods stop permanently; also called ‘change of life.’ |
Premenopausal/Perimenopausal |
Prior to menopause. : Used to indicate that either or both of two items or options may be valid.: Describes the time in a woman’s life when menstrual periods become irregular as she approaches menopause. This is usually three to five years before menopause and is often marked by many of the symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, vaginal dryness, trouble concentrating, and infertility. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
MetastasisAtDiagnosisEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Metastatic |
A term referring to the clinical or pathologic observation of a tumor extension from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
Non-metastatic (confirmed) |
An operation in which a term denies or inverts the meaning of another term or construction.: A term referring to the clinical or pathologic observation of a tumor extension from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.: Confirmed; having been established or verified. |
Non-metastatic (unconfirmed) |
An operation in which a term denies or inverts the meaning of another term or construction.: A term referring to the clinical or pathologic observation of a tumor extension from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.: An operation in which a term denies or inverts the meaning of another term or construction.: Confirmed; having been established or verified. |
Unknown |
Not known, observed, recorded; or reported as unknown by the data contributor. |
MethodOfDiagnosisEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Autopsy |
Autopsy; an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease. |
Biopsy |
The removal of tissue specimens or fluid from the living body for microscopic examination, performed to establish a diagnosis. |
Blood Sample |
A small volume of blood removed for testing or storage. |
Bone Marrow Aspirate |
Aspirate from bone marrow. |
Core Biopsy |
The removal of a tissue sample using a needle with a relatively large diameter, for microscopic examination. |
Cystoscopy |
Endoscopic examination of the urinary bladder or urethra. |
Diagnostic Imaging |
Any method that uses a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. |
Dilation and Curettage |
A surgical scraping and removal of the inner lining of the uterus through direct dilation of the uterine cervix. |
Enucleation |
A surgical procedure by which tissue or an organ (usually containing a tumor) is removed without rupture from a specific anatomic site. |
Excisional Biopsy |
A surgical procedure in which an entire lesion is removed for microscopic examination. |
Fine Needle Aspiration |
The removal of tissue or fluid with a thin needle for examination under a microscope. |
Histopathology |
The microscopic study of characteristic tissue abnormalities by employing various cytochemical and immunocytochemical stains. – 2004 |
Imaging Technique |
Any technology or method that aids in the visualization of any biological process, cell, tissue or organ for use in screening, diagnosis, surgical procedures or therapy. |
Incisional Biopsy |
A surgical procedure in which part of a lesion is removed for microscopic examination. |
Laparoscopy |
Laparoscopic examination of the abdominal cavity and its contents. |
Laparotomy |
Creation of a surgical opening into the abdominal cavity. |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study File |
Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Pap Smear |
A biospecimen collection and staining procedure in which secretions and superficial cells of the cervix are collected and stained with the Papanicolaou stain followed by microscopic examination to identify the presence of abnormal cells. |
Pathologic Review |
An assessment of disease process to include cause, development, and/or structural and functional changes associated with the disease. |
Physical Examination |
A systemic evaluation of the body and its functions using visual inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation. The purpose is to determine the presence or absence of physical signs of disease or abnormality for an individual’s health assessment. |
Surgical Resection |
The surgical removal of an organ or a part of an organ. |
Thoracentesis |
The removal of excess fluid via needle puncture from the thoracic cavity. |
Tumor Debulking |
The surgical removal of as much of a malignant tumor as is reasonably possible. This procedure increases the effectiveness of the subsequent administration of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. |
Ultrasound Guided Biopsy |
A biopsy procedure that uses an ultrasound imaging device to find an abnormal area of tissue and guide its removal for examination under a microscope. |
Ultrasound Imaging |
A technique in which high-frequency sound waves are bounced off internal organs and the echo pattern is converted into a 2 dimensional picture of the structures beneath the transducer. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
MolecularAnalysisMethodEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Comparative genomic hybridization |
Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a technique that allows the detection of losses and gains in DNA copy number across the entire genome without prior knowledge of specific chromosomal abnormalities. Comparative genomic hybridization utilizes the hybridization of differentially labeled tumor and reference DNA to generate a map of DNA copy number changes in tumor genomes. Comparative genomic hybridization is an ideal tool for analyzing chromosomal imbalances in archived tumor material and for examining possible correlations between these findings and tumor phenotypes. (from Ried et al. J Mol Med 1997 75:801-14) |
Cytogenetics, NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: Techniques for analysis of chromosomal and subchromosomal properties and structures, such as those to diagnose, classify, screen for, or manage genetic diseases and abnormalities. |
FISH |
A physical mapping approach that uses fluorescent tags to detect hybridization of probes within metaphase chromosomes or less condensed somatic interphase chromatin. This technique can be used for identification of chromosomal abnormalities and for gene mapping. |
Flow cytometry |
A technique for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles suspended in a stream of fluid. |
IHC |
Immunohistochemical staining techniques allow for the visualization of antigens via the sequential application of a specific antibody to the antigen (primary antibody), a secondary antibody to the primary antibody and an enzyme complex with a chromogenic substrate. The enzymatic activation of the chromogen results in a visible reaction product at the antigen site. The specimen may then be counterstained and coverslipped. Results are interpreted using a light microscope and aid in the differential diagnosis of pathophysiological processes, which may or may not be associated with a particular antigen. |
ISH |
In Situ Hybridization staining is an immunohistochemistry staining procedure which allows the demonstration of specific nucleic acid sequences (genes) in their cellular environment. The DNA sequence in the host cell is detected by hybridization with a biotin-labeled cDNA probe. Used for detecting protein and gene expression, determining tissue specificity, and localizing genes and proteins within tissue samples. |
Immunofluorescence |
A microscopy staining method that utilizes immunofluorescent markers for use with histological applications of preserved cells. |
Karyotype |
The preparation, analysis, and interpretation of a karyotype, the representation of the chromosome set of a cell. |
Microarray |
Analysis using microarray technology (e.g., cDNA arrays to see gene expression or protein microarrays to profile the pattern of proteins). |
Microsatellite analysis |
Analysis that looks for differences in the lengths of microsatellite repeats between alleles. Polymorphic microsatellites are present in the genome every few thousand base pairs and can function as molecular markers. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Nuclear staining |
Pertaining to the nucleus.: Any of the various methods that use a dye, reagent, or other material for producing coloration in tissues or microorganisms for microscopic examination. |
Other |
Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. |
PCR |
A method for amplifying a DNA base sequence using multiple rounds of heat denaturation of the DNA and annealing of oligonucleotide primers complementary to flanking regions in the presence of a heat-stable polymerase. This results in duplication of the targeted DNA region. Newly synthesized DNA strands can subsequently serve as additional templates for the same primer sequences, so that successive rounds of primer annealing, strand elongation, and dissociation produce rapid and highly specific amplification of the desired sequence. PCR also can be used to detect the existence of the defined sequence in a DNA sample. |
RNA sequencing |
Single-stranded long chain of nucleotides containing ribose. It is the end product of DNA transcription by the enzyme RNA polymerase. It is essential in protein synthesis.: The process of determining the sequence of purines and pyrimidines in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. |
RT-PCR |
RT-PCR is short for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. It is a technique in which an RNA strand is first transcribed into a DNA complement and then subjected to PCR amplification. Transcribing an RNA strand into a DNA complement is termed reverse transcription and is done by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. (from Wikipedia) |
Sequencing, NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: The process of determining the sequence of purines and pyrimidines in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. |
Southern blotting |
A technique for the detection of specific DNA fragments that have been separated by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, transferred to a nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane, and detected by hybridization and visualization with a labeled probe. |
Targeted sequencing |
The process of directing an agent to a specific anatomic location.: The process of determining the sequence of purines and pyrimidines in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
WGS |
A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for nearly the entire genome of an individual. |
WXS |
A procedure that can determine the DNA sequence for all of the exons in an individual. |
MolecularAnalysisResultEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Abnormal, NOS |
Not characterized in any other way.: Deviating from the norm. |
Copy Number Reported |
The number of molecules of a particular type on or in a cell or part of a cell. Usually applied to specific genes or to plasmids within a bacterium. |
Equivocal |
Open to question. |
High |
An elevated level or position or degree; greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount. |
Intermediate |
Lying between two extremes in time or space or degree. |
Loss of Expression |
An indication that expression of a gene, RNA species or protein is not detected in a sample. |
Low |
A minimum level or position or degree; less than normal in degree, intensity or amount. |
Negative |
A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition. |
Normal |
Being approximately average or within certain limits; conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Overexpressed |
Synthesis of excess polypeptide within the cell. Overexpression is often due to the amplification or deregulation of the gene which encodes the gene product. |
Positive |
A finding of abnormality following an examination or observation confirming something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism. |
Test Value Reported |
An indication as to whether a test value has been reported or recorded. |
Unknown |
Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused. |
MolecularConsequenceEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Frameshift |
A type of mutation in which one or more paired nucleotides are inserted or deleted in the coding region of a gene, which causes the triplet codons to be read in the wrong frame; the resulting polypeptide has a garbled amino acid sequence from the mutated codon on. |
Missense |
A mutation in which a base change results in substitution of one amino acid for another. This change may result in alteration of the protein’s activity or stability. |
Monosomy |
The condition in which one chromosome of a pair is missing. In a normally diploid cell it is represented symbolically as 2N-1. |
None (inframe) |
Any mutation that does not cause a change in reading frame. |
Nullisomy |
A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the absence of both copies of a pair of homologous chromosomes. |
Splice Acceptor |
A heritable single nucleotide polymorphism located at the acceptor splice site in certain allelic variants of eukaryotic genes. These sites are located in genes at intron to exon junctions at the 3’ end of the intron. |
Splice Donor |
An inherited single base change at a donor splice site in a genomic DNA sequence that results in an allelic variant of the wild-type gene. Donor splice sites are located at exon to intron junctions at the 5’ end of the intron. |
Start Lost |
A mutation occurring within the start codon of a gene that results in a sequence that no longer encodes a start codon. This can result in a gene deletion or gene transcription may start from an alternative start site. |
Stop Gained |
A mutation in which a base change creates a stop codon, resulting in premature termination of a polypeptide product. |
Stop Lost |
A mutation occurring within the stop codon of a gene that results in a sequence that no longer encodes a stop codon and results in the transcription of non-coding regions downstream of the gene. |
Synonymous |
A mutation that alters the DNA sequence, but encodes the same amino acid. |
Trisomy |
A chromosomal abnormality consisting of the presence of one chromosome in addition to the normal diploid number. |
OffTreatmentReasonEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Adverse Event |
Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. Such events can be related to the intervention, dose, route of administration, patient, or caused by an interaction with another drug(s) or procedure(s). |
Death |
The absence of life or state of being dead. |
Disease Progression |
The worsening of a disease over time |
Non Compliance |
Failure of a study subject to comply with an aspect of the study. |
Other |
Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. |
Participant Withdrawal |
An indication that a study participant has removed itself from the study. |
Physician Decision |
A position, opinion or judgment reached after consideration by a physician with reference to subject. |
Protocol Defined Delay |
A break or delay in treatment that is fully described in a protocol. |
Protocol Violation |
A significant departure from processes or procedures that were required by the protocol. Violations often result in data that are not deemed evaluable for a per-protocol analysis, and may require that the subject(s) who violate the protocol be discontinued from the study. Compare to protocol deviation. (CDISC Glossary) |
Treatment Complete |
An indication or description that the course of study treatment has been carried out in full. |
PathogenicityEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Benign |
A genetic variant that is known to not contribute to the development of a disease. |
Likely Benign |
A genetic variant that is not expected to contribute to the development of a disease, but the scientific evidence may be insufficient to prove this conclusively. |
Likely Pathogenic |
An ad hoc category that describes genetic variants with 90% or greater certainty of contributing to the development of a disease. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Pathogenic |
A genetic variant that is known to directly contribute to the development of disease. |
Uncertain Significance |
An indication that there is not enough information to support a more definitive classification of the pathogenicity of a genetic variant. |
Unknown |
Not known, observed, recorded; or reported as unknown by the data contributor. |
PharmacotherapyTypeEnum
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
Combination Drug Therapy |
Drug therapy with two or more drugs given separately or together for a combined effect. |
Not Applicable |
Determination of a value is not relevant in the current context. |
Not Reported |
Not provided or available. |
Single Drug Therapy |
Pharmacotherapy consisting of a single agent. |
Unknown |
Not known, observed, recorded; or reported as unknown by the data contributor. |
PrimaryDiagnosisNCIThesaurusIDEnum
NCI Thesaurus concept identifier for primary diagnosis. Note that NCI Thesaurus offers very broad and very granular cancer types. Please select the most granular disease term most relevant to your research atlas. For example, for Ovarian Cancer, use: C4908: Ovarian Carcinoma, and not a more specific code such as: C139964: Stage I Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8.
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
C100012 |
Evidence of severe retrograde blood flow through the valve(s) of the heart. (ACC) |
C100020 |
There was greater than or equal to 50% stenosis (reduction in cross-sectional area) in three coronary arteries (or greater than or equal to 50% stenosis in the left main coronary artery and greater than or equal to 50% stenosis in the right coronary artery). (ACC) |
C100023 |
There was greater than or equal to 50% stenosis (reduction in cross-sectional area) in two coronary arteries (or greater than or equal to 50% stenosis in the left main coronary artery). (ACC) |
C100051 |
Renal cell carcinoma that develops in patients who are long-term survivors of childhood neuroblastoma. |
C100054 |
“A spectrum of neoplastic changes that occur in the conjunctiva and range from melanocytic hyperplasia through degrees of atypia to melanoma in situ. The lesions are generally unilateral but often multifocal and appear as flat, irregular brown discolorations of the conjunctiva. They usually affect middle-aged and elderly Caucasians. (WHO 2018)” |
C100062 |
Prolonged complete obstruction of the coronary artery. (ACC) |
C100070 |
A tear within the wall of a coronary vein. (ACC) |
C100093 |
“Germ cell tumors of the central nervous system other than germinoma. This category includes teratoma, choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumor.” |
C101024 |
A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the colon. |
C101025 |
A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the duodenum. |
C101026 |
A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the ileum. |
C101027 |
A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the jejunum. |
C101028 |
Inhalation of fluid from the amniotic sac into the lungs by the neonate. |
C101029 |
A congenital heart malformation characterized by abnormalities in the anatomic structures that relate to the endocardial cushions. These abnormalities can include defects in the lower part of the atrial septum and the ventricular septum and lack of separation of the mitral and tricuspid valves. |
C101030 |
Atrioventricular septal defect in which the atrioventricular junction is shared evenly between the left ventricle and right ventricle. |
C101031 |
Atrioventricular septal defect in which there is usually a single dominant ventricle and a hypoplastic ventricle. |
C101032 |
A congenital heart defect in which the heart is located in the right side and the other organs are in their normal position. |
C101036 |
A stage of retinopathy of prematurity characterized by the presence of the following in at least two quadrants around the optic nerve: dilation and tortuosity of major retinal vasculature as a result of increased blood flow. |
C101037 |
“A respiratory disorder characterized by higher than normal respiratory rates among premature and cesarean section delivered neonates whose lungs have not fully matured. The cause is often excess fluid in the lungs, and resolution is aided by supplemental oxygen and sometimes, antibiotics.” |
C101038 |
“A rare variant of multiple pterygium syndrome, characterized by severe athrogryposis, pterygium, akinesia and often hydrops fetalis and cystic hygroma. This variant is fatal, usually during the second or third trimester of pregnancy.” |
C101039 |
“A rare congenital disorder, this is the non-lethal variant of multiple pterygium syndrome, characterized by orthopedic and craniofacial abnormalities, pterygium and akinethesia. The majority of cases are autosomal dominant.” |
C101040 |
“The severe form of Hirschsprung disease, this is characterized by a complete lack of nerve cells in the large intestine, and often a partial lack in the small intestine. The bowel is not stimulated without innervation and obstruction ensues. Surgical intervention is necessary.” |
C101041 |
“The most common form of Hirschsprung Disease, this is characterized by a lack of nerve cells in the sigmoid colon and rectum. The bowel is not stimulated without innervation and obstruction ensues. Surgical intervention is necessary.” |
C101044 |
“The mildest form of spina bifida, characterized by any of several neural tube defects which may go undetected until an x-ray is performed. Treatment is symptomatic.” |
C101045 |
Methemoglobinemia that is caused by exposure to certain drugs (xylocaine and benzene). |
C101050 |
“A rare, congenital anomaly in the aorta in which a communication exists between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary artery.” |
C101074 |
A complete lack of ganglia in the intestine. This is an extremely severe form of Hirschsprung Disease. |
C101185 |
A congenital heart defect in which there is an abnormal arrangement of any of the primary blood vessels of the heart in conjunction with the notable absence of any pathologic opening between the cardiac ventricles. |
C101186 |
A congenital heart defect in which there is an abnormal arrangement of any of the primary blood vessels of the heart in conjunction with a pathologic opening between the cardiac ventricles. |
C101187 |
A rare congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of ocular tissue in both orbits. |
C101188 |
A rare congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of ocular tissue in one orbit. |
C101189 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of two abnormally small eye globes. |
C101190 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of one abnormally small eye globe and one normally sized eye globe. |
C101191 |
“Cataracts in both eyes that result from the aging process, an injury, or as a manifestation of a systemic disorder.” |
C101192 |
“A cataract in one eye that results from the aging process, an injury, or as a manifestation of a systemic disorder.” |
C101193 |
“Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)” |
C101194 |
Cataract in both eyes that are present at birth. |
C101195 |
Cataract in one eye that is present at birth. |
C101196 |
An electrocardiographic finding of a tachycardia that originates in the ventricles that is present at birth. |
C101197 |
A disorder present at birth characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a tachycardia that originates above the ventricles. |
C101198 |
Partial or complete paralysis of the facial muscles of one side of an individual’s face that is present at birth. It is caused by damage to the seventh cranial nerve. |
C101199 |
Damage to the phrenic nerve that results in paralysis of the hemidiaphragm at birth. |
C101200 |
Thrombocytopenia that occurs in neonates as a consequence of transplacental passage of maternal alloantibodies directed against fetal platelet antigens. |
C101201 |
A congenital abnormality in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface. |
C101202 |
A congenital abnormality in the cervical region of the spine in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface. |
C101203 |
“A congenital abnormality in the lumbar region of the spine, in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface.” |
C101207 |
“A congenital abnormality in the sacral region of the spine, in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface.” |
C101208 |
“A congenital abnormality in the thoracic region of the spine, in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface.” |
C101209 |
A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. |
C101210 |
A congenital abnormality in the cervical region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. |
C101211 |
A congenital abnormality in the lumbar region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. |
C101212 |
A congenital abnormality in the sacral region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. |
C101213 |
A congenital abnormality in the thoracic region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. |
C101214 |
A congenital neural tube defect in which vertebrae are not fully formed. It results in the protrusion of the spinal cord through the opening of the vertebrae. |
C101215 |
“A deficiency of the Mullerian inhibiting substance, which is secreted by the Sertoli cells during embryogenesis. It can result in unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism, testicular regression syndrome and sterility.” |
C101216 |
“A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the muscles. Representative examples include muscular dystrophy, metabolic myopathies, muscular atrophies, and dermatomyositis.” |
C101218 |
“A group of inherited hemolytic anemias caused by erythrocyte membrane defects. This includes hereditary pyropoikilocytosis, hereditary spherocytosis and hereditary elliptocytosis.” |
C101219 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the absence of both kidneys. |
C101220 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of only one kidney. |
C101222 |
“A syndrome characterized by the presence of three complete copies of genetic material for chromosome 21, instead of the normal two. It leads to a variety of abnormalities that include mental retardation, macroglossia, microgenia, epicanthic eyelids, and a single transverse palmar crease.” |
C101223 |
“A syndrome characterized by the presence of three complete copies of genetic material for chromosome 13, instead of the normal two. It leads to a variety of abnormalities that include mental retardation, microcephaly, low-set ears, eye structural defects, polydactyly, and limb abnormalities.” |
C101228 |
Increased pressure in both eyeballs due to obstruction of the outflow of aqueous humor. |
C101253 |
“Pathology involving the thoracic, thoracoabdominal, or abdominal aorta (including aneurysms). (ACC)” |
C101254 |
Pathology involving the main renal arteries or extrarenal arterial branches. (ACC) |
C101268 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the underdevelopment of both optic nerves. |
C101269 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the underdevelopment of one optic nerve. |
C101270 |
Encephalopathy in infants due to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin that are a result of Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus. |
C101272 |
Ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord due to spinal artery occlusion during the birthing process. |
C101273 |
“The diagnosis assigned when a health care practitioner feels strongly the patient has necrotizing enterocolitis, but lacks definitive proof.” |
C101279 |
A congenital deformity in which there is no laryngeal structure. |
C101304 |
A disorder of the fetus or newborn that occurs when fetal cells that are coated with IgG alloantibodies from the mother attack antigens inherited from the father. Severity can range from absence of symptoms to death. |
C101316 |
Partial or complete paralysis of the facial muscles of one side of an individual’s face that is caused by trauma. |
C101320 |
Respiratory distress in the newborn due to inhalation of blood; this is an unusual event and is sometimes linked to the non passage of meconium before delivery or mothers with antepartum hemorrhage. |
C101321 |
A constellation of neurobehavioral features observed following cessation or reduction of antenatal or postnatal drug exposure. |
C101322 |
A rare congenital heart anomaly in which there is coexistence of tetralogy of Fallot and complete atrioventricular septal defect. The latter is characterized by defects in the atrial and ventricular septa and a common atrioventricular valve. |
C101325 |
A congenital defect in which there is an abnormal spatial arrangement of the internal thoraco-abdominal organs; this manifestation of the disorder presents with many accessory spleens instead of one. |
C101326 |
“A congenital defect in which there is an abnormal spatial arrangement of the internal thoraco-abdominal organs; in this manifestation of the disorder, the spleen is absent.” |
C101328 |
Myopathy caused by mitochondrial abnormalities. |
C101329 |
A syndrome characterized by the presence of structural malformations that are present at birth and can be attributed to an exogenous cause. |
C101331 |
Impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxemia and decreased oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with increased arterial levels of carbon dioxide; the respiratory failure is due to a neuromuscular disorder. |
C101332 |
Impaired gas exchange by the respiratory system resulting in hypoxemia and decreased oxygenation of the tissues that may be associated with increased arterial levels of carbon dioxide; the respiratory failure is due to a central nervous system disorder. |
C101333 |
A disorder of blood clotting that is attributable to a deficiency in liver function. |
C101334 |
An inherited disorder that affects the metabolism of any acidic compound containing carbon in a covalent linkage. |
C101338 |
The formation of a thrombus in the artery as a direct result of an activity associated with vascular access. |
C101339 |
The formation of a thrombus in the vein as a direct result of an activity associated with vascular access. |
C101362 |
A constellation of symptoms that occur as a result of the presence of a complete third copy of the 18th chromosome. Characteristics include profound mental retardation and severe malformations. Individuals with this syndrome rarely live past one year. |
C101539 |
“Stage I includes: Any T, Any N, M0. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C101540 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C101541 |
“Stage II includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C101542 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C102532 |
“A benign or malignant, diffuse and/or follicular lymphocytic proliferation.” |
C102570 |
An extremely rare adenosarcoma that arises from the broad ligament. |
C102820 |
A non-granulomatous or granulomatous chronic inflammation of the endometrium. Causes include sexually transmitted pathogens and gynecological procedures. Patients may present with irregular bleeding. |
C102845 |
Localized tumor with incomplete gross excision; representative ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes negative for tumor microscopically. (cancer.gov) |
C102846 |
“Localized tumor with or without complete gross excision, with ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes positive for tumor. Enlarged contralateral lymph nodes must be negative microscopically. (cancer.gov)” |
C102870 |
A malignant germ cell tumor other than dysgerminoma that arises from the ovary. |
C102871 |
A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the brain or the spinal cord. |
C102872 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the pharynx. |
C102883 |
A benign or malignant neoplasm which is not further characterized. |
C102884 |
A malignant neoplasm caused by human papillomavirus in an a patient with a history of AIDS. |
C102897 |
“An astrocytic tumor exhibiting high-grade morphological characteristics. This category includes anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, and astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, grade 4.” |
C102954 |
Any condition resulting in systemically elevated blood pressure that is attributed to an arterial source. |
C102977 |
Inflammation of the peritoneum caused by an intrauterine intestinal perforation leading to presence of meconium within the fetal peritoneal cavity. This is frequently seen as intra-abdominal calcifications on imaging. |
C102979 |
Collection of urine in the renal pelvis that results in dilatation of the renal pelvis and calyces that is present at birth. |
C103144 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by the presence of polyhydramnios, neonatal macrosomia, craniofacial abnormalities, nephroblastomatosis, and predisposition to Wilms tumor. The prognosis is poor.” |
C103170 |
Withdrawal signs and symptoms that present during the postnatal period and are caused by drug use by the pregnant mother. |
C103172 |
“A bleeding disorder that is diagnosed during childhood, with the presenting symptom of excessive bleeding.” |
C103183 |
Drug withdrawal symptoms in a fetus following maternal discontinuation or reduction of use of one or more addictive substance(s) that have caused fetal physiological dependence. |
C103184 |
An abnormal alignment of the knee backwards that is due to a deformity in the knee joint. |
C103185 |
“A disorder that affects the female or male reproductive system and is present at birth. Representative examples include ovarian agenesis, vaginal agenesis, and penile agenesis.” |
C103186 |
A congenital disorder characterized by abnormalities in the development of the sexual characteristics. |
C103189 |
Damage to the phrenic nerve that results in paralysis of the hemidiaphragm and was not present at birth. |
C103226 |
Underdeveloped pulmonary arteries. |
C103233 |
“A congenital metabolic detected in the neonatal period that is characterized by the presence of a meconium ileus. The disease affects the exocrine glands andis inherited as an autosomal trait. The secretions of exocrine glands are abnormal, resulting in excessively viscid mucus production which causes obstruction of passageways (including pancreatic and bile ducts, intestines, and bronchi). The sweat sodium and chloride content are increased. Symptoms usually appear in childhood and include… |
C103236 |
A fetal affliction that has a neurological basis and manifests as a developmental disability. |
C103266 |
An underdeveloped aortic arch that is present at birth. This symptom is usually found in association with other cardiac defects that characterize left heart syndrome. |
C103296 |
An opportunistic infection caused by the human papillomavirus in a patient with AIDS. |
C103817 |
Prostate carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of prostate carcinoma. |
C103917 |
“An anatomic abnormality that occurs during embryonic development, in which the aortic arch is right-sided.” |
C103918 |
A congenital renal disorder characterized by the presence of small cysts in the renal cortex and/or renal medulla. |
C103920 |
“A severe and rare form of alpha thalassemia characterized by the absence of alpha globin chains. It results in hydrops fetalis, severe anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, heart defects, and genitourinary abnormalities. It leads to death in utero or shortly thereafter.” |
C103921 |
A rare genetic brain malformation characterized by smooth folds and grooves in the brain. There are approximately 20 different types of lissencephaly that are identified by various symptoms. |
C103922 |
Dilatation of the ureter caused by obstruction of urine flow that is present at birth. |
C103923 |
Abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that is present at birth. |
C103935 |
Dysfunction of the pulmonary valve characterized by incomplete valve closure that is present at birth. |
C103936 |
Dysfunction of the aortic valve characterized by incomplete valve closure that is present at birth. |
C103956 |
A congenital or acquired defect characterized by the presence of a hole in the retina. |
C103968 |
“A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the genes that are responsible for production of protein components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. It may present with lactic acidosis. Signs and symptoms include developmental delays, seizures and hypotonia.” |
C104003 |
A disorder of the blood that is present at birth. |
C104030 |
A term that refers to the staging of adrenal cortical carcinoma according to the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors (ENSAT). |
C104031 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. Tumor 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. The tumor has not invaded the surrounding tissues or organs and has not spread to lymph nodes or distant organs or tissues. (ENSAT 7th Ed, 2009)” |
C104032 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. Tumor greater than 5 cm. The tumor has not invaded surrounding tissues or organs and has not spread to lymph nodes or distant organs or tissues. (ENSAT 7th Ed, 2009)” |
C104033 |
“Stage III includes: T3/T4, N0/N1, M0. Tumor of any size that has spread to the fat outside the adrenal gland or into nearby organs or tissues and/or has spread to the regional lymph nodes. (ENSAT 7th Ed, 2009)” |
C104034 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. Tumor of any size that involves distant organs such as liver, bone or brain. The tumor may or may not involve nearby organs, tissues or lymph nodes. (ENSAT 7th Ed, 2009)” |
C104373 |
“A benign proliferation of the stromal cells in the breast. It is classified as simple, when associated with the presence of slit-like spaces without erythrocytes and as fascicular/proliferative, when spindle cell proliferation without atypia is present. It is often seen in breast tissue specimens as small foci associated with benign epithelial lesions. Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia presenting as a well-circumscribed palpable mass is rare.” |
C104813 |
A congenital defect in the neck that occurs during early embryonic development. It is caused by developmental abnormalities of the pharyngeal arches and results in the development of a cyst or a fissure in the side of the neck. |
C105555 |
A rapidly growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of high-grade cytologic features and frequent mitotic figures. |
C105556 |
A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. It usually originates from borderline neoplastic processes or adenofibromas. It is characterized by the presence of low-grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures. |
C105595 |
A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column or the cranium. |
C106273 |
A condition of the newborn characterized by the destruction of red blood cells initiated by the transmission of anti-A or anti-B antibodies from a mother to the child via the placenta against A or B antigens of the newborn’s blood. |
C107101 |
“An acute hypersensitive immune response that occurs from exposure to an allergen. It results from the release of histamine and histamine-like substances from mast cells, and can present with breathing difficulty due to narrowed airways, dizziness and hypotension, skin rash, weak pulse, nausea and vomiting.” |
C107376 |
A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of three or more consecutive complexes of ventricular origin that was not present at birth in an individual under age 21. The QRS complexes are wide and have an abnormal morphology. |
C107377 |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects muscles and bones. |
C110923 |
“Inflammation of the distal posterior uveal tract (choroid) and its structural and vascular attachments to the retina. It is usually caused by infection and though rare, it is clinically significant due to its most serious sequela: loss of vision.” |
C110936 |
“Blue skin coloration due to elevated blood levels of methemoglobin. The degree of cyanosis is directly correlated to the concentration of methemoglobin in the blood. As methemoglobin is not suitable for carrying oxygen, hypoxemia becomes a serious sequela.” |
C110938 |
A disorder characterized by an arrhythmia with an above normal rate. |
C110940 |
Insufficient production of all the anterior pituitary hormones. |
C110942 |
Aberrant drainage of one or more of the pulmonary veins which causes the return of oxygen-rich blood to the right atrium. |
C110960 |
Depletion of stem cells in the bone marrow that results in the lack of production of hematopoietic cells. |
C111020 |
Gene expression profiling that classifies uveal melanomas into a low-grade group. |
C111021 |
Gene expression profiling that classifies uveal melanomas into a high-grade group. |
C111022 |
Uveal melanoma with low metastatic risk as defined by gene expression profiling. |
C111023 |
Uveal melanoma with intermediate metastatic risk as defined by gene expression profiling. |
C111030 |
|
C111119 |
Intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles. |
C111643 |
A rare congenital anomaly where the heart is formed outside of the thoracic cavity. It is associated with intracardiac lesions and other structural malformations. |
C111646 |
A tachycardia originating in or adjacent to the AV junction. |
C111647 |
A condition where the heart is in the correct anatomic position but some or all of the other thoracoabdominal viscera are in the opposite lateral orientation. |
C111648 |
A ventricular tachycardia that is irregular in rate and rhythm. |
C111649 |
An inflammatory disorder of the pericardium and pleura seen as a post-operative complication of cardiovascular surgery. |
C111652 |
The presence of a thrombus within a vascular shunt. |
C111656 |
“A severe form of twin-twin transfusion syndrome that occurs in monochorionic pregnancies. The normal twin (pump twin) supplies the blood flow to its sibling that lacks heart or brain or both (acardiac/acephalic twin). Untreated, it may lead to the demise of the pump twin in some cases.” |
C111691 |
Classification of glioblastoma into molecular subtypes as defined by gene expression profiling. |
C111692 |
A molecular subtype of glioblastoma that is associated with younger age at presentation and is characterized by p53 mutations and PDGFRa amplifications. |
C111693 |
“A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by the expression of the neural markers NEFL, GABRA1, SYT1, and SLC12A5.” |
C111694 |
“A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by lack of p53 mutations, chromosome 7 amplifications or deletions, and high levels of EGFR amplification.” |
C111695 |
A molecular subtype of glioblastoma characterized by the presence of NF1 mutations. |
C111779 |
Congenital absence of the fetal ductus venosus. |
C111780 |
Presence of a large air bubble in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the antepartum period. |
C111781 |
Presence of a large air bubble in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the postpartum period. |
C111782 |
Presence of bacterially-infected tissue in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the antepartum period. |
C111783 |
Presence of a blood clot in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the antepartum period. |
C111802 |
“A rare genetic disorder characterized by nail dystrophy, reticulated skin pigmentation especially on the neck and chest, and oral leukoplakia. In about half the cases mutations in the TERT, TERC, DKC1, or TINF2 genes are identified. Patients are at an increased risk of developing bone marrow failure, myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia, or cancer, especially in the head and neck region.” |
C111814 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive genetic syndrome caused by mutations in the RAB27A gene. It is characterized by hypopigmentation of the skin, hair and eyes, recurrent infections, neutropenia, and immune system abnormalities. Patients are prone to develop hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.” |
C111856 |
A clotting condition characterized as a disruption in the homeostatic balance of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems presenting as a pathological activation of coagulation mechanisms leading to the formation of small clots inside the blood vessels throughout the body of the newborn. |
C111857 |
“A condition characterized as a coagulation disturbance in newborns due to vitamin K deficiency resulting in impaired production of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, and proteins C and S by the liver.” |
C111861 |
Presence of bacterially-infected tissue in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the postpartum period. |
C111865 |
Presence of a blood clot in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the postpartum period. |
C111886 |
An inflammatory skin condition in the diaper area that may be caused by irritation or infection. |
C111887 |
“An inflammatory skin condition in the diaper area superimposed with Candida infection, characterized by a bright red rash with a sharply demarcated edge and satellite lesions. Skin folds are often involved.” |
C111888 |
“A chronic, inflammatory skin disorder that affects the scalp, central face and skin folds; it is characterized by scaling and itching.” |
C111904 |
Fluid accumulation in multiple fetal anatomic cavities attributable to a maternal immune response against fetal blood cell antigens. |
C111905 |
Fluid accumulation in multiple fetal anatomic cavities that is of non-immune origin. |
C111908 |
“Fetal embryopathy associated with maternal angiotensis converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use during pregnancy that may include fetal acute renal failure, growth restriction, oligohydramnios, calvaria abnormalities, preterm birth, and pulmonary hypoplasia with respiratory distress.” |
C111909 |
“A constellation of features seen in the hyperinsulinemic fetus of a diabetic mother that include macrosomia, postnatal hypoglycemia and polycythemia.” |
C111911 |
“Acute hypotension or cardiac arrest, acute hypoxia or coagulopathy in the absence of any other potential explanation related to the presence of amniotic fluid or the fetal debris within the maternal vascular system during the antepartum or intrapartum period.” |
C111913 |
Diabetes diagnosed before current pregnancy. (reVITALize) |
C111914 |
“Infection of the endometrium, decidua and/or myometrium occurring at any time between birth and 42 days postpartum.” |
C111915 |
Clinical syndrome defined by the presence of both infection and a systemic inflammatory response that progresses to multi-organ failure. |
C111943 |
“Inflammation of the fetal sac membranes, characterized by otherwise unexplained fever (at or above 38 degree C (100.4F)) with one or more of the following: uterine tenderness and/or irritability, leukocytosis, fetal tachycardia, maternal tachycardia, or malodorous vaginal discharge.” |
C111963 |
“Skin findings arising from repeated rubbing, picking or scratching of a real or imagined irritation of the skin.” |
C112006 |
A staging system for thymoma based on the anatomic extent of disease at the time of surgery. |
C112007 |
The tumor is completely encapsulated. |
C112008 |
The tumor shows microscopic invasion into the capsule. |
C112009 |
The tumor shows invasion through the capsule and into the surrounding fatty tissue. |
C112010 |
The tumor shows invasion into the neighboring tissues and organs of the lower neck or upper chest. |
C112011 |
The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces. |
C112012 |
The tumor shows lymphogenous or hematogenous metastasis to distant sites. |
C112019 |
An infection that occurs at a surgical site within 30 days after an operation. |
C112116 |
“Inflammation and induration of the fascia related to an accumulation of white blood cells, including eosinophils.” |
C112117 |
“A congenital abnormality of the arteries and veins, lymph vessels or veins and lymph vessels.” |
C112122 |
A widespread acute rash characterized by fever and multiple small pustules on a reddish background. |
C112124 |
“A drug-induced photodermatosis characterized by skin fragility, erythema, and the appearance of tense bullae, erosions and scarring in the absence of abnormalities in porphyrin metabolism.” |
C112181 |
A skin infection caused by a fungus. |
C112183 |
Inflammation of the eyelids near the eyelashes. |
C112189 |
Inflammation of the thin layer of tissue lining the sclera of the eye characterized by redness in the white portion of the eye. |
C112197 |
An acute eruption of ulcerative lesions on the mucous membrane of the oropharynx. |
C112198 |
“Inflammation of the skin at the corners of the mouth characterized by redness, fissures or crusts.” |
C112200 |
“A scalp hair loss condition characterized by excessive shedding of hair in the resting phase of growth, usually following a fever or major body stress.” |
C112202 |
“An abrupt onset drug reaction characterized by a red rash that involves the face, neck, and upper torso.” |
C112203 |
A reaction to a drug characterized by skin findings common to lupus including photosensitivity and butterfly rash; typically it resolves after drug discontinuation. |
C112204 |
“A skin hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a pharmacologic substance that is characterized by raised purpuric lesions, red macules, hemorrhagic blisters and ulcerations.” |
C112208 |
“A potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction to a pharmacologic substance that is characterized by rash, lymphadenopathy, fever, hematologic abnormalities and involvement of one or more internal organs.” |
C112209 |
A form of drug hypersensitivity syndrome caused by anti-convulsants. |
C112210 |
Inflammation of the blood vessel wall characterized by palpable purpura. |
C112214 |
Fungal infection of a fingernail or toenail. |
C112831 |
“A non-hereditary form of ichthyosis characterized by plate-like scales on the legs, arms and occasionally the torso.” |
C112833 |
“A skin condition characterized by hypopigmented, pink or tan, confetti-like, discrete and confluent scaly macules distributed on the chest, shoulders and upper back.” |
C112836 |
“Acute onset of severe, life-threatening hyperthyroidism caused by a sudden release of excessive thyroid hormone.” |
C112840 |
A life threatening condition due to inadequate levels of glucocorticoids in an individual with adrenal insufficiency. |
C112843 |
“Preeclampsia with a systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher, or a diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher on two occasions at least 4 hours apart while on bedrest. It is associated with thrombocytopenia (platelets less than 100,000 per microliter), impaired liver function (twice normal elevation of hepatic transaminases; severe, persistent right upper quadrant or epigastric pain), progressive renal insufficiency (serum creatinine greater than 1.1 mg/dL or doubling of baseline i… |
C112844 |
Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy. Diagnosis from abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) but normal glucose levels when fasting and two hours post-prandial. Euglycemia achieved with diet and/or exercise. |
C112845 |
Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy. Diagnosis from abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and abnormal fasting or post-prandial glucose levels. Euglycemia achieved with medication. |
C112865 |
A condition characterized by a temporary imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand of the heart muscle in the newborn. |
C113143 |
Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormones due to a disorder originating within the thyroid gland. |
C113144 |
Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormones due to a disorder originating within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. |
C113145 |
Overproduction of thyroid hormone due to a disorder originating within the thyroid gland. |
C113146 |
Overproduction of thyroid hormones due to a disorder originating within the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. |
C113147 |
“Severe, transient hyperthyroidism associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis.” |
C113156 |
A condition in a newborn characterized by a temporary decrease in right ventricular and/or left ventricular output. |
C113159 |
An inflammatory process affecting the lung parenchyma. It is a milder form of lung inflammation compared to pneumonia. |
C113169 |
“A cluster of closely related metabolic abnormalities associated with insulin resistance that confer an increased risk of the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These abnormalities may include obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol levels, proteinuria, and/or polycystic ovary syndrome.” |
C113170 |
“Abnormal thyroid function tests, low triiodothyronine with elevated reverse triiodothyronine, in the setting of non-thyroidal illness.” |
C113171 |
“A common, self-limiting thyroid disorder seen in preterm infants that is characterized by abnormally low serum levels of thyroxine and free thyroxine with normal serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone.” |
C113172 |
“A hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands fail to release adequate amounts of glucocorticoids (cortisol), mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone), and androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone) to meet physiologic needs, despite release of ACTH from the pituitary.” |
C113210 |
Cushing’s syndrome due to abnormally high secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. |
C113214 |
Abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone due to a disorder originating within the parathyroid glands. |
C113238 |
A carcinosarcoma of the uterus characterized by the presence of sarcomatous elements that arise from the tissues of the uterus. |
C113239 |
“A carcinosarcoma of the uterus characterized by the presence of sarcomatous elements composed of tissues that are not found in the uterus (e.g., bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle).” |
C113335 |
Overproduction of parathyroid hormone in response to influence external to the parathyroid glands. |
C113338 |
Occurrence of the first menstrual period in a female before the usual or expected age. |
C113339 |
Abnormally late or absent menarche in a female with normal secondary sexual characteristics. |
C113340 |
“The cessation of menstruation for six months or more in a female that is not pregnant, breastfeeding or menopausal.” |
C113341 |
Infrequent menstrual periods. |
C113347 |
Abnormal ovarian or testicular function due to insufficient hormonal stimulation from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. |
C113348 |
Ovarian or testicular dysfunction associated with high levels of gonadotropins. |
C113351 |
The inability of the ovaries to function. |
C113352 |
Absent or premature cessation of ovarian function due to a pathologic process originating within the ovaries. |
C113385 |
Histologically-confirmed deep attachment of the placenta into the myometrium that does not cross the serosa. |
C113386 |
Histologically-confirmed deep attachment of the placenta into the myometrium and serosa. It may further extend into an adjacent organ such as the bladder. |
C113387 |
A condition in which the placental edge is within 2 cm of but not covering the cervical os. |
C113395 |
Inability to achieve a full feeding volume. |
C113397 |
A condition associated with gastro-esophageal reflux disease that presents in infancy and early childhood and is characterized by spastic torticollis and dystonic body movements. |
C113400 |
A syndrome characterized by progressive kidney failure in a patient with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure. |
C113421 |
“A disorder observed in a newborn who was exposed to chloramphenicol. Manifestations include hypotension, cyanosis, cardiovascular collapse and/or death.” |
C113422 |
“A disorder likely to occur in children and grandchildren of a woman treated with diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy. Manifestations include vaginal adenosis, cervical malformations, vaginal septae, genital tract anomalies or Fallopian tube anomalies causing subsequent fertility problems.” |
C113485 |
“A condition in which the offspring of a mother with diabetes predating pregnancy develops congenital malformations that can affect multiple organ systems including the brain and spinal cord, the heart and major vessels, the kidneys, the gut, and skeletal structures.” |
C113609 |
“Hepatic necrosis, inflammation, or scarring due to any cause that persists for more than 6 months. Manifestations may include signs and symptoms of cholestasis, portal hypertension, and/or abnormal liver function tests.” |
C113615 |
Recurrent episodes of pain localized to the anus or lower rectum which lasts seconds to minutes. There is no pain between episodes. |
C113664 |
An intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas that arises from the main pancreatic duct. |
C113665 |
An intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas that arises in one of the branches of the main pancreatic duct. It usually has an indolent behavior. |
C113667 |
An intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas that arises primarily from the main pancreatic duct and extends to the branch ducts. |
C113669 |
“A rare systemic and life-threatening infection associated with vaccination with the live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, bacillus Calmette-Guerin.” |
C113671 |
“A rare, paralytic poliomyelitis associated with the orally administered live attenuated strain of the poliovirus, OPV.” |
C113672 |
“A rare systemic and life-threatening infection associated with vaccination with the live attenuated strain of the Varicella-zoster virus, Oka.” |
C113673 |
“Coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath that is triggered by allergens, infection, or other irritants.” |
C113723 |
A rare autoimmune disorder in which patients present with overlapping symptoms of systemic scleroderma and polymyositis or dermatomyositis. |
C113740 |
Abnormally high level of fibrinogen in the blood. |
C113749 |
“A self-limiting cutaneous vasculitis that typically presents as a clinical triad of purpura, edema, and fever in children between the ages of four months and two years old. It is usually associated with a recent history of upper respiratory infection and/or antibiotic therapy.” |
C113814 |
Diminished production of adrenocortical hormones due to autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands. |
C113824 |
A condition which occurs in monozygotic twins in which one of the fetuses supplies the majority of the cardiac output to its co-twin through its umbilical artery. The recipient twin has only rudimentary organs and structure and is not viable. |
C114130 |
“After delivery of neonate, placental retention that requires clinical intervention such as manual extraction, curettage or uterotonic medications.” |
C114281 |
Inflammation of the parotid glands. |
C114282 |
“Asymptomatic separation of the uterine wall, usually at the site of a prior uterine scar, that does not include the overlying serosa.” |
C114345 |
A hypersensitivity reaction mediated by antibodies formed against cell surface antigens. |
C114346 |
“A hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the deposition of antigen-antibody immune complexes in tissues, which trigger activation of the complement system.” |
C114347 |
“A group of chronic, inflammatory childhood diseases characterized by arthritis and enthesitis. This disorder can affect the axial skeleton in late childhood or young adulthood.” |
C114354 |
“An autoimmune disorder, similar to systemic lupus erythematosus, that is caused by certain drugs.” |
C114357 |
“A group of chronic, inflammatory childhood disorders of unknown etiology that primarily involve joints.” |
C114358 |
An idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of childhood resulting in muscle weakness. |
C114361 |
Childhood arthritis typically associated with psoriasis. |
C114377 |
Protrusion of the uterine fundus through the cervix when the placenta fails to detach from the uterus as it exits. |
C114388 |
“Renal failure that occurs postpartum due to any partum problem (hemorrhage, sepsis, preeclampsia).” |
C114389 |
Inflammatory disorder of thyroid gland that occurs postpartum due to any partum problem. |
C114397 |
“The formation of a blood clot in the lumen of a vessel; causes include coagulation disorders, and vascular endothelial injury.” |
C114451 |
An infrequent malignant neoplasm that occurs during childhood. |
C114470 |
“Inflammation at the site of insertion of ligaments, tendons, and other fibrous structures into bone.” |
C114471 |
“A complication of rheumatic disease that is caused by excessive activation and uncontrolled proliferation of T lymphocytes and well-differentiated macrophages. It is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, liver insufficiency, coagulopathy and neurologic symptoms.” |
C114476 |
“An immune response that occurs following re-exposure to an innocuous antigen, and that requires the presence of existing antibodies against that antigen. This response involves the binding of IgE to mast cells, and may worsen with repeated exposures.” |
C114477 |
“A proximal renal tubular disorder resulting in diminished reabsorption of phosphate, glucose, amino acids, urate, and low molecular weight proteins.” |
C114483 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during childhood. |
C114541 |
An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C114560 |
L1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114562 |
L2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114574 |
Non-T non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. |
C114576 |
Non-T non-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114579 |
“Non-T non-B, CALLA negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood.” |
C114580 |
“Non-T non-B, CALLA negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood.” |
C114581 |
L2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. |
C114583 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to drugs. |
C114585 |
Kidney injury caused by calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressive therapy which may lead to diminished kidney function. |
C114593 |
TdT positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. |
C114594 |
TdT positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114595 |
TdT negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. |
C114596 |
TdT negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114598 |
A term referring to conventional osteosarcomas which do not have a dominant matrix pattern and contain a mixture of osteoid matrix in combination with chondroid matrix and/or collagen fibers. |
C114599 |
Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. |
C114600 |
Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood. |
C114656 |
A rare endometrial carcinoma characterized by the presence of both malignant glandular and malignant squamous cellular components. |
C114666 |
Inflammation of the bladder resulting in bloody urine. |
C114667 |
The presence of a calculus in the pelvis of the kidney; this is most often composed of mineral salts and proteins. |
C114688 |
Stone(s) within the urinary tract. |
C114696 |
The presence of a calculus in the ureter of the kidney; this is most often composed of mineral salts and proteins. |
C114722 |
An obstruction of a vessel caused by a detached fragment of an indwelling dialysis catheter. |
C114723 |
A local or systemic infection associated with the use of a dialysis catheter. |
C114724 |
A local or systemic infection associated with the use of a hemodialysis catheter. |
C114725 |
A local or systemic infection associated with the use of a peritoneal dialysis catheter. |
C114726 |
Local infection involving the subcutaneously tunneled portion of a dialysis catheter. |
C114727 |
Local infection at the dialysis catheter exit site. |
C114728 |
The presence of bacteria in the blood caused by an infected hemodialysis catheter. |
C114749 |
An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114750 |
An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma that arises from the bone and occurs during childhood. |
C114751 |
Infection of the peritoneum related to a peritoneal dialysis catheter. |
C114752 |
A non-infectious inflammation of the peritoneum. |
C114754 |
Narrowing of the lumen of an arteriovenous fistula. |
C114756 |
Partial or complete occlusion of the lumen within an arteriovenous fistula by a thrombus. |
C114759 |
A gliosarcoma that arises from the brain stem and occurs during childhood. |
C114760 |
A mixed glioma that arises from the brain stem and occurs during childhood. |
C114763 |
Partial or complete occlusion of the lumen of an arteriovenous graft by a thrombus. |
C114766 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder of long-chain fatty-acid oxidation caused by mutations in the CPT2 gene. The disease includes three main types: a lethal neonatal form, a severe infantile hepatocardiomuscular form, and a myopathic form.” |
C114767 |
An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GALK1 gene. The disorder is characterized by an accumulation of galactose and galactitol secondary to the decreased conversion of galactose to galactose-1-phosphate by galactokinase. Its major clinical symptom is the development of cataracts during the first weeks or months of life. |
C114768 |
“A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder of connective tissue caused by mutations in either the TGFBR1 or TGFBR2 gene. Like Loeys-Dietz syndrome type I the disease is characterized by enlargement of the aorta and other arteries, and arterial tortuosity, but skeletal signs are typically less severe or absent in type 2. Skin abnormalities, such as velvety skin are often present in type 2.” |
C114769 |
“A rare autosomal dominant form of diabetes mellitus affecting young people with a positive family history. MODY is a form of monogenic diabetes, resulting from mutations in a single gene. The most common forms are HNF1alpha-MODY (MODY3) and GCK-MODY (MODY2), due to mutations in the HNF1A and GCK genes, respectively.” |
C114770 |
Xeroderma pigmentosum caused by bi-allelic mutations in XPC gene. |
C114771 |
Xeroderma pigmentosum caused by bi-allelic mutations in DDB2 gene. |
C114772 |
“Thrombus formation within an apparatus that carries blood outside of the body, such as pheresis, dialysis or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).” |
C114773 |
An oligodendroglioma that arises from the brain and occurs during childhood. |
C114774 |
“A supratentorial embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified that occurs in childhood.” |
C114775 |
A rare central nervous system neoplasm with neuroblastic and/or neuronal differentiation that arises from the supratentorial brain and occurs during childhood. It is characterized by the presence of structural rearrangements of FOXR2 gene that result in the activation of the transcription factor FOXR2. |
C114777 |
A germ cell tumor that occurs during adulthood. |
C114778 |
A germ cell tumor that arises within the cranium and occurs during adulthood. |
C114779 |
A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the central nervous system. |
C114781 |
“A complication occurring during hemodialysis that is thought to be due to a rapid decrease in blood urea nitrogen, and is characterized by an increase in intracranial pressure resulting in nausea, headache, vomiting, restlessness, and/or a decreased level of consciousness.” |
C114782 |
An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma that arises from the bone and occurs during adulthood. |
C114783 |
Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs during pregnancy. |
C114784 |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs during pregnancy. |
C114785 |
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114801 |
A germ cell tumor that arises from the testis or ovary and occurs during childhood. |
C114806 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis that occurs during childhood. |
C114807 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis that occurs during adulthood. |
C114808 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis that occurs during childhood. |
C114809 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis that occurs during adulthood. |
C114812 |
A pineoblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114819 |
A B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood. It is characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts that carry a translocation between the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9. It results in the production of the p190 kd or p210 kd fusion protein. It has an unfavorable clinical outcome. |
C114821 |
An overproduction of parathyroid hormone that is autonomous and often associated with chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism. |
C114828 |
A melanoma that arises from a mucosal site. |
C114830 |
Abnormally low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood. |
C114831 |
A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the soft tissues from another anatomic site. |
C114833 |
A central nervous system embryonal tumor that occurs during childhood. |
C114836 |
The reemergence of childhood central nervous system embryonal tumor after a period of remission. |
C114837 |
Inflammation of the pericardium associated with chronic kidney failure. |
C114838 |
“A sudden immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.” |
C114839 |
“A sudden onset of T-cell mediated immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.” |
C114841 |
“A sudden onset of B-cell mediated immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.” |
C114842 |
Thrombus formation within the arterial or venous system of donor tissue post transplantation. |
C114844 |
Thrombus formation within the arterial or venous system of a donor kidney post transplantation. |
C114848 |
An immediate rejection of transplanted tissue caused by the presence of preformed antibodies to donor human leukocyte antigens. |
C114852 |
“Development of diabetes after transplant, usually associated with calcineurin inhibitor use.” |
C114853 |
The need for dialysis within a week of kidney transplant. |
C114875 |
A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age. |
C114876 |
A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age and shows evidence of oligohydramnios. |
C114877 |
A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age and has abnormal Doppler studies. |
C114878 |
A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age and whose abdominal circumference falls below the tenth percentile. |
C114899 |
“Hyperglycemia in the first month of life due to a genetically determined defect in the structure, secretion and/or function of insulin that resolves spontaneously within nine months of onset.” |
C114900 |
A perceived issue with a person’s emotional wellbeing. |
C114902 |
“Hyperglycemia in the first month of life due to a genetically determined defect in the structure, secretion and/or function of insulin that does not resolve spontaneously.” |
C114906 |
“A hypermetabolic syndrome characterized by tachycardia, palpitations, tremor, weight loss, and moist skin that is caused by the elevation of thyroid hormone levels in the serum of the newborn infant or thyroid-axis receptor activation, most commonly due to transplacental passage of thyroid stimulating globulins.” |
C114907 |
A disorder of decreased production of parathyroid hormone by the parathyroid gland in a newborn. It is due to maternal hyperparathyroidism. It may be characterized by hypocalcemic seizures in the first weeks of life. |
C114909 |
“A severe and often fatal form of necrotizing enterocolitis, in which diffuse ischemia, necrosis, and pneumatosis intestinalis are evident in the small and large intestine. Short bowel syndrome is common among survivors.” |
C114923 |
An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that occurs during adulthood. |
C114926 |
An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that occurs during childhood. |
C114928 |
“Inability to effectively digest or absorb the components of breast milk substitutes. Symptoms may include emesis, abdominal distension or diarrhea.” |
C114929 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during adulthood. |
C114932 |
Breast adenocarcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy. |
C114933 |
Prostate carcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy. |
C114940 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the cardiovascular system. |
C114949 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread to the central nervous system following the initial presentation in another nodal or extranodal site. |
C114950 |
A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread to the central nervous system following the initial presentation in another nodal or extranodal site. |
C114951 |
A Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the central nervous system. |
C114956 |
The reemergence of a childhood astrocytic tumor after a period of remission. |
C114960 |
“A morphologic defect of an organ, part of an organ, or a larger region of the body that results from the extrinsic breakdown of, or an interference with, an originally normal developmental process.” |
C114963 |
A fibrillary astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114964 |
A gemistocytic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114966 |
A giant cell glioblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114967 |
A diffuse astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114968 |
A gliosarcoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114969 |
Gliomatosis cerebri that occurs during childhood. |
C114970 |
A pilomyxoid astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114971 |
A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114972 |
A protoplasmic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114973 |
An anaplastic oligoastrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114974 |
An oligoastrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C114987 |
A combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C114992 |
A fibrolamellar carcinoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C114993 |
A hepatocellular pleomorphic carcinoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C115029 |
Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE). |
C115030 |
Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). |
C115031 |
“Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).” |
C115032 |
“Ann Arbor Classification: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s); or any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid.” |
C115033 |
The tumor shows invasion into the capsule. |
C115034 |
The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces or metastasis to distant sites. |
C115035 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1a, M0); (T1, N1b, M0); (T2, N1b, M0); (T3, N1b, M0); (T4a, N1b, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor of any size extending beyond the thyroid gland capsule to invade subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. T3: T… |
C115036 |
“Stage IVB includes: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Very advanced disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia or encases carotid artery or mediastinal vessels. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115037 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115038 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1a, M0); (T1, N1b, M0); (T2, N1b, M0); (T3, N1b, M0); (T4a, N1b, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor of any size extending beyond the thyroid gland capsule to invade subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the thyroid gland. T3: T… |
C115039 |
“Stage IVB includes: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Very advanced disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia or encases carotid artery or mediastinal vessels. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115040 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115041 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115042 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115043 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115044 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115045 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115046 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115047 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115048 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in… |
C115049 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No … |
C115050 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115051 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in… |
C115052 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No … |
C115053 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node). (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115054 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115055 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node). (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115056 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115057 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115058 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115059 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115060 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0);. IVB (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a (lip): Tumor invades through cortical bone, inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face, i.e., chin or nose. T4a (oral cavity): Tumor invades adjacent structures (e.g., through cortical bone, into deep [extrinsic] muscles of tongue, maxillary sinus, skin of face). T4b: Tumor invades masticator space, pt… |
C115061 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Lip and oral cavity cancer with moderately advanced local disease. Lip: Tumor invades through cortical bone, inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face, i.e., chin or nose. Oral cavity: Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical bone [mandible or maxilla] into deep [extrinsic] muscle of tongue [genioglossus, hyoglossus, palatoglossus, and styloglo… |
C115062 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Lip and oral cavity cancer with very advanced local disease. Tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base and/or encases internal carotid artery. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node more than 6 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115063 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115070 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor restricted to any one subsite, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115071 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis…. |
C115072 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Maxillary sinus: Tumor invading any of the following: bone of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus, subcutaneous tissues, floor or medial wall of orbit, pterygoid fossa, or ethmoid sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate, or cribriform plate. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destru… |
C115073 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbita… |
C115074 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbital contents, skin of nose or cheek, minimal extension to anterior crani… |
C115075 |
“Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: orbital apex, dura, brain, middle cranial fossa, cranial nerves other than maxillary division of trigeminal nerve, nasopharynx, or clivus. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115076 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115086 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115087 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)” |
C115088 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 centimeters in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115089 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor with moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or le… |
C115090 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Tumor with moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more t… |
C115091 |
“Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Tumor with very advanced local disease. Tumor invades lateral pterygoid muscle, pterygoid plates, lateral nasopharynx, or skull base or encases carotid artery. N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node more than 6 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115092 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115093 |
The reemergence of oropharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115094 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Microscopically confirmed peritoneal tumor outside pelvis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C115095 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Microscopic peritoneal tumor beyond pelvis (no macroscopic tumor). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C115096 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Macroscopic peritoneal tumor beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C115097 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T3c, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T3c: Peritoneal tumor beyond pelvis more than 2cm in greatest dimension and/or regional lymph node metastasis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C115098 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis (excludes peritoneal metastasis). (AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C115117 |
“Stage IA includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Any. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: T1, N0, M0, G1-2, X. T1: Tumor … |
C115118 |
“Stage IB includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T1, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T2-3, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Lower, X). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated. Tumor locatio… |
C115119 |
“Stage IIIA includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 region… |
C115120 |
“Stage IIIB includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: T3, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: T3, N2, M0, Any G. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)” |
C115121 |
“Stage IIIC includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. T4b: Unresectable tumor invading other adjacent structures, such as aorta, vertebral body, trachea, etc. N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes. N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph … |
C115124 |
A self-resolving eye condition characterized by fluid accumulation under the macula in the retina. It results from leakage of fluid from the choroid. It usually affects one eye only and the vast majority of patients regain full vision. |
C115130 |
Tumor involves adnexa. No regional lymph node or distant metastasis. |
C115131 |
Tumor involves other pelvic tissues. No regional lymph node or distant metastasis. |
C115132 |
“A staging classification system for hepatocellular carcinoma that uses variables related to tumor stage, liver functional status, physical status, and cancer-related symptoms, and links the stages with a treatment algorithm. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)” |
C115133 |
Very early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are optimal candidates for resection. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115135 |
“Early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are candidates for radical therapies (resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatments). (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)” |
C115136 |
Intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients may benefit from chemoembolization. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115137 |
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients may receive new agents in the setting of randomized controlled trials. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115138 |
End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115139 |
Very early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are optimal candidates for resection. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115140 |
“Early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are candidates for radical therapies (resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatments). (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)” |
C115141 |
Intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients may benefit from chemoembolization. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115143 |
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients may receive new agents in the setting of randomized controlled trials. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115144 |
End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41) |
C115149 |
“An infectious process caused by adenovirus. The virus may cause respiratory illness, conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and cystitis.” |
C115150 |
Grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis that occurs in adulthood. |
C115153 |
Myelodysplastic syndrome that occurs in adulthood. |
C115154 |
Nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma that occurs in adulthood. |
C115163 |
Pneumonia that is not acquired in a hospital or long-term care facility setting. |
C115164 |
An infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting. |
C115165 |
Inflammation of the salivary glands. |
C115192 |
An ependymal tumor that occurs during childhood. |
C115195 |
A mixed glioma that occurs during childhood. |
C115196 |
A pineal parenchymal cell neoplasm that occurs during childhood. |
C115200 |
Castleman disease that presents with localized lymphadenopathy. |
C115201 |
A cerebellar anaplastic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C115202 |
A cerebral anaplastic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C115203 |
“An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, C19MC-altered that occurs during childhood.” |
C115204 |
Grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis that occurs during childhood. |
C115207 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutation in the c-Mpl gene. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia and absence of megakaryocytes. It presents with bleeding in the first month of life.” |
C115210 |
A carcinoma that arises from the distal part of the urethra. |
C115211 |
Germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is diagnosed in at least two relatives. |
C115212 |
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia in a patient who has at least one first degree relative with either Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia or another B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. |
C115221 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by a tendency for excessive bleeding. |
C115225 |
Genetic inheritance of neuroblastoma caused by mutations in the ALK or PHOX2B genes. Familial neuroblastomas have a higher incidence of multiple primary tumors and are diagnosed at an earlier age. |
C115245 |
Digestive system neuroendocrine tumor G1 that has spread to other anatomic sites. |
C115248 |
A bacterial infection that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is not susceptible to methicillin. |
C115250 |
A mixed glioma that occurs during adulthood. |
C115253 |
A melanocytic neoplasm that arises from the leptomeninges and occurs during adulthood. |
C115263 |
A myxopapillary ependymoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C115292 |
A soft tissue sarcoma that occurs during childhood and is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites. |
C115297 |
Pneumonia acquired during a hospital stay. |
C115326 |
“The most severe syndrome in the spectrum of single, large-scale mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions (SLSMDs), usually presenting shortly after birth with sideroblastic anemia. The condition is often associated with exocrine pancreas insufficiency and multi-system dysfunction including diabetes mellitus, cortisol deficiency, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency. Commonly associated clinical findings include the following: failure to thrive, hypotonia, ptosis, oph… |
C115327 |
A pineal gland astrocytoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C115334 |
A carcinoma that arises from the proximal part of the urethra. |
C115339 |
Injury of the retina following exposure to radiation. The retinal injury results from occlusive microangiopathy caused by endothelial cell loss. |
C115349 |
The reemergence of grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis in adulthood after a period of remission. |
C115351 |
The reemergence of undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone in adulthood after a period of remission. |
C115352 |
The reemergence of borderline ovarian epithelial tumor after a period of remission. |
C115356 |
The reemergence of anaplastic astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115357 |
The reemergence of anaplastic large cell lymphoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115358 |
The reemergence of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115359 |
The reemergence of anaplastic oligodendroglioma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115360 |
The reemergence of diffuse astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115361 |
The reemergence of fibrillary astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115362 |
The reemergence of gemistocytic astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115363 |
The reemergence of giant cell glioblastoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115364 |
The reemergence of glioblastoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115365 |
The reemergence of gliosarcoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115366 |
The reemergence of gliomatosis cerebri in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115367 |
The reemergence of grade III lymphomatoid granulomatosis in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115368 |
The reemergence of undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115369 |
The reemergence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115370 |
The reemergence of oligoastrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115371 |
The reemergence of oligodendroglioma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115372 |
The reemergence of pilocytic astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115373 |
The reemergence of pilomyxoid astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115374 |
The reemergence of pineoblastoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115375 |
The reemergence of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115376 |
The reemergence of protoplasmic astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115380 |
The reemergence of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115381 |
“The reemergence of supratentorial embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified in childhood after a period of remission.” |
C115384 |
The reemergence of olfactory neuroblastoma after a period of remission. |
C115385 |
The reemergence of malignant extragonadal germ cell tumor after a period of remission. |
C115427 |
The reemergence of a malignant extragonadal nongerminomatous germ cell tumor after a period of remission. |
C115428 |
The reemergence of extragonadal seminoma after a period of remission. |
C115429 |
The reemergence of fallopian tube carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115430 |
The reemergence of grade I lymphomatoid granulomatosis after a period of remission. |
C115431 |
The reemergence of grade II lymphomatoid granulomatosis after a period of remission. |
C115432 |
The reemergence of inverted Schneiderian papilloma after a period of remission. |
C115433 |
The reemergence of pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115439 |
The reemergence of mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome after a period of remission. |
C115440 |
The reemergence of Merkel cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115441 |
The reemergence of primary peritoneal carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115442 |
The reemergence of lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115443 |
The reemergence of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C115444 |
The reemergence of combined thymus epithelial neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C115445 |
The reemergence of renal neoplasm in childhood after a period of remission. |
C115458 |
Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs during childhood and is resistant to treatment. |
C115460 |
Slowly progressive systemic mastocytosis with uncertain prognosis. It is characterized by organomegaly and absence of aggressive disease. |
C115623 |
A subependymoma that occurs during adulthood. |
C115763 |
Accumulation of iron in internal organs that results from repeated blood transfusions. |
C115787 |
Shunting of blood flow from the arterial to the venous side of a hemodialysis access. |
C115965 |
Inflammation of the mucous membranes. |
C115966 |
Invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder which is associated with the presence of in situ or infiltrating urethral carcinoma. |
C115967 |
A protrusion of necrotic tissue through the abdominal wall under the skin near the umbilicus. |
C115988 |
Infection in the first month of life caused by the Herpes simplex virus. |
C115992 |
An acute infection of the anterior portion of the eyelid and surrounding tissues. |
C115993 |
Inflammation of the retina. |
C115997 |
An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone that occurs in adulthood and has not spread to other anatomic sites. |
C115998 |
An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone that occurs in childhood and has not spread to other anatomic sites. |
C116003 |
Inflammation of the throat due to Streptococcus pyogenes. |
C116006 |
Inflammation of the tonsillar tissue. |
C116007 |
Inflammation of the epiglottis. |
C116008 |
Inflammation of the umbilical cord stump in newborns. |
C116115 |
The formation of a blood clot of a vessel or heart chamber after and due to the placement of a stent. |
C116313 |
A condition characterized by cardiorespiratory and neurological depression following birth. |
C116316 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Histologically it resembles intestinal adenocarcinoma. It is associated with lengthy occupational exposure to dust. |
C116317 |
A very rare small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the kidney. |
C116318 |
A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the nose and paranasal sinuses and is composed of malignant small cells. The mitotic count is more than 10 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20%. |
C116319 |
“A rare chromosomal disorder characterized by trisomy of chromosome 14 in some cells in the body. It manifests with intrauterine growth retardation, craniofacial abnormalities, failure to thrive, psychomotor delays, and mental retardation.” |
C116333 |
“A transient condition that can occur following influenza vaccination that is characterized by bilateral conjunctivitis, facial edema, and upper respiratory symptoms.” |
C116342 |
“A grade I or grade II astrocytoma. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma (grade I), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (grade I), and diffuse astrocytoma (grade II).” |
C116343 |
A disorder of central nervous system etiology characterized by excessive sleepiness during the daytime. |
C116345 |
“A rapidly progressive autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by limb paresthesias, areflexia, and generalized muscle weakness or paralysis that often begins in the legs and spreads to the arms, torso, and face.” |
C116347 |
An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a consequence of an obstruction at any location within the ventricular system that prevents cerebrospinal fluid flowing into the subarachnoid space. |
C116359 |
Raynaud phenomenon associated with an underlying autoimmune disorder. |
C116360 |
Raynaud phenomenon without a known underlying autoimmune disorder. |
C116361 |
“A childhood disorder characterized by difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep due to negative sleep associations, refusal to go to bed, and/or repeated attempts to delay bedtime.” |
C116362 |
“A neurological syndrome characterized by distorted perceptions of shape, loss of sense of time, and visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations.” |
C116363 |
“An autoimmune microvascular disease that is characterized by the clinical triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusions, and hearing loss.” |
C116364 |
“A hearing disorder characterized by impaired transmission of signals through the auditory nerve, resulting in mild to severe hearing loss and poor speech perception.” |
C116365 |
Hearing loss in the absence of auditory system pathology. |
C116366 |
“A disorder in which an individual has an abnormally low noise tolerance, and increased sensitivity to sounds.” |
C116367 |
“Bilateral hearing loss caused by progressive degeneration of cochlear structures and central auditory pathways, typically associated with the aging process.” |
C116378 |
“A postoperative syndrome, usually presenting after midline posterior fossa tumor resection, that involves a variety of signs and symptoms including aphasia, mutism or speech disturbances, dysphagia, mobility problems, cranial nerve palsies and emotional instability.” |
C116379 |
“A syndrome, usually presenting after midline posterior fossa tumor resection, which is characterized by abnormalities of speech, behavioral or affective disturbances, and diffuse cerebellar dysfunction.” |
C116380 |
“A congenital autoinflammatory disorder that presents within a few days of birth and is characterized by a clinical triad of skin rash, chronic meningitis, and joint pain with recurrent fever and inflammation.” |
C116381 |
Inflammation of a nerve. |
C116382 |
Abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the subdural space of the brain. |
C116383 |
An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a later sequela of an intraventricular or subarachnoid hemorrhage. |
C116384 |
An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a consequence of a central nervous system inflammation. |
C116538 |
“A neurological disorder of childhood characterized by partial seizures consisting of twitching, numbness, or tingling of the face or tongue that often progress to secondary generalized seizures.” |
C116552 |
“A neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures presenting within the first three months of life, progressive cerebral dysfunction, and an EEG pattern of periods of low electrical brain activity interspersed with bursts of high spiky activity.” |
C116573 |
“A severe form of epilepsy that presents in early childhood and is characterized by frequent, prolonged febrile or myoclonic seizures that may progress to status epilepticus and poor development of language, motor, and socialization skills.” |
C116593 |
A neurologic disorder characterized by frequently recurring myoclonic seizures and other seizure types presenting within the first months of life. |
C116599 |
Paralysis affecting corresponding parts on both sides of the body. |
C116601 |
“Abnormally late development of the coordination of the muscles, bones, and/or nerves that produces whole body and large muscle group movements.” |
C116602 |
Delayed acquisition of age appropriate motor milestones that produce small and precise movements. |
C116708 |
A syndrome of generalized poor muscle tone and muscle weakness presenting in a newborn infant. |
C116715 |
Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke resulting from cerebral venous thrombosis. |
C116718 |
“A genetic disorder that usually presents in early childhood and is characterized by muscle contractions in a foot, leg, or arm that gradually spreads to other body regions.” |
C116719 |
“A genetic disorder in females that presents in early childhood and is responsive to dopamine. It is characterized by clubfeet and Parkinsonian symptoms that may progress from lower to upper extremities witha diurnal pattern, and involuntary muscle contractions and other uncontrolled movements in the lower limbs that worsen with excercise and improve with rest.” |
C116757 |
“Neurological conditions resulting in abnormal voluntary or involuntary movement, which may impact the speed, fluency, quality and ease of movement.” |
C116766 |
Tics that are secondary to an identifiable cause. |
C116767 |
A neurological disorder presenting in childhood that is characterized by motor and/or phonic tics that occur daily or nearly daily for one to twelve months and are not attributed to an identifiable cause. |
C116768 |
“A neurological disorder presenting in childhood that is characterized by either motor or phonic tics, but not both, that occur daily or nearly daily for at least a year and are not attributed to an identifiable cause.” |
C116771 |
“A benign, self-limited eruption of vesicles, pustules and macules seen in newborns. The fluid-filled lesions typically rupture and resolve within 48 hours while the macular lesions may persist for months.” |
C116774 |
“A condition of the newborn characterized by the destruction of red blood cells initiated by the transmission of antibodies from a mother to the child via the placenta against the D antigen, the most common Rhesus factor.” |
C116776 |
An autoimmune disorder which does not meet classification criteria used to establish the presence of other well-defined connective tissue diseases. |
C116778 |
“A group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases associated with arthritis and enthesitis, and often involving the axial skeleton. The most common form of spondyloarthritis is ankylosing spondylitis. Other forms include axial spondyloarthritis, peripheral spondyloarthritis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis/spondylitis and enteropathic arthritis/spondylitis.” |
C116780 |
“A type of localized scleroderma characterized by a long strip of indurated skin, which is typically found unilaterally on an arm or leg, and sometimes on the forehead or trunk. This disorder often affects the tissues beneath the skin, causing damage to bones, muscle or other organs. It can limit movement, alter growth, and disfigure the affected area.” |
C116781 |
“A type of linear scleroderma characterized by a linear, colorless, atrophied band across the forehead or scalp. This disorder can affect the tissues under or near the lesion including brain, bone and eyes.” |
C116782 |
“A type of morphea characterized by four or more plaques found in two or more anatomic locations. The plaques are indurated, generally well-delineated, and may include muscle atrophy in affected areas; there is no visceral involvement.” |
C116783 |
“A benign, self-limited eruption of vesicles, pustules, papules and macules seen in newborns. An eosinophilic infiltrate can be isolated suggesting an immune-mediated reaction in the skin.” |
C116784 |
“A type of morphea in which the lesions are circular or ovoid, and may be superficial or deep. The superficial lesions can have an indurated, waxy, ivory colored center with surrounding erythema or violaceous color during the active stage. Deep lesions can be sclerotic and depressed from underlying atrophy, and may show minimal skin color changes. When there are several (greater than or equal to 4), larger (greater than 3cm) lesions on two or more body areas this is classified as “”general… |
C116785 |
“A rare, aggressive form of morphea characterized by sclerosis of the dermis, fascia, and muscle over large parts of the body, resulting in contractures and immobility.” |
C116786 |
The presence of more than one variant of morphea in a single patient. |
C116787 |
Localized scleroderma presenting before the age of eighteen. |
C116789 |
A condition in which there are visceral manifestations of systemic sclerosis without any cutaneous findings. |
C116791 |
“A variant of systemic scleroderma characterized by sclerosis of the skin, Raynaud phenomenon, and organ involvement, including pulmonary fibrosis, renal disease, and gastrointestinal tract involvement.” |
C116793 |
Infection of an infant from birth to less than seven days of life caused by Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) from a colonized mother. |
C116794 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by a NOD2 gene mutation, usually presenting in children younger than age four, and characterized by granulomatous dermatitis, arthritis with synovitis, and uveitis.” |
C116795 |
Infection of an infant from seven days to three months of life caused by Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae). |
C116796 |
An umbrella term for diseases which have chronic muscle inflammation and weakness of unknown etiology. The types of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are further defined by either clinicopathologic criteria or by the presence of certain autoantibodies. |
C116797 |
A rare form of juvenile dermatomyositis that manifests with characteristic cutaneous findings for at least six months in the absence of any detectable muscle involvement. |
C116798 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosed in individuals under the age of eighteen. Children frequently have multi-organ involvement and acute disease onset. Symptoms include fever, arthritis, skin lesions, anemia, and fatigue.” |
C116799 |
“An infection, characterized by the rash of chickenpox or shingles, that is caused by the varicella-zoster virus transmitted directly from the mother to the fetus or neonate during late pregnancy or childbirth.” |
C116800 |
“A condition, whose clinical manifestations include intrauterine growth restriction, scarring cicatricial lesion of the limbs, abnormalities of the limbs, microcephaly, chorioretinitis, microphthalmia, cataracts, cortical atrophy, seizures, and evidence of damage to the autonomic nervous system, that is caused by fetal exposure to the varicella zoster virus during the first trimester of pregnancy.” |
C116801 |
“An autoimmune, connective tissue disorder in which the patient exhibits features from two or more diseases. These typically include systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjogren syndrome; in pediatrics the respective pediatric entities are encountered.” |
C116802 |
An infectious disorder of newborn infants that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response most commonly caused by bacteria. |
C116803 |
An infectious disorder of newborn infants that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response within 72 hours of life and is most commonly caused by bacteria. |
C116805 |
An infectious disorder of newborn infants that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response beyond 72 hours of life and is most commonly caused by bacteria. |
C116806 |
A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a newborn infant up to 28 days old. |
C116807 |
A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes that is present at birth. |
C116808 |
A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a sterile body compartment. |
C116809 |
A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in two or more non-contiguous sterile body compartments. |
C116810 |
A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in a newborn infant up to 28 days old. |
C116811 |
A fungal infection by any of the Candida species that is present at birth. |
C116812 |
A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in two or more non-contiguous sterile body compartments. |
C116813 |
A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in a sterile body compartment. |
C116814 |
A syndrome of generalized rigidity with muscle spasms and seizures in the neonatal period resulting from Clostridium tetani toxin production. |
C116815 |
Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to chemical or infectious causes. Aseptic conjunctivitis is often related to the use of prophylactic medications for infectious conjunctivitis. Septic conjunctivitis is related to perinatal exposure to microorganisms. |
C116816 |
Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae which was acquired during labor and delivery. |
C116817 |
Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Chlamydia trachomatis which was acquired during labor and delivery. |
C116818 |
Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to chemical irritation which was acquired postnatally from iatrogenic causes. |
C116819 |
Inflammation of the lacrimal sac in a newborn due to blocked drainage of tears or infection. |
C116900 |
A condition characterized by reduced or absent movement of the ipsilateral diaphragm as a consequence of an injury to the phrenic nerve or its origin in cervical roots 3 through 5 sustained during the birthing process. |
C116901 |
A condition characterized by reduced or absent movement of the ipsilateral face as a consequence of an injury to the seventh cranial nerve sustained during the birthing process. |
C116902 |
A condition characterized by reduced or absent movement of the ipsilateral face as a consequence of an injury to the seventh cranial nerve that has occurred after birth. |
C116903 |
A type of cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone. |
C116904 |
A type of spastic cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone of all four extremities. |
C116905 |
A type of spastic cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone of the arm and leg on the same side of the body. |
C116906 |
A type of cerebral palsy characterized by decreased muscle tone. |
C116915 |
“A malignant tumor that originates from myeloid or lymphoid cells i.e., leukemias and lymphomas.” |
C116916 |
“A rare disorder of unknown etiology, which is characterized by slowly progressive, unilateral facial atrophy of the skin, soft tissue, muscles, and underlying bony structures. Neurological, ocular, and oral symptoms are also often seen, including migraines, trigeminal neuralgia, enophthalmos, and dental and gingival abnormalities.” |
C116917 |
“An autoinflammatory syndrome of childhood which often resolves in adolescence, and is characterized by periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis. The fever cycle generally occurs every three to five weeks, and during the interim periods the child appears healthy; diagnosis is exclusionary.” |
C116919 |
“Inflammation that includes the brain, spinal cord and surrounding tissues secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); it is associated with neurological and/or psychiatric features.” |
C116926 |
“A subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome that targets the myelin sheath, and is characterized by progressive weakness, distal paresthesia and autonomic dysfunction.” |
C116927 |
“A subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome that targets sensory motor axons, and is characterized by acute onset of quadriparesis, distal sensory loss, areflexia, and respiratory insufficiency.” |
C116929 |
“A subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome that targets motor axons, and is characterized by symmetric limb weakness, diffuse areflexia, facial and oropharyngeal muscle weakness, and respiratory insufficiency.” |
C116933 |
A developmental brain abnormality characterized by atypical migration of neurons during cortical development. |
C116936 |
A developmental brain abnormality characterized by an excessive amount of small convolutions on the surface of the brain and cognitive dysfunction. |
C116942 |
“Failure to meet, or late achievement of developmental milestones.” |
C116943 |
“Failure to meet, or late achievement of motor development milestones.” |
C116955 |
“Emaciation in the setting of normal linear growth and intellectual development, which is usually associated with neoplasms involving the anterior hypothalamus in infancy or early childhood.” |
C116958 |
“An autoimmune process characterized by the clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia.” |
C116973 |
“Infection caused by bacterial overgrowth in the vagina. Most affected women are asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they include foul-smelling vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, and burning. Risk factors include sexual activity with multiple partners and the use of vaginal douches and intrauterine devices. Up to a third of cases resolve without treatment. Antibiotic treatment is recommended when symptoms are present and for women that are pregnant at the time of infection.” |
C116985 |
Sjogren syndrome without a concomitant systemic autoimmune disorder. |
C116986 |
“Sjogren syndrome that occurs with another systemic autoimmune disorder, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis.” |
C116994 |
“A hypercoaguable state that results from the presence of the immunoglobulin known as Lupus Anticoagulant. The antibody interacts with cell membrane phospholipids, causing increased aggregation and adhesion of platelets, which causes increased clot formation. Though the majority of patients who test positive for lupus anticoagulant do not have lupus, those individuals afflicted with lupus have a higher probability of developing the antibody.” |
C117004 |
A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that occur in the absence of preceding focal neurological symptoms. |
C117005 |
A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that are preceded by focal neurological symptoms. |
C117007 |
A disorder of the nervous system related to a vascular etiology. |
C117009 |
A migraine disorder characterized by individual and family history of aura that includes motor weakness. |
C117011 |
A migraine disorder characterized by an aura that includes motor weakness and the absence of family history. |
C117013 |
A migraine disorder characterized by episodes that are preceded by focal neurological symptoms originating in the brainstem. |
C117015 |
“Episodes of migraine occurring on 15 or more days per month, for more than three months.” |
C117022 |
An episode of migraine that persists for more than 72 hours. |
C117024 |
Migraine associated with an ischemic brain lesion. |
C117074 |
“A headache disorder characterized by episodes of unilateral, short lasting pain and associated ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms.” |
C117077 |
“A headache disorder that is characterized by periodic severe, unilateral orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal pain, and is associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms.” |
C117103 |
Systemic sclerosis that is diagnosed in children. Juvenile systemic sclerosis is more likely to be of the overlap variant and presents with musculoskeletal involvement. |
C117104 |
A manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus with a widespread vesiculobullous eruption. |
C117111 |
“A dermatologic manifestation of lupus involving erythematous, scaly patches or plaques, generally appearing on the upper back, chest, and arms, and often following sun exposure. It most often resolves without scarring.” |
C117112 |
A dermatologic manifestation of lupus involving edematous papules and plaques that are typically found on sun-exposed areas of the body. It most often resolves without scarring or pigmentation changes. |
C117115 |
“A group of genetic disorders that result from the inability to produce or use an enzyme required to oxidize fatty acids, resulting in an inability to generate energy from fatty acid sources.” |
C117117 |
“A genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the gene that encodes the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, resulting in a severe form of phenylketonuria.” |
C117254 |
“An inherited metabolic disorder that affects the metabolism of the spinhgolipids. Representative examples include Gaucher disease, Tay-Sachs disease, and Niemann-Pick disease.” |
C117273 |
“A rare, genetic disorder in which symptoms are generally secondary to the abnormal location of the organs within the thoracic, abdominal, or peritoneal cavities. Anatomic and functional problems can include cardiac defects, intestinal malrotation leading to volvulus, biliary atresia, and various defects of the central nervous system, urinary tract, and skeleton.” |
C117287 |
“Episodes of abrupt awakening associated with screaming, agitation and hyperarousal.” |
C117295 |
“A form of vasculitis that involves small to medium size arteries of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The disorder manifests with tender subcutaneous nodules, livedo reticularis, cutaneous ulcers and necrosis; while internal organ involvement is typically spared, extra-cutaneous symptoms may be present.” |
C117296 |
A rare form of myositis that affects only the orbital muscles. |
C117297 |
“Chronic, diffuse, non-inflammatory musculoskeletal pain disorder associated with fatigue and sleep disturbance that can occur in childhood and adolescence. Tender points are not necessary to make the diagnosis, but if present may be less numerous than found in adults.” |
C117307 |
A group of genetically-determined conditions characterized by a wide spectrum of seizure types occurring in otherwise healthy newborn infants that start during the first week of life and spontaneously disappear between the first and twelfth months of life. |
C117308 |
A condition characterized as a temporary autoimmune neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue in a newborn infant. |
C117320 |
“A focus of necrotic placental parenchyma with clearly visible outlines of necrotic villous structures and absence of any hyalinization and fibrosis, which is frequently 1-2 days of duration.” |
C117321 |
“A focus of necrotic placental parenchyma with moderate hyalinization and fibrosis with partial absence of the necrotic chorionic villi, which is frequently 3-5 days of duration.” |
C117322 |
“A focus of necrotic placental parenchyma with marked hyalinization and fibrosis with complete absence of the necrotic chorionic villi, which is frequently more than 7 days of duration.” |
C117323 |
A ring of karyorrhectic debris that may exhibit dystrophic mineralization and/or identifiable fetal neutrophil infiltrate in Wharton’s jelly that is oriented towards the amniotic surface. The cord has a denser ring externally and a fainter ring centrally. |
C117324 |
A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels in the chorionic plate and oriented towards the amniotic cavity. |
C117325 |
A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels of the umbilical cord into the umbilical vessel wall and oriented towards the amniotic cavity. |
C117984 |
“An infectious disorder that occurs during infancy, childhood, or adolescence.” |
C118172 |
Urination during sleep. |
C118188 |
Eating during sleep. |
C118189 |
Excessive sexual behavior. |
C118190 |
A condition in which the failure to establish healthy bonds with caregivers in early childhood leads to lifelong impairment of social interactions. |
C118200 |
Reversion to an earlier stage of development. |
C118233 |
A blistering disorder characterized by linear deposition of IgA at the dermoepidermal junction. |
C118240 |
Fevers of unknown etiology recurring over months or years. |
C118297 |
Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a bacterial infection. |
C118298 |
Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a viral infection. |
C118299 |
Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord without a bacterial pathogen. |
C118306 |
Any abnormality in the growth or formation of one or more teeth. |
C118308 |
A pathologic communication between the skin and the dural space that is located 5-25 mm from the anal verge. |
C118310 |
“Failure to thrive due to poor intake by the infant, inadequate feeding schedule or insufficient maternal production of breast milk.” |
C118312 |
“Aspiration of meconium, blood, amniotic fluid or gastric contents around the time of delivery resulting in clinical symptoms from airway obstruction, parenchymal injury, and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. This may lead to persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn.” |
C118313 |
The protrusion of abdominal cavity contents through the anterior abdominal wall. |
C118317 |
“A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscles.” |
C118318 |
A clinical syndrome resulting from direct or indirect muscle injury and subsequent release of myoglobin into the plasma. |
C118370 |
“A condition characterized by the presence of a growing mature teratoma in a patient during or after chemotherapy for a non-seminomatous germ cell tumor, with normal serum markers for human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein. Complete surgical resection is the preferred treatment.” |
C118374 |
Protrusion of abdominal cavity contents or pre-peritoneal fat through the abdominal wall between the umbilicus and the xiphoid process. |
C118375 |
Protrusion of the abdominal cavity contents through the abdominal wall at the umbilicus. |
C118420 |
“A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the ears, nose, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, or throat.” |
C118421 |
A plasmacytoma characterized by the presence of malignant plasma cells with anaplastic features. |
C118422 |
“Elevated pressure in a confined space enclosed by fascia or eschar, which may lead to vascular compromise and subsequent ischemic injury to the tissue within the space.” |
C118423 |
“A self-limited inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology found in infants that causes swelling of the soft tissue, changes to bone, and irritability.” |
C118434 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant syndrome caused by mutations in the GNAS gene. It is characterized by the presence of short stature, obesity, round face, brachydactyly, subcutaneous ossifications, and pseudohypoparathtyroidism.” |
C118435 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by heterozygous mutation in the DSRAD gene. Most cases have been reported from countries in East Asia. It is characterized by the presence of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the dorsal aspect of the extremities and face.” |
C118436 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the FRAS1, FREM2, or GRIP1 genes. It is characterized by the presence of cryptophthalmos, cutaneous syndactyly, and genitourinary abnormalities.” |
C118437 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder caused by mutation in the PFKM gene. It results in the deficiency of the M subunit of the phosphofructokinase enzyme. It is characterized by the presence of muscle pain and weakness and sometimes rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, following exercise. Affected infants develop muscle weakness. Patients with the hemolytic form of this disorder develop hemolytic anemia without signs or symptoms of muscle pain and weakness.” |
C118438 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutation in the CA2 gene. It is characterized by osteopetrosis, renal tubular acidosis, and cerebral calcifications. It results in growth failure, mental retardation, and fractures.” |
C118455 |
A disorder characterized by the malformation of the legs into a single lower limb. |
C118456 |
A condition in which a hair or thread becomes wrapped around a digit obstructing blood flow. |
C118459 |
Absence of one or both mammary glands. |
C118460 |
A growth disorder of the tibia in children and adolescents that presents as progressive bowing of one or both legs. |
C118475 |
Acute inflammation of one or more joints caused by the presence of pus within the joint cavity. |
C118508 |
“A syndrome in preterm neonates exposed to benzyl alcohol preservative in intravascular solutions that is characterized by unremitting gasping respirations and may include anion gap metabolic acidosis, neurologic deterioration, renal failure, convulsions, intraventricular hemorrhage, and cardiovascular collapse.” |
C118509 |
“Cardiorespiratory events that are characterized by variable combinations of cessation of breathing, decrease in blood oxygen saturation, and decreased heart rate.” |
C118630 |
A rare carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts and is composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells. |
C118631 |
“A rare, X-linked recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the ATRX gene. It is characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delays, hypotonia, widely spaced eyes, small nose, low-set ears, tented upper lip, skeletal abnormalities, and a mild form of alpha thalassemia.” |
C118632 |
“An autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in at least fourteen different genes, called BBS genes. It is characterized by loss of vision, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, polydactyly, intellectual disability, genital organs abnormalities, and delayed development of motor skills.” |
C118633 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene. It is characterized by inability to feel pain and temperature that leads to repeated unintentional self-injuries, and decreased or absent sweating that leads to hyperpyrexia and febrile seizures.” |
C118634 |
“A rare, X-linked recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the NDP gene. It is characterized by developmental retinal abnormalities that result in blindness in male infants at birth or soon after birth. Additional manifestations include progressive hearing loss and developmental motor skills delays.” |
C118635 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the COMP gene. It is characterized by short stature, short arms and legs, waddling walk, osteoarthritis, and limited range of motion at the elbows and hips.” |
C118636 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene. It is characterized by hard and thickened skin, usually over the entire body, and limited joint motility.” |
C118675 |
A constellation of disorders whose common thread is the insufficient quantity of one or more mitochondrial enzymes. |
C118696 |
“A constellation of disorders involving mutations of the FGFR3 gene, which result in abnormal growth of bone and cartilage; this includes achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia.” |
C118697 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder that is often caused by a defect in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, and characterized by short stature, micromelia, and a comparatively large head. The features are milder than those seen in achondroplasia.” |
C118707 |
Visual impairment due to visual cortex dysfunction. |
C118711 |
Disorder of the optic nerve. |
C118712 |
Non-heritable difficulty in distinguishing colors. |
C118713 |
Genetic based difficulty in distinguishing colors. |
C118722 |
An infection of one or more of the glands surrounding the eye. |
C118749 |
Inflammation of the cornea secondary to an infectious process. |
C118750 |
Injury to the cornea secondary to ultraviolet light. |
C118754 |
The protrusion of uveal tissue through an opening in the sclera. |
C118755 |
Retinal detachment secondary to retinal tear or break. |
C118756 |
Retinal detachment secondary to fluid accumulation under the neurosensory retina without a retinal tear or break. |
C118759 |
Retinal detachment secondary to vasoproliferative changes in the retina and/or vitreous. |
C118764 |
Decreased vision that results from abnormal visual development. |
C118765 |
“The deposition of calcium on the cornea, resulting in pain and decreased visual acuity.” |
C118780 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the TOR1A gene. It usually begins in childhood or adolescence and is characterized by involuntary muscle contractions in the arms, legs, trunk, and neck.” |
C118781 |
An X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene. Primarily it affects males. Female carriers are usually asymptomatic. It is characterized by skeletal muscle weakness and hypotonia. The muscle weakness ranges from mild to severe. Newborns with severe X-linked centronuclear myopathy develop respiratory distress which may lead to respiratory failure requiring constant ventilator assistance. Patients with mild X-linked centronuclear myopathy usually require ventila… |
C118782 |
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease caused by mutations in the MPZ gene (mapped to chromosome 1q23.3). It results in sensorineural peripheral neuropathy. |
C118783 |
“An autosomal recessive inherited congenital muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene. It is characterized by severe hypotonia, muscle weakness, elevated levels of serum creatinine kinase, and white matter abnormalities.” |
C118784 |
An autosomal recessive inherited myopathy caused by mutations in the NEB gene. It is characterized by generalized hypotonia and skeletal muscle weakness. |
C118785 |
“An X-linked inherited disorder caused by mutations in the GPR143 gene. It is characterized by reduced visual acuity and reduced stereoscopic vision. Other abnormalities include nystagmus, strabismus, and photophobia.” |
C118786 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the IRF6 gene. It is characterized by the presence of cleft palate, cleft lip, pits in the lower lip, web behind the knee (popliteal pterygium), syndactyly, cryptorchidism, scrotal malformation, and hypoplasia of the labia majora.” |
C118787 |
“A rare, X-linked inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the GPC3 and GPC4 genes. It is characterized by pre-and postnatal overgrowth, coarse facial features, macrocephaly, macroglossia, congenital heart defects, and intellectual disability.” |
C118788 |
“A rare genetic disorder characterized by macular degeneration in the retina resulting in progressive loss of central vision with retention of the peripheral vision. It may be of early onset, autosomal dominant inherited and caused by mutations in the BEST1 gene (BEST disease) or late onset, caused by mutations in the PRPH2 gene.” |
C118808 |
A rare colorectal carcinoma that occurs during childhood. |
C118809 |
A rare breast carcinoma that occurs during childhood. |
C118810 |
A neuroendocrine tumor grade 1 that occurs during childhood. |
C118811 |
A rare carcinoma of the larynx that occurs during childhood. |
C118812 |
A rare carcinoma of the esophagus that occurs during childhood. |
C118813 |
A rare carcinoma of the stomach that occurs during childhood. |
C118814 |
A rare non-small cell carcinoma of the lung that occurs during childhood. |
C118815 |
A rare small cell carcinoma of the lung that occurs during childhood. |
C118816 |
A rare carcinoma of the bladder that occurs during childhood. |
C118817 |
A rare carcinoma of the nasal cavity that occurs during childhood. |
C118818 |
A rare carcinoma of the paranasal sinus that occurs during childhood. |
C118819 |
A rare carcinoma of the parathyroid gland that occurs during childhood. |
C118820 |
A carcinoma of the penis that occurs during adulthood. |
C118821 |
A rare malignant neoplasm of the penis that occurs during childhood. |
C118822 |
A rare pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland that occurs during childhood. |
C118823 |
A rare carcinoma of the rectum that occurs during childhood. |
C118824 |
A rare carcinoma of the salivary gland that occurs during childhood. |
C118825 |
A carcinoma of the salivary gland that occurs during adulthood. |
C118826 |
A rare malignant small intestinal neoplasm that occurs during childhood. |
C118827 |
A rare carcinoma of the thyroid gland that occurs during childhood. |
C118828 |
A melanoma that arises from the structures of the orbit. |
C118829 |
A papillary or follicular thyroid gland carcinoma with a genetic component that develops within the same family. Current studies suggest that it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is often multifocal and bilateral and usually affects younger patients. |
C118843 |
“A rare, X-linked recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the SLC16A2 (MCT8) gene. It affects exclusively males and is characterized by mental retardation, limited mobility, muscle hypoplasia, hypotonia, contractures, and spasticity.” |
C118844 |
“A rare disorder caused by mutations either in the IKBKG gene resulting in an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern or in the NFKBIA gene resulting in an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. It is characterized by abnormal development of ectodermal tissues including the skin, hair, teeth, and sweat glands and immune system deficiency. It results in dry and wrinkled skin, sparse scalp and body hair, missing teeth, and reduced ability to sweat. Patients have abnormally low levels of antibo… |
C118845 |
“A rare, X-linked dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the FLNA gene. It is characterized by hearing loss caused by malformations in the ossicles, cleft palate, wide-set eyes, prominent brow ridges, small and flat nose, and skeletal abnormalities in the fingers and toes. Males usually experience more severe symptoms than females.” |
C118846 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited skeletal muscle disorder caused by mutation in the dysferlin gene. It affects young adults and is characterized by weakness and atrophy in the muscles of the upper and lower limbs.” |
C118847 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. It is characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brain stem. It is manifested with hypotonia and muscle weakness, usually in late childhood or adolescence. Affected individuals can stand and walk but walking and climbing stairs becomes progressively difficult.” |
C118859 |
Blockage of the central retinal vein. |
C118860 |
Violation of Tenon’s capsule with prolapse of orbital fat into the sub-Tenon’s space. |
C118862 |
Corneal thinning just anterior to the limbus secondary to abnormal and/or irregular bulbar conjunctival contour. |
C118864 |
Displacement of the crystalline lens from the visual axis. |
C118865 |
Displacement of the intraocular lens from the visual axis. |
C118866 |
Abnormal superior displacement of resting upper lid margin or abnormal inferior displacement of resting lower lid margin. |
C118867 |
Weakness of extraocular muscle function as a result of inadequate securing of the muscle to the sclera during strabismus surgery. |
C119011 |
The presence of solitary or multiple stones in the intrahepatic bile ducts. |
C119021 |
An arthritis affecting fewer than five separate joints. |
C119022 |
“Early stages of inflammatory arthritis, when the underlying diagnosis is uncertain, usually little or no joint damage has occurred. Treatment may alter the disease course (e.g., potentially avert progression to full RA or other diagnosis).” |
C119023 |
“An inflammation of one or more joints, without loss of articular cartilage or destruction of subchondral bone.” |
C119024 |
“A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated with arthritis and enthesitis, which may involve the axial skeleton. It is a form of juvenile spondyloarthritis.” |
C119025 |
“The occurrence of arthritis after infection with group A streptococcus. It is non-migratory, protracted in course, and poorly responsive to anti-inflammatory agents. (from Textbook of Pediatric Rheumatology, 6th ed. Cassidy, Petty, Laxer, and Lindsley)” |
C119026 |
“Joint inflammation, most often affecting large joints, associated with Lyme disease, presenting months after infection.” |
C119031 |
“A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis and high fevers, and accompanied by at least 2 of the following systemic features: lymphadenopathy, organomegaly, rash, or serositis. Macrophage activation syndrome is a well known complication.” |
C119032 |
A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis affecting between one and four separate joints during the first six months of disease. |
C119033 |
“A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis affecting five or more separate joints during the first six months of disease, with negative serologic testing for rheumatoid factor.” |
C119034 |
“A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis affecting five or more separate joints during the first six months of disease, with positive serologic testing for rheumatoid factor.” |
C119035 |
A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis that does not fulfill any single category or has criteria for more than one category. |
C119036 |
“An early stage of Lyme disease that may present within 3-30 days after a tick bite with a red, concentrically-expanding rash (erythema migrans), fatigue, chills, fever, headache, muscle and joint aches, and swollen lymph nodes.” |
C119037 |
“An early stage of Lyme disease that may present days to weeks after a tick bite with relapsing signs of a red, concentrically-expanding rash (erythema migrans), facial palsy, meningismus, neuralgia, heart palpitations, and dizziness.” |
C119038 |
“A late stage of Lyme disease that may present in untreated patients months to years after a tick bite manifested with intermittent bouts of arthralgia, arthritis and neurologic complaints.” |
C119039 |
A constellation of symptoms lasting months to years reported by some Lyme disease patients who had undergone previous antibiotic therapy. |
C119040 |
Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis that never involves more than four separate joints after six months. |
C119041 |
Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis that eventually involves more than four separate joints. |
C119042 |
An autoinflammatory disease characterized by sterile bone lesions which are multifocal and/or recurrent. |
C119043 |
An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the NLRP12 gene. It is characterized by periodic fevers beginning in the first year of life that are triggered by cold exposure. Episodes occur more than once per month. |
C119044 |
“A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis with a personal or family history of psoriasis, and features such as dactylitis and nail dystrophy.” |
C119045 |
Recent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (usually within one to two years of onset) during which treatment may be more effective and possibly improve the disease course. |
C119046 |
Inflammation of the sclera. |
C119048 |
“A condition in which the nerves register normal stimuli (lack of tissue injury) as pain, resulting in feelings of intense pain with even minor sensory input.” |
C119049 |
“A syndrome characterized by synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and non-infectious osteomyelitis. Includes a spectrum of aseptic neutrophilic dermatoses associated with aseptic osteoarticular lesions.” |
C119050 |
A group of disorders of the innate immune system characterized by attacks of seemingly unprovoked inflammation without significant levels of either autoantibodies or autoreactive T cells more characteristic of autoimmune disease. |
C119051 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene coding for tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). This results in attacks of fever, rash, peritoneal, pleural, or pericardial serositis and/or synovial inflammation along with increased acute phase reactants. Complications may include amyloidosis.” |
C119053 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the NLRP3 gene which encodes cryopyrin. It is characterized by short episodes of fever, rash, and arthralgia after exposure to cold or rapid decrease in temperature.” |
C119054 |
An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the NLRP3 gene which encodes cryopyrin. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of urticaria and fever which develop in infancy. It may lead to sensorineural hearing loss and/or amyloidosis. |
C119055 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the PSTPIP1 gene. It is characterized by episodes of destructive arthritis, ulcerative skin lesions and cystic acne.” |
C119056 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the IL1RN gene, which encodes the IL1 receptor antagonist. It presents in infancy, and is characterized by systemic inflammation, pustular rash, bone pain, sterile osteitis, and periostitis.” |
C119057 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the IL36RN gene, which encodes the IL36 receptor antagonist. It is characterized by periodic fevers and psoriasiform rash.” |
C119058 |
“An autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations in the LPIN2 gene. It is characterized by early-onset chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, congenital dyserythropoietic anemia and inflammatory dermatosis.” |
C119676 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutation in the HSD17B4 gene. It is characterized by neurodegeneration that begins in infancy, hypotonia, and seizures. The majority of the affected individuals lack developmental skills.” |
C119677 |
“A rare disorder caused by mutation in the AMACR gene. It is characterized by neurological abnormalities that appear in adulthood and include cognitive decline, seizures, and sensorimotor neuropathy.” |
C119678 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutation in the TYMP gene. It affects several parts of the body, particularly the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system. Signs and symptoms can appear in infancy, but they often begin by age twenty. The gastrointestinal signs and symptoms result from gastrointestinal dysmotility and include fullness after eating small amounts of food, dysphagia, nausea and vomiting after eating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and intestinal blockage. T… |
C119734 |
“A disorder affecting the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs.” |
C119751 |
Injury to the central nervous system in the newborn period that occurs when there is insufficient delivery of oxygen to all or part of the brain. |
C119756 |
“A chronic lung disorder associated with pulmonary maldevelopment, scarring, and/or inflammation that develops in preterm neonates exposed to supplemental oxygen for at least 28 days. For infants born before 32 weeks gestation with mild BPD, there is no supplemental oxygen requirement at 36 weeks postmenstrual age or earlier discharge. For infants born after 32 weeks with mild BPD, there is no supplemental oxygen requirement at 56 days post-natal age or at earlier discharge.” |
C119757 |
“A chronic lung disorder associated with pulmonary maldevelopment, scarring, and/or inflammation that develops in preterm neonates exposed to supplemental oxygen for at least 28 days. For infants born before 32 weeks gestation with moderate BPD, there is a supplemental oxygen requirement of less than 30% at 36 weeks postmenstrual age or earlier discharge. For infants born after 32 weeks with moderate BPD, there is a supplemental oxygen requirement of less than 30% at 56 days post-natal age o… |
C119758 |
“Abnormal functioning of the central nervous system in the newborn period that may be due to a variety of etiologies including hypoxia/ischemia, metabolic disturbance, or infection.” |
C119989 |
“Sudden onset of anterior uveitis, usually unilateral, and associated with pain, erythema, photophobia, and blurred vision. Often associated with HLA-B27, with or without co-existing spondyloarthritis.” |
C119990 |
“Lack of production of functional C1q proteins, due to a genetic defect. Virtually 100% of patients with a C1q deficiency will develop a severe systemic lupus erythematosus at an early age. Patients also present with frequent sinopulmonary infections often with Streptococcus pneumoniae.” |
C119991 |
“Lack of production of either functional C1r or C1s protein, due to a genetic defect. Approximately 60% of patients with a C1r/C1s deficiency will develop a severe systemic lupus erythematosus at an early age. Patients also present with frequent sinopulmonary infections often with Streptococcus pneumoniae.” |
C119992 |
“Lack of production of functional C2 protein, due to a genetic defect. It is the most common genetic complement deficiency. Ten percent of C2 deficient patient will develop systemic lupus erythematosus at an early age. Patients also present with frequent sinopulmonary infections often with Streptococcus pneumoniae.” |
C119993 |
“Lack of production of functional C4 protein, due to a genetic defect requiring homozygous loss of both the C4A and C4B genetic paralogs. Approximately 75% of patients with a C4 deficiency will develop a severe systemic lupus erythematosus at an early age. Patients also present with frequent sinopulmonary infections often with Streptococcus pneumoniae.” |
C119996 |
The finding of one or more vertebral compression (crush) fractures in the absence of local disease or high-energy trauma or the presence of both a clinically significant fracture history and BMD Z-score less than or equal to -2.0. A clinically significant fracture history is one or more of the following: 1) two or more long bone fractures by age ten years; 2) three or more long bone fractures at any age up to age nineteen years. (from 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry defin… |
C119999 |
“The onset of acute renal failure, normally coupled with marked hypertension in a patient with scleroderma.” |
C120046 |
“A rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TPM3, ACTA1, RYR1 and SEPN1 genes. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern and rarely in an X-linked pattern. It manifests with myopathy throughout the body, particularly in the muscles of the shoulders, upper arms, hips, and thighs. Affected individuals may have contractures, lordosis, or scoliosis. In a minority of cases mild to severe breathing problems may occur.” |
C120069 |
“A condition affecting premature infants characterized by white matter injury, which is frequently accompanied by neuronal/axonal disease, that may affect all brain parenchymal structures and is due to a combination of destructive processes as well as maturational and trophic disturbances.” |
C120083 |
“An inherited syndrome characterized by the development of several cancers, particularly colon and rectal cancers. It includes Lynch syndrome which is associated with germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes and familial colorectal cancer type X which is characterized by the absence of germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes.” |
C120084 |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome characterized by the absence of germline mutations in DNA mismatch-repair genes. |
C120113 |
A rare genetic deficiency characterized by mutations in the SHOX gene and reduced expression or function of the SHOX protein. It results in the disruption of normal bone development and growth starting before birth. It manifests with skeletal abnormalities and short stature. |
C120145 |
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism not associated with a deficiency of other pituitary hormones. |
C120148 |
Gynecomastia that occurs during puberty and is not due to exogenous substances or disease processes. |
C120161 |
“Ovarian or testicular dysfunction associated with high levels of gonadotropins, that is present at birth.” |
C120162 |
Insufficient production of estrogen or testosterone in the ovaries or testes due to decreased secretion of gonadotropins as a result of pituitary or hypothalamus gland dysfunction that is present at birth. |
C120163 |
Gynecomastia that is due to exogenous substances or disease processes. |
C120164 |
“Occurrence of the first menstrual period in a girl before the lower limit of the normal age range for the reference population, without other signs of puberty.” |
C120169 |
“A form of interstitial lung disease characterized by increased numbers of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, typically presenting in the first year of life with persistent tachypnea, retractions, crackles and hypoxemia that has a highly specific chest CT pattern that includes ground-glass opacities and air-trapping.” |
C120186 |
A malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C120187 |
The development of secondary sexual characteristics contrary to pre-pubertal phenotype (feminization in boys; virilization in girls). |
C120188 |
The presence of Mullerian duct-derived structures in a phenotypically male individual. |
C120189 |
Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome due to deficiency of anti-Mullerian hormone. |
C120190 |
“Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome due to resistance to anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), resulting from mutations in the AMH receptor (AMHR) gene.” |
C120191 |
“A genetic disorder associate with a mutation in the AR gene, resulting in the complete resistance to androgenic hormones.” |
C120192 |
“A genetic disorder associated with a mutation in the AR gene, resulting in partial resistance to androgenic hormones.” |
C120194 |
“Conditions in 46,XY individuals in which androgens are produced in typical amounts, but tissue response to androgens is reduced.” |
C120195 |
Abnormally high or low anti-Müllerian hormone levels. |
C120196 |
A defect in the Anti-Muellerian hormone receptor. |
C120197 |
“Gonadal dysgenesis in an individual with 46,XX karyotype and female phenotype.” |
C120198 |
Gonadal dysgenesis in an individual with 46.XY karyotype. |
C120199 |
“A congenital condition characterized by asymmetrical gonadal development in an individual with mosaic karyotype 45,X/46,XY. 45,X/46,XY mosaic is the most common form of mixed gonadal dysgenesis.” |
C120202 |
“An autosomal recessive condition that results in aromatase deficiency in the placenta, causing temporary virilization of the pregnant woman and virilization of her 46,XX fetus.” |
C120203 |
“Decreased activity of the steroidogenic enzyme, 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, associated with mutation(s) in the HSD17B3 gene, leading to reduced testosterone production.” |
C120205 |
A variant of campomelic dysplasia characterized by the absence of skeletal dysplasia. |
C120224 |
“An undifferentiated, high grade small round cell sarcoma affecting predominantly young adults. It is characterized by a recurrent translocation involving the CIC gene on chromosome 19 and either DUX4 gene on chromosome 4 or DUX4L gene on chromosome 10. The translocation results in either CIC-DUX4, t(4;19)(q35;q13) or CIC-DUX4L, t(10;19)(q26;q13) fusions.” |
C120369 |
“Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the cause of which is not present from birth.” |
C120370 |
Reduced or absent function of the receptor for follicle stimulating hormone associated with a mutation in the FSHR gene. |
C120375 |
“An enzyme deficiency in the androgen biosynthesis pathway, resulting in the underproduction of one or more androgens by the adrenal glands and/or gonads.” |
C120376 |
“Deficiency of the glycoprotein WNT4, associated with loss of function mutation(s) in the WNT4 gene. The condition in 46,XX individuals is characterized by mild hyperandrogenism, absence of underdevelopment of the uterus, and sometimes absence of underdevelopment of the vagina.” |
C120408 |
“A microdeletion at 16p11.2, characterized by a predisposition to obesity, developmental delay and autism spectrum disorders.” |
C120409 |
“A cause of obesity that results from inheritance of two copies of chromosome 14 from the mother, and no copy of chromosome 14 from the father.” |
C120442 |
“Central hypothyroidism, the cause of which is not present at birth.” |
C120454 |
A malignant neoplasm that affects the area of the nipple in males. |
C120455 |
A malignant neoplasm that affects the area of the nipple in females. |
C120456 |
A malignant neoplasm that affects the renal parenchyma but not the renal pelvis. |
C120673 |
“A congenital anomaly of the spine, where an extra or supernumerary lumbar vertebra arises from below the 5th lumbar vertebra.” |
C120861 |
“Any disease or disorder of a gland, characterized by abnormal development or enlargement of the gland.” |
C120864 |
A congenital abnormality resulting in the absence of an anatomical structure. |
C120887 |
Chronic degenerative changes in the glomeruli characterized by loss of cellularity of glomerular capillary tufts and acellular deposition of immunoglobulins. |
C120888 |
A hardening of the kidney glomerulus caused by scarring of the blood vessels. |
C120902 |
Renal damage and impaired renal function secondary to urinary tract obstruction. |
C120905 |
Chronic kidney damage due to vesicoureteral reflux. |
C121131 |
An infiltrating lipoma that affects skeletal muscle. It has a higher rate of local recurrence. |
C121148 |
“An inflammatory or infectious process in the pituitary gland characterized by a circumscribed, walled collection of purulent material.” |
C121150 |
“A syndrome characterized by hypoplastic or aplastic anterior pituitary gland, a very thin or interrupted pituitary stalk, and ectopic or absent posterior pituitary gland, which may be associated with mutation(s) in the HESX1 or LHX4 genes.” |
C121151 |
Atypically located posterior pituitary gland that may be associated with anterior or posterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. |
C121152 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). |
C121153 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that produces luteinizing hormone (LH). |
C121154 |
“A rapidly growing, poorly circumscribed, mass-forming proliferation that arises from the skeletal muscle. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts, round ganglion-like cells, myxoid to collagenous stroma formation, and high mitotic activity. It recurs only rarely following local excision and does not metastasize.” |
C121156 |
“A form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by shortening of the bones of the middle segments of the limbs (i.e., the radii, ulnae, tibiae and fibulae).” |
C121181 |
“A benign mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle shaped myofibroblasts and mast cells in a collagenous stroma. It is histologically identical to the myofibroblastoma of breast. It usually arises from the subcutaneous tissue and the most common sites of involvement are the inguinal/groin, paratesticular, and vulvovaginal areas.” |
C121184 |
“Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to infections, autoimmune disorders, or underlying malignancies. Signs and symptoms include fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia.” |
C121198 |
“Nephrotic syndrome within the first three motnhs of life, characterized initially by increased mesangial matrix, with or without hypertrophy and hyperplasia of podocytes, and eventual glomerular sclerosis.” |
C121200 |
“Nephrotic syndrome within the first three months of life, characterized by scarring of the glomerulus, in which only part of the glomerulus is involved, and less than 50% of the glomeruli are affected.” |
C121207 |
An infectious process characterized by the accumulation of pus within the uterus. |
C121209 |
Condition comprising congenital nephrotic syndrome with associated WT1 gene mutation with either intersex disorder or Wilms tumor. |
C121210 |
IgA nephropathy secondary to hepatobiliary disease. |
C121500 |
A fibrohistiocytic neoplasm that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. |
C121562 |
An acute episode of worsening pulmonary symptoms related to cystic fibrosis. |
C121563 |
“A disorder caused by the inability to digest and use lysine, arginine, and ornithine. Lysinuric protein intolerance is caused by mutations in the SLC7A7 gene. y+L amino acid transporter 1, the product of the SLC7A7 gene, is involved in transporting lysine, arginine, and ornithine between cells in the body.” |
C121564 |
An inherited condition caused by mutations in the APRT gene that affects the kidneys and urinary tract. The most common feature of this condition is recurrent kidney stones. |
C121565 |
“A rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with abnormalities in bone maturation, and lipids and hormone metabolism and characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, failure to thrive, short stature, a progeroid appearance, hypotonia, variable mental impairment, and death in childhood. Its cause is unknown.” |
C121571 |
A rare leiomyosarcoma that arises from the deep soft tissue in the retroperitoneum or abdominal cavity. |
C121572 |
“A neurologic condition characterized by burning pain, tenderness, swelling, and changes in the skin color and temperature of a body part or extremity associated with demonstrable nerve injury. This form is less frequent in pediatric patients.” |
C121583 |
A leiomyosarcoma arising from an anatomic site other than skin. |
C121604 |
Inflammation associated with the use of a catheter. |
C121618 |
“A term that refers to germinoma, seminoma, or dysgerminoma.” |
C121619 |
“A term that refers to teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or mixed forms of these tumors.” |
C121629 |
Any condition characterized by an inability to regulate body temperature. |
C121650 |
Circumscribed morphea in which the lesions are restricted to the skin and the immediately underlying subcutaneous tissues. |
C121651 |
“Circumscribed morphea in which the lesions are found in the deep dermis, panniculus, fascia, or superficial muscle.” |
C121654 |
An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma with spindle cell or sclerosing morphology. It affects both children and adults and it is more common in males. |
C121655 |
An uncommon variant of rhabdomyosarcoma with sclerosing morphology. It usually arises from the limbs. |
C121656 |
“A rare syndrome characterized by telangiectasias, elevated erythropoietin level and erythrocytosis, monoclonal gammopathy, perinephric fluid collections, and intrapulmonary shunting. It is best classified as a type of plasma cell dyscrasia with paraneoplastic manifestations.” |
C121668 |
“An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm that more frequently affects young adult males and usually arises in the lower limbs. In approximately half of the affected patients the tumor is painful and in two-thirds of the patients the tumor is multifocal. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of sheets and fascicles of spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei. Cytologic atypia is usually mild. Approximately 60% of the patient… |
C121669 |
“Abnormal eating behaviors, including binge eating, compulsive eating, emotional eating, night eating, and self-induced vomiting, though not at a level that rises to the diagnosis of eating disorder.” |
C121671 |
“An angiosarcoma that arises from the soft tissues, usually in the deep muscles of the lower extremities, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, and mesentery.” |
C121675 |
A form of skeletal dysplasia characterized by shortening of the bones of the proximal segments of the limbs (i.e. the humeri and femora). |
C121677 |
“A common, usually encapsulated benign nerve sheath tumor composed of well-differentiated Schwann cells.” |
C121678 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/microadenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C121679 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/microadenoma associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C121680 |
A benign neoplasm with nerve sheath features that arises from the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It manifests as an asymptomatic nodule and most often arises from the extremities. It is composed of spindle and epithelioid cells in a myxoid stroma. |
C121681 |
“A benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of Schwann cells, axons, and perineurial fibroblasts. It usually arises from the skin of the head and neck or the oral mucosa. It presents as a solitary and painless nodular mass.” |
C121682 |
A hamartoma characterized by the presence of collections of non-neoplastic arachnoidal cells. |
C121686 |
“A benign nerve sheath tumor characterized by the combination of histologic features seen in schwannomas, neurofibromas, and perineuriomas.” |
C121687 |
A very rare intraneural mass in a large nerve characterized by the interposition of mature skeletal muscle fibers and nerve fibers. |
C121713 |
“A benign fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from acral sites, usually the periungual area of the digits. It is characterized by the proliferation of spindled and stellate-shaped fibroblasts in the dermis in a myxoid or collagenous stroma. Nuclear atypia is usually minimal. It usually presents as a solitary and slow-growing dome-shaped mass on a digit. The recurrence rate is low.” |
C121719 |
“An autoimmune condition affecting the posterior pituitary gland, which is characterized by lymphocytic infiltration, and which often presents as diabetes insipidus.” |
C121720 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/macroadenoma associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C121721 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/macroadenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C121727 |
Hypothyroidism characterized by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with normal circulating concentrations of thyroid hormones. |
C121738 |
A soft tissue neoplasm of uncertain differentiation which is locally aggressive but rarely metastasizes. |
C121741 |
“Hypothyroidism due to dysfunction of the hypothalamus, assumed to result in reduced secretion of thyrotropin- releasing hormone.” |
C121743 |
“Hypothyroidism due to dysfunction of the pituitary gland, which results in inadequate secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin).” |
C121745 |
A condition associated with reduced export of iodide across the apical membrane of the follicular cells of the thyroid gland that may progress to hypothyroidism. Pendred syndrome is associated with an increased risk of goiter and sensorineural hearing loss due to malformations of the inner ear (vestibular system). Inactivating mutations in the SLC26A4 gene encoding the pendrin transport protein are responsible for the condition. |
C121747 |
A condition associated with reduced active import of iodide across the basolateral membrane of the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Inactivating mutations in the SLC5A5 gene encoding the sodium-iodide symporter are responsible for the condition. |
C121748 |
“Thyroid peroxidase system defect due to presumed mutation(s) in the DUOX2 gene, resulting in decreased activity of dual oxidase 2.” |
C121749 |
“Subnormal production of thyroglobulin, the glycoprotein precursor of thyroid hormones, presumed to result from loss-of-function mutation(s) in the TG gene.” |
C121750 |
“Thyroid peroxidase system defect due to presumed mutation(s) in the TPO gene, resulting in decreased activity of thyroid peroxidase.” |
C121751 |
A defect in any step of the biochemical pathway leading to production of thyroid hormones. |
C121752 |
“A non-encapsulated, slow-growing, locally aggressive subcutaneous tumor characterized by the presence of adipocytes, hemosiderin-laden spindle cells, hemosiderin-laden macrophages, osteoclast-like giant cells, and scattered chronic inflammatory cells. It usually arises from the dorsum of the foot, ankle, dorsum of the hand, thigh, calf, or cheek. It may recur if it is not completely excised but does not metastasize.” |
C121774 |
An ossifying fibromyxoid tumor characterized by the presence of high grade nuclear features or increased cellularity and more than two mitotic figures per 50 HPFs. |
C121785 |
“A rare, well circumscribed, non-encapsulated tumor that arises in the oral cavity, most often the anterior tongue. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle cells in a chondromyxoid or hyalinized stroma. Recurrences have been observed in a minority of patients.” |
C121786 |
A benign myoepithelioma characterized by the presence of a minor ductal component. |
C121787 |
A malignant myoepithelioma characterized by the presence of a minor ductal component. |
C121788 |
A phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor with benign histologic features. It may recur locally but does not metastasize. Complete excision is curative. |
C121789 |
“A phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor characterized by the presence of nuclear atypia, high mitotic activity, increased cellularity, marked pleomorphism, and necrosis. It usually develops in lesions that have recurred locally and metastasizes to other sites.” |
C121790 |
A tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the presence of cords of neoplastic cells in a densely collagenous stroma. |
C121791 |
A tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the absence of pleomorphism and scarcity or absence of mitotic figures. |
C121792 |
“A usually large and aggressive tumor with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation characterized by the presence of marked nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and infiltrative margins. The most common metastatic sites are liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone.” |
C121793 |
“A term that refers to a heterogeneous group of uncommon soft tissue sarcomas that do not show an identifiable line of differentiation using currently available technologies. This is a diagnosis of exclusion and includes undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (also known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma), undifferentiated spindle cell sarcoma, undifferentiated round cell sarcoma, and undifferentiated epithelioid sarcoma.” |
C121797 |
An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant spindle cell infiltrate with amphophilic or palely eosinophilic cytoplasm. |
C121799 |
An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of uniform round or ovoid malignant cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio. |
C121802 |
An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with epithelioid morphology. |
C121804 |
An undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma which cannot be further characterized. |
C121831 |
A group of lesions that affect the bone and have the appearance and cytogenetic or molecular characteristics of neoplasms but the clinical behavior is suggestive of a non-neoplastic process. |
C121842 |
A rare benign chondroid and osteoid matrix-producing neoplasm of bone characterized by extensive myxoid changes. It may be a locally destructive neoplasm and has been reported in patients with Carney complex. |
C121844 |
“A benign tumor that affects the distal phalanx, most often the great toe. Grossly it consists of a cartilage cap and a bony stalk. Microscopically it is characterized by an osteochondromatous proliferation with a gradual transition of a peripheral spindle-cell proliferation to hyaline cartilage to trabecular bone. Pain and swelling are present. Simple resection is usually curative.” |
C121845 |
“A benign lesion that usually affects the proximal small bones of the hands or feet. Grossly it consists of a cartilage cap and a bony stalk. Microscopically it is characterized by the presence of spindle cells, cartilage, and bone, usually in a disorganized pattern compared to subungual exostosis. Enlarged (bizarre) chondrocytes are present in the cartilage. Swelling with or without pain is present. Recurrences following resection have been reported in approximately half of cases.” |
C121846 |
A locally aggressive or rarely metastasizing cartilaginous matrix-producing neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic chondrocytes. |
C121870 |
An intermediate-grade chondrosarcoma arising in the medulla of bone or within the cartilaginous cap of a pre-existing osteochondroma. It is characterized by the presence of increased cellularity and a greater degree of nuclear atypia and hyperchromasia as compared to grade 1 chondrosarcoma. Mitotic activity is present. |
C121871 |
“A high-grade chondrosarcoma arising in the medulla of bone or within the cartilaginous cap of a pre-existing osteochondroma. It is characterized by the presence of increased cellularity and a greater degree of nuclear atypia, hyperchromasia, and mitotic activity as compared to grade 2 chondrosarcoma.” |
C121881 |
A chondrosarcoma that arises in a pre-existing enchondroma. |
C121882 |
A chondrosarcoma arising within the cartilaginous cap of a pre-existing osteochondroma. |
C121893 |
“A rare tumor-like lesion of the hands and feet characterized by the presence of hemorrhagic fibrous tissue, hemosiderin deposition, osteoclast-like giant cells which are irregularly distributed, and reactive bone formation. Pain and swelling are the most frequent symptoms. It may recur following curettage, but is usually cured after a second procedure.” |
C121901 |
“An intraosseous benign tumor of notochord origin that arises in the bones of the base of the skull, vertebral bodies, sacrum or coccyx. It contains vacuolated tumor cells without atypia, but lacks myxoid matrix, necrosis, and lobular architecture, which are features that characterize its malignant counterpart, chordoma. Most lesions are incidental findings.” |
C121925 |
“A non-metastasizing, locally aggressive, bone-forming neoplasm.” |
C121926 |
A locally aggressive or rarely metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the bone. |
C121929 |
“A tumor histologically indistinguishable from, but larger than, benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone.” |
C121930 |
“A non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the bone, without lymph node or other extranodal involvement. The femur, spine, and pelvic bones are the most frequently affected areas. The majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Most patients present with pain in the affected area. Systemic symptoms are rare.” |
C121931 |
A benign but locally aggressive giant cell tumor that arises from the bone. |
C121932 |
“A benign but locally aggressive tumor that arises from the bone and is composed of mononuclear cells admixed with macrophages and osteoclast-like giant cells. It usually arises from the ends of long bones or the vertebrae. Clinical presentation includes pain, edema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint.” |
C121933 |
A giant cell tumor that arises from the bone and is characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular component. |
C121941 |
“A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm arising from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.” |
C121944 |
“A very rare disorder that appears after the first year and a half of life in previously healthy children. It is characterized by rapid-onset weight gain, hypothalamic dysfunction, breathing abnormalities, and autonomic system dysregulation. The hypothalamic dysfunction manifestations include inability to maintain normal water balance, high prolactin levels, low thyroid, low cortisol, and early or late puberty. The breathing abnormalities include sleep apnea and alveolar hypoventilation, req… |
C121945 |
“A rare, progressive, autosomal dominant inherited disorder. It is caused by mutation in the BMPR2 gene in most cases. It is characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, caused by obstruction and obliteration of the small pulmonary arteries.” |
C121946 |
“A rare, progressive disorder characterized by abnormally high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery caused by obstruction and obliteration of the small pulmonary arteries due to drugs or toxins. The stimulant appetite suppressant aminorex fumarate and other stimulant anorectics such as the serotonin reuptake inhibitor dexfenfluramine, as well as other agents, including illegal substances have been reported as causative agents.” |
C121953 |
“A benign, unilateral tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of conspicuous microcystic changes, cellular areas, and a fibrous stroma.” |
C121955 |
“An encapsulated epithelial neoplasm that arises from the kidney. It is composed of cytologically bland epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm forming tubular and papillary patterns. The nuclei are arranged linearly away from the basement membrane. Tumor necrosis, perirenal invasion, and vascular invasion are not present. The clinical course is indolent.” |
C121963 |
“A very rare, nonrhabdoid, intraventricular tumor with relatively favorable prognosis. It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells forming cribriform patterns, trabeculae, epithelial membrane antigen immunopositivity on epithelial surfaces, and loss of nuclear INI 1 expression.” |
C121967 |
A rare vascular malformation in the cerebral cortex and overlying leptomeninges. It can occur sporadically or in association with neurofibromatosis type 2. |
C121968 |
A rare dermal and subcutaneous lesion that results from the aberrant development of neural crest-derived melanocytes. It affects the head and neck with a predilection for the scalp. It presents as a slowly enlarging multinodular plaque. Morphologically is characterized by the presence of melanocytes and structures with schwannian differentiation in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. |
C121970 |
An abnormality of the pancreatic and biliary ducts in which their junction occurs above the duodenal wall. |
C121973 |
Gene expression-based patient cluster groups in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121974 |
“B acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by a gene-expression profile similar to that of BCR-ABL1-positive B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, absence of the pathognomonic BCR-ABL1 rearrangement, alterations of lymphoid transcription factor genes, and a poor outcome.” |
C121975 |
A gene expression subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by its expression level of the DDIT4L gene. |
C121978 |
Unique gene expression-based patient cluster groups in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE). |
C121980 |
Gene expression cluster 1 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121981 |
Gene expression cluster 2 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121982 |
Gene expression cluster 3 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121983 |
Gene expression cluster 4 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121984 |
Gene expression cluster 5 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121985 |
Gene expression cluster 6 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121986 |
Gene expression cluster 7 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C121988 |
Gene expression cluster 8 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
C122082 |
A rare type of gastritis characterized by gastric subepithelial collagen deposition and inflammatory infiltrates in the lamina propria. The pathogenesis of this disorder is unclear although an association with autoimmune disorders has been reported. It affects both children and adults. Children present with iron deficiency anemia and have a nodular stomach on gastroscopy. Adults present with chronic watery diarrhea and may have an associated collagenous colitis. |
C122412 |
An exacerbation of sickle cell disease. |
C122413 |
An exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. |
C122414 |
Inflammation of the brain secondary to an immune response triggered by the body itself. |
C122425 |
An infection at an anatomic location used for vascular access. |
C122426 |
An infection with the Cytomegalovirus that is not present from birth. |
C122427 |
An infection with the Cytomegalovirus that is present from birth. |
C122523 |
Pneumonia that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to methicillin treatment. |
C122526 |
“Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Signs and symptoms include productive cough, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain.” |
C122572 |
“An infectious process caused by rhinovirus. The virus usually causes upper respiratory infections, but can infect the lower tract as well.” |
C122574 |
An exacerbation of the chronic disease lupus. |
C122576 |
An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present. |
C122577 |
“An acute exacerbation of asthma, characterized by inadequate response to initial bronchodilators.” |
C122579 |
“A fear of sounds, which can include fear of voices, including one’s own voice, in addition to other sounds.” |
C122584 |
“A non-invasive serous neoplasm that arises from the ovary and shows greater cellular proliferation and cytologic atypia as compared to benign ovarian serous tumors, but less as compared to low-grade ovarian serous carcinoma.” |
C122585 |
A non-invasive serous neoplasm that arises from the ovary and shows micropapillary and/or cribriform architectural patterns. It is composed of round epithelial cells with scant cytoplasm and moderate nuclear atypia. |
C122586 |
“A non-invasive neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed of gastrointestinal-type, mucin-containing epithelial cells. It shows greater cellular proliferation and cytologic atypia as compared to benign ovarian mucinous tumors.” |
C122603 |
An acute lymphoblastic or acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in infancy. |
C122614 |
An acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in infancy. |
C122617 |
An acute lymphoblastic leukemia with rearrangement of the KMT2A gene that occurs in infancy. |
C122621 |
An acute lymphoblastic leukemia without rearrangement of the KMT2A gene that occurs in infancy. |
C122624 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in childhood and does not respond to treatment. |
C122625 |
“Acute myeloid leukemias that occur in children and do not fulfill the criteria for inclusion in the group of acute myeloid leukemias with recurrent genetic abnormalities or myelodysplastic changes, or are therapy-related. This category includes entities classified according to the French-American-British classification scheme.” |
C122653 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It is caused by a mutation in the ATN1 gene, resulting in a combined degeneration of the dentatorubral and pallidoluysian systems. It can appear at any age, but it usually affects individuals between 20 and 30 years and leads to death within 10-15 years. The clinical presentation depends on the age of the affected individual; juvenile patients develop severe progressive myoclonus epilepsy and cognitive decline, whe… |
C122654 |
“A group of rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorders characterized by a constricted thoracic cage, short ribs, and a ‘trident’ appearance of the acetabular roof. Polydactyly may or may not be present. Other abnormalities include cleft lip and palate and abnormalities of the brain, eye, heart, liver, pancreas, intestine, kidney, and genitalia.” |
C122655 |
“A rare, slowly progressive, multisystem neurodegenerative disorder that usually affects children. It is characterized by the presence of eosinophilic neuronal intranuclear inclusions and neuronal loss. It results in abnormalities of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems. Patients present with ataxia, extra-pyramidal signs, absent deep tendon reflexes, weakness, muscle wasting, foot deformities, and behavioral or cognitive abnormalities.” |
C122656 |
“A very rare genetic disorder characterized by cleft lip and palate, sparse scalp hair, and partial syndactyly of the fingers and toes.” |
C122657 |
“A very rare genetic disorder caused by mutation in the LIG4 gene. It is characterized by unusual facial features, microcephaly, growth and developmental delay, severe immunodeficiency, and skin abnormalities.” |
C122658 |
A very rare genetic syndrome characterized by reduced replicative DNA ligase I. It results in immunodeficiency and cellular hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. |
C122659 |
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is caused by mutations in the GARS gene. It results in axonal peripheral neuropathy. |
C122660 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited dysplasia of the long bones, characterized by symmetrical diaphyseal medullary stenosis, bone infarctions, pathologic fractures, and a high risk of development of malignant fibrous histiocytoma.” |
C122661 |
“Glycogen storage disease type I that is caused by mutations in the SLC37A4 gene. It is characterized by a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate translocase. It may be associated with neutropenia resulting in recurrent bacterial infections, inflammatory bowel disease, gingivitis, periodontal disease, and mouth ulcers.” |
C122662 |
Glycogen storage disease usually inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. It is characterized by a deficiency of hepatic phosphorylase kinase. |
C122663 |
“A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the VCP gene. It can affect the muscles, bones, and brain. Patients may develop myopathy that initially involves the muscles of the hips and shoulders and as the disorder progresses it may affect the cardiac and respiratory muscles, leading to life-threatening cardiac and pulmonary failure. Approximately half of the adults develop Paget disease of bone, and approximately one-third develop frontotemporal dementia.” |
C122664 |
“A rare, progressive neurological disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It is caused by mutations in the EIF2B1, EIF2B2, EIF2B3, EIF2B4, and EIF2B5 genes, resulting in deterioration of central nervous system’s white matter. Usually, there are no signs and symptoms of the disorder at birth. During early childhood, affected individuals develop spasticity and ataxia which may be associated with deterioration of the metal function. Examination of the brain at autopsy reveals … |
C122685 |
“A condition in which blood glucose levels are high, but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes.” |
C122686 |
Myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by decreased cellularity in the bone marrow. |
C122687 |
Acute myeloid leukemia that is not associated with cytogenetic abnormalities. |
C122688 |
“Acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the presence of t(8;21)(q22;q22) or inv(16)(p13q22)/t(16;16)(p13;q22). These cytogenetic abnormalities result in disruption of the transcription factor CBF, which is a regulator of normal hematopoiesis.” |
C122690 |
An acute myeloid leukemia in infancy characterized by t(7;12)(q36;p13) and fusion of the homeobox gene HLXB9 (MNX1) with the ETV6 gene. |
C122691 |
An acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in childhood and is characterized by the rearrangement of the NUP98 gene. |
C122716 |
An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) resulting in the reposition of a distal GATA2 enhancer to activate MECOM expression. It may present de novo or follow a myelodysplastic syndrome. The clinical course is aggressive. |
C122717 |
An acute myeloid leukemia associated with t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) resulting in the reposition of a distal GATA2 enhancer to activate MECOM expression. It may present de novo or follow a myelodysplastic syndrome. The clinical course is aggressive. |
C122725 |
A rare acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in children and is characterized primarily by deletions of 5q. |
C122726 |
A rare acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in childhood and is characterized by deletion of chromosome 7. |
C122782 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder representing the intermediate form of mucopolysaccharidosis type I. It is characterized by deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase. Signs and symptoms include short stature, cloudy cornea, umbilical hernia, joint stiffening, hepatosplenomegaly, and mental retardation.” |
C122784 |
Inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree. |
C122786 |
“The trapping of bowel or omentum inside the inguinal canal that cannot be reduced, resulting in inflammation, pain, nausea, and possible bowel obstruction.” |
C122787 |
A group of rare skeletal muscle ion-channel disorders caused by genetic mutations in the sodium and chloride channel genes. It is characterized by altered membrane excitability resulting in skeletal muscle stiffness. This group of myotonias is distinct from myotonic dystrophy because of the absence of systemic features or progressive weakness. |
C122788 |
“A group of autosomal dominant inherited non-dystrophic myotonias caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene, resulting in sodium muscle channelopathy. They are characterized by muscle stiffness, which worsens by ingestion of potassium-rich food. This group includes myotonia fluctuans, myotonia permanens, and acetazolamide-responsive myotonia.” |
C122789 |
An autosomal dominant inherited potassium aggravated myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene. It is characterized by mild muscle stiffness that develops during rest approximately an hour after exercise and lasts for about an hour. It worsens by ingestion of potassium-rich food. |
C122790 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited non-dystrophic myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene, resulting in sodium muscle channelopathy. It is characterized by muscle stiffness, which is increased by exposure to cold or activity, and usually eases when the patient warms up through physical activity.” |
C122791 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited non-dystrophic myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene, resulting in sodium muscle channelopathy. Currently, it is considered a variant of hyperkalemic periodic paralysis. Patients with normokalemic periodic paralysis do not have any change in their potassium levels during weakness, but become weak when they ingest potassium.” |
C122792 |
“Myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene, resulting in sodium muscle channelopathy. It is characterized by severe episodes of laryngospasm in the neonatal period, which can be alleviated by channel blockers.” |
C122793 |
Acute muscle weakness and paralysis that develops in critically ill patients who have been treated with multiple drugs during their intensive care unit stay. It is associated with delayed weaning from mechanical ventilation and prolonged rehabilitation. |
C122794 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited non-dystrophic myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene. It is characterized by muscle stiffness, which is increased by exposure to cold but does not change to flaccid paralysis with intense cooling.” |
C122795 |
“Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the NPHS1 gene, which encodes the protein nephrin, and most commonly presents during the first three months of life.” |
C122796 |
Nephrotic syndrome for which no cause has been identified. |
C122797 |
“Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, characterized by the normalization of proteinuria with the administration of corticosteroids.” |
C122798 |
“Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, in which proteinuria does not normalize with administration of steroids; this condition is unresponsive to a minimum of four weeks administration of oral corticosteroids.” |
C122799 |
Nephrotic syndrome characterized by two or more consecutive relapses during steroid tapering or within fourteen days of discontinuing steroids. |
C122800 |
New onset nephrotic syndrome. |
C122801 |
Pre-existing nephrotic syndrome. |
C122802 |
“Nephrotic syndrome characterized by recurrent proteinuria by dipstick of first morning urine: 2+ or greater for three days or longer, or the presence of edema with proteinuria of any duration following a remission.” |
C122803 |
“Nephrotic syndrome in which there is relapse occurring two or more times in the first six months, or four or more times in a year.” |
C122804 |
“A condition resembling WAGR (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies and developmental delay) syndrome that also includes obesity. This is a contiguous gene syndrome due to deletion in the vicinity of chromosome 11p13-p12 in a region containing the WT1, PAX6 and BDNF genes.” |
C122805 |
“A condition, which typically presents during adolescence, that is caused by WT-1 mutation, and is characterized by a developmental sex disorder, FSGS, and may be associated with gonadoblastoma.” |
C122806 |
Glomerulonephritis characterized by endocapillary proliferation and the presence of inflammatory cells affecting 50% or more of all glomeruli. |
C122811 |
“A rare, genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by mutations in the SCN1A, GABRG2, GABRD, SCN9A, or STX1B genes. It is characterized by early childhood onset febrile seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, absence seizures, myoclonic seizures, and atonic seizures” |
C122812 |
A seizure caused by a localized disorder. |
C122813 |
“Intractable juvenile myoclonic epilepsy which is not associated with an acute, prolonged epileptic crisis.” |
C122814 |
A neurological disorder characterized by recurring seizures presenting within the first three months of life and progressive cerebral dysfunction. |
C122815 |
“A life-threatening disorder characterized by delirium, seizures, and neuromuscular changes.” |
C122822 |
The presence of calculi in the gallbladder. |
C122919 |
“A skin hypersensitivity reaction characterized by raised purpuric lesions, red macules, hemorrhagic blisters and ulcerations.” |
C122923 |
“A genetic condition caused by mutation(s) in the ABCC8 gene, encoding ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 8.” |
C122925 |
An inherited form of tylosis that presents between 5-14 years of age and is characterized by focal areas of nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma. Individuals have an increased incidence of esophageal carcinoma. |
C122926 |
An inherited form of tylosis that presents by one year and is characterized by benign palmoplantar keratoderma. |
C122927 |
“An autosomally dominant inherited form of palmoplantar keratoderma that is characterized by a non-gradient diffuse pattern and often, hyperhidrosis of the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. It does not extend beyond the palms, knucklels pads, nails, and the soles.” |
C122985 |
“A very rare benign lesion that arises from the sinonasal tract. It usually affects infants and children. It presents as a polypoid mass and is composed of cartilage, myxoid stroma, and other mesenchymal elements.” |
C122991 |
Global enlargement of the renal parenchyma in one or both kidneys. |
C123013 |
Chronic kidney disease resulting from deposition of urate crystals or microtophi in the medullary interstitium. |
C123014 |
Tubulointerstitial nephritis resulting from a drug exposure. |
C123015 |
A condition characterized by dilatation of the Bowman space and affecting more than 5% of the glomeruli. |
C123016 |
“An abscess that is located outside the renal capsule, but which is within Gerota’s space.” |
C123017 |
An abscess that is located within the renal parenchyma. |
C123018 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HNF1B, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta. In addition to diabetes, this condition may be associated with renal cysts and urogenital anomalies. Homozygous HNF1B mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes.” |
C123020 |
Infection of the kidney due to mycobacteria. |
C123021 |
An autoimmune disorder comprising tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis. |
C123022 |
A condition characterized by deposition of IgM antibody in the glomerulus. |
C123023 |
Membranous nephritis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. |
C123024 |
Kidney damage resulting from uric acid precipitation within the renal tubules. |
C123025 |
Chronic tubulointerstitial disease resulting from aristolochic acid. |
C123026 |
“The underdevelopment of otherwise normal renal parenchyma, characterized by decreased nephron size and possibly a decreased number of nephrons at birth.” |
C123027 |
Tubulointerstitial hemorrhage resulting from hantavirus infection. |
C123028 |
Damage to the kidney and renal tubules resulting from heavy metal exposure. |
C123029 |
“Interstitial nephritis due to Leptospira, which may be associated with non-oliguric acute kidney injury.” |
C123030 |
Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stone(s) is predominantly magnesium ammonium phosphate. |
C123031 |
“Abnormal development of the kidney that is characterized by atretic ureter, multiple cysts of different sizes that are separated by dysplastic parenchyma, and complete lack of function.” |
C123032 |
Pus within the collecting system of the kidney. |
C123033 |
“Tissue damage to the glomerulus and renal tubules resulting from irradiation, which is characterized by vascular endothelial damage, mesangial damage, platelet aggregation in the capillary loops, thickening of the glomerular arteriolar intimal layer, and atrophic tubules.” |
C123035 |
Kidney disease associated with Schistosoma infection. Injury to the kidney may be a result of immunologically mediated glomerular or interstitial injury and/or a result of reflux nephropathy. |
C123036 |
Disease affecting the renal tubules and interstitium of the kidney. |
C123037 |
Nephrolithiasis in which the composition of the stone(s) is predominantly uric acid. |
C123038 |
“Chronic, destructive infection of the kidney characterized by lipid-laden macrophages in the setting of obstruction secondary to infected renal stones, most commonly caused by Proteus or Escherichia coli.” |
C123039 |
“Proliferative glomerulonephritis characterized by activation of the alternative complement pathway, resulting in mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary proliferation, and glomerular basement membrane intramembranous highly electron dense deposits.” |
C123040 |
Glomerular enlargement greater than the fiftieth percentile. |
C123042 |
Diffuse glomerular (greater than 50% of glomeruli) hypertrophy (greater than 250 micron diameter) that occurs in the context of obesity. |
C123043 |
“Glomerulonephritis characterized by C3 accumulation with little or absent deposition of immunoglobulin, in the absence of ultrastructural electron-dense transformation seen in dense deposit disease.” |
C123044 |
“Segmental or global glomerulopathy with tuft wrinkling, collapse and contraction without increased matrix or cells, but with adjacent podocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia.” |
C123045 |
“Nephrotic syndrome associated with a cytomegalovirus infection, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.” |
C123046 |
“Nephrotic syndrome presenting within the first three months of life, and which is associated with an infectious process.” |
C123047 |
“Nephrotic syndrome associated with rubella, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.” |
C123048 |
“Nephrotic syndrome associated with toxoplasmosis, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.” |
C123049 |
“Nephrotic syndrome associated with syphilis, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.” |
C123050 |
Glomerulonephritis in the context of cryoglobulinemia. |
C123051 |
“A variant of FSGS characterized by hypercellularity of the glomerulus; this excludes the tip and collapsing FSGS. (D’Agati VD, et al. “”Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal.”” Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)” |
C123052 |
“A variant of FSGS characterized by glomerular tuft collapse, which may result in scarring. (D’Agati VD, et al. “”Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal.”” Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)” |
C123053 |
“A variant of FSGS characterized by scarring of the glomerulus where at least 50% of the scars are adjacent to the hilum and must have hyalinosis; this excludes cellular, tip and collapsing FSGS. (D’Agati VD, et al. “”Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal.”” Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)” |
C123054 |
“A variant of FSGS characterized by scarring of the glomerulus adjacent to the origin of the proximal convoluted tubule; this occurs in the absence of collapsing and perihilar FSGS. (D’Agati VD, et al. “”Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal.”” Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)” |
C123055 |
“Glomerulonephritis characterized by mesangial proliferation, endocapillary proliferation, and glomerular capillary wall remodeling with immune complex deposits from classical complement pathway activation.” |
C123056 |
“Glomerulonephritis similar in appearance under light microscopy to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) I, but with subepithelial or transmembranous and subendothelial deposits on electron microscopy.” |
C123057 |
Membranous nephropathy associated with an autoimmune disorder. |
C123059 |
Membranous nephropathy associated with exposure to a drug. |
C123060 |
Membranous nephropathy for which no cause has been identified. |
C123061 |
Membranous nephropathy associated with infectious disease. |
C123062 |
Membranous nephropathy in the context of malignancy. |
C123063 |
Membranous nephropathy due to neural endopeptidase (NEP) antibodies. |
C123064 |
Membranous nephropathy due to phospholipase 2 receptor (PLA2R) antibodies. |
C123065 |
Membranous nephropathy due to thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7A (THSD7A) antibodies. |
C123067 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ACTN4 gene. |
C123068 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ADCK4 gene. |
C123069 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ANLN gene. |
C123070 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ARHGAP24 gene. |
C123071 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ARHGDIA gene. |
C123072 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CD2AP gene. |
C123073 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CFH gene. |
C123074 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the COQ2 gene. |
C123075 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the COQ6 gene. |
C123076 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CRB2 gene. |
C123077 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CUBN gene. |
C123078 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a cytomegalovirus infection. |
C123079 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the DGKE gene. |
C123080 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the EMP2 gene. |
C123081 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with Epstein-Barr infection. |
C123082 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with hepatitis B. |
C123083 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a hepatitis C infection. |
C123084 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. |
C123085 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the INF2 gene. |
C123086 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with an infectious process. |
C123087 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ITGA3 gene. |
C123088 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ITGB4 gene. |
C123089 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the LAMB2 gene. |
C123090 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the LMX1B gene. |
C123091 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with malaria. |
C123092 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the MEFV gene. |
C123093 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the MYO1E gene. |
C123094 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the NEIL1 gene. |
C123095 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the NPHS2 gene. |
C123096 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a parvovirus B19 infection. |
C123097 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the PDSS2 gene. |
C123098 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the PLCE1 gene. |
C123099 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the PTPRO gene. |
C123100 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the SCARB2 gene. |
C123101 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a simian virus 40 infection. |
C123102 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the SMARCAL1 gene. |
C123103 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a syphilis infection. |
C123104 |
Nephrotic syndrome associated with a toxoplasmosis infection. |
C123105 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the TRPC6 gene. |
C123106 |
Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the WT1 gene. |
C123108 |
“Glomerulonephritis with paucity of glomerular staining for immunoglobulins that may be accompanied by systemic, small vessel vasculitis containing no anti neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA).” |
C123109 |
Glomerulonephritis in which anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) is almost always present and vasculitis is limited to the kidney. |
C123110 |
“Glomerulonephritis in the context of eosinophilic-rich granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilia, asthma and commonly anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.” |
C123111 |
Glomerulonephritis in the context of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in which anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) is almost always present. |
C123112 |
“Glomerulonephritis in the context of systemic, small vessel vasculitis in which anti neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) is almost always present.” |
C123113 |
Collapsing glomerulopathy for which no underlying cause has been identified. |
C123114 |
Collapsing glomerulopathy for which an underlying cause has been identified. |
C123115 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis that appears normal under light microscopy, but with evidence of immune deposits by immunofluorescence. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123116 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis exhibiting mesangial hypercellularity or mesangial expansion by light microscopy, with mesangial immune deposits. Isolated subepithelial or subendothelial deposits may be visible by immunofluorescence or electron microscopy, but not by light microscopy. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123117 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis with active of inactive focal, segmental or global endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis involving less than 50% of all glomeruli, typically with focal subendothelial immune deposits with or without mesangial alterations. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123118 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, with active or inactive diffuse, segmental or global endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis involving greater than or equal to 50% of all glomeruli, typically with diffuse subendothelial immune deposits, with or without mesangial alterations. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123119 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, characterized by active or inactive diffuse, global endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis that involves 50% or more of all glomeruli. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123120 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis characterized by active or inactive diffuse, segmental endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis that involves 50% or more of all glomeruli. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123121 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, with global or segmental subepithelial immune deposits or their morphologic sequelae by light microscopy and by immunofluorescence or electron microscopy, with or without mesangial alterations. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123122 |
“Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, with 90% or more of glomeruli globally sclerosed without residual activity. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)” |
C123123 |
“Segmental glomerulopathy of localized intracapillary foam cells with adjacent, often vacuolated glomerular epithelial cells confluent to the origin of the proximal tubule.” |
C123124 |
“Nephrotic syndrome in which proteinuria has decreased by at least 50% and below the nephrotic range cutoff from disease onset, but does not normalize following a defined course of treatment.” |
C123125 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to antimicrobials. |
C123126 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to bisphosphonates. |
C123127 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to calcineurin inhibitors. |
C123128 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. |
C123129 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to contrast agents. |
C123130 |
“Kidney damage resulting from lithium which may include distal or collecting tubular cysts, proteinuria, interstitial nephritis and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.” |
C123131 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors. |
C123132 |
Kidney damage resulting from aminoglycosides. |
C123133 |
Kidney damage resulting from amphotericin. |
C123134 |
Kidney damage resulting from analgesic drugs. |
C123135 |
Kidney damage resulting from ciclosporin. |
C123136 |
Kidney damage resulting from cisplatin. |
C123137 |
Kidney damage resulting from tacrolimus. |
C123138 |
Kidney damage resulting from exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). |
C123139 |
“Segmental scarring of the glomerulus, which may result in isolated proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome, which affects only part of the glomerulus and only some of the glomeruli. Additionally, the Not Otherwise Specified classification excludes FSGS tip, perihilar, collapsing, and cellular variants. (D’Agati VD, et al. “”Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal.”” Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)” |
C123140 |
IgA nephropathy secondary to a genetic mutation that is transmitted from parents to offspring. |
C123141 |
IgA nephropathy co-occurring with infectious disease. |
C123155 |
Hydronephrosis that occurs in a fetus. |
C123158 |
“A hereditary disorder characterized by excessive oxalate production, leading to hyperoxaluria.” |
C123159 |
A cystic and dysplastic dilation of the distal ureter within the bladder that may extend into the bladder neck and urethra. |
C123160 |
A lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mildly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cells across the alveolar walls with at least one focus of invasive carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in greatest dimension. |
C123161 |
“Enlargement of the diameter of the ureter, which can be partial or complete.” |
C123162 |
A group of conditions comprising dysfunction of the storage and elimination of urine. |
C123163 |
Acute kidney injury caused by ischemic necrosis of the renal cortex. |
C123164 |
“Antenatal hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) an anterior-posterior renal pelvis diameter (APRPD) of 4 to less than 7 mm at less than 28 weeks, 2) to less than10 mm at greater than or equal to 28 weeks, and 3) may have central calyceal dilation. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley, Jeffrey B. Campbell, Jeanne Chow, Beverly Coleman, Christopher Cooper, Jude Crino, Kassa Darge, C.D. Anthony Herndon, Anthony O. Odibo, Michael J.G. Somers, Deborah … |
C123165 |
“Antenatal hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) an anterior-posterior renal pelvis diameter (APRPD) of greater than or equal to 7mm at less than 28 weeks, 2) greater than or equal to10 mm at greater than or equal to 28 weeks, or 3) any one of the following findings: a)dilation of peripheral calyces, b) abnormal parenchymal thickness or appearance, c) visibly dilated ureter, d) an abnormal bladder, or e) the presence of oligohydramnios suspected to be related to the urinary… |
C123166 |
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease caused by a mutation in PKD2. |
C123167 |
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease caused by a mutation in PKD1. |
C123170 |
A heterogeneous and/or septated cyst located in the kidney. |
C123171 |
“An inherited form of cystic kidney disease that leads to fibrosis and impaired renal function as a result of defects in the MUC1 gene, which encodes mucin 1.” |
C123172 |
“An inherited form of cystic kidney disease leading to fibrosis and impaired renal function that is caused by mutations in the UMOD gene, which encodes uromodulin/Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein.” |
C123173 |
A homogenous cyst located in the kidney. |
C123174 |
Inflammation of the bladder due to irradiation. |
C123175 |
Inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder. |
C123176 |
Inflammation of both the urethra and the trigone of the urinary bladder. |
C123177 |
Epispadias with urinary continence. |
C123178 |
Epispadias with urinary incontinence. |
C123179 |
“Cryoglobulinemia glomerulonephritis associated with chronic disease, often inflammatory conditions.” |
C123180 |
“Glomerulonephritis characterized by proliferation of endothelial or mesangial cells, affecting the glomeruli in a focal and segmental pattern.” |
C123181 |
Glomerulonephritis in the context of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. |
C123183 |
“Postnatal Hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) APRPD is 10 to less than 15 mm, 2) central calyceal dilation may be present, but peripheral calyceal dilation is considered to increase risk, 3) renal parenchyma should have normal thickness and appearance, 4) the ureter is not seen, and 5) the bladder is normal. If there is central calyceal dilation but the APRPD is less than 10 mm, it is still considered UTD P1. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley… |
C123184 |
“Postnatal Hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) APRPD is greater than or equal to 15 mm, 2) the calyces may be dilated centrally and peripherally, 3) or a dilated ureter is visible, 4) the parenchymal thickness and appearance is normal, and 5) the bladder is normal. Cases in which there is peripheral calyceal dilation but the APRPD is less than 15 mm are classified as UTD P2. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley, Jeffrey B. Campbell, Jeanne Chow, … |
C123185 |
“Postnatal Hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) calyceal dilation and the ureter are the same as those in UTD P2, 2) the renal parenchymal is thinned, has increased echogenicity and/or has decreased corticomedullary differentiation, or 3) the bladder is abnormal (wall thickening, ureterocele, posterior urethral dilation). Cases in which there are parenchymal abnormalities but the APRPD is less than 15 mm, are classified as UTD P3. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Be… |
C123188 |
“A condition characterized by a large capacity, thin-walled bladder and megaureter(s).” |
C123189 |
A megaureter in which there is no obstruction at the ureterovesical junction. |
C123190 |
A megaureter in which there is no obstruction at the ureterovesical junction and no vesicoureteral reflux. |
C123191 |
A megaureter in which there is obstruction to the flow of urine at the ureterovesical junction. |
C123192 |
A megaureter that demonstrates retrograde urine flow without ureteral obstruction. |
C123193 |
“A megaureter in which there is retrograde flow of urine and a concomitant, episodic obstruction resulting from ureteral folding.” |
C123194 |
An out-pouching of the calyx into the renal parenchyma. |
C123195 |
“Necrosis of the renal papillae, for which no underlying cause has been identified.” |
C123196 |
Nephropathy due to hypoperfusion of the kidney. |
C123197 |
Hypertensive nephropathy secondary to malignant hypertension. |
C123199 |
“A syndrome characterized by hematuria with dysmorphic red blood cells, red blood cell casts, and proteinuria; systemic manifestations may be present, including hypertension, edema, oliguria.” |
C123200 |
“Progressive tubulointerstitial injury, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, caused by mutations in genes involved in ciliary function, which may result in an end stage renal failure.” |
C123201 |
Nephropathy associated with rhabdomyolysis. |
C123202 |
Congenital renal hypoplasia characterized by small kidneys; reduced nephron number; tubular and glomerular hypertrophy. |
C123203 |
“Nephropathy secondary to sickle cell disease, characterized by the presence of sickled erythrocytes in the renal medullary vessels, renal ischemia and microinfarctions, renal papillary necrosis, and renal tubular abnormalities.” |
C123207 |
“A congenital anomaly that involves the protrusion of the exstrophied bladder through the abdominal wall. It is an anomaly that exists along the exstrophy-epispadias complex, which frequently includes urethra exstrophy, separation of the pubic symphysis, external rotation of the pelvic bones, and opening of the puborectal sling and sphincters.” |
C123208 |
“Non-coordinated, reflexive contraction of the bladder and sphincter relaxation.” |
C123209 |
A congenital out pouching of the bladder involving the ureteral hiatus. |
C123210 |
A posterior urethral valve extending from the vera montanum towards the distal meatus. |
C123211 |
“A posterior urethral valve, presumed to result from incomplete canalization of the urethra, that is located immediately distal to the vera montanum.” |
C123212 |
Recessively inherited primary hyperoxaluria due to alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT) deficiency. |
C123213 |
Recessively inherited primary hyperoxaluria due to glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) deficiency. |
C123214 |
Recessively inherited primary hyperoxaluria due to mitochondrial 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase (HOGA1) gene mutations. |
C123215 |
Sudden onset pyelonephritis. |
C123216 |
Persistent pyelonephritis. |
C123221 |
Narrowing of a main artery in the kidney. |
C123222 |
The formation of a thrombus in the renal artery. |
C123223 |
Hemolytic uremic syndrome not associated with shiga toxin-producing enterobacteria. |
C123225 |
A disorder of the heart and kidneys in which dysfunction of one of the organs induces dysfunction of the other organ. |
C123226 |
“Hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by gastrointestinal infection, usually with shiga toxin-producing enterobacteria.” |
C123227 |
Fecal constipation or impaction resulting in bowel and bladder dysfunction. |
C123228 |
“Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with an inherited defect, but which is not associated with shiga toxin-producing enterobacteria.” |
C123229 |
“A genetic disorder characterized by impairment of the function of the proximal tubules of the kidney, which results in decreased reabsorption of electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients.” |
C123230 |
A genetic disorder caused by PAX2 gene mutations that is characterized by renal hypoplasia and a spectrum of congenital anomalies of the eye and urinary tract. |
C123231 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which is characterized by hypertension, hypokalemia, low renin, and hypoaldosteronism.” |
C123232 |
A congenital anomaly in which the ureteral orifice drains into an abnormal location. |
C123233 |
A condition in which two ipsilateral ureters unite and drain into the bladder at a single ureteric orifice. |
C123234 |
“The folding of a ureter, which results in the impediment of urine flow.” |
C123235 |
“A ureterocele in which the orifice is located in the bladder, with the ureterocele pouch extending submucosally into the urethra.” |
C123236 |
“A ureterocele in which some portion of the ureterocele is situated permanently at the bladder neck or in the urethra. The orifice may be situated in the bladder, at the bladder neck, or in the urethra. (Adapted from Glassberg KI, Braren V, Duckett JW, Jacobs EC, King LR, Lebowitz RL et al. Suggested terminology for duplex systems, ectopic ureters and ureteroceles. J Urol 1984; 132(6):1153-1154.)” |
C123237 |
“A ureterocele that is located entirely within the bladder, and which may be associated with a single system, with the upper pole ureter of a completely duplicated system, or rarely associated with a lower pole ureter. (Adapted from Glassberg KI, Braren V, Duckett JW, Jacobs EC, King LR, Lebowitz RL et al. Suggested terminology for duplex systems, ectopic ureters and ureteroceles. J Urol 1984; 132(6):1153-1154.)” |
C123238 |
“A ureterocele with a small, obstructive orifice.” |
C123239 |
A ureterocele in which the orifice is distal to the external urinary sphincter. |
C123242 |
Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly calcium oxalate. |
C123243 |
Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly calcium phosphate. |
C123244 |
Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly cystine. |
C123245 |
Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly urate. |
C123246 |
Difficulty in initiating urination. |
C123247 |
The need to increase intra-abdominal pressure in order to initiate and maintain voiding. |
C123249 |
“A condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of fibrous tissue in the compartment posterior to the peritoneum, for which no underlying cause has been identified.” |
C123250 |
“Narrowing of the infundibulum to the calyx, which produces an impediment to urine flow.” |
C123251 |
“A hereditary, heterogeneous disorder of electrolyte metabolism that is characterized by renal resistance to aldosterone action, resulting in salt wasting, hypotension, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis.” |
C123252 |
A hereditary renal tubular defect characterized by hypertension and hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis in the presence of suppressed plasma renin levels and relatively low aldosterone levels. |
C123254 |
“A condition in which the urachus fails to close proximal to the bladder, resulting in a non-detrusor, blind-ending pouch at the dome of the bladder.” |
C123255 |
Remaining collapsed and obliterated urachal tissue between the bladder dome and umbilicus. |
C123260 |
“An X-linked, recessive disorder of the proximal renal tubules that presents during childhood, and is characterized by low-molecular weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia rickets, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, and progressive kidney failure.” |
C123261 |
“A hereditary condition caused by calcium sensing receptor gene mutations, resulting in calcium-hypersensitivity, and compensatory hypocalcemia and hypercalciuria.” |
C123262 |
“A hereditary condition caused by calcium sensing receptor gene mutations, resulting in calcium-hyposensitivity, and compensatory hypercalcemia and hypocalciuria.” |
C123263 |
“A hereditary disorder that leads to a selective defect in renal or intestinal magnesium absorption, resulting in a low serum magnesium concentration.” |
C12326 |
“The failure of one or both testes of a male fetus to descend from the abdomen into the scrotum during the late part of pregnancy. If not surgically corrected in early childhood, males may be at increased risk for testicular cancer later in life.” |
C123276 |
“An infection caused by the BK virus. It usually causes an asymptomatic infection, except in immunocompromised individuals where it may cause nephropathy or hemorrhagic cystitis.” |
C123308 |
Myotonic dystrophy that is present at birth. |
C123317 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the DICER1 gene. People with this syndrome are at an increased risk of developing pleuropulmonary blastoma, cystic nephroma, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary, and multinodular goiter.” |
C123329 |
“Multiple endocrine neoplasia caused by mutation of the RET gene. It includes the following neoplastic processes: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B, and hereditary thyroid gland medullary carcinoma.” |
C123330 |
“Loss of vision in the central portion of the retina (macula), secondary to retinal degeneration.” |
C123384 |
“A rare, low-grade carcinoma of the salivary gland with favorable clinical outcome. It usually arises from the parotid gland and less often from the minor salivary glands. It shares the same histopathologic features and molecular characteristics (ETV6 gene rearrangement) with secretory breast carcinoma.” |
C123392 |
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis that occurs during childhood. |
C123393 |
The reemergence of lymphomatoid granulomatosis in childhood after a period of remission. |
C123394 |
An extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that occurs during childhood. |
C123395 |
“Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during childhood and involves the bone marrow, spleen, liver, or lung.” |
C123396 |
“Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during childhood and does not involve the bone marrow, spleen, liver, or lung.” |
C123397 |
A spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma occurring in children. |
C123398 |
A periosteal osteosarcoma occurring in childhood. |
C123412 |
Alzheimer’s disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN1 gene. |
C123413 |
Alzheimer’s disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN2 gene. |
C123414 |
Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia induced by adrenergic stress. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and is caused by mutations in the ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) gene. |
C123415 |
“An autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutation in the HPCA gene. It begins in childhood or adolescence and is characterized by involuntary, sustained muscle contractions and torsions affecting initially distal limbs and later the neck, orofacial, and craniocervical regions.” |
C123416 |
An autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by very high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol in the blood. It is usually caused by mutations in the LDLR gene which is located on the short arm of chromosome 19. |
C123417 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the LMNA gene. It is characterized by growth retardation, craniofacial abnormalities with mandibular hypoplasia, skeletal abnormalities with progressive osteolysis of the distal phalanges and clavicles, and mottled or patchy skin pigmentation. The affected individuals have a marked acral loss of adipose tissue with normal or increased adipose tissue in the neck and trunk.” |
C123429 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the SCN4A gene. It is characterized by occasional episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis which are usually accompanied by increased levels of potassium in the blood. In some cases, the episodes of paralysis are associated with normal blood potassium levels. Ingestion of potassium can trigger attacks in affected individuals.” |
C123433 |
An autosomal recessive inherited condition caused by mutations in the AASS gene. It is characterized by elevated levels of the amino acid lysine in the blood. It usually does not cause health problems. |
C123434 |
“Decreased or absent levels of serum immunoglobulin A, with normal serum levels of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in a patient who is older than 4 years of age and in whom all other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia have been excluded. Affected individuals may be asymptomatic or have frequent infections, allergic reactions, or autoimmune disorders.” |
C123435 |
A metabolic disorder usually inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and caused by mutations in the MAT1A gene. Affected individuals usually do not have clinical abnormalities. |
C123436 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the B3GALTL gene. It is characterized by abnormalities in the anterior chamber of the eye, short stature, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, distinctive facial features, and intellectual disability.” |
C123437 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the MMP2 gene. It is characterized by the presence of multiple, painless subcutaneous nodules, osteolysis particularly in the hands and feet, osteoporosis, and arthropathy.” |
C123438 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes. Signs and symptoms usually appear at birth or early infancy. Affected individuals have severe muscle weakness, multiple contractures, and hypermobility in their distal joints.” |
C123638 |
Abnormal widening of the central spinal canal. |
C123639 |
A congenital birth defect characterized by the absence of a normal vaginal opening. |
C123643 |
Syringomyelia associated with accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal cord. |
C123725 |
“A X-linked condition characterized by underdevelopment of the adrenal gland and adrenal insufficiency caused by mutation(s) in the NR0B1 gene, resulting in decreased activity of the nuclear receptor protein DAX1, which may be associated with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.” |
C123726 |
“An autosomal recessive condition characterized by female to male sex reversal and kidney, adrenal, and lung dysgenesis, due to mutation(s) in the WNT4 gene.” |
C123729 |
“A congenital condition characterized by growth retardation, a decreased number of NK cells, glucocorticoid deficiency, and increased chromosome breakage, associated with mutation(s) in the MCM4 gene.” |
C123731 |
An alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of chromosomal translocation t(1;13)(p36;q14) that results in PAX7-FOXO1 gene fusion; or translocation t(2;13)(q35;q14) that results in PAX3-FOXO1 gene fusion. Approximately 80% of alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas are fusion-positive. |
C123732 |
An alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the absence of chromosomal translocation t(1;13)(p36;q14) or t(2;13)(q35;q14) and therefore the absence of PAX7-FOXO1 or PAX3-FOXO1 gene fusion. |
C123735 |
A rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the presence of chromosomal translocation t(1;13)(p36;q14) that results in PAX7-FOXO1 gene fusion; or translocation t(2;13)(q35;q14) that results in PAX3-FOXO1 gene fusion. |
C123736 |
A rhabdomyosarcoma characterized by the absence of chromosomal translocation t(1;13)(p36;q14) or t(2;13)(q35;q14) and therefore the absence of PAX7-FOXO1 or PAX3-FOXO1 gene fusion. |
C123737 |
A malignant germ cell tumor that occurs during childhood and is resistant to treatment. |
C123739 |
Malignant germ cell tumor resistant to treatment. |
C123813 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene. It is characterized by the premature fusion of the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis) and a skin abnormality called cutis gyrata. The craniosynostosis results in a cloverleaf-shaped skull, wide-set eyes, ear abnormalities, underdeveloped upper jaw, and developmental delays. Cutis gyrata is characterized by a wrinkled skin appearance, especially on the face, near the ears, and on the palms and soles.” |
C123814 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the FGFR2 gene. It is characterized by the premature fusion of the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis) and foot abnormalities. The craniosynostosis results in a malformed skull, widely spaced eyes, and a bulging forehead. The foot abnormalities consist of short and wide first toes, which bend away from the other toes. In addition, syndactyly in some toes may be present. The hands are almost always normal.” |
C123815 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the SMAD4 gene. It is characterized by developmental abnormalities, mild to moderate intellectual disability, hearing loss, skin stiffness, skeletal abnormalities, and typical facial features (short palpebral fissures, shortened distance between the nose and upper lip, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, cleft palate, and/or cleft lip).” |
C123834 |
An immature teratoma occurring in children. |
C123835 |
An immature teratoma that arises from the testis and occurs in children. |
C123836 |
A mature teratoma occurring in children. |
C123837 |
A mature teratoma that arises from the testis and occurs in children. |
C123838 |
A germinomatous germ cell tumor occurring in children. |
C123840 |
A seminoma occurring in children. |
C123841 |
A nongerminomatous germ cell tumor occurring in children. |
C123842 |
A nongerminomatous germ cell tumor that arises in the ovary and occurs in children. |
C123843 |
A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor that arises in the testis and occurs in children. |
C123844 |
A choriocarcinoma occurring in children. |
C123847 |
An embryonal carcinoma occurring in children. |
C123848 |
A mixed germ cell tumor occurring in children. |
C123849 |
A mixed germ cell tumor that arises from the ovary and occurs in children. |
C123898 |
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the veins in the liver or hepatic artery. |
C123899 |
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the splenic vein or splenic artery. |
C123900 |
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of a mesenteric vein or mesenteric artery. |
C123901 |
Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the vein that carries blood away from the testis or ovary. |
C123903 |
A papillary thyroid gland carcinoma occurring during childhood. |
C123904 |
A follicular thyroid gland carcinoma occurring in childhood. |
C123905 |
A medullary thyroid gland carcinoma occurring in childhood. |
C123906 |
A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) occurring in childhood. Pediatric GISTs differ biologically from adult GISTs in that only 11% of pediatric GISTs have activating mutations of KIT and PDGFRA. |
C123907 |
A malignant neoplasm that affects the kidney and occurs in childhood. |
C123932 |
A small intestinal leiomyosarcoma occurring in childhood. |
C123933 |
A small intestinal carcinoma occurring in childhood. |
C124056 |
“A rare osteochondrodysplasia characterized by short stature, joint laxity, multiple dislocations, vertebral and metaphyseal abnormalities, and advanced carpotarsal ossification. Two forms have been identified: type 1 caused by mutation in the gene CANT1 and type 2 caused by mutations in the gene XYLT1.” |
C124057 |
“A rare brain developmental disorder caused by mutations in the TSEN54, TSEN2, TSEN34, or SEPSECS gene. The pons and cerebellum are the brain structures that are more severely affected. It is characterized by microcephaly, lack of voluntary motor skills, dysphagia, inability to communicate, abnormal patterns of movement, and spasticity.” |
C124070 |
“A very common, non-neoplastic dermatologic disorder characterized by keratinization of hair follicles of the skin. It manifests as small, rough folliculocentric keratotic papules, usually in the outer-upper arms and thighs. It affects children and adolescents and usually improves with age.” |
C124137 |
A pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation that occurs during childhood. |
C124269 |
A myxopapillary ependymoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124270 |
A neuroblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124271 |
A ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124272 |
A central nervous system ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124273 |
An intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124274 |
A nodular ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124275 |
An astrocytoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124291 |
An atypical choroid plexus papilloma that occurs during childhood. |
C124292 |
A choroid plexus carcinoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124293 |
An anaplastic ependymoma that occurs during childhood. |
C124493 |
“A congenital defect characterized by the absence of most or all of the head, with the presence of a mouth-like opening on the upper thorax.” |
C124495 |
“A congenital heart malformation characterised by incomplete separation of the truncus arteriosus and the aorticopulmonary trunk, resulting in communication between the aorta and pulmonary trunk.” |
C124497 |
A congenital anatomic defect characterised by the absence of a normally present opening in an organ or tissue. |
C124505 |
“A congenital abnormality characterized by the abnormal development of the lower portion of the body. Findings include hypoplastic lower extremities, defects of the caudal vertebrae, sacrum and neural tube, or maldeveloped gastrointestinal or genital organs.” |
C124506 |
“A congenital abnormality characterized by a malformation of the head. The eyes are hypoteleric and the nose may be absent or misshapen (small, flattened, single nostril) and defective.” |
C124507 |
A developmental abnormality characterized by the complex protrusion of viscera outside the abdominal wall. |
C124508 |
“A congenital abnormality consisting of a fissure in the midline of the lip, hard and/or soft palate and upper jaw.” |
C124509 |
A congenital abnormality consisting of a fissure in the midline of the lip and upper jaw. |
C124510 |
“A congenital abnormality consisting of an opening or gap in the face, which results from incomplete fusion of one or more of the embryonic facial prominences.” |
C124511 |
“A congenital abnormality consisting of clefting in the jaw, which results from incomplete fusion of the embryonic mandibular prominence.” |
C124512 |
“A congenital abnormality consisting of clefting in the lower face through the midline of the lip and/or mandible, which results from incomplete fusion of the embryonic mandibular prominence.” |
C124513 |
A congenital abnormality consisting of a fissure in the midline of the upper jawbone. |
C124517 |
A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the cranium. |
C124518 |
“A congenital abnormality characterized by round or oval shaped defects in the membranous skull vault resulting in non-ossified, honey comb-like areas in the calvaria.” |
C124519 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the failure of the bones of the skull to close. |
C124520 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of a continuous layer of skin extending over the eyeballs and the absence of eyelids and the palpebral fissure. |
C124522 |
A rare congenital abnormality characterized by the failure of the embryonic prosencephalon to separate the eye orbit into two distinct cavities. Facial features tend to be absent although a proboscis has been seen to develop in conjunction. |
C124529 |
“A congenital abnormality characterized by the presence of holoprosencephaly, a proboscis, the absence of a nose and microphthalmic, close-set eyes.” |
C124531 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by the extrusion of the brain outside of the skull. |
C124532 |
An abnormal communication between the external auditory canal and the adjacent tissues. |
C124538 |
A developmental abnormality in which the bottom of the tongue is attached to the floor of the mouth. |
C124541 |
“A congenital abnormality characterized by incomplete development of one side of the vertebrae (arch and hemicentrum), resulting in spinal malformation.” |
C124543 |
A form of the neural tube defect spina bifida in which the entire spinal column is open. |
C124549 |
A rare neural tube defect characterized by extreme retroflexion of the head and severe defects of the spine. It is usually associated with other congenital anomalies. |
C124556 |
A congenital heart defect resulting from deficient growth or failure of fusion of the membranous component of the ventricular septum. |
C124557 |
A congenital neural tube closure defect resulting in the protrusion of the brain and meninges through a skull opening. |
C124558 |
“A congenital neural tube closure defect resulting in protrusion of the brain, the meninges, and the ventricular system through an opening in the skull, usually involving the squamous part of the occipital bone..” |
C124563 |
A congenital heart defect resulting from deficient growth or failure of fusion of the muscular component of the ventricular septum. |
C124568 |
“A fatal, congenital, anatomic defect of the head characterised by a total or near total absence of the lower jaw, resulting in the union or close approach of the ears on the ventral side of the neck.” |
C124569 |
“A congenital anatomic anomaly in which the aorta is positioned directly above a ventricular septal defect, thus receiving blood from both the right and left ventricles, resulting in an overall decrease In oxygenated haemoglobin and tissue cyanosis.” |
C124573 |
A congenital anatomic defect characterised by a facial cleft that extends from the mouth to the orbit of the eye. |
C124575 |
A condition consisting of possessing the internal reproductive organs of one sex while exhibiting some of the secondary sex characteristics of the opposite sex. |
C124578 |
A crease in the retina. |
C124580 |
“A congenital anatomic defect characterised by the presence of a proboscis-like nose located above the eyes, which are partially or completely fused.” |
C124586 |
A congenital fissure of both the thoracic and abdominal walls. |
C124587 |
A congenital fissure of the thoracic wall. |
C124589 |
A congenital anatomic anomaly in which the heart has only three chambers. |
C124591 |
A congenital anatomic anomaly in which the heart has only two chambers. |
C124837 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant or X-linked dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the KMT2D gene (also known as MLL2) or the KDM6A gene. It is characterized by distinctive facial features including arched eyebrows, long eyelashes, long palpebral fissures with the lower lids turned out at the outside edges, a flat nose, and large protruding earlobes, developmental delay and intellectual disability.” |
C124838 |
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate mapped to chromosome 6p24. |
C124839 |
“A rare, X-linked inherited syndrome characterized by mental retardation and additional features, which include choreoathetosis, hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker malformation, seizures, and iron or calcium deposition in the brain.” |
C124840 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome often caused by mutations in the SKI gene. It is characterized by premature fusion of skull bones and distinctive facial features, including a long, narrow head, hypertelorism, exophthalmos, downslanting palpebral fissures, a high, narrow palate, micrognathia, and low-set ears. The bodies of affected individuals resemble those of people with Marfan syndrome.” |
C124841 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by orofacial anomalies, metacarpal abnormalities with central polydactyly, and cerebellar dysgenesis.” |
C124842 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive syndrome caused by mutations in the SOX10, EDN3, or EDNRB genes. It is characterized by pigmentary abnormalities of the hair, skin, and eyes, congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and Hirschsprung disease.” |
C124844 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the DYM gene. It is characterized by abnormal skeletal development, microcephaly, and intellectual disability.” |
C124845 |
“A rare, X-linked recessive genetic disorder of glycerol metabolism caused by mutations or deletion in the GK gene. It results in deficiency of the enzyme glycerol kinase. It is characterized by elevated plasma and urine glycerol levels and neurometabolic manifestations which can cause life-threatening metabolic crisis in children.” |
C124846 |
“A rare genetic disorder characterized by hypotonia, failure to thrive, mental retardation, developmental disorders, congenital anomalies, and autism spectrum disorders. The majority of patients harbor a microduplication of chromosome 17p11.” |
C124851 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by the absence or severe reduction of circulating human serum albumin.” |
C124852 |
“A rare syndrome caused by deletion of genetic material in the short arm of chromosome 17. It is characterized by an abnormally smooth brain with fewer folds and grooves. It results in intellectual disability, developmental delay, seizures, spasticity, hypotonia, and feeding difficulties. Affected individuals have distinctive facial features that include a prominent forehead, midface hypoplasia, small, upturned nose, low-set ears, small jaw, and thick upper lip.” |
C124853 |
“A rare syndrome of unknown cause that occurs in females. It is characterized by underdeveloped or absent vagina and uterus in an otherwise phenotypically normal female with a normal 46,XX karyotype. Other abnormalities include unilateral renal agenesis, skeletal abnormalities, hearing loss, and heart defects.” |
C124947 |
Pulmonary edema that is not a result of cardiac dysfunction. |
C125383 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SCN9A gene, encoding sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha. It is characterized by episodes of recurrent warmth, redness, and burning sensations in the extremities.” |
C125384 |
“A rare, progressive chronic inflammation of a single cerebral hemisphere that usually affects children. It is characterized by severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis, and dementia.” |
C125385 |
“A very rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutations in the SCN9A gene. It is characterized by skin redness and flushing and attacks of severe pain. The pain attacks usually last seconds to minutes.” |
C125386 |
“A very rare, autosomal recessive inherited condition caused by mutations in the SCN9A gene. It is characterized by a lack of the ability to perceive physical pain.” |
C125387 |
A very rare severe form of epilepsy with poor prognosis that usually begins within a few weeks of birth. The seizure activity can appear in multiple locations in the brain or migrate from one region to another during an episode. It results in severe developmental delay. |
C125388 |
A very rare disorder caused by mutation in the SCN11A gene. Affected individuals are unable to experience pain since birth resulting in self-inflicted injuries. |
C125389 |
“Neuropathy caused by damage to the small myelinated (A-delta) fibers or unmyelinated C fibers in the peripheral nerves. It manifests with burning pain, shooting pain, allodynia, and hyperesthesia.” |
C125390 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation in the SCN11A gene. It is characterized by intense episodic pain mainly affecting the distal lower extremities in early childhood. The pain diminishes with age.” |
C125418 |
“A rare syndrome likely inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It is characterized by holoprosencephaly, polydactyly, phenotypic features reminiscent of trisomy 13, and normal karyotype.” |
C125419 |
“A rare disorder caused by mutation in the KIF22 gene. It is characterized by short stature, midface retrusion, progressive knee malalignment, generalized ligamentous laxity, and mild spinal deformity.” |
C125484 |
Partial or complete displacement of the crystalline lens from its normal position in the eye. |
C125485 |
A congenital abnormality characterized by an abnormally small cornea. The horizontal corneal diameter is less than 10mm or less than 9mm in newborns. It is associated with an increased risk of glaucoma. |
C125487 |
“An X-linked syndrome caused by mutations in the MID1 gene or autosomal dominant syndrome caused by changes in chromosome 22. It is characterized by ocular hypertelorism, and defects of the larynx, trachea, or esophagus. Most males have hypospadias, cryptorchidism, underdeveloped scrotum, or a scrotum divided into two lobes. Mild intellectual disability and developmental delays occur in approximately half of the affected individuals.” |
C125488 |
“A rare autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the ATR gene, RBBP8 gene, CENPJ gene, CEP152 gene, CEP63 gene, NIN gene, DNA2 gene, or TRAIP gene. It is characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, dwarfism, microcephaly, mental retardation, and a “”bird-headed”” facial appearance.” |
C125591 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, and a small, round, triangular shaped face with a pointed, receding chin, a broad, wide-tipped nose, and wide-set eyes with drooping eyelids.” |
C125592 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the TBX5 gene. It is characterized by skeletal abnormalities in the upper limbs and heart abnormalities.” |
C125593 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder characterized by high levels of pipecolic acid in the blood, leading to neuropathy and hepatomegaly.” |
C125594 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant inherited bone growth disorder caused by mutations in the COL2A1gene. It is characterized by short stature (dwarfism) and other skeletal abnormalities, round, flat face with bulging and wide-set eyes, myopia and retinal detachment that can lead to blindness.” |
C125595 |
“A lysosomal storage disease characterized by multiple bone formation abnormalities, progressive joint stiffness, developmental abnormalities, hearing loss, hepatosplenomegaly, increased acne, enlarged tongue, and cornea clouding due to accumulation of lipid substances.” |
C125596 |
An autosomal recessive inherited lysosomal storage disease characterized by excessive intracellular accumulation and urinary excretion of sialic acid associated with neuraminidase deficiency. |
C125597 |
A rare anatomical malformation characterized by polydactyly (extra fingers or toes) and syndactyly (webbed fingers or toes). |
C125598 |
“A rare disorder caused by mutations in the DLL3 gene, MESP2 gene, LFNG gene, or HES7 gene. It is characterized by abnormal development of bones in the spine and ribs.” |
C125599 |
“A rare syndrome caused by mutations in the EZH2 gene, and rarely mutations in the NSD1 gene. It is characterized by advanced bone age, foot deformities, permanently bent joints, macrocephaly, flattened back of the head, a broad forehead, hypertelorism, large, low-set ears, micrognathia, delayed development of motor skills, and mild intellectual disability.” |
C125661 |
A rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutation in CNDP1 gene. It is characterized by deficiency of carnosinase and manifests with severe mental defects and myoclonic seizures. |
C125662 |
“Spontaneous or traumatic separation of the layers of the carotid artery wall. It manifests with headache, neck pain, temporary vision loss, and/or ischemic stroke.” |
C125663 |
“A progressive, fatal autosomal recessive disorder. It results from a defect in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. It manifests with growth retardation, microcephaly, hypertonicity, axial hypotonia, encephalopathy, cardiomyopathy, and liver dysfunction.” |
C125664 |
Loss of the ability to perceive and process pain. |
C125665 |
“A rare X-linked inherited disorder. It is caused by mutations in the SLC6A8 gene resulting in the absence of a compound needed to transport creatine into cells. It manifests with intellectual disability, seizures, short stature, and midface hypoplasia.” |
C125693 |
An extremely rare iron overload disorder caused by mutation in the structural gene for transferrin (TF gene). It is characterized by hypochromic microcytic anemia and hemosiderosis. |
C125694 |
“An extremely rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the ABCG5 or ABCG8 genes. It is characterized by a defective sterolin transporter that impairs the elimination of plant sterols and, to a lesser degree, cholesterol from the body. These fatty substances build up in the tissues including arteries and skin, resulting in atherosclerosis and xanthomas.” |
C125695 |
“A progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a disruption in the connection between the striatum and the substantia nigra. It is a type of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Signs and symptoms include rigidity, instability, impaired speech, and slow movements.” |
C125696 |
“A classic type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome resulting from autosomal dominant mutation(s) in the COL5A1 gene, encoding collagen alpha-1(V) chain.” |
C125697 |
“A classic type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome resulting from autosomal dominant mutation(s) in the COL5A2 gene, encoding collagen alpha-2(V) chain.” |
C125698 |
“Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type III is the hypermobility type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. In most cases, the cause is unknown. Mutations in the TNXB gene have been found in a very small percentage of cases.” |
C125699 |
“Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type IV is the vascular type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. It results from mutations in the COL3A1 gene.” |
C125700 |
“Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type VI is the kyphoscoliosis type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. It results from mutations in the PLOD1 gene.” |
C125701 |
“Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, type VII includes the arthrochalasia type (types VIIA and VIIB) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and the dermatosparaxis type (type VIIC) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. The arthrochalasia type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is caused by mutations in the COL1A1 gene or the COL1A2 gene. The dermatosparaxis type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is caused by mutations in the ADAMTS2 gene.” |
C125702 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCA gene. FANCA gene mutations are the most common cause of Fanconi anemia. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. |
C125703 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCB gene. This gene encodes the protein for complementation group B. |
C125704 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCC gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that delays the onset of apoptosis and promotes homologous recombination repair of damaged DNA. |
C125705 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the BRCA2 gene. |
C125706 |
“Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCD2 gene. This gene is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, both by homologous recombination and single-strand annealing.” |
C125707 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCF gene. This gene encodes a polypeptide with homology to the prokaryotic RNA-binding protein ROM. |
C125708 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCG gene. |
C125709 |
Fanconi anemia caused by mutations of the FANCE gene. This is a protein coding gene. It is required for the nuclear accumulation of FANCC and provides a critical bridge between the FA complex and FANCD2. |
C125711 |
“A syndrome caused by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. It manifests with fever, weight loss, and fluid retention in the legs or abdomen. Patients are at risk of developing KSHV-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma.” |
C125712 |
“A syndrome that occurs in a proportion of patients with HIV infection and Kaposi sarcoma after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. It is characterized by a deterioration in their clinical status, despite control of virologic and immunologic parameters.” |
C125715 |
“The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia-related after a period of remission.” |
C125890 |
A morphologic variant of glioblastoma characterized by the presence of a highly proliferative and monotonous population of malignant small glial cells. |
C125904 |
“High-grade B-cell lymphoma characterized by the abnormal rearrangement of two genes, MYC gene and either BCL2 or BCL6 genes. Patients with this type of lymphoma usually respond poorly to standard treatments and have a poor prognosis.” |
C126109 |
A carcinoma that arises from the urothelium and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C126110 |
An acute undifferentiated leukemia that occurs in infancy. |
C126111 |
An acute biphenotypic leukemia that occurs in infancy. |
C126112 |
A T acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in infancy. |
C126290 |
“A condition of decreased or absent presence of telomerase RNA component. Deficiency of telomerase RNA component is associated with autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenita 1, telomere-related pulmonary fibrosis, and bone marrow failure 2.” |
C126291 |
“A condition of decreased or absent presence of telomerase reverse transcriptase. Deficiency of this protein is associated with autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenital 2, autosomal recessive dyskeratosis congenita 4, telomere-related pulmonary fibrosis, and bone marrow failure 1.” |
C126292 |
“A condition of decreased or absent presence of perforin. Deficiency of this protein is associated with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, aplastic anemia, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis familial type 2, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and other lymphoproliferative disorders, including various forms of lymphoma.” |
C126293 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence of protein unc-13 homolog D. Deficiency of this protein is associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 3. |
C126294 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence of syntaxin-binding protein 2. Deficiency of this protein is associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5. |
C126295 |
“An X-linked lymphoproliferative disorder caused by mutations in the XIAP gene. Clinical manifestations include hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (often associated with EBV), dysgammaglobulinemia, and inflammatory bowel disease. Patients are at an increased risk of developing lymphoma, typically B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.” |
C126296 |
A condition of compromised immune function resulting from an uncharacterized defect. |
C126303 |
“A rare, cytologically high grade carcinoma that arises from the renal parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of prominently dilated cystic spaces in a bland, fibrotic stroma. The lining cells have large irregular nuclei with prominent nucleoli and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Necrosis and mitotic figures are not present. It rarely metastasizes.” |
C126306 |
The reemergence of glioblastoma after a period of remission. |
C126307 |
The reemergence of bladder urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C126308 |
A non-invasive clear cell adenofibromatous neoplasm that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of atypia in the glandular epithelium. |
C126309 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in adulthood and does not respond to treatment. |
C126310 |
“A non-metastasizing cystic mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous.” |
C126311 |
“A non-metastasizing mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous and prominent fibrous stroma..” |
C126321 |
A rare usually bilateral luteinized thecoma that arises from the ovary and is associated with sclerosing peritonitis. It occurs mostly in premenopausal women. The ovarian tumor is benign but patients may develop intestinal obstruction due to the sclerosing peritonitis. |
C126322 |
A retiform Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of an epithelial and/or mesenchymal heterologous component. |
C126323 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction and is composed of malignant large cells. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20%. |
C126324 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction. It is composed of malignant small or large cells. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20%. |
C126325 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction and is composed of malignant small cells. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20%. |
C126326 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the ESCO2 gene. It is characterized by limb and facial abnormalities and slow growth. Intellectual impairment occurs in approximately half of the affected individuals.” |
C126327 |
“A syndrome characterized by congenital, bilateral, severe sensorineural hearing loss, abnormalities in the vestibular system, and adolescent-onset retinitis pigmentosa.” |
C126328 |
“A syndrome characterized by congenital, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that is mild to moderate in the low frequencies and severe to profound in the higher frequencies, no abnormalities in the vestibular system, and retinitis pigmentosa.” |
C126329 |
“A syndrome characterized by postlingual progressive hearing loss, abnormalities in the vestibular system, and onset of retinitis pigmentosa symptoms usually by the second decade of life.” |
C126330 |
“An X-linked recessive inherited movement disorder caused by mutations in and near the TAF1 gene. It is found only in people of Filipino descent. It is characterized by parkinsonism and later in life the development of involuntary, sustained muscle contractions.” |
C126331 |
A rare benign mesothelial tumor that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of gland-like structures. |
C126336 |
“An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MAGT1 gene, encoding magnesium transporter protein 1. It is characterized by CD4 lymphopenia, defective T-cell activation and susceptibility to severe chronic viral infections, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which may lead to the development of EBV-associated B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.” |
C126337 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of interferon gamma receptor 1. Deficiency of this protein is associated with immunodeficiency 27A and immunodeficiency 27B. |
C126338 |
“A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1. Deficiency of this protein is associated with Omenn syndrome, severe combined immunodeficiency, b cell-negative, combined cellular and humoral immune defects with granulomas, and alpha/beta T-cell lymphopenia with gamma/delta T-cell expansion, severe cytomegalovirus infection, and autoimmunity.” |
C126339 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of phosphoglucomutase 3. Deficiency of this protein is associated with immunodeficiency 23. |
C126341 |
“A genetic condition caused by mutation(s) in the CTLA4 gene, encoding cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 is an inhibitory receptor acting as a negative regulator of T-cells, and two functional copies of the gene are required for normal immune function. Clinically, it may be characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly, and autoimmune disorders. Mutations(s) in CTLA4 are also associated with autoimmune lymphoproli… |
C126342 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein. Deficiency of this protein is associated with hyper-IgE syndrome. |
C126343 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of dedicator of cytokinesis protein 8. Deficiency of this protein is associated with autosomal recessive hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome. |
C126344 |
“An autosomal recessive immunodeficiency caused but mutation(s) in the ITK gene, encoding tyrosine-protein kinase ITK/TSK. It is characterized by the early childhood onset of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated immune dysregulation leading to lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and/or hypogammaglobulinemia.” |
C126347 |
“A disorder characterized by abnormal inflammation of various tissues, particularly the blood vessels, with intermittent. fevers, areas of net-like, mottled skin discoloration (livedo racemosa), hepatosplenomegaly, and recurrent strokes.” |
C126348 |
“An EBV-positive T-cell/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by repeated infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, a very high titer of anti-EBV antibodies, and high levels of Epstein-Barr virus nucleic acids. Patients often develop progressive cellular and humoral immunodeficiency with pancytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia.” |
C126349 |
A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 protein. Deficiency of this protein is associated with immunodeficiency 21 and autosomal dominant and sporadic monocytopenia and mycobacterial infection syndrome (MonoMAC). |
C126351 |
“Chronic eosinophilic leukemia characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts.” |
C126352 |
Dyskeratosis congenita inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. It is caused by mutations in the DKC1 gene. |
C126353 |
A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It is characterized by high-grade histopathologic features. |
C126354 |
A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It is characterized by low-grade histopathologic features. |
C126356 |
A desmoplastic small round cell tumor that occurs in the abdominal and/or pelvic peritoneum. |
C126357 |
“A rare, usually benign fibroblastic neoplasm that arises from the peritoneum. It is characterized by the presence of prominent hemangiopericytoma-like vessels.” |
C126358 |
“Fibromatosis that occurs in the pelvis. It affects almost always females. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern. It recurs if incompletely resected but lacks metastatic potential.” |
C126359 |
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor that arises from the abdominal cavity. |
C126360 |
A benign condition characterized by the presence of peritoneal implants composed of mature glial tissue. It is usually accompanied by an ovarian teratoma. |
C126408 |
“A thyroid gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of cribriform, trabecular, follicular, papillary, and solid growth patterns and squamoid morulae formation. It may occur with familial adenomatous polyposis or sporadically.” |
C126409 |
A rare variant of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of eosinophilic large cells lining the papillae and a brisk lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in the papillary stalks. |
C126410 |
“A rare morphologic variant of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of abundant and cellular stroma resembling nodular fasciitis, fibromatosis, or other proliferative myofibroblastic processes. (WHO)” |
C126449 |
A non-invasive serous carcinoma arising from the fallopian tube. |
C126456 |
A rapidly growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of high-grade cytologic features and frequent mitotic figures. |
C126457 |
A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures. |
C126461 |
Benign proliferation of the fallopian tube epithelium. |
C126462 |
An abscess involving the distal fallopian tube and ovary. It is caused by pelvic inflammatory disease or other infections. |
C126464 |
An exceedingly rare lymphoma that arises from the fallopian tube. |
C126465 |
A carcinoma that arises from the head and neck and has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C126469 |
A rare non-invasive tumor that arises from the broad ligament. It is characterized by the presence of serous epithelial cell proliferation and cytological atypia. |
C126476 |
A rare serous cystadenoma arising from the broad ligament. |
C126477 |
A rare serous cystadenofibroma arising from the broad ligament. |
C126478 |
A rare serous adenofibroma arising from the broad ligament. |
C126479 |
A rare serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the broad ligament. |
C126480 |
A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the broad ligament. It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures. |
C126493 |
“A neoplasm that arises from the broad or other uterine ligaments and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C126498 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the broad or other uterine ligaments. |
C126558 |
A rare disorder caused by mutation in the LMF1 gene resulting in combined lipase deficiency with concomitant hypertriglyceridemia and associated disorders. |
C126559 |
“A rare disorder characterized by rigid, thick skin that covers the entire body and affects movements. The movement of the chest and abdomen is severely restricted. Affected individuals develop respiratory insufficiency which may lead to death.” |
C126560 |
“A bone growth disorder inherited in a pseudoautosomal dominant pattern caused by mutations in the SHOX gene. It is characterized by short long bones in the arms and legs, short stature, and abnormalities of the wrist and forearm bones which may cause pain and limit wrist movement.” |
C126561 |
“An autosomal recessive inherited lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the SMPD1 gene. It manifests with hepatosplenomegaly, failure to thrive, psychomotor regression, and interstitial lung disease.” |
C126562 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the ATXN7 gene. It is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, including dysarthria and dysphagia, cone-rod and retinal dystrophy, and progressive central visual loss resulting in blindness.” |
C126566 |
“An X-linked dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the FMR1 gene. It is a late onset disorder, usually occurring after age 50. It affects males more frequently than females. It is characterized by abnormalities in the cerebellum and white matter. It manifests with intention tremor, ataxia, and cognitive disabilities. The symptoms worsen with age.” |
C126594 |
An encapsulated or nonencapsulated variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the predominance of follicular structures. The malignant follicular cells display the nuclear features that characterize the papillary adenocarcinomas of the thyroid gland. |
C126598 |
A non-invasive neoplasm of thyroid follicular cells with a follicular growth pattern and nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma that has an extremely low malignant potential. These tumors were formerly classified as non-invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma or well-differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential. (WHO) |
C126650 |
“An autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by mutation(s) in the PRRT2 gene, encoding proline-rich transmembrane protein 2. It is characterized by epileptic seizures and paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis. It shares features with episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia-1, which is an allelic disorder.” |
C126651 |
An autosomal dominant inherited cardiac bundle branch disorder which can progress to complete heart block. |
C126688 |
“A usually autosomal dominant inherited movement disorder caused by mutations in the COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3 genes. It is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and joint stiffness in the fingers, wrists, elbows, and ankles.” |
C126689 |
“A myopathy inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern, caused by mutations in the DNM2, BIN1, and TTN genes. Microscopically there is central displacement of the nucleus in muscle cells. It is characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy in the skeletal muscles.” |
C126690 |
An autosomal recessive inherited congenital muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT2 gene. It is characterized by mental retardation and mild structural brain abnormalities resulting from defective glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan. |
C126691 |
“An inherited muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the SEPN1 gene. It is characterized by severe limitation in flexion of the dorsolumbar and cervical spine, due to contracture of the spinal extensors. It leads to loss of movement of the spine and the thoracic cage.” |
C126692 |
“A syndrome caused by duplication of chromosome 15q11-q13. It is characterized by autism, mental retardation, ataxia, seizures, developmental delays, and behavioral problems.” |
C126738 |
“An X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the PGK1 gene. Clinical manifestations include hemolytic anemia, myopathy, and neurologic involvement.” |
C126739 |
“An autosomal recessive inherited limb-girdle muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the gene encoding fukutin-related protein (FKRP). It is characterized by variable age at onset, normal cognition, and no structural brain changes.” |
C126740 |
“An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMGNT1 gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and death usually in the first years of life.” |
C126741 |
“An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the gene encoding fukutin (FKTN). It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, seizures, and mental retardation.” |
C126742 |
An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT2 gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations and profound mental retardation. |
C126743 |
“An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the LARGE gene. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and death usually in the first years of life.” |
C126744 |
“A rare syndrome caused by mutations in the LONP1 gene. It is characterized by developmental delay, cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular, and skeletal abnormalities.” |
C126745 |
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and caused by mutations in the LMNA gene. |
C126746 |
“A rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the NGLY1 gene. It is characterized by developmental delay, hypotonia, abnormal involuntary movements, poor tear production, microcephaly, intractable seizures, abnormal eye movements, and liver abnormalities.” |
C126747 |
“An X-linked inherited syndrome caused by duplication or triplication of the gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 (MECP2). It is characterized by mental retardation, infantile hypotonia, mild dysmorphic features, poor speech development, autistic features, seizures, progressive spasticity, and recurrent infections.” |
C126748 |
Acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the presence of a FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation. Patients with this mutation usually present with more aggressive disease and have higher rates of relapse after remission. |
C126750 |
A high-grade carcinoma that arises from the oropharynx. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells which bear minimal resemblance to the cells from which they arose. |
C126751 |
A high-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the oropharynx. It is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant amount of cytoplasm forming lobules with peripheral palisading. |
C126769 |
A carcinoma that arises from the endometrium and is characterized by the presence of an undifferentiated carcinomatous component and a second component of either FIGO grade 1 or 2 endometrioid carcinoma. |
C126771 |
“An epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the uterine corpus. It includes neuroendocrine tumor G1 (carcinoid tumor), small cell carcinoma pulmonary type, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.” |
C126772 |
“A high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the endometrium. It is composed of large polygonal cells arranged in well-demarcated nests, trabeculae or cords with peripheral palisading.” |
C126773 |
“A very rare, well-differentiated, low-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus.” |
C126806 |
Myelofibrosis that develops in a patient with history of essential thrombocythemia. |
C126864 |
“Type C Niemann-Pick disease associated with a mutation in the gene NPC1, encoding Niemann-Pick C1 protein.” |
C126865 |
“Type C Niemann-Pick disease associated with a mutation in the gene NPC2, encoding Niemann-Pick C2 protein.” |
C126866 |
“An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the SMPD1 gene, encoding sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase. The condition is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and interstitial lung disease, but with little neurological involvement. It is part of a continuum of disease resulting from decrease activity of sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, with Type B being the milder form.” |
C126868 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation subtype caused by mutation(s) in the PMM2 gene, encoding phosphomannomutase 2.” |
C126869 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation sub-type caused by mutation(s) in the ALG6 gene, encoding dolichyl pyrophosphate Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase.” |
C126870 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation subtype caused by mutation(s) in the ALG3 gene, encoding dol-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase.” |
C126871 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation sub-type caused by mutation(s) in the DPM1 gene, encoding dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 1.” |
C126872 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation sub-type caused by mutation(s) in the MPDU1 gene, encoding mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1 protein.” |
C126873 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation sub-type caused by mutation(s) in the ALG12 gene, dol-P-Man:Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase.” |
C126874 |
“A congenital disorder of glycosylation sub-type caused by mutation(s) in the DPAGT1 gene, encoding UDP-N-acetylglucosamine–dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase.” |
C126875 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of glycogen storage disease caused by mutation(s) in the PYGL gene, encoding glycogen phosphorylase, liver form. The condition is characterized by mild-moderate hypoglycemia, growth retardation and hepatomegaly.” |
C126876 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation (s) in the SHOX gene, encoding short stature homeobox protein. The condition is characterized by shortening of the bones of the middle segments of the limbs.” |
C126877 |
“An extremely rare skin disorder usually inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and caused by mutation(s) in the TMC6 or TMC8 gene, encoding transmembrane channel-like protein 6 and transmembrane channel-like protein 8, respectively. It is characterized by chronic human papillomavirus infection. Patients develop papillomatous wart-like lesions and pigmented plaques on the skin. It predisposes to cutaneous carcinomas, especially in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas.” |
C126975 |
A variant of leiomyoma arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by conspicuous zonal edema. Hyalinization may also be present. |
C126998 |
“A rare, high-grade sarcoma that arises from the endometrial stroma. It is characterized by round cell morphology. It was previously also known as undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. In 2014, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was reclassified and is currently considered a distinct and rare neoplasm. It appears to have a prognosis that falls between low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma.” |
C127005 |
A usually benign neoplasm that arises from the uterine corpus. It resembles ovarian sex cord tumors. It lacks a component of recognizable endometrial stroma and the JAZF1-SUZ12 fusion which is characteristic of the endometrial stromal neoplasms. |
C127048 |
A precancerous lesion characterized by the presence of atypical glandular epithelial features in foci of endometriosis. Atypical endometriosis has been observed in contiguity with carcinomas. |
C127058 |
A rare malignant heterologous neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the uterine corpus. It usually manifests with vaginal bleeding. The prognosis is poor. |
C127071 |
A benign neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation arising from the uterine corpus. It is characterized by the absence of pleomorphism and scarcity or absence of mitotic figures. It usually affects perimenopausal women. Patients present with a pelvic mass or abnormal bleeding. |
C127072 |
“A malignant neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation arising from the uterine corpus. The neoplasm is usually a large size, and charcaterized by the presence of marked nuclear atypia, pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity, necrosis, and infiltrative margins. The most common metastatic sites are lungs, lymph nodes, and bone. Patients present with a pelvic mass or abnormal bleeding.” |
C127077 |
A benign or malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the uterine corpus. Representative examples include teratoma and yolk sac tumor. |
C127153 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C127155 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C127156 |
A solid neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C127159 |
Cushing syndrome as a result of increased glucocorticoids due to medical therapy. |
C127164 |
“A subtype of adrenal hyperplasia, based on histopathologic features, in which there are multiple nodules.” |
C127165 |
“Adrenal hyperfunction associated with multiple bilateral adrenal nodules, usually less than one centimeter in diameter.” |
C127166 |
“Adrenal hyperfunction associated with multiple bilateral adrenal nodules, usually more than one centimeter in diameter.” |
C127167 |
“Difference of sex development characterized by the presence of ovarian and testicular tissue in the same individual. The clinical manifestations of the condition, which can be associated with 46,XX, 46,XY or 46,XX/46,XY mosaic karyotype, are variable.” |
C127168 |
A condition affecting gonadal and/or internal and/or external reproductive/genital development in which there is an atypical number of sex chromosomes (i.e. fewer or greater than the typical 2 X chromosomes or 1 X and 1 Y chromosome). |
C127169 |
“Conditions affecting individuals with 46,XX karyotype characterized by atypical development of one or more of the following: the gonads, the internal reproductive structures, the external reproductive/genital structures.” |
C127170 |
“Presence of testes in an individual with a 46,XX karyotype, typically associated with translocation of the SRY gene, encoding the transcription factor sex-determining region Y protein, from the paternal Y chromosome to the paternal X chromosome during gametogenesis (SRY-positive). Approximately 15-20% of individuals with 46,XX testicular DSD are SRY-negative. These individuals may have other genetic variations affecting testis determination, such as duplication of the SOX9 gene, which encod… |
C127171 |
“Differences of sex development in individuals with 46,XY karyotype.” |
C127172 |
“The presence of ovarian and testicular tissue in the an individual with 46,XX karyotype. The anatomical expression of this condition is variable.” |
C127173 |
“The presence of ovarian and testicular tissue in the an individual with 46,XY karyotype. The anatomical expression of this condition is variable.” |
C127174 |
“Ovotesticular differences of sex development in individuals with 46,XY/46,XX mosaic karyotype.” |
C127194 |
A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that produces both growth hormone and prolactin. |
C127816 |
“A group of malignant gliomas that includes anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, and anaplastic ependymoma.” |
C127823 |
An abnormal communication between the skin and the pharynx. |
C127824 |
An abnormal communication between the skin and the oral cavity. |
C127825 |
An erosion through the tracheal wall into an artery. |
C127840 |
The reemergence of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia after a period of remission. |
C127907 |
“A cervical adenocarcinoma in which 0-50% of malignant cells contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It is the most common subtype of cervical adenocarcinoma and represents 75% of all invasive cervical adenocarcinomas. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei. Historically, usual-type cervical adenocarcinomas were termed “”endocervical-type””.” |
C127915 |
A carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of a cervical adenocarcinoma variant and a neuroendocrine carcinoma component. |
C127931 |
A benign endocervical gland proliferation characterized by the presence of closely packed glands composed of columnar to cuboidal cells with subnuclear mucin vacuoles. It is associated with progestins or pregnancy. |
C127932 |
Lobular proliferations of benign-appearing small to moderate sized endocervical glands in the inner half of the cervical stroma. The glands are lined by columnar epithelial cells which contain pyloric gland-type mucin. There is minimal atypia and mitotic figures are rare. Some cases have been associated with adenocarcinoma in situ/high grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia and gastric-type adenocarcinomas. |
C127933 |
“A benign band-like proliferation of tightly-packed, small to medium sized endocervical glands below the surface of the endocervical canal.” |
C127935 |
The presence of embryonic remnants of mesonephric ducts in the cervix and their benign hyperplastic proliferations. |
C127956 |
“A major congenital anomaly is a structural or functional defect with the following three characteristics: 1) Of prenatal origin; 2) Present at the time of live birth or fetal demise, or in utero; 3) Affecting (or has the propensity to affect) the health, survival, or physical or cognitive functioning of the individual.” |
C128041 |
“A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the cervix. This category includes neuroendocrine tumor grade 1, neuroendocrine tumor grade 2, and neuroendocrine carcinoma (small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma).” |
C128043 |
“A well-differentiated, low-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the cervix.” |
C128044 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the cervix.” |
C128045 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the cervix. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. |
C128046 |
An uncommon benign smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from the cervix. |
C128047 |
A malignant neoplasm with smooth muscle differentiation arising from the cervix. |
C128048 |
A rare malignant neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the cervix. |
C128049 |
A highly aggressive malignant vascular neoplasm that arises from the cervix and shows endothelial cell differentiation. |
C128050 |
A rare malignant neoplasm with nerve sheath differentiation arising from the cervix. |
C128051 |
“A rare, benign, non-neoplastic reactive lesion that develops in the cervix at the site of a prior operative procedure. It is composed of spindle cells, small blood vessels, and chronic inflammation.” |
C128053 |
A rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the cervix. |
C128054 |
A rare sarcoma that arises from the cervix. |
C128055 |
“A yolk sac tumor that arises from the cervix. Patients present with abnormal vaginal bleeding and a polypoid, friable mass, protruding into the vagina.” |
C128060 |
A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vagina resembling transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. |
C128061 |
A rare benign lesion that arises from the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of squamous epithelial and tubular structures in a fibrovascular stroma. |
C128064 |
Endometriosis that affects the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial stroma with or without endometrial-type glands in the vagina. |
C128073 |
A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vagina. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. |
C128075 |
“A rare aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant cytoplasm, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli.” |
C128079 |
“An uncommon, benign, well circumscribed mesenchymal neoplasm that grows beneath the vaginal epithelium. It is characterized by the presence of cells containing bland ovoid, spindle, or stellate-shaped nuclei in a collagenous stroma.” |
C128080 |
A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the vagina. |
C128081 |
“A category of staging terms for ovarian cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), 2014. AJCC ovarian cancer stage terms from the 6th and 7th editions that are synonymous to the FIGO ovarian cancer staging classification of 2014 are included as preferred terms.” |
C128082 |
Stage IC ovarian cancer with surgical spill. (FIGO 2014) |
C128083 |
Stage IC ovarian cancer with capsule rupture before surgery or tumor on ovarian surface. (FIGO 2014) |
C128084 |
Stage IC ovarian cancer with malignant cells in the ascites or peritoneal washings. (FIGO 2014) |
C128085 |
Ovarian cancer involving one or both ovaries with pelvic extension (below the pelvic brim) or primary peritoneal cancer. (FIGO 2014) |
C128086 |
Ovarian cancer involving 1 or both ovaries with cytologically or histologically confirmed spread to the peritoneum outside the pelvis and/or metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. (FIGO 2014) |
C128087 |
Ovarian cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes and/or microscopic metastasis beyond the pelvis. (FIGO 2014) |
C128088 |
Ovarian cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only. (FIGO 2014) |
C128089 |
Ovarian cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only. Metastasis equal or less than 10 mm. (FIGO 2014) |
C128090 |
Ovarian cancer with positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only. Metastasis greater than 10 mm. (FIGO 2014) |
C128091 |
“Ovarian cancer with microscopic, extrapelvic (above the brim) peritoneal involvement +/- positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. (FIGO 2014)” |
C128092 |
“Ovarian cancer with macroscopic, extrapelvic, peritoneal metastasis equal or less than 2 cm +/- positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Includes extension to capsule of liver/spleen. (FIGO 2014)” |
C128093 |
“Ovarian cancer with macroscopic, extrapelvic, peritoneal metastasis greater than 2 cm +/- positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Includes extension to capsule of liver/spleen. (FIGO 2014)” |
C128094 |
Ovarian cancer with pleural effusion with positive cytology. (FIGO 2014) |
C128095 |
“Ovarian cancer with hepatic and/or splenic parenchymal metastasis, metastasis to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside of the abdominal cavity). (FIGO 2014)” |
C128106 |
A category of staging terms for ovarian cancer according to the American Joint Committee on cancer (AJCC) 6th and 7th editions. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) ovarian cancer staging terms prior to 2014 are included in this category if synonymous with the AJCC terms. |
C128108 |
“Chronic degenerative changes in the kidney characterized by thickened and inflamed glomeruli and proteinurea, the cause of which is unknown.” |
C128110 |
“Nephrotic syndrome in which there is a relapse occurring less than twice in the first six months, or less than four times in a year.” |
C128111 |
“A rare, benign, non-neoplastic reactive lesion that develops in the vagina at the site of a prior operative procedure. It is composed of spindle cells, small blood vessels, and chronic inflammation.” |
C128112 |
A germ tumor that arises from the vagina. |
C128113 |
A rare benign cystic teratoma that arises from the vagina. It presents as a slow growing cyst in the vaginal wall that contains sebaceous material and hair. The cyst is lined by squamous epithelium. Skin adnexal structures and sometimes smooth and skeletal muscle are present. |
C128114 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the LDLRAP1 gene, encoding low density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1. The phenotype is similar to that of familial hypercholesterolemia, but generally considered to be a milder form of hypercholesterolemia.” |
C128115 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the COL11A1 gene, encoding collagen alpha-1(XI) chain. The syndrome may be characterized by facial dysmorphism, cataracts, myopia, hearing loss, and short stature. Mutation(s) in the COL11A1 gene are causative in Stickler syndrome, but the phenotype of Marshall syndrome is more mild.” |
C128116 |
“A condition associated with mutation(s) in the DNAJC5 gene, encoding dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 5. The condition is one of a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by accumulation of intracellular lipopigments.” |
C128117 |
“An autosomal recessive primary ciliary motility defect caused by mutation(s) in the DNAI1 gene, encoding dynein intermediate chain 1, axonemal.” |
C128118 |
“An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT1 gene, encoding protein O-mannosyl-transferase 1. It is associated with characteristic brain and eye malformations, profound mental retardation, and early death.” |
C128119 |
|
C128142 |
An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium associated with HPV infection. It is characterized by maturation abnormalities and nuclear hyperchromasia that are confined to the basement membrane. |
C128143 |
“Crescentic glomerulonephritis, the cause of which is unknown.” |
C128144 |
Membranous nephropathy due to another medical condition. |
C128145 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the LAMB2 gene, encoding laminin subunit beta-2. It is characterized by congenital nephrotic syndrome with diffuse mesangial sclerosis and distinct ocular abnormalities.” |
C128146 |
Ischemic necrosis of the kidney caused by interruption of the blood supply to the area. |
C128162 |
A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of morphological features identical to those seen in breast adenocarcinomas. |
C128164 |
A rare adenocarcinoma arising from vulvar skin sweat glands. |
C128165 |
A rare malignant phyllodes tumor arising from the vulva. |
C128166 |
A rare vulvar mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles a large intestinal adenocarcinoma. |
C128167 |
A keratoacanthoma that arises from the vulva. It grows rapidly and may regress spontaneously. It is considered a variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with distinct clinical behavior. |
C128171 |
An adenoma that arises from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of severe epithelial dysplasia. |
C128187 |
“A group of genetic disorders characterized by elevated urinary concentrations of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Three different types have been identified based on the steroisomeric composition of the elevated alpha-hydroxyglutaric acid metabolites. Additionally, the disease may be categorized by the genetic mutation that is causative. Genes associated with 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria are L2HGDH, D2HGDH, IDH2, and/or SLC25A1. Generally, there is nervous system involvement, but the clinical manifest… |
C128188 |
“Sex reversal in an individual with 46,XY karyotype caused by point mutations or deletions in the SRY gene, encoding sex-determining region Y protein.” |
C128189 |
“A common generalized epilepsy syndrome occurring in children, characterized by absence seizures of short duration. The cause of the syndrome is presumed to be genetic. Genes which are associated with the condition include GABRB3, GABRG2, GABRA1, CACNA1H, and ECA1.” |
C128190 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the SI gene, encoding sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal. The condition is characterized by malabsorption and osmotic diarrhea.” |
C128191 |
“An autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutation(s) in the FOXC2 gene, encoding forkhead box protein C2. The condition is characterized by lymphedema and distichiasis.” |
C128192 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutation(s) in the BUB1B gene, encoding mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase B. The condition is characterized by a predisposition to mitotic non-disjunction, resulting in a high percentage of aneuploid cells. The phenotype is variable and there is a predisposition to cancer.” |
C128193 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutation(s) in the GSS gene, encoding glutathione synthetase. Mutation(s) in the same gene is causative in hemolytic anemia due to glutathione synthetase deficiency, with the more severe condition causing elevated urinary concentrations of 5-oxoproline and central nervous system damage in addition to hemolytic anemia.” |
C128240 |
“A benign glandular neoplasm that arises from the vulva. It presents as a mass or cystic lesion in or adjacent to the interlabial sulcus. It is characterized by the presence of complex branching papillae with fibrovascular stalks, lined by uniform columnar epithelial secretory cells and myoepithelial cells.” |
C128241 |
Nodular/lobular proliferation of normal Bartholin gland tissue and ducts. |
C128242 |
A benign epithelial-stromal neoplasm that arises from the vulva and resembles the breast fibroadenoma. |
C128243 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vulva are Merkel cell carcinomas. |
C128244 |
A rare small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. |
C128245 |
A high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells. |
C128247 |
A Merkel cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It usually presents as a cutaneous nodular lesion. Most small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vulva are Merkel cell carcinomas. |
C128265 |
Abnormally low concentration of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the blood. |
C128270 |
“An uncommon benign neoplasm of the vulva, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes.” |
C128271 |
A lipoma of the vulva with a predominant fibrous component. |
C128272 |
An uncommon benign polypoid or nodular mesenchymal neoplasm that arises in the vulvar region. It is characterized by the presence of oval or spindle-shaped cells in a collagenous stroma and is separated from the epidermis by a variably thick Grenz zone. |
C128273 |
An extremely rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of the vulva exhibiting skeletal muscle differentiation with an alveolar pattern. |
C128289 |
“A benign, atypical, or dysplastic melanocytic nevus that arises from the vulva.” |
C128294 |
A rare germ cell tumor that arises from the vulva. |
C128295 |
A rare yolk sac tumor that arises from the vulva. |
C128321 |
An infectious disorder that occurs in childhood. |
C128322 |
An abscess that develops in the space surrounding one or both palatine tonsils. |
C128323 |
An abscess that develops in the soft tissues of the lateral pharyngeal space. |
C128324 |
An abscess that develops in the soft tissues behind the posterior pharyngeal wall. |
C128325 |
An abscess that develops in the tissues within the prevertebral fascia. |
C128326 |
An abscess within the abdomen. |
C128327 |
An abscess that is located in the anatomical space between the diaphragm and the liver and/or spleen. |
C128328 |
“An abscess that is located in any part of the tissue composing the mesentery, and that generally arises from an infection in an adjacent area of the intestine.” |
C128329 |
“An abscess that is located in the anatomical space surrounding the liver, but which is outside of the liver capsule itself.” |
C128330 |
An abscess that is located in the abdominal cavity posterior to the peritoneum. |
C128331 |
An abscess that is located in the pelvic cavity. |
C128332 |
A form of inflammatory arthritis that results as a reaction to a bacterial infection outside the joint. |
C128333 |
A form of reactive arthritis in which the inflammation moves between joints. |
C128334 |
Any disease caused by Legionella bacteria. |
C128335 |
“A self-limited, febrile illness without pneumonia that occurs in epidemics, and that is caused by Legionella species.” |
C128336 |
“An infection that is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is found in soil and water; symptoms vary widely, but most commonly include fever, cough, pneumonia, arthralgia, myalgia, and skin ulceration.” |
C128337 |
“An infection that is caused by Yersinia enterocolitica or Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and that is usually acquired by consumption of contaminated meat, water, or unpasteurized milk. It can also be transmitted vertically, pre- or perinatally, from mother to infant. Manifestation of symptoms depends on the infecting species and mode of acquisition, and can range from gastrointestinal syndromes to septicemia.” |
C128338 |
“Historical term that references a form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, or Legionella species.” |
C128339 |
“A pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella species, which is characterized by fever, cough, progressive respiratory distress, and which is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations.” |
C128340 |
“An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae, which occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons; it is characterized by blood-filled cysts in the liver and spleen.” |
C128341 |
Botulism that is caused by consuming food or beverage that contains the botulinum toxin. |
C128342 |
Botulism that is caused by toxin that is produced in a wound contaminated with Clostridium botulinum. |
C128343 |
“Botulism that is caused by contact with spores of Clostridial bacteria, which subsequently grow in the intestine and release toxin.” |
C128344 |
A rare form of botulism that occurs among adults by the same mechanism as infant botulism. |
C128345 |
Botulism that occurs following injection of botulinum toxin. |
C128346 |
“A transmissible, infectious disease that is caused by a protein that is able to induce abnormal folding of normal cellular proteins, leading to characteristic spongiform brain changes, which are associated with neuronal loss without an inflammatory response. Such disorders have typically long incubation periods, but are then generally rapidly progressive and are uniformly fatal.” |
C128347 |
Inflammation of the colon that is caused by an alteration in intestinal flora by antibiotic use. |
C128349 |
“A pruritic rash that occurs as consequence of cercariae penetration of the skin after aquatic exposure to animal (usually avian) schistosomes, often in countries non-endemic to human schistosomiasis. The condition is non-invasive and responsive to symptomatic treatment.” |
C128351 |
Any disorder that results from the consumption of food contaminated with an infectious agent or toxin. |
C128355 |
Endocarditis affecting a native valve of the heart. |
C128356 |
Endocarditis occurring on parts of a valve prosthesis or a reconstructed heart valve; it can be classified into early and late prosthetic valve endocarditis. |
C128357 |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs days to weeks after surgery. |
C128358 |
Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs several months to years following valve replacement. |
C128359 |
Endocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. |
C128360 |
“A clinical disorder that is caused by obstruction of the lymphatic system years after filarial infection. It is characterized by painful and profound lymphedema, resulting in significant swelling (elephantiasis) of extremities and genitals.” |
C128366 |
|
C128367 |
An infection caused by an infectious agent that is present on or in the host prior to the start of the infection. |
C128368 |
Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid antrum and mastoid air cell system of the mastoid process. |
C128369 |
“Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the inner ear secondary to an infectious process. Symptoms include severe vertigo, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, and pain. Viral etiology is most common, and recent history of an upper respiratory infection is common.” |
C128370 |
Keratitis caused by fungi. |
C128371 |
Latent syphilis when infection was acquired more than twelve months previously. |
C128372 |
“Acute malaria with signs of organ dysfunction, severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 5 g/dL or hematocrit less than 15%) and/or hyperparasitemia (greater than 5% of red blood cells infected).” |
C128373 |
“A sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum in the brain, which can cause coma and/or seizures.” |
C128374 |
Meningitis in which eosinophils predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid. |
C128375 |
Inflammation of the meninges and brain caused by an infectious agent. |
C128377 |
“The asymptomatic presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the body, which is determined by a positive result to a tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay.” |
C128378 |
“A neurologic disorder that is caused by inflammation across both sides of one level, or segment, of the spinal cord. (from NINDS)” |
C128379 |
“An acute onset of focal limb weakness that is associated mainly with gray matter abnormalities or CSF pleocytosis, but which is without an apparent cause.” |
C128380 |
Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. |
C128381 |
Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. |
C128382 |
A suppurative infection of muscle. |
C128384 |
Atelectasis of an entire lung. |
C128385 |
Inflammation of the uvula. |
C128386 |
“Otitis media that persists for at least six weeks, and that is associated with otorrhea through a perforated tympanic membrane.” |
C128387 |
“A parasitic infection that is caused by liver flukes, usually Fasciola hepatica, of sheep, goats, and cattle. Humans become infected by eating uncooked, infested aquatic vegetation (classically watercress). Adult flukes inhabit the bile ducts, gallbladder, and occasionally ectopic sites. Symptoms arise secondary to inflammatory response or obstruction.” |
C128388 |
“A small bowel infection that is caused by Fasciolopsis buski, which is endemic in the Far East and Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic plants. The spectrum of manifestations range from asymptomatic to intestinal symptoms from local invasion or allergic response.” |
C128389 |
“An infection that is caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is most commonly found in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection.” |
C128390 |
“An infection that is most commonly caused by the intestinal fluke Metagonimus yokogawai, which is most commonly found in the Far East, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection.” |
C128391 |
“An infection that is caused by the tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum and related species; it is transmitted via consumption of raw or undercooked fish, and symptoms include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, and vitamin B12 deficiency.” |
C128392 |
“An infection that is caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, many cases of which remain asymptomatic. During the transient larval migratory phase, shortness of breath, fever, and eosinophilia can occur. Depending on the intestinal worm burden, a spectrum of gastrointestinal tract symptoms can occur.” |
C128393 |
“An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Anisakis, which is most commonly transmitted via ingestion of infective larvae from consumption of raw or undercooked fish or squid; it is characterized by invasion of the stomach wall or intestines, resulting in the death of the worm, and triggering an inflammatory response that surrounds the worm and that can result in intestinal obstruction.” |
C128394 |
“An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus; signs and symptoms are dependent on the invading species, but generally include gastrointestinal symptoms and fever, and can have extraintestinal manifestations (e.g., central nervous system, anterior and posterior eye).” |
C128395 |
“An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Gnathostoma, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked birds, eels, fish, frogs, or reptiles. The pattern of symptoms is species-dependent, and extraintestinal manifestations are due to larval migration (e.g., pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilic meningitis, or painful, pruritic subcutaneous swellings, and peripheral blood eosinophilia).” |
C128396 |
An infection that is caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis; it is characterized predominantly by perianal pruritus. |
C128397 |
“An infection that is caused by the raccoon nematode Baylisascaris procyonis, which is transmitted by the ingestion of embryonated eggs in contaminated soil; symptoms depend on larval migration sites (visceral organs, eye, or brain) provoking severe inflammatory responses.” |
C128398 |
“An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Strongyloides, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis, which is a soil-transmitted helminth, and which is characterized by a variety of gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and, occasionally, pulmonary manifestations. The worm’s autoinfective life cycle can lead to hyper-infection and life-threatening dissemination in immunocompromised hosts decades after initial infection.” |
C128399 |
“An infection that is caused by the nematode Trichuris trichiura, a soil-transmitted helminth, which is transmitted via food and/or water contaminated with the eggs of the worm. Symptoms are usually mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and possibly anemia secondary to blood loss in diarrhea.” |
C128400 |
“The infection of a fly larva (maggot) in human tissue, which most commonly occurs in tropical climates. Affected tissues most commonly include skin, especially if open wounds are present, nasal passages, ears, and eyes.” |
C128401 |
“A contagious infestation of parasitic insects found on the head (Pediculus humanus capitis), body (Pediculus humanus corporis), or pubic area (Pthirus pubis) that typically cause itching and rash.” |
C128402 |
A painful blister of the periungual skin that is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. |
C128403 |
Parotitis that is caused by a bacterial agent. |
C128404 |
Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. |
C128405 |
Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. |
C128406 |
Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a fungal agent. |
C128407 |
Peritonitis that is caused by a bacterial infection. |
C128408 |
“An infection that is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis, which is acquired by inhalation or ingestion of infectious spores, and which typically manifests as acute enteritis.” |
C128409 |
“A protozoan infection that is caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain.” |
C128410 |
“An infection that is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, which is transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, headache, and myalgia, followed by rash that usually begins peripherally.” |
C128411 |
Sinusitis lasting less than or equal to thirty days. |
C128412 |
“The subclinical or symptomatic stage of syphilis, occurring at an average of three weeks after contact with an infected individual. It manifests with one or more painless, indurated ulcers (chancres) of the skin or mucous membranes at the site of inoculation. These lesions heal spontaneously within a few weeks.” |
C128413 |
“The secondary stage of syphilis typically that is characterized by generalized rash (including palms and soles), mucocutaneous lesions, and lymphadenopathy. It usually begins one to two months after the primary stage.” |
C128414 |
A stage of syphilis that occurs fifteen to thirty years after the initial infection; it can include gumma formation and cardiovascular or central nervous system involvement (neurosyphilis). |
C128415 |
Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
C128416 |
Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a pre-extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
C128417 |
Tuberculosis disease that is caused by an extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
C128418 |
“A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected rodents; it is characterized by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, and hearing loss.” |
C128419 |
“A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Rift Valley fever virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes and infected animals. The infection is typically asymptomatic or causes only mild illness, but can be associated with retinitis.” |
C128420 |
“An infection that is due to human herpesvirus (HHV) types 6 or 7; it is characterized by 3-5 days of high fever followed by the acute onset of a rosy, pink, non-pruritic, macular rash that is predominantly on the neck and trunk.” |
C128421 |
“An infection that is caused by an Orthopoxvirus, which is transmitted by primates or rodents, and which is characterized by a prodromal syndrome of fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and lymphedema; initial symptoms are followed by a generalized papular rash that typically progresses from vesiculation through crusting over the course of two weeks.” |
C128422 |
“An infection that is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever and severe arthralgia.” |
C128423 |
“An infection that is caused by the Zika virus, which is primarily transmitted via mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever, skin rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis.” |
C128424 |
“A viral respiratory infection that is caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which most often manifests with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, including productive cough and shortness of breath, which can progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome.” |
C128425 |
“An infection that is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is transmitted to humans by infected ticks; it is characterized by fever, headache, chills, and myalgia.” |
C128426 |
“An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected lice; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated.” |
C128427 |
“A putative Borrelia infection causing acute manifestations similar to Lyme disease, particularly erythema migrans, following the bite of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum.” |
C128430 |
Latent syphilis when infection was acquired less than twelve months previously. |
C128434 |
Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nose and paranasal sinuses. |
C128436 |
Inflammation of the palatine tonsils and the posterior pharynx (throat). |
C128438 |
A form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that is most commonly contracted after consuming meat from an animal suffering from bovine spongiform encephalopathy. |
C128439 |
“A clinical syndrome that is usually caused by enterovirus infection, and that is characterized by fever, anorexia, and painful sores in the mouth, distal extremities, and/or other sites, including the buttocks.” |
C128441 |
“An infection that is caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, which is transmitted to humans from infected sandflies. The acute phase (Oroya Fever) is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, and anemia. The chronic phase (verruga peruana/Peruvian wart) is characterized by benign, eruptive lesions that are bleeding and pruritic, arthralgia, and malaise.” |
C128451 |
A neurofibroma that grows along small branches of nerves in the dermis in patients with neurofibromatosis. It presents as a solid cutaneous tumor. |
C128460 |
The reemergence of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor after a period of remission. |
C128563 |
A carcinoma that arises from the esophagus and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C128629 |
A B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) that does not have the cytogenetic abnormality t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). Most cases of B-ALL do not have this translocation. |
C128637 |
“A rare disease caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly types 6 and 11, that affects tissue along the respiratory tract with the majority of cases affecting the larynx. The disease has a bimodal distribution and manifests in those younger than age 5, juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP), and those older than age 40, adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (AORRP). JORRP is more common and more severe in presentation than AORRP. In a small perce… |
C128697 |
A very rare NK-cell lymphoma with pathologic and clinical features posing difficulty in its exact diagnosis and classification. |
C128714 |
“A condition in which the placenta implants abnormally into the uterine myometrium, rather than implanting into the uterine decidua basalis as is normal.” |
C128715 |
“An ectopic pregnancy implanted in a previous cesarean (hysterotomy) scar, surrounded by myometrium and connective tissue.” |
C128732 |
A congenital developmental disorder in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal for the person’s age and sex. |
C128797 |
The reemergence of non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C128798 |
A non-squamous non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C128801 |
A hereditary cutaneous melanoma caused by germline mutation(s) in the CDKN2A gene. |
C128802 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the SLC39A4 gene, encoding zinc transporter ZIP4. The condition is characterized by zinc deficiency, periorificial and acral dermatitis, and diarrhea.” |
C128803 |
“A genetically heterogenous congenital anomaly in which the aortic valve has two leaflets. It affects 1-2 percent of the population. It is a clinically heterogeneous condition, with a high incidence of aortic valve and ascending aortic complications requiring surgery.” |
C128804 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the GLYCTK gene, encoding glycerate kinase. The condition is characterized by excretion of D-glyceric acid in the urine. The phenotype varies from mild to severe, and may result in encephalopathy, mental retardation, microcephaly and early death.” |
C128805 |
“An autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ENPP1 gene, encoding ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1. The condition is characterized by calcification and narrowing of medium- and large-sized arteries, resulting in cardiovascular complications.” |
C128806 |
“An autosomal dominant genetic condition caused by mutation(s) in the CETP gene, encoding cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Affected individuals may have increased longevity due to decreased risk of coronary heart disease.” |
C128807 |
The reemergence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C128829 |
An infection that is caused by human herpesvirus-6. |
C128830 |
An infection that is caused by JC virus. |
C128847 |
An aggressive variant of lung adenocarcinoma that exhibits a micropapillary architectural pattern. The prognosis is usually poor. |
C129021 |
“A syndrome of high phenotypic variability caused by contiguous gene deletions in 2q37. The inheritance is autosomal dominant. The condition may be characterized by brachydactly type E; mental retardation; short stature; and other skeletal, cardiovascular, and neurologic manifestations.” |
C129022 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GJB2 gene, encoding gap junction beta-2 protein. The condition is characterized by profound sensorineural hearing loss and may be associated with vestibular dysfunction.” |
C129023 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the TRIOBP gene, encoding TRIO and F-actin-binding protein. The condition is characterized by severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss.” |
C129024 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the MARVELD2 gene, encoding MARVEL domain-containing protein 2. The condition is characterized by profound prelingual deafness.” |
C129025 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in the LOXL1 gene, encoding lysyl oxidase homolog 1. The condition is characterized by abnormal fibrillar extracellular material in anterior segment tissues, and may lead to glaucoma.” |
C129026 |
“Fanconi anemia caused by mutations in the FANCI gene, encoding Fanconi anemia group I protein.” |
C129027 |
“Fanconi anemia caused by mutations in the BRIP1 gene, encoding Fanconi anemia group J protein.” |
C129028 |
“Frontonasal dysplasia caused by mutations in the ALX3 gene, encoding homeobox protein aristaless-like 3. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion.” |
C129029 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the SLC25A15 gene, encoding mitochondrial ornithine transporter 1. The condition is characterized by failure to thrive, liver dysfunction, psychomotor retardation, encephalopathy and seizures.” |
C129030 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the PNLIP gene, encoding pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase. The condition is characterized by absent or reduced pancreatic lipase.” |
C129031 |
“A rare disorder characterized by severe short stature, lumbar lordosis, midface hypoplasia, micromelia, frontal bossing, epiphyseal and metaphyseal abnormalities. The inheritance is autosomal recessive.” |
C129032 |
“Tyrosinemia caused by mutation(s) in the TAT gene, encoding tyrosine aminotransferase. The inheritance is autosomal recessive.” |
C129035 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation(s) in the ANKRD26 gene, encoding ANKRD26 protein. Additionally, in one family, a mutation(s) has been identified in the MASTL gene, encoding serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall. The condition is characterized by mild to moderate bruisability.” |
C129068 |
“Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy that is inherited in an X-linked manner, and is associated with mutation(s) in the GJB1 gene, encoding gap junction beta-1 protein. The condition is characterized by moderate to severe motor and sensory neuropathy in males, and mild to no symptoms in females.” |
C129069 |
A progressive neurodegenerative condition affecting the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. The disorder is characterized by varying degrees of cognitive and motor impairment. |
C129070 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CTH gene, encoding cystathionine gamma-lyase. The condition is characterized by increased concentrations of cystathionine in the plasma and urine.” |
C129071 |
“A condition characterized by fetal akinesia and intrauterine growth restriction, that may be associated with mutation(s) in the RAPSN or DOK7 genes, encoding 43 kDa receptor-associated protein of the synapse and protein Dok-7, respectively.” |
C129072 |
“The persistence of substantial fetal hemoglobin production into adulthood, usually associated with hemoglobinopathies due to mutations in the alpha and/or beta chain of hemoglobin.” |
C129073 |
“An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutation(s) in the HYAL1 gene, encoding hyaluronidase-1. It is characterized by short stature and hyaluronidase deficiency.” |
C129074 |
“An autosomal recessive immunodeficiency that is caused by mutation(s) in the AICDA gene, single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase. It is characterized by normal or elevated concentrations of IgM and decreased or absent concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgE.” |
C129075 |
“A congenital retinopathy that is associated with mutation(s) in at least eighteen genes, typically characterized by severe visual impairment.” |
C129076 |
“An autosomal recessive condition that is caused by mutation(s) in the MOCS1 gene, encoding molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein 1. it is characterized by poor feeding, encephalopathy, seizures and dysmorphic facial features.” |
C129271 |
IDH-mutant astrocytoma characterized by the presence of well-differentiated fibrillary glial cells diffusely infiltrating the central nervous system. |
C129272 |
Gemistocytic astrocytoma carrying IDH mutations. |
C129274 |
Diffuse astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes. |
C129277 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of diffuse astrocytoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status. |
C129289 |
A poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the gingiva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant pleomorphic spindle cells. |
C129290 |
IDH-mutant astrocytoma characterized by the presence of increased mitotic activity and anaplastic features. |
C129291 |
Anaplastic astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes. |
C129292 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of anaplastic astrocytoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status. |
C129293 |
“An IDH-wildtype glioblastoma characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli.” |
C129295 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of glioblastoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status. |
C129296 |
A glioblastoma characterized by the presence of well-demarcated nodules which contain primitive cells exhibiting neuronal differentiation. |
C129301 |
“Decreased activity of the enzyme 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, associated with mutation(s) in the HSD3B2 gene. The lack of activity of this enzyme produces a type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.” |
C129302 |
“Decreased activity of the enzyme 21-hydroxylase, associated with mutation(s) in the CYP21A2 gene. The lack of activity of this enzyme produces a type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and is the cause of approximately 95% of CAH.” |
C129303 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder that is associated with mutation(s) in the CFTR gene, encoding cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Mutation(s) in the same gene are associated with cystic fibrosis.” |
C129304 |
“Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the COLQ gene, encoding acetylcholinesterase collagenic tail peptide. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.” |
C129305 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder associated with mutation(s) in at least one of four genes (WDR35, IFT122, WDR19, or IFT43). It is characterized by distinctive abnormalities of the face and skull, in association with developmental abnormalities of the structures derived from ectodermal tissues.” |
C129306 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the TUBGCP6 gene, encoding gamma-tubulin complex component 6. It is characterized by microcephaly and chorioretinopathy.” |
C129307 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation(s) in the NAGS gene, encoding N-acetylglutamate synthase, mitochondrial. It may be characterized by failure to thrive, hyperammonemia, lethargy, seizures, and coma.” |
C129308 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder associated with mutation(s) in the SETBP1 gene, encoding SET-binding protein. It is characterized by unique facial features, including midface hypoplasia, skeletal abnormalities, and mental retardation.” |
C129309 |
A diffuse midline glioma characterized by the presence of histone H3 K27M mutation. |
C129318 |
An oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion). |
C129319 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of oligodendroglioma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes and 1p/19q codeletion status. |
C129321 |
An anaplastic oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion). |
C129322 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of anaplastic oligodendroglioma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes and 1p/19q codeletion status. |
C129323 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of oligoastrocytoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status. |
C129324 |
A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status. |
C129325 |
A glioma that has diffusely infiltrated the surrounding central nervous system tissues. |
C129327 |
A WHO grade 3 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma characterized by the presence of five or more mitoses per 10 high-power fields. Necrosis may be present. Patients have shorter survival rates when compared to those with WHO grade 2 pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. |
C129351 |
A supratentorial ependymoma characterized by a gene fusion involving ZFTA and RELA genes. It accounts for the majority of supratentorial ependymomas in children. It has an unfavorable outcome when compared to other ependymoma subtypes. |
C129424 |
A relatively slow growing diffuse leptomeningeal neoplasm usually affecting children and adolescents. It is characterized by the presence of clear glial neoplastic cells reminiscent of oligodendroglioma. A neuronal component may be present. The prognosis is variable. |
C129427 |
A low-grade tumor affecting the cerebral hemispheres. It is composed of cells with glial and/or neuronal differentiation forming multiple nodules with prominent vacuolation. |
C129431 |
A central nervous system neoplasm mostly occurring in the fourth ventricle region. It is characterized by the presence of neurocytes forming pseudorosettes and astrocytes which contain Rosenthal fibers. Cytologic atypia is minimal. |
C129436 |
A medulloblastoma composed of sheets of large cells mixed with cells characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity. |
C129439 |
A term that refers to the classification of medulloblastomas based on their molecular characteristics. |
C129440 |
A molecular subtype of medulloblastoma associated with activation of the WNT pathway. TP53 mutations may be present or absent. WNT pathway activation in medulloblastomas is associated with good outcome. |
C129441 |
“A molecular subtype of medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. TP53 mutations may be present or absent. Patients in this group are young children and adults. Overall survival is variable and depends on the presence or absence of metastatic disease, histology, and the age at diagnosis.” |
C129442 |
Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the presence of TP53 mutations. |
C129443 |
Medulloblastoma associated with activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the absence of TP53 mutations. |
C129444 |
“Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. TP53 mutations are absent. This molecular subtype includes medulloblastomas numerically designated as “”group 3”” and “”group 4””.” |
C129445 |
Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications may be present. TP53 mutations are absent. Patients in this group are usually young children. The overall survival is the worst among all the molecular groups. |
C129446 |
Medulloblastoma not associated with activation of the WNT pathway or sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. MYC amplifications are absent. TP53 mutations are absent. Chromosome 17 abnormalities may be present. |
C129447 |
A medulloblastoma which has not been further characterized. |
C129449 |
An adenocarcinoma composed of small malignant cells. |
C129499 |
An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes characterized by the absence of C19MC amplification. Approximately half of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes that lack a C19MC alteration carry DICER1 mutations. |
C129501 |
A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and absence of mutations of the INI1 gene or SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene. |
C129526 |
“A mesenchymal, non-meningothelial neoplasm arising from the central nervous system. It is characterized by a collagenous and low cellularity spindle cell and/or hemangiopericytomatous histopathological pattern, recurrent intrachromosomal rearrangement on chromosome 12q that results in the fusion of the NAB2 and STAT6 genes, high recurrence rates, and long-term risk of systemic metastasis.” |
C129527 |
A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the central nervous system. It most often corresponds to the tumor previously diagnosed as anaplastic hemangiopericytoma. |
C129528 |
“A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the central nervous system. It corresponds to the more cellular, less collagenous tumor with plump cells and staghorn vasculature which was diagnosed as central nervous system hemangiopericytoma in the past.” |
C129530 |
A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the central nervous system. It corresponds most often to the collagenous and low cellularity spindle cell tumor which was diagnosed as central nervous system solitary fibrous tumor in the past. |
C129534 |
A mesenchymal chondrosarcoma that arises from the central nervous system. |
C129536 |
A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells. |
C129537 |
A rare Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor that affects the central nervous system either as a primary dural neoplasm or by direct extension from adjacent soft tissues or bone. |
C129538 |
An angiolipoma that arises from the central nervous system. |
C129548 |
Intracranial and/or spinal involvement by desmoid fibromatosis. |
C129549 |
A benign fibrous histiocytoma involving the dura or cranial bone. |
C129551 |
A rare myofibroblastoma affecting the central nervous system. |
C129566 |
A rare undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (formerly known as malignant fibrous histiocytoma) involving the central nervous system. |
C129569 |
“A benign, well-circumscribed bone-forming neoplasm that is predominantly composed of lamellar bone and arises in the skull.” |
C129598 |
“An anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-positive, arising from the central nervous system.” |
C129599 |
“An anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK-negative, arising from the central nervous system.” |
C129600 |
A primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma derived from mature or post-thymic T-cells or NK-cells. |
C129602 |
“A rare extranodal B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the central nervous system. It is characterized by the presence of lymphoma cells exclusively in the lumina of small vessels, particularly capillaries.” |
C129635 |
“Hyperthyroidism, the cause of which is not present from birth.” |
C129636 |
“Hypoparathyroidism, the cause of which is not present at birth.” |
C129637 |
“Diabetes insipidus complicated by a deficient or absent thirst response to hyperosmolality, usually as a result of hypothalamic damage or dysfunction.” |
C129644 |
“Hypothyroidism, the cause of which is not present at birth.” |
C129654 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastrointestinal system and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C129699 |
The most severe form of beta thalassemia that is characterized by the lack of functional beta-globin chain production resulting in the absence of hemoglobin A. |
C129707 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C129718 |
“A condition caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome resulting in 47,XXX karyotype in an individual with female phenotype. The condition is characterized by tall stature, increased risk of learning disabilities, and delayed development of speech and language.” |
C129720 |
“An X-linked condition associated in a subset of cases with mutation(s) in the FGD1 gene, encoding a complex signaling protein containing FYVE, RhoGEF, and PH domains. The condition is usually characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, skeletal anomalies, shawl scrotum (altered anatomical relationship between the penis and the scrotum) cryptorchidism, and developmental delay.” |
C129721 |
“Parathyroid hormone (PTH) resistance caused by heterozygous inactivating mutation(s) of the maternal allele of the GNAS gene encoding Gs-alpha, resulting in expression of PTH from only the paternal allele. Clinical manifestations include Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, early-onset obesity, and, in some cases, resistance to thyroid-stimulating hormone, gonadotropins, and growth hormone-releasing hormone, reflecting additional manifestations of Gs-alpha deficiency.” |
C129722 |
“A condition caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the paternal allele of the GNAS gene, encoding Gs-alpha, resulting in expression of the Gs-alpha protein from only the maternal allele. Affected individuals have the clinical phenotype of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy without hormone resistance.” |
C129723 |
“Partial lipodystrophy, the cause of which is not present at birth. Examples include lipodystrophy associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) therapy, and Barraquer-Simons syndrome, associated with C3 nephritic factor.” |
C129724 |
Thyroiditis due to a bacterial infection. |
C129726 |
“A group of diverse conditions that are characterized by spontaneous, multi-organ autoimmunity, which target both endocrine (adrenal, gonad, pancreatic islet cells, parathyroid, pituitary, thyroid) and non-endocrine (gastrointestinal, integumentary, lymphatic) tissues.” |
C129727 |
“Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome caused by homozygous, compound heterozygous, or heterozygous mutation(s) in the AIRE gene, encoding autoimmune regulator protein. Diagnosis requires at least 2 of the 3 major clinical features: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, primary adrenal insufficiency, or primary hypoparathyroidism. Antibodies against type 1 interferons and interleukin 17 cytokines are almost always present. Heterozygous AIRE mutation(s) typically result in a narrower disease spectru… |
C129728 |
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome of likely polygenic etiology characterized by the presence of primary adrenal insufficiency in association with autoimmune thyroiditis and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus; this condition is not associated with mucocutaneous candidiasis. |
C129730 |
“Hypoparathyroidism associated with heterozygous mutation(s) in the PTH gene, which encodes parathyroid hormone, or in the GCM2 gene, which encodes chorion-specific transcription factor GCMb.” |
C129731 |
“Hypoparathyroidism associated with homozygous mutation(s) in the PTH gene, which encodes parathyroid hormone, or in the GCM2 gene, which encodes chorion-specific transcription factor GCMb.” |
C129732 |
“An autosomal dominant form of osteopetrosis due to mutation(s) in the CLCN7 gene, encoding H(+)/Cl(-) exchange transporter 7. Clinical features include sclerosis involving the spine, the pelvis, and the base of the skull. Complications can include optic nerve compression, dental abscesses, anemia, and bone fragility. One third of individuals who carry a CLCN7 mutation have a normal skeletal phenotype.” |
C129733 |
“An autosomal recessive form of osteopetrosis caused by mutation(s) in at least 8 genes related to osteoclast function. This condition is characterized by the failure of osteoclasts to resorb bone, resulting in impaired bone modeling/remodeling, and skeletal fragility despite increased bone mass; it is also associated with hematopoietic insufficiency, hypocalcemia, disturbed tooth eruption, nerve entrapment syndromes, and growth impairment. Some cases are also associated with progressive neu… |
C129734 |
“A condition caused by autosomal recessive loss-of-function mutation(s) in the CYP24A1 or SLC34A1 gene, encoding mitochondrial 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, and sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2A, respectively. This condition is characterized by vomiting, polyuria, dehydration, and failure to thrive, accompanied by hypercalcemia, suppressed parathyroid hormone, and nephrocalcinosis.” |
C129735 |
Diabetes insipidus caused by excessive intake of water due to psychological factors or damage to the thirst-regulating mechanism. |
C129736 |
An autosomal dominant form of diabetes insipidus caused by mutation(s) in the AVP gene encoding arginine vasopressin. |
C129739 |
“Diabetes mellitus caused by mutation(s) in a single gene, usually presenting in childhood or early adulthood.” |
C129741 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the GCK gene, encoding glucokinase. Heterozygous GCK mutations may manifest as mild hyperglycemia, which is not progressive, and usually requires no treatment. Homozygous GCK mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes.” |
C129742 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HNF1A, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha.” |
C129744 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HNF4A, encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha.” |
C129745 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the gene NEUROD1, encoding neurogenic differentiation 1. In addition to diabetes, this condition may be associated with neurogenic anomalies. Homozygous NEUROD1 mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes.” |
C129746 |
“Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the PDX1 gene, encoding pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1. Homozygous PDX1 mutations result in permanent neonatal diabetes.” |
C129747 |
“Diabetes mellitus caused by activating mutation(s) in the ABCC8 gene, encoding the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) subunit of the pancreatic beta cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel. Note: Inactivating mutation(s) in the ABCC8 gene result in hyperinsulinism.” |
C129748 |
Monogenic diabetes caused by inactivating mutation(s) in transcription factors regulating expression of pancreatic beta cell genes. |
C129760 |
“Diabetes mellitus caused by activating mutation(s) in the KCNJ11 gene, encoding the inwardly rectifying Kir6.2 subunit of the pancreatic beta cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel. Note: Inactivating mutation(s) in the KCNJ11 gene result in hyperinsulinism.” |
C129782 |
An acute myeloid leukemia with double mutations of the CEBPA gene. |
C129783 |
An acute myeloid leukemia with single mutations of the CEBPA gene. |
C129784 |
A carcinoma that arises from the thyroid gland and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C129785 |
“A rare, de novo acute myeloid leukemia in which the blasts harbor BCR-ABL1 translocation in the absence of a history and clinical and laboratory features of chronic myelogenous leukemia.” |
C129786 |
Acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the presence of RUNX1 gene mutation. |
C129787 |
“B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma characterized by a gene-expression profile similar to that of BCR-ABL1-positive B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, absence of the pathognomonic BCR-ABL1 rearrangement, alterations of lymphoid transcription factor genes, and a poor outcome.” |
C129806 |
Rare involvement of the central nervous system by Langerhans cell histiocytosis. |
C129807 |
Rare involvement of the central nervous system by histiocytic sarcoma. |
C129808 |
Erdheim-Chester disease that affects the central nervous system. |
C129827 |
A transitional cell carcinoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C129828 |
A carcinoma that arises from transitional cells and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C129852 |
“Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of eosinophilia, PDGFRB gene rearrangement, and t(5;12)(q31;p12).” |
C129853 |
“Hematologic neoplasms characterized by the presence of t(8;9)(p22;p24.1) that results in PCM1-JAK2 fusion gene expression. It is associated with eosinophilia, bone marrow findings of left-shifted erythroid predominance, lymphoid aggregates, and often myelofibrosis. Rare cases present as T- or B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia.” |
C129857 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the gingival mucosa. It presents as an ulcerated lesion or exophytic mass. The prognosis is usually poor. |
C129861 |
A head and neck carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C129864 |
“An autosomal recessive form of demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease caused by mutations in the SH3TC2 gene, encoding SH3 domain and tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein 2.” |
C129865 |
“An autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder caused by mutation(s) in the FBN2 gene, encoding fibrillin-2. It is characterized by contractures, arachnodactyly, scoliosis, micrognathia, and crumpled ears.” |
C129866 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC6A3 gene, encoding sodium-dependent dopamine transporter. It is characterized by Parkinsonian features and has an onset in early infancy.” |
C129867 |
“A group of inherited syndromes in which there is impaired growth hormone signaling, despite normal or increased growth hormone concentrations. The syndromes are characterized by some or all of the following: prenatal and/or postnatal growth failure, immature facial features, microcephaly, neurocognitive deficiencies, sensorineural hearing loss, immune dysregulation, and delayed puberty.” |
C129868 |
“A subtype of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, whose manifestations occur around puberty, associated with mutation(s) in the EFHC1 gene, encoding EF-hand domain-containing protein 1.” |
C129869 |
A rare syndrome that refers to a constellation of anomalies resulting from multiple vascular disruption. |
C129870 |
“An inherited myopathy caused by mutations in the ACTA1 gene, encoding actin, alpha skeletal muscle. The phenotype is highly variable, and as such attempts at classification by clinical features is not optimal. Generally, affected individuals have generalized muscle weakness, typically involving proximal muscles, the face, bulbar and respiratory muscles.” |
C129871 |
“An autosomal recessive myopathy caused by mutations in the KLHL40 gene, encoding Kelch-like protein 40. The phenotype is highly variable, and as such attempts at classification by clinical features is not optimal. Generally, affected individuals have generalized muscle weakness, and typically involves proximal muscles, the face, bulbar and respiratory muscles.” |
C129872 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) on the TCF4 gene, encoding transcription factor 4. It is characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, breathing problems and seizures.” |
C129873 |
An aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the floor of the mouth. It is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant amount of cytoplasm forming lobules with peripheral palisading. |
C129874 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the HGF gene, encoding hepatocyte growth factor. It is characterized by profound deafness.” |
C129875 |
“A condition caused by a 520 kb deletion at 16p12.1. It is characterized by developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphology and congenital heart defects.” |
C129927 |
A chordoma that arises from the sacral area. |
C129928 |
“An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutation(s) in the CTSA gene, encoding lysosomal protective protein. It is characterized by a combined deficiency of neuraminidase and beta-galactosidase.” |
C129929 |
“An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the HADHA gene, encoding trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial. It is characterized by hypoglycemia, hypotonia, neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, pigmentary retinopathy and may be associated with sudden death.” |
C129930 |
“An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the L1CAM gene, encoding neural cell adhesion molecule L1. It is characterized by mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait and adducted thumbs.” |
C129931 |
“An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the DDX3X gene, encoding ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X. It is characterized by severe intellectual disability and variable neurologic features.” |
C129932 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CTNS gene, encoding cystinosin. It is a sub-type of cystinosis, in which accumulation of cystine in the kidney results in renal dysfunction.” |
C129933 |
“A progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons, characterized by progressive muscle weakness.” |
C129934 |
A condition affecting cranial nerves IX-XII resulting from upper motor neuron damage arising from a variety of causes. |
C129973 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC20A2 gene, encoding sodium-dependent phosphate transporter 2. It is characterized by calcification of the basal ganglia.” |
C129974 |
“An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the ITPA gene, encoding inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase. It is characterized by elevated concentrations of inosine triphosphate in erythrocytes.” |
C129975 |
“An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the ACAD8 gene, encoding isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial. It is characterized by decreased concentrations of carnitine in the blood, encephalopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and anemia.” |
C129976 |
“A condition caused by mutation or deletion of the EHMT1 gene, encoding histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1. It is characterized by severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, cardiac defects, and characteristic facial features.” |
C129977 |
“An inherited condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC25A4 gene, encoding ADP/ATP translocase 1. It is characterized by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.” |
C129978 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the GNPTAG gene, encoding N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase subunit gamma. It is characterized by a slowing of the growth rate in childhood, joint stiffness, mild cognitive impairment, and cardiorespiratory insufficiency.” |
C129980 |
“An idiopathic form of neonatal hemochromatosis, characterized by liver failure and iron accumulation in the tissues.” |
C129981 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SPAST gene, encoding spastin. It is characterized by progressive lower extremity spasticity and weakness.” |
C129982 |
“An autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the ATXN1 gene, encoding ataxin-1. It is characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria and saccadic abnormalities.” |
C130035 |
A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of less than 5 percent blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2 percent blasts in the peripheral blood. |
C130037 |
A myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts and dysplastic changes involving only one myeloid cell lineage in the bone marrow. |
C130038 |
“A term that refers to myelodysplastic syndromes, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, and acute myeloid leukemias that are associated with germline mutations and are familial.” |
C130039 |
B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma characterized by amplification of a portion of chromosome 21. It usually occurs in children and is associated with an adverse prognosis. |
C130040 |
B acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by amplification of a portion of chromosome 21. It usually occurs in children and is associated with an adverse prognosis. |
C130041 |
“A non-neoplastic T-cell lymphoproliferation that may mimic T-lymphoblastic lymphoma. It usually involves the lymphoid tissues of the upper aerodigestive tract. It recurs locally, but systemic dissemination is rare.” |
C130043 |
T acute lymphoblastic leukemia in which the blasts have unique immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics suggesting only limited early T-cell differentiation. |
C130202 |
“A rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome caused by biallelic inheritance of mutations in MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2 genes. It is characterized by the development of childhood cancers, usually hematological malignancies and/or brain tumors, and colorectal cancers with multiple intestinal polyps. The majority of patients show signs of neurofibromatosis type 1.” |
C130234 |
Prostate carcinoma that grows and continues to spread despite the surgical removal of the testes or medical intervention to block androgen production. |
C130237 |
“Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0, B0-1. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. May further stratify into T2a (patch only) vs. T2b (plaque +/- patch). N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells). B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypi… |
C130950 |
A neoplasm that arises from the posterior cranial fossa. Examples include meningiomas and medulloblastomas. |
C130951 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, B0-1. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. May further stratify into T1a (patch only) vs. T1b (plaque +/- patch). N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells). B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% of peripheral blood lympho… |
C130982 |
“A congenital condition caused by a deletion on the short arm of chromosome 10p13-p14. The NEBL gene, encoding nebulette, a heart-specific component of the sarcomere, may be responsible for the clinical findings. The condition is characterized by immunodeficiency, unusual facies, congenital heart anomalies (tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, truncus arteriosus, interrupted aortic arch, isolated anomalies of the aortic arch, and ventricular septal defect), … |
C130983 |
“A condition characterized by hypoparathyroidism, sensorineural deafness, and renal failure. It is related to autosomal dominant inactivating mutation(s) in GATA3, encoding a transcription factor important for the embryonic development of the parathyroid gland, the auditory stem, and the kidneys.” |
C130985 |
“Bone dysplasia due to autosomal dominant mutation(s) in the P4HB gene, encoding prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta, or autosomal recessive mutation(s) in the SEC24D gene, encoding SEC24 homolog D, COPII coat complex component. This condition is characterized by bone fragility, growth failure, craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, and distinctive facial features, including marked frontal bossing, blue sclerae, ocular proptosis, midface hypoplasia, and micrognathia.” |
C130986 |
“A contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving deletion of the distal portion of the long arm of chromosome 18. The clinically heterogenous condition is characterized by some or all of the following: growth hormone deficiency with resulting short stature; hand, foot, skull, facial, and genital anomalies; hypotonia; and developmental delay.” |
C130988 |
“A condition caused by heterozygous mutation(s) in the CDKN1C gene, encoding cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C, and characterized by intrauterine growth restriction, metaphyseal dysplasia, congenital adrenal hypoplasia, and genital anomalies.” |
C130989 |
“An X-linked recessive syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) in IGSF1, encoding immunoglobulin superfamily member 1. This condition can result in central hypothyroidism, macroorchidism, delayed puberty, and variable prolactin deficiency.” |
C130990 |
Insulin resistance caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the INSR gene encoding the insulin receptor. |
C130991 |
“A genetic condition characterized by long bone sclerosis and thickening, short stature, and head and eye anomalies. Many affected individuals have hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia.” |
C130992 |
“An autosomal recessive form of Kenny-Caffey syndrome due to mutation(s) in the TBCE gene, encoding tubulin-specific chaperone E. This condition is characterized by hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemia, marked growth retardation, craniofacial anomalies, absent diploic space in the skull, cortical thickening of long bones with medullary stenosis, and small hands and feet.” |
C130993 |
“An autosomal dominant form of Kenny-Caffey Syndrome due to mutation(s) in the FAM111A gene, encoding protein FAM111A. This condition is characterized by transient hypocalcemia, delayed closure of the anterior fontanel, eye anomalies, including microphthalmia, proportionate short stature, and cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the tubular bones.” |
C130994 |
“Growth hormone insensitivity syndrome caused by mutation(s) and/or deletion(s) in the GHR gene, encoding the growth hormone receptor.” |
C130995 |
Reduced serum concentration of tri-iodothyronine caused by a variety of non-thyroidal conditions in which there is no dysfunction in the thyroid gland or the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. |
C130996 |
“A maternally inherited condition characterized by diabetes and sensorineural deafness with onset after the age of 20, caused by mutation(s) in one of several mitochondrial genes, most frequently the MT-TL1 gene, which encodes the mitochondrial transfer RNA for leucine. Some patients may have additional features observed in mitochondrial disorders, including pigmentary retinopathy, ptosis, cardiomyopathy, myopathy, renal problems, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.” |
C130997 |
“A complication of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus in children characterized by linear growth impairment, glycogenic hepatopathy, and Cushingoid features.” |
C130998 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous inactivating mutation(s) in the gene LRP5, encoding low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5. This condition is characterized by severe juvenile-onset osteoporosis and congenital or juvenile-onset blindness due to a vascularized retinal mass that resembles a glioma.” |
C131000 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the INSR gene, encoding the insulin receptor, and characterized by insulin resistance, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and/or failure to thrive, muscle atrophy, hypertrichosis, and distinctive facial features; the condition is typically diagnosed early in life, with death usually occurring before the third decade of life. The symptoms and course of this syndrome are moderately severe as compared to the other two syndromes on t… |
C131001 |
“A congenital condition associated with mutation(s) in the PITX2 and/or FOXC1 genes, encoding pituitary homeobox 2 and forkhead box protein C1, respectively. The condition is characterized by anterior segment dysgenesis of the eye(s), iris and corneal anomalies, glaucoma, craniofacial anomalies, hypodontia, and pituitary hypoplasia with hypopituitarism, and hypospadius.” |
C131002 |
“An X-linked recessive syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the GPC3, OFD1, or rarely the GPC4 gene, encoding glypican 3, oral-facial-digital syndrome 1 protein, and glypican 4, respectively. The condition is characterized by macrosomia, coarse facies, cryptorchidism, congenital heart, kidney, liver, spleen, and musculoskeletal abnormalities.” |
C131003 |
“An autosomal dominant condition usually caused by mutation(s) in the SHH gene, encoding sonic hedgehog, a secreted protein involved in the organization and morphology of the developing embryo. This condition is characterized by multiple, mainly midline, developmental variations, including the presence of a tooth in the center of the maxillary dental arch in both primary and permanent dentition, and any combination of the following: holoprosencephaly, congenital nasal malformation (choanal a… |
C131006 |
“A group of syndromes caused by autosomal dominant mutation(s) in the WT1 gene, encoding Wilms tumor protein. Patients with this mutation may have a predisposition to developing Wilms tumors.” |
C131007 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the EIF2AK3 gene, which encodes translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase-3. The condition is characterized by the following: permanent insulin-dependent diabetes, with onset in the neonatal period or infancy; epiphyseal dysplasia; deficient bone mineralization, diagnosed in the first year or two of life; and liver dysfunction, occurring in early childhood. Other features may include intellectual deficit, hypothyroidism, rena… |
C131008 |
“A condition characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans, typically associated with obesity in teenage girls. It is considered to be a subtype of polycystic ovarian syndrome, but may occur in male individuals. Etiology is unclear, but some cases may be associated with mutations affecting the tyrosine kinase domain of the insulin receptor.” |
C131009 |
“An X-linked recessive autoimmune condition caused by mutation(s) in the FOXP3 gene, encoding the forkhead box P3 transcription factor. The condition is characterized by infantile onset of severe diarrhea due to enteropathy, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and dermatitis. Associated features may include hypothyroidism, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and nephritis. The condition is usually fatal before age 2 years if not treated with bone marrow transplan… |
C131010 |
“A condition characterized by Mullerian duct aplasia, unilateral renal dysplasia, and cervicothoracic anomalies. Other associated findings may include skeletal abnormalities (scoliosis, vertebral anomalies, rib malformations, spina bifida), and face and limb malformations (brachymesophalangy, ectrodactyly). Heart malformations may include valvular pulmonary stenosis, aortopulmonary window, atrial septal defect, and/or tetralogy of Fallot. Putative candidate genes such as HNF1B (17q12), LHX1 … |
C131030 |
Hyperinsulinism that resolves spontaneously. This is the most common cause of neonatal hypoglycemia. |
C131031 |
“Reduced concentration of thyroid hormone(s), usually associated with a non-thyroidal illness, that resolves spontaneously.” |
C131032 |
Hyperparathyroidism in an infant less than one month of age that resolves spontaneously. |
C131034 |
Primary hypothyroidism that resolves spontaneously. |
C131072 |
Nodular goiter characterized by one discrete tissue mass. |
C131073 |
“An autosomal recessive form of rickets caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the CYP27B1 gene, encoding 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, the renal enzyme that converts 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol), the active metabolite of vitamin D (cholecalciferol). The condition is characterized by reduced serum concentrations of 1 alpha,25-hydroxyvitamin D, normal concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, increased serum alkaline phosphatase, hypocalcemia due to… |
C131074 |
“An autosomal recessive form of rickets caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the CYP2R1 gene, encoding vitamin D 25-hydroxylase, the hepatic enzyme that converts vitamin D to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the precursor of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol). The condition is characterized by reduced serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, hypophosphatemia, hypocalcemia with secondary hyperparathyroidism and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, and by failure to thrive, seizures, muscle weaknes… |
C131075 |
“Rickets caused by a defect in the VDR gene, encoding the vitamin D receptor. This form of rickets is characterized by hypocalcemia, elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) concentrations and may also manifest with alopecia.” |
C131076 |
“Rickets caused by a post-receptor defect in the vitamin D signaling pathway producing vitamin D resistance due to constitutive overexpression of a nuclear ribonucleoprotein that competes with the vitamin D receptor-retinoid X receptor dimer binding with DNA vitamin D response elements. This condition has a similar phenotype to vitamin D receptor deficiency rickets including elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) concentrations.” |
C131077 |
“An autosomal recessive form of rickets caused by mutation(s) in the VDR gene, encoding the vitamin D receptor. The condition is characterized by hypocalcemia, increased concentrations of calcitriol, secondary hyperparathyroidism, early-onset rickets and alopecia.” |
C131078 |
Hypothyroidism induced by excessive levels of iodine in the blood. |
C131079 |
Hypoparathyroidism in which the inheritance is recessive and linked to the q26-q27 region of the X chromosome. The parathyroid glands are usually incompletely developed (parathyroid dysgenesis) or absent (parathyroid agenesis). |
C131083 |
“Decreased activity of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone due to autosomal recessive deactivating mutation(s) in the HSD11B2 gene. Resultant elevated cortisol concentrations in the kidney activate the mineralocorticoid receptor, resulting in hypertension, hypokalemia, and hypernatremia.” |
C131084 |
“Decreased activity of the enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 due to inactivating mutation(s) in the HSD11B1 gene. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism as a result of increased adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of the adrenal gland due to failure of cortisol-mediated down-regulation, and is clinically indistinguishable from H6PD deficiency.” |
C131085 |
“Decreased or absent activity of the enzyme 11-beta-hydroxylase caused by loss-of-function mutations in the CYP11B1 gene, resulting in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Clinical manifestations of this condition include virilization in 46XX infants and hypertension.” |
C131086 |
“Decreased or absent activity of the enzyme 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase due to loss-of-function mutation(s) in the CYP17A1 gene. The clinical manifestations of the deficiency are dependent on whether one or both activities of the enzyme are affected, and may include hypertension due to reduced 17-hydroxylase activity and incomplete genital masculinization in 46,XY infants due to reduced 17,20 lyase activity.” |
C131087 |
“A classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia that is characterized by severe 21-hydroxylase deficiency, resulting in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency, without clinically significant salt wasting, and androgen excess, which causes virilization in female infants.” |
C131088 |
“Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to presumed mutation(s) in the HSD3B2 gene, which results in decreased activity of the enzyme 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. The clinical manifestations of the deficiency are dependent on the degree of reduction in enzymatic activity: 46,XY infants may have incomplete development of the genitalia, while 46,XX infants may have virilization.” |
C131089 |
“Generalized lipodystrophy, the cause of which is not present at birth.” |
C131090 |
“Ovarian failure, the cause of which is not present at birth.” |
C131130 |
“Growth hormone insensitivity syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the STAT5B gene, encoding signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B, a protein critical for the transcription of growth hormone-dependent genes.” |
C131133 |
“An autosomal recessive form of craniotubular hyperostosis due to loss-of-function mutation(s) in the SOST gene, encoding sclerostin. Clinical features include tall stature, enlarged jaw and facial bones, and cranial nerve compression leading to hearing loss and facial palsy. About two-thirds of patients have syndactyly and/or nail malformations. Increased intracranial pressure due to the thickened calvaria and skull base can occur.” |
C131134 |
“A classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by complete absence of 21-hydroxylase activity resulting in deficiency of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids accompanied by androgen excess causing virilization in female infants. Mineralocorticoid deficiency results in renal salt-wasting, and if untreated, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and shock.” |
C131187 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) in the CTSK gene, encoding cathepsin K, an enzyme involved in bone resorption by osteoclasts. This condition is characterized by some or all of the following: osteosclerosis, short stature, pituitary hypoplasia with growth hormone deficiency, and cerebral demyelination.” |
C131196 |
“A subtype of micronodular adrenal hyperplasia, characterized by multiple pigmented nodules, which may occur in isolation or as part of the Carney complex.” |
C131209 |
The reemergence of gliosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C131218 |
The reemergence of urethral urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C131277 |
“Transient hyperinsulinism that occurs in response to neonatal stress resulting in prolonged neonatal hypoglycemia, which is distinct from transitional hypoglycemia of typical infants.” |
C131296 |
Loss and redistribution of subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissue from specific regions of the body. |
C131308 |
A form of osteopetrosis in which osteoclasts are abundant but have severely impaired resorptive function. |
C131309 |
“Hypophosphastasia characterized by the premature loss of deciduous teeth, but without accompanying bony abnormalities.” |
C131420 |
“An autosomal recessive lethal condition caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the PTH1R gene, encoding parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor. This condition is characterized by short limbs, polyhydramnios, hydrops fetalis, facial anomalies, increased bone density, and advanced skeletal maturation.” |
C131421 |
“Rickets due to low calcium concentrations, the cause of which can be nutritional or genetic.” |
C131422 |
“CLAH due to loss-of-function mutations in the CYP11A1 gene, resulting in decreased or absent activity of the enzyme P450scc, which leads to reduced conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the first step in steroidogenesis.” |
C131423 |
“A severe form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by very low or absent activity of an enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway typically presenting early in life, and requiring life-long cortisol replacement.” |
C131425 |
“An etiologically heterogenous condition resulting in dysregulated insulin secretion whose cause is present from birth. It is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants and children.” |
C131426 |
“Congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from the deposition of lipid in the adrenal glands due to a defect of intracellular cholesterol transport or metabolism. The condition is characterized by deficiencies of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex steroids: 46,XY infants are undervirilized, whereas 46,XX infants have no genital manifestations.” |
C131427 |
“Ovarian failure, the cause of which is present at birth.” |
C131429 |
“An autosomal dominant or recessive form of craniotubular hyperostosis due to mutation(s) in the SOST gene, encoding sclerostin. This condition is characterized by massive generalized hyperostosis and sclerosis, especially involving the skull and facial bones, which is so severe that the resulting facial distortion is referred to as ‘leontiasis ossea’; the bone deposition results in progressive stenosis of craniofacial foramina and can lead to severe neurologic impairment in childhood.” |
C131430 |
“A group of sclerosing bone dysplasias characterized by pronounced sclerosis of the cranial vault and the long bones, resulting in increased cortical bone density. Most cases are caused by mutation(s) in the SOST or LRP5 genes, encoding sclerostin and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5, respectively. Other genes have been implicated, and some cases have been described, but do not yet have identified genetic mutations.” |
C131431 |
Impairment in the intracellular synthesis of thyroglobulin. |
C131432 |
Impairment in the intracellular transport of thyroglobulin. |
C131433 |
Graves disease in the neonate resulting from transplacental passage of thyrotropin receptor antibody. |
C131436 |
Enlargement of the entire thyroid gland without discrete mass(es). |
C131437 |
Goiter characterized by discrete tissue mass(es) that may or may not produce thyroid hormones. |
C131438 |
Nodular goiter characterized by more than one discrete tissue mass. |
C131440 |
Goiter associated with reduced thyroid hormone secretion. |
C131442 |
“A milder form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by decreased activity of an enzyme in the steroidogenic pathway, typically presenting later in life, that does not require life-long cortisol replacement.” |
C131445 |
Nutritional rickets due to dietary deficiency of calcium. |
C131446 |
Hypophosphatemic rickets due to insufficient dietary phosphate intake or absorption. |
C131447 |
“Rickets due to dietary deficiency of calcium, phosphate, or vitamin D.” |
C131448 |
Nutritional rickets due to dietary deficiency of vitamin D. |
C131449 |
“Rickets due to low serum phosphate concentrations, the cause of which can be nutritional or genetic. This condition is characterized by normal parathyroid hormone concentrations, usually caused by renal phosphate wasting occurring in isolation or as part of a renal tubular disorder, and characterized by resistance to treatment with ultraviolet radiation or vitamin D.” |
C131450 |
“An autosomal recessive form of hypophosphatemic rickets caused by inactivating mutation(s) in the SLC34A3 gene, encoding sodium-dependent phosphate transport protein 2C, a protein involved in maintenance of inorganic phosphate concentration in the kidney. The condition is characterized by elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) concentrations, resulting in increased intestinal calcium absorption and hypercalciuria. This form of hypophosphatemic rickets is also distinguished by the lac… |
C131500 |
The reemergence of a primary malignant neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C131501 |
“The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm other than the original one, after a period of remission.” |
C131502 |
Acute myeloid leukemia with often cytogenetically cryptic fusion of NUP98 (chromosome 11p15) with NSD1 (chromosome 5q35). This alteration occurs in 4% of pediatric AML cases. |
C131504 |
“Acute myeloid leukemia with a cytogenetically cryptic fusion of NUP98 to JARID1A, t(11;15)(p15;q35). It typically has a megakaryocytic phenotype and occurs in 10% of pediatric, non-Down syndrome-related acute megakaryoblastic leukemia cases.” |
C131506 |
A melanoma that occurs during childhood. |
C131533 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the ASXL1 gene, encoding putative polycomb group protein ASXL1. It is characterized by severe intrauterine growth retardation, profound mental retardation, craniofacial dysmorphisms, and flexion deformities of the upper limbs.” |
C131617 |
The reemergence of an ependymal tumor after a period of remission. |
C131621 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of fibrinogen (factor I) activity in the blood. |
C131622 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of prothrombin (factor II) activity in the blood. |
C131623 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood. |
C131624 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor V activity in the blood. |
C131625 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor VII activity in the blood. |
C131626 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor X activity in the blood. |
C131627 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XI activity in the blood. |
C131628 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XII activity in the blood. |
C131629 |
An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XIII activity in the blood. |
C131630 |
“Any form of anemia that results from the absence of, or the defective action of, any enzyme involved in erythropoiesis.” |
C131631 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor VII activity in the blood. |
C131632 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor X activity in the blood. |
C131633 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XIII activity in the blood. |
C131634 |
A disorder of platelet function or platelet production that may cause increased bleeding. |
C131635 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood. |
C131638 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the BPGM gene. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly.” |
C131639 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, nephritis, and deafness; it is associated with mutation of the MYH9 gene.” |
C131640 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the AK1 gene. It is associated with moderate to severe non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia and, in some cases, with intellectual disability and psychomotor impairment.” |
C131641 |
“A rare, autosomal dominant, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the ENO1 gene. It is associated with spherocytic hemolytic anemia, exercise-induced myalgia and weakness.” |
C131642 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the triad of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and characteristic inclusions in peripheral blood leukocytes, with the additional features of nephritis, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities, mostly cataracts; it is associated with mutation of the MYH9 gene.” |
C131643 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the GPI gene. It is characterized by chronic, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia.” |
C131644 |
“An autosomal recessive, inherited coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood.” |
C131645 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the HK1 gene. It is characterized by the early-onset of severe, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia.” |
C131646 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the triad of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and characteristic inclusions in peripheral blood leukocytes. It is characterized by varying degrees of thrombocytopenia that may be associated with purpura and bleeding; it is associated with mutation of the MYH9 gene.” |
C131647 |
“A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the PGAM2 gene. It is characterized by non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, exercise-induced cramping, myoglobinuria, and presence of tubular aggregates on muscle biopsy.” |
C131648 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of plasma-type kallikrein activity in the blood. |
C131649 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the NT5C3A gene. It is the most frequent abnormality of red cell nucleotide metabolism, causing chronic, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Most affected individuals have Mediterranean, Jewish, or African ancestry. Basophilic stippling and accumulation of pyrimidines within erythrocytes are hallmarks of this disorder.” |
C131650 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the triad of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and characteristic inclusions in peripheral blood leukocytes, without other organ dysfunction; it is associated with mutation of the MYH9 gene.” |
C131651 |
A disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue-type kallikrein activity in the tissues and glandular secretions where it is normally present. |
C131652 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the TPI1 gene, encoding triosephosphate isomerase. It is characterized by congenital hemolytic anemia and progressive neuromuscular dysfunction.” |
C131653 |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura for which the cause is not present at birth. |
C131655 |
Anemia that results from a decreased rate of erythropoiesis. |
C131656 |
Anemia that results from an increased rate of erythrocyte destruction. |
C131657 |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura for which the cause is present from birth. |
C131658 |
Disorders of coagulation caused by the depletion of coagulation factors in the peripheral blood. |
C131659 |
A coagulation disorder caused by abnormalities in fibrin that result in defective clot formation. This disorder may be inherited or acquired. |
C131660 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to fibrinogen (factor I) in the blood. |
C131661 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to prothrombin (factor II) in the blood. |
C131662 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to tissue factor (factor III) in the blood. |
C131663 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor IX in the blood. |
C131664 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor V in the blood. |
C131665 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor VII in the blood. |
C131666 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor VIII in the blood. |
C131667 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor X in the blood. |
C131668 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor XI in the blood. |
C131669 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor XII in the blood. |
C131670 |
Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor XIII in the blood. |
C131673 |
Disorders of coagulation caused by autoantibodies generated against native coagulation factors or therapeutically-administered hemostatic agents. |
C131674 |
“A rare, neonatal syndrome characterized by early jaundice that becomes rapidly associated with severe hemolytic anemia. The peripheral blood smear is remarkable for small irregular, contracted red blood cells with hyper-dense spikes (pyknocytes), that progressively increase in number and then spontaneously disappear.” |
C131677 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CUBN or AMN genes. It is characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency due to selective malabsorption of the vitamin, and usually results in megaloblastic anemia appearing in childhood (but not immediately after birth).” |
C131681 |
“A rare autosomal dominant bleeding disorder characterized by abnormally enhanced binding of von Willebrand factor (VWF) by the platelet glycoprotein Ib receptor complex. Hemostatic function is impaired due to the removal of VWF multimers from the circulation. It is due to a mutation in the gene encoding for platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha, resulting in enhanced affinity for VWF. It is often misdiagnosed as type 2B von Willebrand disease due to similarities between these two conditions. Patie… |
C131682 |
“A variant of sickle cell disease due to homozygosity of the E6V mutation, amino acid substitution of valine for glutamic acid in the sixth position of the beta chain, resulting in the production of hemoglobin S from both alleles.” |
C131683 |
“An acquired pure red cell aplasia that is self-limited. It is the most common cause of decreased red blood cell production in the pediatric population, and typically presents as a normocytic anemia with reticulocytopenia in an otherwise asymptomatic and normal child with no evidence of other causes for anemia, including blood loss, hemolysis, nutritional deficiency, or malignancy.” |
C131684 |
“Low serum levels of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) due to poor intestinal absorption, decreased dietary intake, or increased physiologic requirement.” |
C131685 |
“An autosomally inherited (generally dominant) coagulation disorder characterized by quantitative partial deficiency of circulating von Willebrand factor (VWF) which account for 60 to 80% of cases of von Willebrand disease. It is characterized by mild to moderate quantitative deficiencies of VWF and factor VIII, which are coordinately reduced from normal plasma levels.” |
C131686 |
An autosomally inherited (generally dominant) coagulation disorder characterized by qualitative abnormalities of the von Willebrand factor (VWF). The mutant VWF causes decreased platelet adhesion due to a selective deficiency of high molecular weight multimers. The decrease in large multimers can be due to a failure to synthesize the multimers (‘group 1’) or enhanced ADAMTS13-mediated proteolysis of the secreted high molecular weight protein (‘group 2’). |
C131687 |
“An autosomally inherited (generally dominant) coagulation disorder characterized by qualitative abnormalities of the von Willebrand factor (VWF). The mutant VWF shows increased affinity to platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha, resulting in increased platelet aggregation, and increased proteolysis of VWF subunits causing a decrease of large VWF multimers; patients often have secondary thrombocytopenia due to platelet consumption.” |
C131688 |
An autosomally inherited (generally dominant) coagulation disorder characterized by qualitative abnormalities of the von Willebrand factor (VWF). The mutant VWF shows decreased platelet adhesion without a deficiency of high molecular weight multimers; this functional defect is caused by mutations that disrupt VWF binding to platelets or to subendothelium. |
C131689 |
“An autosomally inherited (generally recessive) coagulation disorder characterized by qualitative abnormalities of the von Willebrand factor (VWF). The mutant VWF shows markedly decreased binding affinity for factor VIII, which can be confused with mild hemophilia A. The phenotype is characterized by a disproportionate decrease in factor VIII compared to VWF.” |
C131737 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of prothrombin (factor II) activity in the blood. |
C131738 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor V activity in the blood. |
C131739 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XI activity in the blood. |
C131740 |
A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor XII activity in the blood. It is not associated with increased bleeding risk. |
C131760 |
An unusual variant of capillary hemangioma. It is characterized by a unique anastomosing sinusoidal-like architecture which may mimic angiosarcoma. It was originally described in the kidney but rare cases have been reported in other sites. |
C131811 |
“An autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by mutation(s) in the PTH1R gene, encoding parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor. This condition is characterized by severely delayed skeletal maturation, as well as by abnormal modeling of the bones in the hands and feet, abnormal persistence of cartilage in the pelvis, and mild growth retardation. Calcium and phosphate concentrations are normal.” |
C131812 |
“An autosomal recessive form of craniotubular hyperostosis due to a 52-kb deletion in the SOST gene, encoding sclerostin. Clinical features include normal stature, enlarged jaw and facial bones, hearing loss, and facial palsy due to cranial nerve deficits. The absence of syndactyly distinguishes this condition from sclerosteosis.” |
C131813 |
“A genetic condition caused by a variant in the ALB gene, associated with increased affinity of albumin for thyroxine.” |
C131814 |
Loss of subcutaneous fat confined to small area(s) of the body. |
C131815 |
Almost complete absence of subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissue. |
C131818 |
Central hypothyroidism due to medical or surgical treatment. |
C131819 |
Primary hypothyroidism due to medical or surgical treatment. |
C131830 |
KATP-associated hyperinsulinism in which there is an area of adenomatous beta-cell hyperplasia. This condition results from paternal recessive mutation(s) in either the ABCC8 or the KCNJ11 gene and paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome region 11p15 with loss of tumor suppressor genes expressed from the maternally inherited chromosome. |
C131831 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to activating mutation(s) in the gene GCK, encoding glucokinase.” |
C131832 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to activating mutation(s) in the GLUD1 gene, encoding glutamate dehydrogenase 1. This condition is characterized by protein induced hypoglycemia and hyperammonemia, which is presumed to be due to increased ammonia production in the kidney.” |
C131833 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to mutation(s) in the gene HNF1A, encoding the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha. This condition may progress to diabetes later in life.” |
C131834 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to mutation(s) in the gene HNF4A, encoding the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha. This condition may progress to diabetes later in life.” |
C131835 |
Transient hypoglycemia that occurs in the infant of a diabetic mother due to increased postnatal insulin release as a result of in utero exposure to maternal hyperglycemia. |
C131836 |
“A syndrome of insulin resistance caused by mutation(s) in the INSR gene, encoding the insulin receptor. This condition is characterized by a clinical triad of hyperinsulinemia, acanthosis nigricans, and hyperandrogenism without lipodystrophy. This is the least severe of a spectrum of disorders; the other two conditions are Rabson-Mendenhall Syndrome and Donohoe Syndrome.” |
C131837 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to inactivating mutation(s) in the gene HADH, encoding mitochondrial (short-chain) hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, resulting in loss of inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). This condition is also characterized by protein-induced hypoglycemia, but in contrast to GLUD1-associated hyperinsulinism, hyperammonemia is absent.” |
C131838 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to mutation(s) in the gene UCP2, encoding mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2, which plays a role in attenuating insulin secretion.” |
C131839 |
“Hyperinsulinism due to mutation(s) in the regulatory region of the SLC16A1 gene, encoding monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). The mutation(s) result in aberrant expression of MCT1 in the beta cell, leading to inappropriate insulin secretion and hypoglycemia triggered by anaerobic exercise.” |
C131840 |
A genetically heterogenous group of hyperinsulinemic conditions caused by mutation(s) in one of the many genes involved in the regulation of insulin secretion. |
C131841 |
“Insulin resistance associated with obesity, which may be attributed in part to impaired insulin signaling in target tissues, or impaired insulin-stimulated glucose transport due to reduced expression of the glucose transporter protein 4.” |
C131842 |
Hyperinsulinism caused by non-functional beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium channels due to inactivating mutation(s) in either the ABCC8 or KCNJ11 gene. |
C131843 |
KATP-associated hyperinsulinism affecting all pancreatic beta cells. |
C131845 |
A condition characterized by K ATP channel-associated permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus accompanied by neurological manifestations of developmental delay and epilepsy that may be associated with the severity of the mutation(s). |
C131846 |
K ATP channel-associated neonatal diabetes mellitus that resolves spontaneously. |
C131847 |
“Diabetes mellitus caused by activating mutation(s) in genes (KNCJ11 and/or ABCC8) encoding either of the 2 proteins (Kir6.2 and/or SUR1) that make up the pancreatic beta cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel, which is crucial for the regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion.” |
C131848 |
K ATP channel-associated neonatal diabetes mellitus that does not resolve spontaneously. |
C131849 |
“Decreased activity of hexose-6-phosphatase due to autosomal recessive mutation(s) in the H6PD gene. This enzyme is necessary to generate NADPH, a cofactor in the 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase pathway required for conversion of cortisone to cortisol. The condition is characterized by hyperandrogenism as a result of increased adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation of the adrenal gland due to failure of cortisol-mediated down-regulation, and is clinically indistinguishable from 11-beta… |
C131851 |
“An autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) in the GALNT3, FGF23, or KL gene, which encode polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3, fibroblast growth factor 23, and klotho, respectively. This condition, the biochemical hallmark of which is hyperphosphatemia caused by increased renal phosphate absorption, is characterized by the progressive deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in periarticular spaces, soft tissues, and/or bone.” |
C131852 |
“Hyperthyroidism, the cause of which is present at birth.” |
C131853 |
“A genetic condition caused by loss-of-function mutation(s) in the CASR gene, encoding extracellular calcium-sensing receptor. It is characterized by severe hypercalcemia and metabolic bone disease occurring in the first six months of life.” |
C131856 |
Hypoparathyroidism resulting from medical treatment or intervention. |
C131857 |
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with congenital adrenal hypoplasia associated with mutation(s) in the NR0B1 gene (on the X chromosome). |
C131859 |
Diabetes mellitus caused by mutation(s) in mitochondrial DNA. |
C131860 |
Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism. |
C131861 |
“A bone disorder caused by autosomal recessive mutation(s) of the gene TNFRSF11B, which encodes tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B. This condition is characterized by excessive osteoclastic resorption of bone followed by deposition of weak, disorganized woven bone. Clinical characteristics include short stature, enlarged skull, bony deformities, bone pain, warm skin over the affected bone, joint stiffness, headaches, hearing loss, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase.” |
C131862 |
“Ovarian dysfunction due to a defect at the receptor or post receptor level, or due to the presence of antibodies against gonadotropin receptors, resulting in deficient gonadotropin signaling that causes elevated concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone. A distinguishing feature is the presence of normal numbers of ova.” |
C131863 |
Contrasexual pubertal development caused by medical intervention. |
C131864 |
“Conditions affecting individuals whose karyotype is 46,XY that is characterized by atypical development of the internal or external sex structures, or the gonads, and in whom no genetic, environmental, or biochemical causation can be established.” |
C131866 |
“A subtype of micronodular adrenal hyperplasia, characterized by multiple non-pigmented nodules.” |
C131867 |
“An autosomal recessive or sporadic form of adrenal hypoplasia congenita frequently associated with central nervous system anomalies including anencephaly and pituitary defects. Histologically the adrenal gland is distinguished by the absence of fetal adrenal cortex and the presence of a small amount of normal, permanent adult adrenal cortex.” |
C131868 |
“A form of metaphyseal chondrodysplasia caused by mutation(s) in the PTH1R gene, encoding parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor. This condition is characterized by severe short stature, short bowed limbs, clinodactyly, prominent upper face, and a small mandible. Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia due to PTH resistance can appear later in childhood.” |
C131873 |
The reemergence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C131875 |
The reemergence of T acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood after a period of remission. |
C131906 |
“A rare Epstein-Barr virus-positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that affects mucosal sites (including oral mucosa, palate, tonsils, and gastrointestinal tract) and skin. It presents with well-circumscribed, often painful ulcers. It is associated with immune suppression, including age-related and drug-induced immunosuppression. In the majority of cases the lesions regress either spontaneously or following withdrawal of the immunosuppression therapy.” |
C131911 |
A molecularly distinct large B-cell lymphoma reminiscent of Burkitt lymphoma. It is characterized by the absence of MYC translocation and the presence of chromosome 11q aberrations. |
C131913 |
“High-grade B-cell lymphoma characterized by the abnormal rearrangement of MYC gene, BCL2 gene, and BCL6 gene. Patients with this type of lymphoma usually respond poorly to standard treatments and have a poor prognosis.” |
C132012 |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C132051 |
Location of the thyroid gland somewhere other than at the base of the neck. |
C132052 |
Ectopic thyroid gland located at the base of the tongue. |
C132053 |
Hypothyroidism due to insufficient intake of iodine. |
C132055 |
“An autoimmune condition affecting the pituitary gland, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration, commonly presenting with pituitary hormone deficiencies.” |
C132067 |
“A grade I or grade II glioma arising from the central nervous system. This category includes pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, and angiocentric glioma.” |
C132080 |
“A condition characterized by non-union of the tibia, which is present at birth. It is usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.” |
C132096 |
“A classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia that is characterized by severe 21-hydroxylase deficiency, resulting in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency, but without clinically significant salt wasting, and with androgen excess, which causes virilization in female infants.” |
C132101 |
An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by t(10;11)(p12.3;q23.3) resulting in MLLT10-KMT2A gene fusion. It is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. |
C132105 |
An acute myeloid leukemia characterized by t(6;11)(q27;q23.3) resulting in MLLT4-KMT2A gene fusion. It is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. |
C132109 |
A non-Down syndrome acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that occurs in children. It is associated with CBFA2T3-GLIS2 chimeric oncogene and has an unfavorable prognosis. |
C132111 |
A non-Down syndrome acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that occurs in childhood. It is associated with t(11;12)(p15;p13) which results in the presence of NUP98-KDM5A chimeric oncogene. |
C132146 |
A malignant neoplasm arising from tissues that do not include fluid areas. Representative examples include carcinomas and sarcomas. Hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue malignancies are not considered solid neoplasms. |
C132147 |
A leiomyosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C132148 |
A liposarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C132195 |
“An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative condition caused by mutation(s) in the WDR73 gene, encoding WD repeat-containing protein 73. It is characterized by microcephaly and severely delayed psychomotor development.” |
C132196 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CPN1 gene, encoding carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain. It may be characterized by episodic angioedema, chronic urticaria, asthma and/or allergic hypersensitivity.” |
C132224 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MRE11A gene, encoding double-strand break repair protein MRE11. It is characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration resulting in ataxia and oculomotor apraxia.” |
C132260 |
A myeloid sarcoma that affects the small intestine. It often presents with abdominal pain and obstruction. |
C132270 |
Sex reversal in an individual associated with a 9p24.3 deletion. |
C132290 |
“Decreased or absent activity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase 1, due to loss-of-function mutation(s) in the gene CA1.” |
C132292 |
“Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the CHAT gene, encoding choline O-acetyltransferase. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.” |
C132293 |
“An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MECP2 gene, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2. It is characterized by severe neonatal encephalopathy.” |
C132294 |
The reemergence of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C132296 |
“A usually aggressive and invasive pituitary neuroendocrine tumor characterized by excessive p53 immunoreactivity, increased mitotic activity, and MIB-1 proliferative index greater than 3%.” |
C132484 |
Dilatation of the blood vessels. |
C132505 |
“A category of low grade gliomas that includes diffuse astrocytoma, ependymoma, oligodendroglioma, and oligoastrocytoma.” |
C132506 |
The reemergence of a glioma after a period of remission. |
C132676 |
“A term that refers to the staging of unknown primary tumor (except for EBV-related and HPV-related tumors) and metastatic cervical adenopathy according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132677 |
“Stage III includes: T0, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (extranodal extension)(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132678 |
“Stage IVA includes: T0, N2, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral or contralateral cervical lymph node 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral cervical lymph node larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral cervical lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral cervical … |
C132679 |
“Stage IVB includes: T0, N3, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. N3: Metastasis in a cervical lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in a single ipsilateral cervical lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral cervical lymph nodes, any size and ENE(+) in any node. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132680 |
“Stage IVC includes: T0, Any N, M1. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132727 |
The formation of a blood clot in a cerebral vein. |
C132728 |
“A term that refers to the staging of lip and oral cavity carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132729 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less depth of invasion (DOI). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132730 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132731 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor size greater than 4 cm or any tumor greater than 10 mm DOI. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less DOI. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimensio… |
C132732 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a (lip): Tumor invades through cortical bone or involves the inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face (i.e., chin or nose). T4a (oral cavity): Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical bone of the mandible or maxilla, or involves the maxillary sinus or skin of face). Note: Superfic… |
C132733 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a (lip): Tumor invades through cortical bone or involves the inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face (i.e., chin or nose). T4a (oral cavity): Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical bone of the mandible or maxilla, or involves the maxillary sinus or skin of face). Note: Superficial erosion of bone/tooth socket (alone) by a gingival primary is … |
C132734 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base and/or encases the internal carotid artery. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE (-); or in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132735 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C132736 |
“A term that refers to the staging of lip and oral cavity carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions.” |
C132778 |
“A term that refers to the staging of major salivary gland cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C132779 |
“A term that refers to the staging of major salivary gland cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132781 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132783 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132785 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132786 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis… |
C132787 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced disease. Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension witho… |
C132788 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced disease. Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm … |
C132789 |
“Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced disease. Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132790 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132814 |
“A term that refers to the staging of pharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132816 |
“A term that refers to the staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132817 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or tumor extending to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132818 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or tumor extending to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal involvement. T0: No tumor identified, but EBV-positive cervical node(s) involvement is present. T2: Tumor with extension to parapharyngeal space, and/or adjacent soft tissue involvement (medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, prevertebral muscles). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unil… |
C132819 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or tumor extending to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal involvement. T0: No tumor identified, but EBV-positive cervical node(s) involvement is present. T2: Tumor with extension to parapharyngeal space, and/or adjacent soft tissue involvement (medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, prevertebral muscles). T3: Tumor infiltrating bony s… |
C132820 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor with intracranial extension, involvement of cranial nerves, hypopharynx, orbit, parotid gland, and/or extensive soft tissue infiltration beyond the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid muscle. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6… |
C132821 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); T4: Tumor with intracranial extension, involvement of cranial nerves, hypopharynx, orbit, parotid gland, and/or extensive soft tissue infiltration beyond the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid muscle. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest d… |
C132822 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132826 |
“An autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by juvenile onset, distal motor weakness without sensory impairment, and anterior horn cell degeneration.” |
C132827 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the ALOX12B gene, encoding arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type. It is characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin.” |
C132849 |
A Ewing sarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C132850 |
An osteosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C132853 |
The reemergence of a malignant germ cell tumor after a period of remission. |
C132854 |
A malignant germ cell tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C132881 |
A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the soft tissues. |
C132882 |
“A term that refers to the staging of HPV-mediated (p16-positive) oropharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132883 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of HPV-mediated (p16-positive) oropharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132884 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of HPV-mediated (p16-positive) oropharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132885 |
“Stage I includes: (T0, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132886 |
“Stage II includes: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0) ;(T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm. N2: Tumor with co… |
C132891 |
“Stage III includes: (T0, N3, M0); (T1, N3, M0); (T2, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Tumor with moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial ptery… |
C132893 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132898 |
“Stage I includes: (T0, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in four or fewer lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132899 |
“Stage II includes: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mand… |
C132900 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible or beyond. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. N2: Tumor with metastasis in more than four lymph… |
C132901 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132902 |
A glioblastoma characterized by the absence of DNA methylation in the promoter region of the MGMT gene. It is associated with a poor outcome. |
C132994 |
“A term that refers to the staging of p16-negative oropharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C132995 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132996 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132997 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132998 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C132999 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller … |
C133000 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than… |
C133001 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades lateral pterygoid muscle, pterygoid plates, lateral nasopharynx, or skull base or encases carotid artery. N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+… |
C133002 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133003 |
“A term that refers to the staging of hypopharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133005 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133006 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133007 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx. N0: No regional lymph node metastasi… |
C133008 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue. Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest di… |
C133009 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue. Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or a… |
C133010 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia, encases carotid artery, or involves mediastinal structures. N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metasta… |
C133011 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133074 |
“A term that refers to the staging of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133076 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor restricted to any one subsite, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133077 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJ… |
C133078 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Maxillary sinus: Tumor invading any of the following: bone of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus, subcutaneous tissues, floor or medial wall of orbit, pterygoid fossa, or ethmoid sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate, or cribriform plate. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruc… |
C133079 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbital … |
C133080 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbital contents, skin of nose or cheek, minimal extension to anterior crania… |
C133081 |
“Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: orbital apex, dura, brain, middle cranial fossa, cranial nerves other than maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2), nasopharynx, or clivus. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralater… |
C133082 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133084 |
“An autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutation(s) in the GM2A gene, encoding ganglioside GM2 activator. It is characterized by GM2-ganglioside accumulation in tissues resulting in hypotonia, cherry-red macular spots, and neurocognitive dysfunction.” |
C133085 |
A neurodegenerative condition characterized by asymmetric weakness in the upper extremities resulting from segmental lower motor neuron dysfunction. |
C133086 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC25A20 gene, encoding mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier protein. It is characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle damage, and liver dysfunction that results from derangement of long-chain fatty acid oxidation.” |
C133087 |
A demyelinating peripheral neuropathy characterized by delayed motor development. |
C133091 |
A very rare benign neoplasm that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of a stromal and an epithelial component. It resembles the adenofibromas that arise from the organs of the female reproductive system. |
C133092 |
The reemergence of breast angiosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C133093 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C133095 |
A carcinoma arising from the anal canal and occurring in HIV-positive patients. |
C133156 |
“A term that refers to the staging of laryngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133158 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to one subsite of supraglottis with normal vocal cord mobility. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the vocal cord(s) (may involve anterior or posterior commissure) with normal mobility. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the subglottis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133159 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Supraglottis: Tumor invades the mucosa of more than one adjacent subsite of supraglottis or glottis or region outside the supraglottis (e.g., mucosa of base of the tongue, vallecula, medial wall of pyriform sinus) without fixation of the larynx. Glottis: Tumor extends to supraglottis and/or subglottis, and/or with impaired vocal cord mobility. Subglottis: Tumor extends to vocal cord(s) with normal or impaired mobility. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis… |
C133160 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades any of the following: postcricoid area, preepiglottic space, paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of thyroid cartilage. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and /or invades the paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fix… |
C133161 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Supraglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Glottis: Moderately advanced local di… |
C133162 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Supraglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Glottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilag… |
C133163 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Supraglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Glottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Subglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. N3: metastasis in a lymph node, mo… |
C133164 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133186 |
“A term that refers to the staging of mucosal melanoma of the head and neck according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition. No prognostic stage grouping is proposed in the 8th edition.” |
C133187 |
“A melanoma that arises in the mucosa of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx.” |
C133192 |
A precancerous neoplastic process affecting the oral mucosa. It is characterized by the presence of dysplasia in the mucosal epithelium. |
C133193 |
Thyroid gland carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C133252 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the head and neck. |
C133253 |
“A term that refers to the staging of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133254 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells. It includes the clear cell and papillary variants of squamous cell carcinoma. |
C133255 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133256 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor smaller than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133257 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor 2 cm or larger, but smaller than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133258 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor 4 cm or larger in greatest dimension or minor bone erosion or perineural invasion or deep invasion. Deep invasion is defined as invasion beyond the subcutaneous fat or larger than 6 mm; perineural invasion for T3 classification is defined as tumor cells within the nerve sheath of a nerve lying deeper than the dermis or measuring 0.1 mm or larger in caliber, or presenting with clinical or radiographic invol… |
C133259 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor smaller than 2 cm in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor 2 cm or larger, but smaller than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor 4 cm or larger in greatest dimension or minor bone erosion or perineural invasion or deep invasion. Deep invasion is defined as invasion beyond the subcutaneous fat or larger than 6 mm; perineural invasion for T3 classification is defined as tumor … |
C133399 |
“A term that refers to the staging of esophageal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133400 |
“A term that refers to the staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133401 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133402 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133403 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133404 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133405 |
“Stage IIA includes: T1, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133406 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133407 |
“Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133408 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or t… |
C133409 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: … |
C133410 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133411 |
“A term that refers to the staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C133412 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133413 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133414 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX); IC: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. … |
C133415 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133416 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133417 |
“Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133418 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX); IIB: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133419 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133420 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133421 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis… |
C133422 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133423 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133424 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in … |
C133425 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. … |
C133426 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133432 |
“A term that refers to the postneoadjuvant therapy staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133433 |
“Stage I includes: T0-2, N0, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133434 |
“Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133435 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to si… |
C133436 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133437 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0:… |
C133438 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph no… |
C133439 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasi… |
C133440 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133442 |
“A term that refers to the staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C133443 |
“A term that refers to the staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133444 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133445 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133446 |
“A term that refers to the postneoadjuvant therapy staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133447 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133448 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0-1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133449 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0-1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133450 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T1-3, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133451 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133452 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133453 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133454 |
“Stage I includes: T0-2, N0, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133455 |
“Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133456 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to si… |
C133457 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133458 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0:… |
C133459 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph no… |
C133460 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasi… |
C133461 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133494 |
“A large B-cell lymphoma that usually affects the Waldeyer ring and/or cervical lymph nodes and less often the gastrointestinal tract. It occurs most commonly in children and young adults and is low stage. It is characterized by a follicular, follicular and diffuse, or pure diffuse growth pattern resembling follicular lymphoma grade 3B or a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Most cases have IG/IRF4 rearrangements. BCL2 rearrangements are not present. Some cases that belong in this category lack … |
C133499 |
The reemergence of an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission. |
C133501 |
“A carcinoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site in the breast, through the hematogenous route.” |
C133503 |
“A carcinoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site in the lung, through the hematogenous route.” |
C133504 |
“A melanoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site of growth, through the hematogenous route.” |
C133519 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A, Tumor location: Any. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133521 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Any); (T1a, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-3, Tumor location: Any); (T1b, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Any). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated… |
C133525 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Any); (T1a, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133530 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-3, Tumor location: Any); (T1b, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Any). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiate… |
C133532 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Lower); (T3, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Upper/middle); IIB: (T3, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Upper/middle); (T3, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Unknown); (T1, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3:… |
C133534 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Lower); (T3, N0, M0, G1, Tumor location: Upper/middle). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133535 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T3, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Upper/middle); (T3, N0, M0, GX, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Unknown); (T1, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poo… |
C133536 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph… |
C133537 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133538 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastas… |
C133539 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor… |
C133541 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3… |
C133542 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G, Tumor location: Any. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133548 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133549 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133550 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133552 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133553 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133554 |
“Stage IIA includes: T1, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133555 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133556 |
“Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133557 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or t… |
C133558 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: … |
C133560 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133563 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133564 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133565 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX); IC: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. … |
C133566 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133567 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133568 |
“Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133570 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX); IIB: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133572 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133573 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133575 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis… |
C133577 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133579 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133580 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in … |
C133581 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. … |
C133582 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133583 |
“A term that refers to the postneoadjuvant therapy staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133584 |
“Stage I includes: T0-2, N0, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133585 |
“Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133586 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to si… |
C133587 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133588 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0:… |
C133589 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph no… |
C133590 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasi… |
C133591 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133592 |
The reemergence of classic Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C133638 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gastric cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133639 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of gastric cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133640 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of gastric cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133641 |
“A term that refers to the postneoadjuvant therapy staging of gastric cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C133647 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria, high grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133648 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133649 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N1, N2, or N3, M0); (T2, N1, N2, or N3, M0); IIB: (T3, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph node… |
C133650 |
“Stage III includes: (T3, N1, N2, or N3, M0); (T4a, N1, N2, or N3, M0). T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133651 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4b, Any N, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133652 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4b, Any N, M0): T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133653 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133654 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria, high grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133655 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133656 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133657 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133659 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N3a, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or tw… |
C133660 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC… |
C133662 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T1, N3a, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis i… |
C133663 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T2, N3a, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0, M0); IIIB: (T1, N3b, M0); (T2, N3b, M0); (T3, N3a, M0); (T4a, N3a, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4b, N2, M0); IIIC: (T3, N3b, M0); (T4a, N3b, M0); (T4b, N3a, M0); (T4b, N3b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent struc… |
C133665 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T2, N3a, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three… |
C133666 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1, N3b, M0); (T2, N3b, M0); (T3, N3a, M0); (T4a, N3a, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4b, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regiona… |
C133667 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T3, N3b, M0); (T4a, N3b, M0); (T4b, N3a, M0); (T4b, N3b, M0). T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. N3b: Tumor with metastasis in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133668 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133670 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133671 |
“Stage II includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T1, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional … |
C133672 |
“Stage III includes: (T4a, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T2, N3, M0); (T4b, N0, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4b, N2, M0); (T4b, N3, M0); (T4a, N3, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis… |
C133673 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133681 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1, N1, N2, or N3, M0); (T2, N1, N2, or N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133682 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133709 |
The reemergence of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region after a period of remission. |
C133713 |
A paraganglioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C133716 |
“A term that refers to the staging of small intestinal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C133724 |
“An autosomal recessive neurologic condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC52A3 gene, encoding solute carrier family 52, riboflavin transporter, member 3. It is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and varying cranial nerve palsies, usually affecting the motor components of the seventh and ninth to twelfth cranial nerves. Spinal motor nerves are often affected. Mutations in SLC52A3 may result in Faxio-Lone disease, which is a similar condition, but sensorineural deafness is not pres… |
C133725 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the MYBPC3 gene, encoding MYBPC3 protein. It is characterized by severe neonatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.” |
C133727 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the TBCE gene, encoding tubulin-specific chaperone E. It is characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, mental retardation, seizures and developmental delay.” |
C133729 |
“An X-linked dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the IQSEC2 gene, encoding IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2. It is characterized by substantially impaired intellectual functioning and behavioral abnormalities.” |
C133730 |
“An autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the POMT1 gene, encoding protein O-mannosyl-transferase 1. It is characterized by mental retardation without structural brain abnormalities and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.” |
C133731 |
Primary amyloidosis that does not respond to treatment. |
C133732 |
The reemergence of primary amyloidosis after a period of remission. |
C133733 |
“A term that refers to the staging of appendiceal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition. Carcinoid tumors are staged separately. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)” |
C133736 |
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C133737 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C133742 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the KIF1A gene, encoding kinesin-like protein KIF1A. It is characterized by microcephaly, intellectual disability, and delayed psychomotor development. The condition is progressive, occurs in early infancy, and is of variable severity.” |
C133743 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CNTNAP2 gene, encoding contactin-associated protein-like 2. It is characterized by normal development until the onset of intractable focal seizures at age 1-9. After the onset of seizures, language regression, intellectual disability, hyperactivity, and impulsive behaviors begin to occur. The majority of children eventually fulfill the criteria for autism spectrum disorder.” |
C133744 |
“A wedge-shaped, benign, degenerative fibrovascular lesion arising from the bulbar conjunctiva and extending to the cornea. It is caused by chronic exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation, heat, and dust. It may cause severe vision loss.” |
C133787 |
“A term that refers to the staging of anal canal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions. This staging system applies to carcinomas arising in the anal canal only; melanomas, carcinoid tumors, sarcomas, and perianal tumors are not included. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)” |
C133794 |
“A term that refers to the staging of anal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all carcinomas arising in the anal canal, including carcinomas that arise within anorectal fistulas and those arising in the perianal area (anal margin). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma) are staged using this system. There is no AJCC staging system for anal mucosal m… |
C133795 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (previously termed carcinoma in situ, Bowen disease, anal intraepithelial neoplasia II-III, high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133796 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133797 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T2, N0, M0; IIB: T3, N0, M0. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133798 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133799 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133800 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); IIIC: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. T4: Tumor of any size invading adjacent organ(s), such as the vagina, urethra, or bladder. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133801 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133802 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor of any size invading adjacent organ(s), such as the vagina, urethra, or bladder. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133803 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. T4: Tumor of any size invading adjacent organ(s), such as the vagina, urethra, or bladder. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133804 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133839 |
A carcinoma that arises from the gastrointestinal system and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C133884 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PAI1 gene, encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. It is characterized by increased bleeding following trauma, injury, or surgery and in women, menorrhagia.” |
C133885 |
A dermatologic condition characterized by focal loss of elastic tissue. Clinically it presents with atrophic depressions or saccular outpouchings of the skin. |
C133886 |
|
C133887 |
|
C133893 |
“A term that refers to the staging of small intestinal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. Nonadenocarcinomas arising in the small intestine should have a TNM assigned but are not assigned a stage classification. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C133894 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High grade dysplasia/carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133895 |
“Stage I includes: T1-2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133896 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or extending into nonperitonealized perimuscular tissue (mesentery or retroperitoneum) without serosal penetration. For T3 tumors, the nonperitonealized perimuscular tissue is, for the jejunum and ileum, part of the mesentery and, for the duodenum in areas where serosa is lacking, part of the interface with the pancreas. T4: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum or … |
C133897 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or extending into nonperitonealized perimuscular tissue (mesentery or retroperitoneum) without serosal penetration. For T3 tumors, the nonperitonealized perimuscular tissue is, for the jejunum and ileum, part of the mesentery and, for the duodenum in areas where serosa is lacking, part of the interface with the pancreas. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJC… |
C133898 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum or directly invading other organs or structures (e.g., other loops of small intestine, mesentery of adjacent loops of bowel, and abdominal wall by way of serosa; for duodenum only, invasion of pancreas or bile duct). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133899 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: Any T, N1, M0; IIIB: Any T, N2, M0. N1: Metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in three or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133900 |
“Stage IIIA includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133901 |
“Stage IIIB includes: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Metastasis in three or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C133902 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134117 |
“A term that refers to the staging of appendiceal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas of the appendix, including high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas, and goblet cell carcinoids. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) are staged according to the classification for neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134118 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (intramucosal carcinoma; invasion of the lamina propria or extension into but not through the muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134119 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis(LAMN), N0, M0. Tis(LAMN): Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm confined by the muscularis propria. Acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium may invade into the muscularis propria. T1 and T2 are not applicable to LAMN. Acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium that extends into the subserosa or serosa should be classified as T3 or T4a, respectively. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134120 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134121 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4a, N0, M0; IIC: T4b, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or serosa of the mesoappendix. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134122 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134123 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or serosa of the mesoappendix. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134124 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134125 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0); IIIC: (Any T, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor invades the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or mesoappendix, an… |
C134126 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph node measuring 0.2 mm or more) or any number of tumor deposits is present, and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134127 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor invades the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or mesoappendix, and/or directly invades adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph node measuring 0.2 mm or more) or any number of tumor deposits is present, and all id… |
C134128 |
“Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134129 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b, G1); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b, G2, G3, or GX); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c, Any G). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Intraperitoneal acellular mucin, without identifiable tumor cells in the disseminated peritoneal mucinous deposits. M1b: Intraperitoneal metastasis only, including peritoneal mucinous deposits containing tumor cells. M1c: Metastasis to sites other than peritoneum. G1: Well differentiated. G2: Moderately diffe… |
C134130 |
“Stage IVA includes: (Any T, N0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b, G1). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Intraperitoneal acellular mucin, without identifiable tumor cells in the disseminated peritoneal mucinous deposits. M1b: Intraperitoneal metastasis only, including peritoneal mucinous deposits containing tumor cells. G1: Well differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134131 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b, G2, G3, or GX. M1b: Intraperitoneal metastasis only, including peritoneal mucinous deposits containing tumor cells. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134132 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c, Any G. M1c: Metastasis to sites other than peritoneum. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134153 |
A neuroblastoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C134154 |
A lymphoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C134157 |
The reemergence of a lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C134168 |
A histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C134172 |
The reemergence of a histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C134175 |
The reemergence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis after a period of remission. |
C134177 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis that does not respond to treatment. |
C134180 |
“A term that refers to the staging of colorectal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the colon and rectum. Appendiceal carcinomas, anal carcinomas, and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) are not covered by this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134182 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma (involvement of lamina propria with no extension through muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134185 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134186 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4a, N0, M0; IIC: T4b, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant meta… |
C134187 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134188 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134190 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134191 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bo… |
C134192 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or … |
C134193 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the vis… |
C134194 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumo… |
C134195 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134196 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134197 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134198 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134251 |
“A term that refers to the staging of colon cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the colon. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134258 |
“A term that refers to the staging of rectal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the rectum. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134271 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma (involvement of lamina propria with no extension through muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134273 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134274 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4a, N0, M0; IIC: T4b, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant meta… |
C134280 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134281 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134282 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134283 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bo… |
C134284 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or … |
C134285 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the vis… |
C134286 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumo… |
C134287 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134288 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134289 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134290 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134291 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma (involvement of lamina propria with no extension through muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134292 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134293 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4a, N0, M0; IIC: T4b, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant meta… |
C134294 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134295 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134296 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134297 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bo… |
C134298 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or … |
C134299 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the vis… |
C134300 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumo… |
C134301 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134302 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134303 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134304 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134319 |
Acute myeloid leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C134514 |
“A term that refers to the staging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C134515 |
“A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to hepatocellular carcinomas and fibrolamellar carcinomas (fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma). Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas, and sarcomas of the liver are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134516 |
“Stage I includes: IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0). T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 2 cm. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 2 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134517 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 2 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134518 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 2 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134519 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor larger than 2 cm with vascular invasion, or multiple tumors, none larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134520 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Multiple tumors, at least one of which is larger than 5 cm. T4: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein, or tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134521 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Multiple tumors, at least one of which is larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134522 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein, or tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134523 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134524 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134525 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134604 |
“A term that refers to the staging of intrahepatic bile duct cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas (mixed hepatocholangiocarcinomas), and primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. Primary sarcomas of the liver, pure hepatocellular carcinomas, hilar cholangiocarcinomas, and gallbladder carcinomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC … |
C134609 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (intraductal tumor). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134610 |
“Stage I includes: IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0). T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134611 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134612 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134614 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor with intrahepatic vascular invasion, or multiple tumors, with or without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134615 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134616 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134618 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134619 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134660 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gallbladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to gallbladder carcinomas. Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and sarcomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134663 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134665 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or muscular layer. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134667 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T2a, N0, M0; IIB: T2b, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T2b: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134670 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134671 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134672 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T1-3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or muscular layer. T2: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum); or tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. T3: Tumor perforating the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invading the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structur… |
C134673 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforating the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invading the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structure, such as the stomach, duodenum, colon, pancreas, omentum, or extrahepatic bile ducts. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134674 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or muscular layer. T2: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum); or tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. T3: Tumor perforating the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invading the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structure, such as the stomach, duo… |
C134675 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, N0-1, M0; IVB: (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invading the main portal vein or hepatic artery or invading two or more extrahepatic organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastases to one to three regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastases to four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134676 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, N0-1, M0. T4: Tumor invading the main portal vein or hepatic artery or invading two or more extrahepatic organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastases to one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134678 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). N2: Metastases to four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134742 |
“A term that refers to the staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C134743 |
“A term that refers to the staging of hilar cholangiocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. Hilar well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and sarcomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134744 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ/high grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134745 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the bile duct, with extension up to the muscle layer or fibrous tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134746 |
“Stage II includes: T2a-b, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading beyond the wall of the bile duct to surrounding adipose tissue. T2b: Tumor invading adjacent hepatic parenchyma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134747 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); IIIC: (Any T, N1, M0). T3: Tumor invading unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery. T4: Tumor invading the main portal vein or its branches bilaterally, or the common hepatic artery; or unilateral second-order biliary radicals with contralateral portal vein or hepatic artery involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: One to three positive lymph nodes typically involving the hilar, cystic duct, common bi… |
C134748 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading unilateral branches of the portal vein or hepatic artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134749 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor invading the main portal vein or its branches bilaterally, or the common hepatic artery; or unilateral second-order biliary radicals with contralateral portal vein or hepatic artery involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134750 |
“Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: One to three positive lymph nodes typically involving the hilar, cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, posterior pancreatoduodenal, and portal vein lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134751 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N2: Four or more positive lymph nodes involving the hilar, cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, posterior pancreatoduodenal, and portal vein lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134752 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Four or more positive lymph nodes involving the hilar, cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, posterior pancreatoduodenal, and portal vein lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134753 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134755 |
“A term that refers to the staging of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C134756 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (intraductal tumor). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134757 |
“Stage I includes: IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0). T1a: Solitary tumor equal or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134758 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Solitary tumor equal or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134759 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134760 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor with intrahepatic vascular invasion, or multiple tumors, with or without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134761 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134762 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134763 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134764 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134810 |
“A term that refers to the staging of distal bile duct cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C134811 |
“A term that refers to the staging of distal bile duct cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to bile duct adenocarcinomas, biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and papillary carcinomas that arise from the distal bile duct. Tumors arising in the ampulla of Vater, sarcomas, and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134812 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ/high-grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134813 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth less than 5 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134814 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); IIB: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth less than 5 mm. T2: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth of 5-12 mm. T3: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth greater than 12 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134815 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth less than 5 mm. T2: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth of 5-12 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134816 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T2: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth of 5-12 mm. T3: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth greater than 12 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134817 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth less than 5 mm. T2: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth of 5-12 mm. T3: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth greater than 12 mm. T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymp… |
C134818 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth less than 5 mm. T2: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth of 5-12 mm. T3: Tumor invading the bile duct wall with a depth greater than 12 mm. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134819 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134820 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134831 |
“A sebaceous gland carcinoma affecting the eyelid. It arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, or glands associated with the caruncle. It usually affects elderly women and is characterized by high rate of local recurrence, regional, and distant metastases.” |
C134834 |
“The reemergence of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, BCR-ABL1-like after a period of remission.” |
C134835 |
“B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, BCR-ABL1-like that does not respond to treatment.” |
C134863 |
“A term that refers to the staging of ampulla of Vater cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C134864 |
“A term that refers to the staging of ampulla of Vater cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system does not apply to well-differentiated neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors but does apply to high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as small cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C134865 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134866 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi. T1b: Tumor invading beyond the sphincter of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) and/or into the duodenal submucosa. T2: Tumor invading into the muscularis propria of the duodenum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134867 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134868 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor invading beyond the sphincter of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) and/or into the duodenal submucosa. T2: Tumor invading into the muscularis propria of the duodenum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134869 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIB: T3b, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or extending into peripancreatic tissue or duodenal serosa without involvement of the celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134870 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134871 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or extending into peripancreatic tissue or duodenal serosa without involvement of the celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134872 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a, N1, M0); (T3b, N1, M0); IIIB: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, N2, M0). T1a: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi. T1b: Tumor invading beyond the sphincter of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) and/or into the duodenal submucosa. T2: Tumor invading into the muscularis propria of the duodenum. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or … |
C134873 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a, N1, M0); (T3b, N1, M0). T1a: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi. T1b: Tumor invading beyond the sphincter of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) and/or into the duodenal submucosa. T2: Tumor invading into the muscularis propria of the duodenum. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or extending into peripancreatic tissue or duode… |
C134874 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, N2, M0). T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery, irrespective of size. N2: Metastasis to four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134875 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134902 |
“A term that refers to the staging of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cancer including well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions.” |
C134909 |
“A term that refers to the staging of pancreatic cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with associated invasive carcinoma, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm with associated invasive carcinoma, colloid carcinoma, mucinous cystic neoplasm with associated invasive carcinoma, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, large cell neuroendocrine… |
C134914 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. This includes high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIn-3), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia, and mucinous cystic neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134915 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134917 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134920 |
“Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134921 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134925 |
“Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134927 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134928 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery, regardless of size. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134930 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C134941 |
“An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the GATA1 gene encoding erythroid transcription factor. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and impairment of hemoglobin chain synthesis.” |
C134952 |
“Charcot-Marie-Tooth caused by mutation(s) in the MFN2 gene, encoding mitofusin-2. It results in peripheral axonal neuropathy.” |
C134953 |
“A form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease which is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. It is caused by mutation(s) in the NEFL gene, encoding neurofilament light polypeptide. It results in peripheral axonal neuropathy.” |
C134954 |
“A form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease which is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. It is caused by mutation(s) in the FIG4 gene, encoding polyphosphoinositide phosphatase. It results in peripheral demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy.” |
C135017 |
A non-small cell lung carcinoma without evidence of squamous differentiation. |
C135045 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a gastric neuroendocrine tumor according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to gastric “”carcinoid”” tumors (NET G1 and G2, and rare well-differentiated G3). Gastric high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma and gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma are not included in this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135046 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and is less than or equal to 1 cm in size. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135047 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or is greater than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135048 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and is less than or equal to 1 cm in size. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or is greater than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metasta… |
C135049 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, N0, N1, M1); (T2, N0, N1, M1); (T3, N0, N1, M1); (T4, N0, N1, M1). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and is less than or equal to 1 cm in size. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or is greater than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metast… |
C135075 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a duodenal neuroendocrine tumor according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum. Carcinomas of the duodenum, including high-grade (grade 3), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas are not included in this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135076 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the mucosa or submucosa only and is equal or less than 1 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135077 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm. T3: Tumor invading the pancreas or peripancreatic adipose tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135078 |
“Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135079 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135080 |
“A well-differentiated, low-, intermediate-, or high-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the duodenum.” |
C135081 |
“A term that refers to the staging of an ampulla of Vater neuroendocrine tumor according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the ampulla of Vater. Carcinomas of the ampulla of Vater, including high-grade (grade 3), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas are not included in this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135082 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less and is confined within the sphincter of Oddi. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135083 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invading through the sphincter of Oddi into duodenal submucosa or muscularis propria, or measuring more than 1 cm. T3: Tumor invading the pancreas or peripancreatic adipose tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135084 |
“Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135085 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135087 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SMARCAL1 gene, encoding SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A-like protein 1. It is characterized by short stature, intrauterine growth restriction, microdontia, depressed nasal bridge, skeletal dysplasia, immune complex nephritis and immune deficiency.” |
C135088 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the COL2A1 gene, encoding collagen alpha-1(II) chain. It is characterized by short stature, pugilistic facies, midface hypoplasia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, kyphosis, short ulna, and absent styloid process. Mutation(s) in the same gene are responsible for Kniest dysplasia.” |
C135090 |
“A well-differentiated, low-, intermediate-, or high-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the jejunum.” |
C135092 |
“A well-differentiated, low-, intermediate-, or high-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ileum.” |
C135119 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a jejunal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This classification system applies to small bowel “”carcinoid”” tumors (NET G1 and G2, and rare well-differentiated G3) arising in the jejunum. This classification system does not apply to high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas, and neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135120 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135121 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135122 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, N2, M0); (T3, N1, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node me… |
C135123 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T2, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T3, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T4, N0, N1, N2, M1). T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node m… |
C135124 |
“A term that refers to the staging of an ileal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This classification system applies to small bowel “”carcinoid”” tumors (NET G1 and G2, and rare well-differentiated G3) arising in the ileum. This classification system does not apply to high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas, and neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135125 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135126 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135127 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, N2, M0); (T3, N1, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node me… |
C135128 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T2, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T3, N0, N1, N2, M1); (T4, N0, N1, N2, M1). T1: Tumor invading lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 1 cm or less in size. T2: Tumor invading muscularis propria or measuring more than 1 cm in size. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node m… |
C135129 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a digestive system neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C135155 |
“A term that refers to the staging of an appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C135156 |
“A term that refers to the staging of an appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to appendiceal NETs (carcinoid tumors) (NET G1 and G2, and rare well-differentiated G3). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), goblet cell carcinoids, mixed adenocarcinomas, and adenocarcinomas of the appendix are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135157 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135158 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than or equal to 4 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm or with subserosal invasion or involvement of the mesoappendix. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135159 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than or equal to 4 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm or with subserosal invasion or involvement of the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor perforating the peritoneum or directly invading other adjacent organs or structures (excluding direct mural extension to adjacent subserosa of adjacent bowel), e.g., abdomin… |
C135160 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, N0, N1, M1); (T2, N0, N1, M1); (T3, N0, N1, M1); (T4, N0, N1, M1). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than or equal to 4 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm or with subserosal invasion or involvement of the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor perforating the peritoneum or directly invading other adjacent organs or structures (excluding direct mural extension to adjacent subserosa of adjacent bowel), e.g., abdomi… |
C135176 |
A type of cataract that forms deep in the central zone (nucleus) of the lens. Nuclear cataracts are usually associated with aging. |
C135177 |
“A type of cataract that occurs in the lens cortex. It is characterized by white, wedge-like opacities that start in the periphery of the lens and work their way to the center in a spoke-like fashion.” |
C135180 |
“A type of cataract that forms in the most posterior cortical layer of the lens, directly under the lens capsule. This type of cataract tends to occur in younger patients than cortical or nuclear sclerotic cataracts.” |
C135193 |
A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by mild yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135194 |
A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by moderate yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135195 |
A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by pronounced yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135196 |
A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by severe yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135197 |
A stage of cortical cataract characterized by 10% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135198 |
A stage of cortical cataract characterized by 10-50% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135199 |
A stage of cortical cataract characterized by 50-90% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135200 |
A stage of cortical cataract characterized by greater than 90% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135201 |
A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 3% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135202 |
A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 30% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135203 |
A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 50% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135204 |
A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by greater than 50% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II) |
C135205 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a colorectal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to colorectal “”carcinoid”” tumors (neuroendocrine tumor G1 and G2, and rare-well differentiated G3). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon and rectum are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135206 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135207 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135208 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135209 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135210 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N1: Regional … |
C135211 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, Any N, M1); (T2, Any N, M1); (T3, Any N, M1); (T4, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. M1:… |
C135212 |
“A well-differentiated, low-, intermediate-, or high-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon.” |
C135213 |
“A well-differentiated, low-, intermediate-, or high-grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the rectum.” |
C135214 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a colon neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to colon “”carcinoid”” tumors (neuroendocrine tumor G1 and G2, and rare-well differentiated G3). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135368 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135369 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135370 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135524 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135525 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N1: Regional … |
C135526 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, Any N, M1); (T2, Any N, M1); (T3, Any N, M1); (T4, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. M1:… |
C135527 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a rectal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to rectal “”carcinoid”” tumors (neuroendocrine tumor G1 and G2, and rare-well differentiated G3). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas and mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas of the rectum are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135528 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135529 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135530 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135531 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135532 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. N1: Regional … |
C135533 |
“Stage IV includes: (T1, Any N, M1); (T2, Any N, M1); (T3, Any N, M1); (T4, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor invading the muscularis propria or measuring more than 2 cm with invasion of the lamina propria or submucosa. T3: Tumor invading through the muscularis propria into subserosal tissue without penetration of overlying serosa. T4: Tumor invading the visceral peritoneum (serosa) or other organs or adjacent structures. M1:… |
C135560 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, following the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) v8 staging guidelines. This staging system applies to well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors arising in the pancreas. Carcinomas of the pancreas, including high-grade (grade 3), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C135561 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring less than 2 cm. N0: No regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135562 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring 2-4 cm. T3: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring more than 4 cm; or tumor invading the duodenum or bile duct. N0: No regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135563 |
“Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor invading adjacent organs (stomach, spleen, colon, adrenal gland) or the wall of large vessels (celiac axis or the superior mesenteric artery). N0: No regional lymph node involvement. N1: Regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135564 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C135565 |
“A rare hyperplastic lesion of Brunner’s gland in the duodenum. Although it is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, it may cause hemorrhage.” |
C135725 |
“Cockayne syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the ERCC8 gene, encoding DNA excision repair protein ERCC-8.” |
C135726 |
“Cockayne syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the ERCC6 gene, encoding DNA excision repair protein ERCC-6.” |
C136240 |
A carcinoma that originates from the rectum and has spread to the liver. |
C136320 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a thymus epithelial neoplasm, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to thymomas, thymus carcinomas, thymus neuroendocrine tumors, and combined thymus carcinomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136322 |
“Stage I includes: T1a, b, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor with no mediastinal pleura involvement. T1b: Tumor with direct invasion of mediastinal pleura. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136323 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor with direct invasion of the pericardium (either partial or full thickness). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136325 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136327 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136328 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136329 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a); IVB: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136330 |
“Stage IVA includes: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136331 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136345 |
“A term that refers to the staging of thymoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136348 |
“Stage I includes: T1a, b, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor with no mediastinal pleura involvement. T1b: Tumor with direct invasion of mediastinal pleura. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136349 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor with direct invasion of the pericardium (either partial or full thickness). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136350 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136351 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136352 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136353 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a); IVB: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136354 |
“Stage IVA includes: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136356 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136374 |
“A term that refers to the staging of pleural malignant mesothelioma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136399 |
“A term that refers to the staging of pleural malignant mesothelioma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to pleural diffuse malignant mesothelioma only. Localized pleural malignant mesotheliomas and other primary tumors of the pleura are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136400 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T2 or T3, N0, M0). T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. T3: … |
C136401 |
“Stage IB includes: T2 or T3, N0, M0. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. T3: Tumor is locally advanced but potentially resectable. The tumor involves all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral p… |
C136402 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. N1: Metastases in… |
C136403 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N1, M0); IIIB: (T1-3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmona… |
C136404 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N1, M0. T3: Tumor is locally advanced but potentially resectable. The tumor involves all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of the endothoracic fascia, extension into the mediastinal fat, solitary, completely resectable focus of tumor extending into the soft tissues of the chest wall, and/or nontransmural involvement of the pericardium. N1: Metastases i… |
C136405 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1-3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. T3: Tumor … |
C136406 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis present. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136409 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136410 |
A malignant germ cell tumor that affects the peritoneum. |
C136427 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the head and neck region and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C136464 |
“An autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by mutation(s) in the PRKAR1A gene, encoding cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit. It is characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, and characteristic facial features. Resistance to multiple hormones is a common finding.” |
C136467 |
“A term that refers to the staging of lung cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system derives from analyses of the new retrospective and prospective databases of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). These databases contain information on patients diagnosed with lung cancer from 1999 to 2010 originating from 35 different databases in 16 countries around the world. This staging system applies to carcinomas of the lun… |
C136468 |
“Occult lung cancer includes: TX, N0, M0. TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136469 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCIS). Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS): adenocarcinoma with pure lepidic pattern, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136470 |
“Stage I includes: IA1: (T1mi, N0, M0); (T1a, N0, M0); IA2: (T1b, N0, M0); IA3: (T1c, N0, M0); IB: (T2a, N0, M0). T1mi: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: adenocarcinoma (3 cm or less in greatest dimension) with a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus … |
C136471 |
“Stage IA1 includes: IA1: (T1mi, N0, M0); (T1a, N0, M0). T1mi: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: adenocarcinoma (3 cm or less in greatest dimension) with a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon…. |
C136472 |
“Stage IA2 includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136473 |
“Stage IA3 includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136474 |
“Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136475 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); IIB: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T1c, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0); (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring mor… |
C136476 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136477 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T1c, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0); (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or l… |
C136478 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T1c, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); IIIB: (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T1c, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N2, M0); IIIC: (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N3, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also i… |
C136479 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T1c, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring… |
C136480 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T1c, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 c… |
C136481 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N3, M0). T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension or directly invading any of the following: parietal pleura (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), phrenic nerve, parietal pericardium; or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe as the primary. T4: Tumor measuring more than 7 cm or tumor of any size invading one or more of the following: diaphragm, mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent l… |
C136482 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Tumor with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural or pericardial nodules or malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Most pleural (pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are a result of the tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple microscopic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and not an exudate. If t… |
C136483 |
“Stage IVA includes: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). M1a: Tumor with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural or pericardial nodules or malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Most pleural (pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are a result of the tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple microscopic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and not an exudate. If these elements and clinical jud… |
C136484 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1c. M1c: Tumor with multiple extrathoracic metastases in a single organ or in multiple organs. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136486 |
“A localized non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the lung measuring 3 cm or less. It is characterized by a pure lepidic growth pattern and the lack of stromal, vascular, or pleural invasion.” |
C136488 |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C136489 |
Erdheim-Chester disease that does not respond to treatment. |
C136490 |
“A term that refers to the staging of lung adenocarcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136491 |
“A term that refers to the staging of non-small cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136492 |
“A term that refers to the staging of adenosquamous lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136493 |
“A term that refers to the staging of large cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136494 |
“A term that refers to the staging of squamous cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136496 |
“A term that refers to the staging of small cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136517 |
The reemergence of anaplastic astrocytoma after a period of remission. |
C136518 |
The reemergence of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma after a period of remission. |
C136519 |
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C136610 |
“A term that refers to the staging of bone cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136612 |
“A term that refers to the staging of appendicular skeleton, trunk, skull, and facial bones cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, hemangioendothelioma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma/myofibroid sarcoma, chordoma, adamantinoma, and other cancers arising in the bone. It does not apply to primary malignant lymphoma of the bone and multiple myeloma. There are no AJCC prog… |
C136613 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0, G1 or GX); IB: (T2, N0, M0, G1 or GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1 or GX). T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Well differentiated, low grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136614 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, G1 or GX. T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Well differentiated, low grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136615 |
“Stage IB includes: (T2, N0, M0, G1 or GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1 or GX). T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Well differentiated, low grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136616 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N0, M0, G2 or G3); IIB: (T2, N0, M0, G2 or G3). T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136617 |
“Stage IIA includes: T1, N0, M0, G2 or G3. T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136618 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0, G2 or G3. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136619 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0, G2 or G3. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136620 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N0, M1a, Any G); IVB: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Metastasis in the lung. M1b: Metastasis in the bone or other distant sites. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136621 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, N0, M1a, Any G. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Metastasis in the lung. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136622 |
“Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1b: Metastasis in the bone or other distant sites. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136632 |
“A term that refers to the staging of bone sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136633 |
“A term that refers to the staging of osteosarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136649 |
The reemergence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C136650 |
The reemergence of cervical adenosquamous carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C136651 |
The reemergence of cervical adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C136653 |
“An X-linked condition caused by mutation(s) in the GATA1 gene, encoding erythroid transcription factor. It is characterized by thrombocytopenia, as well as abnormal platelet function and morphology. Dyserythropoietic anemia of variable severity may also be present.” |
C136693 |
“A term that refers to the staging of soft tissue sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136694 |
“A term that refers to the staging of soft tissue sarcoma of the trunk and extremities, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136696 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0, G1, GX); IB: (T2, T3, T4, N0, M0, G1, GX). T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assess… |
C136698 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 2 or 3. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136700 |
“Stage IB includes: T2, T3, T4, N0, M0, G1, GX. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 2 or 3. (AJCC 8th ed… |
C136701 |
“Stage II includes: T1, N0, M0, G2, G3. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or 8. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136702 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T2, N0, M0, G2, G3); IIIB: (T3, T4, N0, M0, G2, G3). T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total… |
C136703 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T2, N0, M0, G2, G3. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or 8. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136705 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3, T4, N0, M0, G2, G3. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or 8. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136706 |
“Stage IV includes: (Any T, N1, M0, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136707 |
“A term that refers to the staging of soft tissue sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136708 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136709 |
“An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the lung. It is characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells and mucin production. This category refers to cases formerly classified as mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, excluding cases that meet the criteria for adenocarcinoma in situ or mucinous minimally invasive adenocarcinoma.” |
C136710 |
A well-differentiated adenocarcinoma located in the lung periphery. It resembles colorectal adenocarcinoma with acinar and/or cribriform architecture and papillotubular structures. |
C136713 |
“A squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of keratinization, pearl formation, and/or intercellular bridges.” |
C136714 |
“A squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by the absence of keratinization, pearl formation, and intercellular bridges.” |
C136716 |
Lung adenocarcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of type II pneumocyte and/or Clara cell differentiation. Almost all cases of lung adenocarcinoma in situ are non-mucinous. |
C136717 |
A very rare lung adenocarcinoma in situ variant characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells with basal nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic mucin. |
C136719 |
“A preinvasive bronchial neoplastic lesion affecting the squamous epithelium. It is characterized by the absence of progression of maturation from base to luminal surface, basilar zone expansion with cellular crowding throughout the epithelium, absence of the intermediate zone, and surface flattening confined to the most superficial cells. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio is often high and variable, the chromatin is coarse and uneven, and mitotic figures are present through full thickness. T… |
C136767 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system does not apply to pediatric GIST, familial GIST (germline mutant KIT or PDGFRA), or syndromic GIST (no AJCC staging system available). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136768 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gastric and omental gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136769 |
“A term that refers to the staging of small intestinal, esophageal, colorectal, mesenteric, and peritoneal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136770 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1 or T2, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate); IB: (T3, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136771 |
“Stage IA includes: T1 or T2, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136772 |
“Stage IB includes: T3, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136773 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T2, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T4, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square mil… |
C136774 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate). T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136775 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136777 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136778 |
“Stage IV includes: (Any T, N1, M0, Any Mitotic Rate); (Any T, Any N, M1, Any Mitotic Rate). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136780 |
“Stage I includes: T1 or T2, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136781 |
“Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136783 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T4, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate); IIIB: (T2, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T3, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T4, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant meta… |
C136784 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T4, N0, M0, Low Mitotic Rate). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. Low Mitotic Rate: Five or fewer mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136785 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T3, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate); (T4, N0, M0, High Mitotic Rate). T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but not more than 10 cm. T4: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. High Mitotic Rate: Over 5 mitoses per 5 square millimeters, or per 50 HPF. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136786 |
“Stage IV includes: (Any T, N1, M0, Any Mitotic Rate); (Any T, Any N, M1, Any Mitotic Rate). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136811 |
“A term that refers to the staging of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to common sarcomas in the retroperitoneum. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C136812 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0, G1, GX); IB: (T2, T3, T4, N0, M0, G1, GX). T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assess… |
C136813 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 2 or 3. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136814 |
“Stage IB includes: T2, T3, T4, N0, M0, G1, GX. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 2 or 3. (AJCC 8th ed… |
C136815 |
“Stage II includes: T1, N0, M0, G2, G3. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or 8. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136816 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T2, N0, M0, G2, G3); IIIB: (T3, T4, N0, M0, G2, G3); (Any T, N1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differenti… |
C136817 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T2, N0, M0, G2, G3. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm and less than or equal to 10 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or 8. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136818 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3, T4, N0, M0, G2, G3); (Any T, N1, M0, Any G). T3: Tumor measuring more than 10 cm and less than or equal to 15 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor measuring more than 15 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis or unknown lymph node status. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 4 or 5. G3: Total differentiation, mitotic count and necrosis score of 6, 7, or … |
C136819 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136825 |
“A junctional or compound cutaneous melanocytic neoplasm not fulfilling the histopathologic criteria of melanoma but with one of the following features: asymmetry, predominance of single melanocytes over nests in lesions 4 mm or larger, ulceration, large dermal sheets of melanocytes, lack of maturation in dermis, deep dermal mitotic figures, extensive involvement of subcutis, and nuclear pleomorphism. (Mod Pathol 2006;19: S21)” |
C136869 |
“A term that refers to the staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C136870 |
“A term that refers to the staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136871 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136872 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: In situ primary tumor. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136873 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136874 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2-3, N0, M0); IIB: (T4, N0, M0). T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136875 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2-3, N0, M0. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136876 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136877 |
“Stage III includes: T0-4, N1-3, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s). N2: In-transit metastasis (discontinuous from primary tumor; located between primary tumor and draining regional nodal bas… |
C136878 |
“Stage IV includes: T0-4, Any N, M1. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. M1: Distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136880 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C136881 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: In situ primary tumor. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136882 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136883 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2-3, N0, M0); IIB: (T4, N0, M0). T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136884 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2-3, N0, M0. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136885 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136886 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-4, N1a(sn) or N1a, M0); (T0, N1b, M0); IIIB: (T1-4, N1b-3, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1a(sn): Clinically occult regional lymph node metastasis identified only by sentinel lymph node biopsy. N… |
C136887 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T1-4, N1a(sn) or N1a, M0); (T0, N1b, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1a(sn): Clinically occult regional lymph node metastasis identified only by sentinel lymph node biopsy. N1a: Clinically occult regional… |
C136888 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T1-4, N1b-3, M0. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1b: Clinically and/or radiologically detected regional lymph node metastasis, microscopically confirmed. N2: In-transit metastasis (discontinuous from primary tumor; located between primary tumor… |
C136889 |
“Stage IV includes: T0-4, Any N, M1. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. M1: Distant metastasis microscopically confirmed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C136971 |
The reemergence of lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C136972 |
“An aggressive, castration-resistant, histologically distinct, metastatic carcinoma arising from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of a pure population of cytologically bland malignant epithelial cells with moderate to abundant cytoplasm and rare mitotic figures. The prognosis is poor.” |
C137645 |
“A term that refers to the staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system does not apply to melanoma of the conjunctiva, melanoma of the uvea, mucosal melanoma arising in the head and neck, and mucosal melanoma of the urethra, vagina, rectum, and anus. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C137646 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C137647 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137648 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatelli… |
C137649 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137650 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137651 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0); IIB: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIC: (T4b, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more tha… |
C137652 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137653 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137654 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137655 |
“Stage III includes: Any T, Tis, N1 or More, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. N1: One tumor-involved node or in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases with no tumor-involved nodes. N2: Two or three tumor-involved nodes or in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases with one tumor-involved node. N3: Four or more tumor-involved nodes or in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases with two or more tumo… |
C137656 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Evidence of distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137657 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C137662 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137663 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0); IB: (T2a, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatelli… |
C137664 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137665 |
“Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137666 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0); IIB: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIC: (T4b, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more tha… |
C137667 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137668 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137669 |
“Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137670 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1a/b-T2a, N1a or N2a, M0); IIIB: (T0, N1b, N1c, M0); (T1a/b-T2a, N1b/c or N2b, M0); (T2b/T3a, N1a-N2b, M0); IIIC: (T0, N2b, N2c, N3b or N3c); (T1a-T3a, N2c or N3a/b/c, M0); (T3b/T4a, Any N greater than or equal to N1, M0); (T4b, N1a-N2c, M0); IIID: (T4b, N3a/b/c, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceratio… |
C137671 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T1a/b-T2a, N1a or N2a, M0. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N1a: One clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite… |
C137672 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T0, N1b, N1c, M0); (T1a/b-T2a, N1b/c or N2b, M0); (T2b/T3a, N1a-N2b, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor (e.g., unknown primary or completely regressed melanoma). Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal … |
C137673 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T0, N2b, N2c, N3b or N3c); (T1a-T3a, N2c or N3a/b/c, M0); (T3b/T4a, Any N greater than or equal to N1, M0); (T4b, N1a-N2c, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor (e.g., unknown primary or completely regressed melanoma). Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulc… |
C137674 |
“Breast carcinoma presenting with isolated axillary lymphadenopathy, without clinical or mammographic evidence of breast tumor.” |
C137675 |
“Stage IIID includes: T4b, N3a/b/c, M0. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. N3a: Four or more clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3b: Four or more nodal metastases, at least one of which was clinically detected, or presence of any number of matted nodes. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases… |
C137677 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Tis, Any N, M1. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. M1: Evidence of distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C137839 |
Breast lobular carcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of neoplastic large cells with marked nuclear pleomorphism. |
C137857 |
Anal carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C137862 |
Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C137957 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the KCNH2 gene, encoding potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval that may result in torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden cardiac death.” |
C137959 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SCN5A gene, encoding sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval that may result in torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden cardiac death.” |
C138013 |
The reemergence of gray-zone lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138014 |
Gray-zone lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138015 |
The reemergence of extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138018 |
Extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138019 |
The reemergence of central nervous system lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138020 |
Central nervous system lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138021 |
The reemergence of testicular lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138022 |
Testicular lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138023 |
The reemergence of breast lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138024 |
Breast lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138025 |
The reemergence of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C138026 |
Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C138027 |
“The reemergence of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type after a period of remission.” |
C138028 |
“Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type that is resistant to treatment.” |
C138167 |
“A header term that includes the following prostate carcinoma subtypes determined by gene expression profiling: luminal A prostate carcinoma, luminal B prostate carcinoma, and basal-like prostate carcinoma.” |
C138168 |
“Prostate carcinoma associated with increased androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway), increased luminal markers, and a lower proliferation score than the luminal B and basal-like prostate carcinomas.” |
C138169 |
“Prostate carcinoma associated with increased androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway), increased luminal markers, and a higher proliferation score than the luminal A prostate carcinoma. Patients with luminal B prostate carcinoma have the poorest prognosis but respond better to postoperative androgen deprivation therapy compared to patients with non-luminal B prostate carcinoma.” |
C138170 |
“Prostate carcinoma in which the CD49f signature is increased, the luminal markers and androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway) are not increased, and the proliferation score is higher than the luminal A prostate carcinoma.” |
C138171 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PTS gene, encoding 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydrobiopterin synthase. It is characterized by BH4-defecient hyperphenylalanemia, depletion of dopamine and serotonin, and progressive cognitive and motor deficits.” |
C138173 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the QDPR gene, encoding dihydropteridine reductase. It is characterized by BH4-defecient hyperphenylalanemia, depletion of dopamine and serotonin, and progressive cognitive and motor deficits.” |
C138174 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the EPG5 gene, encoding ectopic P granules protein 5 homolog. It is characterized by variable immunodeficiency, cleft lip/palate, cataracts, hypopigmentation, and absent corpus callosum.” |
C138179 |
“A vaso-occlusive crisis of the pulmonary vasculature occurring in patients with sickle cell disease. It is characterized by the presence of a new radiodensity on a chest radiograph accompanied by fever, cough, sputum production, dyspnea, or hypoxia.” |
C138181 |
“A follicular neoplasia confined to the germinal centers of the lymph nodes, without evidence of disseminated disease. It is characterized by the replacement of a germinal center by neoplastic centrocytes with uniformly intense positivity for BCL2. The surrounding mantle cuff and lymphoid architecture are intact. It has a low rate of progression to follicular lymphoma, but is often associated with prior or synchronous overt lymphoma.” |
C138183 |
The reemergence of an abdominal neuroendocrine neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C138184 |
An abdominal neuroendocrine neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C138185 |
“A localized low-grade follicular lymphoma within the gastrointestinal tract, which is distinct from other gastrointestinal tract follicular lymphomas. It has features that overlap with in situ follicular neoplasia as well as some features resembling an extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. The prognosis is excellent.” |
C138186 |
“A predominantly diffuse, low-grade follicular lymphoma. It often presents as a large localized inguinal mass, lacks BCL2 rearrangement, and is associated with 1p36 deletion.” |
C138191 |
“A neoplastic lymphoid process characterized by the presence of cyclin D1 positive lymphoid cells, typically in the inner mantle zones of lymphoid tissue follicles, in cases that do not suggest the diagnosis of a mantle cell lymphoma. It is often found incidentally and has a low rate of progression.” |
C138192 |
“Mantle cell lymphoma involving the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and often spleen. It usually has an indolent clinical course.” |
C138195 |
“High-grade B-cell lymphoma characterized by the abnormal rearrangement of MYC gene, BCL2 gene, and/or BCL6 gene. Patients with this type of lymphoma usually respond poorly to standard treatments and have a poor prognosis.” |
C138211 |
“A term that refers to high-grade B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified or high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements.” |
C138320 |
“A large B-cell lymphoma characterized by the presence of a diffuse proliferation of large, atypical HHV8-positive neoplastic lymphocytes. It usually arises in association with HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease.” |
C138899 |
“A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by double expression of MYC and BCL2 proteins without MYC and BCL2 gene aberrations. These lymphomas may have a worse prognosis than other diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified, but they are not as aggressive as the high-grade B-cell lymphomas, with rearrangements of MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 genes.” |
C139001 |
A soft tissue sarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C139002 |
The reemergence of soft tissue sarcoma after a period of remission. |
C139005 |
“A group of node-based peripheral T-cell lymphomas with phenotypic features of T follicular helper (TFH) cells. This category includes the following: follicular helper T-cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic-type; follicular helper T-cell lymphoma, follicular-type; and follicular helper T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.” |
C139008 |
A header term that refers to the staging of multiple myeloma according to the Durie/Salmon staging system. |
C139009 |
A header term that refers to the staging of multiple myeloma according to the International Staging System. |
C139011 |
Follicular helper T-cell lymphoma that does not meet the criteria for any other specifically defined entity of follicular helper T-cell lymphoma. |
C139012 |
A rare anaplastic large cell lymphoma that develops in individuals with breast implants. It usually presents as an accumulation of seroma fluid between the implant and the surrounding fibrous capsule. The median interval from the time of the implant to the development of lymphoma is approximately 10 years. |
C139014 |
A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis which mimics primary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8-positive cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma. |
C139015 |
A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis characterized by the presence of atypical lymphocytes which exhibited distinct angioinvasion. |
C139017 |
A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis associated with chromosomal rearrangements involving the DUSP22-IRF4 locus at 6p25.3. |
C139021 |
“A clonal T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that can involve the mucosa in all sites of the gastrointestinal tract, but is most common in the small intestine and colon. The lymphoid cells infiltrate the lamina propria but usually do not show invasion of the epithelium. The clinical course is indolent, but most patients do not respond to conventional chemotherapy. A subset of cases progress to a higher-grade T-cell lymphoma with spread beyond the gastrointestinal tract. (WHO 2017)” |
C139023 |
A primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that presents as an acral (peripheral) lesion. It is composed of CD8-positive neoplastic T-lymphocytes. It is usually localized to a single site and has an indolent clinical course. Local or more extensive recurrences have been described in a minority of patients. |
C139028 |
An early lesion of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with the morphologic appearance of florid follicular hyperplasia. |
C139151 |
A bony projection that forms on the joints of the body. |
C139288 |
“An EBV-positive T-cell/NK-cell lymphoma that arises from the lymph nodes. It is characterized by a monomorphic pattern of infiltration and abscence of the angiodestruction and necrosis seen in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas. These lymphomas are more common in elderly patient, or in the setting of immune deficiency. (WHO 2017)” |
C139291 |
A head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C139532 |
“A term that refers to the staging of breast cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. It applies to invasive (infiltrating) carcinoma of the breast and ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. It does not apply to breast sarcoma, phyllodes tumor, and breast lymphoma. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139533 |
“A term that refers to the staging of breast cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system should only be used in global regions where biomarker tests are not routinely available. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139534 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Ductal carcinoma in situ. Lobular carcinoma in situ is a benign entity and is removed from TNM staging in the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases. Imaging studies are not required to assign the M0 category. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C139535 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T0, N1mi, M0); (T1, N1mi, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. N1mi: Tumor with micrometastases (approximately 200 cells, larger than 0.2 mm, but none larger than 2.0 mm). M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases. Imaging studies are not required to assign the … |
C139536 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases. Imaging studies are not required to assign the M0 category. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C139537 |
“Stage IB includes: (T0, N1mi, M0); (T1, N1mi, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. N1mi: Tumor with micrometastases (approximately 200 cells, larger than 0.2 mm, but none larger than 2.0 mm). M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastases. Imaging studies are not required to assign the M0 category. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C139538 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); IIB: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm, but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. N1: Tumor with micrometastases; or metastases in 1… |
C139539 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm, but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. N1: Tumor with micrometastases; or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; and/or clinically negative internal mammary nodes with micrometastases … |
C139540 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm, but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. N1: Tumor with micrometastases; or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; and/or clinically negative internal mammary nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases by sentinel lymph node biop… |
C139541 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); IIIC: (Any T, N3, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm, but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor of any size with direct extension to the chest wall and/or to the skin (ulceration o… |
C139542 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 20 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm, but not more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 50 mm in greatest dimension. N1: Tumor with micrometastases; or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; and/or clinically negative internal mammary nodes with micrometastases or macrometastases by se… |
C139543 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T4: Tumor of any size with direct extension to the chest wall and/or to the skin (ulceration or macroscopic nodules); invasion of the dermis alone does not qualify as T4. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. N1: Tumor with micrometastases; or metastases in 1-3 axillary lymph nodes; and/or clinically negative internal mammary nodes with micrometastases or … |
C139544 |
“Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N3, M0. N3: Tumor with metastases in 10 or more axillary lymph nodes; or in infraclavicular (level III axillary) lymph nodes; or positive ipsilateral internal mammary lymph nodes by imaging in the presence of one or more positive level I, II axillary lymph nodes; or in more than three axillary lymph nodes and micrometastases or macrometastases by sentinel lymph node biopsy in clinically negative ipsilateral internal mammary lymph nodes; or in ipsilateral supracla… |
C139545 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastases detected by clinical and radiographic means and/or histologically proven metastases larger than 0.2 mm. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C139546 |
A benign epithelial-stromal neoplasm that arises from the anus and resembles the breast fibroadenoma. |
C139547 |
A benign epithelial-stromal neoplasm that arises from the perineum and resembles the breast fibroadenoma. |
C139548 |
A benign composite neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by mixed histopathologic features of hidradenoma papilliferum and fibroadenoma. |
C139554 |
“A term that refers to the staging of breast cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system should be used in countries where HER2, ER, and PR biomarker tests are routinely performed for patient care (U.S., Canada, etc.). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139555 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, G1-3, HER2 Status: Any, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any. Tis: Ductal carcinoma in situ. Lobular carcinoma in situ is a benign entity and is removed from TNM staging in the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis is identified or isolated tumor cell clusters (ITCs) are identified only. G1: Low combined histologic grade (favorable); SBR score of 3-5 points. G2: Intermediate combined histologic grade (moderately favorable); S… |
C139556 |
“Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any); (T1, N0, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Any); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status:… |
C139557 |
“Stage IA includes: (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any); (T1, N0, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Any); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Po… |
C139558 |
“Stage IB includes: (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Negative, PR St… |
C139565 |
“Lung cancer comprising malignant neoplasms from two or more sites, as determined by clinicopathological assessment.” |
C139569 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: N… |
C139571 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1, N0, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Positive); (T1, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1mi, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negat… |
C139572 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T0-1, N1, M0, G1, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Positive); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Positive, ER Statu… |
C139582 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-1, N1, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any); (T2, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T2, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T2, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Ne… |
C139583 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T0-1, N1, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-1, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any); (T2, N0, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T2, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T2, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negativ… |
C139584 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N1, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T2, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T3, N0, M0, G1-2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T3, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-2, N2, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-2, N2, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: … |
C139585 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (T2, N1, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any); (T3, N0, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any ); (T0-2, N2, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Negative); (T0-2, N2, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Positive, PR Status: Negative); (T0-2, N2, M0, G3, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR Status: Any); (T3, N1-2, M0, G2, HER2 Status: Negative, ER Status: Negative, PR S… |
C139587 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1, G1-3, HER2 Status: Any, ER Status: Any, PR Status: Any. G1: Low combined histologic grade (favorable); SBR score of 3-5 points. G2: Intermediate combined histologic grade (moderately favorable); SBR score: 6-7 points. G3: High combined histologic grade (unfavorable); SBR score of 8-9 points. M1: Distant metastases detected by clinical and radiographic means and/or histologically proven metastases larger than 0.2 mm. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C139618 |
“A term that refers to the staging of vulvar cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all carcinomas of the vulva. Melanoma of the vulva is staged according to the classification for melanoma of the skin. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139619 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No di… |
C139620 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Lesion measuring 2 cm or less, confined to the vulva and/or perineum, and with stromal invasion of 1.0 mm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139621 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Lesion measuring more than 2 cm, or any size with stromal invasion of more than 1.0 mm, confined to the vulva and/or perineum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139622 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal third of the urethra, lower/distal third of the vagina, anal involvement). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139623 |
“Stage III includes: T1-T2, N1-N2c, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to… |
C139624 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T1-T2, N1, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to ad… |
C139625 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T1-T2, N2a, N2b, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension… |
C139626 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T1-T2, N2c, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to a… |
C139627 |
“Stage IV includes: T1-T3, N3, M0-M1. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to a… |
C139628 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T1-T2, N3, M0); (T3, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size wi… |
C139630 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis (including pelvic lymph node metastasis). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139657 |
“A term that refers to the staging of vaginal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all carcinomas of the vagina. There is no AJCC staging system for mucosal melanoma of the vagina. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139658 |
“Stage I includes: IA: T1a, N0, M0; IB: T1b, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring 2.0 cm or less. T1b: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139659 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring 2.0 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139660 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139661 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T2a, N0, M0; IIB: T2b, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic wall, measuring 2.0 cm or less. T2b: Tumor invading paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic wall, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139662 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic wall, measuring 2.0 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139664 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Tumor invading paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic wall, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139665 |
“Stage III includes: (T1-T3, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the vagina. T2: Tumor invading paravaginal tissues but not to pelvic sidewall. T3: Tumor extending to the pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of the vagina and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Pelvic or inguinal lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139667 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139669 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139670 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139681 |
Histologic transformation of a follicular lymphoma to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. |
C139733 |
“A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C139734 |
“Stage I includes: T1, Any N, M0. T1: Tumor confined to uterus (extension to corpus should be disregarded). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139735 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, Any N, M0. T1a: Tumor diagnosed only by microscopy. Stromal invasion with a maximum depth of 5.0 mm measured from the base of the epithelium and a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. Vascular space involvement, venous or lymphatic, does not affect classification. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139736 |
“Stage IA1 includes: T1a1, Any N, M0. T1a1: Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139737 |
“Stage IA2 includes: T1a2, Any N, M0. T1a2: Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of more than 3.0 mm and not more than 5.0 mm, with a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139738 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, Any N, M0. T1b: Tumor with clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix or microscopic lesion greater than T1a/IA2. It includes all macroscopically visible lesions, even those with superficial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139739 |
“Stage IB1 includes: T1b1, Any N, M0. T1b1: Tumor with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139740 |
“Stage IB2 includes: T1b2, Any N, M0. T1b2: Tumor with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139743 |
“Stage II includes: T2, Any N, M0. T2: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139744 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, Any N, M0. T2a: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139745 |
“Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, Any N, M0. T2a1: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139746 |
“Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, Any N, M0. T2a2: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139748 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, Any N, M0. T2b: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina with parametrial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139749 |
“Stage III includes: T3, Any N, M0. T3: Tumor extending to pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of vagina, and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139750 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, Any N, M0. T3a: Tumor involving the lower third of vagina but not extending to pelvic wall. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139752 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, Any N, M0. T3b: extending to pelvic wall and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139753 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (including peritoneal spread or involvement of the supraclavicular, mediastinal, or distant lymph nodes; lung; liver; or bone). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139754 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139755 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis (including peritoneal spread or involvement of the supraclavicular, mediastinal, or distant lymph nodes; lung; liver; or bone). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139801 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. It does not apply to uterine corpus sarcomas: leiomyosarcomas, endometrial stromal sarcomas, and adenosarcomas. These sarcomas are staged according to the classification for uterine corpus sarcomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139802 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139803 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor limited to the endometrium or invading less than half the myometrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139804 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading one half or more of the myometrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139805 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139806 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, adnexa, vagina, or parametrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139807 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving the serosa and/or adnexa (direct extension or metastasis). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139808 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with vaginal involvement (direct extension or metastasis) or parametrial involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139809 |
“Stage IIIC includes: IIIC1: T1-T3, N1/N1mi/N1a, M0; IIIC2: T1-T3, N2/N2mi/N2a, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, a… |
C139810 |
“Stage IIIC1 includes: T1-T3, N1/N1mi/N1a, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, adnexa, vagina, or parametrium. N1: Re… |
C139811 |
“Stage IIIC2 includes: T1-T3, N2/N2mi/N2a, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, adnexa, vagina, or parametrium. N2: Re… |
C139812 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal disease, lung, liver, or bone. It excludes metastasis to pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, uterine serosa, or adnexa). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139813 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139814 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal disease, lung, liver, or bone. It excludes metastasis to pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, uterine serosa, or adnexa). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139869 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus sarcoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to leiomyosarcomas, endometrial stromal sarcomas, and adenosarcomas of the uterine corpus. It does not apply to carcinosarcomas which are staged according to the carcinomas and carcinosarcomas of the uterine corpus. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139870 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C139871 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139872 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus, measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139873 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus, measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139874 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139875 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0, M0; IIIC: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. T3a: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. T3b: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than… |
C139876 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139877 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139878 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139879 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139880 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139881 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139882 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C139883 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139884 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus, measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139885 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus, measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139886 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139887 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0, M0; IIIC: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. T3a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. T3b: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sa… |
C139888 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139889 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139890 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139891 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139892 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139893 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139894 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus adenosarcoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C139895 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139896 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor limited to the endometrium/endocervix. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139897 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor invading to less than half of the myometrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139898 |
“Stage IC includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor invading more than half of the myometrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139899 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139900 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0, M0; IIIC: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. T3a: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. T3b: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than one site…. |
C139901 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139902 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139903 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139904 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139905 |
“Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Uterine corpus adenosarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139906 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139963 |
“A term that refers to the staging of ovarian cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to ovarian carcinomas. Nonepithelial primary ovarian cancers may be staged using this classification but should be reported separately. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139964 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to ovaries (one or both). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139965 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to one ovary (capsule intact); no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139966 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to one or both ovaries (capsules intact); no tumor on ovarian surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139967 |
“Stage IC includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to one or both ovaries, with any of the following: surgical spill, capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on ovarian surface, or malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139968 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Ovarian cancer with tumor involving one or both ovaries with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139969 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Ovarian cancer with tumor extension and/or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tube(s) and/or ovaries. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139970 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Ovarian cancer with tumor extension to and/or implants on other pelvic tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139971 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA1: T1/2, N1, M0; IIIA2: T3a, N0/N1, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0/N1, M0; IIIC: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T1: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to ovaries (one or both). T2: Ovarian cancer with tumor involving one or both ovaries with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. T3a: Ovarian cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. T3b: Ovarian cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis… |
C139972 |
“Stage IIIA includes: IIIA1: T1/2, N1, M0; IIIA2: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T1: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to ovaries (one or both). T2: Ovarian cancer with tumor involving one or both ovaries with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. T3a: Ovarian cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0… |
C139973 |
“Stage IIIA1 includes: T1/2, N1, M0. T1: Ovarian cancer with tumor limited to ovaries (one or both). T2: Ovarian cancer with tumor involving one or both ovaries with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139974 |
“Stage IIIA2 includes: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T3a: Ovarian cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139975 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0/N1, M0. T3b: Ovarian cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139976 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T3c: Ovarian cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139977 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1: M1: Distant metastasis, including pleural effusion with positive cytology; liver or splenic parenchymal metastasis; metastasis to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); and transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139978 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Ovarian cancer with pleural effusion with positive cytology. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139979 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Ovarian cancer with liver or splenic parenchymal metastases; metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139983 |
“A term that refers to the staging of fallopian tube cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C139984 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139985 |
“Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139986 |
“Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tubes; no tumor on fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139987 |
“Stage IC includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tubes, with any of the following: surgical spill, capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on fallopian tube surface, or malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139988 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139989 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Fallopian tube cancer with extension and/or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tube(s) and/or ovaries. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139990 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor extension to and/or implants on other pelvic tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139991 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA1: T1/2, N1, M0; IIIA2: T3a, N0/N1, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0/N1, M0; IIIC: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. T3a: Fallopian tube cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. T3b: Fallopian tube cancer with macroscopic peritoneal meta… |
C139992 |
“Stage IIIA includes: IIIA1: T1/2, N1, M0; IIIA2: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. T3a: Fallopian tube cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically c… |
C139993 |
“Stage IIIA1 includes: T1/2, N1, M0. T1: T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139994 |
“Stage IIIA2 includes: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T3a: T3a: Fallopian tube cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139995 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0/N1, M0. T3b: Fallopian tube cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139996 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T3c: Fallopian tube cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139997 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1: M1: Distant metastasis, including pleural effusion with positive cytology; liver or splenic parenchymal metastasis; metastasis to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); and transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139998 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Fallopian tube cancer with pleural effusion with positive cytology. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C139999 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Fallopian tube cancer with liver or splenic parenchymal metastases; metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140003 |
“A term that refers to the staging of primary peritoneal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140004 |
“A term that refers to the staging of primary peritoneal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C140005 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Primary peritoneal cancer. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140006 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Primary peritoneal cancer with extension and/or implants on the uterus and/or fallopian tube(s) and/or ovaries. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140007 |
“Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Primary peritoneal cancer with tumor extension to and/or implants on other pelvic tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140008 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T3a, N0/N1, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0/N1, M0; IIIC: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T3a: Primary peritoneal cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. T3b: Primary peritoneal cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. T3c: Primary peritoneal cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metasta… |
C140009 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T3a: Primary peritoneal cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140010 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0/N1, M0. T3b: Primary peritoneal cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140011 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T3c: Primary peritoneal cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140012 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1: M1: Distant metastasis, including pleural effusion with positive cytology; liver or splenic parenchymal metastasis; metastasis to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); and transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140013 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Primary peritoneal cancer with pleural effusion with positive cytology. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140014 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Primary peritoneal cancer with liver or splenic parenchymal metastases; metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140032 |
“A term that refers to the staging of gestational trophoblastic tumor according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140033 |
“A term that refers to the staging of a gestational trophoblastic neoplasm according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This classification applies to the following neoplasms: invasive hydatidiform mole, gestational choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. Complete and partial hydatidiform moles are not included in this classification. The current FIGO classification includes an anatomic stage designated by Roman numeral I… |
C140034 |
“Stage I includes: T1, M0. T1: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm in which the tumor is confined to uterus. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140035 |
“Stage II includes: T2, M0. T2: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm in which the tumor extends to other genital structures (ovary, tube, vagina, broad ligaments) by metastasis or direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140036 |
“Stage III includes: Any T, M1a. M1a: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm with lung metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140037 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, M1b. M1b: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm with all other distant metastases. (AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140075 |
“A term that refers to the staging of penile cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to penile squamous cell carcinoma and associated histologic subtypes. It does not apply to urethral carcinomas, sarcomas, and melanomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140076 |
“Stage 0 includes: 0is: Tis, N0, M0; 0a: Ta, N0, M0. Tis: Penile cancer with a finding of carcinoma in situ (penile intraepithelial neoplasia [PeIN]). Ta: Penile cancer with a finding of noninvasive localized squamous cell carcinoma. N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140077 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Penile cancer with a finding of carcinoma in situ (penile intraepithelial neoplasia [PeIN]). N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140078 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: Penile cancer with a finding of noninvasive localized squamous cell carcinoma. N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140079 |
“Stage I includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Penile cancer with tumor without lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion and is not high grade (i.e., grade 3 or sarcomatoid). N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140080 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0); IIB: (T3, N0, M0). T1b: Penile cancer with tumor exhibiting lymphovascular invasion and/or perineural invasion or is high grade (i.e., grade 3 or sarcomatoid). T2: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpus spongiosum (either glans or ventral shaft) with or without urethral invasion. T3: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpora cavernosum (including tunica albuginea) with or without urethral invasion. N0: No lymph node metastasis… |
C140081 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1b: Penile cancer with tumor exhibiting lymphovascular invasion and/or perineural invasion or is high grade (i.e., grade 3 or sarcomatoid). T2: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpus spongiosum (either glans or ventral shaft) with or without urethral invasion. N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140083 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpora cavernosum (including tunica albuginea) with or without urethral invasion. N0: No lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140084 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T1-3, N1, M0; IIIB: T1-3, N2, M0. T1: Glans: Penile cancer with tumor invading lamina propria. Foreskin: Penile cancer with tumor invading dermis, lamina propria, or dartos fascia. Shaft: Penile cancer with tumor invading connective tissue between epidermis and corpora regardless of location. All sites with or without lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion and is or is not high grade. T2: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpus spongiosum (either glan… |
C140085 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Glans: Penile cancer with tumor invading lamina propria. Foreskin: Penile cancer with tumor invading dermis, lamina propria, or dartos fascia. Shaft: Penile cancer with tumor invading connective tissue between epidermis and corpora regardless of location. All sites with or without lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion and is or is not high grade. T2: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpus spongiosum (either glans or ventral shaft) with … |
C140086 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T1-3, N2, M0. T1: Glans: Penile cancer with tumor invading lamina propria. Foreskin: Penile cancer with tumor invading dermis, lamina propria, or dartos fascia. Shaft: Penile cancer with tumor invading connective tissue between epidermis and corpora regardless of location. All sites with or without lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion and is or is not high grade. T2: Penile cancer with tumor invading into corpus spongiosum (either glans or ventral shaft) with … |
C140087 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Penile cancer with tumor invading into adjacent structures (i.e., scrotum, prostate, pubic bone). N3: Penile cancer with extranodal extension of lymph node metastases or pelvic lymph node metastases. M1: Distant metastasis present. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140091 |
An indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma which has undergone histologic transformation to an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma and has become resistant to treatment. |
C140163 |
“A term that refers to the staging of prostate cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the prostate gland. It does not apply to sarcomas, urothelial cell carcinomas, and urothelial carcinoma of bladder involving prostate. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140164 |
“Stage I includes: (cT1a-c, cT2a, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Grade Group 1); (pT2, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Grade Group 1). cT1a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected. cT1b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected. cT1c: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable. cT2a: Prostate cancer in which… |
C140165 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: (cT1a-c, cT2a, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 10 and less than 20, Grade Group 1); (cT2b-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 1); IIB: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 2; IIC: (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 3); (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 4). cT1a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected. cT1b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic fi… |
C140166 |
“Stage IIA includes: (cT1a-c, cT2a, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 10 and less than 20, Grade Group 1); (cT2b-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 1). cT1a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected. cT1b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected. cT1c: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable…. |
C140167 |
“Stage IIB includes: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 2. T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140168 |
“Stage IIC includes: (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 3); (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 4). T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4… |
C140169 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA 20 or more, Grade Group 1-4; IIIB: T3-4, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 1-4; IIIC: Any T, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 5. T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. T3: Prostate cancer with extraprostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures. T4: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is fixed or invades adjace… |
C140170 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA 20 or more, Grade Group 1-4; T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, … |
C140171 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T3-4, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 1-4; T3: Prostate cancer with extraprostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures. T4: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Scor… |
C140172 |
“Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 5. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 5: Gleason Score 9 or 10, Gleason Pattern 4+5, or 5+4, or 5+5. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140173 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: Any T, N1, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any; IVB: Any T, N0, M1, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. N1: Prostate cancer with metastases in regional node(s). M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. M1: Prostate cancer with distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140174 |
“Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any. N1: Prostate cancer with metastases in regional node(s). M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140175 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, N0, M1, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M1: Prostate cancer with distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140225 |
“A term that refers to the staging of testicular cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to postpubertal germ cell tumors of the testis and malignant sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis. It does not apply to spermatocytic tumors (no AJCC staging system), nonmalignant sex cord-/gonadal -stromal tumors (no AJCC staging system), prepubertal germ cell tumors (no AJCC staging system), hematolymphoid tumors (hematologic malignancies st… |
C140226 |
“Stage 0 includes: pTis, N0, M0, S0. pTis: Testicular cancer with a finding of germ cell neoplasia in situ. N0: Testicular cancer with no regional lymph node metastasis. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140227 |
“Stage I includes: pT1-T4, N0, M0, SX. pT1: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) without lymphovascular invasion. pT2: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) with lymphovascular invasion or invades hilar soft tissue or epididymis or penetrates visceral mesothelial layer covering the external surface of tunica albuginea with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT3: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades sper… |
C140228 |
“Stage IA includes: pT1, N0, M0, S0. pT1: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) without lymphovascular invasion. N0: Testicular cancer with no regional lymph node metastasis. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140229 |
“Stage IB includes: (pT2, N0, M0, S0); (pT3, N0, M0, S0); (pT4, N0, M0, S0). pT2: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) with lymphovascular invasion or invades hilar soft tissue or epididymis or penetrates visceral mesothelial layer covering the external surface of tunica albuginea with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT3: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades spermatic cord with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT4: Testicular cancer in … |
C140232 |
“Stage IS includes: Any pT/TX, N0, M0, S1-3. TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N0: Testicular cancer with no regional lymph node metastasis. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,000 and AFP (ng/mL) less than 1,000. S2: LDH 1.5-10 x N or hCG (mlU/mL) 5,000-50,000 or AFP (ng/mL) 1,000-10,000. S3: LDH more than 10 x N or hCG (mlU/mL) more than 50,000 or AFP (ng/mL) more than 10,000… |
C140233 |
“Stage II includes: Any pT/TX, N1-3, M0, SX. TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N1: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and less than or equal to five nodes positive, none larger than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N2: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or more than five nodes positive, none larger than 5 cm; or evide… |
C140234 |
“Stage IIA includes: (Any pT/TX, N1, M0, S0); (Any pT/TX, N1, M0, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N1: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and less than or equal to five nodes positive, none larger than 2 cm in greatest dimension. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,00… |
C140235 |
“Stage IIB includes: (Any pT/TX, N2, M0, S0); (Any pT/TX, N2, M0, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N2: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or more than five nodes positive, none larger than 5 cm; or evidence of extranodal extension of tumor. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1… |
C140236 |
“Stage IIC includes: (Any pT/TX, N3, M0, S0); (Any pT/TX, N3, M0, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N3: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,000 and AFP (ng/mL) less than 1,000. N indicates the upper limit of normal for the LDH assay… |
C140237 |
“Stage III includes: Any pT/TX, Any N, M1, SX. TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. M1: Testicular cancer with distant metastasis. SX: Marker studies not available or not performed. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140238 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S0); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. M1a: Testicular cancer with non-retroperitoneal nodal or pulmonary metastases. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,000 and AFP (ng/mL) less than 1,000. N indicates the upper limit of normal for the LDH assay. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140239 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (Any pT/TX, N1-3, M0, S2); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S2). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N1: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and less than or equal to five nodes positive, none larger than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N2: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or more than five nodes positive… |
C140240 |
“Stage IIIC includes: (Any pT/TX, N1-3, M0, S3); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S3); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1b, Any S). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N1: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and less than or equal to five nodes positive, none larger than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N2: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension; … |
C140241 |
“A term that refers to the staging of testicular cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions.” |
C140264 |
Macular dystrophy that is related to a change in a gene. |
C140267 |
Spastic paraplegia that is transmitted from parent to child. |
C140268 |
Cerebellar ataxia that is transmitted from parent to child. |
C140322 |
“A term that refers to the staging of kidney cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas arising in the kidney. It does not apply to urothelial carcinomas (are staged according to the classification for renal pelvis and ureter), lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma), sarcomas (are staged according to the classification for soft tissue sarcoma of the abdomen and thoraci… |
C140323 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 7 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140324 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 7 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140325 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 7 cm or less in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. T2: Tumor measuring more than 7 cm in greatest dimension, limited to the kidney. T3: Tumor extending into major veins or perinephric tissues, but not into the ipsilateral adrenal gland and not beyond Gerota’s fascia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140326 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invading beyond Gerota’s fascia (including contiguous extension into the ipsilateral adrenal gland). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140328 |
A non-functioning neuroendocrine tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C140329 |
“A non-functioning, well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.” |
C140355 |
“A term that refers to the staging of renal pelvis and ureter cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to renal pelvis and ureter urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma, including histologic variants micropapillary and nested subtypes. It does not apply to renal cell carcinomas (are staged according to the classification for kidney), renal medullary carcinomas (are staged according to the classification for kidney), collecting duc… |
C140356 |
“A term that refers to the staging of renal pelvis cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to renal pelvis urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma, including histologic variants micropapillary and nested subtypes. It does not apply to renal cell carcinomas (are staged according to the classification for kidney), renal medullary carcinomas (are staged according to the classification for kidney), collecting duct carcinomas (are stag… |
C140357 |
“A term that refers to the staging of ureter cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to ureter urothelial (transitional cell) carcinoma, including histologic variants micropapillary and nested subtypes. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140358 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: Papillary noninvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140359 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: Papillary noninvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140360 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: Papillary noninvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140361 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140362 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140363 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140364 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140365 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140366 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140367 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140368 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140369 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140370 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: For renal pelvis only: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into peripelvic fat or into the renal parenchyma. For ureter only: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140371 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into peripelvic fat or into the renal parenchyma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140372 |
“Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140373 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent organs, or through the kidney into the perinephric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140374 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent organs, or through the kidney into the perinephric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140375 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent organs, or through the kidney into the perinephric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140376 |
“A term that refers to the staging of renal pelvis and ureter cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140377 |
“A term that refers to the staging of renal pelvis cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140378 |
“A term that refers to the staging of ureter cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140416 |
“A term that refers to the staging of bladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas arising in the bladder. The typical carcinoma of the bladder is urothelial carcinoma. These carcinomas may include other histologic elements, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, but should be classified as urothelial unless the cancer is composed entirely of the alternative hist… |
C140417 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: Non-invasive papillary carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140418 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Urothelial carcinoma in situ: “”flat tumor””. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140419 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140420 |
“Stage II includes: (T2a, N0, M0); (T2b, N0, M0). T2a: Tumor invades superficial muscularis propria (inner half). T2b: Tumor invades deep muscularis propria (outer half). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140421 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3a, T3b, T4a, N0, M0); (T1-T4a, N1, M0); IIIB: (T1-T4a, N2, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue). T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue. T3a: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, microscopically. T3b: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, macroscopically (extravesical mass). T4a: Extravesical tumor invades directly into prostatic stroma, uterus, vagina. N0: No regional lymph node … |
C140422 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T3a, T3b, T4a, N0, M0); (T1-T4a, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue). T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue. T3a: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, microscopically. T3b: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, macroscopically (extravesical mass). T4a: Extravesical tumor invades directly into prostatic stroma, uterus, vagina. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Single regional l… |
C140423 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T1-T4a, N2, N3, M0. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue). T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue. T4a: Extravesical tumor invades directly into prostatic stroma, uterus, vagina. N2: Multiple regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (perivesical, obturator, internal and external iliac, or sacral lymph node metastasis). N3: Lymph node metastasis to the common iliac lymph nodes. M0: No distant … |
C140424 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4b, N0, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b). T4b: Extravesical tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis limited to lymph nodes beyond the common iliacs. M1b: Non-lymph node distant metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140425 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4b, N0, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1a). T4b: Extravesical tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis limited to lymph nodes beyond the common iliacs. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140426 |
“Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Non-lymph node distant metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140457 |
“A term that refers to the staging of urethral cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to urothelial (transitional cell), squamous, and glandular carcinomas of the urethra and to urothelial (transitional cell) carcinomas of the prostate and prostatic urethra. It does not apply to squamous cell carcinomas of the penile foreskin (are staged according to the classification for penis), primary urothelial carcinomas of the bladder with … |
C140458 |
“Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Non-invasive papillary carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140459 |
“Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Carcinoma in situ. For prostatic urethra: Carcinoma in situ involving the prostatic urethra or periurethral or prostatic ducts without stromal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140460 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades urethral subepithelial connective tissue immediately underlying the urothelium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140461 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, periurethral muscle. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades the prostatic stroma surrounding ducts either by direct extension from the urothelial surface or by invasion from prostatic ducts. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140462 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades urethral subepithelial connective tissue immediately underlying the urothelium. T2: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, periurethral muscle. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades the prostatic stroma surrounding ducts either … |
C140463 |
“Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades other adjacent organs (e.g., invasion of the bladder wall). For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades other adjacent organs (e.g., extraprostatic invasion of the bladder wall, rectal wall). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Single regional lymph node metastasis in the inguinal region or true pelvis [perivesical, obturator, internal (hypogastri… |
C140464 |
“A term that refers to the staging of urethral cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140511 |
“A term that refers to the staging of eyelid carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.” |
C140513 |
“A term that refers to the staging of eyelid carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all primary carcinomas of the eyelid, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), sebaceous carcinoma, and other rare carcinomas, such as all varieties of sweat gland carcinoma (e.g., eccrine carcinoma). It does not apply to carcinomas of the head and neck with direct extension to eyelid (are staged according to the c… |
C140515 |
“Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140516 |
“Stage I includes: IA: T1, N0, M0; IB: T2a, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 10 mm or less in greatest dimension. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension without invasion of the tarsal plate or eyelid margin. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140517 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 10 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140518 |
“Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension without invasion of the tarsal plate or eyelid margin. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140519 |
“Stage II includes: IIA: T2b-c, T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4, N0, M0. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension with invasion of the tarsal plate or eyelid margin. T2c: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension involving the full thickness of the eyelid. T3: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm but 30 mm or less in greatest dimension. T4: Any eyelid carcinoma invading adjacent ocular, orbital, or facial structures. N0: No evidence of lymph n… |
C140520 |
“Stage IIA includes: T2b-c, T3, N0, M0: T2b: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension with invasion of the tarsal plate or eyelid margin. T2c: Tumor measuring more than 10 mm but 20 mm or less in greatest dimension involving the full thickness of the eyelid. T3: Tumor measuring more than 20 mm but 30 mm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140521 |
“Stage IIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Any eyelid carcinoma invading adjacent ocular, orbital, or facial structures. N0: No evidence of lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140522 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA: Any T, N1, M0; IIIB: Any T, N2, M0. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral regional lymph node, measuring 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral regional lymph node, measuring more than 3 cm in greatest dimension, or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140523 |
“Stage IIIA includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral regional lymph node, measuring 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140524 |
“Stage IIIB includes: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral regional lymph node, measuring more than 3 cm in greatest dimension, or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140525 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140659 |
“A term that refers to the staging of choroidal and ciliary body melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C140660 |
“Stage I includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor size category 1 without ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140661 |
“Stage II includes: IIA (T1b-d, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0); IIB (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor size category 1 with ciliary body involvement. T1c: Tumor size category 1 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T1d: Tumor size category 1 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T2a: Tumor size category 2 without ciliary body involvement and extraocular… |
C140662 |
“Stage IIA includes: (T1b-d, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor size category 1 with ciliary body involvement. T1c: Tumor size category 1 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T1d: Tumor size category 1 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T2a: Tumor size category 2 without ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension. N0: No regional lymph nod… |
C140663 |
“Stage IIB includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement. T3a: Tumor size category 3 without ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140664 |
“Stage III includes: IIIA (T2c-d, N0, M0); (T3b-c, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIIB (T3d, N0, M0); (T4b-c, N0, M0); IIIC: (T4d-e, N0, M0). T2c: Tumor size category 2 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T2d: Tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T3b: Tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement. T3c: Tumor size category 3 withou… |
C140665 |
“Stage IIIA includes: (T2c-d, N0, M0); (T3b-c, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T2c: Tumor size category 2 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T2d: Tumor size category 2 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T3b: Tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement. T3c: Tumor size category 3 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less t… |
C140666 |
“Stage IIIB includes: (T3d, N0, M0); (T4b-c, N0, M0). T3d: Tumor size category 3 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T4b: Tumor size category 4 with ciliary body involvement. T4c: Tumor size category 4 without ciliary body involvement but with extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140667 |
“Stage IIIC includes: T4d-e, N0, M0. T4d: Tumor size category 4 with ciliary body involvement and extraocular extension less than or equal to 5 mm in largest diameter. T4e: Any tumor size category with extraocular extension more than 5 mm in largest diameter. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140668 |
“Stage IV includes: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1a-c). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis or discrete tumor deposits in the orbit. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis, with the largest diameter of the largest metastasis measuring 3 cm or less. M1b: Distant metastasis, with the largest diameter of the largest metastasis measuring 3.1-8.0 cm. M1c: Distant metastasis, with the largest diameter of the largest metastasis measuring 8.1 cm or more. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C140671 |
A neuroblastoma that is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
C140672 |
“A term that refers to the staging of uveal melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C140750 |
“A term that refers to the staging of retinoblastoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system does not apply to central nervous system component of “”trilateral retinoblastoma”” (is staged according to the classification for brain and spinal cord), retinoma (or retinocytoma) (no AJCC staging system), and medulloepithelioma (no AJCC staging system). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140751 |
“A term that refers to the clinical staging of retinoblastoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C140752 |
“Stage I includes: cT1, cT2, cT3, cN0, cM0, Any H. cT1: Intraretinal tumor(s) with subretinal fluid 5 mm or less from the base of any tumor. cT2: Intraocular tumor(s) with retinal detachment, vitreous seeding, or subretinal seeding. cT3: Advanced intraocular tumor(s). cN0: No regional lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with d… |
C140753 |
“Stage II includes: cT4a, cN0, cM0, Any H. cT4a: Radiologic evidence of retrobulbar optic nerve involvement or thickening of optic nerve or involvement of orbital tissues. cN0: No regional lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracr… |
C140754 |
“Stage III includes: (cT4b, cN0, cM0, Any H); (Any cT, cN1, cM0, Any H). cT4b: Extraocular tumor clinically evident with proptosis and/or an orbital mass. cN0: No regional lymph node involvement. cN1: Evidence of preauricular, submandibular, and cervical lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity as… |
C140755 |
“Stage IV includes: Any cT, Any N, cM1 or pM1, Any H. cM1: Distant metastasis without microscopic confirmation. pM1: Distant metastasis with microscopic confirmation. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinob… |
C140756 |
“A term that refers to the pathologic staging of retinoblastoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.” |
C140757 |
“Stage I includes: pT1, pT2, pT3, pN0, cM0, Any H. pT1: Intraocular tumor(s) without any local invasion, focal choroidal invasion, or pre-or intralaminar involvement of the optic nerve head. pT2: Intraocular tumor(s) with local invasion. pT3: Intraocular tumor(s) with significant local invasion. pN0: No lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in … |
C140758 |
“Stage II includes: pT4, pN0, cM0, Any H. pT4: Evidence of extraocular tumor: tumor at the transected end of the optic nerve, tumor in the meningeal spaces around the optic nerve, full-thickness invasion of the sclera with invasion of the episclera, adjacent adipose tissue, extraocular muscle, bone, conjunctiva, or eyelids. pN0: No lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutatio… |
C140759 |
“Stage III includes: Any pT, pN1, cM0, Any H. pN1: Regional lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecu… |
C140760 |
“Stage IV includes: Any pT, Any N, cM1 or pM1, Any H. cM1: Distant metastasis without microscopic confirmation. pM1: Distant metastasis with microscopic confirmation. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinob… |
C140958 |
“A term that refers to the staging of follicular thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C140959 |
“A term that refers to the staging of differentiated thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C140960 |
“A term that refers to the staging of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C140965 |
“A term that refers to the staging of differentiated thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C140966 |
“Stage I includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M0. 55 years and older: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140967 |
“Stage I includes: Any T, Any N, M0. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140968 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140969 |
“Stage II includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M1; 55 years and older: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohy… |
C140970 |
“Stage II includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140971 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohyoid muscles) from a tumor of any size. N1: Metastasis … |
C140972 |
“Stage III includes: 55 years and older: T4a, Any N, M0. T4a: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140973 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0; IVB: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140974 |
“Stage IVA includes: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140975 |
“Stage IVB includes: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140976 |
“A term that refers to the staging of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C140977 |
“Stage I includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M0. 55 years and older: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140978 |
“Stage I includes: Any T, Any N, M0. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140979 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140980 |
“Stage II includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M1; 55 years and older: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohy… |
C140981 |
“Stage II includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140982 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohyoid muscles) from a tumor of any size. N1: Metastasis … |
C140983 |
“Stage III includes: 55 years and older: T4a, Any N, M0. T4a: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140984 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0; IVB: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140985 |
“Stage IVA includes: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140986 |
“Stage IVB includes: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140987 |
“A term that refers to the staging of follicular thyroid gland carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C140988 |
“Stage I includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M0. 55 years and older: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140989 |
“Stage I includes: Any T, Any N, M0. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140990 |
“Stage I includes: (T1, N0/NX, M0); (T2, N0/NX, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140991 |
“Stage II includes: Under 55 years: Any T, Any N, M1; 55 years and older: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohy… |
C140992 |
“Stage II includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140993 |
“Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3a/T3b, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohyoid muscles) from a tumor of any size. N1: Metastasis … |
C140995 |
“Stage III includes: 55 years and older: T4a, Any N, M0. T4a: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading subcutaneous soft tissues, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140996 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0; IVB: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140997 |
“Stage IVA includes: 55 years and older: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading prevertebral fascia or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels from a tumor of any size. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140998 |
“Stage IVB includes: 55 years and older: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C140999 |
“A term that refers to the staging of thyroid gland anaplastic carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C141000 |
“A term that refers to the staging of thyroid gland anaplastic carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.” |
C141001 |
“Stage IVA includes: T1-T3a, N0/NX, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141003 |
“Stage IVB includes: (T1-T3a, N1, M0); (T3b, Any N, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3b: Gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, or omohyoid muscles) from a tumor of any size. T4: Tumor o… |
C141004 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141041 |
“A term that refers to the staging of thyroid gland medullary carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C141042 |
“A term that refers to the staging of thyroid gland medullary carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. Differentiated and anaplastic thyroid gland carcinomas are staged according to the classification for thyroid-differentiated and anaplastic carcinoma. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141043 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141044 |
“Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3: Tumor measuring 4 cm or more in greatest dimension or with extrathyroidal extension. N0: No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141045 |
“Stage III includes: T1-3, N1a, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3: Tumor measuring 4 cm or more in greatest dimension or with extrathyroidal extension. N1a: Metastasis to level VI or VII (pretracheal, paratracheal, or prelaryngeal/Delphian, or upper mediastinal) lymph nodes. This can be unilateral or bilateral disease. M0: No distant metastas… |
C141046 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, Any N, M0); (T1-3, N1b, M0); IVB: (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3: Tumor measuring 4 cm or more in greatest dimension or with extrathyroidal extension. T4a: Moderately advanced disease; tumor of any size with gross extrathyroidal extension into the nearby tissues of the n… |
C141047 |
“Stage IVA includes: (T4a, Any N, M0); (T1-3, N1b, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than 4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid. T3: Tumor measuring 4 cm or more in greatest dimension or with extrathyroidal extension. T4a: Moderately advanced disease; tumor of any size with gross extrathyroidal extension into the nearby tissues of the neck, including subcutaneous soft tissue, larynx, tra… |
C141048 |
“Stage IVB includes: T4b, Any N, M0. T4b: Very advanced disease; tumor of any size with extension towards the spine or into nearby large blood vessels, invading the prevertebral fascia, or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141049 |
“Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141076 |
Lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C141077 |
The reemergence of extensive stage lung small cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C141078 |
Extensive stage small cell lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C141098 |
“A term that refers to the staging of adrenal cortical carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C141100 |
“A term that refers to the staging of adrenal cortical carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. Adrenal medullary pheochromocytoma is staged according to the classification for adrenal neuroendocrine tumors. There is no AJCC staging system for neuroblastic tumors of the adrenal gland. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141101 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141102 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141103 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, Any N, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T3: Tumor of any size with local invasion but not invading adjacent organs. T4: Tumor of any size that invades adjacent organs (kidney, diaphragm, pancreas, spleen, or liver) or large blood vessels (renal vein or vena cava). N1: Metast… |
C141104 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141128 |
“A term that refers to the staging of adrenal gland pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. Parasympathetic paragangliomas are not staged because they are largely benign. This staging system does not apply to neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (are staged according to the classification for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas) and carotid body tumors (not staged). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141129 |
“Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Pheochromocytoma measuring less than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141130 |
“Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Pheochromocytoma measuring 5 cm or more in greatest dimension or paraganglioma-sympathetic of any size, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141131 |
“Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, Any N, M0). T1: Pheochromocytoma measuring less than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T2: Pheochromocytoma measuring 5 cm or more in greatest dimension or paraganglioma-sympathetic of any size, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T3: Tumor of any size with invasion into surrounding tissues (e.g., liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141132 |
“Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141139 |
An anatomic stage for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141140 |
An anatomic stage for non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141141 |
An anatomic stage for Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141142 |
“A term that refers to the staging of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C141143 |
“A term that refers to the staging of mycosis fungoides, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.” |
C141148 |
“A staging system for adult Hodgkin and adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. This staging system does not apply to ocular adnexal lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for ocular adnexal lymphoma), pediatric lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for pediatric lymphoma), primary cutaneous lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for primary cutaneous lymphoma), and multiple myelomas (are staged according to the c… |
C141149 |
“Limited stage adult lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141150 |
“Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer’s ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141151 |
Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141152 |
Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141153 |
Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141154 |
Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141155 |
Advanced stage adult lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141156 |
Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141157 |
“Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141158 |
“A staging system for adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. This staging system does not apply to ocular adnexal lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for ocular adnexal lymphoma), pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas (are staged according to the St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital staging system), primary cutaneous lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for primary cutaneous lymphoma), and multiple myelomas (are staged according… |
C141159 |
“Limited stage adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141160 |
“Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer’s ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141161 |
Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141162 |
Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141163 |
Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141164 |
Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141165 |
Advanced stage adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141166 |
Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141167 |
“Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141168 |
A staging system for Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141169 |
“Limited stage Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141170 |
“Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer’s ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141171 |
Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141172 |
Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141173 |
Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141174 |
Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141175 |
Advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141176 |
Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141177 |
“Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141178 |
A staging system for childhood Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141179 |
“Limited stage childhood Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141180 |
“Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer’s ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141181 |
Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141182 |
Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141183 |
Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141184 |
Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141185 |
Advanced stage childhood Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141186 |
Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141187 |
“Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141189 |
A staging system for adult Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for adult Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the childhood counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141190 |
“Limited stage adult Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141191 |
“Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer’s ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141192 |
Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141193 |
Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141194 |
Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141195 |
Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141196 |
Advanced stage adult Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141197 |
Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141198 |
“Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141202 |
Staging systems for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. Different systems are used for Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of childhood. Staging of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart and is based on the Lugano classification criteria. The Ann Arbor staging system has been found to be inappropriate for staging of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. The St. Jude staging system has been widely accepted and remains the recommended staging sys… |
C141205 |
A term that refers to the staging of Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to the AJCC v8 classification guidelines. |
C141206 |
A term that refers to the staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia according to modified Rai staging system. This system is mainly used in North America. |
C141208 |
A term that refers to the staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia according to Binet staging system. This system is in wide use outside the United States. |
C141209 |
Findings: Lymphocytosis only; Survival (months): more than 120. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141210 |
Findings: Lymphocytosis and adenopathy; Survival (months): 95. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141211 |
“Findings: Lymphocytosis, adenopathy, and enlarged spleen and/or liver; Survival (months): 72. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141217 |
A staging system for childhood non-Hodgkin Lymphomas based on the St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital staging system. The Ann Arbor staging system has been found to be inappropriate for staging of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. The St. Jude staging system has been widely accepted for more than three decades and remains the recommended staging system for childhood non-Hodgkin lymphomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141218 |
“Stage I: A single tumor (extranodal) or single anatomic area (nodal), with the exclusion of the mediastinum or abdomen. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141219 |
“Stage II: A single tumor (extranodal) with regional node involvement. Two or more nodal areas on the same side of the diaphragm. Two single (extranodal) tumors with or without regional node involvement on the same side of the diaphragm. A primary gastrointestinal tract tumor, usually in the ileocecal area, with or without involvement of associated mesenteric nodes only. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141220 |
“Stage III: Two single tumors (extranodal) on opposite sides of the diaphragm. Two or more nodal areas above and below the diaphragm. All the primary intrathoracic tumors (mediastinal, pleural, and thymic). All extensive primary intra-abdominal disease. All paraspinal or epidural tumors, regardless of other tumor site(s). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141221 |
“Stage IV: Any tumor, with initial CNS and/or bone marrow involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141222 |
An anatomic stage for lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141223 |
An anatomic stage for nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141224 |
An anatomic stage for mixed cellularity classic Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141225 |
An anatomic stage for nodular lymphocyte predominant B-cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141226 |
An anatomic stage for adult Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141227 |
An anatomic stage for childhood Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141235 |
An anatomic stage for adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141236 |
An anatomic stage for childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141243 |
An anatomic stage for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141247 |
An anatomic stage for T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141250 |
An anatomic stage for B lymphoblastic lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141253 |
An anatomic stage for Burkitt lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141254 |
An anatomic stage for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141255 |
An anatomic stage for follicular lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141256 |
An anatomic stage for lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141257 |
An anatomic stage for mantle cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141258 |
An anatomic stage for marginal zone lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141259 |
An anatomic stage for small lymphocytic lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141260 |
An anatomic stage for extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141261 |
An anatomic stage for nodal marginal zone lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141262 |
An anatomic stage for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141263 |
An anatomic stage for centroblastic lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141272 |
An anatomic stage for mature T- and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141283 |
An anatomic stage for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141284 |
An anatomic stage for noncutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141292 |
An anatomic stage for noncutaneous childhood anaplastic large cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141294 |
“An anatomic stage for follicular helper T-cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic-type based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria.” |
C141295 |
An anatomic stage for enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141296 |
An anatomic stage for nasal type NK/T-cell lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria. |
C141346 |
“A term that refers to the staging of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This prognostic stage groups system is based on the ISCL/EORTC revision to the staging of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. There is no prognostic stage groups system for primary cutaneous B-cell/T-cell (non-mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome) lymphomas at this time. This staging system does not apply to eyelid skin lymphomas (are staged according to … |
C141347 |
“Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0, B0,1); IB (T2, N0, M0, B0,1). T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells). B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% o… |
C141348 |
“Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, B0,1. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells). B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells) but does not meet the criteria of B2. (AJCC… |
C141349 |
“Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0, B0,1. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells). B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% of peripheral blood lymphocytes are atypical (Sezary cells) but does not meet the criteria of B2. (AJCC 8th ed.)” |
C141350 |
“Stage II includes: IIA (T1,2, N1,2, M0, B0,1); IIB (T3, N0-2, M0, B0,1). T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2… |
C141351 |
“Stage IIA includes: T1-2, N1,2, M0, B0,1. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 2 or NCI LN3. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement:… |
C141352 |
“Stage IIB includes: T3, N0-2, M0, B0,1. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 2 or NCI LN3. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral bloo… |
C141353 |
“Stage III includes: (T4, N0-2, M0, B0,1); IIIA (T4, N0-2, M0, B0); IIIB (T4, N0-2, M0, B1). T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 2 or NCI LN3. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of sig… |
C141354 |
“Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0-2, M0, B0. T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 2 or NCI LN3. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B0: Absence of significant blood involvement: 5% or less of peripheral … |
C141355 |
“Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0-2, M0, B1. T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or National Cancer Institute (NCI) LN0-2. N2: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 2 or NCI LN3. M0: No visceral organ involvement. B1: Low blood tumor burden: more than 5% of peripheral blood lymphocyte… |
C141356 |
“Stage IV includes: IVA1 (T1-4, N0-2, M0, B2); IVA2 (T1-4, N3, M0, B0-2); IVB (T1-4, N0-3, M1, B0-2). T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal… |
C141357 |
“Stage IVA1 includes: T1-4, N0-2, M0, B2. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or Nat… |
C141358 |
“Stage IVA2 includes: T1-4, N3, M0, B0-2. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N3: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grades 3-4 or NCI LN4; clone positive or negative. M0: No visceral organ involvement. … |
C141359 |
“Stage IVB includes: T1-4, N0-3, M1, B0-2. T1: Limited patches, papules, and/or plaques covering less than 10% of the skin surface. T2: Patches, papules, or plaques covering 10% or more of the skin surface. T3: One or more tumors (equal or greater than 1 cm in diameter). T4: Confluence of erythema covering 80% or more of body surface area. N0: No clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; biopsy not required. N1: Clinically abnormal peripheral lymph nodes; histopathology Dutch grade 1 or Na… |
C141366 |
“A beta thalassemia resulting from an unequal crossover/recombination event involving portions of the delta and beta globin genes, resulting in underproduction of the abnormal delta-beta globin.” |
C141367 |
“A type of xeroderma pigmentosum resulting from mutation(s) in the POLH gene, encoding DNA polymerase eta. This form of the disease is characterized by normal DNA excision repair, but defective post-replication repair of DNA at UV-damaged sites.” |
C141393 |
“A staging system for multiple myeloma based on the Revised International Staging System (RISS) criteria. This staging system does not apply to smoldering multiple myeloma (no AJCC staging system), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (no AJCC staging system), and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (no AJCC staging system). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141394 |
“Serum beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 mg/L and serum albumin 3.5 g/dL or more and no high-risk cytogenetics and normal LDH. High risk cytogenetics consist of one or more of the following: del17p, t(4;14), or t(14;16). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141395 |
Not stage I or III. (from AJCC 8th Ed.) |
C141396 |
“Serum beta-2-microglobulin 5.5 mg/L or more and high-risk cytogenetics and/or high LDH. High risk cytogenetics consist of one or more of the following: del17p, t(4;14), or t(14;16). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)” |
C141423 |
“An X-linked condition characterized by joint hyperextensibility, mild skin hyperelastisity, and abnormal scarring. The molecular basis for this condition has not been fully elucidated.” |
C141424 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the MBD5 gene, encoding methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 5. It is characterized by severe developmental and cognitive delay, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, and seizures.” |
C141441 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the LGI1 gene, encoding leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1. It is characterized by partial seizures originating in the temporal lobe and often accompanied by auditory sensory manifestations.” |
C141442 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the GCH1 gene, encoding GTP cyclohydrolase 1. It is characterized by hyperphenylalaninemia and GTP cyclohydrolase 1-deficient dopa-responsive dystonia.” |
C141445 |
The reemergence of acute biphenotypic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C141446 |
The reemergence of acute undifferentiated leukemia after a period of remission. |
C142079 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CAPN3 gene, encoding calpain-3. It is characterized by muscular dystrophy, primarily affecting the proximal muscles, resulting in difficulty walking.” |
C142080 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the DYSF gene, encoding dysferlin. It is characterized by progressive muscular dystrophy, primarily affecting the proximal muscles, resulting in difficulty walking.” |
C142081 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SGCA gene, encoding alpha-sarcoglycan. It is characterized by progressive muscular dystrophy, primarily affecting the proximal muscles, resulting in difficulty walking.” |
C142082 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the POGLUT1 gene, encoding protein O-glucosyltransferase 1. It is characterized by progressive muscular dystrophy, primarily affecting the proximal muscles, resulting in difficulty walking.” |
C142083 |
“A genetically heterogeneous condition, typically inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion, characterized by coenzyme Q10 deficiency.” |
C142084 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the GFI1B gene, encoding zinc finger protein Gfi-1b. It is characterized by a tendency for increased bleeding due to abnormal platelet function.” |
C142085 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the DDC gene, encoding aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase. It is characterized by combined serotonin and catecholamine deficiency, resulting in severe neurologic dysfunction usually beginning in infancy or childhood.” |
C142149 |
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C142171 |
“An autosomal recessive form of methylmalonic aciduria, caused by mutation(s) in the MMAA gene, encoding MMAA protein.” |
C142172 |
“An autosomal recessive form of methylmalonic aciduria, caused by mutation(s) in the MMAB gene, encoding cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide adenosyltransferase, mitochondrial.” |
C142173 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the MTRR gene, encoding methionine synthase reductase. It is characterized by homocystinuria and megaloblastic anemia.” |
C142174 |
“An autosomal recessive form of combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria, caused by mutation(s) in the MMACHC gene, encoding methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type C protein.” |
C142781 |
“A highly aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma that arises from the thoracic structures. It is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. It usually presents at an advanced stage with pleuritic chest pain and pleural effusion, non-productive cough, shortness of breath, and weigh loss.” |
C142783 |
A lung tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). |
C142784 |
A benign lung tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). |
C142785 |
A malignant lung tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs). |
C142802 |
“An autosomal dominant form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, caused by mutation(s) in the GABRA1 gene, encoding gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1.” |
C142803 |
“An X-linked dominant form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, caused by mutation(s) in the ALG13 gene, encoding putative bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and deubiquitinase ALG13.” |
C142804 |
“An autosomal dominant form of early progressive myoclonic epilepsy, caused by mutation(s) in the KCNC1 gene, encoding potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 1.” |
C142805 |
“An autosomal recessive corneal dystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the TACSTD2 gene, encoding tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2. It is characterized by severe corneal amyloidosis that may result in blindness.” |
C142806 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the TCN2 gene, encoding transcobalamin-2. it is characterized by failure to thrive, megaloblastic anemia, and pancytopenia.” |
C142808 |
Pancreatic carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142810 |
The reemergence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C142811 |
The reemergence of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C142812 |
B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C142823 |
“A rare lung neoplasm that occurs in the intrauterine and perinatal period. It is characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells in an interstitial, peribronchial pattern. Surgical resection of the involved lung parenchyma is the treatment of choice.” |
C142825 |
A sarcoma arising from the arterial intima of pulmonary arteries. |
C142827 |
A sarcoma that arises from the lung. It is related to a bronchus and is often predominantly endobronchial. It is characterized by the proliferation of round and spindle cells within a myxoid stroma. It is associated with the presence of an EWSR1::CREB1 fusion gene. |
C142828 |
“A very rare, benign or malignant lung tumor with myoepithelial differentiation.” |
C142829 |
A very rare benign lung tumor with myoepithelial differentiation. |
C142830 |
A very rare malignant lung tumor with myoepithelial differentiation. |
C142833 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis affecting the lungs. It is characterized by an interstitial proliferation of Langerhans cells in the lung parenchyma. Most patients are current or former smokers. Steroids are the mainstay therapy for this condition. |
C142838 |
“An autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the CACNA1A gene, encoding voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A. It is an almost pure cerebellar syndrome, with onset typically between the ages of 20 to 60.” |
C142848 |
The reemergence of malignant glioma after a period of remission. |
C142849 |
The reemergence of rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission. |
C142850 |
Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor that does not respond to treatment. |
C142851 |
Rhabdomyosarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142852 |
“A subtype of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) occurring in approximately 40 percent of boys with ALD, primarily affecting the cerebrum, resulting in rapidly declining neurocognitive function and in most patients, premature death.” |
C142853 |
Ewing sarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142854 |
Hepatoblastoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142855 |
Malignant glioma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142856 |
Medulloblastoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142857 |
Osteosarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142858 |
Rhabdoid tumor that does not respond to treatment. |
C142861 |
The reemergence of anaplastic oligoastrocytoma after a period of remission. |
C142862 |
The reemergence of anaplastic oligodendroglioma after a period of remission. |
C142867 |
A microsatellite stable carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C142868 |
A microsatellite stable carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C142869 |
A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C142870 |
A carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C142876 |
The reemergence of primary cutaneous lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C142877 |
Primary cutaneous lymphoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142880 |
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142881 |
The reemergence of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C142882 |
The reemergence of hairy cell leukemia after a period of remission. |
C142885 |
Endometritis that develops following an abortion. |
C142891 |
A genetically heterogeneous condition characterized by complete or incomplete right bundle branch block accompanied by ST elevation in leads V1-V3. There is a high incidence of ventricular arrhythmia that may result in sudden death. |
C142892 |
“An autosomal dominant subtype of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutation(s) in the TNNT2 gene, encoding troponin T, cardiac muscle.” |
C142893 |
“An autosomal dominant subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by mutation(s) in the ATL1 gene, encoding atlastin-1.” |
C142894 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the CACNA1C gene, encoding voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C. It is characterized by a prolonged QT interval that may result in torsade de pointes, ventricular fibrillation and/or sudden cardiac death.” |
C142982 |
Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C142983 |
Thyroid gland carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C143012 |
The reemergence of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin after a period of remission. |
C143013 |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin which has spread to other anatomic sites. |
C143014 |
“Progressive, symptomatic neurofibromatosis type 1 associated with plexiform neurofibromas that cannot be removed surgically without risk of substantial morbidity.” |
C143085 |
Marginal zone lymphoma which does not respond to treatment. |
C14364 |
“Herpes simplex infection of the genitals, most commonly caused by the herpes simplex-2 virus.” |
C146639 |
“A group of conditions with overlapping signs and symptoms. It includes Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C146640 |
“A rare type A thymoma displaying atypical features (hypercellularity, increased mitotic activity, and focal necrosis).” |
C146706 |
“A highly aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma that arises from the mediastinum/thymus. It is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene.” |
C146717 |
A very rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the thymus. It is characterized by the presence of malignant polygonal cells resembling hepatocytes. |
C146734 |
A glioblastoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C146848 |
“A term that refers to the staging of mediastinal malignant germ cell tumors according to the Pediatric Study Group staging criteria. This staging system is not an official UICC TNM classification. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)” |
C146849 |
“Locoregional tumor, non-metastatic, complete resection. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)” |
C146850 |
“Locoregional tumor, non-metastatic, macroscopic complete resection but microscopic residual tumor. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)” |
C146851 |
“Locoregional tumor, regional lymph nodes negative or positive; no distant metastasis; biopsy only or gross residual tumor after primary resection. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)” |
C146852 |
“Tumor with distant metastasis. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)” |
C146856 |
An angiosarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C146857 |
An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C146858 |
An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C146861 |
“A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. It is characterized by the presence of at least two different germ cell tumor components. The different germ cell tumor components include choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and seminoma.” |
C146883 |
“A malignant tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. It is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma affecting the mediastinum.” |
C146893 |
A carcinoma that arises from the genitourinary system and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C146894 |
“Alzheimer’s disease caused by mutation(s) in the APP gene, encoding amyloid-beta A4 protein. The onset of this condition typically occurs before age 65.” |
C146899 |
“A subtype of trichothiodystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the MPLKIP gene, encoding M-phase-specific PLK1-interacting protein.” |
C146987 |
A hemangioma that arises from the mediastinum. It can be of the capillary or the cavernous type. |
C146988 |
An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that arises from the mediastinum. |
C146989 |
A central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma which does not respond to treatment. |
C146990 |
The reemergence of central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C147003 |
“An extraskeletal osteosarcoma that arises from the heart. It produces osteoid and bone, and occasionally shows chondroblastic differentiation.” |
C147004 |
A low-grade sarcoma that arises from the heart. It is composed of spindle or rounded cells in a myxoid stroma. The most common location is the left atrium. |
C147005 |
A germ cell tumor that arises within the myocardium or cardiac chambers. The reported cases have been teratomas and yolk sac tumors. |
C147006 |
A yolk sac tumor that arises within the myocardium or cardiac chambers. |
C147007 |
A teratoma that arises within the myocardium or cardiac chambers. |
C147065 |
A neuroendocrine tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C147070 |
“An X-linked dominant form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, caused by mutation(s) in the CDKL5 gene, encoding cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5.” |
C147071 |
“An autosomal dominant form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, caused by mutation(s) in the SCN1A gene, encoding sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha.” |
C147072 |
“An early-onset form of Huntington disease (before age 20) caused by trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene, encoding huntingtin.” |
C147097 |
An angiosarcoma that arises from the heart. It most often arises in the right atrium near the atrioventricular groove. The prognosis is poor. |
C147098 |
A rare sarcoma that arises from the pericardium. The two most common types are angiosarcoma and synovial sarcoma. Patients present with symptoms related to pericardial effusion. |
C147101 |
A rare angiosarcoma that arises from the pericardium. Patients present with symptoms related to pericardial effusion. |
C147102 |
A rare synovial sarcoma that arises from the pericardium. Patients present with symptoms related to pericardial effusion. |
C147103 |
A teratoma that arises within the pericardium. |
C147104 |
A malignant germ cell tumor that arises within the pericardium. |
C147105 |
A yolk sac tumor that arises within the pericardium. |
C147106 |
A germ cell tumor that arises from the pericardium. There is no evidence of atypia or metastases. |
C147107 |
Glioma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147108 |
Ependymoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147109 |
The reemergence of SHH-activated medulloblastoma after a period of remission. |
C147110 |
SHH-activated medulloblastoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147111 |
A medulloblastoma that is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
C147112 |
An ependymoma that is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
C147113 |
A central nervous system neoplasm that is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
C147114 |
Graft versus host disease that does not respond to steroid treatment. |
C147115 |
“A medulloblastoma, SHH-activated that is worsening in terms of extent or severity.” |
C147530 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the SAMD9 gene, encoding sterile alpha motif domain-containing protein 9A. It is a syndromic condition comprising myelodysplasia, infection, restriction of growth, adrenal hypoplasia, genital abnormalities, and enteropathy.” |
C147561 |
Ovarian carcinoma that progresses between one and six months of completing platinum therapy. |
C147861 |
The reemergence of a lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission. |
C147863 |
The reemergence of EBV-related lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C147901 |
A brain glioblastoma that occurs during childhood. |
C147906 |
An oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma which is negative for p16INK4a by immunohistochemistry. This negative immunohistochemistry result does not exclude human papillomavirus infection. |
C147924 |
Non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C147948 |
“A B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the brain, meninges, or spinal cord.” |
C147965 |
Breast carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147982 |
Colorectal carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147983 |
Melanoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C147996 |
Gastric carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148023 |
A group of breathing disorders characterized by abnormal respiratory patterns or insufficient ventilation during sleep. |
C148024 |
Hereditary ovarian carcinoma caused by deleterious germline mutation in a gene of the BRCA family. |
C148025 |
The reemergence of BRCA hereditary ovarian carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C148026 |
The reemergence of a childhood malignant solid neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C148027 |
A childhood malignant solid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C148029 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that occurs during childhood. |
C148036 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148037 |
The reemergence of WHO grade 2 glioma after a period of remission. |
C148038 |
The reemergence of a WHO grade 3 glioma after a period of remission. |
C148065 |
A B-cell malignant neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C148074 |
A condition in which there is inadequate blood flow through the peripheral blood vessels due to intrinsic disease of the vasculature. |
C148076 |
A craniopharyngioma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148077 |
The reemergence of a craniopharyngioma after a period of remission. |
C148099 |
Malignant thymoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148124 |
Carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148125 |
A thymus carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148126 |
A thymus carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C148127 |
A thymus carcinoma that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C148128 |
A carcinoma that arises from the thymus and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C148129 |
Mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome that is resistant to treatment. |
C148130 |
A carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C148152 |
A head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148153 |
A head and neck squamous cell carcinoma which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C148173 |
A thymus carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148175 |
Indolent adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C148244 |
The reemergence of grade 3a follicular lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C148245 |
A skin melanoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148259 |
“An autosomal recessive subtype of Joubert syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the AHI1 gene, encoding Jouberin.” |
C148260 |
“An autosomal recessive form of congenital glaucoma caused by mutation(s) in the CYP1B1 gene, encoding cytochrome P450 1B1.” |
C148261 |
“A rare form of ectodermal dysplasia, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, manifesting with varying degrees of severity, ectrodactyly and cleft lip/palate.” |
C148286 |
Stage 0 bladder cancer defined according to the AJCC v6 and v7 criteria that is resistant to treatment. |
C148294 |
Leiomyosarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148295 |
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148296 |
Synovial sarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148297 |
Myxoid liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148298 |
Myxoid liposarcoma that has spread to other anatomic sites. |
C148299 |
Round cell liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148300 |
Round cell liposarcoma that has spread to other anatomic sites. |
C148301 |
A sarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148302 |
The reemergence of sarcoma after a period of remission. |
C148315 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the ATXN2 gene, encoding ataxin-2. Specifically, the mutation is an expanded CAG trinucleotide repeat in the gene. It is a progressive cerebellar ataxia associated supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, mild dementia and peripheral neuropathy.” |
C148316 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the NOP56 gene, encoding nucleolar protein 56. It is characterized by slowly progressive adult-onset gait ataxia, associated with eye movement abnormalities, tongue fasciculations and variable upper motor neuron signs.” |
C148317 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SPG11 gene, encoding spatacsin. It is a complicated sub-type of hereditary spastic paraplegia that has varying neurologic manifestations in addition to spasticity.” |
C148318 |
“A sub-type of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the CAV3 gene, encoding caveolin-3.” |
C148321 |
A maternally inherited form of nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness that is caused by a mutation in any of several mitochondrial genes. |
C148325 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the CAV3 gene, encoding caveolin-3. It is characterized by mechanically triggered contractions of skeletal muscles. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C is an allelic disorder with an overlapping phenotype.” |
C148327 |
“A condition characterized by elevated concentrations of creatine kinase in the blood. It is one of a group of conditions caused by mutation(s) in the CAV3 gene, encoding caveolin-3. Isolated hyperCKmia has no other associated manifestations.” |
C148331 |
A sarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148362 |
Myelodysplastic syndrome that does not respond to treatment. |
C148363 |
The reemergence of myelodysplastic syndrome after a period of remission. |
C148366 |
“An autosomal recessive form of methylmalonic aciduria caused by mutation(s) in the MUT gene, encoding methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, mitochondrial.” |
C148367 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the ADGRG1 gene, encoding adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G1. It is characterized by motor and cognitive developmental delay, pyramidal signs, and seizures.” |
C148368 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CASQ2 gene, encoding calsequestrin-2. It is characterized by a relative resting bradycardia and a slight prolongation of the QTc interval. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia may be induced with exercise stress testing or isoproterenol infusion.” |
C148369 |
“An autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the LMNA gene, encoding prelamin-A/C. Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy-2 are allelic disorders with overlapping phenotypes.” |
C148370 |
“An autosomal recessive primary ciliary motility defect caused by mutation(s) in the CCDC39 gene, encoding coiled-coil domain-containing protein 39.” |
C148371 |
“An extremely rare autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the C12orf57 gene, encoding protein C10. It is characterized by agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, associated with developmental delay, and variable craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities.” |
C148382 |
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148383 |
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148384 |
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148385 |
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148386 |
Paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148387 |
The reemergence of paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C148392 |
“Molecular subtyping of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) based on structural genomic abnormalities and gene expression data obtained from biopsy samples. The molecular analysis revealed four subtypes of DLBCL (MCD, BN2, N1, and EZB) which have distinct genotypic, epigenetic, and clinical characteristics. (NEJM 2018; 378: 1396-407)” |
C148394 |
A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma molecular subtype characterized by the co-occurrence of MYD88 and CD79B gene mutations. Patients who belong in this subtype have an inferior outcome. (NEJM 2018; 378: 1396-407) |
C148395 |
A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma molecular subtype characterized by the presence of BCL6 gene fusions and NOTCH2 gene mutations. Patients who belong in this subtype have a favorable outcome. (NEJM 2018; 378: 1396-407) |
C148396 |
A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma molecular subtype characterized by the presence of NOTCH1 gene mutations. Patients who belong in this subtype have an inferior outcome. (NEJM 2018; 378: 1396-407) |
C148398 |
A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma molecular subtype characterized by the presence of EZH2 gene mutations and BCL2 gene translocations. Patients who belong in this subtype have a favorable outcome. (NEJM 2018; 378: 1396-407) |
C148401 |
Nasal cavity and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C148423 |
The reemergence of mixed phenotype acute leukemia after a period of remission. |
C148425 |
The reemergence of leukemia after a period of remission. |
C148426 |
Leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C148427 |
The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia after a period of remission. |
C148429 |
The reemergence of acute leukemia after a period of remission. |
C148430 |
Mixed phenotype acute leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C148431 |
Acute leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C148432 |
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical removal. |
C148434 |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C148461 |
“An autosomal dominant sub-type of lissencephaly caused by mutation(s) in the TUBA1A gene, encoding adhesion tubulin alpha-1A chain.” |
C148493 |
A urothelial carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C148494 |
Melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C148510 |
The reemergence of human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C148512 |
Human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C148514 |
Uveal melanoma that has spread from its primary site to another anatomic site. |
C148515 |
Uveal melanoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C148517 |
Melanoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C148536 |
Advanced prostatic carcinoma which was not previously treated with androgen-deprivation therapy. |
C148633 |
An acute embolism to the pulmonary vasculature. |
C148634 |
“Acute pulmonary embolism with evidence of right ventricular dysfunction, but not associated with systemic hypotension.” |
C150027 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the thoracic esophagus. |
C150029 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the thoracic esophagus. |
C150031 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the cervical esophagus. |
C150032 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the cervical esophagus. |
C150034 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the gastric cardia. |
C150037 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the distal esophagus. |
C150043 |
The reemergence of chronic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C150044 |
Chronic leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C150048 |
The reemergence of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C150049 |
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C150091 |
Ovarian carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C150092 |
Malignant uterine corpus neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150093 |
Endometrial carcinoma that is resistant to treatment |
C150094 |
The reemergence of endometrial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C150095 |
The reemergence of ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C150096 |
Ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C150097 |
The reemergence of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C150098 |
Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C150130 |
A melanoma that originates from melanocytes of the uveal tract and has spread to the liver. |
C150131 |
The reemergence of T acute lymphoblastic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C150132 |
The reemergence of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C150133 |
The reemergence of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C150134 |
Thrombosis within the hepatic portal system. |
C150179 |
A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the optic nerve. |
C150201 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C150202 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150204 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C150206 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150207 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C150209 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150210 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C150211 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C150212 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150213 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150250 |
“An autosomal recessive form of spinocerebellar ataxia caused by mutation(s) in the STUB1 gene, encoding E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP.” |
C150251 |
“Congenital glaucoma that arises independent of another pathologic process, disease, or injury.” |
C150281 |
Neuroblastoma usually presenting with metastatic disease and MYCN gene amplifications. |
C150316 |
Bladder carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C150359 |
Non-hereditary renal cell carcinoma arising from a kidney and detected in the other kidney within six months of the first primary. The majority are clear cell renal cell carcinomas. |
C150364 |
Urothelial carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C150365 |
Urothelial carcinoma that is resistant to platinum therapy. |
C150367 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the HPS1 gene, encoding Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 1 protein. This sub-type is associated with pulmonary fibrosis.” |
C150368 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the AP3B1 gene, encoding AP-3 complex subunit beta-1. Immunodeficiency due to neutropenia is a characteristic of this sub-type.” |
C150369 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the HPS6 gene, encoding Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6 protein. Individuals with this type of syndrome, as well as with types 3 or 5, have the mildest symptoms.” |
C150396 |
“An unusual form of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. It is not mass-forming and does not directly produce symptoms, but it is discovered incidentally on histological examination of surgical pathology specimens, excised for various pathologies other than lymphoma. The specimens typically contain fibrinous materials. Single and small aggregates of large lymphoma cells are found in only small foci within the fibrinous or amorphous material. EBV is positive, with type III latency. The clinical out… |
C150399 |
“A lymphoproliferative disorder caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). This category includes the following: HHV8-positive multicentric Castleman disease; HHV8-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; primary effusion lymphoma; and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorders.” |
C150404 |
Multicentric Castleman disease associated with HHV8 infection. |
C150405 |
“A monotypic HHV8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder that usually occurs in HIV-negative individuals. It is characterized by the presence of HHV8-positive plasmablasts partially or completely replacing germinal centers. Coinfection with EBV is characteristic. In most cases, there is a favorable response to chemotherapy or radiation. (WHO 2017)” |
C150406 |
A rare HHV8-positive B-cell lymphoma indistinguishable from primary effusion lymphoma presenting as solid tumor mass. (WHO 2017) |
C150407 |
“A large B-cell lymphoma presenting as a serous effusion without detectable tumor masses. It is universally associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8), also called Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It mostly occurs in the setting of immunodeficiency. The most common sites of involvement are the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. (WHO 2017)” |
C150489 |
“An EBV-positive NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by high fever and intense local skin symptoms, including erythema, bullae, ulcers, skin necrosis, and deep scarring following mosquito bites. Patients have NK-cell lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood and an increased risk of developing hemophagocytic syndrome and progressing into overt NK/T-cell lymphoma or aggressive NK-cell leukemia in the longstanding clinical course. (WHO 2017)” |
C150495 |
“A group of mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas that includes enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma, and intestinal T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. Most of these lymphomas arise from the small intestine and a minority from the large intestine or stomach.” |
C150504 |
A monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma arising from the small intestine. It is characterized by the presence of a monomorphic cellular infiltrate of small to medium-sized T-lymphocytes that are cytotoxic and express CD56. It is not associated with celiac disease. |
C150505 |
“A T-cell lymphoma arising in the intestines, or sometimes other sites in the gastrointestinal tract, that does not conform to either classic enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma or monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma. (WHO 2017)” |
C150510 |
T acute lymphoblastic leukemia that does not respond to treatment. |
C150512 |
A urethral urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C150513 |
A bladder urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C150514 |
A renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C150515 |
A ureter urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C150516 |
The reemergence of ureter urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C150519 |
The reemergence of renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C150521 |
Urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150524 |
Reemergence of a malignant bone neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150525 |
Malignant bone neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150526 |
The reemergence of a malignant female reproductive system neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150527 |
Malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150528 |
Reemergence of a malignant neoplasm of multiple primary sites after a period of remission. |
C150529 |
Malignant neoplasm of multiple primary sites that is resistant to treatment. |
C150530 |
Lip or oral cavity malignant neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150531 |
Reemergence of a malignant pharyngeal neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150532 |
Malignant pharyngeal neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150533 |
The reemergence of a malignant male reproductive system neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150534 |
Malignant male reproductive system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150535 |
Malignant mesothelioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C150536 |
Reemergence of a malignant soft tissue neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150537 |
Malignant soft tissue neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150538 |
The reemergence of malignant thyroid gland neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150539 |
Malignant thyroid gland neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150540 |
Reemergence of a malignant endocrine neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150541 |
Malignant endocrine neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150542 |
Reemergence of a malignant urinary system neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150543 |
Malignant urinary system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150544 |
Melanoma of the skin that is resistant to treatment. |
C150545 |
Reemergence of a malignant skin neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C150546 |
Malignant skin neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C150555 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the PACS1 gene, encoding phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1. It is characterized by intellectual developmental delay, craniofacial abnormalities, as well as other variable congenital abnormalities.” |
C150556 |
“A sub-type of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis caused by mutation(s) in the SNX10 gene, encoding sorting nexin-10.” |
C150557 |
A prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the absence of focal or diffuse neuroendocrine differentiation. |
C150566 |
“Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance defined by a serum IgM paraprotein concentration less than 30g/L; bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of less than 10%; and no evidence of anemia, constitutional symptoms, hyperviscocity, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or other end-organ damage that can be attributed to the underlying lymphoproliferative disorder. It is a precursor condition that may progress to lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/ Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, other B… |
C150570 |
A carcinoma that arises from the bladder mucosa and invades the bladder wall. |
C150572 |
A carcinoma that arises from the bladder mucosa and invades the muscle of the bladder wall. |
C150573 |
A cerebral neoplasm that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites. |
C150577 |
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150578 |
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150579 |
The reemergence of myxoid liposarcoma after a period of remission. |
C150580 |
Adrenal cortical carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150581 |
Small cell lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C150588 |
“Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance defined by the presence in the serum of an IgG, IgA, or (rarely) IgD paraprotein at a concentration of less than 30g/L; clonal bone marrow plasma cells less than 10%; and absence of end-organ damage such as hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, bone marrow lesions, and amyloidosis attributable to the plasma cell proliferative disorder. The risk of progression to plasma cell myeloma, light-chain amyloidosis, or a related disorder is 1%… |
C150589 |
“A distinctive variant of follicular lymphoma arising from the testis. It has been reported with higher frequency in children, but is also seen rarely in adults. It differs biologically from nodal follicular lymphoma because it lacks evidence of the BCL2 translocation. It is usually of high cytological grade, usually grade 3A, but has a good prognosis, even without additional therapy beyond surgical excision. (WHO 2017)” |
C150592 |
The reemergence of dedifferentiated liposarcoma after a period of remission. |
C150593 |
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C150594 |
Liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C150595 |
A renal cell carcinoma that has spread from the kidney to other anatomic sites. |
C150597 |
A malignant neoplasm which has spread from its original site of growth to any visceral site. |
C150598 |
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150601 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of citrullinemia caused by mutation(s) in the ASS1 gene, encoding argininosuccinate synthetase.” |
C150602 |
A malignant neoplasm that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150603 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of citrullinemia caused by mutation(s) in the SLC25A13 gene, encoding calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Aralar2.” |
C150604 |
A carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150605 |
Sarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150606 |
Liposarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150607 |
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150608 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the RYR1 gene, encoding ryanodine receptor 1. It may be characterized clinically by neonatal hypotonia, delayed motor development, and generalized muscle weakness, and amyotrophy. Pathologically, the absence of mitochondria and focal disorganization of the sarcomere appear as “”minicores”” on ATPase staining as a result of focal defects in oxidative activity.” |
C150609 |
“An autosomal dominant sub-type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease caused by mutation(s) in the KIF1B gene, encoding kinesin-like protein KIF1B.” |
C150610 |
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150611 |
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150620 |
Neuroblastoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C150622 |
Neuroblastoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C150646 |
|
C150647 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease caused by compound heterozygous or homozygous mutation(s) in the MFN2 gene, encoding mitofusin-2. This condition is more severe and has an earlier onset as compared to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A2A.” |
C150672 |
A lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in a patient with immunodeficiency. |
C150673 |
“A lymphoid proliferation that arises in the setting of immune deficiency due to a primary immunodeficiency or immunoregulatory disorder. The primary immune disorders most frequently associated with lymphoproliferative disorders are ataxia-telangiectasia, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, common variable immunodeficiency, severe combined immunodeficiency, X-linked lymphoproliferative disease, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, hyper-IgM syndrome, and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. (WHO 2017)” |
C150678 |
A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that develops in patients who are immunosuppressed with methotrexate. |
C150684 |
Lymphoid proliferations or lymphomas that arise in patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs for autoimmune diseases or conditions other than in the post-transplant setting. (WHO 2017) |
C150692 |
“This category includes two main sub-groups, according to the degree of cytological atypia and clinical aggressiveness: Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Langerhans cell sarcoma. (WHO 2017)” |
C150701 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as a solitary lesion. |
C150702 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with multiple sites of involvement. |
C150703 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with disseminated disease. |
C150704 |
EBV-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell/fibroblastic reticular cell tumor that arises from the digestive system. |
C150738 |
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C150739 |
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C150741 |
Malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C151897 |
Familial hematologic neoplasms associated with germline mutations without a preexisting disorder or organ dysfunction. |
C151898 |
“Familial acute myeloid leukemia (AML) syndrome associated with biallelic CEBPA mutations. Patients typically present with AML as children or young adults. The familial form of AML with germline CEBPA mutation has morphological and immunophenotypic features similar to those of sporadic AML with CEBPA mutations. Overall, it has a favorable prognosis. (WHO 2017)” |
C151901 |
“An autosomal dominant familial myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia syndrome characterized by inherited mutations in the gene on chromosome 5 encoding the DEAD box RNA helicase DDX41. Patients usually present with leukopenia, hypocellular bone marrow with prominent erythroid dysplasia and a normal karyotype, often leading to erythroleukemia. The prognosis is generally poor. (WHO 2017)” |
C151902 |
Hematologic neoplasms associated with germline mutations and familial platelet disorders. |
C151903 |
“An autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by abnormalities in platelet number and function and enhanced risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia at a young age. Patients have germline monoallelic mutations in RUNX1 gene. The clinical presentation is variable, even within the same family. Most affected individuals have a mild to moderate bleeding tendency. Platelet counts are normal or mildly reduced, with normal platelet morphology and variable degrees of platel… |
C151904 |
A digestive system carcinoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site and is resistant to treatment. |
C151905 |
The reemergence of a metastatic digestive system carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C151906 |
A carcinoma hat arises from any part of the digestive system and is resistant to treatment. |
C151907 |
A head and neck carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C151908 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by moderate thrombocytopenia and increased risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia. This disorder is characterized by germline mutations in ANKRD26, located on chromosome band 10p12.1. (WHO 2017)” |
C151910 |
Familial hematologic neoplasms associated with germline mutations and a preexisting disorder or organ dysfunction other than a platelet disorder. |
C151911 |
“Autosomal dominant familial thrombocytopenia associated with germline ETV6 mutation and hematologic malignancies. The hematologic malignancies reported are diverse, including myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, B lymphoblastic leukemia, and plasma cell myeloma. Non-hematological neoplasms, including colorectal adenocarcinoma, have been also reported in affected families. (WHO 2017)” |
C151912 |
Myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myeloid leukemias associated with germline GATA2 mutation. |
C151921 |
Familial myelodysplastic syndromes/ acute myeloid leukemias associated with telomerase biology disorders. |
C151922 |
Familial myelodysplastic syndromes/ acute myeloid leukemias associated with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. |
C151940 |
A solid neoplasm involving any anatomic site other than the brain. |
C151957 |
Histologic transformation of a usually indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma to an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. |
C151971 |
A bile duct carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C151975 |
“Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage, expressing combinations of markers that do not allow for its classification as either acute undifferentiated leukemia or mixed phenotype acute leukemia, and definitive classification along a single lineage is difficult. (WHO 2017)” |
C151976 |
The reemergence of Burkitt leukemia after a period of remission. |
C151977 |
Burkitt leukemia resistant to treatment. |
C151978 |
Lymphoblastic lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C151979 |
High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 rearrangements that is resistant to treatment. |
C151980 |
The reemergence of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 rearrangements after a period of remission. |
C151981 |
Rhabdomyosarcoma involving the organs and structures in the pelvis. |
C151982 |
Rhabdomyosarcoma involving the organs and structures in the abdomen. |
C151983 |
Rhabdomyosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C151984 |
Undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma involving the bones of the pelvis. |
C151985 |
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma involving the organs and structures in the abdomen. |
C151990 |
“A very rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts express combinations of B, T, myeloid, and megakaryocytic lineage markers but are negative for KMT2A rearrangement and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. The prognosis is usually unfavorable.” |
C151991 |
“A very rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts show evidence of B-cell, T-cell, and myeloid lineage but are negative for KMT2A rearrangement and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation.” |
C151992 |
A very rare mixed phenotype acute leukemia in which the blasts show clear-cut evidence of both B-cell and T-cell lineage but are negative for KMT2A rearrangement and t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation. |
C151993 |
A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C151995 |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma amenable to surgical resection. |
C152036 |
An adenocarcinoma arising from the lower third of the esophagus. The vast majority of esophageal adenocarcinomas involve the lower third of the esophagus. |
C152046 |
Primary peritoneal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C152047 |
Fallopian tube carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C152048 |
Female reproductive system carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C152064 |
“An autosomal dominant form of dyskeratosis congenita, caused by mutation(s) in the TINF2 gene, encoding TERF1-interacting nuclear factor 2. It is a fatal disease associated with exudative retinopathy and bone marrow failure.” |
C152065 |
“A group of disorders caused by mutation(s) that disrupt the maintenance of telomeres, resulting in the short telomere defect.” |
C152074 |
A metastatic sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C152076 |
A sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C152077 |
The reemergence of a malignant head and neck neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C152078 |
A malignant head and neck neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C152105 |
“A group of immunodeficiencies caused by damaging germline mutations in single genes. Patients are at an increased risk to develop infections, autoimmunity, bone marrow failure, and malignancies, usually lymphomas.” |
C153066 |
Soft tissue sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153068 |
Soft tissue sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153069 |
Soft tissue sarcoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153070 |
Bone sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153071 |
Sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153072 |
Bone sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153073 |
Bone sarcoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153074 |
Synovial sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153075 |
Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153079 |
Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153080 |
Neuroendocrine tumor grade 1 that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153081 |
Non-small cell lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C153086 |
Soft tissue sarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C153160 |
The reemergence of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C153161 |
Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153169 |
A melanoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153170 |
A renal cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153171 |
Carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153172 |
Lymphoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153174 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Usher syndrome caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation(s) in the ADGRV1 gene, encoding adhesion G protein-coupled receptor V1. It may also result from biallelic digenic mutation(s) in ADGRV1 and PDZD7, which encodes PDZ domain-containing protein 7.” |
C153175 |
The reemergence of a mediastinal lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C153177 |
Mediastinal lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153178 |
“A condition caused by mutation(s) in the RAD50 gene, encoding DNA repair protein RAD50. It is characterized by microcephaly and chromosomal instability.” |
C153179 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the CRADD gene, encoding death domain-containing protein CRADD. It is characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability and lissencephaly with anterior-predominant pachygyria.” |
C153182 |
A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153184 |
A synovial sarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153185 |
A sarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153200 |
Non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153201 |
Non-small cell squamous lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153202 |
A carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C153203 |
A lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C153206 |
A lung carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153213 |
A head and neck carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153217 |
The accumulation of amyloid protein in the heart. Cardiac amyloidosis is irreversible and may lead to conductive dysfunction as well as heart failure secondary to restrictive cardiomyopathy. |
C153224 |
A carcinoma that originates from the wall of the colon or rectum and has spread to the lungs. |
C153226 |
A carcinoma that arises from the breast and has spread to the spine. |
C153227 |
A carcinoma that arises from the breast and has spread to the lymph nodes. |
C153238 |
A carcinoma that arises from the breast and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C153278 |
A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153279 |
A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153286 |
A malignant small round cell tumor with or without neural differentiation that is resistant to treatment. |
C153289 |
“A rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, caused by mutations in the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) gene, that presents in adulthood with a variety of neuropsychiatric and motor disturbances. Hallmark features include diffuse myelin loss and axonal destruction, neuroaxonal spheroids, and pigmented macrophages and other glia.” |
C153290 |
“The most common form of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, caused by a mutation in the CREB binding protein (CREBBP) gene.” |
C153291 |
“Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome caused by a mutation in the EP300 gene on chromosome 22q13, which presents with a mild phenotype associated with less severe facial dysmorphism and better cognitive function.” |
C153293 |
The reemergence of aplastic anemia after a period of remission. |
C153294 |
The reemergence of severe aplastic anemia after a period of remission. |
C153295 |
Severe aplastic anemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C153296 |
The reemergence of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after a period of remission. |
C153297 |
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis that is resistant to treatment. |
C153315 |
A carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153316 |
A gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153319 |
A gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153320 |
A gastric carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153323 |
A chordoma that has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites. |
C153324 |
A chordoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues. |
C153325 |
A chordoma which is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153331 |
“The reemergence of EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified after a period of remission.” |
C153332 |
“EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified that is resistant to treatment.” |
C153336 |
A prostate carcinoma that is sensitive to castration therapy. |
C153340 |
The reemergence of Cushing disease after a period of remission. |
C153347 |
The reemergence of ovarian carcinosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C153348 |
A triple-negative breast carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C153351 |
Colon carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153352 |
Liver carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153355 |
Bile duct carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153356 |
Small intestinal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C153357 |
Small intestinal carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153358 |
Digestive system carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C153359 |
The reemergence of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153360 |
The reemergence of bile duct carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153387 |
A carcinoma of the cervix that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C153388 |
A cervical squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C153389 |
A cervical adenocarcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C153390 |
A cervical adenosquamous carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C153467 |
“A condition of decreased or absent presence or activity of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase and dual-specificity protein phosphatase PTEN, which is associated with multiple hamartoma syndrome (Cowden syndrome) and increased risk for development of several types of malignant cancers, including head and neck, breast, lung and prostate cancer and glioblastoma.” |
C153475 |
A bone sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153476 |
A soft tissue sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153477 |
A sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C153568 |
The reemergence of acinic cell breast carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153569 |
The reemergence of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153570 |
The reemergence of prostate acinar adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153571 |
The reemergence of parotid gland acinic cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153572 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland acinic cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153573 |
“The reemergence of endocervical adenocarcinoma, usual-type after a period of remission.” |
C153574 |
The reemergence of ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153575 |
The reemergence of anal adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153576 |
The reemergence of anal mucinous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153577 |
The reemergence of Paget disease of the anal canal after a period of remission. |
C153579 |
The reemergence of appendix mucinous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153584 |
The reemergence of lobular breast carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153587 |
The reemergence of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type after a period of remission. |
C153588 |
The reemergence of Paget disease of the breast after a period of remission. |
C153590 |
The reemergence of clear cell renal cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153595 |
The reemergence of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153611 |
The reemergence of salivary duct carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153612 |
The reemergence of minor salivary gland adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153614 |
The reemergence of ovarian adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153615 |
The reemergence of ovarian serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153616 |
The reemergence of ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153617 |
The reemergence of ovarian cystadenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153618 |
The reemergence of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153619 |
The reemergence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153620 |
The reemergence of pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153621 |
The reemergence of thyroid gland papillary carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153622 |
The reemergence of thyroid gland follicular carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153623 |
The reemergence of thyroid gland medullary carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153624 |
The reemergence of thyroid gland anaplastic carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153626 |
The reemergence of skin angiosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C153800 |
The reemergence of parotid gland carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153801 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153802 |
The reemergence of appendix carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153804 |
The reemergence of parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153805 |
The reemergence of parotid gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma after a period of remission. |
C153806 |
The reemergence of parotid gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153807 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153808 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma after a period of remission. |
C153809 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153810 |
The reemergence of parotid gland squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153811 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153812 |
The reemergence of submandibular gland undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153813 |
The reemergence of parotid gland undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153818 |
The reemergence of malignant ovarian Brenner tumor after a period of remission. |
C153819 |
The reemergence of ovarian transitional cell carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C153823 |
The reemergence of a primary malignant central nervous system neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C153837 |
The reemergence of a malignant brain neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C153842 |
A primary malignant central nervous system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C153845 |
A malignant brain neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C153865 |
A WHO grade 3 glioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C154078 |
A fibrolamellar carcinoma that has spread from the liver to another anatomic site. |
C154082 |
The reemergence of fibrolamellar carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C154088 |
A carcinoma that arises from the liver and has spread to another anatomic site. |
C154091 |
A hepatocellular carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C154221 |
A gastric adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C154222 |
A rare condition characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the pituitary gland. It is caused by hypersecretion of hypothalamic stimulating hormones. |
C154314 |
“An autosomal recessive form of chronic granulomatous disease caused by mutation(s) in the NCF1 gene, encoding neutrophil cytosol factor 1.” |
C154315 |
“An X-linked recessive form of chronic granulomatous disease caused by mutation(s) in the CYBB gene, encoding cytochrome b-245 beta chain.” |
C154316 |
“An autosomal dominant sub-type of spinocerebellar ataxia caused by mutation(s) in the PPP2R2B gene, encoding serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform. It presents with characteristic action tremors in the upper limbs, followed by other movement abnormalities.” |
C154321 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C154322 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses and has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C154324 |
A poorly differentiated carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses. |
C154333 |
“The reemergence of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified after a period of remission.” |
C154335 |
A glioblastoma characterized by the presence of DNA methylation in the promoter region of the MGMT gene. It is associated with improved survival. |
C154339 |
“A corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of basophilic PAS-positive cells that are diffusely and strongly positive for ACTH, consistent with the abundance of secretory granules seen at the ultrastructural level. (WHO)” |
C154340 |
“A corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of faintly basophilic or chromophobic PAS-positive cells with weak or patchy positivity for ACTH, consistent with the scant, small secretory granules seen ultrastructurally. (WHO)” |
C154342 |
“A corticotroph pituitary tumor composed of cells with Crooke hyaline change. Ring-like cytokeratin expression is typical of these neoplasms. ACTH expression is dislocated to the cell periphery and juxtanuclear region. Ultrastructurally, intermediate filaments are arranged in a ring-like pattern. (WHO)” |
C154429 |
Corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C154431 |
A densely granulated corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C154432 |
A sparsely granulated corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome. |
C154441 |
Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C154442 |
Malignant mesothelioma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C154443 |
Malignant mesothelioma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C154444 |
Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C154473 |
A melanoma which has metastasized from an unknown primary anatomic site. |
C154494 |
“A renal cell carcinoma usually seen in children or young adults. It is characterized by papillary, alveolar and nested growth patterns with clear and eosinophilic cells. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with translocations/gene fusions involving members of the MiT family of transcription factors. There are two subtypes: TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma [Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma] and TFEB-rearranged renal cell… |
C154496 |
“A rare tumor, usually occurring in young adults (mean age 12 years) with slight female predominance. It is characterized by a proliferation of anaplastic spindle cells with bizarre, pleomorphic nuclei and atypical mitotic figures. Most cases show chondroid differentiation.” |
C154504 |
A plurihormonal pituitary neuroendocrine tumor consisting of a single cell type producing two (or rarely more) hormones. (WHO) |
C154505 |
A plurihormonal pituitary neuroendocrine tumor consisting of two or more different cell lineages. (WHO) |
C154519 |
Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors composed of adenohypopheseal cells of two lineages or a null cell tumor in combination with a lineage-specific pituitary neuroendocrine tumor in the same gland. |
C154520 |
Multiple pituitary neuroendocrine tumors composed of adenohypopheseal cells of two or more lineages or a null cell tumor in combination with a lineage-specific pituitary neuroendocrine tumor in the same gland. |
C154545 |
A renal cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C154547 |
Renal cell carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C154608 |
The reemergence of a metastatic malignant neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C154614 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SACS gene, encoding sacsin. It is characterized by early onset cerebellar ataxia, pyramidal tract signs and peripheral neuropathy.” |
C154615 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the FERMT3 gene, encoding fermitin family homolog 3. It is characterized by a defect in activation of all beta integrins. It manifests clinically as severe infections with marked leukocytosis, accompanied by life-threatening bleeding episodes.” |
C154617 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the digestive system and is composed of malignant large cells. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20% (often more than 70%). |
C154618 |
|
C154621 |
A neuroendocrine tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C154622 |
The reemergence of gastric adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C154641 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the digestive system and is composed of malignant small cells. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20% (often more than 70%). |
C154700 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation. |
C155304 |
“A rare developmental early childhood neoplasm, arising within the fetal anterior pituitary. It is associated with DICER1 mutations. Patients present with features of Cushing disease, with elevated blood ACTH levels and hypercortisolism. Ophthalmoplegia is a frequent symptom. The overall prognosis is poor. (WHO)” |
C155305 |
A cutaneous melanoma that arises from the upper or lower extremity. |
C155306 |
Cutaneous melanoma of the upper or lower extremity that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C155307 |
A variant of sickle cell disease due to heterozygosity for hemoglobin S and hemoglobin E mutations. Patients present with the symptoms of sickle cell disease but the symptoms are less frequent and severe compared to patients with hemoglobin SS disease. |
C155310 |
A variant of sickle cell disease due to heterozygosity for hemoglobin S and hemoglobin D mutations. Patients present with the symptoms of sickle cell disease but the symptoms are less frequent and severe compared to patients with hemoglobin SS disease. |
C155311 |
Cutaneous melanoma of the upper or lower extremity that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C155312 |
“A pulmonary complication of sickle cell disease characterized by radiographic interstitial abnormalities and impaired pulmonary function. In severe cases, pulmonary hypertension is present.” |
C155313 |
“Retinopathy characterized by the formation of new vessels in the retina. The new vessels are abnormal and fragile. If hemorrhage occurs due to the vascular fragility, there is increased risk of vision loss or blindness.” |
C155316 |
Proliferative retinopathy occurring in both eyes. |
C155647 |
A sarcoma that arises from the soft tissues or bones of the upper or lower extremity. |
C155648 |
A sarcoma of the soft tissues or bones of the upper or lower extremity that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C155649 |
A sarcoma of the soft tissues or bones of the upper or lower extremity that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C155698 |
A carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155699 |
A renal cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155742 |
The reemergence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C155743 |
A pancreatic adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155747 |
“A group of conditions characterized by impairment of peroxisome assembly and metabolic pathways confined to this organelle, caused by mutation(s) in the peroxin (PEX) gene family. Phenotypically, they manifest as Zellweger syndrome (ZS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP1), the latter a distinct peroxisome biogenesis disorder phenotype. ZS, NALD, and IRD have multiple complementation groups and form a spectru… |
C155748 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX1 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 1. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155749 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX1 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 1. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155750 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX5 gene, encoding peroxisomal targeting signal 1 receptor. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155751 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX5 gene, encoding peroxisomal targeting signal 1 receptor. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155752 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX12 gene, encoding peroxisome assembly protein 12. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 3A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155753 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX12 gene, encoding peroxisome assembly protein 12. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 3B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155754 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX6 gene, peroxisome assembly factor 2. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 4A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155755 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX6 gene, peroxisome assembly factor 2, Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 4B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155756 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX2 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 2. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 5A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155757 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX2 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 2. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 5B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155758 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX10 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 10. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155759 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX10 gene, encoding peroxisome biogenesis factor 10. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 6B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155760 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX26 gene, encoding peroxisome assembly protein 26. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 7A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155761 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX26 gene, encoding peroxisome assembly protein 26. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 7B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155762 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX16 gene, encoding peroxisomal membrane protein PEX16. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 8A manifests phenotypically as Zellweger syndrome.” |
C155763 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PEX16 gene, encoding peroxisomal membrane protein PEX16. Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 8B is characterized by overlapping phenotypes of neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy and infantile Refsum disease.” |
C155767 |
A pituitary neoplasm composed of mature ganglionic cells admixed with pituitary neoplastic neuroendocrine cells. |
C155768 |
A rare extraventricular neurocytoma (WHO grade 2) of the hypothalamic-pituitary area. (WHO 2017) |
C155769 |
An extremely rare paraganglioma arising from chief cells of the dispersed paraganglia of the sellar region. (WHO) |
C155772 |
An extremely rare ectopic olfactory neuroblastoma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155774 |
“A very rare, low-grade neoplasm that arises from the posterior pituitary. It is composed of epithelioid and oncocytic cells forming sheets and fascicles. It shows histopathological features reminiscent of ependymomas, including perivascular pseudorosettes and true rosettes. There is no evidence of necrosis or increased mitotic activity. Despite the presence of ependymal histopathological features, these neoplasms probably are not related to ependymomas. Their prognosis is unknown.” |
C155776 |
A rare meningioma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155778 |
A rare meningioma arising from the intrasellar region. |
C155780 |
An extremely rare schwannoma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155781 |
A chordoma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155782 |
A chondroid chordoma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155783 |
A dedifferentiated chordoma that arises from the sellar region. |
C155784 |
An extremely rare meningeal solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the sellar region. |
C155786 |
A malignant neoplasm that has metastasized to the sellar region from another anatomic site. |
C155790 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the bones and structures of the skull. |
C155791 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the skull base. |
C155792 |
“A neoplasm that arises from the bones and structures of skull and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C155793 |
“A neoplasm that arises the skull base and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C155796 |
A rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the pituitary gland. The majority are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. |
C155797 |
A rare diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the pituitary gland. |
C155801 |
A germ cell tumor that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155802 |
A germinoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155803 |
A germinoma that arises from the suprasellar region. |
C155804 |
A yolk sac tumor that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155805 |
An embryonal carcinoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155806 |
A choriocarcinoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155807 |
A teratoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155808 |
A mature teratoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155809 |
An immature teratoma that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155810 |
A teratoma with malignant transformation that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155811 |
A mixed germ cell tumor that arises from or adjacent to the sellar region. |
C155816 |
The reemergence of endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C155817 |
The reemergence of endometrial undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C155818 |
The reemergence of uterine corpus carcinosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C155819 |
The reemergence of endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C155821 |
“The gradual, clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells carrying specific, disruptive, and recurrent genetic variants, in individuals without clear diagnosis of hematological malignancies. It is associated with an increased risk of developing hematologic cancers.” |
C155829 |
Low grade glioma that is not amenable to surgical removal. |
C155852 |
A malignant neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C155869 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C155870 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to distal anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C155871 |
An infection that is caused by herpes simplex virus. |
C155872 |
An infection that is caused by molluscum contagiosum virus. |
C155873 |
A sarcoma that arises from the anatomic structures that surround the lungs and the pleura. |
C155874 |
A gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155875 |
Desmoid fibromatosis that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C155877 |
Desmoid fibromatosis that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155901 |
Lung non-small cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155902 |
Lung carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155903 |
Digestive system carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155908 |
Lung adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C155910 |
“Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia with serum IgM monoclonal protein equal or more than 3 g/dL and/or at least 10% bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration but no evidence of constitutional symptoms, symptomatic anemia, or hyperviscosity. (Blood 2008, 112:2709)” |
C155919 |
A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the thoracic cavity from another anatomic site. |
C155933 |
A pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C155934 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from any part of the digestive system and has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C155935 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from any part of the digestive system and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C155936 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from any part of the digestive system and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C155937 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from any part of the digestive system and does not respond to treatment. |
C155938 |
The reemergence of a neuroendocrine carcinoma in any part of the digestive system after a period of remission. |
C155947 |
A hemangioblastoma that arises from the cerebrum. |
C155948 |
A hemangioblastoma that arises from the spinal cord. |
C155949 |
A hemangioblastoma that arises from the medulla oblongata. |
C155950 |
A malignant urinary system neoplasm that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of malignant urinary system neoplasm. |
C155951 |
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma that develops in a patient with Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. |
C155952 |
A cystadenoma that arises from the broad or other uterine ligaments. It is characterized by the presence of small papillary projections in the inner surface of the cysts. It may be sporadic or associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. |
C155953 |
A cystadenoma that arises from the epididymis. It is characterized by the presence of small papillary projections in the inner surface of the cysts. It may be sporadic or associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. |
C155954 |
“A syndrome associated with the development of multiple polyps throughout the intestine. It includes familial adenomatous polyposis , hamartomatous polyposis syndromes, and other rare polyposis syndromes.” |
C155957 |
A rare thyroid gland follicular adenoma composed predominantly of spindle cells. |
C155958 |
A thyroid gland follicular adenoma seen in patients treated with minocycline. The tumors have black discoloration visible on macroscopic examination and cytoplasmic accumulation of black pigment. (WHO 2017) |
C155973 |
The reemergence of chordoma after a period of remission. |
C155978 |
An encapsulated or well-circumscribed thyroid gland tumor composed of well-differentiated follicular cells with no nuclear features of papillary thyroid carcinoma and with questionable capsular or vascular invasion. This is a tumor indeterminate between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma. (WHO) |
C155983 |
The reemergence of visual pathway glioma after a period of remission. |
C155984 |
Visual pathway glioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C155985 |
The reemergence of neurofibromatosis type 1 after a period of remission. |
C155986 |
Neurofibromatosis type 1 that is resistant to treatment. |
C155987 |
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is resistant to treatment. |
C155996 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the TTPA gene, encoding alpha-tocopherol transfer protein. It is characterized by spinocerebellar ataxia and extremely low concentrations of vitamin E.” |
C155998 |
“An autosomal dominant form of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, caused by mutation(s) in the KCNA2 gene, encoding potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2.” |
C155999 |
“An autosomal recessive primary ciliary motility defect caused by mutation(s) in the CCDC40 gene, encoding coiled-coil domain-containing protein 40.” |
C156031 |
A condition characterized by the cutaneous features of xeroderma pigmentosum and the systemic and neurological features of Cockayne syndrome. |
C156032 |
“A group of inherited skin disorders that present with multisystem involvement. It includes ichthyosis, epidermolysis bullosa, ectodermal dysplasia, cutis laxa, progeroid conditions, xeroderma pigmentosum, Rothmund Thomson syndrome, and dyskeratosis congenita.” |
C156034 |
“A typical papillary thyroid gland carcinoma that is totally surrounded by a fibrous capsule, which may be intact or only focally infiltrated by tumor growth. It accounts for about 10% of all cases of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma and has an excellent prognosis. Regional nodal metastases may be present, but bloodborne metastases are rare. The survival rate is nearly 100%. (WHO 2017)” |
C156035 |
An anaplastic astrocytoma occurring in the frontal lobe. |
C156036 |
An anaplastic astrocytoma occurring in the temporal lobe. |
C156037 |
A pilocytic astrocytoma occurring in the third ventricle. |
C156038 |
A pilomyxoid astrocytoma occurring in the hypothalamic-chiasmatic region. |
C156039 |
A medulloblastoma occurring in the fourth ventricle. |
C156040 |
A germinoma that arises from the third ventricle. |
C156041 |
A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that arises from the supratentorial region of the brain. |
C156042 |
A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that arises from the temporal lobe of the brain. |
C156045 |
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland with focal areas of spindle cell metaplasia. |
C156050 |
A rare variant of papillary thyroid gland carcinoma in which more than 30% of cells have hobnail features. (WHO) |
C156062 |
A carcinoma that arises from the bladder and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156063 |
A carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156064 |
A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156065 |
A carcinoma that arises from the vagina and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156066 |
A carcinoma that arises from the vulva and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156068 |
A carcinoma that arises from the endometrium and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156069 |
A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156070 |
A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156071 |
A sarcoma that arises from the soft tissues during adulthood and has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156072 |
A melanoma that arises from the skin and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156073 |
A carcinoma that arises from the esophagus and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156074 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the esophagus and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156075 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the esophagus and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156076 |
Chronic atrophic gastritis that is caused by autoimmune destruction of parietal cells in the stomach resulting in hypochlorhydria and decreased production of intrinsic factor. |
C156077 |
A keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasopharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156078 |
An undifferentiated carcinoma that arises from the nasopharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156079 |
A carcinoma that arises from the nasopharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156080 |
A carcinoma that arises from the pharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156081 |
A carcinoma that arises from the hypopharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156082 |
A carcinoma that arises from the oropharynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156085 |
A carcinoma that arises from the larynx and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156086 |
A carcinoma that arises from the lip and/or oral cavity and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156087 |
A carcinoma that arises from the oral cavity and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156088 |
A carcinoma that arises from the lip and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156089 |
An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the oral cavity and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156090 |
A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that arises from the oral cavity and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156091 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the lip and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156092 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156093 |
An adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156094 |
A non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156095 |
A small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156096 |
A carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156097 |
A carcinoma that arises from the colon and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156098 |
A carcinoma that arises from the rectum and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156099 |
A follicular carcinoma that arises from the thyroid gland and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156100 |
A papillary carcinoma that arises from the thyroid gland and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156101 |
A neuroblastoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156103 |
The reemergence of a blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C156104 |
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C156120 |
An anaplastic oligodendroglioma occurring in the frontal lobe. |
C156122 |
An encapsulated follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland which shows angioinvasion. |
C156123 |
A follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland with extension into surrounding thyroid or extrathyroid tissues. |
C156166 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastroesophageal junction and has not spread to other anatomic sites. |
C156167 |
A carcinoma that arises from the stomach and has not spread to other anatomic sites. |
C156232 |
An aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C156233 |
An aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C156253 |
A cytomegalovirus infection that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C156254 |
An adenovirus infection that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C156255 |
An Epstein-Barr virus infection that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C156267 |
A rare primary carcinoma of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant epithelial cells associated with abundant extracellular mucin deposition. |
C156268 |
A rare thymoma arising within or is attached to the thyroid gland. |
C156269 |
A pancreatic adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156273 |
An alveolar soft part sarcoma involving the tongue. It usually occurs in children. |
C156274 |
A sarcoma that arises from the tongue. |
C156276 |
An alveolar soft part sarcoma involving the orbit. It usually occurs in children. |
C156277 |
An alveolar soft part sarcoma involving the bladder. |
C156278 |
“A benign cutaneous neoplasm of uncertain differentiation that usually affects children and young adults and presents as a usually solitary well-circumscribed dermal nodule, predominantly in the face. It is a multilobulated neoplasm composed of nests of epithelioid cells with pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nucleus. The nests of neoplastic cells are usually separated by collagenous or myxoid stroma.” |
C156279 |
A liposarcoma that arises from the colon. |
C156280 |
A sarcoma that arises from the parotid gland. |
C156281 |
A liposarcoma that arises from the parotid gland. |
C156282 |
A liposarcoma involving the scrotum. |
C156283 |
A sarcoma involving the scrotum. |
C156284 |
A prostatic carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156285 |
A prostatic carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156286 |
A prostatic adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156287 |
A prostatic adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156288 |
A prostatic carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156289 |
A prostatic adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156294 |
A cervical carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156295 |
A cervical carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156297 |
A cervical adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156299 |
A cervical adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156300 |
A cervical carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156304 |
A cervical adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156309 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the MYT1L gene, encoding myelin transcription factor 1-like protein. It is characterized by intellectual disability and mild dysmorphic facial features.” |
C156310 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SMN1 gene, encoding survival motor neuron protein. It is characterized by onset between 3 and 15 months of age, and is intermediate in terms of severity between spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I and SMA type III.” |
C156311 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SLC26A2 gene, encoding sulfate transporter. It is characterized by cartilaginous and bony abnormalities, in particular very short arms and legs and the “”hitchhiker”” thumb, resulting from deformity of the first metacarpal.” |
C156340 |
A rare schwannoma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156341 |
A rare malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156342 |
“A rare benign vascular neoplasm that arises from the thyroid gland. This category includes hemangiomas, cavernous hemangiomas, and lymphangiomas.” |
C156343 |
A rare hemangioma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156344 |
A rare cavernous hemangioma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156345 |
An extremely rare lymphangioma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156346 |
A leiomyoma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156347 |
A leiomyosarcoma that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156348 |
Any disorder affecting the peripheral nerves resulting from exposure to chemotherapeutic agents. |
C156349 |
A rare solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the thyroid gland. |
C156360 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(S) in the NGF gene, encoding beta-nerve growth factor. It is characterized by loss of pain sensation, particularly in the extremities.” |
C156361 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the THAP1 gene, encoding THAP domain-containing protein 1. It is characterized by dystonic craniofacial movements, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Limb involvement is common.” |
C156406 |
A rare histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm that affects the thyroid gland. |
C156407 |
Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the thyroid gland focally or diffusely. It is exceedingly rare and usually occurs in patients with multifocal disease. |
C156408 |
A rare follicular dendritic cell sarcoma involving the thyroid gland. It may be associated with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. |
C156409 |
Rosai-Dorfman-Destombes disease affecting the thyroid gland. It is rare and is usually accompanied by involvement of cervical lymph nodes. |
C156410 |
A rare follicular lymphoma primarily involving the thyroid gland. |
C156411 |
A teratoma that contains mature tissue elements and a limited amount of immature tissue elements. |
C156424 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the SCL46A1 gene, encoding proton-coupled folate transporter. It is characterized by low concentrations of folate resulting in megaloblastic anemia, immune deficiency, and neurologic deficits.” |
C156430 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the DNMT3B gene, encoding DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3B. It is characterized by immunoglobulin deficiency, centromeric instability of chromosomes 1,9, and 19 (rarely chromosome 2), and facial dysmorphism.” |
C156433 |
“An autosomal recessive subtype of trichothiodystrophy caused by mutation(s) in the ERCC2 gene, encoding general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD.” |
C156446 |
“An autosomal recessive allelic variant of epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica caused by mutation(s) in the COL7A1 gene, encoding collagen alpha-1(VII) chain.” |
C156453 |
The reemergence of primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C156454 |
The reemergence of primary peritoneal low grade serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C156455 |
The reemergence of ovarian low-grade serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C156456 |
The reemergence of low grade fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C156457 |
A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from an anatomic site other than the lung. |
C156462 |
An ependymoma that arises from the brain. |
C156464 |
“A very rare renal cell carcinoma that usually affects young adults. It is characterized by mutations in one of the four subunits of the SDH complex (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD gene). Most frequently, the mutations occur in the SDHB subunit. It has a relatively good prognosis.” |
C156474 |
Kaposi sarcoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C156475 |
Kaposi sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156476 |
Kaposi sarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156482 |
A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the genitourinary system. |
C156483 |
“A neoplasm that arises from the genitourinary system and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C156484 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the genitourinary system. |
C156485 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156486 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156488 |
A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the islet cells of the pancreas and has spread to another anatomic site. |
C156489 |
A pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156492 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from any part of the digestive system and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156493 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the breast and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156660 |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the genitourinary system. |
C156664 |
A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the genitourinary system. |
C156671 |
Pneumonitis that does not respond to corticosteroid therapy. |
C156682 |
A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156683 |
A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156684 |
A gastric large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156685 |
A gastric small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156686 |
A small intestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156687 |
A small intestinal neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156688 |
A small intestinal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156689 |
A small intestinal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156696 |
The reemergence of T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C156699 |
Histologic transformation of a marginal zone lymphoma to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. |
C156711 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum. |
C156713 |
“A neoplasm that arises from the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C156714 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the organs and structures of the abdomen. |
C156715 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the organs and structures of the pelvis. |
C156716 |
The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise specified after a period of remission. |
C156717 |
The reemergence of acute myelomonocytic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C156718 |
The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities after a period of remission. |
C156719 |
The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A after a period of remission. |
C156720 |
The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia after a period of remission. |
C156722 |
The reemergence of acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C156723 |
The reemergence of acute erythroid leukemia after a period of remission. |
C156731 |
The reemergence of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C156745 |
A microsatellite stable colorectal carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156746 |
Digestive system carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C156757 |
“A benign ovoid parathyroid gland neoplasm surrounded by a pseudocapsule. It is composed of chief cells, clear cells, oncocytic cells, or a mixture of cell types. It lacks the morphological characteristics of parathyroid gland carcinoma and there is no evidence of capsular invasion, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion.” |
C156767 |
A carcinoma involving the basal cells. |
C156769 |
A carcinoma that arises from the basal cells and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C156770 |
A basal cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C156771 |
Increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following prostatectomy or radiation therapy in a patient with a history of localized prostate carcinoma. Signs of metastasis are absent using the currently available scanning technology. |
C156781 |
“A carcinoma arising from the intrahepatic bile ducts, hepatic ducts, common bile duct, cystic duct, or gallbladder.” |
C156782 |
The reemergence of a carcinoma arising from any part of the biliary tract after a period of remission. |
C156788 |
A basal cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156789 |
A basal cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C156790 |
“Graft versus host disease (GVHD) that occurs in an infant as the result of engraftment of maternal lymphocytes, resulting from in utero maternal-fetal cellular trafficking.” |
C156793 |
A malignant neoplasm that is associated with human papillomavirus infection and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C156801 |
An infection with human immunodeficiency virus that responds to therapy. |
C156885 |
A malignant neoplasm that affects the bronchial tree. |
C156906 |
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156907 |
Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156908 |
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156909 |
A digestive system carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156910 |
Bile duct adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156911 |
Extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection. |
C156943 |
An extremely rare sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the adrenal cortex. The reported cases were solitary and unilateral. |
C156944 |
A rare schwannoma that arises from the adrenal medulla. |
C156945 |
A rare lymphoma that arises from the adrenal gland. |
C156956 |
A rare sarcoma that arises from the adrenal gland. |
C157056 |
Breast adenocarcinoma that is positive for hormone receptors. |
C157057 |
Hormone receptor-positive breast adenocarcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C157065 |
“An uncommon and potentially fatal intraocular non-Hodgkin lymphoma that involves the uvea, retina, vitreous body, and optic nerve. It is a subset of primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.” |
C157067 |
“An uncommon and potentially fatal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that involves the uvea, retina, vitreous body, and optic nerve. It is a subset of primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.” |
C157068 |
The reemergence of primary vitreoretinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C157069 |
Primary vitreoretinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C157070 |
The reemergence of primary vitreoretinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C157071 |
Primary vitreoretinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C157073 |
The reemergence of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system after a period of remission. |
C157074 |
Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system that does not respond to treatment. |
C157122 |
“An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the PHF6 gene, encoding PHD finger protein 6. It is characterized by severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, hypogonadism, hypometabolism, and obesity.” |
C157123 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the STAT3 gene, encoding signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. It is characterized by variable features along a spectrum of autoimmune disorders affecting multiple organs. Common manifestations may include insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and autoimmune enteropathy, or celiac disease, and autoimmune hematologic disorders. Other features include short stature and nonspecific dermatitis.” |
C157124 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) and or deletion of the SHANK3 gene, encoding SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein 3. It is characterized by variable features, which may include intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay and mild dysmorphic features.” |
C157125 |
The reemergence of paraganglioma after a period of remission. |
C157126 |
Paraganglioma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157128 |
Adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157129 |
Adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C157130 |
The reemergence of a neuroendocrine neoplasm after a period of remission. |
C157131 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that does not respond to treatment. |
C157147 |
“An autosomal dominant form of cerebral amyloid angiopathy caused by mutation(s) in the APP gene, encoding amyloid-beta A4 protein. The deposition of amyloid in cerebral blood vessels wall may lead to degenerative vascular changes that may result in cerebral hemorrhage. Mutation(s) in the APP gene may also cause autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease 1.” |
C157148 |
“An autosomal dominant sub-type of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia caused by mutation(s) in the KLF1 gene, encoding Krueppel-like factor 1.” |
C157150 |
“An autosomal recessive subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia caused by mutation(s) in the CAPN1 gene, encoding calpain-1 catalytic subunit.” |
C157158 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the TH gene, encoding tyrosine 3-monooxygenase. It is characterized by onset in infancy of dopa-responsive dystonia.” |
C157235 |
A rare variant of invasive lobular breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of histiocyte-like malignant cells with pale cytoplasm forming sheets or linear patterns. Apocrine differentiation may be present. It usually has an aggressive clinical course. |
C157243 |
An intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland. |
C157244 |
A nodular ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland. |
C157245 |
A ganglioneuroma arising from the adrenal gland. |
C157246 |
“A neoplasm that combines morphologic characteristics of paraganglioma and neuroectodermal tumors such as neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or peripheral nerve sheath tumor.” |
C157248 |
“A hereditary adrenal gland pheochromocytoma caused by mutations in SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD genes.” |
C157266 |
“An autosomal dominant sub-type of left ventricular noncompaction syndrome caused by heterozygous mutation(s) of the MIB1 gene, encoding E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MIB1.” |
C157267 |
“A group of disorders with overlapping phenotypes caused by mutation(s) of the POLG gene, encoding DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1. Phenotypic variations include Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS), childhood myocerebrohepatopathy spectrum (MCHS), myoclonic epilepsy myopathy sensory ataxia (MEMSA), ataxia neuropathy spectrum (ANS), autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia (arPEO), and autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (adPEO).” |
C157268 |
A rare autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation of cartilage and other connective tissues. |
C157320 |
Skin squamous cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157324 |
Skin carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157330 |
Basal cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157331 |
Basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157334 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that arises from any anatomic site other than the brain and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C157335 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that arises from any anatomic site other than the brain and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C157336 |
An adenovirus infection that does not respond to treatment. |
C157343 |
“A condition caused by a B-cell or plasma cell clone resulting in the deposition of the secreted monoclonal immunoglobulin, without evidence for overt lymphoma or myeloma. This category includes a wide spectrum of renal pathology and include such lesions as immunoglobulin-associated amyloidosis, the monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition diseases (MIDDs; light chain deposition disease, heavy chain deposition disease, and light and heavy chain deposition disease), proliferative glomerulonephrit… |
C157350 |
A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma term that refers to a continuum between resectable and locally advanced unresectable disease. |
C157355 |
An adenocarcinoma that originates from the colorectal area and has spread to the liver. |
C157364 |
A squamous non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C157365 |
A non-small cell squamous carcinoma of the lung that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C157366 |
A carcinoma that originates from the colorectal area and has spread to the liver. |
C157449 |
“An autosomal dominant tumor syndrome caused by germline CDKN1B mutations that result in a phenotype similar to that of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, characterized by endocrine neoplasms, particularly in the parathyroid glands, pituitary, and pancreas. (WHO 2017)” |
C157450 |
A hemangioblastoma that arises from peripheral nerves or extraneural tissues. |
C157452 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to the cervical lymph nodes. |
C157458 |
Hyperplasia of the alpha cells of the pancreas. |
C157461 |
An extremely rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder caused by mutations in the GCGR gene. It is characterized by the presence of islet glucagon cell hyperplasia and glucagon cell tumors. |
C157474 |
The reemergence of monomorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission. |
C157475 |
A monomorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder that does not respond to treatment. |
C157476 |
The reemergence of polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission. |
C157477 |
A polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder that does not respond to treatment. |
C157497 |
“Castration-resistant prostate carcinoma that is refractory to second-generation androgen receptor axis-targeted agents, namely abiraterone and enzalutamide.” |
C157504 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the AMPD1 gene, encoding AMP deaminase 1. The condition is characterized by exercise-induced muscle pain and/or fatigue, which may be associated with rhabdomyolysis and/or increased concentrations of creatinine kinase.” |
C157573 |
Anal canal or perianal skin intraepithelial neoplasia with mild dysplasia. |
C157574 |
Anal canal or perianal skin intraepithelial neoplasia with moderate dysplasia. |
C157575 |
Anal canal or perianal skin intraepithelial neoplasia with severe dysplasia. |
C157576 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the TP63 gene, encoding tumor protein 63. It is characterized by congenital ectodermal dysplasia, ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum, and cleft lip/palate.” |
C157577 |
“An autosomal dominant condition caused by mutation(s) in the ATP1A3 gene, encoding sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3. It is characterized by abrupt onset of dystonia and parkinsonism in young adulthood, often triggered by physical or psychological stress.” |
C157600 |
The reemergence of giant cell glioblastoma after a period of remission. |
C157601 |
The reemergence of ependymoma after a period of remission. |
C157602 |
A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the lung and has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157606 |
Dysplasia in Barrett esophagus that is resistant to treatment. |
C157607 |
A non-neoplastic longstanding disorder of the lower respiratory system. |
C157614 |
A clear cell renal cell carcinoma that is associated with a mutation in BAP1 gene. These tumors are typically high grade and associated with poor outcome. |
C157616 |
Unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases and their sequelae other than those otherwise specified. |
C157621 |
Fallopian tube carcinoma that progresses between one and six months of completing platinum therapy. |
C157622 |
Primary peritoneal carcinoma that progresses between one and six months of completing platinum therapy. |
C157623 |
A cholangiocarcinoma that has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C157624 |
Histologic transformation of an indolent chronic lymphocytic leukemia to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. |
C157625 |
Histologic transformation of a small lymphocytic lymphoma to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. |
C157631 |
The reemergence of urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C157636 |
A urothelial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C157638 |
An adenoid cystic carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites. |
C157639 |
The reemergence of adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission. |
C157652 |
Sarcoma involving the organs and structures of the pelvis. |
C157657 |
Lymphoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C157678 |
T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C157679 |
The reemergence of primary effusion lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C157680 |
Primary effusion lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C157681 |
The reemergence of primary lymphoma of bone after a period of remission. |
C157682 |
Primary lymphoma of bone that is resistant to treatment. |
C157683 |
The reemergence of plasmablastic lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C157684 |
Plasmablastic lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C157685 |
The reemergence of HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission. |
C157686 |
Lymphoproliferative disorder that is resistant to treatment. |
C157687 |
HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder that is resistant to treatment. |
C157689 |
“The reemergence of NK-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable after a period of remission.” |
C157690 |
“NK-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable that is resistant to treatment.” |
C157691 |
T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C157692 |
The reemergence of aggressive NK-cell leukemia after a period of remission. |
C157693 |
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C157694 |
Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C157695 |
The reemergence of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C157696 |
Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C157697 |
B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia that is resistant to treatment. |
C157709 |
A lymphoproliferative disorder that develops in an individual with HIV infection. |
C157718 |
The most common renal cell carcinoma that develops in patients with end-stage renal disease and acquired cystic disease. |
C157733 |
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis that affects the larynx. |
C157737 |
A rare synovial sarcoma that arises from the kidney. |
C157743 |
“An epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the kidney. It includes neuroendocrine tumor, small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and paraganglioma.” |
C157745 |
A cystic nephroma that occurs in very young children. |
C157748 |
A neoplasm arising from the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct areas of the kidney. |
C157749 |
A rare benign renal neoplasm composed of moderately cellular spindle cells. It occurs mostly in infancy and childhood. |
C157750 |
A bladder squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C157751 |
A bladder plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157754 |
A bladder lipid-rich urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157755 |
A kidney medullary carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C157757 |
A sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C157758 |
“An epithelial neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the bladder. This category includes neuroendocrine tumors, neuroendocrine carcinomas, and paragangliomas.” |
C157759 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the bladder. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. |
C157760 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the bladder. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells. |
C157762 |
A bladder large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C157763 |
A bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157764 |
Prostate small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157766 |
A bladder sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site. |
C157767 |
A bladder micropapillary urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157768 |
A bladder clear cell (glycogen-rich) urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157769 |
A bladder giant cell urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157770 |
A bladder nested urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C157774 |
A malignant neoplasm that arises from the genitourinary system and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C157781 |
“A new infection by the hepatitis B virus, which can be transmitted by direct contact of infected blood with mucous membranes or open areas of the skin. Signs and symptoms may include loss of appetite, joint and muscle pain, low-grade fever and stomach pain. Two to six percent of adults progress to a chronic infection, while 90% of infants become chronically ill. A vaccine is available for those at risk.” |
C157782 |
“A new infection by the hepatitis C virus, which can be detected in blood. Signs and symptoms may include right upper quadrant abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, white stools and nausea. Approximately 15%-25% individuals clear the virus from their bodies without treatment. 75%-85% individuals develop chronic hepatitis C. There are possible treatments depending on individual characteristics.” |
C157783 |
“A new infection by the hepatitis E virus, which is usually spread by the fecal-oral route. Signs and symptoms may include fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, clay-colored stools and joint pain. There is no specific anti-viral treatment, the infection resolves on its own.” |
C157785 |
“A parasitic infection of the colon by Entamoeba histolytica. Signs and symptoms include cramping, diarrhea, bloody stools and fever. It can be treated with antibiotics.” |
C157794 |
A cutaneous disorder attributed to a bacterial infection. |
C157804 |
“A gastrointestinal infection attributed to the bacteria campylobacter. It is usually contracted by consuming raw or undercooked poultry or consuming a food that has been in contact with raw poultry. It is characterized by abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea and usually resolves in two to five days.” |
C157812 |
An acute diarrheal illness caused by consuming water or food contaminated by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Adequate rehydration is key to surviving this illness. |
C157813 |
Longstanding kidney disease as a complication of diabetes. |
C157814 |
Longstanding kidney disease as a complication of hypertension. |
C157816 |
A non-neoplastic longstanding disorder of the respiratory system. |
C157817 |
Cirrhosis of the liver that develops as a sequelae of a hepatitis b infection. |
C157818 |
Cirrhosis of the liver that develops as a sequelae of a hepatitis c infection. |
C157841 |
“A pathotype of Escherichia coli, which is a gram-negative bacteria that is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. It has an incubation period of 9-12 hours and a duration of 12 days. Symptoms may include persistent severe acute diarrhea.” |
C157842 |
“A pathotype of Escherichia coli, which is a gram-negative bacteria that is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. It has an incubation period of 10-72 hours and a duration of 1-5 days. Symptoms may include acute, occasionally severe diarrhea without fever.” |
C157867 |
Meningitis that is attributed to the bacteria H influenze type B. |
C157868 |
Pneumonia that is attributed to the bacteria H influenze type B. |
C157886 |
An infection in the gastrointestinal tract by a nematode. |
C157888 |
A non-neoplastic or neoplastic vascular disorder that affects the intestines. |
C157895 |
A deficiency of iodine in the diet. |
C157917 |
A pathologic response to infection in a mother or pregnant woman. |
C157935 |
A disorder that is not transmissible from one person to another. |
C157936 |
A disease of the intestines that is inflammatory but not infectious. |
C157937 |
Any stroke that is not related to an obstructed blood vessel. |
C157938 |
A deficiency of a necessary nutrient. |
C157958 |
Meningitis that is attributed to the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia. |
C157959 |
Pneumonia that is attributed to the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia. |
C157971 |
Pneumonia that is attributed to the respiratory syncytial virus. |
C157973 |
Enteritis attributed to the rotavirus. |
C157974 |
An intestinal bacterial disease caused by Salmonella bacteria. |
C157977 |
A chlamydial infection that was sexually transmitted. |
C157978 |
An intestinal disease cause by Shigella bacteria. |
C157995 |
A disorder of the subcutaneous tissue. |
C158032 |
An angiomyolipoma that arises from the kidney and is composed exclusively or predominantly of epithelioid cells. It is often associated with cytologic atypia and may recur or metastasize. |
C158046 |
“A family of tumors ranging from predominantly cystic tumors (adult cystic nephromas) to tumors that are variably solid (mixed epithelial and stromal tumors) and contain biphasic epithelial and stromal components with spindle stroma, glands, and cysts. Most of these tumors are benign. (WHO 2016).” |
C158081 |
The reemergence of a B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia after a period of remission. |
C158088 |
A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that is resistant to treatment. |
C158089 |
A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C158090 |
A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158101 |
Cholangiocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158104 |
WHO grade 2 glioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158135 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the NBAS gene, encoding neuroblastoma-amplified sequence. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of acute liver failure that begin in infancy.” |
C158138 |
“A condition characterized by the presence of functioning endometrial tissue in the lung, pleura, chest wall, and/or diaphragm.” |
C158149 |
The reemergence of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma transformed after a period of remission. |
C158150 |
An indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma which has undergone histologic transformation to an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and has become resistant to treatment. |
C158151 |
The reemergence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia transformed to aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter’s transformation) after a period of remission. |
C158152 |
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia which has undergone histologic transformation to an aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter’s transformation) and has become resistant to treatment. |
C158374 |
A non-invasive neoplasm that arises from the urothelial lining of the bladder. |
C158378 |
Endometrial serous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158379 |
Endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158380 |
Endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158381 |
Uterine Corpus Carcinosarcoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158382 |
“Papillary urothelial neoplastic proliferation in the bladder with some level of cytological and architectural disorder visible at low to intermediate magnification, with no invasion beyond the basement membrane (Ta). (WHO 2016)” |
C158383 |
A uterine corpus carcinosarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C158401 |
A paraganglioma that does not respond to treatment. |
C158402 |
A pheochromocytoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C158421 |
The reemergence of endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C158426 |
The reemergence of desmoplastic small round cell tumor after a period of remission. |
C158427 |
Desmoplastic small round cell tumor that is resistant to treatment. |
C158428 |
The reemergence of fibrosarcoma after a period of remission. |
C158429 |
Fibrosarcoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158430 |
The reemergence of spindle cell sarcoma after a period of remission. |
C158431 |
Spindle cell sarcoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C158437 |
The reemergence of endometrial adenocarcinoma after a period of remission. |
C158463 |
A salivary gland carcinoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C158464 |
A salivary gland carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C158493 |
Lung small cell carcinoma that is resistant to platinum therapy. |
C158495 |
Lung small cell carcinoma that is sensitive to platinum therapy. |
C158531 |
“An X-linked subtype of hyper-IgM caused by mutation(s) in the CD40LG gene, encoding CD40 ligand. It is characterized by normal or elevated IgM concentrations, with markedly decreased concentrations of other immunoglobulins. The clinical course is variable; it manifests as susceptibility to bacterial and opportunistic infections, neutropenia, and increased risk of lymphoma.” |
C158547 |
“A term that refers to the presence of somatic mutations in bone marrow or peripheral blood cells in individuals who may be cytopenic but do not have morphologic evidence of hematologic neoplasia. Its prevalence rises with age and is found in approximately 10% of individuals aged 70 to 80. It is associated with an increased risk of hematologic neoplasia. Mutations in the DNMT3A, TET2, or ASXL1 genes are usually identified. Approximately 10%-40% of individuals with age-related clonal hematopo… |
C158585 |
Urethral urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158586 |
Bladder urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158587 |
Ureter urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158588 |
A renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158610 |
An endometrioid adenocarcinoma exhibiting squamous differentiation. |
C158616 |
“A low grade, non-invasive mixed epithelial proliferative neoplasm that arises from the ovary. In most cases is composed of serous and endocervical-type mucinous cells.” |
C158620 |
An endometrioid tumor exhibiting squamous differentiation. |
C158622 |
A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from a site in the female reproductive system. Almost all cases have been reported in the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of cystic spaces which are lined by atypical serous epithelial cells. The surrounding ovarian stroma is fibrotic. There is no evidence of stromal invasion. |
C158636 |
A mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the bladder. |
C158650 |
An exceptionally rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells. |
C158656 |
Acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of scattered neuroendocrine cells by immunohistochemistry. |
C158664 |
A prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules that are positive for neuroendocrine markers by immunohistochemistry. |
C158730 |
Graft versus host disease occurring in the eye. |
C158731 |
Chronic graft versus host disease occurring in the eye. |
C158751 |
Inflammatory breast carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158752 |
Breast carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C158787 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in one of several genes, most often SLC26A4 encoding pendrin. It is characterized by hearing loss and enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct. Mutation(s) in the SLC26A4 gene also cause Pendred syndrome.” |
C158788 |
“An autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation(s) of the MYH9 gene, encoding myosin-9. Clinical features include thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and characteristic inclusions in peripheral blood leukocytes, and may be associated with other organ dysfunction. It comprises the Epstein syndrome, Fechtner syndrome, May-Hegglin anomaly, and Sebastian syndrome– all of which were previously believed to be distinct entities.” |
C158908 |
A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C158909 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C158910 |
A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C158911 |
A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C158912 |
“An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the prostate gland. It is classified as either small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma based on the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm.” |
C158913 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to other anatomic sites. |
C158914 |
A prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C158915 |
A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C158960 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the exocrine pancreatic ducts and has metastasized to other anatomic sites. |
C158961 |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has not spread beyond the pancreas. |
C158962 |
A rare type of amyloidosis characterized by the monoclonal deposition of immunoglobulin heavy chain fragments in organs and tissues. It is associated with plasma cell or B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. |
C158963 |
The most common type of amyloidosis. It is characterized by the monoclonal deposition of immunoglobulin light chain fragments in organs and tissues. It is associated with plasma cell or B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. |
C158964 |
An extremely rare type of amyloidosis characterized by the monoclonal deposition of immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain fragments in organs and tissues. |
C158965 |
A subtype of monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease in which heavy and light chains deposition results in non-amyloid tissue deposits which may cause organ dysfunction. |
C158966 |
A morphologic variant of light chain proximal tubulopathy with no evidence of crystal formation. It is characterized by acute tubular injury with no evidence lysosomal immunoglobulin crystals. |
C158967 |
A condition characterized by histiocytes containing intra-lysosomal accumulation of immunoglobulin light chains. Crystal-storing histiocytosis is often associated with plasma cell dyscrasias and lymphoproliferative disorders. |
C158968 |
“Glomerulonephritis characterized by the presence of Congo-red negative microfibrils in the mesangium and capillary walls of the glomeruli. Morphologic findings include formation of microtubules, evident on electron microscopy, that are larger than those seen in fibrillary glomerulonephritis (30-50 versus 16-24 nm in diameter). There may be some overlap in the size of fibrils found in both conditions.” |
C158969 |
“Glomerulonephritis caused by cryoglobulins which are composed of monoclonal immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, or IgM. It occurs in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders.” |
C158970 |
“A sub-type of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, characterized by restriction to a single immunoglobulin G heavy chain subclass and a single light chain isotype. Light microscopy often shows an endocapillary proliferative or membranoproliferative glomerulopathy. Electron microscopy reveals electron-dense subendothelial and mesangial deposits.” |
C158971 |
A subset of C3 glomerulopathy in which there is an associated finding of monoclonal gammopathy. |
C159205 |
A rare angiosarcoma arising from the kidney. |
C159206 |
An extremely rare rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the kidney. Most cases are of embryonal type. |
C159208 |
A rare Ewing sarcoma arising from the kidney. |
C159209 |
A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the kidney. |
C159211 |
A rare hemangioma arising from the kidney. |
C159214 |
A rare lymphangioma arising from the kidney. |
C159221 |
A rare schwannoma arising from the kidney. |
C159222 |
A rare solitary fibrous tumor arising from the kidney. |
C159223 |
A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with stippled chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Mitotic activity is low and tumor necrosis is absent. |
C159224 |
“An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the kidney. It is classified as either small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma based on the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm.” |
C159225 |
An aggressive high-grade carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells. |
C159226 |
An extremely rare paraganglioma that arises from the renal hilum. Paragangliomas that arise from the perihilar sympathetic ganglia are not included in this category. |
C159227 |
A rare benign or malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the kidney. |
C159244 |
“A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is not caused by human papillomavirus infection. Morphologic variants include pseudohyperplastic, pseudoglandular, verrucous, papillary, and sarcomatoid carcinoma.” |
C159245 |
“A multifocal, extremely differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. It typically occurs in older patients and is associated with lichen sclerosus.” |
C159246 |
A penile squamous cell carcinoma characterized by cellular discohesion of the tumor cells that results in the formation of pseudolumina resembling glandular structures. |
C159247 |
A variant of verrucous carcinoma of the penis. It is characterized by a labyrinthine growth pattern. |
C159248 |
An extremely rare carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous components. |
C159249 |
A variant of penile basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. It is characterized by a papillary exophytic or endophytic growth pattern. |
C159250 |
A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by warty (condylomatous) and basaloid features. |
C159251 |
A variant of penile squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with clear cytoplasm. |
C159252 |
“A variant of penile squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of islands of malignant cells with uniform vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, and a dense lymphocytic infiltrate.” |
C159311 |
“A low grade ovarian epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic mucinous epithelial cells, atypia, and microinvasion of the ovarian stroma.” |
C159312 |
“A low grade ovarian epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic mucinous epithelial cells, atypia, and the presence of intraepithelial carcinoma.” |
C159313 |
A low grade ovarian epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical neoplastic serous and mucinous cells. Microinvasion of the ovarian stroma is present. |
C159323 |
The formation of a thrombus in the vena cava. |
C159456 |
Fanconi syndrome that is caused by light chain deposition resulting in a proximal tubulopathy. |
C159486 |
A low grade ovarian epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular or cystic spaces which contain atypical glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. Microinvasion of the ovarian stroma is present. |
C159507 |
“An extremely rare and highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the peritoneum. Morphologically, it is a high grade tumor, composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.” |
C159542 |
A rare bladder adenocarcinoma with the histologic characteristics of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. |
C159548 |
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C159556 |
An adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C159562 |
A clear cell renal cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C159563 |
An adenocarcinoma that does not respond to treatment. |
C159565 |
An adenocarcinoma that has recurred after a period of remission. |
C159582 |
A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the bladder. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with stippled chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Mitotic activity is low and tumor necrosis is absent. |
C159653 |
“An autosomal recessive sub-type of Joubert syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the RPGRIP1L gene, encoding a protein thought to function in programmed cell death. It is characterized by cerebellar and oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia and psychomotor delay, neonatal respiratory abnormalities, renal abnormalities, and retinal dystrophy.” |
C159654 |
“An autosomal recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the DNAJC12 gene, encoding dnaJ homolog subfamily C member 12. It is characterized by increased serum phenylalanine concentrations resulting in variable neurologic defects, including movement defects and intellectual disability. BH4 metabolism is normal.” |
C159655 |
“A condition caused by biallelic mutation(s) in the SCYL1 gene, encoding N-terminal kinase-like protein. It is characterized by peripheral neuropathy, cerebellar atrophy, ataxia, and recurrent episodes of liver failure.” |
C159663 |
A rare melanoma that arises from the bladder mucosa. |
C159665 |
A rare melanoma that arises from the urethral mucosa. |
C159667 |
A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm with skeletal muscle differentiation arising from the bladder. |
C159668 |
An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the bladder. It is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder affecting young children. |
C159669 |
An alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the bladder. It is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder affecting older children and adolescents. |
C159670 |
A leiomyosarcoma that arises from the bladder. It is the most common type of bladder sarcoma in adults. |
C159671 |
A very rare angiosarcoma that arises from the bladder. |
C159673 |
A benign or malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor arising from the bladder. |
C159674 |
A benign perivascular epithelioid cell tumor arising from the bladder. |
C159675 |
Pleural malignant mesothelioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C159676 |
An endometrial carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C159677 |
A malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor arising from the bladder. |
C159679 |
A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the bladder. Most of these tumors are benign. |
C159680 |
A hemangioma that arises from the bladder. Most tumors occur in adults. |
C159681 |
A rare granular cell tumor arising from the bladder. Most tumors are benign. |
C159682 |
A plexiform or diffuse neurofibroma arising from the bladder. |
C159717 |
“A lymphoproliferative disorder associated with Epstein-Barr virus. This category includes, but is not limited to, Burkitt lymphoma, classic Hodgkin lymphoma, and lymphomas arising in immunocompromised individuals.” |
C159775 |
A gastric carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C159902 |
Ovarian carcinoma that has a documented response to platinum-based chemotherapy. |
C159903 |
A thymus carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C159904 |
A malignant thymoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160144 |
“A collection of symptoms following removal of part or all of the rectum that may include frequency or urgency of stools, numerous bowel movements over a few hours, fecal incontinence, constipation alternating with numerous bowel movements, and/or increased intestinal gas.” |
C160149 |
EBV-related lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160150 |
An EBV-related lymphoid proliferation that arises in the setting of immune deficiency due to a primary immunodeficiency or immunoregulatory disorder. |
C160151 |
The reemergence of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease with primary immunodeficiency after a period of remission. |
C160152 |
EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disease with primary immunodeficiency that is resistant to treatment. |
C160158 |
“A carcinoma arising in a bladder diverticulum. Approximately one-third to half of the cases represent non-invasive, low-grade or high-grade urothelial carcinomas. Approximately half of the invasive carcinomas are urothelial. The rest include adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and small cell carcinomas.” |
C160229 |
The reemergence of high-grade B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C160230 |
The reemergence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma germinal center B-cell type after a period of remission. |
C160231 |
The reemergence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma activated B-cell type after a period of remission. |
C160232 |
The reemergence of transformed follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after a period of remission. |
C160233 |
High-grade B-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160238 |
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma germinal center B-cell type that is resistant to treatment. |
C160239 |
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma activated B-cell type that is resistant to treatment. |
C160240 |
Transformed follicular lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160295 |
Lung small cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C160296 |
Small cell lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160297 |
NUT carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C160298 |
NUT carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160301 |
NUT carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C160437 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the jejunum. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is 3 to 20%.” |
C160440 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the ileum. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is 3 to 20%.” |
C160442 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the duodenum. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is 3 to 20%.” |
C160443 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the colon. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is 3 to 20%.” |
C160451 |
“A well-differentiated, intermediate-grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the rectum. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is 3 to 20%.” |
C160587 |
“Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral difficulties that often occur in conjunction with frontal lobe disorders, including traumatic injury and dementia. It is also a feature of attention deficit disorder and other non-trauma-induced conditions.” |
C160599 |
Esophageal carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160619 |
The reemergence of malignant ovarian granulosa cell tumor after a period of remission. |
C160662 |
|
C160666 |
“A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin in a patient with a history of hematologic malignancy, usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia.” |
C160737 |
The reemergence of oligodendroglioma after a period of remission. |
C160781 |
An ovarian serous adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C160782 |
An ovarian serous adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site. |
C160783 |
A non-small cell carcinoma of the lung that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C160817 |
Acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of microcystic foci. |
C160818 |
“An extremely rare prostate acinar adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of giant, bizarre anaplastic cells with pleomorphic nuclei and lack of a spindle cell component.” |
C160819 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the colon and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C160820 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the rectum and has metastasized to another anatomic site. |
C160852 |
A paraganglioma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160853 |
An adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C160872 |
Primary peritoneal carcinoma that has a documented response to platinum-based chemotherapy. |
C160873 |
Fallopian tube carcinoma that has a documented response to platinum-based chemotherapy. |
C160874 |
Chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) occurring in the skin. |
C160904 |
The reemergence of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma after a period of remission. |
C160905 |
Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160912 |
The reemergence of anaplastic ependymoma after a period of remission. |
C160913 |
Anaplastic ependymoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160914 |
The reemergence of anaplastic ganglioglioma after a period of remission. |
C160915 |
Anaplastic ganglioglioma that is resistant to treatment. |
C160916 |
A liposarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C160917 |
A leiomyosarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C160919 |
An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C160920 |
A breast carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. |
C160974 |
A minor salivary gland adenocarcinoma characterized by a cribriform pattern. It often metastasizes to the neck lymph nodes. |
C160976 |
Adenocarcinomas that arises from the sinonasal tract. This category includes salivary-type and non-salivary type adenocarcinomas. The latter includes intestinal-type and non-intestinal-type adenocarcinomas. |
C160977 |
An adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the absence of features that resemble intestinal adenocarcinoma. |
C160978 |
A sebaceous carcinoma that arises from the head and neck region. |
C160980 |
A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the head and neck. It is classified as small cell or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. |
C160981 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the head and neck and is composed of malignant small cells. The mitotic count is more than 10 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20% (often more than 70%). |
C160982 |
A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the head and neck and is composed of malignant large cells. The mitotic count is more than 10 per 2 mm2 and/or the Ki-67 index is more than 20% (often more than 55%). |
C160984 |
An intestinal-type adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. |
C160986 |
An intestinal-type adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a tubuloglandular growth pattern. |
C160987 |
An intestinal-type adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a solid growth pattern. |
C160995 |
An intestinal-type adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. |
C161000 |
An intestinal-type adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of a mixture of growth patterns. |
C161005 |
“An autosomal dominant familial form of epilepsy caused by mutation(s) in the DEPDC5 gene, encoding GATOR complex protein DEPDC5. It is characterized by focal seizures usually arising from the frontal or temporal lobe. The onset of seizures may occur from infancy to adulthood.” |
C161007 |
Adenocarcinomas that arise from the seromucinous glands and surface epithelium of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. These adenocarcinomas morphologically resemble the adenocarcinomas that arise from the major and minor salivary glands. |
C161008 |
Adenocarcinomas that arise from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and do not resemble salivary gland adenocarcinomas. This category includes intestinal-type and non-intestinal type adenocarcinomas. |
C161019 |
A malignant solid neoplasm that has metastasized to a limited number of sites— existing in a state intermediate between localized disease and widespread metastatic disease. |
C161022 |
“An intra-acinar and/or intraductal neoplastic epithelial proliferation in the prostate gland that has some features of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia but exhibits much greater architectural and/or cytological atypia, typically associated with high-grade, high-stage prostate carcinoma. (WHO 2016)” |
C161034 |
A rare synovial sarcoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161035 |
A rare osteosarcoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161038 |
A rare undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161042 |
A rare inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161045 |
A mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161048 |
Colorectal adenocarcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites. |
C161553 |
A congenital abnormality of the eye caused by failure of regression of the fetal eye vasculature. |
C161554 |
A congenital abnormality of the eye caused by failure of regression of the primary vitreous and hyaloid vasculature anteriorly and/or posteriorly. |
C161555 |
“A congenital abnormality of the eye caused by incomplete regression of the tunica vasculosa lentis, which is the vascular structure that nourishes the crystalline lens in utero.” |
C161579 |
A rare solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161580 |
A rare malignant solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161581 |
A rare hemangioma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161582 |
A rare granular cell tumor that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161583 |
The spread of a malignant neoplasm from a primary site to the pelvic cavity. |
C161584 |
A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the pelvic cavity. |
C161585 |
A clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites. |
C161586 |
A clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C161587 |
A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the lymph nodes. |
C161602 |
A rare diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161603 |
A rare follicular lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161604 |
A rare mantle cell lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161605 |
A rare small lymphocytic lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland. |
C161606 |
A rare cystadenoma affecting the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of multilocular prostatic cysts. |
C161607 |
A rare Wilms tumor affecting the prostate gland. |
C161608 |
A rare extrarenal rhabdoid tumor affecting the prostate gland. |
C161609 |
“A metastatic, castration-resistant prostate carcinoma that is composed of fibroblast growth factor-driven malignant cells.” |
C161611 |
An exceptionally rare melanoma arising from the prostate gland. |
C161612 |
A paraganglioma that affects the prostate gland. |
C161634 |
An extremely rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the seminal vesicle. Glandular formation and mucin secretion are absent. |
C161636 |
“A rare biphasic neoplasm that arises from the seminal vesicle. It is characterized by the presence of stromal and benign epithelial components. Rarely, the stromal component may display atypia and mitotic activity and the tumor may behave in a malignant clinical course.” |
C161637 |
A mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the seminal vesicle. |
C161638 |
A leiomyoma that arises from the seminal vesicle. |
C161639 |
A schwannoma that affects the seminal vesicle. |
C161640 |
An extramammary myofibroblastoma that affects the seminal vesicle. |
C161641 |
A rare leiomyosarcoma that affects the seminal vesicle. |
C161642 |
An extremely rare angiosarcoma that affects the seminal vesicle. |
C161643 |
“A neoplasm that arises from the seminal vesicle and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.” |
C161644 |
A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the seminal vesicle. |
C161649 |
The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the seminal vesicle from an adjacent or distant anatomic site. |
C161765 |
A thyroid gland carcinoma that is worsening in terms of extent or severity. |
C161830 |
BRCA hereditary breast carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site. |
C161838 |
A rare childhood malignant liver neoplasm with overlapping features of hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. |
C161906 |
Adenocarcinoma that arises from the esophagus and is confined entirely to the mucosa. |
C162015 |
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C162016 |
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162113 |
Esophageal adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162114 |
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162116 |
A colon adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162117 |
A rectal adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162139 |
“A testicular germ cell tumor that has undergone either partial or complete regression, resulting in the creation of a fibrotic nodule in the testis.” |
C162141 |
“A form of aspergillosis characterized by the presence of septate, acute, branching hyphae invading lung tissue.” |
C162152 |
Colon adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C162153 |
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C162154 |
Colorectal adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C162155 |
Colon adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C162156 |
Rectal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C162157 |
Rectal adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment. |
C162158 |
Lung non-small cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C162182 |
A breast carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection. |
C162188 |
Cellular proliferation of hematopoietic cells where a substantial proportion of the cells is derived from a single hematopoietic stem cell lineage. |
C162194 |
A sarcoma of soft tissue that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment. |
C162225 |
“A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, 2018.” |
C162226 |
The carcinoma is strictly confined to the cervix (extension to the uterine corpus should be disregarded). (FIGO 2018) |
C162227 |
“Invasive cervical carcinoma that can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with maximum depth of invasion less than 5 mm. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162228 |
Cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion less than 3 mm in depth. (FIGO 2018) |
C162229 |
Cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion equal or more than 3 mm and less than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2018) |
C162230 |
“Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured deepest invasion equal or more than 5 mm (greater than Stage IA), lesion limited to the cervix uteri. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162231 |
“Invasive cervical carcinoma with equal or more than 5 mm depth of stromal invasion, and less than 2 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162232 |
Invasive cervical carcinoma equal or more than 2 cm and less than 4 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018) |
C162233 |
Invasive cervical carcinoma equal or more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018) |
C162234 |
“The cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but has not extended onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162235 |
Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement. (FIGO 2018) |
C162236 |
“Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement, less than 4 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162237 |
“Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement, equal or more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162238 |
Cervical carcinoma with parametrial involvement but not up to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018) |
C162239 |
Cervical carcinoma that involves the lower third of the vagina and/or extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney and/or involves pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes. (FIGO 2018) |
C162240 |
“Cervical carcinoma that involves the lower third of the vagina, with no extension to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018)” |
C162241 |
Cervical carcinoma with extension to the pelvic wall and/or hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney (unless known to be due to another cause). (FIGO 2018) |
C162242 |
“Cervical carcinoma with involvement of pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes, irrespective of tumor size and extent (with r and p notations). (FIGO 2018)” |
C162243 |
Cervical carcinoma with pelvic lymph node metastasis only. (FIGO 2018) |
C162244 |
Cervical carcinoma with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. (FIGO 2018) |
C162245 |
“The cervical carcinoma has extended beyond the true pelvis or has involved (biopsy proven) the mucosa of the bladder or rectum. (A bullous edema, as such, does not permit a case to be allotted to Stage IV). (FIGO 2018)” |
C162246 |
The cervical carcinoma has spread to adjacent pelvic organs. (FIGO 2018) |
C162247 |
The cervical carcinoma has spread to distant organs. (FIGO 2018) |
C162254 |
A malignant neoplasm that arises in the female reproductive system and has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites. |
C162255 |